»1 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-2i) 


Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  WIST  MAIN  STRUT 

WUSTIR.N.Y.  MStO 

(71«)I73-4S03 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Institute  for  Historical  MIcroreproductlons  /  Instltut  Canadian  de  microreproductlons  historlques 


-I'^^i'Ml^SISW 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  In&titutOshas  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


D 
D 


D 


D 
D 


D 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 

Covers  damaged/ 
Couverture  endommag6e 

Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaur6e  et/ou  pellicul6e 

Cover  title  missing/ 

Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 


I      I    Coloured  maps/ 


Cartes  g6ographiques  en  couleur 


Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 


I      I   Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 


D 


Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 

Bound  with  other  material/ 
Reli4  avec  d'autres  documents 

Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  reliure  serr6e  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  int6rieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
11  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  aJoutAes 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
male,  lorsque  cela  6tait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  AtA  filmAes. 

Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  supplAmentaires: 


L'Institut  a  microfilms  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  6t6  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  ddtaiis 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-dtre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  methods  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiqu6s  ci-dessous. 


□   Coloured  pages/ 
Pages  de  couleur 

rT/K  Pages  damaged/ 
\/C\    Pages  endommag6es 

□   Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Pages  restaurdes  et/ou  pelliculSes 


D 


Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  ddcolorSes,  tachetdes  ou  piqudes 


^ 


I      I   Pages  detached/ 


Pages  d6tach6es 

Showthrough/ 
Transparence 

Quality  of  prir 

Quality  in6gale  de  I'impression 

Includes  supplementary  materif 
Comprend  du  materiel  supplSmentaire 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 


I      I  Showthrough/ 

I      I  Quality  of  print  varies/ 

I      I  Includes  supplementary  material/ 

I — I  Only  edition  available/ 


Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiellement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  M  fiimSes  A  nouveau  de  fa^on  A 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  film*  au  taux  de  rMuction  indlquA  ci-dessous. 


10X 

14X 

18X 

22X 

26X 

SOX 

y 

12X 

16X 

aox 

^ 

28X 

32X 

EP^-"" 


The  copy  filmed  here  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

Library  of  Congress 
Photoduplication  Service 


L'exemplaira  film*  fut  reproduit  grdce  d  la 
gAnArosit*  de: 

Library  of  Congress 
Photoduplication  Service 


The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


Les  images  suivantes  ont  6tA  reproduites  avec  ie 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  et 
de  la  nettetA  de  rexamplairo  film6,  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  Illustrated  Impres- 
sion, or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  Impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


Les  exemplalres  orlginaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  ImprimAe  sont  fllmfo  en  commengant 
par  Ie  premier  plat  et  en  termlnant  soit  par  la 
darnlAre  page  qui  comporte  una  empreinte 
d'Impression  ou  d'lilustration,  soit  par  Ie  second 
plat,  salon  Ie  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplalres 
originaux  sont  filmte  en  commenpant  par  la 
premlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'Imprettlon  ou  d'lilustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernlire  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  — ^  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED "),  or  the  symbol  ▼  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 


Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaftra  sur  la 
derniAre  image  de  chaque  microfiche,  selon  Ie 
cas:  Ie  symbole  — ►  signif ie  "A  SUIVRE",  Ie 
symbole  y  signlfie  "FIN". 


Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Thoso  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  Atre 
filmAs  it  des  taux  de  reduction  diffArents. 
Lorsque  Ie  document  est  trop  grand  pour  Atre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  cllchA,  il  est  filmA  A  partir 
de  Tangle  supArieur  gauche,  de  gauche  A  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  Ie  nombre 
d'imagos  nAcessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  mAthode. 


1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

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Ui. 


OCEAI  SCENES, 

OB  THE 

PERILS  AND  BEAUTIES  OF  THE  DEEP; 

BEISO 
nrTEBBSTWS,  INBTEUCTIVE.  AND  OBATBIC  ACCOOSIS 

OF  THE 

MOST  POPULAR  VOYAGES  ON  REUOKD 

BS1UBKABL£  SHIPWRECKS,  HAIR-BBEADTH  ESCAPES,  WAVAl  AuriU* 
TUBES,   THE  WHALE  ?ISHEIiY,  ETC.  ETC. 


^ 


FINE    3BNGRAVINGS. 


M^^V^^N^^^^» 


NEW-IORK: 
LEApTT  &  COMPANY,    191   BROADWAY. 


1850. 


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V 


PREFACE. 


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tki  life  of  a  sailor  is  far  fn  ip  being  one  of  ease 
and  inactivity;  but  it  still  presents  considerable  in- 
tervals of   entire  leisure,  with  vety  limited   sources 
of  amusement.      Divided   from  the  great  herd  of 
mankind,  and  cu<  off,  for  a  scasbn  at  least,  frbta 
the  knowledge  of  passing  events,  there  is  no  class 
of  person^  thrown  more  upon  their  own  resource 
for  intellectual  efrnployment,  than  teamen.    The  ob- 
jects which  daily  meet  their  eye^  are  the  ^mc; 
their  routine  of  dutiet  is,  for  the  most  part,  unva- 
ried ;  and  except  when  a  transient  *iil  looms  from 
the  horizon,  the  elements  alone  furnish  subjects  of 
interest  and  excitement  to  the  accustomed  traversers 
of  the  deep.    Next  to  the  claims  of  religion  upon 
minds  thus  undistracted  by  the  avocations  of  soc:iety, 
or  ilie  allurements  of  the  world,  those  of  literature 


.^sm^^^mmsKB^ 


amammm 


-  PREFACE. 

cetuinly  m^r  the  strongest.    U  is  dimcult,  how 
ever,  at  sea,  even  in  the  most  favomblo  capacity,  to 
go  through  a  long  and  continncd  course  of  roadmg. 
without  frequent  and  provoking  interruptions.    The- 
noise  and  motion  of  the  vessel,  the  sudden  shifting. 
of  the  wind,-in  short,  the  very  situation  in  wh.eh 
one   finds   himself  "eabin'd,   cribb'd,    confin'd,"- 
.„,  .0  many  impediment,  to  a  steady  and  suecess- 
ful  cultivation  of  literature. 

The  object  of  the  present  volume  has  been  to 
riTord  .  serie,   of  brief  and   interesting   sketche., 
which  might  be  both  useful  and  attractive  to  the 
«s.man,  and  afford  a  convenient  pastime  for  h.s  lei- 
,„re  moment..    It  >vas  believed  that  a  miscellany 
of  the  Mud,  which  by  its  variety  might  not  readdy 
tire,  and  which  might  be  laid  down  and  resume.1 
at   fre,»ent    intervals,   with-^-n   losmg   its   interest, 
would  not  be  unacceptable  to  the  intelligent  mar- 

incr.  •  . 

U  will  be  seen  that  no  defmite  arrangement  of 

materials  has  been   attempted  in  this  work     The 

dilTerent  articles  are  thrown  together  for  the  reader 


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PREFACE.  ^^ 

to  choose  and  digest  according  to  his  own  inclina- 
tion and   capacity.      The  distinctions  between  the 
historical  and  the  fictitious  are,  however,  sufficiently 
apparent,  and   the   plan  of  the  book  would   hardly 
admit  of  a  different  disposal  of  the  contents.     Many  ^ 
voyages  of  interest  have  doubtless  been  passed  over; 
but  an  apology  for  the  omission  must  rest  upon  the 
'  infinite   number  and  variety  of  materials,  all   com- 
ing within  the  scope  of  the  work,  which  presented 
themselves.      The   limits   of  the   book  have   been 
already  extended  beyond  the  original  design. 

To   seamen,  it   is   believed   that  the  work  will 
prove    an    instructive   as  well  ai  entertaining  one. 
It  embraces  nearly  every  subject  of  importance  in 
the  history  of  navigation  and  maritime  discoveries, 
while  the  sketches  of  nautical  manners  and  adven- 
ture are  from  the  most  authentic  sources.     From 
the  examples   presented,  it  will  be  seen  of   what 
astonishing  advantage  are  the  virtues   of  decision, 
temperance,  perseverance,  and  unwavering  hope,  in 
mcmi'nta  of  extreme   peril  and  despair.     It   is  the 
coward  only,  who  at  such  times  deserts  his  post; 


w^»-^ 


^  PEEFACE. 

Ms  defiance  to  orders,  and  surrenders  himself  to 
•  file  and  degrading  intoxication.  The  cflects  of 
mA  conduct  are  almost  universally  destructive  and 

fiR>!. 

To  transient  passengers  across  the  deep,  it  is 
Hoped,  that  the  volume  will  not  be  an  uninterest- 
ilig  and  unsought-for  companion;  while  to  that  very 
Nipectable  class  of  persons  who  live  on  shore, 
it  will  be  found  to  present  an  ample  and  genuine 
representation  of  the  habits  and  excitements,  the 
pteaiures  and  perils  of  a  mariner's  life     * 


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,;i*.-,S-.i 


CONTENTS 


Early  Discoreries 

Columbus  •  *  ' 

Magellan  -  •  ' 

Sir  Francis  Drake 

The  Spanish  Wreck 

Danipier  -  '  * 

A  Man  Overboard 

Captain  Woods  Rogei-a 

Story  of  Alexander  Selkirk 

A  Scene  off  Bermuda     - 

Captain  John  Clippcrton 

Ferocity  of  the  Polar  Bear 

Le  Muiro  and  Schoulen 

The  Florida 

Commodore  Anson 

Fishing  on  tho  Grand  Bank 

Byron      -  -  '  * 

A  Tale  of  the  Sea 

Wallis    -  -  •  * 

Voyage  from  Halifax  lo  Bermuda 

De  Bougainville 

History  of  the  Buccaneers 

Voyage  of  Captain  James 

The  Pirate's  Treasure     - 

Missionaries  in  Greenland 

Dolphins  and  Flying  Fish 

Henry  Hudson 

Famine  on  Board  the  Le  Jacques 

Law  of  Arrest 

Captain  Cook 


V^- 


IS 

14 

i 

17 

"i 

20 

23 

26 

27 

J 

29 

31 

34 

i 

38 

■1 

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40 

1 

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43 

1 

44 

45 

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50 

53 

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78 

85 

100 

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105 

105 

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captain  Cook'i  Second  Voyac* 

Third       do.      • 
Siiffbrings  of  Ephraim  How* 
An  Escape  through  the  Cabin  Wlndoiw 
The  Fatal  Repast 
Captains  Portlock  and  Dixon 
Curiosity  Baffled 

Shipwrecked  Mariners  Saveti  Through  a 
A  Polite  Sea-robber 
Feelings  Excited  by  a  long  Voyage 
Forty-five  days'  Sufferings 
Monsieur  de  la  Ferouse 
Midshipinai-.'s  Pranks 
The  Loss  of  the  PlicBnix 
Mutiny  of  the  Bounty 
Bird  Catching  in  the  Shetland  Islands 
Dangers  of  a  Nova  Scotia  Fog 
The  Eddystoiie  Light  House 
John  Paul  Jones 
James  La%vrcnc« 
Early  Ainftrican  Heroism 
Captain  O.  Vancouver     - 
A  Visit  to  Rockall 

Captain  Inglefield's  Narrative 

A  Monkey  Trick 

Captain  Kanncdy's  Narrative 

Tom  Cringle's  Log 

Nolson 

The  Cumberland  Packet 

Captain  D'EntrcrjiBteaux 

Captain  Riley 

Adventures  of  Captain  Woodward 

Shipwreck  of  the  Blendeuliall 

The  Cliffs  of  Dover 

An  Accciunt  of  llie  Whale  Fishery 

The  Lossofthe  Pegary    - 

The  Medusa 

Tlie  Main  Tnick,  or  a  Leap  for  Life 

The  Harjiooner  Tnins|)ort 

ComnMxlora  Barney        • 


Dream 


118 

134 

1^8 

140 

144 

153 

1(]0 

171 

173 

176 

180 

185 

203 

219 

«K1 

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238 

243 

2i6 

249 

2r)3 

27(5 
282 

285 

291 

307 
3()l) 
315 
310 

lia 

STirt 

am 


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CORTftXIB. 


118 

134 

1^ 

140 

144 

153 

1(J0 

171 

173 

176 

180 

185 

203 

219 

223 

2:« 

238 

24n 

216 

249 

ari'i 

253 

978 

98S 

284 

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307 

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Navnl  Battles  of  the  Uoitwl  Statca 
Captain  Parry's  First  Voyage  of  Discovery 
Second  Voyage         -  -  - 

Tliird      do.  -  *  " 

LoBsoftho  Alceste  -  -  * 

Kiitzcbiie  -  -  '  ' 

Wreck  of  the  Rotbsny  Steamer 
Narrative  of  Captain  W.  L.  Cazneau 

New  York  -  -  '  ' 

NuntitivR  of  Captain  Lincohi 

Creenwirh  Hospiml         .  -  - 

Lobs  ofthsSliip  Boston 

The  Loss  of  the  Kent     -  -  * 

l*ro|)ert;eB  of  the  Sen,  &c. 

Classification  of  Clouds 

Literary  Pursuits  of  Siiilore 

Atwtract  of  American  Nautical  Laws      - 


POETRY. 


Tlie  Beacon  Light 

The  Ocean  -  "  ' 

Nautical  Philosophy 

Tlie  Wreckers    - 

The  Dying  Dolphin 

A  Shh  Song 

Ijim«'iit  for  Long  Tom    - 

The  Return  of  the  Admiral 

Till!  Sea  Bird's  Song 

The  (Jrecian  Mnriiit'r's  Song 

Till-  Soimd  of  the  Sea     - 

A  Sen  Bttllrtd 

Aihlrcss  to  the  Ocean 

Till"  Su'.iternuipan  Streiim 

As  Fast  and  Far  o'..r  Waves  wu 

Ciwiliiniica 

Thr  M:iriii«'r's  Addn-ss  to  liis  M 

The  Mariner's  llymii 

Till!  AtinM-icMm  Flag 

Old  InMisidea    .  - 


I'y 


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371 
381 
389 
40d 

411 


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478 
480 
4M 
488 


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77 
104 
113 
144 
170 
17G 
184 
211 
237 
2.->i 
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287 
:iOO 
314 

:«» 

381 
4« 


xii 


COVTBin* 


ENGRAVINGS 


The  IjiniVing  of  Columbus 
Straits  of  Magellan. 
Peak  of  Teueriffe 
Cape  Horn 
8u  Helena 

I»ir»te'«  Treasure 

Dentil  of  Captain  Cook 

Hiril  Cuicliiriii  on  tlie  Shetland  Islancto 

Tlie  Kil.lystone  Liglit  House      - 

RoiknII 

The  Wreck  of  the  Cunilwrlund  Packet 

D«)verCnsile        -  -  * 

««iit  L'pw^t  hy  ft  Whale 
View  of  Ikmton    -  -  ' 

New  York  -  •  " 

Cn-enwich  Uocpiial 
CkwBificaiioii  of  C  louds 


16 
18 
30 
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•ii 


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■*l{i 


EARLY  MARITIME  DISC0^^1RIES. 

The  Portuguese  were  among  the  fi"t  to  signalize  tbemselves  in 
the  career  of  geographical  discovery.     At  the  begmn  n^  of  the 
fifteen  h  century.  Prince  Henry,  son  of  John  I.  was  at  the  head 
of  he  n.arin 'Portugal.     Un'der  his  i"-ediate  daecUon  sev- 
cral  vova.^es  were  undertaken  to  the  coast  of  Africa;  r..  one  ot 
wh^ch  the"  voyagers  were  driven  by  a  storm  out  of  their  usual 
course  along  ^8h!,re,  and  for  the  first  time  the  terrified  mariner, 
found  themselves  in  the  boundless  ocean.     VVhen  th«  «;orm  aba  - 
ed  ihev  were  in  sight  of  an  island,  to  which,  in  their  thanktul- 
ness  to  Heavei  for  the  succor  it  afl-orded,  they  gave  the  name  of 
Puerto  ?ancto"  or  the  Holy  Haven-the  least  of  the  Mad^^^^^^^^^ 
The  voyages  of  the  Portuguese  now  succeeded  each  ot.>er  rapidly. 
„„d  other^avigators  of  this  nation,  either  S^ov'nbol^y,  o^J^^^^ 
driven  off  the  coast,  discovered  the  Azores.     In  1433.  tno  ror 
fuiuTse  passed  Cape  Nun.  hitherto  the  limit  of  their  courses,  and 
arfived  at  rcapo.  which  presenting  a  frightful  barrier  to  the  st.  I 
Siiid  seamen   in  he  terrible  surf  that  broke  on  the  shoals  near  it 
lS;;'^nard  Cdor,  signifying  its  projection  into  the  sea  and  the 
consequent  circuit  it  required  to  double  it. 

iHucceedine  expeditions,  Cape  Verd  Y^^. '[^^^hed  and  the 
fi/npAl  aJrived  at  and  Lisbon  saw  with  astonishment  a  different 
face  Tom  the  Sloors  Cape  Mesurado  was  the  limit  of  the  Por- 
uTue  e  di^c'evSatthe  Seath  of  Prince  Henry  n  1403  which 
damping  the  irdor  of  discovery,  it  was  not  ""^'^  ^4. 1  that  t^^ 
EquktoF  was  crowed,  and  the  islands  in  the  gulf  of  Guinea  were 

^'The*[e?rors  of  the  burning  zone,  and  the  belief  of  the  union  ox 
Aflica  S  Asia  being  dissipated  by  these  successive  voyages  the 
Airica  ana  /i»ia  »  Africa  was  no  loncer  deemed  impossible, 
^„;?a'flee"t  was  fitted  o^utuS  Bartholomew  Diaz  for  the  express 
"«  p5se  ofJem  Ungil.  The  captain  coasted  Africa  to  wiOiia 
Llit  of  its  southern  point,  to  which  he  gave  '^^  "^"'«//fl,^;P'' °5 
all  Torments  from  the  violent  storms  he  experienced  off  it,  and 
w"  ich  a 'well  as  the  want  of  provisions.  o|>''gedT5i-„*;;j:»;7,,^^ 
limbon  after  an  absence  of  sixteen  months.  ^ "«  "*"%*'i,  *"1 
Cane  of  all  Torments  was  changed  by  the  king  to  th8t,of  Good 
Hope,  from  So  prospect  it  afforSed  o/accompl^bing  the  piu^ige 
lu  India.  ^ 


.1 


-    I 

4> 


14 


COLUMBUS. 


Ten  years  however  elapsed  after  the  d«wvevy  of  the  Cape 
before  this  passage  was  again  attempted;  and  Jas^co  de  Gama  had 
the  honor  of  doubling  the  promontory  the  20th  of  i^oy'mbej, 
1497  Sailing  along  tlie  east  coast  of  Africa,  he  Passed  though 
he  Mosambique  Channel  to  Mombaze  and  thenee  to  Mehnda. 
whe  0  he  procured  pilots,  and  crossing  the  Arabian  sea  arrr^^ 
S  ot  Callicut  the  22d  of  May  1498.  It  i»  thought  that  the 
ridiculous  ceremony  of  duckiag.  &C.  on  crossing  the  line  was  first 
oractised  in  this  voyage. 


COLUMBUS. 

While  the  Portuguese  were  attempting  to  arrive  at  India  by  the 
east  ctlumbus  conceived  the  idea  of  reaching  .t  by  the  west 
Jh^h  produced  a  discovery  that  was  totally  to  alter  the  face  of 
Europr  Sy  inundating  it  with  the  treasure,  of  a  "^ jo'-ld^ 
r  hristouher  Columbus  was  a  native  of  Genoa.  He  seems  to  have 
beeTacc' slomcd.  in  a  degree,  from  his  y<'H;J.  »°  ^X'^^'ir^/ 
once  commanded  a  ship  in  an  engagement  '^''^J^J';^^^^^^ 
when  both  vessels  having  grappled  took  fire,  and  he  saved  hiuiseU 

bysS  acroJs  the  Atlantic  towards  the  ^est.  new  countries 

S  rued  the  mited  kingdom,  of  Castile  and  Arragon  H.. 
nmnosa  8  were  listened  to  with  respect,  and  an  assembly  of  all 
Srirarnermen  of  the  realm  was  called  to  listen  to  h.s  reason- 
n^  and  weigh  his  arguments.  He  rose  before  this  earned  bod/, 
and  «xpSd  to  tbSm  his  project  and  the  probabilities  of  .rs 
Juccess  But  his  propositions  were  re  ected  as  absurd.  On«  of 
fhpir  assertions  was.  that  if  a  man  should  sail  away  westward 

ffoina  down:  and  that  r.oming  back  would  be  like  climbing  a 
SKhich  a  vessel  could  not  do  without  the  strongest  gale! 

B,rLunh  baflled  by  these  prejudiced  men,  he  finally  found 
an  advSfn  the  Quein  Isabella  who  P-^.-J  .  ^ --'Si. 
To  the  undertaking.     After  much  delay  and  difficulty,  an  ex     d^ 


f. 


o 

1 
C 

o 
d 

tl 

0 

( 

c 

< 

f 
1 

I 


■^'^^yj; 


COLCMBCS. 


■  1 


of  the  town  of  Huelvn,  oa  the  morning  of  the  third  f  }^S»*^' 
Tm      They  steered  their  course  in  a  S.  W.  direction  tor  th« 
Canary  Islands.     The  day  after  their  departure,  the  rudder  of  ono 
of  the  caravels  was  unshipped.     This  was  supposed  to  have  been 
done  through  the  contrivance  of  two  men  on  board  who  disliked 
fhe  voTge      Her  captain  however  repaired  the  ^d^er  by  meauj 
of  ropes,  so  as  to  be  able  to  keep  on  their  course  as  far  as  the  Grand 
Ca'  ary      Here  three  or  four  weeks  were  opent  in  repairing  the 
vesse    and  in  taking  in  supplies  of  wood  and  water;  after  which, 
on  the  sSah  of  September,  they  departed  in  a  westerly  direction. 
On  the  fifteenth  of  the  same  month,  at  night,  they  saw  a  wonderful 
flih  of  fire  fall  into  the  sea.     On  the  next  day  they  fe"  in-'th  « 
large  quantity  of  green  weeds,  among  which  they  found  a  »'ve  ^rab . 
anisoon  after  great  flocks  of  birds  were  seen  flying  towards  the 
iest      The  saifors  watched,  with  the  greatest  «"««»>'./«;, «;;;«7^ 
Bign  of  land.     But  being  often  disappointed  they  began  to  murmur 

""TfwaTd^Snight  of  the  22d,  two  or  three  land-birds  came 
singing  on  board  the  vessels,  and  fle^v  away  at  daybreak.  O^ie 
thing  tliat  terrified  the  sailors  was  that  the  wind  always  blew  d  rcct- 
y To  their  stern.  Th^y  believed  that  in  those  seas  they  should 
Zcier  havVa  wind  to  carry  them  back  again.  It  fortunately  han- 
pened  however,  that  about  this  time  the  wind  .started  up  freshly 
from  another  quarter,  with  a  rolling  sea.  The  signs  of  l««d  having 
continually  failed,  the  <=rews  grow  more  incensed  agamst  the  ad- 
miral. Provisions  were  falling  short,  and  the  general  wish  seemed 
The  to  turn  back.  Some  of  them  even  proposed  to  thjow  Cdum- 
bus  into  the  sea.  and  give  out  on  the.r  return  that  he  had  fallen 
overboard,  while  engaged  in  taking  some  observations. 

On  the  eleventh  ^October  they  experienced  signs  of  and 
which  could  not  be  mistaken.     A  cane  and  a  log  were  picked 
Ip  and  a  branch  of  thorn  full  of  red  berries  ^^V'Trnl.mbl 
Convinced,  by  thpse  token.,  of  the  vicinity  of  land,  Colut.  bus 
iftrreveningVnvers,  made  an  address  to  h.s  crew   reminding 
Sejn  of  the  morc^v  of  God  in  bringing  them  so  far.  «nd  encourag^ 
ing^hemto  continue.    About  ten  o' clock  that  evemng    wh.  e 
keeping  an  anxious  look-out  from  the  top  of  the  cabin.  tJie  ad- 
miral thought,  he  beheld  a  light  glimn  er.ng  at  a  F'-«'^\,d,stance 
S  at  two  in  the  morning  the  signal  of  land  was  given  by  a  sailor 
MmedRodrigo  de  Triana.     When  the  day  dawned  they  behold 
SrZeUienlllarge  island,  quite  '-el,  full  of  gre^n  trees  and 
delicious  springs,  and  apparently  wel   inhabited.     The  hJm.s  im- 
mediately came  to  anchor.     The  admiral  went  ashore  in  lus  bon^ 
well-armed,  and  bonring  the  royal  «*^"d«[d_    After  fonall^ 
taking  possession  of  the  island,  he  named  It  San  &«'^"dor     It 
s  now  called  Cat  Inland,  and  belongs  to  the  group  of  the  Baha- 


mas 


Ho  also  a-ACovered  Cuba,  Hispaniola,  and  several  other  smaU 


lA 


COLUMBUS. 


iilandH  and  having  left  a  colony  in  a  fort  at  Hispaniola  returaod 
lo  sSiin  "n  Xiarch.  149.-3.  In  September  foUowing.  he  set  out 
in  hJaTecond  vo;'4e  and  sailed  b?  the  Leeward  1«  ands  to  H..- 
;;„i3a?tn  athirdloyage  undertaken  ^- ^^f^J'^^^ZV:,^^" 
Continent  of  America,  but  in  consequence  »J  ««'"«  «""«"J  *''^*^ 
<rM  made  against  him,  was  sent  in  fetters  to  Europe,  He  waa 
Ca^ly  liberated  on  his  arrival,  but  so  deeply  did  the  «njury  Biok 

Sfi  hU  mind,  that  he  always  carried  f°"' h'^i'l^.^^^Se  saU^ 
worn,  and  ordered  that  they  should  be  buried  with  him.  He  sailed 
KSciiz.  in  May,  ISOif  on  his  fourth  voyage.    On  arriving  off 


Columbuf. 


VUlUiiivua* 

St.  Domingo  ho  found  eighteen  loaded  ships  preparing  to  depart 
for  Europe.  As  from  certain  tokens  he  discerned  the  approach 
of  a  hurricane,  he  requested  permission  to  enter  the  harbour,  and 
at  the  same  time  warned  the  fleet  not  to  sail.  Both  his  request 
and  warning  were  disregarded.  The  hurricane  came  on.  By 
nroper  precautions  he  escaped  its  fury;  but  it  fell  with  such  de- 
■tructive  violence  on  the  fleet,  that  only  two  or  three  ships  wero 
saved,  and  the  rest  perished  with  all  their  wealth. 

Columbus  proceeded  on  his  voyage  and  traced  all  the  coast 
about  the  isthmus  of  Darien.  Sailing  homewards  ho  was  wreck- 
ed on  the  island  of  Jamaica.  Hero  he  underwent  great  distress 
from  the  mutiny  and  desertion  of  his  men,  and  the  suspicions  of  the 
natives,  who  withheld  their  supplies  of  provisions,  till,  by  the  pre- 
diction of  an  eclipse,  he  obtained  an  irresistible  authority  over 
their  minds.  At  length  he  was  delivered  by  a  squadron  sent  from 
Hispaniola;  and  after  a  short  stay  at  St.  Domingo,  ho  embarked 
With  two  ships  for  Spain.    One  of  these  was  obliged  by  storios 


i. 


'1 


-^■T* 


MAeSLlAR. 


0. 


ta  return  and  in  the  other  with  great  difficulty  and  danger  he 
read  ed  St  Lucar  in  December,  1504.  and  thus  finished  h.s  last 
Srous  voya-e.     On  his  ,eturn  he  had  the  mortification  ot 
fiS  l^.s  bT't°f  iend,  Isabella,  dead.     He  was  worn  down  by 
aSx  ety  and  disease;  his  services  were  neglected   and  his  hopes 
miserably  disappointed.     He  finally  died  at  VaUadol.d.  on  the 
Sthof  »Iay,  1506.  in  the  fifty-ninth  year  of  h.s  age;   pajug 
•  rhrough  heVast  scene  with  that  piety  and  composure    w^ch  he 
had  displayed  in  all  the  trying  emergencies  of  life.     !«  1^6.  "•« 
remain?  wire  removed  to  kispaniola.  and  int^f^^^  m  the  city  of 
a  Domingo.    But  in  HOS.they  wera  agiua  duHnterred  and 
conveyed  to  Havanna,  in  Cuba. 


Ferdinand  Maaellan  was  by  birth  a  Porliigucae,  descended 
fri  a  P  famJf.  and  born  towards  the  e?«J  ofj^^J^f  »';;'•?; 
tu??  In  consequence  of  certain  services  in  the  Indian  Seas,  he 
Sied  to  the  government  for  some  recompense ;  but  being  treated 
SK  nefflect  Tie  left  his  own  country  to  seek  employment  in  a 
foreign  fand'  In  company  with  Ruy  klero  an  eminent  astron- 
oS  a nd  one  of  hu  Associates,  he  travelled  into  Sp^n  "id  ex- 
«widto  Charles  V.  the  reigning  monarch,  his  project  of  making 
5Si^ver!i?K»taIt  seas.  V^  listened  to  the  adventurers 
with  favor  and  consented  to  fit  out  an  expedition. 

MireKlitde  squadron  consisted  of^five  ships,  manned  wiUi 

SSed  the  Caje  de  Verd  Islands.     Holding  on  their  course. 
5SJ  bore  alona  the  coast  of  Africa,  till  they  crossed  the  line,  seven- 
SYays  afteftLir  departure.    In  the  beginning  «  December  they 
ly  HBjro  an  r  g      .J     j^jgj,  ig  now  Called  the  Bay  ot 

TLcU  Th'ey  sulsequ^iirancho^^  »» **>«  T*^  '"'J'^'ll 
S;or  suppoBed  to  be  the  Rio  Janerio,  where  they  contmued 
TfortnigT  On  their  first  landing,  the  inhabitants  fiocked  to  the 
beach  in  creat  numbers,  beholding,  as  they  imagined,  five  sea^ 
monsteS  SJpJoaching  the  shore.  Vhen  the  boats  put  out  from 
Te  sWpl.  ?fe  natives  set  up  a  great  sliout  conceiving  them  to  be 
young  sea-monsters,  the  offspring  of  the  others.  „,,-j-o„ 

Proceedina  along  the  South  American  Coast,  the  squadron 
JivTil  K  mo.  at  a  large  bay.  now  called  by  the  name  of 


h 


18 


MAGELLAir. 


St.  Julian.     Here  they  sa^v  a  wild,  S'g'^.'l.t.craje  of  great  Bge  and 
fierceness  who  made  a  roaring  not  unlike  that  ot  build.     Une  oi 
fhem  came  on  board  the  admiral's  ship,  and  was  wel  P  eased  wlh 
S:  reception;  but  happening  to  cast  his  eyes  on  a  lookmg^^^^^^^^^ 
he  was  so  terrified,  that  starting  backwards,  he  beat  totUe  grouna 


Sirniu  o(  MagtUan. 


two  men  who  stood  behind  him.  Others  subsequently  camo  on 
board,  and  their  behavior  afforded  great  cntertai.ament  to  he  offi- 
cers.  One  of  these  savages,  ate  a  b^ket  lull  o^^'^.p-biscuits  and 
drank  a  cask  of  water  at  a  meal.  They  wore  sandals,  or  a  kind 
;Scs,  made  of  skins,  and  this  caused  their  feet  to  appear  hko 
those  of  an  animal.  Magellan  n  med  them  Patagonians,  Irom  the 
Spanish  word  pata,  signiiying  a  hoof,  or  paw. 

Ma.^ellan  determined  to  continue  here  till  the  return  of  spring. 
a»  it  is  winter  in  the  southern  hemisphere  during  our  summer. 
He  had  ordered  the  allowance  of  provisions  to  be  shortened   to 
meet  this  exigence,  which  caused  much  discontent   amouj,/  the 
Trews      A  inStiny  soon  followed,  which  was  not  quelled  till  one 
of  the  othcers  was  hanged,  and  some  others  were  sent  on  shore 
to  be  left  amon-  the  Pafagonians.     Five  dreary  months  were  pas- 
sed in    he  haibor  of  St    Julian,  during  which,   every  exemou 
was  made  to  insure  the   successful  prosecution  of  the   voyage 
On  the  i24th  of  August,  the  squadron  again  set  sail,  the  weather 
be  nrfine   and  proceeded  southward,  till  a  violent  gale  from  the 
Sa"  !lrove  one  of  the  vessels  on  shore,  but  the  crew  was  l.app.y 
saved      Coasting  south  with  the  four  remaining  ships,  th«y  "P- 
nroached  a  cape,  near  which  an  opening  was  discovered  which 
S^  found  afteUards  to  be  a  strait.     Upon  this,  Magellan  gave 


\ 


i 

^ 


^#- 


i 


i ., 


^ 


MAGELLAN.  ^ 

orders  that  all  the  other  ships  should  carefully  «^^™n^  ^he  Mrait 
oromisin-  to  wait  for  them  a  certain   number  of  days.     Wh.lo 
5ieThree%e9sel3  were  employed  in  this  expedition   one  of  thetn 

E^E.£s^Jhrs^^^L:te^;^^/^.^^ 

aSout  no  leagues  infensth,  is  very  wide  in  some  pl;^ces  and  m 
o?hers  not  more  than  half  a  league  from  shore  to  shore.     On  both 

SdeTthe  land  was  high,  and  the  -°""'-'-;-[J/,X„ce 
•now.  on  advancing  about  30  leagues  west  from  the  ^''trance. 

In  about  six  weels  they  found  themselves  agauun  an  open  sea 
Jcoast  ierminating  weWard  i"  ^  -P,^^  ^f -^  ^^^rje  pl.  fie 
continent  taking  a  northerly  direction.     ^  ^^«.  ^'8  '^^'L \f  EuJone- 
Ocean  gave  Magellan  the^^t  3^^^^^^ 

Tad^oLttr  to  whic^hTela^^^^^^^^  name  on  account  of  the 

*'Sy  ato^m  thl'La"d"rs  on  the  lOth  of  March.  1524.  and 

aftlrvlsitin'  a  number  of  islands,  entered  the  port  o[Lf "  ^^h. 

Sh  of  Anrif     From  Lebu  they  sailed  to  the  island  of  Mathan, 

which  beini'goveTed  by  two  kings,  and  one  of  them  refusing  to 

nav  tribute  tf  the  king  of  Bpain,'^Magellan  prepared  to  reduce 

K?r   He  marched  ini  the  interior  of  the  inland  accompanied 

hi  livtv  Eurooeans.    Here  he  was  attacked  by  three  distinct 

bJdiefo'f  tl  Xde's.  whose  united  force  amountec  to  upward. 

«?«;«  thousand      The  battle  was  for  some  time  doubtful,  till  ivia- 

aXn'SeSosity  carrying  him  too  f.ir,  he  was  killed   by  being 
gellan  8  impetuosity  carry,.  ^^^^^^^  ^j^^^^^g 

"oe"J7.o  mike  »,e«f  me  to  repair  tl,...>lier  wo 

fnd  with  fifty-nine  persons  on  board,  for  Kurope.  1«  double  the 
Cape  o  Good  Hop'  with  the  greater  -fety  ,  ey  sn.led  as  lo^v  aa 
^decrees  S.  laiitude,  where  they  were  obli.^cd  to  Nvait  seven 
weeks  for  a  wind  On  doubling  the  cape  they  were  niuch  drs- 
t«MPd  by  hunser  and  sickness.  For  two  m.nth.  they  held  on  their 
couSe  Sthelv.  W.  without  touching  at  any  port,  durmg  which 


1 " 


90 


8IB  rRA^rCIS  DRAKE. 


time  they  lost  twenty-one  persons,  and  the  rest  were  on  the  poiat 

°  iTthiT^situation  they  arrived  at  St  Jago  one  of  the  Cape  de 
Verd  Islands.  Finally  on  the  7th  of  September,  they  entered  St- 
Lucar  in  Spain,  with  their  number  reduced  to  "bo'';/'^»f;"  P"* 
sons.  According  to  their  reckoning,  they  had  sailed  14,000  'eag"", 
and  crossed  the  equator  six  times,  having  been  absent  three  years 
wanting  fourteen  days.  This  was  the  first  voyage  round  the 
vorld  that  had  ever  been  made. 


SIB  FRANCIS  DRAKE. 

Mr.  Drake  was  first  apprenticed  to  the  master  of  a  small  vei- 
wlSding  to  France  and  Zealand ;  at  the  age  of  eighteen  he  went 
Jirier  oA  ship  to  the  Bay  of  Biscay,  and  -t;-e.ily  made  a  vo 
kge  to  the  coast  of  Guinea.     Havmg  obtained  Queen  El^/^abeth  s 
pirmission  for  an  expedition  agamst  the  Spaniards,  five  ^hips  were 
Stted  out.  having  on  board  164  able  men  and  ji  large  quantity  of 
proviaions.     ThU  fleet  sailed  out  of  Plymouth  Sound  on  the  6th 
of  November  1577;  but  meeting  with  a  violent  storm,  they  were 
Sd  to  put  back  and  refit,  'on  the  13th  <>f  December  they 
.ailTd  again,  and  on  the  25th  passed  Cape  Cant.n,  on    he  coart 
of  Barbary.    After  visiting  numerous  islands  and  meeting  with 
varhTus  a7;entures.  havin|  passed  _the  line,  they  at  length  d«. 
covered  the  coast  of  Brazil  on  the  5th  of  April  it  being  brty-W" 
days  since  they  saw  land.     As  soon  as  the  people  on  shore  saw  the 
ships  they  made  large  fires  in  different  parts,  and  performed  cere- 
S;i  tJ  Trevail  on  the  gods  to  sink  the  vessels,  or  at  least  to 
prevent  thel  landing.     Sailing  southward  ^hey  anchored  in  fort 
&.  Julian,  whore  the  admiral  going  on  shore  with  six  «""».•<>»• 
of  the  nat  ves  slew  the  gunner,  whose  death  was  revenged  by  the 
commander,  who  killed^  the  murderer  with  his  own  hand     At 
this  place  Magellan  having  executed  one  of  h'^  c°mpany  who 
conspired  against  bis  life.l)rake  caused  one  of  the  crew  named 
Doujhty  tobetried   for  the  same  offence  agamst  himself;  and 

%Trh?o'StSVfX-t''tt;'fell  in  with  the.strait  of  Ma- 
geSn  whi'chJh^y ente^ed.'but  founds.,  1«" o^ntricate -n^ng. 
that  the  same  wind  which  was  sometimes  in  their  favor,  was  at 
otJes  against  them.  After  several  difficulties  they  entered  the 
South  Sei  on  the  6th  of  September,  and  on  the  next  day  a  v.oj 
lent  storm  drove  them  203  leagues  south  of  the  strau  where  they 
anchored  among  some  islands;  abounding  in  herbs  and  water 


f 

T 


\ 


Bel 

for 
car 
shi 
tio 
lay 

an< 
tat 
on 
qu 
at 
foi 
■hi 

tw 

sh 
wi 
le 
th 

w 


b 

tl 

0 

S 
I 

V 

i 

i 
t 
1 
I 
I 


'mmif--^ 


SIR  FRANCIS   DRAKE. 


21 


\ 


Being  now  arrived  at  the  other  mouth  of  the  strait,  tW  :"*"!*! 
for  the  coast  of  Chili.  On  their  course  they  met  an  !"<»'»"'«« 
canoe  who  informed  them  that  at  St.  Jago  there  was  a  large 
bWd  tad^n  for  Peru.  The  admiral  rewardeS  him  for  this  mforma- 
Sn  whereupon  he  conducted  them  to  the  place  where  the  «h.p 
av  kt  ancho?  There  were  only  eight  Spaniards  and  three  ne- 
l7oes  on  board,  who  mistaking  tLm  for  friends,  welccnned  them 
ind  invited  them  to  drink  Chili  wine.  Drake  accepted  the  invi- 
S?on  and  going  on  board,  put  them  under  hatches;  arriving 
on  shire  he  ?ifle§  the  town  and  chapel,  from  which  he  took  grea^ 

quantities  of  silver  and  gold  P'°««^'?g,*,Vaoii/on  shore 
At  the  nort  of  Tarapaxa,  where  some  of  them  going  on  snore 
found  aCniard  asle'ep,  'with  eighteen  bars  of  silver  laying  by 

•  his  side   which  they  took  without  waking. bim.  ..       /.      j 

EntSing  the  port  of  Lima  on  the  l3lh  of  February  they  found 
twdve  saU  of  ships  at  anchor  unguarded,  the  crews  being  all  on 
Bho  e  Exam  niJg  these  vessels  they  found  much  plate.  together 
wirrich  silks  an"d  linens,  which  they  took  away;  hut  ^^"g 
reamed  that  a  rich  ship  called  the  Cacafucgo  had  lately  sailed  froji 
S  harbor  for  Taili,  the  admiral  determined  to  follow  her. 
Havin"  come  up  with  the  chase,  they  gave  her  three  shots 
which  brought  awavthemizzen-mast.  whereupon  they  boarded  her. 
Tnd  found^thirleea  chests  full  of  rials  of  plate,  eighty  pounds 

I   weight  of  gold,  a  quantity  of  jewels;  and  twenty-six  tons  of  Mlver 

'°They  subsequently  took  several  other  rich  prizes,  and  Drake 
havingCw  revenged  himself  on  the  Spaniards,  began  to  think  of 
fhe  bfst  way  of  rfturning  to  England.     To  return  by  the  strait 
of  Magellan  would  be  to  throw  himself  into  the  hanos  of  the 
Soaniards-  he  therefore  determined  to  sail  westward  to  ti.o   Last 
InTes    and  return  by  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope.     But  ^v^nt.ng 
wind,  he  sailed  toward's  the  north,  and  in  38  degrees  N-  hUitude 
discovered  n  country,  which  from  its  white  cl.rts  he  called  ^ew 
Albion,  though  It  is  now  known  by  the  name  of  California.     He  e 
they  w;re  received  with  much  hospitality  by  the  natives,  and  the 
kiS  made  Drake  a  solemn  tender  of  his  whole  kmgdom.     Sad- 
iXnce,  they  saw  the  Ladrones  on  the  13th  of  October      rhe 
Smiral  h^ld  on  his  course  without  delay,  and  on  the  f^th  of  jNo- 
vember,  fell  in  with  the  Moluccas.    Having  arrived  at  a  little  island 
S  of  Celebes,  they  staid  twenty-six  days,  m  order  to  repair  he 
5^"ps      Setting  sail  hence,  they  ran  among  a  number  of  small  isl- 
3s  andthe  lind  shifting  about  suddenly,  drove  then,  upon  a  rock 
Jn  the  cvcnina  of  the  9th  of  January.  1579.  where  they  stuck  fast, 
Sn  four  intLe-aftcrnoon  of  the  next  day.  .  In  this  extremity  they 
ghtened  the  vessel,  bv  taking  out  ei^ht  pieces  of  ordnance  and 
thrcetons  of  cloves.     On  the  18th  of  June,  they  doubled  the  Cape 
of  Good  Hope,  and  on  the  22nd  of  July  arrived  at  S.erra  Leo.^. 
where  they  found  a  great  numbw  of  elephants.    They  staid 


^ 


.\ 


THE    BEACOX    LIGHT. 


here  two  days,  and  liolding  on  thcii- course  for  Plyninuth,  arrived 
there  on  Nonday,  the  2Ctn  of  Scptemhir,  1580;  but  according  to 
their  own  reckoning,  on  Sunday  tho  'Jjtii,  liaving  gone  round  the 
world  ii)  two  years,  ten  moiths,  and  a  few  days.  The  honor  of 
knighthood  was  conferred  en  Drake,  and  a  cliiiir  was  made  from 
bis  ship  which  is  still  shown  as  a  curiosity  at  Oxford 


F 


THE  BEACON-LIGHT. 

Darknes.<5  was^deep'ning  o'er  the  seas, 

And  still  the  hulk  drove  on; 
No  sail  to  answer  to  the  breeze, 

Her  masts  and  cordage  gone: 
Gloomy  and  drear  her  course  of  fear, 

Each  looked  but  for  a  grave, 
When  full  in  sight,  the  Beacon-light 

Came  ctrcaming  o'er  the  wave! 

Then  wildly  rose  thegladd'ning  shout 

Of  all  that  hardy  crew — 
Boldly  they  put  :  ho  helm  about, 

And  througli  t.ie  surf  they  flew; 
Storm  was  forgot,  toil  heeded  not. 

And  loud  the  cheer  they  gave, 
As  full  in  sight,  the  Beacon-light 

Came  streaming  o'er  the  wave! 

And  gaily  oA  the  tale  they  told, 

When  they  were  safe  on  shore, 
How  hearts  had  sunk,  and  hope  grown  eoM 

Amid  the  billows'  roar; 
That  not  a  star  had  shone  afar. 

By  its  pale  beam  to  save, 
When  full  in  sight,  the  Beacon-light, 

Came  streaming  o'er  the  wave! 


/ 


V 


rived 
ng  to 
dthe 
or  of 
from 


THE  SFAMSU  WSECS. 


THE  SPANISH  WRECK.       ^ 

About  the  vear  1683.  Sir  William  Phip«,  afterward  .  celebrated 
for  hid  attempts  to  take  Quebec,  in  1690,   :-phedto  i  .,e  Lnglish 
Government  for  aid  and  permission  to  fit  out  a  suitable,  vesse   fnr 
th(!  purpose  of  searching  for  the  wreck  of  a  Spanish  sihip  which 
iu„l  been  lost  near  one  of  the  West  Lidia  Islands,  rich  \y  laden 
with  silver.     His  request,  after  some  delay,  was  granted  an^  j  a  ing- 
ate  called  Airier  Rose,  carrying  eighteen  guns  and  maim^od  with 
ninety  five  m^en,  was  placed  under  his  command.     He  arri  ved  in 
New'Kngland  the  same  year  and  proceeded  forthwith  to  the,  place 
where  the  treasure  was  reported  to  have  been  lost.     Hs  eac  «"n- 
tered  manvditficultiesia  his  voyage  and  came  nigii,  more  than  once 
losinr  hh  lilc  by  the  mutinv  of  his  crew.     It  is  reported  of  him  that 
while  his  ship  lay  by  an  island^  for  the  purpose  of  enabling  his  men 
to  take  on  board  a  fresh  supply  of  wood  and  water,  they  agreed 
among  themselves  to  take  the  ship  into  their  own  hands,  and  tnake 
a  piratical   expedition  into  the  South  Seas,      f  hey  were   all  on 
the  island  with  the  ercception  of  Captain  Phips  and  eighv  or  ten 
of  the  crew.     Among  these  was  the  carpemcr,  whose  service* 
they  could  not  well  dispense  with,  and  they  accordingly  sent  to 
the  ship,  requesting  him  to  come  to  them,  as  they  had  something 
for  him  to  do.     ^o  sooner  had  he  come  among  them,  than  they 
disclosed  to  him  the  cruel  project,  which  was  to  set  the  Captain, 
and  tho  above  named  eight  or  ten  men  upon  the  island,  and  then 
leave  them  to  perish,  while  they  would  take  the  ship  into  thoir 
own  hands  and  perform  the  proposed  voyage.     They  gave  the 
carpenter  half  an  hour  to  consider  of  the  subject,  whtther  .19 
would  join  with  them  or  not,  and  sent  him  back  accompanied  by 
a  seaman  to  prevent  any  interview  between  him  and  the  Captain, 
by  which  a  disclosure  could  be  made.     While  at  work  on  the  ship, 
iie  suddcnlv  feigned  an  attack  of  the  cholic,  and  rushed  into  the 
cabin  for  the  purpose  of  obtaining  relief,  and  while  there,  gave  the 
Captain  an  account  of  the  determination  of  his  crew.     He  direct- 
ed the  carpenter  to  return  upon  the  island,  and  give  his  consent 
to  ioin  the  conspiracy.  .         ,       ,  .. 

When  the  carpenter  had  left  the  ship,  the  Captain  ordered  the 
men  on  beard,  to  prepare  the  pieces  for  action,  removed  the  plank 
by  which  a  landing  had  been  effected,  and  ordered  them  not  to 
permit  any  one  of  those,  save  the  carpenter,  to  approach  the  ship. 
A  quantity  of  provisions  had  been  carried  on  shore  and  covered 
with  a  tent,  and  two  or  three  guns  placed  near  to  protect  them 
from  the  Spaniards  who  might  be  passing  that  way:  these  guns 
were  all  charged,  ready  to  be  made  use  of  in  the  event  of  an  at- 
tack from  the  conspirators.  The  disaffected  part  of  the  crew  no«r 
returned  to  the  ship  for  the  purpose  of  executing  their  plana. 


ir 


„-..,^...».,.,..a^-am«.»w»~ra=ieMS-1^^ 


f 


I 


i 


>» 


34 


THE   SFANISH  trSECK. 


No  sooner  had  th-ey  come  in  sight,  than  the  captHin  ordered  (hem 
nut  to  approach,  saying  tc  them  that  their  intentions  had  been 
discovered,  and  tliat*th^y  were  to  be  left  upon  the  island,  there  to 
remain  and  p'drish.  Seeing  how  hopeless  their  condition  wm 
become,  they  gathered  courage  from  despair,  and  resolved  to 
rescue  the  "provisit^  from  the  ship,  and  began  to  make  a  bold 
push.  As  lioon  as  they  began  to  approach,  the  captain  in  a  res- 
olute manner,  cried  out,  "stand  off,  ye  wretches,  at  your  peril!" 
— They  quietly  relinquished  their  determination  to  attack,  and 
fell  upon  their  knees,  imploring  pardon,  and  offered  to  comply 
with  any  disposal  he  might  make  of  them,  provided  he  would  re- 
ceive them  on  board.  After  having  kept  them  on  their  knees 
long  enough,  he  granted  their  petition  and  received  them  into 
the  .,nip,  and  sailed  immediately  for  the  island  of  Jamaica,  titer* 
put  them  on  shore,  and  employed  other  seamen  in  their  place. 

He  now  commenced  an  examination  for  the  wreck,  and  after 
spending  a  long  time  in  an  almost  fruitless  search,  sailed  for  Eng- 
land. By  the  advice,  however,  of  an  old  Spaniard,  he  had  satisfi- 
ed himself  of  the  prospect  of  succeeding  in  accomplishing  his  ob- 
ject, and  determined  to  return  again  and  prosecute  his  plan.  His 
crew  being  composed  of  strangers,  made  him  think  it  advisable  to 
change  them  for  others  in  whom  he  could  have  greater  confidcnco 
ui  the  event  his  labors  should  be  crowned  with  success. 

On  his  return  to  England,  his  conduct  gained  the  royal  appro* 
>blttion,  and  the  applause  of  the  nobles,  and  many  distinguished 
men  encouraged  him  to  engage  in  a  second  expedition  and  under 
more  favorable  and  promising  circumstances. 

His  projeot  was  opposed,  however,  by  many  powerful  enemies: 
but,  promoted  by  the  proverb,  he  who  can  wait,  halh  what  he  de 
tireik,  he  overcame  every  obstacle  and  disappointment,  and,  under 
the  patronage  of  the  Duke  of  Albemarle,  had  a  new  ship  fitted 
out  with  a  more -honest  crew,  furnished  with  instruments  and  c<-»n- 
vcniences  suited  to  the  nature  of  the  expedition.  Arriving  at 
Port  de  la  Plata,  he  made  a  large  canoe  from  the  cotton  tree  suf^ 
ficient  to  carry  eight  men,  and  with  the  old  Spaniard  for  a  guide, 
again  commenced  examination  for  the  wreck.  There  Miey  float- 
ed about,  fishing  for  their  treasure  among  dangerous  reefs  and 
shoals  tor  many  weeks  without  success.  So  fruitless  was  the 
search  that  more  than  once  had  he,  as  well  as  his  men,  determin- 
ed to  abandon  the  work.  At  length,  when  returning  to  the  ship, 
discouraged  by  repeated  disappointment,  and  the  hopelessness  of 
a  successful  issue  of  the  project,  one  of  the  men  looking  Into  the 
water  discovered  a  feather,  as  he  thought,  growing  out  of  a  rock. 
Thinking  that  they  would  not  go  back  to  the  Captain  without 
something  to  present  hira,  they  ordered  an  Indian  to  dive  down 
and  bring  it  up,  which  having  done,  he  gave  an  account  of  many 
large  guns  which  he  saw  in  nis  descent.  The  diver  again  wont 
down,  and.  to  the  joy  and  nsteaiihincnt  of  the  men,  returned  with 


THC   SPANISH   WRECK. 


26 


d  them 
i  been 
here  to 
>n  WM 
vcd  to 
a  bold 

a  rea- 
peril!" 
:k,  and 
comply 
Lild  re- 

knees 
m  into 
.,  titer* 
lace, 
d  after 
ir  Eng- 
sntisH- 
hifl  ob- 
.  His 
nhle  to 
Fidcnco 

appro- 
;uishcd 
I  under 

emiua: 
he  de 
,  under 
p  fitted 
td  c--»n- 
ing  at 
eo  BuF* 
guide, 
Y  float- 
ifs  and 
as  the 
erniin- 
e  ship, 
lesa  of 
ito  the 
n  rock, 
vithnut 
I  down 
r  many 
n  went 
Bdwith 


a  sme  or  lump  of  silver,  which  turned  out  to  be  worth  from  ton  to 
twelve  hundred  dollars.  They  buoyed  the  pJdce  and  returned  to 
the  Captain  oveijoyed  with  their  good  fortune,  as  it  was  well  known 
that  the  wreck  was  one  of  the  ships  belonging  to  the  king  of  Spain, 
which  had  been  lost  on  a  returning  voyage  from  South  America 
richly  laden  with  silver  bullion.  The  loss  of4he  ship  is  supposed 
»o  have  happened  about  the  year  1637,  and  the  immense  treasures 
which  were  reported  to  have  been  sunk  with  her  were  often  made 
the  subject  of  ingenious  speculation,  and  many  had  sunk  their 
own  fortunes  and  efforts  to  find  it.  It  was  reserved,  however,  in 
the  silent  depths,  that  Capt.  Phips  might  be  the  fortunate  finder  of 
it  at  so  late  a  period  at\er  its  loss.  He  now  found  in  the  bullion 
brought  to  him  full  assurance  that  destiny  liad  allotted  to  him  to  suck 
of  Ihe  abundance  of  the  seas  and  of  treastirea  hid  tn  the  sand. 

Having  prepared  his  instruments  for  fishing  up  the  contents  of 
the  wreck,  all  hands  were  now  busily  employed  in  the  work,  and 
in   a  short  time  they  succeeded  in  procuring  the   astonishing 
amount  of  thitiytwo  tons  of  silver.     In  addition  to  this  Captain 
Adderly,  an  adventurer  from  Providence,  and  particular  friend  of 
Captain  Phips,  obtained  six  tons  more  from  the  same  wreck  at  the 
same  time.     It  was  by  an  agreement  that  Adderly  met  Phips  at 
the  place  of  the  wreck  with  a  small  vessel.     He  was  so  oveijoyed 
with  the  extent  of  his  riches  and  so  elated  at  such  unlooked  for 
acquisitions,  that  he  lived  but  a  little  while  to  enjoy  them.     It 
is  said  that  he  went  to  the  island  of  Bermudas  where  he  became 
insane  and  died  about  two  years  after  the  six  tons  of  silver  came 
into  his  hands.     Phips,  however,  made  a  more  profitable  account 
of  the  expedition,  and  lived  to  enjoy  the  proceeds  ol  it  without 
prejudice  to  his  health  or  destruction  of  his  mind.     In  a  few  weeks 
after  leaving  the  wreck,  he  arrived  safe  in  London,  in  1687,  with  a 
cargo  valued  at  near  fifteen  hundred  thousand  dollars.     He 
made  an  honest  distribution  of  it  among  those  who  aided  him  m 
fitting  him  out  with  a  vessel  and  proper  conveniences,  and  receiv  • 
ed  about  seventy-five  thousand  dollars  for  his  share  of  the  profit ,. 
The  Duke  of  Albemarle,  out  of  respect  to  his  honesty  and  fide  i- 
ty,  presented  his  wife,  who  was  then  in  New  England,  u  gold  c  jp 
worth  "near  a  thousand  pounds."  And  King  James  as  a  reward 
for  his  important  services  in  bringing  such   amount  of  propeity 
into  the  country  conferred  on  him  the  honor  of  Knighthood. 

Sir  William  Phips  was  born  Febuary  2,  1650,  at  a  despicable 
plantation  on  the  river  Kennebeck.  He  removed  to  Boston  w-here 
he  married  a  daughter  of  Roger  Spencer,  and  pursued  the  busi- 
ness of  a  smith,  which  was  the  occupation  of  his  lat.icr.  It  is 
said  that  he  frequeutly  promised  his  wife  that  he  would  one  day 
command  a  King's  ship  and  be  the  owner  of  a  fan'  brick  house  tn 
the  Oreen  lane  of  JVbWA  Boston,  all  which  proved  true,  for  after 
the  discovery  of  the  wreck,  he  returned  into  New  England,  in 
the  summer  of  the  year  1688,  "able  after  five  year's  absence,  to 


mtmmmmtttmMbmfftn" 


rn 


MiflMrtBin  his  lady  with  some  Bceomplishment  of  his  predictioiu: 
mad  then  built  hinneir  a  fair  house  in  the  very  i  lace  which  he 
Itoetold." 

Sir  William  Phips  was  industrious,  courageous,  and  persevering: 
^ria  principal  fault  was,  occasionally  indulging  his  temper.  This 
^Kng  he  did  not  overcome  until  late  in  life.  It  is  this  day  said  by 
the  very  aged  people  living  at  the  north  part  of  Boston,  where  he 
tended,  that  when  he  was  governor  of  Massachusetts,  he  had  a 

ailarrel  with  a  truckman,  at  which  time  he  was  in  so  great  a  passion, 
lat  he  threw  off  his  coat  and  dared  the  man  to  fight.     After  this, 
trowerer,  he  became  very  serious  and  devout,  when  ho  joined  the 
-'C^rch,  made  a  written  acknowledgement  of  his  past  errors,  and  in 
'tenm  of  deep  humility,  gave  evidence  of  a  pious  mind. 

Phips  was  made  "Captain  General  and  Commander-in-Chief 
«f  Mawachusetts  Bay,"  in  1690. 

The  Brick  House  which  he  built  stands  in  Salem  Street,  and  it 
lBproY«d  as  an  asylum  for  orphan  boys. 


i 


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voy 
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169 
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and 
exp 
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ficu 
Eas 
war 
the 


DAMPIER. 

Ifmiiam  Dampier  was  born  in  Somersetshire,  England,  in  the 

year  1662.     He  lost  both  his  parents  when  very  young,  and  was 

Mboond  apprentice  to  the  master  of  a  ship  at   Weymouth,  with 

-^hom  he  made  a  voyage  to  France  and  another  to  New  England. 

In  1673,  he  served  in  the  Dutch  war,  and  was  afterwards  an  over- 

•  iwr  to  a  plantation  in  Jamaica.     He  next  visited  the  bay  of  Cam- 

Machy  as  a  logwood  cutter,  and,  after  once  more  visiting  England, 

engaged  in  a  band  of  Buccaneers,  as  they  called  themselves,  al- 

tliongh  in  reality  pirates,  with  whom  he  roved  on  the  Peruvian 

eoatts.     He  next  visited  Virginia,  and  engaged  in  an  expedition 

"•gainst  the  Spanish  settlements  in  the  South  Seas.     They  accor- 

I'Sigly  sailed  in  August,  1683,  and,  after  taking  several  prizes  on 

■-*e  coasts  of  Peru  and  Chili,  the  party  experienced  various  fortune 

<  but  no  very  signal  success.     Dampier,  wishing  to  obtain  some 

knowledge  of  the  northen  coast  of  Mexico,  joined  the  crew  of  a 

'Captain  Swan,  who  cruised  in  the  hopes  of  meeting  the  annual 

'■  *oyal  Manilla  ship,  which,  however,  escaped  them.     Swan  and 

'Dampier  were  resolved  to  steer  for  the  East  Ind.es,  and  they 

^'•eeordingly  sailed  to  the  Piscadores,  to  Bouton  island,  to  New 

t^olland  and  to  Nicobar,  where  Dampier  and  others  wero  loft 

*^uhore  to  recover  their  health.    Their  numbers  gave  them  hopes 

"^  baing  able  to  navigate  a  canoe  to  Achin,  in  which  they  suc- 

^Wtdad,  after  encotmtering  a  tremendous  storm,  which  threatened 

-"^^llMVi  irhh  unaToidabla  dtvlruetion.    After  making  sevaral  trading 


-4- 


i»(  I* 


t 


S 
any 
com 
eral 
mil 
opp 

that 

fusil 

the 

on  I 

one 

one 

the 

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are 

c 

whc 
wit! 
and 
full 
mor 
—•] 
•itc 
ast 
dre^ 


■ .  .  1 


.  —jiAfi^ 


ctioiu: 
ich  he 

vering: 
This 
said  by 
lere  he 
I  had  a 
tassinn, 
er  this, 
led  the 
,  and  in 

fChief 

:,  and  is 


,  in  the 
ind  was 
;h,  with 
Ingland. 
m  over- 
ofCam- 
Inglaud, 
Ives,  al- 
'eruvian 
pcdition 
Y  accor- 
rizes  on 
I  fortune 
in  some 
•ew  of  a 
;  annual 
van  and 
ind  they 
to  New 
irero  left 
m  hopes 
hey  8UC- 
reatened 
tradiog 


i 


•4^ 


^- 


▲  MAN  OTIRBOABD. 


ST 


voyages  with  a  Captain  Weldon,  Dampier  entered,  as  a  gunner,  the 
English  factory  at  Bencoolen.  Upon  this  coast  he  remained  until 
1691,  when  he  found  means  to  return  home,  and,  being  in  want 
of  money,  sold  his  property  in  a  curiously  painted  or  tattoed  Indian 
prince,  wno  was  shown  as  a  curiosity,  and  who  ultimately  died 
of  the  small  pox  at  Oxford.  Dampier  is'  next  heard  of  as  a 
commander,  in  the  king's  service,  of  a  sloop  of  war  of  twelve  guns 
and  fifty  men,  probably  fitted  out  for  a  voyage  of  discovery.  After 
experiencing  a  variety  of  adventures  with  a  discontented  crew, 
this  vessel  foundered  off  the  Isle  of  Ascension,  his  men  with  dif- 
ficulty reaching  land.  They  were  released  from  this  island  by  an 
East  India  ship,  in  which  Dampier  came  to  England.  He  after- 
wards commanded  a  ship  in  the  South  Seas,  and  accompanied 
the  expedition  of  Captain  Woodes  Rogers  aa  pilot. 


A  MAN  OVERBOARD. 

Sailors  are  men  of  rough  habits,  but  their  feelings  are  not  by 
any  means  so  coarse ;  if  they  possess  little  prudence  or  worldly 
consideration,  they  are  likewise  very  free  from  selfishness ;  gen- 
erally speaking,  too,  they  are  much  attached  to  one  another,  and 
Avill  make  great  sacrifices  to  their  messmates  or  shipmates  when 
opportunities  occur. 

I  remember  once,  when  crusing  off  Terceira  in  the  Endymion, 
that  a  man  fell  overboard  and  was  drowned.  After  the  usual  con- 
fusion, and  long  search  in  vain,  the  boats  were  hoisted  up,  and 
the  hands  called  to  make  sail.  I  was  officer  of  the  forecastle  and 
on  looking  about  to  see  if  all  the  men  were  at  their  station,  missed 
one  of  the  foretop  men.  Just  at  that  moment  I  observed  some 
one  curled  up,  and  apparently  hiding  himself  under  the  bow  of 
the  barge,  between  the  boat  and  the  booms.  'Hillo!'  I  said, 
•who  are  you?  What  are  you  doing  there,  you  skulker?  Why 
are  you  not  at  your  station?' 

'  I  am  not  skulking,  sir,'  said  the  poor  fellow,  the  furrows  in 
whose  bronzed  and  weatherbeaten  cheek  wdTe  running  down 
with  tears.  The  man  we  had  just  lost  had  been  his  messmate 
and  friend,  he  told  me,  for  ten  years.  I  begged  his  pardon,  in 
full  sincerity,  for  having  used  such  harsh  words  to  him  at  such  a 
moment,  and  bid  him  go  below  to  his  birth  for  the  rest  Sf  the  day. 
---•Never  mind,  sir,  never  mind,'  said  the  kind  hearted  seaman, 
'it  can't  be  helped .  You  meant  no  harm,  sir.  I  am  as  well  on  deck 
as  below.  Bill's  gone  sir,  but  I  mustdo  my  duty.'  So  saying,  he 
dr«w  thq  aleeve  ofhia  jacket  twice  or  thrice  acroas  bis  eyes,  and 


■iiillHililii 


?"i.r.''WJ" 


(|: 


t^ ' 


fl  A   MAN   OVtRBOARD. 

muBtcring  his  griefwithin  his  breast,  walked  to  his  station  as  i^ 

nothing  nad  happened.  ,  ..        .u  i 

In  the  same  ship  and  nearly  about  the  same  time,  the  people 
were  bathing  along  side  in  a  calm  at  sea.     It  is  customary  on  such 
occasions  to  spread  a  studding-sail  on  the  water,  by  means  of 
lines  from  the  fore  and  main  yard  arms,  for  the  use  of  those  who 
either  cannot  swim,  or  who  are  not  expert  in  this  art,  so  very 
important  to  all  seafaring  people.     Half  a  dozen  of  the  ship  s  boys 
were  floundering  about  in  the  sails,  and  sometimes  even  venturing 
beyond  the  leech  rope.     One  of  the  least  of  these  urchins,  but 
not  the  least  courageous  of  their  number,  when  taunted  by  his 
more  skilful  companions  with  being  afraid,  struck  out  boldly  be- 
yond the  prescribed  bounds.     He  had  not  gone  much  farther  than 
his  own  length,  however,  along  the  surface  of  the  fathomless  sea, 
when  his  heart  failed  him,  poor  little  man;  and  long  with  his  con- 
fidence away  also  went  his  power  of  keeping  his  head  above  the 
water      So  down  he  sank  rapidly,  to  the  speechless  horror  of  the 
other  boys,  who  of  course,  could  lend  the  drowning  child  no  help. 
The  captain  of  the  forecastle,  a  tall,  lUie-looking,  hard-a-weath- 
er  fellow   was  standing  on  the  shank  of  the  sheet  anchor  with 
his  arms  across,  and  his  well  varnished  canvass  hat  drawn  so 
much  over  his  eyes  that  it  was  difficult  to  tell  whether  he  was 
awake  or  merely  dozing  in  the  sun,  as  he  leaned  his  back  against 
the  fore-topmast  backsttgr.     The  seaman,  however,  had  been  at- 
tentively watching  the  young  party  all  the  time,  and  rather  fear- 
ine  that  mischief  might  ensue  from  their  rashness,  he  had  grunted 
out  a  warning  to  them  from  time  to  time,  to  which  they  paid  no 
sort  of  attention.     At  last  he  desisted,  saying  they  might  drown 
themselves  if  they  had  a  mind,  for  never  a  bit  would  he  help 
them;  but  no  sooner  did  the  sinking  figure  of  the  adventurous 
little  boy  catch  his  eye,  than,  diver  fashion,  he  joined  the  mlms  of 
his  hands  over  his  hend,  inverted  his  position  in  one  instant,  and 
urging  himself  Into  swifter  motion  by  a  smart  push  with  his  feet 
against  the  anchor,  cbot  head  foremost  into  the  water.     The  poor 
lad  sunk  so  rapidly  that  he  was  at  least  a  couple  of  fathoms  under 
the  surface  before  he  was  arrested  by  the  grip  of  the  sailor,  who 
soon  rose  npain,  bearing  the  bewildered  boy  in  his  hand,  and  cali- 
ins  to  the  other  youngsters  to  take  better  care  of  their  companion, 
chucked  him  right  into  the  belly  of  the  sail  in  the  midst  of  the 
party      The  fbre-sheet  was  hanging  in  the  calm,  nearly  into  the 
water,  nnd  by  it  the  dripping  seaman  scrambled  up  again  to  his 
old  birth  on  the  anchor,  shook  himself  like  a  great  Newfoundland 
dog,  and  j^en  jumping  on  the  deck,  proceeded  across  the  forecastle 

to  shift  himself.  ,  .     .u  •       ^<i;.«. 

At  the  top  of  the  ladder  he  was  stopped  by  the  marine  olhcer, 
who  had  wit»iessed  the  whole  transaction,  as  he  sat  across  the 
gangway  hammocks,  watching  the  swimmers,  and  trying  to  get 
hit  own  r  eiwprvt  to  undergo  the  labor  of  undressing.  Said  the  •oWier 


i 


■^ 


wmui-Vi-lM 


ion 


as  i^ 


>e  people 
Y  on  such 
ne&ns  of 
hose  who 
,  so  very 
lip's  boys 
venturing 
thins,  but 
ed  by  his 
boldly  be- 
rther  than 
mless  sea, 
h  his  con- 
above  the 
rror  of  the 
Id  no  help, 
i-a-weath- 
(ichor  with 

drawn  so 
er  he  was 
ick  against 
d  been  at- 
ather  fear- 
ad  grunted 
ley  paid  no 
ight  drown 
Id  he  help 
dventurous 
he  lalms  of 
nstunt,  and 
rith  his  feet 
The  poor 
horns  under 

sailor,  who 
id,  and  call- 
companion, 
nidst  of  the 
irly  into  the 
again  to  his 
iwfoundland 
ie  forecastle 

rine  officer, 
t  across  the 
rying  to  get 
idthesoldier 


1 


CATtklV  WOOOKS  B00B&8. 


29 


to  the  sailor  "  That  was  very  well  done  of  you,  my  man,  and  right 
well  deserves  a  glass  of  grog.  Say  so  to  the  gun-room  steward 
as  you  pass;  and  tell  him  it  is  my  orders  to  fill  you  out  a  stiff  noi- 
wester.''  The  soldier's  offer  was  kindly  meant,  but  rather  clumsily 
timid,  at  least  so  thought  Jack:  for  though  he  incHned  his  head  in 
acknowledgment  of  the  attention,  and  instinctively  touched  his  hat 
when  spoken  to  by  an  officer,  he  made  no  reply  till  out  of  the 
marine's  hearing,  when  he  laughed,  or  rather  chuckled  out  to  the 
people  near  him,  "  Does  the  good  gentleman  suppose  I  11  take 
a  glass  of  grog  for  saving  a  boy's  life." — Capt.  Hall 


CAPTAIN  WOODES  ROGERS, 

This  voyage  was  undertaken  chiefly  by  the  merchants  of  Bristol. 
Captain  Woodes  Rogers  was  appointed  commander  in  chief,  and 
William  Dampier  first  pilot  of  the  expedition.     They  sailed  from 
King-road,  Bristol,  on  the  1st  of  August,  1708,  their  force  con- 
sisting of  the  Duke,  a  ship  of  three  hundred  tons  burden,  thirty  guns, 
and  one  hundred  and  seventy  men,  commanded  by  Rogers;  and  the 
Duchess  of  two  hundred  and  seventy  tons,  twerity-six  guns,  and  one 
hundred  and  fifty-one  men,  under  the  command  of  captain  Courtney. 
They  entered  the  harbor  of  Cork  on  the  6th  of  August,  where 
they  enlisted  a  number  of  seamen  in  the  room  of  about  forty  fel- 
lows who  had  ran  away.     They  set  sail  on  the  1st  of  September, 
with  a  very  mixed  crew,  and  on  the  morning  of  the  lOth  discover- 
ed a  sail,  to  which  they  immediately  gave  chase.     On  conimg  up 
with  her  she  proved  to  be  a  Swedish  ship,  and  was  permitted  to 
proceed  unmolested  on  her  way.     During  the  time  the  shin  was 
u  custody,  a  design  had  been  privately  formed  on  board  the  Duke, 
by  four  inferior  officers,  to  make  a  prize  of  her;  and  when  they 
found  she  was  given  up,  they  began  to  mutiny;  but  the  boatsman, 
being  displaced,  and,  with  ten  others,  put  in  irons   and  a  severe 
whipping  given  to  some  of  the  leaders  of  the  disturbance,  all  was 
quiet  again.     On  the  14th,  however,  some  of  the  ship  s  company, 
headed  by  a  daring  fellow,  came  up  to  captain  Rogers  at  th«} 
steerage-door,  and  demanded  the  boatswain  out  of  irons.     Ihe 
captdS  gave  them  good  words,  and  having  taken  the  ringleader,  as 
if  to  speak  with  him  on  the  quarter-dock,  had  him  suddenly  seized 
by  the  help  of  the  officers,  and  lashed  by  one  of  his  own  followers. 
On  the  16th  the  captain  released  the  prisoners  from  grons  on  their 
acknowledging  their  sorrow  for  what  they  had  done. 

On  the  nth,  gained  sight  of  the  peak  of  Tenenffe,  and  the 
next  day  took  a  Spanish  bark  of  twenty-five  tons.  On  the  26th 
of  September  passed  the  tropic,  when  about  sixty  of  the  crew,  wbo 


■MK 


rf/T 


m 


ao 


C  ATT  AIM  WOODBS  BOOBBa. 


had  never  been  this  course  before,  were  ducked  three  time*, 
by  hoisting  them  up  halfway  the  main-yard,  with  a  rope  to  which 
they  were  made  fast,  and  sousing  them  into  the  water.  Alter 
visitinc  the  Cape  de  Verd  islands,  where  they  took  m  water  and 
provisions,  the  ships  again  set  sail  on  the  8th  of  October,  m  the 
evening.  On  the  14th,  they  came  within  sight  of  Brazil,  and  soon 
after  came  to  anchor  before  the  Uland  of  Grande,  in  eleven  fath- 
oms water.  Wliile  they  lay  here  another  quarrel  arose  on  board 
the  Duchess,  and  eight  of  the  ringleaders  were  put  in  irons.  Un 
the  25th,  two  men  deserted  and  made  their  escape  into  the  woods; 
but.  in  the  night,  were  so  terrified  by  the  noise  made  by  the  baboons 
and  monkeys,  that  they  ran  back,  plunged  into  the  water,  and  pray- 
ed to  be  taken  on  board  again 


PMk  of  TaMriffe. 

The  ships  sailed  out  of  the  bay  of  Grande  on  the  first  of  De 
eember,  steering  for  Juan  Fernandez,  and  on  the  5th  of  January, 
encountered  a  violent  storm,  wh'ch  drove  such  a  quantity  of 
water  into  the  Duchess,  that  they  exptcted  she  would  rmk  every 
moment.  As  the  men  were  going  to  supper  about  nine  o  clock 
at  night,  she  shipped  a  sea  at  the  poop,  which  beat  in  the  bulk- 
head and  all  the  cabin  windows.  On  deck  the  yawl  was  staved  in 
pieces  and  one  or  two  of  the  men  severely  hurt.  On  the  17th, 
took  an  observation,  by  which  they  found  they  had  got  round 
Cape  Horn  and  were  to  the  northward  of  Cape  Victoria.  About 
this  time  the  scurvy  began  to  make  great  havoc  among  the  crew^ 
They  now  bore  away  for  the  island  of  Juan  Fernandez,  which 
appeared  in  tight  on  the  last  day  of  January.  On  going  on  ■hore 
hme  they  diioovered  a  man  clothed  in  goat-ikina.  whoae  nune 


i 


(i^ 


'■4**«-"< 


s^ 


L 


STORY  Of  ALUUXDlft  ISUtlBX. 


•H 


WM  Alexander  Selkirk.  His  "tory  will  be  found  at  the  end  ^ 
this  narrative.  They  remained  at  this  island  till  the  Hth  oO^ 
February,  having  fully  refreshed  themselves,  when  they  weiglM« 
anchor,  with  a  fair  gale  at  south-east.  .      ««j    r  a     -i 

After  taking  a  number  of  valuable  prizes,  on  the  23d  ot  Apni, 
captain  Rogers  with  some  of  his  men  made  a  descent  in  boats  ana. 
barks  upon  the  town  of  Guiaquil,  which  they  took  with  but  litUe 
resistance  and  plundered  of  great  quantities  of  money,  jewels,  and 
provisions.     He  then  marched  out  of  the  town,  and  returned  on 
board  his  own  ship,  where  he  was  heartily  greeted  by  those  of  hM 
people  whom  he  had  left  behind.     They  afterwards  obtained  ». 
considerable  sum  as  a  ransom  for  the  town,  and  bore  away  for  the, 
Gallapagos  islands,  with  a  strong  gale  at  S.  S.  W. ;  discovered  lanl 
on  the  17th  of  May,  but  found  it  barren  and  destitute  of  water. 
Continuing  on  their  voyage,  they  took  several  rich  prizes,  yisite* 
Gorgona  and  the  Gallapagos,  and  sailing  for  the  East  Ind»e«  ar- 
rived at  the  islands  of  Serpanj.  and  Guam.     They  left  the  latter 
place  on  the  21et  of  March,  and  on  the  25th  of  May,  made  Bou- 
ton      They  sailed  from  this  island  on  the  8th  of  June,  and  on  the 
23d  of  July,  they  hove  down  upon  Horn  Island  to  careen  their 
vessels.     Having  supplied  themselves  with  such  necessaries  •« 
they  wanted,  they  left  Batavia  on  the  12th  of  October,  and  sailed 
for  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope. 

They  came  to  anchor  in  the  Cape- harbor,  on  the  28th  ot  De- 
cember. The  English  saluted  the  Dutch  fort  with  nine  guns; 
which  compliment  was  returned  with  seven.  At  this  P>*ce  the* 
waited  for  the  convoy  of  the  Dutch  fleet  till  April,  on  the  6th  ^, 
which  month  the  Dutch  admiral  hoisted  a  blue  flag,  and  loosed  We 
fore-top-sail,  as  a  signal  to  unmoor;  and  the  next  day  the  whoJ#. 
fleet  s£ed  with  a  Hesh  breeze  at  S.  S.  E.  On  the  23d  of  Jnljr, 
they  arrived  in  the  Texel,  and  sailing  hence  with  seven  prae» 
came  to  the  moorings  in  the  Downs  on  the  2d  of  October,  1711 


STORY  OF  ALEXANDER  SELKIRK. 

Mr.  Selkirk,  whose  adventures  gave  rise  to  the  celebr^d  stery 
of  Robinson  Crusoe,  was  a  native  of  Scotland,  and  bred  a  sMlWf 
from  his  youth.  He  was  left  on  the  island  of  Juan  Femandes, 
on  account  of  a  difference  between  him  and  his  captain,  which, 
together  with  the  ship's  bein^  leaky,  made  him  at  first  willing  t» 
stay  there;  but  afterwards  wishinff  to  go  on  board,  the  capt»i» 
would  not  receive  him.  Selkirk  had  with  him  his  clothes  en« 
bedding,  also  a  firelock,  a  little  powder,  some  buUeU  and  tobeeoot 
a  hatohet,  a  kettle,  a  knife,  a  bible,  and  a  few  mathemtticel  i»» 


v., 
f 


92  ITORT  Of  AttXANBl*  VUXOX. 

he  killed  v.ith  lu3  gun,  as  he  wanted,  !^  '°"6      ^  ^     by  rub- 
Mhich  there  was  but  a  pound,  lasted     u^AneT 

he  feared,  ho  should  ever  beapun.  ,4  ^i„  both 

large  as  our  lobsters      Of  the  goajsfle^^^  ^^^.^^^  j^^ 

ed   them  on  the  car,  let  them  go  usam.    Jj^f"  T 

"a^  r.ad%?e"„::'e'rhSr;cfr»«.a  iji-vf 

.ometL.e.»Uh  cuUioB  hi.  »«n.  on  "•«"««■• '«g'f;'Ji\'S 
the^rZ    He  likewise  tamed  some  kids;  and.  to  divert  himself 


i 


A  > 


-^ 


8T0RT    OF  AtBXA:<DE»  SBtKlRK. 


9S 


swell 
lelan 
1  such 
vered 
which 
er,  of 
y  rub- 
other, 
ployed 
better 
than, 


a  both 
I.     He 
ir  want 
and  as 
t  broth, 
lich  he 
jr  inark- 
]er  was 
ursuing 
1  it  with 
nk  of  a 
ealed  it 
ecipice, 
the  fall, 
ivhen  he 
He  was 
ich  was 

I  in  less 
liout  salt 
in  sowed 
ad  some 

II  as  his 
became 

himself 
with  the 
08  at  first 
ers,  from 
there  for 
I  slept,  so 
Uso  bred 
se  he  fed 
ame,  that 
I  him  from 
t  himaelf 


would  f.e<,ue„tly  ^^ng  an<i  dance  with  t^^^^^^  ^^:  Z^^ 
he  at  length  overcame  all  ^he  wear,?were  worn  out  he  made  a 
camo  quite  easy.  ^^^"^''J^ed  together  with  little  thongs  of 
coat  and  a  cap  of  goat  s  sk  n  f  ^J^^J  f°g  y^  ^ad  no  other  needle 
the  same,  which  ^e  cut  with J^s  kmle.  ^^^  ^^  ^^^^ 
than  a  nail,  and  when  hi9  knile  was  .  ^^j^^^.,, 

'r,.rhroCorw;nr»SUr. »....>«  on  »..»  H. 

was  found.  .  ,      ,  r.       years  and  four  months,  when 

Selkirk  had  been  on  the  f^^dfoury'^'he  kindled  a  fire,  and  the 

one  day  behold.ng  a  ^^'P  at  ^  »^'^^^^^    „«„  woll-ar.ned   ap- 

„ext  morning   saw  ^ya^vl  containing       «  ^^^^^  ^,^^  ^^^. 

proach  the  shore      It  P'^^*'.^ '•^^%eenthc  fire  and  supposed  it  to 
Land  of  captain  Rogers,  ^^^^^  seen  the  ^^  i  p^^  ^^  ^^^ 

be  from  thecre.v  of  ««!y«  ^1  under  apprehensions  of  an  enemy 
island.     Next  day   whUest.llu.^eaiP  ^^^^^  ^  ^^^ 

left  on  seeing  ^heir  approach.  ggiuirk  seemed  much  rejoic- 

At  first  gomg  on  b««J  ^h^  "^^^^^^"^^^^  for  want  of  use    that 

ed,  but  had  so  fur  forgot  ^'«  "^'^•^^J"^'?"^^^^      A  dram  was  otTered 
he  could  not  speak  plainly  or  connectedly.  ^  ^^^^ 

So'ig  a  ti::: anS  il l^ a'go'd  wfile  before  he  could  relish  the 

victuals  on  board.  creature  on  the  island,  nor  any  sort 

Selkirk  saw  no  ver^omous  creatur  ^^  ^^^_.^  ^^  j 

of  beast  but  goats,  which  «»<!  o"g»"^  ^  j.     jjfgg  ^nd  pave  name  to 

rpUct' tr:tt^rriS^^^^^^^^     ^  was  entirely  deserted 

when  Selkirk  took  up  his  abode  there.* 

ofth«ocrimim.UliU«W  formed  a  pbt,«^^^  f„^  Copiapo.  .n  Ch.l..  wLere  they 


A  (OlIfB  OFT  MBMUBA. 


THE  OCEAN. 

The  ocean  hath  its  silent  caves, 

Deep,  quiet,  and  alone; 
Though  there  be  fury  in  the  waves, 

Beneath  them  there  is  none. 

The  awful  spirits  of  the  deep, 
Hold  their  communion  there ; 

And  there  are  those  for  whom  we  weep,- 
The  young,  the  bright,  the  fair. 

Calmly  the  weary  seamen  rest. 

Beneath  their  own  blue  sea; 
The  ocean  solitudes  are  blessed. 

For  there  is  purity. 

The  earth  has  guilt,  the  earth  has  care, 

Unquiet  are  its  graves; 
But  peaceful  sleep  is  ever  there. 

Beneath  its  dark  blue  waves. 


to 

UI 

to 
re 
lo 
hi 
n( 
w 
ol 
fr 

0! 

ii 

b 
w 
n 

t 


A  SCENE  OFF  BERMUDA. 


!f 


rhe  evening  was  closing  in  dark  and  rainy,  with  every  appearance 
0f  a  gale  from  the  westward,  and  the  weather  had  become  so  thick 
and  boisterous,  that  the  lieutenant  of  the  watch  had  ordered  the 
lookout  at  the  mast-head  down  on  the  deck.  The  man  on  his  way 
down,  had  gone  into  the  main-top  to  bring  away  some  things  he 
had  left  in  going  aloft,  and  was  in  the  act  of  leaving  it,  when  he 
sung  out,  "  A  sail  on  the  weather-bow!"  "  What  does  she  look 
likel"  "  Can  't  rightly  say,  sir;  she  is  in  the  middle  of  the  thick 
weather  to  windward."  "  Stay  where  you  are  a  little.  Jenkins, 
jump  forward,  and  see  what  you  can  make  of  her  from  the  fore- 
yard."  Whilst  the  topman  was  obeying  his  instructions,  the  look- 
out again  hailed.  "  She  is  a  ship,  sir,  close-hauled  on  the  same 
tack;  the  weather  clears  and  I  can  see  her  now." 

The  wind  ever  since  noon  had  been  blowing  in  heavy  squalls, 
with  appalling  lulls  between  them.  One  of  these  gusts  had  been 
■o  violent  as  to  bury  in  the  sea  the  lee-guns  in  the  waist,  although 
the  brig  bad  nothing  set  but  her  close-reefed  main-topsail,  and  reef- 


I  n 


1-3SI,''"! 


arnnee 
o  thick 
red  the 
lis  way 
ngs  he 
hen  ho 
10  look 
e  thick 
enkiira, 
c  fore- 
e  look- 
e  same 

quails, 
d  been 
though 
id  reef- 


ik  Msva  on  BUMDaA.  ^ 

^A  «.*«;ii  It  wu  now  spending  its  fury,  and  she  wu  btginaiaf 
rfrSi;ilv*h"n!TithV.uSem.e..  almost  incr^^^^^^ 
unacqualSSwTth  these  latitudes,  the  veUof  mist  th«t  had  h,jj» 
?o  Kndward  the  whole  day  was  rent  and  drawn  ""d^.  *°J,J»J 
,*i  -nJTevel  ravs  of  the  setting  sun  flashed  at  once,  through  • 
nna  «ch  of  alowing  clouds,  on  the  black  hull  and  tall  spara  of 

in  strong  relief  against  the  glorious  horizon 

JenkiL  now  haiM   from  the  foreyard        The  Jt^ -1^« 

S"lem';d"   long'^nt'enS   by  t\e  deadened  report  of  the  gun 
an  if  it  hS^  been  an  echo,  and  the  sharp  half-rmgmg,  ^^^»^^^fi 
:::[^Xo  shot      U  feU  short  but  close  t.  us  ajj^^^asev^^^^^^ 

thrown  from  a  heavy  c'^"««°^<^°™*]'«  J'A  „^^^^^ 

'"S"  DeTdJye  wa,  a  staid.  Btifl--r«mped.  walUyed  old  fi^ 

lieuteSsh-lookU  veteran,  -i''*  »''%«°'^»  °^  ^ J^f^'^^vS  S 
cut.  broad  skirts,  long  waist,  and  standmg-up  «»""' 7*'i^*^'*2 

dangled  either  a  queue  or  a  •""»"'?P\'*«  J'^t^^t  say  whTc£ 
the  end  of  it.  it  wou  d  have  puzzled  Old  IMicK  to  say  wmcu. 
hIs  "ower  spar^  were  cased^n  tight  unmentionables,  of  whrt 
had  once  L:!;  white  kerseymere,  ani  long  boots  'he  coal^uttte 
?op.  of  which  served  n«  scuppers  to  *^»7y  °i[  l^J^  ^['^irS 
from  his  coat-flaps  in  bad  weather;  he  was.  in  fact.  *»«       •■»»  " 

report  than  he  sprung  up  the  ladder.        My  glass,  wiwon, 

'"..thTu  close  to.  sir;  you  can  sea  her  plainly  without  it  "jaid 
Mr  Treenail  the  second  Lieutenant,  from  the  weather  nettings 
wherlhe  w'  VleLnoitering.  After  a  long  look  through  hi. st«> 
board  blinker,  (his  other  sUy-light  had  been  shut  up  ever  Bmce 
Aboukir  )  De'adeyo  gave  orders  to  '•  clear  away  the  we»ther-bow 
gun;"aAd  a,  it  was  now  getting  too  dark  for  J*8»  »*» J^  ^^"^ 
Sistinctly,  he  desired  that  three  lanterns  might  be  got  ready  tor 
hoisting  vertically  in  the  main  rigginc.  .    ,.     „  -u..  u^^^ 

"All  ready  forward  there?"  "All  ready,  sir.       'Then  howl 
away    he  lights,   and  throw  a  shot  across  her/?"^"?*":?;*' 
Ba4  wenJlr  carronade.  but  our  friend  to  *'»/*«*  p«d  no 
regwd  to  the  private  signal;  he  had  shaken  a  reef  out  of  bis  top- 
vails,  and  was  coming  down  fast  upon  us. 


)irt>'B>f"'i>I^L 


\ 


36 


A   (CBMB  orV  BBMfVDA. 


•  The  enem^f,  for  tuch  he  evidently  was.  now  all  at  once  yawed, 
and  indulged  us  with  a  sight  of  his  teeth;  and  there  he  wa* 
fifteen  ports  of  a  side  on  his  main  deck,  w.th  his  due  q««nt"™  oj 
carronadcson  his  quarter  deck  and  f»««f  *»«  j,  Y»;'!«V^'»  « J°  * 
lower  masts,  white  cunvass.  and  the  tremendous  hoist  m  his  topsail, 
showed  liim  to  be  a  lieavy  American  frigate;  and  it  was  equally 
certain  that  he  had  cleverly  hooked  us  under  his  lee,  within  com- 
fortable range  of  his  long  twenty-fours.  To  convince  the  most 
unbelieving,  three  jets  of  flame,  amidst  wreaths  of  white  smoke 
glanced  from  his  main  deck;  but,  in  this  instance  the  sound  of 
the  cannon  was  followed  by  a  sharp  crackle  and  a  shower  of 

splinters  from  the  forcyard.  Tonkin. 

It  was  clear  that  we  had  got  an  ugly  customer;  poor  Jenkins 
now  called  to  Treenail,  who  was  standing  forward  near  the  gun 
which  had  been  fired,  "  Och,  «r,  and  its  badly  wounded  we  are 
hero  "  The  officer  was  a  Patlander,  as  well  as  the  seaman. 
"  Which  of  you,  my  boy;  you  orthe  yard?"  "Both of  us,  your 

honor;  but  the  yard  badliest."     *' C°r  ^"''"'  m'"' "Vfp  nolr 
the  top,  and  I  will  have  you  looked  after  presently.       The  poor 
fellow  crawled  otf  the  vard  into  the  foretop,  as  he  was  ordered 
where  he  was  found  after  the  brush,  badly  wounded  by  a  splinter 

'"  Jonathan'' no  doubt,  "  calculated,"  as  well  he  might,  that  this 
taste  of  his  quality  would  be  quite  sufficient  for  a  little  eighteen- 
Bun  ship  close  under  his  lee;  but  the  fight  was  not  to  be  so  easi- 
ly taken  out  of  Deadeye,  although  even  to  his  optic  it  was  now 

hiirh  time  to  be  off.  .       .    .      ■l  c 

••  All  hands  make  sail,  Mr.  Splinter;  that  chap  is  too  heavy  for 
us  Mr.  Kelson,"  to  the  carpenter,  "jump  up  and  see  what  the 
loreyawl  will  carry.  Keep  her  away  my  {"«">.  t"'***  «;''";f° 
at  the  helm;  '  Crack  on,  Mr.  Splinter;  shake  all  the  -reefs  out 
set  the  fore-topsail  and  loose  top  gallant  »«'^;  ?*«"K,il^'l.!ur' 
home,  and  see  all  clear  to  rig  the  booms  out,  »f  t^-e  *»««f .'" "f; 

I-  less  than  a  minute  we  were  bowling  dong  before  it,  but  the 
wind  was  breezing  up  again,  and  no  one  could  ^ayji^  long  the 
wounded  foreyard  would  carry  the  weight  and  drag  the  sails. 
To  mend  the  matter,  Jonathan  was  coming  up,  hand  over  hand, 
with  the  freshening  breeze  under  a  press  of  canvass;  it  was  clear 
that  escape  was  next  to  impossible. ..  ^  ^  ,  ^  :  .  .j  „«•  ♦!,„ 
•'  Clear  away  the  larboard  guns!"  I  absolutely  jumped  ofT  the 
deck  with  astonishment ;  who  could  have  spoken  it  ?  It  appewed 
such  downright  madness  to  show  fight  under  the  very  muzzles  of 
the  guns  of  an  enemy,  half  of  whose  broadsido  was  sufficient  to 
sink  us.    It  was  the  captain,  however,  and  there  was  nothing 

*^'ln  an  instant  was  heard,  through  tb^  whistling  of  the  b/ee?^  ^he 
creaking  and  screaming  of  the  carronade  slides,  »»»«  rattling  ot 
the  carriage  of  the  long  twelve  pounder  amidships,  the  thumping 


i- 

I 


\ 


i 


.a*i4t\ 


.-,0twk>i  lur^i  piiiCjii 


■awed, 
B  was, 
lum  of 
short 
opsail, 
iqually 
1  com- 
e  most 
smoke, 
und  of 
fver  of 

renkina 
he  gun 
we  are 
eaman. 
s,  your 
ret  into 
Jie  poor 
rdered, 
splinter 

hat  thia 
ghteen- 
so  easi- 
vas  now 

eavy  for 
Arhat  the 

seamen 
efs  out; 
ic  sheet 
e  lulls.' 

but  the 
long  the 
:he  sails, 
er  hand, 
vas  clear 

d  off  the 
appeared 
izzles  of 
Scient  to 
I  nothing 

eeze, the 
ittling  of 
thumping 


T 


A  SCINE  on  BB&MODA.  •'^ 

and  punching  of  handspikes,  and  ihe  dancing  and  jumping  of  Jack 
himself,  as  the  guns  were  being  shot  and  run  out  In  a  few  aec- 
onds  all  was  still  again,  but  the  rushing  sound  ot  the  vessel  gomg 
through  the  water  and  of  the  rising  gale  amongst  the  nggmg. 
The  men  stood  clustered  at  their  quarters;  their  cutlasses  buck- 
led round  their  waists,  oil  without  jackets  and  waistcoats,  and 
many  with  nothing  but  tb   ir  trousers  on.  .   ,       -       u-^ 

"Now,  men,  mind  your  aim;  our  only  chance  is  to  wmg  him. 
I  will  yaw  the  ship,  and,  as  your  guns  come  to  bear,  slap  it  right 
into  his  bows.  Starboard  your  helm,  my  man,  and  bring  her  to 
the  wind."  As  she  came  round,  blaze  went  our  carronadea  and 
long  guns  in  succession,  with  good  will  and  good  aim,  and  down 
came  his  forctop-sail  on  the  cap,  with  all  the  superincumbent  spars 
and  gear;  the  head  of  the  topmast  had  been  shot  away  The  men 
instinctively  cheered.  "  That  will  do;  now  knock  off,  my  boys, 
imd  let  us  run  for  it.     Keep  her  away  agam;  make  all  sail. 

Jonathan  was  for  an  instant  paralysed  by  our  impudence;  but 
just  as  we  were  getting  before  the  wind,  he  yawed,  and  let  drive 
his  whole  broadside;  and  fearfully  did  it  transmogrify  us.     Half 
an  hour  before  we  were  as  gay  a  little  sloop  as  ever  floated,  with 
a  crew  of  one  hundred  and  twenty  as  fine  fellows  as  ever  manned 
a  British  man-of-war.     The  iron  shower   sped:  ten  of  the  hun- 
dred and  twenty  never  saw  the  sun  rise  again;  seventeen  more 
wjre  wounded/three  mortally;  we  had  eight  shot  between  wind 
and  water,  our  main-top-mast  shot  away  as  clean  as  a  carrot,  and 
our  hull  and  rigging  otherwise  regularly  cut  to  pieces.     Another 
broadside  succeeded;  but,  by  this  time,  we   had  bore  up,  thanks 
(o  the  loss  of  our  aRer  sail,  we  could  do  nothing  else;  and,  what 
was  better  l-.ck  still,  whilst  the  loss  of  our  main-top-mast  paid  the 
jria  off  on  the  one  hand,  the  loss  of  the  head-Sail  in  the  frigate 
)rou2ht  her  as  quickly  to  the  wind  on  the  other;  thus  most  of  her 
aho'  fell  astern  of  is;  and  before  she  could  bear  up  agam  in  chase, 
the  squall  struck  her  and  carried  her  main-top-mast  overboard. 

This  gave  us  a  start,  crippled  and  bedevilled  though  we  were; 
and,  as  the  night  fell,  we  contrived  to  lose  sigut  of  our  large  friend. 
With  breathless  an.xiety  did  we  carry  on  througa  that  iiight,  ex- 
oecting  every  lurch  to  send  our  remaining  top-mast  by  the  board; 
but  the  weather  moderated,  and  next  morning  the  aun  shone  on 
our  blood-utained  decks,  at  anchor  off  the  entrance  to  St,  George  a 
harhot.—ScoUi$h  Magazine. 


i 


f    •" 


ekrtkin  JOHir  clipwrtok. 


CAPTAIN  JOHN  CLIPPERTON. 


A»,„.,f  the  beirinnina  of  the  year  1718,  some  English  merchanti, 
fort^eefng  wa 'S^^^^^^^^^  and  Spain,  resolved  to  fit  o«^ 

two  ships  for  the  South  Se^.     Two  ships  were  accordingly  pro- 

15th   Ld  sqSy  w^^^^^  rain;  inthe  evening,  ""bent  the 

a-^tss;eS^J?;^^^^ 

an  opprrtunfty  of  striking  down  some  of  h.s  guns  mto  the  hold 

^'i!br  JeT^'clTck  at  night,  on  the  19th.  there  arose  a  f-h 
breeze?so  as  to  oblige  both  ships  to  take  m  ^^e^r  X'  J,  J'  J 
ffale  increasintt.  the  Success  made  a  signal  for  the  bpeeaweii  lo 
bSsTo  and  by  seven  o'clock  both  «hip3  were  under  bare  p^s. 
nor  Sble  to  bear  a  rag  of  canvass  during  the  night.  On  the  ^th 
r  storm\bated.  whin  CUpperton  made  sail^steermg  ^  ^^ 
E  whereas  Shelvock  stood  away  to  the  IN.  W..  so  tnai  irom  hub 
day  They  never  saw  each  other  till  they  met  by  accident  m  the 

^°The  Canaries  being  the  first  place  appointed  for  a  rendezvous 

r'Trs\tr„ccT  and  ne'xt  moTnln^^  i„  the  bay 

i\\Vrla'ned  heTeten  d'ays.  but  not  melting  with  their  consort.. 

P'orttVsthofKTundthemse^  pomt  of  tlu 

'"a       .1„  llhTSntcmber  eMt  .'ohor  offtho  island  of  3™n 
Fomt°d  I  XWSri:i.nd  o»  .he  8th  of  October,  l..vmg 


1 


1 


i 


CArtAIl*   JOHN   GLirPERTOir. 


^ 


rchantt, 

fit  out 
gly  pro- 
I.  The 
on  and 
They 
ith  a  fair 
jors,  for 

On  the 
ibent  the 
lors,  and 
leedwell. 
Success, 
p,  which 
lore,  de- 
give  him 
:he  hold 

B  a  fresh 
lis.  T.ie 
edwell  to 
ire  poles, 
the  20th, 
3.  and  by 
from  this 
mt  in  the 

ndezvouB, 
ive  on  the 
)  continue 
t  place  of 
ithe2l9t. 
\  the  bay 
ir  consort; 

oint  of  tlu 
ntered  thf 
)f  August, 
id  of  Juon 
er,  leaving 
nd.  After 
!  away  for 
Votk  Road 
t  anchored 


1 


with  a  prize  they  had  taken,  at  the  island  of  Lobos  de  la  Mar. 
While  here  a  conspiracy  among  the  crew  was  discovered  and 

punished.  „        -  « 

On  the  1st  of  November,  sailed  for  the  Bay  of  Conception; 
and  in  the  passage  took  a  ship,  laden  with  tobacco,  sugar  and 
cloth.  They  made  the  Bay  on  the  6th  in  the  afternoon,  where 
they  saw  three  men-of-war  lying,  with  their  topsails  loose,  who 
no  sooner  discovered  them  than  tfcey  cut  their  cables,  and  stood 
in  chase.  At  this  time  captain  Clipperton  had  one  prize  with 
him,  which,  as  well  as  the  Success,  hauled  close  upon  a  wind;  on 
which  the  best  sailer  among  the  Spanish  men-of-war,  gave  chase 
to  the  prize,  which  she  soon  came  up  with  and  took.  The  other 
ships  crowded  all  the  sail  they  could  for  sometime,  till  the  largest, 
having  her  mizen-top-mast  carried  away,  fired  a  gun,  tacked, 
and  stood  in  for  the  shore;  which  gave  the  Success  an  opportunity 
of  making  her  escape. .  In  the  Spanish  prize,  Clipperton  Jost 
his  third  lieutenant  and  twelve  of  his  men. 

They  continued  cruising  to  the  northward,  and  on  the  4th  of 
December  found  themselves  very  near  the  Gallapagos.     On  the 
17th  saw  the  island  of  Cocos,  and  most  of  the  crew  went  on  shore. 
On  the  19th  of  January,  1721,  sailed  from  this  place,  and  on  the 
25th  arrived  on  the  coast  of  Mexico,  where,  discovering  a  sail, 
they  sent  their  pinnace  to  give  chase,  to  whom  he  struck.     On 
the  return  of  the  pinnace  they  had  the  surprising  account,  that 
this  was  a  Spanish  ship,  called  the  Jesu  Maria,  now  commanded 
by  captain  Shelvock,  who  had  lost  his  ship  and  most  of  his  men, 
and  taken  this  prize.     These  ships  again  parted,  and  on  the  31th 
of  May,  Clipperton  anchored  in  the  road  of  Guam.     On  the  5th 
of  Juiy  entered  the  port  of  Amoy,  where  the  crew  demanded 
that  the  prize-money  should  be  shared.     Clipperton  not  comply- 
ing, they  applied  to  the  chief  mandarin  of  the  place,   requesting 
that  he  would  do  them  justice  against  the  captain.      Clipperton 
was  therefore  summoned  before  him;  and  on  the  mandarin  s  de- 
manding a  reason  why  he  refused  to  comply  with  the  desires  of  the 
crew,  he  produced  the  articles,  by  which  it  appeared  that  the 
prize-money  was  not  to  be  shared  till  their  return  to  London.     The 
mandarin  decided  that  the  shares  should  be  settled,  and  this  dis- 
tribution was  accordingly  made  on  the  16th  of  September;  7,000(. 
sterling  being  setmside  as  belonging  to  the  owners.     This  sum 
was  immediately  put  on   board  a  Portuguese  East  India  man, 
which  ship  was   afterwards  burnt  and  the   greater  part  of  the 

money  lost.  -     -^     .     ,   ■         t\  .  • 

Clipperton  afterwards  took  passage  for  England  in  a  Dutcn 
ship,  and  arrived  there  a  bankrupt  in  health  and  fortune,  after  a 
'ong  and  disastrous  voyage. 


40 


VBROCITT  OF  THE  POLAR  BEAR. 


*  I'i 


/^i 


FEROCITY  OF  THE  POLAR  BEAR. 

The  annals  of  the  north  are  filled  with  accounts  of  the  most 
oerilousrd  fatal  conflicts  with  the  Polar  Bear.     The  first  and  one 
Snie  most  tragical,  was  sustained  by  Bareutz  ««/ Heemskerke 
in  1596.  during  their  voyage  for  the  discovery  of  the  nortlv^ast 
passage      Having  anchored  at 'an  island  near  the  strait  of  Way- 
ga".  two  of  the  sailors  landed  and  were  ^"^''^•"8  «"/**Th  jj^'; 
one  of  them  felt  himself  closely  hugged  from  behind.     Thinking 
this  a  frolic  of  one  of  his  companions,  he  called  out  in  a  corres- 
pon^ng   tone.    "Who's  there?  pray  stand  off"     Hi.   comrade 
fookedfand  screamed  out,  "A  bear!  Abear!"  then  running  to 
he  ship,  alarmed  the  crew  with  loud  cries      The  sailors  ran  to 
the  spot  armed  with  spikes  and  muskets.     On  their  approach  the 
bear  verv  c  oly  quitted  the  mangled  corpse   sprang  upon  anothei 
Hailor,  carried  him  off.  and  plunging  his  toeth  into  his  body  began 
drink  ng  his  blood  at  long  draughts.     Hereupon  the  whole  of 
tZ  stout  crew,  struck  with  terror,  turned  their  backs,  and  fled 
nrecipitately  to  the  ship.     On  arriving  there  they  began  to  look 
SeTh  other,  unable  to  feel  much  satisfaction  with  their  own 
prowess.     Three  then  stood  forth,  and  undertook  to  avenge  the 
Fie  of  their  countrymen,  and  to  secure  for  them  the  ngh  ^  of 
buriol.     They  advanced,  and  fired  at  first  from  so  respectful  a 
distance  that  they  all  missed.     The  purser  then  courageously  pror 
eeeded  in  front  of  his  companions,  and  taking  closer  aim,  pierced 
the  monster's  skull  immediately  below  the  eye.     The  bear,  how- 
ever  merely  lifted  up  his  head,  and  advanced  upon  them,  holding 
itill  in  his  mouth  the  victim  who  n  he  was  devouring  .but  seeing  him 
soon  stagger,  the  three  rushed  on  with  sabre  and  bayonet  and 
won  despatched  him.     They  collected  ami  bestowed  decent  se- 
JSture  on  the  mangled  limbs  of  their  comrades,  ^h.le  the  s^^^^^^^^ 
the  animal,  thirteen  feet  long,  became  the  prize  of  the  sailor  who 
had  fired  the  successful  shot.  .        /•         _i    ui„ 

The  history  of  the  whale-fishers  records  a  number  of  remarkable 
escapes  from  the  bear.     A  Dutch  captain.  Jonge  Kees.  m  16b8, 
undertook  with  two  canoes  to  attack  one.  and  with  a  lance  gave 
him  so  dreadful  a  wound  in  the  bellv.  that  his  immediate  death 
seemed  inevitable.     Anxious,  therefore,  not  to  injure  the  skm, 
Ke™8  merely  followed  the  animal  close,  till  he  should  drop  down 
dead      Tha  bear,  however,  having  climbed  a  little  rock,  made  8 
spring  from  the  distance  of  twenty-four  feet  upon  the  captain,  who, 
taken  completely  by  surprise,  lost  hold  of  the  lance,  and  fell  be- 
neath  the  assailant,  who,  placing  both  paws  on  his  breas  ,  opened 
two  rows  of  tremendous  teeth,  and  paused  for  a  moment,  as  it  to 
•how  him  all  the  horrors  of  his  situation.     At  this  critical  instant,  a 
•ailor  ruthed  forward,  and  with  only  a  scoop,  succeeded  in  alarming 


mmKmm 


mm 


FEROCITY  or  THE  POLAR  BEAR. 


41 


B  roost 
ndone 
kerke, 
th-east 
Way- 
,  when 
linking 
corres- 
9mrade 
ning  to 
ran  to 
ach  the 
anothe? 
,  began 
liole  of 
and  fled 
to  look 
eir  own 
nge  the 
»hta  of 
ectful  a 
isly  pro.- 
pierced 
ar,  how- 
holding 
eing  him 
met,  and 
icent  se- 
)  skin  of 
lilor  who 

narkable 
in  1668, 
nee  gave 
ite  death 
the  skin, 
rop  down 
:,  made  a 
ain,  who, 
id  fell  be- 
t,  opened 
t,  as  if  to 
instant,  a 
t  alarming 


the  monster,  ■«ho  made  off,  leaving  the  captain  without  the  slight- 

""iIiTtss    Captain  Cook  of  the  Archangel,  when  near  the  coast 
of  Spitzbergen,  found  himself  suddenly  between  the  paws  of  a 
bear      He  instantly  called  on  the  surgeon,  who  accompanied  him, 
to  fire,  which  the  latter  did  with  such  admirable  promptitude  and 
precision,  that  be  shot  the  beast  through  the  head,  and  dehvered 
the  captain.     Mr.  Hawkins  of  Everthorpe,  in  july  1818,  having 
pursued  and  twice  struck  a  large  bear,  had  raised  h's '?«««  <<"  * 
third  blow,  when  the  animal  sprang  forward,  seized  him  by  the 
thigh,  and  threw  him  over  its  head  into  the  water.     Fortunately, 
it  used  this  advantage  only  to  effect  its  own  escape.-Captain 
Scoresby  mentions  a  boat's  crew  which  attacked  a  bear  in  the 
Spitzbergen  sea;  but  the  animal  having  succeeded  in  climbing 
the  sides  of  the  boat,  all  the  sailors  threw  themselves  for  safety, 
into  the  water,  where  they  hung  by  the  gunwale.     The  victor 
entered  triumphantly,  and  took  possession  of  the  barge,  where  it 
sat  quietly  till  it  was  shot  by  another  party.     The  same  writer 
mentions  4e  ingenious  contrivance  of  a  sailor,  who  being  pursued 
by  one  of  these  creatures,  threw  down  successively  his  hat,  jacket, 
handkerchief,  and  every  other  article  in  his  possesion,  when  the 
brute  pausing  at  each,  gave  the  sailor  always  a  certain  advantage, 
and  enabled  him  finally  to  regain  the  vessel. 

TlK)U"h  the  voracity  of  the  bear  is  such,  that  he  has  been  known 
to  feed  on  his  own  species,  yet  maternal  tenderness  is  as  con- 
spicuous in  the  female  as  in  any  other  inhabitants  of  the  frozen 
recions  There  is  no  exertion  which  she  will  not  make  loi  the 
supply  of  her  progeny.  Ashe  bear  with  her  t^  c«b«.  ''f'«8 
pursued  by  some  sailors  across  a  field  of  ice,  and  finding  that, 
neither  by  example,  nor  by  a  peculiar  voice  and  action,  she  could 
urae  them  to  the  requisite  speed,  applied  her  paws  and  pitched 
them  alternately  forward.  The  little  creatures  themselves  as  she 
came  up,  threw  themselves  before  her  to  receive  the  impulse,  and 
thus  both  she  and  they  effected  their  escape. 

4* 


4 


\     /a 


43  11   MAIM   AND   ICHOOniT 


LE  MAIRE  AND  SCHOUTEN. 

FIRST   VOYAGE   ROUND   CAFE   HORN. 

A  belief  that  to  the  south  of  the  strait  of  Magellan  there  woui 
be  found  an  open  sea,  or  some  other  passatfe  leading  to  the  Soutli 
Sea,  bad  many  years  been  gaining  ground,  when  a  company  of 
Dutch  merchants  determined  to  make  the  experiment,  which,  if 
Bucctissful,  would  open  to  them,  as  they  believed,  the  trade  to 
India,  by  a  new,  instead  of  an  interdicted  passage,  which  the 
strait  of  Magellan  then  was. 

Jacob  le  Maire  was  appointed  principal  merchant,  and  prem-' 
dent  of  the  ships;  and  Wilhelm  Schouten,  an  able  seaman,  ro- 
ceived  the  charge  of  patron  or  master  mariner.  The  vessels 
fitted  out  were  the  Eendracht,  n  ship  of  three  hundred  and  sixty 
tons,  nineteen  guns,  and  sixty  five  men,  and  a  galliot,  named  the 
Homo,  of  one  hundred  and  ten  tons,  eight  guns  and  twenty  two 
nmn.  The  president,  Le  Maire,  and  Patron  Schouten,  sailed  in 
the  former;  "the  latter  was  commanded  by  Jan  Schouten,  brother 
to  the  patron,  with  Adrian  Claesz  as  merchant. 

June  the  4th,  1615,  they  quitted  the  Texel,  and  in  three  days 
anchored  in  the  Downs,  where  an  English  gunner  was  hired.  On 
the  30th  of  August,  dropped  anchor  in  the  road  of  Sieri  a  Leone, 
where  a  stock  of  twenty  five  thousand  lemons  was  purchased  froiw 
the  natives,  for  a  few  beads.  On  the  5th  of  October,  were  in 
latitude  four  degrees  seventeen  piinutes  N.  when  a  great  noise  was 
beard  on  board  the  Eendracht,  and  immediately  after  the  sea 
around  it  became  red  with  blood.  Afterwards  a  piece  of  the  horn 
of  some  sea  animal  was  found  sticking  in  the  bottom  of  the  ship, 
seven  feet  below  the  water  line,  havmg  penetrated  through  the 
planking,  and  into  one  of  the  ribs:  about  the  same  length  remained 
without;  it  was  similar  in  shape  and  size  to  the  end  of  an  ele- 
phant's tooth.  ...  - 

Having  passed  the  line,  they  struck  soundmgs  in  seventy-five 
fathoms  (  pth,  on  the  4th  of  December,  and  two  days  after  saw 
the  Ameiican  coast.  On  the  8th,  anchored  in  Port  Desire, 
where  they  took  a  large  supply  of  birds,  &c.  On  the  19th,  the 
Home  caught  fire,  and  was  totally  consumed.  On  the  13th  of 
January,  1616,  the  Eendracht  quitted  Port  Desire,  and  on  th« 
20th,  passed  the  latitude  of  the  entrance  of  the  straits  of  Magellan. 
On  the  24th  saw  Terra  del  Fuego  to  the  right,  not  more  than  a 
league  off,  and  on  the  29th  passed  to  the  north  of  some  rocky 
islets:  Terra  del  Fuego  appeared  to  the  W.  N.  W.  and  W.,  all 
hilly  land  covered  with  snow,  with  a  sharp  point  which  they  called 
Cape  Home,  in  honour  of  the  vessel  which  they  had  lost.  On 
the 30th,  having  passed  to  the  south  of  the  Cape,  steered  west 


11 

1 


i 


ail 

W£ 

an 

foi 
th< 
of 
bj 
tr 
wi 


LB  MAIRB  AMD  BCHbOTBH  «* 

•countering  great  waves  with  a  current  to  the  westward;  and 
allerwards  steered  north.  The  ship  continued  to  advance  north- 
ward and  on  the  1st  of  March,  made  the  island  of  Juan  Fernandez, 
and  caught  two  tons  offish,  but  could  find  no  anchorage.  Steering 
for  the  East  Indies  they  visited  a  number  of  small  islands,  and  on 
the  5th  of  August  came  to  the  Isle  of  Goley,  subject  to  the  King 
of  Tidore.  Sailed  again  next  day ;  and,  after  being  much  delayed 
by  calms,  met,  September  the  7th,  with  a  ship  of  their  own  ^un- 
try  anchorinr  the  same  day  at  the  Island  of  "^rnate.  Ihey 
were  kindly  icceived  by  the  people  in  power:  the  Eendracht  had 


Ca|>e  Horn. 

not  lost  one  of  her  crew  in  her  long  cruisings  and  they  had  dii- 
eoUred  a  flew  passage  to  the  South  Sea;  yet  these  merits  did 
niavail  them,  For  on  the  arrival  of  the  ship  at  Ba tavm  she  was 
seized  and  condemned,  on  a  supposed  infnngement  of  the  r  ghts 
of  the  Dutch  East  India  Company,  the  officers  and  crew  being 
put  on  board  other  ships  to  be  conveyed  to  Europe. 

On  the  31  St  of  December,  during  the  passage  home,  died  the 
president,  Jacob  Le  Maire,  a  victim  to  the  unworthy  treatment 
Ko  had  received-a  worthy  man  and  a  skilful  navigator;  and  on  the 
1st  of  July  len,  his  companions  arrived  in  Holland,  b>  the  way 
of  Good  Hope,  having  bsen  ab.  «nt  two  years  and  seventeen  day* 


r 


'    is 


>         1 


TMB  rtoaiDA. 


THE  FLORIDA. 

IVIany  of  the  vessels  which  formed  the  Spanish  Armada,  inten- 
ded for  the  conquest  of  England,  perished  on  the  north  and  west 
coasts  of  Scotland.  The  ship  Florida  appeared  to  have  been 
more  fortunate  than  any  of  her  consorts;  she  found  her  way  to  the 
bay  of  Tobermory,  on  the  sound  of  Mull,  one  of  the  finest  harbors 
in  the  world.  Scotland  being  then  a  neutral  country  under 
James  the  Sixth,  of  that  name,  the  Spaniards  considered  them- 
selves perfectly  secure,  and  remained  long  in  that  station,  repair- 
ing the  damages  they  had  sustained,  and  refreshing  the  crew  and 

troops. 

The  Florida  was,  no  doubt,  an  object  of  great  mterest  and 
curiosity  in  that  remote  situation,  and  all  the  principal  families  in 
the  neighboring  country  and  islands  were  received  on  board  as 
visiters,  where,  tradition  says,  they  were  hospitably  and  splendidly 
entertained.  Elizabeth,  the  ever  watchful  and  well-mformed 
Queen  of  England,  had  intelligence  of  the  Florida  through  her 
ambassador  at  the  Scotch  court,  and  it  was  ascertamed  that  this 
ship  was  extremely  valuable:  she  had  on  board  a  large  sum  of 
money  intended  for  the  pnv  of  the  army;  she  contamed  besides, 
a  jrreat  quantity  of  costly  stores.  The  law  of  nations  should  have 
protected  the  Florida  from  injury;  but  Elizabeth  resolved  on  her 
destruction;  and  it  was  accompanied  by  one  of  the  most  atrocious 
acta,  perhaps,  ever  recorded  of  any  civilized  government.  The 
Enslish  ambassador  soon  found  an  instrument  suited  to  his  pur- 
pose 


po.e,  and  his  name  was  Smollet.  We  regret  to  state,  that  he  was 
an  ancestor  of  the  celebrated  writer  of  that  name,  who  himself 
alludes  to  this  circumstance  in  one  of  his  novels,  apparently  un- 
conscious of  the  inference  which  followed.  'This  agent  of  the 
Enslish  Queen  spoke  the  Gaelic  language,  and  wore  the  High- 
land dress.  He  went  to  Mull  as  a  dealer  in  cattle,  and  easily 
found  his  way  on  board  the  Florida,  where  he  formed  an  intimacy, 
•nd,  along  with  other  strangers,  had  frequent  opportunities  of 
leeing  every  part  of  the  ship.  He  at  length  found  a  convenient 
time  for  his  diabolical  object,  and  placed  some  combustible  sub- 
stance in  a  situation  where  it  was  likely  to  produce  the  desired 
effect.     He  immediately  got  ashore,  and  made  the  best  of  his  way 

southward.  _,    .  .  ,       .,         .       . 

He  had  travelled  to  a  distance  of  six  or  eight  miles,  when  he 
heard  the  explosion  of  the  Florida;  and  the  spot  where  he  stood 
ii  still  marked  for  the  execration  of  mankind.  The  ship  was 
blown  up,  and  nearly  all  on  board  perished.  Together  with  the 
crew  and  troops,  many  of  the  first  men  in  the  country  were  des- 
troyed by  this  perfidious  aod  bloody  act,  which  reflects  eternal 


COMMODORE   ANSON. 


46 


ten- 
vest 
teen 
•  the 
bore 
nder 
kem- 
^air- 
and 

and 

es  io 

d  as 

lidly 

rmed 

her 

this 

n  of 

ides, 

have 

1  her 

ciouB 

The 

pur- 

9  was 

nself 

r  un- 

•r  the 

iasily 
nacy, 
BS  of 
inient 
I  sub- 
ssired 
B  way 

en  he 
stood 
)  was 
h  the 
a  des- 
ternal 


disgrace  on  the  planners,  am'  'nfamy  on  the  perpetrator.     Tradi 
tion  states,  that  the  poop  of  th«  ^hip  was  blown  to  a  great  distance, 
with  six  men,  whose  lives  were  saved. 

Some  Spanish  marea  and  horses  had  been  landed,  to  pasture, 
and  these  remained  in  the  island  of  Mull.  The  breed  of  horses 
in  Mull  has  ever  since  been  superior,  and  it  still  continues  so, 
probably  from  this  cause. 

The  English  ambassador  at  Madrid  having  procured  mformatioii 
of  the  precise  amount  of  the  treasure  which  had  been  on  board 
the  Florida,  a  ship  of  war  was  sent  by  the  English  Government 
to  Tobe/mory  in  the  beginning  of  the  eighteenth  century  with 
divers,  for  the  purpose  of  recovering  the  specie.  The  wreck  was 
soon  found,  and  many  articles  were  raised,  but  no  money  was 
acknowledged.  The  ship,  however,  never  returned  to  England, 
and  it  was  suspected  that  she  had  taken  refuge  in  France,  for 

evident  reasons.  -,    ,,.  j 

In  the  year  1787,  the  celebrated  diver,  Spalding,  made  an 
attempt  to  recover  this  treasure,  but  he  failed  entirely  as  might 
have  been  expected,  the  remains  of  the  ship  having  sunk  into  the 
clay,  and  totally  disappeared. 


COMMODORE  ANSON. 

The  expedition  under  Commodore  Anson  was  fitted  out  by  the 
English  government  in  the  year  1740,  to  attack  the  Spanish  set- 
tlements in  America.  The  squadron  consisted  of  six  vessels  of 
war  and  two  victuallers.     These  were  the 


Shipi. 

Centurion 

Gloucester 

Severn 

Pearl 

Wager 

Trial  Sloop 


Men. 

400 

300 

300 

260 

160 

100 


Ctmmanders.  Gun*. 

George  Anson  60 

Richard  Norris  60 

Edward  Legge  60 

Matt  Mitchell  40 

Dandy  Kidd  28 

xriBisj.uup  John  Murray  ,    ^'     ,  ,   .     .u 

On  the  18th  of  September,  seventeen  hundred  and  forty,  the 
squadron  weighed  from  St.  Helens,  and  reached  Maderiatho  26th 
of  October.  Having  sailed  hence,  they  discovered  the  [and  of 
Brazil,  on  the  16th  of  December,  and  on  the  evening  of  the  19th 
cast  anchor  at  the  island  of  St  Catharine's.  Having  repaired 
their  vessels,  they  quitted  this  place  on  the  18th  of  January,  and 
on  the  same  day  of  the  following  month  came  to  anchor  in  the  bay 
of  St  Julian.  The  squadron  again  stood  to  sea  on  the  28th  of 
February,  when  the  Gloucester  not  being  able  to  porchaie  h«r 
anchor,  was  obliged  to  cut  her  cable,  and  leave  her  best  bower 


0  COMNOSOBK  ANSOX. 

behind     Having  reached  the  •outhern  eitremity  of  the  straiti 
Le  Mairc,  the  wind  shifted  and  blew  in  violent  squalls,  and  the 
tide  turned   furiously   against  them,   driving  to  the  eMlward, 
with  such  rapidity,  that  the  two  sternmost  vessels  the  Wager, 
and  the  Anna  Pink,  with  the  utmost  difficulty  escaped  being  dash- 
ed in  pieces  on  the  shore  of  Staten  Island.  ,  j 
For  above  three  months,  they  struggled  with  severe  gales  and 
terrific  waves,  and  on  the  Ist  of  April,  the  weather,  after  having 
been  a  little  more  moderate,  returned  to  its  former  violence;  the 
sky  looked  dark  and  gloomy,  and  the  wind  began  to  freshen  and 
blow  in   squalls;    and  there   were   all  the   appearances   of  an 
approaching  tempest.    Accordingly,  on  the  3d,  there  came  on  a 
storm,  which  exceeded  in  violence  and  duration  «"  they  had 
hitherto  encountered.     On  the  14th,  in  the  mornrng,  the  weather 
clearing  up  a  little  and  the  moon  shining  out  on  a  "«"«»•  2«^""* 
Pink  mtde  a  signal  for  seeing  land  right  a-head;  and  it  being  then 
only  two  miles  distant,  they  were  under  great  'PP"!**"""""  ^[ 
running  on  shore;  and  had  not  the  wind  suddenly  lifted,  or    he 
moon  Ihone  out,  every  ship  must  have  perished.    They  found 
this  land,  to  their  disappointment.  »o  bo  Cape  N<>ir,  though  they 
imagined  they  were  ten  degrees  more  to  the  west.     On  the  even- 
ingofthe  24th  of  April,  the  wind  increased  to  a  prodig mus  storm 
and,  about  midnight  the  weather  became  so  thick  that  the  whole 
squadron  separated,  nor  met  again  till  they  reached  the  island  of 
Juan  Fernandez.     To  add  to  their  misfortunes,  the  scurvy  began 
to  make  such  havoc,  tbat  on  board  the  Centurion  onJX.'t  ^^ 
off  forty-three  men  in  the  month  of  April,  and  twice  that  number 

in  ^X&v 

On  the  22d  of  May  the  Centurion  encountered  the  severest  storm 
it  had  yet  experienced.  Almost  all  the  sails  were  split;  the  rig- 
ging was  destroyed,  and  a  mountainous  wave  breaking  over  them 
on  the  starboard  quarter,  gave  the  vessel  such  a  shock,  that  seve 
S  ofthe  shroudslere  br'oL.and  the  ballast  and  stores  bo  strange- 
ly  shifted,  that  she  lay  on  her  larboard  side.  The  wind  at  lengh 
abating  a  little,  they  began  to  exert  themselves  to  8ti""P.  J? 
shroufs,  reeve  'new lanyards,  and  mend  the  Bails,  during  which 
they  ran  great  risk  of  being  driven  on  the  '''^n*!  of  Chiloe  After 
maJy  difficulties  they  at  length  reached  the  island  of  Juan  Fer- 
nandez,  in  a  most  de'sponding  condition.  Here  many  of  the  crew 
died  ofweariness  and  disease.     .  .     ,  ,,,„  TrinI  nloon 

A  few  days  after  the  Centurion  had  arrived,  the  Trial  sloop 
appeared  insight,  and  on  the  21st  of  June  the  Gloucester  was 
SEered  to  leeward.  The  Anna  Pink  arrived  about  the  middle 
of  August,  which,  with  the  Trial  and  Gloucester,  mentioned  above 
were  the  only  vessels  that  ever  joined  the  squadron;  for  the 
Severn  and  P.^rl.  having  parted  from  the  commodore  off  Cape 
Horn  with  diffiSulty  reached  Brazil,  whence  they  made  the  best 
of  tS  r  w»y  back  toWpe;  wbUe  the  Wager  w*i  wrecked  on  the 


-^ 


coot 
take 
the 
A 

cov< 
war< 
they 
12tli 
upoi 


be  s 

tOW) 

for  I 
a  m 
the 
four 

It 
mer 
com 
ord( 
shot 
weij 
ber, 
Val 

C 
tak( 
On 
brin 
his 
tive 
upo 
thin 
tied 
off: 
the 
was 
foui 
torn 
befi 
gov 
ima 
orl 
tot 
bus 
to] 
con 
wai 
coe 


I 


Wf 


1 


COMMOOOBl   ANION. 


•«r 


raitt 
the 
ard, 

ash- 

and 
ving 

the 

and 
f  an 
OR  a 

had 
ither 
Vnna 
then 
8  of 
r  the 
bund 

they 
Bven- 
torm, 
vhole 
nd  of 
teg  an 
irried 
imber 

storm 
le  rig- 

them 

seve 

ange- 

length 

p  the 

which 

After 

Fer- 
5  crew 

sloop 
r  was 
niddlo 
ibove, 
yr  the 
'  Cape 
le  best 
on  the 


- 


coast.  The  Anna  Pink  being  judged  unfit  for  service,  was 
taken  for  'he  use  of  the  squadron,  and  her  men  were  sent  onboard 
the  Gloucester. 

About  eleven  in  the  morning  or  the  8th  of  September,  they  dis- 
covered a  sail ;  wlicn  the  Centurion,  being  in  the  greatest  for- 
wardness, made  al\er  her  as  fast  as  possible.  Night  coming  or 
they  lost  sight  of  the  chase.  About  three  in  the  mornin»  of  the 
12th,  a  brisk  gale  springing  up  at  W.  S.  W.  obliged  them  to  lie 
upon  a  N.  VV.  tack,  which,  at  break  of  day,  brought  them  within 
sight  of  a  sail,  at  about  five  leagues  distant.  She  appeared  to 
be  a  large  vcHsel,  and  upon  hoisting  Spanish  colors,  and  bearing 
towards  the  Centurion,  the  commodore  ordered  every  thing  ready 
for  an  engagement;  but  upon  coming  nearer,  she  appeared  to  be 
a  merchantman,  without  a  single  tier  of  guns,  and  had  mistaken 
the  Centurion  for  her  consort.  She  soon  surrendered,  and  was 
found  to  be  a  valuable  prize. 

It  appearing  from  letters  on  board  the  prize,  that  several  other 
merchantmen  were  at  sea,  between  Callao  and  Valparaiso,  the 
commodore  sent  the  Trial  sloop,  to  cruise  off  the  latter  port;  and 
ordered  the  Gloucester  to  cruise  off  the  island  of  Paita,  till  she 
should  be  joined  by  the  Centurion.  The  Centurion  and  her  prize 
weighing  from  the  bay  of  Juan  Fernandez,  on  the  19th  of  Septem- 
ber, took  her  course  to  the  eastward,  proposing  to  join  the  Trial  off 
Valparaiso. 

On  the  24th,  in  the  evening,  they  came  up  with  the  latter,  having 
taken  a  prize  of  si.x  hundred  tons  burden,  laden  with  a  rich  cargo. 
On  the  27th,  the  captain  of  the  Trial  came  on  board  the  Centurion, 
bringing  with  him  an  instrument,  subscribed  by  himself  and  all 
his  officers,  setting  forth  that  the  vessel  was  so  leaky  and  defec- 
tive, that  it  was  at  the  hazard  of  their  lives  they  staid  on  board; 
upon  which,  the  commodore  having  ordered  the  crew  and  every 
thing  of  value  to  be  put  on  board  the  prize,  the  Trial  was  scut- 
tled and  sunk.  It  was  now  resolved  to  join  tiie  Gloucester 
off  Paita.  With  this  view  they  stood  to  the  northv/ard,  and,  on 
the  10th  of  November  discovered  a  sail,  which  Lieutenant  Brett 
was  ordered  to  chase,  with  the  Trial's  pinnace  and  barge.  They 
found  her  to  be  a  Spanish  vessel  of  two  hundred  and  seventy 
tons  burden.  From  the  prisoners  they  learned  that,  a  few  days 
before,  a  vessel  had  entered  Paita,  the  master  of  which  told  the 
flov«;rner  he  had  been  chased  by  a  very  largo  ship,  which  he 
imagined  to  be  one  of  the  English  squadron,  and  that  the  govern- 
or had  immediately  sent  an  express  to  Lima,  to  carry  the  news 
to  the  viceroy,  while  the  royal  officer  residing  at  Paita  had  been 
busily  employed  in  removing  both  the  king's  treasure  and  his  own 
to  Piuza,  a  town  fourteen  leagues  within  land.  It  was  at  once 
conjectured  that  the  ship  which  had  chased  the  veMel  into  Paita 
was  the  Gloucester;  and,  as  they  were  now  discovered,  and  the 
coast  would  soon  be  alarmed,  ao  as  to  prevent  cruising  to  any 


%H 


4Jjlmu..JMliiu%.  *   -^ 


48 


COMMODOKE    ANSON. 


HI 


II 


im 


•  l 


advantage,  the  commodore  resolved  to  endeavor  to  surprise  the 
place  that  very  night. 

When  the  ships  were  within  five  leagues  of  Puita,  about  ten 
o'clock  at  night,  Lieutenant  Brett,  with  the  boats  under  his  com- 
mand, put  ofT,  and  arrived  without  being  discovered,  at  the  mouth 
of  the  bay;  though  he  had  no  soone:  entered  it,  tlian  some  of  the 
people  on  board  a  vessel  riding  at  anchor  there,  perceived  him, 
and  immediately  getting  into  their  boat,  rowed  towards  tiic  sliore, 
crying  out  'the  English,  the  English  dogs,'  &c.  by  which  tho 
town  was  alarmed  and  the  attack  disovered.  The  town  was, 
however,  taken  in  less  than  a  quarter  of  an  hour  from  the  first 
landing  of  the  boats ;  with  the  loss  of  one  man  killed  and  two 
wounded. 

They  weighed  anchor  from  the  coast  of  Paita  on  the  16th  of 
November,  the  squadron  being  increased  to  six  sail  by  the  prizes. 
On  the  morning  of  the  18th,  they  discovered  the  Gloucester  with 
a  small  vessel  m  tow,  which  joined  them  about  three  in  the  after- 
noon, when  they  learned  that  captain  Mitchell  had  taken  two 
..rizes,  one  of  which  had  a  cargo  consisting  of  wine,  brandy  and 
olives,  and  about  seven  thousand  pounds  in  specie ;  and  the  other 
was  a  launch,  tbe  people  on  board  which,  when  taken,  wore  eating 
their  dinner  from  silver  dishes.  Notwithstanding  this  circum 
stance,  the  prisoners  alleged  that  they  were  very  poor:  having 
nothing  on  board,  but  cotton  made  up  in  jars,  which,  being  re- 
moved on  board  the  Gloucester,  were  examined,  when  the  whole 
appeared  to  be  an  extraordinary  piece  of  false  package;  there 
being  concealed  among  the  cotton,  doubloons  and  dollars,  to  the 
amount  of  twelve  thousand  pounds. 

The  cargo  and  crews  of  the  several  vessels  were  aflerwarde 
divided  between  the  Centurion  and  Gloucester.  Quitting  the 
coast  of  America,  they  stood  for  China,  the  6th  of  May,  174''2. 
The  Gloucester,  which  had  become  decayed,  was  cleared  of  every 
thing  by  the  loth  of  August,  and  then  set  on  fire.  On  the  ^7th 
they  arrived  at  the  island  of  Tinian,  where  they  remained  somo 
time.  On  the  night  of  the  22d  of  September,  when  it  was  exces- 
sively dark,  the  wind  blew  from  the  eastward  with  such  fury, 
that  those  on  board  despaired  of  riding  out  the  storm.  At  this 
time  Mr.  Anson,  was  ill  of  the  scurvy,  and  most  of  the  hands 
were  on  shore,  and  all  the  hopes  of  safety  of  those  on  board  seemed 
to  depend  on  immediately  putting  to  sea ;  all  communication  be- 
tween the  ship  and  the  island  being  destroyed. 

About  one  o'clock  a  strong  gust,  attended  with  rain  and  light- 
ning, drove  them  to  sea,  where,  being  unprepared  to  struggle 
with  the  fury  of  the  winds  and  waves,  they  expected  each  moment 
to  be  their  last.  When  at  day-break,  it  was  perceived  by  those 
on  shore  that  th6  ship  was  missing,  they  concluded  her  lost,  and 
many  of  them  begged  the  commodof6  to  tend  'the  boat  round  the 
itland  to  look  for  the  wreck.    In  the  Wifk/t  of  thoir  gloomy  reflec- 


The  I 
appa 
the 
thouj 
01 
mio 


'»:■•• 


.iV,' 


COMMODORE   ANSON. 


48 


irise  the 

bout  ten 
his  com- 
le  mouth 
ne  of  the 
I'ed  him, 
le  shore, 
hich  tho 
>wn  WU9, 

the  first 

and  two 

e  16th  of 
he  prizes, 
jster  with 
the  after- 
aken   two 
randy  and 
I  the  other 
ore  eating 
IS  circum 
r:    having 
being  re- 
the  whole 
ige;  there 
lari<,  to  the 

afterwards 
uitting  tha 
May,  174-2. 
ed  of  every 
>n  the  21th 
lined  some 
was  execs- 
such  fury, 
1.     At  this 
'  the  hands 
tard  seemed 
lication  bc- 

n  and  light- 
to  struggle 
ach  moment 
ed  by  those 
ner  lost,  and 
at  round  the 
oomy  reflec- 


I 


tions,  the  commodore  formed  a  plan  for  extricating  them  from 
their  present  situation;  which  was  by  hauling  the  Spanish  bark  on 
shore,  sawing  her  asunder,  and  lengthening  her  twelve  feet ;  which 
would  enlarge  her  to  near  forty  tons  burden,  and  enable  her  to 
carry  them  all  to  China. 

But  a  discouraging  circumstance  now  occured,  which  was,  that 
they  had  neither  compass  nor  quadrant  on  the  island.  At  length, 
on  rummaging  a  chest  belonging  to  the  Spanish  bark,  they  found 
a  small  compass,  which  though  not  much  superior  to  those  made 
for  the  amusement  of  school-boys,  was  to  them  of  the  utmost  im- 
portance. 

When  this  obstacle  was  removed,  and  all  things  were  ready  for 
sailing,  it  happened  on  the  afternoon  of  the  11th  of  October,  that 
one  of  the  Gloucester's  men  being  upon  a  hill,  saw  the  Centurion 
at  a  distance.  She  was  soon  visible  to  all,  and  the  next  day  cast 
anchor  in  the  road.  On  the  14th,  a  sudden  gust  of  wind  drove 
her  to  sea  a  second  time,  but  in  about  five  days,  they  returned 
again  to  anchor.  On  (ho  20th  of  October,  they  set  Are  to  the 
bark  and  proa,  hoisted  in  their  boats,  and  got  under  sail,  steering 
away  towards  the  south  end  of  the  island  of  Macao. 

About  midnight,  on  the  5th  of  November,  they  made  the  main- 
land of  China,  and  on  the  morning  of  the  9th,  a  Chinese  pilot 
came  on  board,  and  told  them  that  he  would  carry  the  ship  into 
Macao  for  thirty  dollars,  which  being  paid  him  they  proceeded, 
and  on  the  12th  entered  the  harbor  of  Macao. 

On  the  6th  of  April,  the  Centurion  again  stood  out  to  sea.  On 
the  last  day  of  May  they  came  in  sight  of  Cape  Espiritu  Santo, 
where  they  continucc  to  cruize  till  the  20th  of  June,  when  about 
sunrise  the  great  ManJla  ship  came  in  sight,  having  the  standard 
of  Spain  flying  at  the  top-gallant-mast  head,  and  to  the  commo- 
dore's surprise,  bore  down  upon  him.  The  engagement  soon 
began,  and  lasted  an  hour  and  a  half,  when  the  galleon  struck  to  the 
Centurion,  after  having  had  sixty-seven  men  killed  and  eighty-four 
wounded.  The  Centurion  had  only  two  men  killed  and  seventeen 
wounded.  The  prize  carried  five  hundred  men  and  thirty-six  guns, 
and  her  cargo  was  worth  400,000/.  sterling.  It  is  impossible  to 
describe  the  transports  on  board,  when,  aflcr  all  their  reiterated 
disappointments,  they  at  length,  saw  their  wishes  accomplished. 
But  their  joy  was  very  near  being  suddenly  damped  by  a  very 
alarming  accident;  for  no  sooner  had  the  galleon  struck,  titan  one 
of  the  lieutenants  coming  to  Mr.  Anson,  whispered  him,  that 
the  Centurion  was  dangerously  on  fire  near  the  powder-room. 
The  commodore  received  this  shocking  intelligence  without  any 
apparent  emotion,  and  taking  care  not  to  alarm  his  people,  gave 
the  necessary  orders  for  extinguishing  the  fire,  which  was  done, 
though  its  first  appearance  threatened  the  ship  with  destruction. 

On  the  14th,  the  Centurion  cast  anchor  olT  Bocca  Tigris,  for- 
ming the  mouth  of  that  river;  and  having  got  under  sail  on  tho  16tb 

6 


■(|h)l^|i^«fM|M( 


MMn 


atk 


nsUINQ    ON    THE    GRAND    BANK. 


_    ■ 


I!     * 


of  October,  1'743,  came  to  anchor  in  the  straits  of  Sunda  on  the  3d 
of  January,  and  continued  there  till  the  eighth,  taking  in  wood 
and  water,  when  she  weighed  and  stood  for  the  Capo  of  Good 
Hope,  where,  on  the  1 1th  of  March,  she  came  to  anchor  in  Table 


SL  neleu. 


Bay.  Mr.  Anson  continued  here  till  the  3d  of  April,  1744,  when 
he  put  to  soa,  and  on  the  19th  of  the  month,  was  in  sight  of  St. 
Helena,  but  did  not  touch  at  it. 

On  the  12th  of  June  they  got  sight  of  the  Lizard,  and  on  the 
evening  of  the  15th,  to  their  great  joy,  came  safe  to  anchor  at 
Spithead.  On  his  arrival  Mr.  Anson  learned,  that  under  cover  of 
•  thick  fo(^,  he  had  run  through  a  French  fleet,  which  was  at  that 
time  cruizing  in  the  chops  of  the  channel. 


FISHING  ON  THE  GRAND  BANK. 


On  crossing  the  banks  of  Newfoundland,  the  ship  was  hove  to, 
for  the  purpose  of  sounding;  and  the  quarter-master  having  tied  a 
baited  hook  to  the  deep-sea  lead,  a  noble  cod  was  drawn  to  the 
soriace,  from  the  depth  of  ninety  fathoms.  Upon  this  hint,  the 
captain,  very  considerately,  agreed  to  lie  by  for  an  hour  or  two ;  and 
•Mie  fifty  lines  being  put  over,  the  decks  were  soon  covered,  fore 


an 
nei 

rar 
tha 
of 
swi 
any 
we 
and 
/ 

how 
It  ia 
or  cl 
suce 
hiind 
sight 
banki 
Halil 
as  fas 
stanci 
day  fl 
Th( 
he  in 
to  the 
humai 
the  lin 
fisherr 
domgj 
on  the] 
and  d<[ 
ed  pla| 
while 
the  fisi 
friend  I 
now  hi 
The 
certairi 
to  ihati 
researl 
taughtj 
practic 
or  a  da 
who, 
the  Gri 
thine 
Ah, 
across  I 


the  3d 
wood 
Good 

Table 


r44,  when 
jht  of  St. 

nd  on  the 
anchor  at 
ir  cover  of 
vas  at  that 


iras  hove  to, 
aving  tied  a 
rawn  to  the 
tis  hint,  the 
or  two;  and 
overed,  fore 


FISHING  ON   THS  OBAND  BANK.  jH| 

and  aft,  with  such    display  of  fish  as  Billingsgate  has  rarely  wit- 
nessed. 

People  who  know  nothing  of  a  sea  life  fancy  that  fish  is  not  a 
rarity  with  us;  but  there  is  nothing  of  which  we  taste  so  little;  so 
that  the  greatest  treat  by  far,  when  we  come  into  port,  is  a  dish 
of  fresh  soles  or  mackerel;  and  even  the  commonest  fish  that 
swims  is  looked  upon  as  a  treasure.  It  is  only  in  soundings  that 
any  are  to  be  met  with;  for,  in  the  open  and  bottomless  ocean, 
we  meet  nothing  but  whales,  porpoises,  dolphins,  shark.s,  bonitav 
and  flying  fish. 

I  never  could  conceive,  or  even  form  a  probable  conjecture, 
how  it  is  that  some  persons  manage  to  catch  fish,  and  others  none. 
It  is  easy  to  understand,  that  in  angling,  a  certain  degree  of  skill, 
or  choice  of  situation,  may  determine  the  probable  amount  of 
success.  But  when  a  line  is  let  down  to  the  depth  of  eighty  or  a 
hundred  fathoms,  or  even  to  twenty  or  thirty  feet,  quite  out  of 
sight,  what  has  skill  to  do  there?  And  yet,  in  a  ship,  on  the 
banks  of  Newfoundland,  or  in  a  boat  on  the  Thrumcap  shoals  in 
Halifax  harbor,  I  have  seen  one  man  hauling  in  cods  or  haddocks 
as  fast  as  he  could  bait  his  hooks;  while  others,  similarly  circum- 
stanced in  all  apparent  respects,  might  fret  and  fidget  for  half  a 
da^  without  getting  more  than  a  nibble. 

There  can  be  no  doubt,  of  course,  that  intellectual  power  must 
be  in  operation  at  one  end  of  the  line,  otherwise  no  fish  will  come 
to  the  other;  but  the  puzzle  is,  by  what  mysterious  process  can 
human  intelligence  manage  to  find  its  way,  like  electricity,  Hown 
the  line  to  the  bottom  of  the  sea.'  I  have  often  asked  s'  otssful 
fishermen  what  they  did  to  make  the  fish  bite;  but  they  i  ould  sel- 
dom give  any  available  answer.  Sometimes  they  said  it  depended 
on  the  bait.  "Well,  then,"  I  have  answered,  "let  me  take  yours 
and  do  you  take  mine."  But  in  two  minutes  after  we  had  chang- 
ed places,  my  companion  was  pulling  in  his  fish  as  fast  as  before, 
while  not  a  twitch  was  given  to  my  new  line,  though,  just  before,' 
the  fish  appeared  to  be  jostling  one  another  for  the  honor  of  my 
friend's  hook,  to  the  total  neglect  of  that  which  had  been  mine, 
now  in  high  vogue  amongst  them. 

There  is  some  trick,  or  sleight  of  hand,  I  suppose,  by  which  a 
certain  kmd  of  motion  is  given  to  the  bait,  so  as  to  assimilate  it 
to  that  of  the  worms  which  the  fishes  most  affect  in  their  ordinary 
researches  for  food,  But,  probably,  this  art  is  no  more  to  be 
taught  by  description,  or  to  be  learned  without  the  drudgery  of 
practice,  than  the  dexterity  with  which  an  artist  represents  nature, 
or  a  darcer  performs  pirouettes.  Uninstructed  persons,  therefore, 
who,  like  myself,  lose  patience  because  they  cannot  catch  fish  at 
the  first  cast  of  the  line,  had  better  turn  their  attention  to  some- 
thing else. 

Almost  the  only  one  I  ever  caught  was  during  my  first  voyage 
across  ths  Atlantic,  when,  after  my  line  had  been  down  a  whde 


BYRON. 

weary  hour,  I  drew  it  up  in  'l-P ^ „taltr:L"^'t?pre8int?y; 
Tned  the  line  must  have  been  accidentally  broken  Du  ^p  ^^  ^^  ^.^ 
andgreatlytomy.astomshment   I  beheld  a  gi^^  of 

^p,  Swollen  to  twice  the  usuad^^^^^ 

its'^sound.  as  the  «\-J^agJ  ««»^^^^  this  singular  apparatus 

At  the  depth  of  eighty  or  "'"ety  laino    ^f  fifteen  or  sixteen  atmos- 
i«  compreLed  ^he  enomous  add  t.o„  ^  ^^ 

been  blown  up  with  gunpowder. 


[^ 


i  .  \ 


BYRON. 

I.  the  year  1764.  the  IJo/^irutinlX"  ^^^^^^^^^ 
ir  ^'i^t'roaSlotS:^^^^^^^  and  Captain  Mouat 

-SXll«eco..^^^^^^^ 

they  sailed  iu  P'°«ec"tion  of  the  voyage  ^^^.^^^  ^^^^^ 

ber  they  came  to  an  anchor  m  the  roaa  oi  «-  governor, 

clt  of'Brazil.  when  the--74Teirhed  anchor  on  thi  16th  of 
who  received  him  in  state^  iSrand  on  the  2l8t  of  Novem- 
October,  steermg  for  Cape  B  anco   anu  ^^^^odore  in  hw 

ber  entered  the  harbor  of  Port  l^esire,  an  landed, 

Srat.  attended  by  Uvo  o^er  boats  wenUoj^^^^^^  J^^^^  ^.^^  ^„, 
and  they  had  a  sight  of  four  beas«,  n  ^i^oes. 

in  shape  like  a  deer,  ^^ich  they  took  to       g  ^^^  ^^  ^^^ 

On  the  fifth  of  December  the  ^^V^^^        ^„d  came  to  an  an- 
20th,  ran  close  '"-sboreto  Cape  Virgin  m    /.  horseback, 

chor'.     The  commodore  observed  a  numbe^otm   ^^^^  ^^^^ 

riding  to  and  ft".  oPP°!'^«.Jl\*^  '  to  jand  and  as  he  was  anxious  to 
which  he  took  to  be  an  'n^'taf "  ^^J.^ij,  ^  boat  with  a  partv  of 
know  what  people  hese  ^Z^'  »«  wen^ m  j.^j|^^. 

men  well  armed;  the  hr^heu^^^^^^^  ^^^     hole  ap» 

ing  m  another.     When  tiiey  ^^"  j  „„  on  a  stony  point 

pearedtoamounttofivehundredper^ons  d  aw^ 

of  land  that  ran  far  into  the  sea.     «y'o» ''    therefore,  made  signs 
^  he  approached,  the  Indians  retreated    he  th^^^^^    ^  ^^^^ 

that  one  of  them  «b°"W  e^e  lorwa^^^^  ^J^^^ 

^Ir  Kr i^S  intS    -ndTnt  If  his  eyes  wa,  a  circle  of 


■1 


BTRON. 


5S 


1 1  imag- 
iresently, 
oat  to  the 
insion  of 
ack-bone. 
apparatus 
ten  atmos- 
approa«h- 
lequatc  to 
ansion  not 
as  if  it  had 


f-war,  were 
n  the  South 
)tain  Mouat 

tendant,  and 
I  of  Septem- 
leiro,  on  the 
[\e  governor, 
;  the  16th  of 
t  of  Novem- 
(lodore  in  his 
He  landed, 
kds  high,  and 

IS. 

I,  and  on  the 
ame  to  an  an- 
n  horseback, 
nething  white 
iras  anxious  to 
ith  a  party  of 
I  party,  follow- 
tho  whole  ap" 
n  a  stony  point 
iced  alone,  but 
re,  made  signs 
complied  with, 
and  was  very 
vM  a  circle  of 


black  paint,  und  a  white  circle  round  the  other;  the  rest  of  bis 
face  was  painted  in  streaks  of  various  colors.  He  had  the  skin 
of  a  beast,  with  the  hair  inwards,  thrown  over  his  shoulders.  The 
commodore  and  the  Indiau  having  complimented  each  other,  in 
language  equally  unintelligible  to  either,  they  walked  together 
towards  the  main  body  of  the  IndJans,_few  of  whom  were  shorter 
than  the  height  abovementioned,  and  the  women  were  large  in 
proportion. 

On  the  21st  of  December  they  began  sailing  up  the  Strait  of 
Magellan,  with  a  view  to  fake  in  a  stock  of  wood  and  water. 
On  the  26th,  came  to  an  anchor  at  Port  Famine.  In  this  place, 
they  found  drift-wood  enough  to  have  supplied  a  thousand  vessels. 
The  quantity  of  fi.sli  that  was  daily  taken  was  equal  to  the  supply 
of  both  the  crews:  and  the  commodore  shot  as  many  geese  and 
ducks  as  furnished  several  tables  besides  his  own.  On  the  4th  of 
January    1765,   they  sailed   in  quest  of  Falkland's  Islands. 

On  the  12th  they  saw  land,  and  on  the  14th  aflat  island,  cover- 
ed with  tufts  of  grass  as  large  as  bushes.  Soon  after  this  they 
entered  another  harbor,  to  which  Byron  gave  the  name  of  Port 
Egmont.  This  harbor  is  represented  to  be  the  finest  in  the  world, 
and  capacious  enoi'gh  to  contain  the  whole  navy  of  England,  in 
full  security;  therf;  is  plenty  of  fresh  water  in  every  part  of  it,  and 
geese,  ducks,  snipes,  and  other  edible  birds,  abound  in  such  num- 
bers, that  the  sailors  were  tired  with  eating  them.  The  commo- 
dlJre  was  once  unexpectedly  attacked  by  a  sea-lion,  and  extricated 
himself  from  the  impending  danger  with  great  difficulty ;  they  had 
many  battles  with  this  animal,  the  killing  of  one  of  which  was 
frequently  an  hour's  work  for  six  men;  one  of  them  almost  tore  to 
pieces  the  commodore's  mastifi-dog,  by  a  single  bite.  The  com- 
modore took  possession  of  the  harbor,  and  all  adjacent  islands, 
by  the  name  of  Falkland's  islands. 

On  Sunday,  January  the  27th,  they  left  Port  Egmont.  Next 
day  the  commodore  gave  the  name  of  Berkley's  Sound  to  a  deep 
inlet  between  the  islands.  On  the  6th  of  February  stood  in  for 
Port  Desire,  at  the  mouth  of  which  they  came  to  an  anchor,  and 
had  the  pleasure  of  seeing  the  Florida,  a  store-ship,  which  they 
had  expected  from  England.  On  the  2(>.l.,  at  Port  Famine  re- 
ceived orders  to  sail  tor  England. 

Having  narrowly  escaped  the  dreadful  efiects  of  a  storm  on  the 
3d  of  March,  at  length  the  Do'phin  was  moored  in  a  little  bay  op- 
posite Cape  Quod;  and  the  Tamar,  about  six  miles  to  the  east- 
ward of  it.  On  the  28th  the  Tamar  narrowly  eocaped  being  dash- 
ed to  pieces  against  the  rocks,  by  the  parting  of  the  cable  to  her 
best  bower-anchor.  The  Dolphin,  therefore,  stood  again  into  the 
bay,  and  sent  her  proper  assistance,  after  which  they  both  an- 
chored for  the  night;  a  night  the  most  dreadful  they  had  known. 
The  winds  were  so  violent  as  perfectly  to  tear  up  the  sea,  and 
carry  it  higher  than  the  heads  of  the  masts:  a  dreadful  sea  rolled 


-.•*i-H>«* 


*»''i»"j#^j^^>a!'^.iiiiWnM!)|||a^^ 


64 


BTRON. 


over  them,  and  broke  against  the  rocks,  with  a  noise  as  loud  as 
thunder.  Happily  they  did  not  part  their  cp.bles,  or  they  must 
have  been  dashed  in  pieces  against  these  rocks. 

The  ships, came  to  anchor  on  the  4th  of  April,  in  a  bay  \vhich 
had  been  discovered,  proposing  to  take  in  wood  and  water.  While 
they  were  here,  several  of  the  natives  made  a  fire  opposite  the 
ship,  on  which  signals  were  made  for  them  to  come  on  board,  but 
as  they  would  not,  the  commodore  went  on  shore,  and  distributed 
some  trifles  which  gave  great  pleasure.  Four  were  at  length  pre- 
vailed on  to  go  on  board;  and  the  commodore,  with  a  view  to  their 
diversion,  directed  one  of  the  midshipmen  to  play  on  the  violin, 
while  some  of  the  seamen  danced ;  the  poor  Indians  were  extrava- 
gantly delighted;  and  one  of  them  lo  testify  his  gratitude,  took 
his  canoe,  and  fetching  some  red  paint,  rubbed  it  over  the  face  of 
the  musician;  nor  could  the  commodore,  but  with  the  utmost  dif- 
ficulty, escape  the  like  compliment. 

They  sailed  from  this  bay  on  the  7th,  and  next  day  tlic  wind 
blew  a  hurricane.  On  the  9th,  passed  some  dangerous  rocks, 
which  in  Narborough's  Voyage  are  called  the  Judges.  This  day 
a  steady  gale  at  south-west  carried  them  at  the  rate  of  nine  miles 
an  hour,  so  that  by  eight  in  the  evening  they  were  twenty  leagues 
from  the  coast.  On  the  26th,  they  sailed  westward,  and  bore 
away  for  the  island  of  Masi  afuero  and  anchored  at  seven  o'clock 

on  Sunday  morning.  ,     -t        j- 

On  the  30th  of  April  they  sailbd,  and  on  the  7th  of  June  discover- 
ed land,  being  then  in  fourteen  degrees  five  minutes  south  latitude, 
and  one  hundred  forty  four  degrees  fifty  eight  minutes  west  longi- 
tude. The  commodore  steered  for  a  small  island,  the  appearance 
of  which  was  pleasing  beyond  expression.  Several  natives  ran 
along  the  beach,  with  long  spears  in  their  hands.  The  sailors 
made  every  possible  sign  of  friendship— but  they  retired  to  the 
woods,  dragging  their  canoes  after  them.  The  commodore  pro- 
ceeded to  the  other  island,  and  brought  to,  at  th^ee-quarters  of  a 
mile  from  the  shore.  The  natives  again  ran  to  the  beach,  armed 
with  clubs  and  speais,  Msing  threatening  gestures.  The  commo- 
dore fired  a  cannon-shot  over  their  heads,  on  which  they  retreated 
to  the   woods.     This  paradise  in  appeariuice;   was   named  the 

ISLAND  OF  DISAPPOINTMENT.  .   ,       j 

Quitting  these  on  the  8th  of  June,  they  discovered  an  island  on 
the  day  following,  low,  and  covered  with  various  kinds  of  trees 
among  which  was  the  cocoa-nut,  and  surrounded  with  a  rociv  of 
red  coral.  They  now  sailed  to  the  westward,  and  soon  discovered 
another  island,  distant  four  leagues.  The  natives  pursued  them 
in  two  large  double  canoes,  in  each  of  which  were  about  thirty 
armed  men.  -At  this  time  the  boats  were  at  a  considerable  \vay 
to  leeward  of  the  ships,  and  were  chased  by  the  cauoes;  on  which 
the  commodore  making  a  sisnal,  the  boats  turned  towards  the 
Indiana,  who  instantly  pulled  down  their  sails,  and  rowed  away 


— — „_:>  iii.iiiwMiiii  III ii>y  ijtiffijiiii*'*'<li>* 


1 

with 

islan't 

■  of  th( 

This 

■^ 

SoutV 

r 

minul 

King 

1              sailec 

anoth 

that  i 

butti 

degr< 

utes 

Or 

the  ] 

coast 

29th 

and  t 

disco 

other 

numl 

'i« 

in  ab 

the  e 

of  th 

its  si 

most 

coul( 

This 

^ 


in  a 
devo 
the  I: 
over 
Indii 
and 
some 
carri 
were 
azo 
oft! 
latiti 
mini 
und 
Aigi 
othe 
Tini 
thou 
groi 
whi< 


,L 


"""•r 


BTRON. 


96 


i 
] 


with  great  rapidity.  On  the  12th  of  June,  sailed  to  another 
island,  and  as  they  coasted  along  it,  the  natives,  armed  &8  those 
'  of  the  other  islands,  kept  even  with  the  ship  for  some  leagues. 
This  island  is  situated  in  fourteen  degrees  and  forty-one  minutes 
South  Latitude,  and  one  hundred  and  forty-nine  degrees  Afleeti 
minutes  west  longitude ;  and  both  the  islands  the  commodore  called 
King  George's  Islands.  The  boats  having  returned  on  board,  they 
sailed  westward  the  same  day;  and  the  next  afternoon  descried 
another  island,  towards  which  they  immediately  sailed,  and  found 
that  it  was  well  inhabited,  md  had  a  fine  appearance  of  verdure; 
but  that  a  violent  surf  broke  all  along  the  coast.  It  lies  in  fifteen 
degrees  south,  and  one  hundred  fifty-one  degrees  fifty-three  min- 
utes west,  and  received  the  name  of  the  Prince  of  Wales's  Island. 
On  the  24th  they  discovered  another  island,  which  was  named 
the  Duke  of  York's  Island.  A  terrible  sea  breaks  round  the 
coast,  but  the  place  itself  had  a  pleasing  appearance.  ,  On  the 
29th  sailed  northward,  with  a  view  to  cross  the  equinoctial  line, 
and  then  sail  for  the  Ladrone  Islands.  On  the  2d  of  July  they 
discovered  a  low  flat  island,  abounding  with  the  cocoa-nut  and 
other  trees,  and  affording  a  most  agreeable  prospect.  A  great 
number  of  the  natives  were  seen  on  the  beach,  many  of  whom, 
in  about  sixty  canoes  or  proas,  sailed,  and  formed  a  circle  round 
the  ships  ;  which  having  surveyed  for  a  considerable  time,  on© 
of  the  Indians  jumped  out  of  his  boat,. swam  to  the  ship,  ran  up 
its  side  in  a  'r.  -'.nt,  sat  down  on  the  deck,  and  began  laughing 
most  violent.  :  '  t^fn  ran  about  the  ship,  pilfering  whatever  he 
could  lay  ham.  i'  lich  was.  taken  from  him  as  fast  as  stolen. 

This  man  havii  ;.  ^  "  my  antic  tricks  as  a  monkey,  was  dressed 
in  a  jacket  and  novvsers,  and  afforded^'exquisite  diversion.  He 
devoured  some  biscuit  with  great  eagerness,  and  having  played 
the  buffoon  some  time,  made  prize  of  his  new  dress,  by  jumping 
over  the  side  of  the  ship,  and  swimming  to  his  companions.  These 
Indians  are  of  a  bright  copper,  with  regular  and  cheerful  features, 
and  are  tall  and  well  made.  One  of  them,  who  seemed  to  be  of 
some  rank,  wore  a  string  of  human  teeth  round  his  waist.  Some 
carried  a  long  spear,  the  sides  of  which,  for  the  length  of  three  feet, 
were  stuck  with  the  teeth  of  the  shark,  which  are  as  keen  as  a 
azor.  The  officers  named  this  place  Byron's  island,  in  honor 
of  the  commodore.  It  lies  in  one  degree  eighteen  minutes  south 
latitude,  and  one  hundred  and  seventy-three  degrees  and  forty-six 
minutes  east  longitude.  They  sailed  hence  on  the  3d  of  July, 
ur.d  on  the  28th  had  sight  of  the  islands  Saypan,  Tinian,  and 
Aiguigau,  which  lie  between  two  and  three  .leagues  from  each 
other.  At  noon,  on  the  31st,  anchored  at  the  south-west  end  of 
Tinian.  The  water  is  so  wonderfully  clear  at  this  place,  that, 
though  one  hundred  and  forty  four  feet  deep,  they  could  see  the 
ground.  The  commodore  went  on  shore  where  he  saw  many  huts, 
which  had  been  left  the  preceding  year  by  the  Spaniards.     The 


»ajjj* 


-rrme^'v.tii'y.m^W'iiUS" 


mmt^ 


56 


BTBOK. 


commodore  remained  at  Tinian  tUl  the  30th  of  September,  by 
which  time  the  sick  being  tolerably  well  recovered,  he  weighed 
anchor  and  stood  to  the  northward. 

On  the  5th  of  November  they  came  to  an  anchor  off  the  island  of 
Timoanon  which  Byron  landed  the  day  following.  The  inhab- 
itants, who  are  IjIalayH,  no  sooner  saw  the  boat  approaching  the 
shore,  thun  many  of  them  came  to  theu  beach,  each  having  a  dag- 
ger by  his  side,  a  spear  in  one  hand,  and  a  long  knife  in  the 
other.  The  boat's  crew,  however,  made  no  hesitation  to  land, 
and  bartered  a  few  handkerchiefs  for  a  goat,  a  kid,  and  a  dozen 
of  fowls. 

Nothing  worth  notice  happened  till  the  14th,  when  a  sloop 
being  seen  at  anchor  in  the  harbor  of  an  island,  named  Pulo 
Toupoa,  Byron,  having  anchored  in  the  same  harbor,  and  obser- 
ved that  the  vessel  hoisted  Dutch  colors,  sent  an  officer  on  board, 
who  was  received  with  great  politeness.  The  commodore  sailed 
the  following  day,  and  held  his  course  till  the  19th,  when  he  spoke 
with  an  English  snow,  bound  from  Bencoolen  to  Malacca  and 
Bengal,  in  the  East  India  Company's  service.  At  this  time  their 
biscuit  was  filled  with  worms,  and  rotten,  and  their  beef  and  pork 
were  unfit  to  eat.  The  master  of  the  snow  being  apprized  of  the 
circumstance,  sent  Byron  two  gallons  of  arrack,  a  turtle,  twelve 
fowls  and  a  sheep.  During  their  run  h^nce  to  Prince's  Island, 
in  the  Strait  of  Sunda,  they  were  so  abundantly  supplied  with 
turtle,  by  boats  from  the  Java  shore,  that  the  common  sailors  sub- 
sisted wholly  on  that  fish.  They  staid  at  Prince's  island  till  tue 
19th,  when  they  sailed  for  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope.  On  the  13th 
of  February  they  came  to  anchor,  and  were  treated  with  great 
politeness  by  the  governor. 

They  sailed  on  the  7th  of  March,  and,  on  the  25th,  crossed  the 
equinoctial  line.  About  this  time  an  accident  happening-  to  the 
rudder  of  the  Tamar,  and  it  being  impossible  to  make  a  perfect 
repair  of  it  at  sea,  the  captain  was  ordered  to  bear  away  for 
Antigua;  in  consequence  of  which  they  parted  company  on  the 
Ist  of  April;  and  the  Dolphin,  without  meeting  with  any  other  ma- 
terial occurrence;  came  to  an  anchor  in  the  Downs,  on  the  9th 
of  May  1766,  after  having  been  rather  above  twenty-two  months 
in  the  circumnavigation  of  the  globe. 


i 

lay 
tint 
the 
an( 
mil 
wa 


A  TALE  or  THE  SEA. 


« 


NAUTICAL  PHILOSOPHT. 

One  night  came  on  a  hurricane— 

The  sea  waa  mountains  rolhng— 
When  Barney  Buntline  turned  his  q'ud, 

And  cried  to«illy  Bowline— 
"  There  's  a  sou'-wester  commg  Billy, 

Don't  ye  hear  it  roar  now  ? 
Lord  help  'em,  how  I  pities  them 

Unhappy  folks  on  shore  now. 

Fool-hardy  chaps  as  lives  in  towns, 

What  dangers  they  are  all  in— 
At  night  lie  quakiug  in  their  beds, 

For  fear  the  roof  will  fall  in— • 
Poor  creatures,  how  they  envies  us, 

And  wishes,  I  've  a  notion. 
For  our  good  luck  in  such  a  storm, 

To  be  upon  the  ocean. 

Now,  as  to  them  that  'b  out  all  day 

On  business  from  their  houses, 
And  late  at  night  are  walking  home, 

To  cheer  their  babes  and  spouses, 
While  you  and  I,  upon  the  deck. 

Are  comfortably  lying, 
Mv  eyes!  what  tiles  and  chimney  tops, 

About  their  heads  are  flying  ! 

You  and  I,  Bill,  have  often  heard 

How  folks  ore  ruined  and  undone, 
Bv  overturns  in  carilages, 

Bv  thieves  and  fires  m  London— 
We've  heard  what  risks  all  landsmen  run, 

From  noblemen  to  tailors, 
Then  Billy,  let 's  bless  Providence 

That  you  and  I  are  sailors. 


-1? 


A  TALE  OF  THE  SEA. 


1  -i 


58 


A.   TALE   OF   THE   SEA. 


The  crew  were  collected  in  small  parties  about  the  forecastle  and 
main  deck  listening  to  the  "  long  yarns"  of  some  gray-headed 
seaman,  about  the  "  Flying  Dutchman"  of  the  "  Black  River  of 
Gatand,"  while  now  and  then  some  favorite  sea  song  was  bawled 
forth  from  the  laughing  crowd.  The  officers  were  walking  about 
the  quarter  deck  smoking  and  conversing,  and  occasionally  extend- 
ing their  walk  so  far  as  to  listen  to  the  stories  of  the  forecastle. 
This  was  my  first  voyage  on  the  "  wide,  wide  sea,"  and  as  I  was 
the  youngest  of  the  mids  I  found  particular  favor  with  several  of 
the  oldest  seamen,  with  whom  by-the-by  I  liked  to  associate  better 
than  with  my  brother  middys — I  always  loved  to  listen  to  their  tales 
of  murder  and  battles,  and  would  sit  for  hours  on  the  coils  of  rope, 
and  hear  old  "  Jack  Transom"  our  second  mate,  an  old  man  of 
sixty  years  relate  his  adventures  and  "hairbreadth  escapes." 
We  had  left  Port  Royal  on  the  south  side  of  Jamaica  the  day  be- 
fore on  our  way  to  the  mouth  of  the  Amazon,  and  were  at  the 
time  of  this  writing  passing  between  the  small  islands  of  Munts- 
Krrat  and  Guadaloupe:  in  the  distance  you  could  sec  the  wbito 
moon  beams  playing  on  the  fort  and  beach,  and  glistening  on  the 
low  roofs  and  white  walls  of  the  little  capital  of  Guadaloupe.  I 
was  standing  on  the  capstan  with  a  small  night  glass  in  my  hand, 
looking  at  the  opposite  shore  with  its  long  low  beach  with  here 
and  there  a  small  slave  hut  or  mound  of  loose  stones  piled  up 
as  a  covering  over  the  grave  of  some  drowned  sailor  whose  body 
had  been  washed  on  shore.  I  dropped  my  glass  and  was  getting 
down  from  my  station  when  Jack  Transom  stepped  up  and  asked 
for  a  squint,  I  handed  the  glass  to  him  and  after  looking  through 
it  a  moment  he  handed  it  back  saying,  "  Ay,  ay,  there  it  stittidM 
with  its  creaking  chains  and  dry  bones  rattling  in  the  still  air  u.s 
if  a  ten  knot  breeze  wa3  ripping  over  it."  "  VVniU'sthatr"*aid  J, 
eagerly  catching  the  glass  and  pointing  it  where  '  old  starboard' 
as  he  was  familiarly  called,  directed  me.  It  was  some  time  be- 
fore I  saw  what  lie  meant.  When  I  did,  I  was  at  no  loss  for  his 
abrupt  speech.  A  little  north  of  the  town  on  the  white  beach, 
stood  a  tall  gibbet  with  its  chains,  and  even  as  old  Jack  said,  its 
white  bones,  for  I  plainly  saw  them  even  at  that  distance  glimmer- 
ing in  the  rays  of  the  bright  moon,  and  I  almost  fancied  I  heard 
them  rattling  and  shaking  against  each  other,  although  as  I  said 
before,  there  was  not  a  breath  of  air,  not  enough  to  move  h  feath- 
er; I  shuddered  nt  the  sight,  for  I  was  young  and  easily  affected 
by  any  thing  terrible  or  gloomy — we  all  knew  that. '  old  starboard' 
was  on  one  of  his  '  long  yarn  tacks,'  and  in  a  short  time  a  group 
was  formed  around  the  old  fellow,  as  anxious  as  the  crowds  of 
coiTee  drinkers  in  the  saloons  of  Constantinople  to  listen  to  the 
wonderful  adventures  of  the  Caliph  Haroun  Alraschid  or  Sindbad 
the  Sailor.  "It's  now  forty  years  ago  or  thereabout,"  began 
'old  starboard,'  stufiins  a  huge  quid  of  the  true  Virginia  into  his  left 
oheek,  "  since  I  first  laid  eyeaon  that  same  death  telling  gallows. 


itle  and 
■headed 
tiver  of 
bawled 
»  about 
extend- 
ecastle. 
s  I  was 
eral  of 
e  better 
;ir  tales 
)f  rope, 
man  of 
[japes." 
day  be- 
at the 
Monts- 
e  white 
on  the 
ipe.  I 
y  hand, 
:h  here 
iled  up 
!e  body 
getting 
I  asked 
hrou<rh 
stiuuls 
1  air  a.s 
'^aid  1, 
rboard' 
me  be- 
for  his 
beach, 
aid,  it» 
immer- 
'.  heard 
I  I  said 
1  feath- 
flected 
•board' 
group 
vds  of 
to  the 
indbnd 
began 
his  left 
allows. 


A   TALE    or   THE    SEA. 


M 


I  was  then  a  mere  fore-mast-man  and  perhaps  rather  green,  see- 
ing as  how  that  was  my  first  tack  this  way,  and  only  the  third 
time  I  had  ever  smelt  salt  water.     It  was  a  dark  stormy  night 
with  a  strong  northwester  blowing  at  the  rate  of  ten  knots  an 
hour,  and  we  were  beating   across   this  very  channel   under  a 
leavy  press  with  the  hopes  of  clearing  the  shoals  before  morning; 
ill  hands  were  on  deck  clearing  oft'  and  taking  in  some  of  our 
light  canvass,  for  the  gale  kept  on  increasing  and  our  main-mast 
creaked  heavily  with  its  load.     When  the  watch  ahead  bawled 
out,  helm-a-lee!  sail  a  head!  but  before  the  Arords  were  scarcely 
out  of  his  mouth  we  were  upon  the  vessel;  we  struck  her  about 
mid  ship,  carrying  away  our  bowsprit  and  dashing  in  the  forecas- 
tle sails  and  knuckle  timbers  as  if  they  had  been  glass;  but  it  fared 
worse  with  the  vessel  we  met;  she  was  small,  being  about  seven 
feet  in  the  water,  whereas  we  drew  nearer  fifteen— we  passed 
slick  over  her  as  if  she  had  been  a  mere  boy's  plaything.     You 
may  be  sure  there  was  no  standing  still,  every  thing  was  hauled 
up  and  we  were  before  the  wind  in  less  than  half  a  shake,  the  boats 
were  lowered  although  there  was  such  a  sea  running  that  it  was 
almost  impossible  to  live  in  a  small  boat — logs  of  wood  and  hen 
coops,  were  thrown  overboard  so  that  if  any  were  alive  they 
might  save  themselves — our  first  mate  was  standing  on  the  quar- 
ter listening,  when  he  declared  that  he  heard  a  shout — we  listened 
and  then,  it  came   again  and  again,  but  fainter  every  time— at 
length  our  captain  ordered  a  boat  out,  with  directions  to  put  in  to 
the  shore,  and  come  otf  in  the  morning,  as  we  should  lay  too.     That 
night  there  was  not  an  eye  closed  in  the  ship.     We  were  all  waiting 
for  the  morning,  for  many  thought  it  sheer  madness  in  our  cap- 
tain to  send  off"  a  boat   in  such  a  sea,  and  so  dark  a  night,  and 
prophesied  that  she  would  be  swamped  in  less  than  ten  minutes. 
Though  no  one  said  so  to  the  captain,  for  he  was  in  one  of  hi8 
gloorr.v  moods,  and  walked  the  deck  nearly  the  whole  night  with- 
out oiouing  his  mouth.     We  stood  off*  and  on  till  morning,  and  by 
this  tiiKo  the  wind  had  lulled  considerably,  and  we  had  a  moder- 
ate breeze— as  soon  as  it  was  light  we  bore  down  to  the  little  bay 
you  see  off' yonder  to  the  nor'-east,  and  having  anchored,  sent  off 
a  boat  to  the  shore;  I  was  in  her,  and  I  shall  never  forget  my  joy 
when  I  first  saw  our  men  standing  on  the  beach  and  hallooing  to 

us we  were  soon  among  tliem  and  asking  questions  enough  to  sink 

a  lighter.  After  leaving  the  ship  tliey  steered  as  near  as  they  could 
tell,  to  where  the  cries  came  from ;  after  running  about  ten  minutes, 
they  could  hear  them  plainer,  and  at  last  got  so  near  as  to  speak  to 
the  person— it  was  a  man  who  was  clinging  to  a  large  board,  and 
was  nearly  exhausted— alter  a  time  they  frot  him  in,  and  finally 
reached  the  shore— the  poor  fellow  was  nearly  gone,  and  could  not 
speak  a  word,  so  they  look  him  to  a  house,  and  after  awhile  by 
rolling  and  warming  him,  brought  him  to— it  so  happened  that  the 
house  belonged  to  the  governor  or  whatever  they  call  him— and  an 


60  wiiLii. 

soon  as  he  clapt  his  eyes  on  the  man  be  '  new  him,  and  had  him 
♦aken  to  prison — and  it  turned  out  that  uAer  all  our  trouble  we 
had  only  saved  the  poor  wretch  from  being  drowned  that  he  might 
be  hung — for  as  it  was  proved  by  many  who  knew  him,  having 
seen  the  fellow  before,  and  by  pieces  of  the  wreck  which  floated 
ashore,  that  he  was  nothing  better  than  a  real  pirate,  (whose  mur- 
ders were  90  numerous  they  could 'nt  be  counted)  he  had  bee-  taken 
twice  before,  but  had  escaped  each  time — the  governor,  to  be  sure 
of  him  now,  ordered  the  execution  to  take  p.-ce  that  day: — we  had 
leave  to  stay  on  shore  and  see  it — he  looked  pale  arid  half  dead 
when  they  brought  him  out,  and  for  the  soul  of  me  I  could|nt  help 
pitying  him,  he  stept  so  firm,  and  went  so  willingly  to  meet  his  death 
— he  was  led  out  to  the  gallows  between  two  files  of  soldiers,  our 
parson  talked  to  him  all  the  way,  but  he  paid  no  attention  and  seem- 
ed to  be  thinking  of  something  else.  Mayhap  the  fine  vessel  he  had 
lost,  and  all  that — we  saw  the  poor  fellow  swung  off,  and  then  went 
back  to  our  ship,  but  here  was  no  laughing  or  joking  that  day  nor 
the  next  either — for  we  all  felt  as  if  we  had  some  hand  in  it,  and 
wished  the  poor  devil  had  been  food  for  the  fishes,  rather  than  to 
have  fallen  a  prey  to  land-sharks.  The  body  was  taken  down 
and  then  hung  up  in  chains,  and  on  our  homeward  voyage  we  saw 
them  there  rattling  in  the  sea  breeze  and  bleaching  in  the  sun. 
I  have 'passed  here  often,  but  I  have  never  forgotten  to  look  for 
the  gallows  and  the  Pirate's  remains,  and  I  shall  never  forget  that 
night  while  I  live."  All  hands  ahoy!  shouted  the  boatswain,  and 
in'a  moment  I  was  left  alone.  Before  I  went  to  my  birth  I  took 
one  more  look  at  the  dreaded  object,  and  determined  if  ever  I 
found  leisure  to  commit  the  story  to  paper 


edt 
talh 
gen 
mui' 
pro] 
thci 
no  ! 
obs 
beii 
mu! 
out 
oft 
( 
26tl 
sho 
the 
scu 
sea 

r 

ch< 
wei 
thii 
fou 
in  I 
ch( 
ne: 
vei 
rel 
twi 
otl 


WALLIS. 

In  1766,  Capt.  Wallis  having  been  appointed  to  command  the 
ship  Dolphin,  destined  for  a  voyage  round  the  world,  received  or- 
ders to  take  under  his  command  the  Swallow  sloop,  and  Prince 
Frederick  store-ship.  They  sailed  on  the  22d  of  August,  and, 
on  the  7th  of  September,  came  to  anchor  in  the  road  of  Madeira. 

On  the  12th,  they  sailed  thence,  and  by  the  12th  of  November, 
were  in  thirty  degrees  of  south  latitude,  when  they  found  the 
weather  so  cold  as  to  have  recourse  to  their  thick  jackets.  On  the 
16th  of  December,  being  very  near  Cape  Virgin  Mary,  they  saw 
several  men  riding  on  the  shore.  The  captain  went  ashore,  and 
gave  them  combs,  buttons,  knives,  scissors,  beads,  &c,  and  pleas- 


8h< 
im 
D< 
Sp 
PI 

W( 

ca 
na 

Sc 

W( 

8t( 

to 
H 

w 

Q 

ni 


WALLIS. 


61 


i  him 
)le  we 
might 
laving 
iloatca 
e  mur- 

taken 
e  sure 
ve  had 
f  dead 
it  help 
I  death 
rs,  our 
seem- 
hehad 
nwent 
ay  nor 
it,  and 
han  to 

down 
ive  saw 
le  Bun. 
>ok  for 
;et  that 
in,  and 
I  took 
ever  I 


md  the 
ved  or- 
Prince 
it,  and, 
adeira. 
ember, 
nd  the 
On  the 
ley  saw 
re,  and 
I  pleas- 


ed the  women  greatly  by  the  distribution  of  some  ribbands.  The 
tallest  among  these  people  was  six  feet  seven  inches;  but  the 
general  height  was  from  Hve  feet  ten  to  six  feet.  They  were 
muscular  and  well  made,  but  their  hands  and  feet  very  small,  in 
proportion  to  the  rest  of  their  bodies.  The  captain  took  eight  of 
tlicm  into  the  boats:  when  they  came  into  the  ship,  they  expressed 
no  surprise  at  the  novelties  they  beheld,  till  a  looking-glass  being 
observed,  they  acted  many  antic  gestures  before  it.  The  marines 
being  exercised  before  them,  they  were  terrified  at  the  firing  of  the 
muskets,  and  one  of  thgm  falling  down,  shut  his  eyes,  and  lay  with- 
out motion,  as  if  to  intimate  that  he  knew  the  destructive  nature 
of  these  weapons. 

On  the  21st,  they  turned  into  the  Strait  of  Magellan,  and  on  the 
26th,  anciiored  in  Port  Famine  Bay;  and  the  sick  were  sent  on 
shore.  On  the  28th,  the  empty  water-casks  were  landed.  When 
they  arrived  here,  many  of  the  people  were  very  sick  with  the 
scurvy;  but,  by  the  plentiful  use  of  vegetables,  and  bathing  in  the  • 
sea,  they  all  recovered  in  a  short  time. 

They  sailed  on  the  llUh  and  on  the  3d  of  February,  came  to  an- 
chor in  York  Road.  The  next  day,  Captain  Wallis,  with  a  party, 
went  on  shore  near  Bachelor's  River.  There  is  a  cataract  near 
this  river,  the  noise  of  which  is  tremendous,  as  it  falls  more  than 
four  hundred  yards,  partly  over  a  very  steep  descent,  and  partly 
in  a  perpendicular  line.  On  the  Ist  of  March  sailed  again,  and  an- 
chored in  a  place  called  Swallow  harbor,  whence  they  sailed  the 
next  morning;  and,  on  the  following  day,  the  Swallow,  being  dri- 
ven among  breakers,  made  signals  of  distress;  but  was  happily 
relieved  by  a  breeze  from  the  shore.  On  the  10th  of  April  the 
two  ships  sailed  in  company;  and,  on  the  11  th,  lost  sight  of  each 
other,  and  did  not  meet  again  during  the  whole  voyage. 

This  day  the  Dolphin  cleared  the  Strait  of  Magellan,  m  which 
she  had  labored  with  innumerable  difficulties,  and  escaped  most 
imminent  dangers,  in  a  passage  of  almost  four  months,  viz.  fijom 
December  the  17th,  1776,  to  the  11th  of  April  following.  The 
Spaniards,  it  seems,  built  a  town  here  in  1581,  which  they  named 
Phillipville,  and  left  in  it  a  colony  of  four  hundred  persons.  They 
were  all  starved  to  death  except  twenty-four;  and  the  place  was 
called  Port  Famine,  from  the  melancholy  fate  of  these  unfortu- 
nate men.*  ,  •        r 

The  long  wished  for  relief  waj  now  fast  approaching,  tor  on 
Saturday,  the  6th,  the  man  at  the  mast-head  cried,  "Land  in  the 
west-north-west."  As  no  anchorage  was  to  be  found,  the  captain 
steered  for  the  other  island,  giving  the  name  of  Whitsun  Island 
to  this,  because  it  was  discovered  on  the  eve  of  Whitsunday. 
Having  approached  the  second,  the  lieutenant  was  sent  on  shore, 
with  two  boats,  to  take  possession  of  the  island  and  to  call  it 
Q,u::en  Charlotte's  Island.  The  boats  returned  loaded  with  cocoa- 
nuts  and  scurvy-grass,  after  having  found  two  wells  of  excellent 

D 


I 


! 


1^ 


r 


62 


WALLIS. 


i 


water.  Provisions  for  a  week  were  now  allotted  for  an  officer  and 
twenty  men,  who  were  left  on  shore  io  take  in  water;  the  sick  were 
landed  for  the  benefit  of  the  air;  and  a  number  of  hands  w>re  ap- 
pointed to  climb  the  cocoa-trees,  and  gather  the  nuts. 

An  adjoining  island,  lying  in  nineteen  degrees  twenty  minutes 
south  latitude,  and  one  hundred  thirty-eight  degrees  thirty  minutes 
west  longitude,  received  the  name  of  Egmont  Island.  On  the 
1 1th,  they  observed  about  sixteen  persons  on  an  island,  which  was 
called  Gloucester  Island.  This  day  they  likewise  discovered  an- 
other, which  was  called  Cumberland  Island;  and  on  the  day  follow- 
ing, a  third,  which  received  the  name  of  Prince  William  Henry's 
Island.  On  the  17th,  again  discovered  land,  but  could  find  no 
place  in  which  the  ship  might  anchor.  This  was  named  Osnaburgh 
Island,  and  having  soon  discovered  high  land,  they  came  to  anchor 
because  the  weather  was  foggy ;  but  it  no  sooner  cleared  away,  than 
they  found  the  ship  encompassed  by  hundreds  of  people.  They 
sailed  along  the  shore,  while  the  canoes  made  towards  the  land. 
On  the  21st,  the  ship  came  to  anchor. 

The  boats  having  been  sent  to  sound  along  the  coast,  were  fol- 
lowed by  large  double  canoes,  three  of  which  ran  at  the  cutter, 
staved  in  her  quarter,  and  otherwise  damaged  her;  the  Indians, 
at  the  same  time,  armed  with  clubs,  endeavoring  to  board  her. 
The  crew  now  fired;  and  wounding  one  man  dangerously,  and 
killing  another,  they  both  fell  into  the  sea.  The  ship  made  sail 
the  following  day,  and  was  piloted  round  a  reef,  into  a  harbor, 
where  she  was  moored.  On  the  24th,  she  sailed  fiyther  up  the 
harbor,  followed  by  many  canoes.  In  the  evening,  a  number  of 
very  large  canoes  advanced,  laden  with  stones;  on  which  the  cap- 
tain ordered  the  strictest  watch  to  be  kept.  Soon  after  a  large 
canoe  advanced,  in  which  was  an  awning,  on  the  top  of  which  sat 
ode  of  the  natives,  holding  some  yellow  and  ic'i  feathers  in  his 
hand.  He  delivered  the  leathers;  and,  while  a  present  was  pre- 
paring, he  put  back  from  the  ship,  and  threw  the  branch  of  a  cocoa- 
nut  tree  in  the  air.  This  appeared  the  signal  for  an  onset,  for  the 
canoes,  approaching  the  ship  threw  voUies  of  stones  into  every 
part  of  her.  On  this  two  guns,  loaded  with  small  shot,  were  fired, 
and  the  people  on  guard  discharged  their  muskets.  The  number 
of  Indians  now  round  the  ship  was  full  two  thousand ;  and  though 
they  were  at  first  disconcerted,  they  soon  recovered  their  spirits, 
and  renewed  the  attack.  Thousands  were  observed  on  shore, 
embarking  as  fast  as  the  canoes  could  bring  them  off;  orders  were 
therefore  given  for  firing  the  cannon,  some  of  which  were  brought 
to  bear  upon  the  shore.  The  scattered  canoes  soon  got  together 
again,  and  threw  stones  of  two  pounds  weight  from  slings  by  which 
a  number  of  seamen  were  wounded.  At  this  time  f<everal  canoes 
aproached  the  bow  of  the  ship,  in  one  of  which  was  an  Indian,  who 
appeared  to  have  an  authority  over  the  rest;  a  gun  was  therefore 
levelled  at  his  canoe,  the  shot  of  which  split  it  in  two  pieces,  which 


put  ( 
spee 
hind 
the) 
staff 
the' 
to  th 
seen 
the  y 
look! 
tie, ' 
that 
the  1 
tendi 
of  In 
adva 
whilt 
abov 
in  br 
ill,  b 
pull  I 
the  c 
hancl 
greal 
the  c 
hold 
Hiel 
the  1 
The 
abou 
Wall 
quee 
with 
25th, 
ed  to 
his  ti 
hers 
whic 
be  s( 
held 
swer 
mind 
ornai 
a  brc 
final 
TI 
bor, 
150  < 


WAtLIS. 


63 


and 
■ere 
ap- 

itea 
jtea 
the 
was 
an- 
ow- 
ry'a 
1  no 
irgh 
;hor 
ban 
'hey 
Eind. 

fol- 
Iter, 
ans, 
her. 
and 
sail 
bor, 
the 
I  of 
cap- 
arge 
I)  sat 
I  his 
pre- 
coa- 
rthe 
very 
ired, 
Eber 
)ugh 
irita, 
lore, 
ivere 
light 
ither 
hich 
noes 
who 
:fore 
hich 


put  an  end  to  the  contest ;  the  canoes  rowed  ofT  with  the  utmost 
speed,  and  the  people  on  shore  ran  and  concealed  themselves  be- 
hind the  hills.  Next  day  a  lieutenant  was  despatched,  with  all 
the  boats  manned  and  armed,  and  having  hoisted  a  pendant  on  a 
staff,  he  took  possession  of  the  place  by  the  name  of  King  George 
the  Third's  Island.  Three  days  after  this,  the  gunner  conducted 
to  the  ship  a  lady  of  a  portly  figure  and  agreeable  face,  whose  age 
seemed  to  be  upwards  of  forty.  Her  whole  behavior  indicated 
the  woman  of  superior  rank.  The  captain  presented  her  with  a 
looking-glass  and  some  toys,  and  gave  her  a  handsome  blue  man- 
tle, which  he  tied  round  her  with  ribbands.  Having  intimated 
that  she  would  be  glad  to  see  the  Captain  on  s^oro,  on  Sunday, 
the  12th,  he  landed,  and  was  met  by  his  fair  friend,  who  was  at- 
tended by  a  numerous  retinue.  As  they  advanced,  great  numbers 
of  Indiana  crowded  to  meet  them.  Many  persons  of  both  sexes 
advanced  to  meet  her,  whom  she  caused  to  kiss  the  captain's  hand, 
while  she  signified  that  they  were  related  to  her.  Her  house  was 
above  three  hundred  and  twenty  feet  in  length,  and  about  forty 
in  breadth.  The  captain,  lieutenant,  and  purser,  who  had  been 
ill,  being  seated,  the  lady  helped  four  of  her  female  attendants  to 
pull  off  their  coats,  shoes  and  stockings;  which  being  performed, 
the  girls  smoothed  down  the  skin,  and  rubbed  it  lightly  with  their 
hands  for  more  than  half  an  hour;  and  the  gentlemen  received 
great  benefit  from  the  operation.  Orders  had  been  given  that 
the  captain  should  be  carried ;  but  as  he  chose  to  walk,  she  took 
hold  of  his  arm,  and  when  they  came  near  any  wet  or  dirty  place, 
IShe  lifted  him  over,  with  as  much  ease  as  t  lan  would  a  child.  On 
the  15th,  a  large  party  in  all  the  boats  rowed  round  the  island. 
The  island  was  found  to  be  every  where  very  pleasant,  and  to 
abound  with  various  necessaries  of  life.  On  the  17th,  Captain 
Wallis  received  another  viait  from  the  lady  whom  he  called  his 
queen.  On  the  21st,  she  repeated  the  visit,  and  presented  him 
with  some  hogs.  The  captain  having  sent  a  party  on  shore  on  the 
25th,  to  examine  the  country  minutely,  caused  a  tent  to  be  erect- 
ed to  observe  an  eclipse  of  the  sun,  and  when  it  was  ended,  took 
his  telescope  to  the  queen's  house  to  show  her  the  use  of  it ;  and 
her  surprise  is  not  to  be  expressed,  on  her  beholding  several  objects 
which  she  was  very  familiar  with,  but  which  were  too  distant  to 
be  seen  by  the  naked  eye.  She  made  signs  to  be  informed  if  he 
held  his  resolution  as  to  the  time  of  his  departure,  and  being  an- 
swered in  the  affirmative,  her  tears  witnessed  the  agitation  of  her 
mind.  The  captain  presented  her  with  several  articles  of  use  and 
ornament,  which  she  received  in  silent  sorrow.  After  some  time 
a  breeze  springing  up,  the  queen  and  her  attendants  took  their 
final  leave,  with  many  tears. 

The  place  where  the  ship  had  lain  was  called  Port  Royal  Har- 
bor, and  is  situated  in  17  degrees  30  minutes  south  latitude,  and 
150  degrees  west  longitude.     The  Dolphin  sailed  from  Otaheite 


—     >!^i^.-a^i{ftjyAM^JT^-:^aittaipjiB<i»^Afc.a-A-:^--il'»A'^:-tfr 


64 


VOYAGE    FROM   HALIFAX   TO   BERMUDA. 


ml 


ii 


on  the  27th  of  July,  1767,  and  passed  the  Duke  of  York's  Island. 
On  the  28th,  they  discovered  land,  which  was  called  Sir  Charles 
Saundcr's  Island.  On  the  30th  again  made  land,  which  received 
the  name  of  Lord  Howe's  Island,  on  which  smoke  was  seen,  but 
no  inhabitants.  Their  next  discovery  wr3  some  dangerous  shoals, 
to  which  Captain  Wallis  gave  the  name  of  the  Scilly  Islands. 
They  now  steered  -vestward  till  the  13th  of  August,  when  they 
saw  two  small  islands,  one  of  which  was  named  Keppel's  Isle, 
and  the  other  Boscawen's  Island.  On  the  16th  they  again  dis- 
covered land,  to  which  the  officers  gave  the  name  of  Wallis's 
Island. 

On  the  18th  of  September  they  discovered  the  island  of  Saypan, 
9nd  soon  afterwards  that  of  Tinian,  off  which  they  anchored  on 
the  day  following.  Tents  were  erected"  for  the  sick,  who  were 
sent  on  shore  with  all  expedition.  By  the  15th  of  October  the 
fruit  and  water  w<  re  carried  on  board,  and  all  the  sick  being  re- 
covered, on  tlie  next  day  they  left  the  bay,  and  sailed  to  the  west. 

On  ihe  3d  of  November  they  discovered  three  islands,  which 
were  named  Sandy  Isle,'  Small  Key,  and  Long  Island ;  which 
islands  are  in  10  degrees  20  minutes  north  latitude,  and  247  deg- 
rees 30  minutes  west  longitude.  They  now  altered  their  course, 
and,  on  the  13th,  saw  the  island  of  Timoun,  Aros,  and  Pesang. 
On  the  16th  they  crossed  the  equinoctial  line,  and  came  again 
into  south  latitude.  The  next  day  they  saw  the  islands  of  Pulo 
Tote,  and  Pulo  Weste,  and  the  seven  islands.  On  the  22d  saw 
the  coast  of  Sumatra;  and  came  to  an  anchor  in  the  road  of  Bata- 
via,  on  the  30th  of  November,  1767.  From  this  place  they  sailed 
on  the  8th  of  December,  without  losing  a  single  man,  and  having 
only  two  on  the  sick  list. 

On  the  24th  of  January  they  encountered  a  dreadful  stdrm, 
which  tore  the  sails  to  pieces,  broke  a  rudder-chain,  and  carried 
several  of  the  booms  overboard;  yet  during  this  storm  they  ob- 
served a  number  of  birds  and  butterflies.  On  the  30th  they  saw 
land ;  and  came  to  anchor  in  Table  Bay,  at  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope, 
on  the  4th  of  February.  Sailed  on  the  25th,  and  on  the  17th  of 
March,  anchored  in  the  bay  of  St.  Helena.  On  the  28th  crossed 
the  equinoctial  line,  and  on  the  24th  of  next  month  saw  the  Cape 
of  Pico.  No  material  incident  happened  from  this  time  to  the 
end  of  the  voyage;  and  on  the  20th  of  May,  1763,  the  Dolphin 
came  to  anchor  in  the  Downs. 


VOYAGE  FROM  HALIFAX  TO  BERMUDA. 

On  the  6th  of  December,  we  sailed  from  Halifax,  with  a  fresh 
north-westerly  wind,  on  u  bitter  cold  day,  so  that  the  harbor  was 
covered  with  a  vapor  called  "  the  barber,"  a  sort  of  low  fog,  which 


clings 
biting 
bone. 

As 
fax,  j 
Island 
harbo 
had  n 
the  sh 
from  t 
with  ii 
in  the 
ceedir 
of  coi 
man  ^ 
that  tl 
twinki 
were 
the  la 
water 
safely 

As 
to  sec 
learnt 
betwe 
plung 
instar 
half-d 
from  ! 
move( 
laid  f< 
perso 
wards 

Foi 
away 
and  SI 
breez 
tothr 
storm 
I  hea 
than  I 
ill  sue 
and  tl 
yard, 
mast 
thunc 
know 
piece 


T07AOE   FROM   HALIFAX   TO   BERMUDA. 


«l 


clings  to  the  surface  of  the  water,  and  sweeps  along  with  these 
biting  winter  blasts,  in  such  a  manner  as  to  cut  one  to  the  very 

bone.  /.  ,T  1- 

As  wo  shot  past  one  of  the  lower  wharfs  of  the  town  of  Hali- 
fax, just  before  coming  to  the  narrow  passage  between  George 'a 
Island  and  the  main  land,  on  the  south  side  of  this  magnificent 
harbor,  a  boat  put  off  with  a  gentleman,  who,  by  some  accident, 
had  missed  his  passage.  They  succeeded  in  getting  alongside 
the  ship;  but,  in  seizing  hold  of  a  rope  which  was  thrown  to  them 
from  the  maiiichains,  the  boatmen,  in  their  hurry,  caught  a  turn 
with  it  round  the  aiterthwart,  instead  of  making  it  fast  somewhere 
in  the  bow  of  the  boat.  The  inevitable  consequence  of  this  pro- 
ceeding was,  to  raise  the  stern  of  the  boat  out  of  the  water,  and, 
of  course,  to  plunge  her  nose  »nder  the  surface.  Even  a  lands- 
man will  comprehend  how  this  happened,-  when  it  is  mentioned  • 
that  the  ship  was  running  past  at  the  rate  of  ten  knots.  In  the 
twinkling  of  an  eye,  the  whole  party,  officer,  boatmen,  and  ay, 
were  seen  floating  about,  grasping  at  the  oars  or  striking  out  for 
the  land,  distant,  fortunately,  only  a  few  yards  from  them;  for  the 
water  thereabouts  is  so  deep,  that  a  ship,  in  sailing  out  or  in,  may 
safely  graze  the  shore 

As  the  intensity  of  the  cold  was  great,  we  were  quite  astonished 
to  see  the  people  swimming  away  so  easily;  but  we  afterwards 
learned  from  one  of  the  party,  that,  owing  to  the  water  being 
between  forty  and  fifty  degrees  warmer  than  the  air,  he  felt,  when 
plunged  into  it,  as  if  he  had  been  soused  into  a  hot  bath.  The 
instant,  however,  he  reached  the  pier,  and  was  lugged  out,  like  a 
half-drowned  rat,  he  was  literally  enclosed  in  a  firm  case  of  ice 
from  head  to  foot!  This  very  awkward  coat  of  mail  was  not  re- 
moved without  considerable  difficulty;  nor  was  it  till  he  had  been 
laid  for  some  hours  in  a  well-warmed  bed,  between  two  other 
persons,  that  he  could  move  at  all,  and,  for  several  months  after- 
wards, he  was  not  well  enough  to  leave  his  room. 

For  us  to  stop,  at  such  a  time  and  place,  was  impossible;  so 
away  we  shot  like  a  spear — past  Chebucto  Head,  Cape  Sambro, 
and  sundry  other  fierce-looking  black  capes  of  naked  rock.  The 
breeze  rapidly  rose  to  a  hard  gale,  which  split  our  main-topsail 
to  threads,  and  sent  the  fragments  thundering  to  leeward  in  the 
storm,  in  such  grand  style,  that,  to  this  hour,  I  can  almost  fancy 
I  hear  the  noise  in  my  ears.  I  know  few  things. more  impressive 
than  the  deep-toned  sounds  caused  by  the  flapping  of  a  wet  sail, 
in  such  a  fierce  squall  as  this,  when  the  sheets  are  carried  away, 
and  the  unconfincd  sail  is  tugging  and  tearing  to  get  clear  of  the 
yard,  which  bends  and  cracks  so  fearfully,  that  even  the  lowcr 
mast  sometimes  wags  about  like  n  reed.  I  certainly  have  heard 
thunder  far  louder  thantlie  sounds  alluded  to;  but  have  seldom 
known  it  more  effective  or  startling  than  those  of  a  sail  going  to 
pieces  in  such  a  tempest  of  wind  and  rain 

6* 


^tt-t'-fy^fi^iX^'-f 


66 


VOTAOE   FROM   HALIFAX   TO   BERMUDA. 


I  was  standing,  where  I  had  no  business  to  be,  on  the  weather 
side  of  the  quarter-deck,  holding  on  stoutly  by  one  ofthe  belaying 
pins,  and  wondering  where  this  novel  scene  was  to  end,  but  hav- 
ing an  obscure  idea  that  the  ship  was  going  to  the  bottom.  The 
admiral  was  looking  up  at  the  splitting  sail  as  composedly  as  pos- 
sible, after  desiring  that  the  main-top-men,  whose  exertions  were 
quite  useless,  should  be  called  down,  out  ofthe  way  ofthe  ropes, 
which  were  cracking  about  their  heads.  Every  now  and  then  1 
could  see  the  weather-wise  glance  of  the  veteran's  eye  directed 
to  windward,  in  hopes  that  matters  would  mend.  But  they  only 
became  worse;  and  at  last,  when  the  fore-mast  seemed  to  be 
really  in  danger,  for  it  was  bending  like  a  cane,  though  the  fore- 
sail had  been  reefed,  he  waited  not  to  run  through  the  usual  round 
of  etiquettes  by  which  an  admirfll's  commands  generally  reach 
the  executive  on  board  ship,  but  exclaimed  with  a  voice  so  loud, 
that  it  made  me  start  over  to  the  lee  side  of  the  deck : — 

•"  Man  the  fore-clue  garnets!" 

In  the  next  minute  the  sail  rose  gradually  to  the  yard,  and  the 
groaning  old  ship,  by  this  time  sorely  strained  to  her  innermost 
timber,  seemed  to  be  at  onc&  relieved  from  the  pressure  of  the 
canvass  which  had  borne  her  headlong,  right  into  the  seas,  and 
made  her  tremble  from  stem  to  stern,  almost  as  if  she  were  gomg 
to  pieces. 

The  next  thing  to  be  done  was  to  get  in  the  jib-boom,  in  order 
to  ease  the  bowsprit.  In  effecting  this  rather  troublesome  opera- 
tion, one  of  the  primest  seamen  we  had  fell  overboard.  He  was 
second  captain  ofthe  forecastle,  the  steadiness  of  whose  admirable 
skill  as  a  steersman  had,  one  day,  elicited  the  complimentary  re- 
mark from  the  captain,  that  he  must  surely  have  nailed  the  com- 
pass card  to  the  binnacle.  On  this,  and  other  accounts,  he  was 
so  much  esteemed  in  the  ship,  that  more  than  the  usual  degree  of 
r0gret  was  felt  for  his  melancholy  fate.  I  saw  the  poor  fellow 
pitch  into  the  water,  and  watched  him  as  he  floated  past,  buoyant 
as  a  cork,  and  breasting  the  waves  most  gallantly,  with  an  im- 
ploring look  towards  us,  which  I  shall  never  forget.  In  less  than 
a  minute  he  was  out  of  sight.  A  boat  could  hardly  have  lived  in 
such  weather,  and  no  further  attempt  was  made,  or  could  have 
been  made,  to  save  him,  than  to  throw  over  ropes,  which  all  fell 
short  of  their  mark.  Although  we  soon  lost  all  traces  of  him,  it 
is  probable  he  may  have  kept  sight  of  us,  as  we  drifted  quickly  to 
leeward  under  our  bare  poles,  long  after  we  had  ceased  to  distin- 
guish his  figure  in  the  yest  of  waves. 

This  gale,  the  first  I  ever  saw,  was  also,  I  can  recollect,  one  of 
tho  fiercest.  It  lasted  for  three  days,  totally  dispersed  our  little 
squadron,  well  nigh  foundered  one  of  them,  tbe  Cambrian,  and 
sent  lier  hobbling  into  Bermuda  some  days  after  us,  with  the  loss 
of  her  main-mast  and  all  three  top-masts. 

The  rock  of  the  islands  of  Bermuda  is  of  a  very  soft  coarse 


s  weather 
belaying 
but  hav- 
m.  The 
y  as  pos- 
ons  were 
he  ropes, 
nd  then  1 
',  directed 
hey  only 
ed  to  be 
the  fore- 
lal  round 
lly  reach 
i  so  loud, 


,  and  the 
nnermost 
re  of  the 
seas,  and 
ire  going 

in  order 
le  opera- 
He  was 
.dmirable 
ntary  re- 
the  com- 
I,  he  was 
egree  of 
}r  fellow 
buoyant 
th  an  im- 
less  than 
!  lived  in 
uld  have 
;h  all  fell 
if  him,  it 
uickly  to 
to  distin- 

f,  one  of 

our  little 

rian,  and 

the  loss 

I  coarse 


VOTAGE  PiadM  HALII'AX  TO  BERMUDA.  W 

freestone,  full  of  pores;  so  soft,  indeed,  that  if  it  be  required  to 
make  an  additional  window  in  a  house,  there  is  nothing  to  be 
done,  we  were  told,  but  to  hire  a  black  fellow,  who,  with  a  saw, 
could  speedily  cut  an  opening  in  any  part  of  the  wall. 

There  is  nothing  more  remarkable  in  this  singular  cluster  of 
islands  than  the  extensive  coral  reefs  which  fend  off  the  sea  on 
the  northern  side,  and  stretch  out  in  a  semi-circular  belt,  at  the 
distance  of  two  or  three  leagues  from  the  land.  On  these  treach- 
erous reefs  we  saw  many  a  poor  vessel  bilged,  at  moments  when, 
from  seeing  the  land  at  such  a  distance,  they  fancied  themselves 
in  perfect  security. 

They  tell  a  story  of  a  boatman  who,  it  was  said,  lived  by  these 
disasters,  once  going  off  to  an  unlucky  vessel,  fairly  caught  among 
the  coral  reefs,  like  a  fly  in  a  cobweb,  not  far  from  the  North 
Rock.  The  wrecker,  as  he  was  called,  having  boarded  the  be- 
wildered ship,  said  to  the  master, 

"  What  will  you  give  me,  now,  to  get  you  out  of  this  place? 
"  Oh,  any  thing  you  like — name  your  sum." 
"Five  hundred  dollars?"  . 

"  Agreed!  agreed!"  cried  the  other.  Upon  which  this  treach- 
erous pilot  '  kept  his  promise  truly  to  the  ear,  but  broke  it  to  the 
hope,'  by  taking  the  vessel  out  of  an  abominably  bad  place,  only 
to  fix  her  in  one  a  great  deal  more  intricate  and  perilous. 

"Now,"  said  the  wrecker  to  the  perplexed  and  doubly- 
cheated  stranger,  "  there  never  was  a  vessel  in  this  scrape,  that 
was  known  to  get  out  again;  and,  indeed,  there  is  but  one  man 
alive  who  knows  the  passage,  or  could,  by  any  possibility,  extri- 
cate you — and  that's  me!" 

"  I  suppose,"  drily  remarked  the  captain,  "that 'for  a  con- 
sideration' you  would  be  the  -nan  to  do  nie  that  good  Beivice. 
What  say  you  to  r.nother  fi'  hundred  dollars  to  prt  me  into 
clear  water,  beyond  your  infernal  reefs?" 

This  hard  bargain  was  soon  made;  and  a  winding  passage, 
unseen  before,  being  found,  just  wide  enough,  and  barely  deep 
enough,  for  the  vessel  to  pass  through,  with  only  six  inches  to 
spare  under  her  keel,  in  half  an  hour  she  waa  once  more  in  blue 
water,  out  of  soundings,  and  out  of  danger. 

"  Now,  master  rascallion  of  a  wrecker,"  cried  the  disentangled 
mariner,  "tit  for  tat  is  fair  play  all  the  world  over;  and,  unless 
you  hand  me  back  again  my  thousand  dollars,  I'll  cut  the  tow 
rope  of  your  thiejiish-looking  boat,  and  then,  instead  ol  returning 
evil  for  evil,  as  I  ought  by  rights  to  do,  I'll  be  more  of  a  Christ- 
ian, and  do  you  a  very  great  service,  by  carrying  you  away  from 
one  of  the  most  infamous  places  in  the  world,  to  the  finest  country 
imaginable— I  mean  America.  And  as  you  seem  to  have  e  certain 
touch  of  black  blood  in  your  veins,  I  may  chance  to  get  good  in- 
terest for  ray  loan  of  these  thousand  dollars,  by  selling  you  tu  a  slave 
=n  the  Charleston  negro  market!  What  'say  you,  my  gay  Mudian? 


Vli 


•    i 


rs 


k^Tf 


DE  BOUOAINTILLE. 


DE  BOUGAINVILLE. 


A  settlement  having  been  commencea  by  the  French  on  Falk- 
land's Islands,  in  the  month  of  February,  1764,  the  Spaniards  de- 
manded them  as  an  appendage  to  the  continent  of  South  America, 
and  France  having  allowed  the  propriety  of  the  demand.  Mons.de 
Bougainville  was  ordered  to  yield  possession  of  the  islands  to  the 

^''on"he'5th  of  December  he  sailed  from  the  harbor  of  Brest, 
in  the  frigate  La  Boudeuse;  having  on  board  the  Prince  of  JNas- 
sau  Seighen,  three  gentlemen  who  went  as  volunteers,  eleven 
officers  in  commission,  and  warrant-officers,  seamen,  soldiers, 
servants  and  boys,  to  the  number  of  two  hundred  O"  *»«  even- 
ine  of  the  29th  of  January,  they  had  sight  of  Rio-de-la-l'lata, 
and  on  the  morning  of  the  31st  came  to  anchor  m  the  Bay  oi 
Montevideo,  where  the  two  Spanish  ships,  *rhich  were  to  take 
possession  of  Falkland's  Islands,  had  been  at  anchor  for  some 
weeks.  They  sailed  with  these  ships  on  the  28th  of  February 
1767;  and,  on  the  Ist  of  April,  Bougainville  m  the  na™«  "f  t^h 
French  king,  surrendered  the  islands  to  Don  Puente,  the  Spanish 
governor,  who  received  them  for  his  most  Catholic  majesty,  with 
the  ceremony  of  hoisting  the  Spanish  colors,  and  the  firing  of 
suns  from  the  ships  and  on  shore. 

*  Falkland's  Islands  lie  ia  about  52  deg.   «outh  latitude   and 
60  deg.  west  longitude.     From  the  entrance  of  the   Straits  of 
Maaellan.  and  from  the  coast  of  Patagonia,  their  distance   is 
Kt  two  hundred   and  fifty  miles      f  he   harbors   are   large 
and   well  defended  by  small    islands    most   happily   disposed . 
and  even  the  smallest  vessels  may  ride  in  safety  >«.the  creeks, 
while  fresh  water  is  easily  to  be  obtained.     After  waitmg  at  these 
islands  till  the  2d  of  June.  1'67.  m   expectation  of  the  Etoile 
itore-ship  from  Europe.  Bougainville  steered  ^^^ ^'^^'^^^ZV' 
which  place  he  had  appointed  the  Etoille  to  join  him.     TJiey  had 
fine  weather  from  the  2d  till  the  20th  of  June   on  -»"«h  d^XjfY 
had  siaht  of  the  mountains  on  the  mam  land  of  Brazil,  and  enter- 
ed Rio-Janeiro  the  day  following.     At  the  same  time  a  canoe  w^ 
despatched  from  the  captain  of  the  Etoile,  with  information  of 
the  safe  arrival  of  that  vessel,  which  now  lay  in  the  port,  and 
on  the  14th  July,  both  vessels  sailed,  and  on  the  31st  came  to  an- 
chor in  the  Bay  of  Montevideo.     As  it  was  necessary  that  Bougain- 
ville should  remain  in  his  present  station  till  the  equinox  was  pass- 
ed his  first  care  was  to  build  a  hospital  for  the  sick,  and  to  take 

'fel4torNo"::mber.  1767,  they  sailed  from  Montevideo, 
with  a  fine  gal.  ..f  wind  at  north.  On  the  16th,  and  the  five  fol- 
lowing days,  the  sea  ran  high,  and  the  wind  was  contrary.  The 
^  ofl)ecen  ber  they  had  sight  of  Cape  Virgins,  with  a  fair  wind 


DE     BOUGAINVILLE. 


69 


Thev  now  saw  a  number  of  albatrosses  and  petrels,  the  last  of 
which  are  said  to  be  a  si?^  of  bad  weather  whenever  they  arc 
Teen  They  made  their  best  cfTor'-  W  each  the  entrance  of  the 
StraitsofMagcUan;  and  Bougainvi.'«v.as  seven  weeks  and  diree 

days  in  passing  through  it,  the  whole  length  of  winch  from  Cape 
Virgin  Mary  to  Cape  Pillar,  he  computes  at  about  three  hund- 
rod  and  forty  miles.  ,       ,     , 

On  the  2'id  of  March,  land  was  discovered,  and  when  they  Had 
coasted  one  of  the  islands  for  about  two  miles,  they  had  sight  of 
three  men,  who  advanced  hastily  towards  the  shore.  They  at 
first  imagined  that  those  were  part  of  the  crew  of  some  European 
ship,  which  had  been  wrecked  on  the  coast,  but  discovered  then^ 
conjecture  ill-founded,  for  the  people  retired  to  the  woods,  from 
which,  in  a  short  time,  issued  a  number  of  them,  supposed  to  be 
near  t  venty,  with  long  staves  in  their  hands,  which  they  held  up 
with  an  air  of  defiance.  This  done,  they  retreated  to  the  woods. 
These  islanders  were  of  a  copper  complexion  and  very  tall. 

Siring  the  night  between  the  22d  and  23d  they  had  much  ram 
accompanied  with  violent  thunder,  while  the  wind  blew  almost 
a  tempest.  At  day-break  land  was  discovered,  which  was  called 
Harp  Island,  and  in  the  evening  a  cluster  of  islands,  eleven  of 
which  were  seen,  received  the  name  of  the  Dangerous  Archipel- 
•  ago.  A  steep  mountain,  which  appeared  to  be  encompassed  by 
the  sea,  was  discovered  on  the  2d  of  .April^  and  received  the 
name  of  Boudoir,  or  Boudeus'e  Peak,  from  Bougainville's  ship. 
Bearing  to  the  northward  of  this  peak  they  had  sight  of  land, 
which  extended  farther  than  the  eye  could  reach 

As  Bougainville  coasted  the  island,  he  was  charmed  with  the 
appearance  of  a  noble  cascade,  which,  falling  unmediately  from 
the  summit  of  a  mountain  into  the  sea,  produced  a  most  elegant 
effect      On  the  shores  very  near  to  the  fall  of  this  cascade   was 
a  litie  town,  and  the  coast  appeared  to  be  free  ('om  breaUors. 
It  was  the  wish  of  our  adventurers  to  have  cast  their  anchor  with- 
in view  of  such  an  enchanting  prospect;  b"t,  after  repeated  sound- 
inira  they  found  that  the  bottom  consisted  only  of  rocks,  and  they 
'    wfre,  therefore,  under  a  necessity  of  seeking  another  anchoring 
olace,  where  the  ships  were  saiely  moored. ,     ^  ,     .,      ,       ^, 
•^  They  remained  at  Otaheite,  until  the  16th  of  April,  when  they 
departed,  and  in  the  beginning  of  May  three  .slants  were  discov- 
ered     On  the  following  day  another  island  was  seen  to  the  west- 
ward of  the  ship's  course.     To  the  islands  the  commodore  gave 
The  general  name  of  the  Archipelago  "^  the  Navigators.     On  the 
morning  of  the  llth,  another  island  was  discovered,  which  re- 
ceived the  name  of  the  Forlorn  Hope. 

The  ships  now  steered  a  westerly  course,  and  early  on  the 
morning  of  the  22d  two  islands  were  discovered,  one  otwhicji  re- 
ceived the  name  Aurora,  from  the  early  hour  on  which  it  Mfas  first 
wen,  and  the  other  that  of  Whitsuntide  Isle,  from  the  day  which 


4  ■  '-l^ 


70 


DB  BOUQAJNVILLl. 


if    i 


i'l  <i 


\ 


II 


gave  birth  to  its  being  bo  named.  In  the  afternoon,  mountainous 
lands,  at  thirty  miles  distance,  were  seen,  appearing,  as  it  were, 
over  and  beyond  the  Island  of  Aurora.  On  the  23d  it  was  discover- 
ed that  this  was  a  separate  inland,  the  appearance  being  lofty,  its 
descent  steep,  and  the  whole  clothed  with  trees.  From  this  time 
to  the  27th,  they  passed  many  islands,  on  one  of  which  they  ob- 
served a  fine  plantation  of  trees,  between  which  there  were  reg- 
ular walks,  resembling  those  of  an  European  garden.  They  now 
quitted  this  great  cluster  of  islands,  which  received  the  general 
name  of  Archipelago  of  the  great  Cyclades,  which,  it  is  conjectur- 
ed, occupies  no  less  than  three  degrees  of  latitude,  and  Ave  of 
longitude. 

From  the  14th  to  the  18th  of  June,  they  discovered  a  number 
of  islands.  On  July  the  3d  a  cape  was  discovered,  which  was 
called  Cape  I'Averdi,  on  which  were  mountains  of  an  astonishing 
height.  Two  more  islands  were  seen  on  the  5th,  and,  as  the  wood 
and  water  were  expended,  and  disease  reigning  aboard,  the  com- 
modore resolved  to  land  here,  and,  on  the  following  afternoon, 
the  ships  came  to  anchor.  n 

In  the  afternoon  of  the  24th  a  favorable  breeze  enabled  the  ships 
to  get  out  to  sea.  On  the  31st  a  number  of  Indian  boats  attacked 
the  £toile  with  a  volley  of  stones  and  arrows ;  but  a  single  discharge 
of  the  musketry  got  rid  of  these  troublesome  companions.  On  the 
4th  of  August  two  islands  were  seen.  On  the  dth  a  third  island 
was  seen,  and  then  the  northern  point  of  New  Britain,  which  lies 
only  forty  one  minutes  south  of  the  land.  On  the  7th  a  flat  island 
was  seen,  covered  with  trees,  abounding  with  cocoa-nuts.  Fish- 
ing-boat'' in  multitudes  surrounding  the  island ;  out  the  fishermen 
took  no  notice  of  the  ships.  This  received  the  name  of  the  Island 
of  Anchorets.  From  this  time  till  the  end  of  the  month  innumera- 
ble small  islands  were  observed  every  day. 

Early  in  the  morning  of  the  31st  our  voyagers  had  sight  of  the 
island  of  Coram,  which  runs  in  a  parallel  east  and  west,  abounds  in 
lofty  mountains,  and  is  partly  cleared,  and  partly  in  its  original 
state.  At  midnight  a  number  of  fires  attracted  their  attention  to 
the  island  of  Boero,  where  there  is  a  Dutch  factory,  at  the  en- 
trance of  the  Gulf  of  Cagei,  which  the  French  had  sight  of  at 
day-break.  Their  joy  on  this  occasion  is  not  to  be  expressed,  for 
at  this  time  not  half  of  the  seamen  were  able  to  perform  any 
duty,  and  the  scurvy  had  raged  so  violently,  that  no  man  on  board 
was  perfectly  clear  of  it. 

They  sailed  on  the  7th  September  and  on  the  13th  the  ships  were 
surrounded  with  Indian  boats,  bringing  parroqucts,  cockatoos, 
fowls,  eggs,  and  bananas,  which  the  natives  sold  for  Dutch  money, 
or  exchanged  for  knives.  By  day-light  on  the  19th  the^  were 
within  about  a  league  of  the  Coast  of  Celibes,  which  in  this  part 
is  described  as  one  of  the  finoRt  countries  in  the  world.  On  the 
morning  of  the  26th  the  coast  of  Java  appeared  with  the  rising 


XL. 


HISTORY    OF    THK   BUCCANEERS. 


^ 


I0U8 

ere, 
ver- 
;  its 
ime 
ob- 
reg- 
tiow 
oral 
tur- 
eof 

iber 
was 
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rood 

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ked 
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land 
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en- 
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\ 


sun  Having  come  to  an  anchor  for  the  night,  the  ships  sailed 
early  in  the  morning  of  the  27th  and  on  the  next  day  came  to 
anchor  in  the  port  of  Batavia. 

The  ships  sailed  thence  on  the  16th  of  October,  1768,  and 
cleared  the  straits  of  Sunda  on  the  19th  in  the  afternoon.  By 
this  time  the  crew  were  all  perfectly  recovered  of  the  scurvy,  but 
a  few  remained  ill  of  the  bloody  flux.  On  the  20th  the  ships  were 
in  sight  of  the  Isle  of  France,  and,  on  the  8th  of  Novemuer,  the 
Boudeuse  anchored  in  the  port  of  that  island;  the  Etoile,  which 
had  been  unavoidably  left  behind,  anchoring  m  the  same  port  on 
the  following  day.  ,       .      ^, 

They  sailed  from  this  the  12th  of  December,  1768,  leaving  the 
Etoile  behind  them  to  undergo  some  necessary  repairs.  Without 
encountering  any  singular  accident  they  had  sight  of  the  Cape 
of  Good  Hope  on  the  18th  of  January,  and  came  to  anchor  m  1  able 
Bay  on  the  following  morning.  Bougainville  quitted  this  on  the 
nth,  anchored  off  St.  Helena  on  the  4th  of  February,  and  on  the 
25th,  joined  the  Swallow,  commanded  by  Captain  Cartert.  jMoth- 
in<r  material  happened  from  this  time  till  they  had  sight  of  the  Isle 
of^Ushant,  where  a  violent  squall  of  wind  had  nearly  blasted  the 
hopes  of  the  voyage.  On  the  I5th  the  commodore  bore  away  for 
St  Maloes,  which  he  entered  on  the  following  day,  after  an  ab- 
sence of  two  years  and  four  months  from  his  native  country ; 
during  all  which  time  he  had  buried  only  seven  of  his  crew,  a 
circumstance  that  will  be  deemed  truly  astonishing,  when  we  re- 
flect on  the  variety  of  dangers  they  had  encountered  and  the 
amazing  changes  of  climate  they  had  experienced. 


HISTORY  OF  THE  BUCCANEERS. 

The  name  Buccaneer,  which  originally  signified  one  who  dried 
or  smoked  flesh  in  the  manner  of  the  Indians,  was  given  to  the 
first  French  settlers  of  St.  Domingo,  who  hunted  wild  boars  and 
cattle,  in  order  to  sell  the  hides  and  flesh  to  their  more  settled 
neighbors.  They  lived  in  huts  built  on  patches  of  cleared  ground, 
iust  sufficiently  large  to  admit  of  drying  the  skins.  These  spots 
were  named  Boucans,  and  the  huts,  which  were  commonly  only 
temporary,  Ajoupas,  terms  borrowed  from  the  native  Indians. 
With  the  more  regular  Spanish  settlers  of  the  same  island  they 
wer-  continually  at  war,  aad  therefore  concealment  was,  in  some 
degree,  necessary:  the  motives  of  the  Spaniards  for  this  pewecu- 
tion  being  jealousy  of  the  presence  of  all  other  Europeans. 

The  tenants  of  the  Boucans,  having  neither  women  nor  children, 
congregated  in  parties,  each  keeping  a  servant,  who,  being  some 


WmMm^^iiiimit'mRimi'Sit'Ji^'.iMmtm 


1 


n 


i-    i 


HISTORY   OF    THE    BUCCANEERS. 


adventurer  from  Europe,  was  obliged  to  bind  himself  for  three 
years  to  an  older  Buccaneer,  in  order  to  gain  a  footing  in  the 
community;  more  a  companion,  hovvevci^,  than  a  servant,  the  fruits 
of  their  labors  were  enjoyed  in  common;  and,  in  cases  of  death, 
the  domestic  regularly  succeeded  to  the  property  of  his  master. 
In  process  of  time,  some,  tired  of  this  occupation,  settled  as  plant- 
ers in  the  little  island  of  Tortuga,  situated  at  a  short  distance 
from  the  north  side  of  St.  Domingo,  to  which  they  were,  by  de- 
grees, driven  by  the  repeated  massacres  of  the  Spaniards.  Others 
commenced  free-hooters  by  sea,  amply  revenging  upon  that  nation 
the  injuries  sustained  by  their  companions  on  land.  Success  con- 
tinually added  to  their  confidence  and  to  their  numbers.  They 
seldom  at  first,  acted  together;  but  in  parties  of  from  fifty  to  two 
hundred  men  each,  embarked  in  small  boats,  ill  adapted  cither  to 
war  or  security  from  the  elements,  and  would  attack  the  largest 
vessels,  overpowering  them  by  a  desperate  bravery  which  nothing 
could  withstand.  Thus  they  fought  their  way  to  riches  and  power 
Every  additional  prize  afforded  increased  means  of  capturing 
others;  till,  at  length,  the  Spaniards,  afraid  of  proceeding  to  sea, 
had  their  intercourse  with  the  mother-country  nearly  annihilated. 

Although  their  vengeance  was  directed  against  this,  their 
wealthiest  and  bitterest  enemy,  other  nations  were  not  exempted 
fi"om  their  depredations.  When  distressed  for  men,  money,  or 
ships,  almost  every  stranger  became  an  enemy.  Thus  far  they 
were  pirates.  The  booty  was  regularly  divided  into  as  many 
shares  as  there  were  men.  None  had  a  preference.  The  leader 
of  an  enterprise,  commonly  elected  only  for  the  occasion,  among 
the  most  distinguished  for  skill  and  courage,  enjoyed  more  lion  ■ 
ors,  but  had  no  claim  to  greater  emoluments  than  his  associates, 
except  what  the  general  voice  chose  to  award  when  an  enterprise 
proved  profitable,  and  had  been  able  conducted. 

No  fixed  laws  guided  their  proceedings.  These  were  made 
upon  the  spur  of  the  occasion.  But  offences  against  the  general 
good,  such  as  peculation  or  treachery,  were  severely  and  summa- 
rily punished,  either  by  death,  or  by  leaving  the  culprit  upon  a  de- 
sert island.  Such  was  the  certainty  of  punishment,  or  the  sense 
of  justice  to  each  other,  that  few  instances  of  this  kind  occurred. 
Their  behavior  verified  the  adage  of— "Honesty  among  thieves;" 
for  though  robbers  by  profession,  none  were  ever  more' equitable 
among  themselves.  Every  share  was  chosen  by  lot.  The  woun- 
ded were  provided  for  by  a  certain  sum,  and  an  allowance  during 
cure.  The  companion,  or  servant  of  a  member  killed,  received 
his  share.  If  he  had  none,  it  was  transmitted  to  his  relations;  or, 
if  these  were  unknown,  given  to  the  poor,  or  to  churches,  to  apo- 
logize for  misdeeds  neither  repented  of  nor  discontinued.  They 
seldom  went  to  sea  except  when  in  want  of  mo.iey,  and,  when  gain- 
ed, it  was  as  quickly  spent.  Jamaica  commonly  formed  the  resort 
of  the  English,  and  St.  Domingo  of  the  French,  where  the  fruits 


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HISTORY  OF   THE  BUCCANEERS. 


IS 


•P 


of  their  cruizes  being  soon  dissipated  in  rioting  nnd  delauchery, 
necessity  drove  them  to  the  same  desperate  undertakmgs  for  further 

supplies.  .    .        „      .  .  r 

Tliese  associations  continued,  with  but  few  mtermissions,  for 
nearly  150  years,  peace  or  war  in  Europe  being  of  no  import  in 
the  eyes  of  their  leaders.  The  principal  of  these  were  Morgan, 
Sammn  Wilner,  Towley,  and  others,  among  the  English;  Mont- 
bar,  L'Olonois,  Grognier,  Picard,  Le  Sage,  and  Giammont, 
among  the  French;  Van  Horn,  a  Dutchman,  and  Do  fiasco,  a 

Portuguese. 

Morpan,  the  most  renowned  of  the  English  freebooters,  atter  a 
variety^'of  minor  exploits,  conceived  the  bold  project  of  subdumg 
Porto-Bello,  which  he  accomplished  with  great  skill  and  no  loss, 
gaining  a  large  booty  from  its  plunder  and  ransom.     Panama, 
aowevcr,  a  large  town,  situated  across  the  isthmus  of  Uarien,  ontlie 
shore  of  the  South  Seas,  promised  still  more  wealth.     Having  re- 
duced the  island  of  St.  Catharine's  by  a  secret  understandmg  with 
the   Spanish  governor,  who  wished  to  have  the  honor,  though 
not  the  danger,  of  resisting  the  adventurers,  he   proceeded  to  the 
mouth  of  the  river  Chagres,  leading  part  of  the  way  to  las  ulti- 
mate destination.     Here  was  a  fort  situated  upon  a  r^ck,  against 
which  beat  tlie  waves  of  the  sea;  and  defended  by  an  officer  and 
a  garrison,  worthy  of  the  trust  committed  to  their  courage.      Ihe 
buccaneers  attacked  it  with  desperation,,  and  were  as  vigorously 
resisted   but  this  resistance  only  stimulated  the  energy  of  men  ac- 
customed, not  merely  to  expect,  but  almost  to  comumnd  success 
For  some  time  the   contest  continued  doubtful,  till  a  lucky  shot 
killed  the  commander  of  the  fort,  while,  at  the  same  tune,  it  took 
fire,  when  the  besieged,  losing  courage,  surrendered. 

Morgan  leaving  his  vessels  at  anchor  under  a  guard,  proceeded 
in  canoes  up  the  river,  thirty-five  miles,  where  being  no  longer 
navigable,  he  disembarked,  and  marched  towards  Panama  about 
thirty  miles  distant.  On  a  plain,  without  the  town,  a  considerable 
army  appeared  drawn  up  to  oppose  his  progress.  Ihis  was  no 
sooner  attacked  than  dispersed.  In  the  city,  in  boats  and  in  the 
neighboring  forests,  were  found  vast  treasures  concealed  m  caves 
and  cellars,  the  inhabitants  having  had  time  to  retire  themselves, 
but  not  to  carry  off  their  wealth;  added  to  these  were  immense 
auantilies  of  valuable  articles  of  commerce,  which,  being  unable 
to  remove,  were,  as  well  as  the  town,  according  to  tlie  barbarous 
practice  of  that  age,  set  on  fire  by  the  adventurers,  who  regained 

their  ships  with  a  prodigious  booty.  

Among  the  French,  who  distinguished  themselves  as  much  tor 
cruelty  as  bravery,  was  Montbar,  a  native  of  Languedoc.  He 
had  in  early  life,  conceived  a  strong  prejudice  against  tlie  bpan- 
iards.  on  account  of  their  cruelties  to  the  Indians;  this  spirit  in- 
creasing with  his  years,  he  embarked  from  Europe  to  join  the 
buccaneers.    In  the  passage  out,  a  Spanish  vessel  being  met  with, 

7 


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HISTORY   OP   THE    BrcCANEERS. 


WH  attacked,  boarded,  and  taken,  Montbar  leading  the  way  to 
the  decks  of  the  enemy,  along  which  he  carried  wounds  and  death, 
nothing  being  able  to  resist  his  desperate  fury ;  and  when  submis- 
sion terminated  the  engagement,  his  only  pleasure  seemed  to  be 
to  contemplate,  not  the  treasures  of  the  vessel,  but  the  number 
of  dead  and  dying  Spaniards,  against  whom  he  had  vowed  a  dead- 

gand  eternal  hatred.     This  inveterate  enmity  never  subsif"  ,u 
is  opponents  suffered  go  much  and  so  frequently  from  it,  during 
the  whole  of  his  life,  that  he  acquired  from  them  the  name  of  the 
Exterminator. 

Another  of  the  same  nation,  named  L'Olonois,  from  the  situa- 
tion of  bondsman,  had  raised  himself  to  the  command  of  two  boats 
and  twenty-two  men,  with  which  he  was  bold  enough  to  attack, 
and  fortunate  enough  to  capture  a  small  Spanish  frigate  on  the 
coast  of  Cuba.  With  this  vessel  he  succeeded  in  taking  four  ships 
fitted  out  at  Port-au-Prince  to  destroy  him;  but  cruelly  threw  their 
crews  overboard,  excepting  one  man,  sent  back  to  the  governor 
of  the  Havannah,  with  a  message  that  all  Spaniards  who  might 
iall  into  his  hands,  not  excepting  even  his  excellency  himself, 
should  experience  a  similar  fate.  At  Tortuga  he  met  with  Michael 
de  Basco,  already  celebrated  for  having  taken  a  ship  under  the 
guns  of  Porto  Bello,  valued  at  JE220,000,  and  a  variety  of  other 
enterp<-ises  both  daring  and  profitable.  Between  them  a  new  ex- 
pedition was  planned,  supported  by  450  men;  in  the  bay  of 
Venezuela  they  reduced  a  Ibrt,  sinking  the  guns,  and  cruelly  put- 
ting the  garrison  of  250  men  to  death.  Re-embarking,  they 
reached  Maracaybo,  built  on  the  western  shore  of  the  lake  of  that 
name,  a  city  which  had  acquired  wealth  by  its  trade  in  skins, 
cocoa,  and  tobacco.  The  inhabitants,  at  the  first  alarm,  fled  with 
their  principal  effects ;  enough,  however,  remained  to  keep  the  buc- 
caneers in  drunkenness  and  debauchery  for  some  time ;  in  the 
mean  while  works  were  thrown  up  to  impede  their  progress,  which 
they  reduced  at  the  expense  of  blood  and  labor,  but  without  any 
profit.  Maracaybo  itself  was  ransomed;  Gibraltar,  situated  near 
the  extremity  of  the  lake,  wu::  burned,  owing  to  the  exasperation 
of  the  adventurers  at  missing  the  expected  plunder;  and,  at  length 
they  retired  laden  with  crosses,  pictures,  and  bells,  more  than 
witk  wealth. 

Van  Home,  in  1603,  formed  the  design  of  an  expedition,  which 
promised  a  rich  harvest  to  his  followers.  He  himself  was  at  once 
their  admiration  and  terror,  being  not  only  remarkable  for  intre- 
pidity but  for  punishing  the  smallest  want  of  it  in  others,  oflen  go- 
ing round  the  decks  during  the  heat  of  an  engagement,  and  instant- 
ly shooting  those  who,  in  the  smallest  degree,  flinched  from  their 
guns.  In  other  respects  he  was  equitable  and  generoun,  sharing 
equally  with  his  crew  the  produce  of  their  courage,  though  sail- 
insin  a  ship  wholly  his  private  property. 

To  aid  in  the  present  scheme,  he  took  Gramont,  Godfrey,  Jon- 


que,  and  D 

with  1200  I 

and  in  six  ^ 

of  the  armi 

eight  mile: 

day-break, 

diers  capab 

fuge  in  the 

gunpowder 

der  to  desti 

work  of  pil 

nothing  bei 

A  proposal 

not  tasted  : 

for  a  sum 

compelled  i 

and  the  otfa 

a  large  arm 

teen  ships 

to  intimidal 

no  other  ei 

quietly  wit 

half  of  the 

Spanish  fle 

escape  froi 

For   a  1 

Scarcely  a 

in  the  intei 

for  the  fori 

attempted  i 

the  decline 

considerab 

found  800  I 

who  were 

close  behii 

non  they  < 

ed  what  fo 

buccaneer 

EngUshmc 

disdained  i 

it  appeare 

highly  did 

assailants, 

that  they  i 

only  with 

For  tw 

searching 

the  countr 


I. 


':>~i!B 


,_i.aii  iri  irfHriirr"*''^ ''" 


fiffif^annwiip 


DMoiiiiliiiiiiCT-uHirr'^f 


IflSTOBY  OF   THE   BUCCANEERS. 


u 


que,  and  De  GrafT,  all  commanders  of  approved  skill  and  courage, 
with  1200  men,  the  largest  force  which  had  yet  been  mustered, 
and  in  six  vessels  sailed  for  Vera  Cruz.  Night,  and  ignorance 
of  the  armament,  favoring  their  design,  the  buccaneers  landed 
eight  miles  from  the  town,  entered  it  undiscovered,  and,  before 
day-break,  secured  the  governor,  forts,  barracks,  and  all  the  sol- 
diers capable  of  making  opposition.  The  inhabitants  sought  re- 
fuge in  the  churches,  at  the  doors  of  which  were  placed  barrels  of 
gunpowder,  guarded  by  the  invaders  with  lighted  matches,  in  or- 
der to  destroy  the  whole  in  case  of  insurrection  or  tumult.  The 
work  of  pillage,  in  the  meantime,  proceeded  without  interruption, 
nothing  being  left  which  it  was  possible  or  desirable  to  carry  away. 
A  proposal  was  likewise  made  to  the  imprisoned  people,  who  had 
not  tasted  food  for  three  days,  to  ransom  their  lives  and  freedom 
for  a  sum  of  JE430,000.  This,  whether  able  or  not,  they  were 
compelled  to  accede  to,  half  the  money  being  paid  immediately, 
and  the  other  half  promised  in  a  few  days.  Suddenly,  however, 
a  large  armed  force  appeared  before  the  town,  and  a  fleet  of  seven- 
teen ships  from  Europe  before  the  port,  which  though  sufficient 
to  intimidate  a  regular  army,  if  not  to  desert  their  plunder,  had 
no  other  effect  on  the  buccaneers  than  to  induce  them  to  retreat 
quietly  with  1500  slaves,  as  an  indemnification  for  the  remaining 
half  of  the  expected  ransom,  and  to  push  deliberately  through  the 
Spanish  fleet,  which,  instead  of  intercepting,  was  itself  happy  to 
escape  from  such  terrible  assailants. 

For  a  long  series  of  years  these  depredations  continued. 
Scarcely  a  town  escaped,  except  such  as  were  situated  very  far 
in  the  interior;  forts  and  soldiers  were  of  little  use  on  the  coast, 
for  the  former  were  soon  reduced,  and  the  latter,  whenever  they 
attempted  a  fair  contest  in  the  field,  always  conquered.  Towards 
the  decline  of  this  predatory  warfare,  Gramont  embarked  with  a 
considerable  force  for  Campeachy,  and  landing  without  opposition, 
found  800  Spaniards  drawn  up  to  dispute  the  approach  of  the  town, 
who  were  attacked,  beaten,  and  pursued  into  it,  with  the  invaders 
close  behind,  till  stopped  by  the  citadel.  Against  this  all  the  can- 
non they  <  Id  find  was  directed  in  vain.  Fear,  however,  effect- 
ed what  force  could  not.  The  garrison  dreading  the  name  of  the 
buccaneers,  evacuated  the  place  during  the  night,  leaving  only  an 
Englishman  in  it,  (a  gunner,)  who,  with  the  spirit  of  a  soldier, 
disdained  to  desert  that  which  he  had  sworn  to  defend,  and  which, 
it  appeared,  was  capable  of  being  obstinately  defended;  and  so 
highly  did  this  principle  of  honor  and  courage  operate  upon  the 
assailants,  who  were  held  together  solely  by  the  same  feelings, 
that  they  received  him  with  distinction,  and  rewarded  him,  not 
only  with  praises  and  liberty,  but  likewise  with  wealth. 

For  two  months  the  conquerors  kept  possession  of  the  city, 
searching  not  only  every  nook  and  corner  in  it  for  plunder,  buV 
the  country,  for  thirty  or  forty  miles  round  discovering  what  had 


■  «ife»!!'jtiai^wiii>iBiiMOM«J.»**w* 


■~Vi 


■  \       ■! 


TB 


HISTORY   OF    THE    BUCCANEERS 


, 


l\ 


III 


4 


■  ',' 


»■< 


been  hidden  in  the  earth  or  in  the  woods,  to  the  great  loss  of  the 
inhabitants,  who  vainly  believed  they  had,  by  this  means,  secured 
part  of  their  property.  Tiie  plunder,  as  soon  as  collected,  was 
deposited  on  ship-bof.-d.  The  governor  of  tlie  province  kept  the 
field  with  nearly  a  thousand  men,  but  dared  not  interrupt  men 
who  seemed  as  desperate,  wherever  booty  was  to  be  procured, 
as  they  were  insensible  to  danger  and  regardless  of  death.  His 
refusal  to  ransom  the  city  caused  its  immediate  destruction  by 
fire.  The  citadel,  likewise,  was  levelled  to  the  ground.  A  more 
extraordinary  sacrifice  on  the  part  of  the  free-booters  was  by  a  bon- 
fire, made  of  logwood,  valued  at  £\  ,000,000  and  forming  part  of  the 
plunder,  which,  in  celebrating  the  festival  of  St.  Louis,  on  the 
anniversary  of  the  French  king,  whose  subjects  they  principally 
were,  was  given  to  the  flames  in  the  intoxication  of  folly  rather 
than  of  loyalty. 

The  last  memorable  attempt  of  the  buccaneers,  on  a  large  scale, 
in  this  part  of  the  world,  took  place  in  1G97,  when  twelve  hun- 
dred men  joined  a  squadron  of  seven  ships  from  Europe,  in  order 
to  attack  the  city  of  Carthagena.  Their  commander  was  named 
Pointis,  a  man  of  little  honor  or  generosity,  but  intent  on  aggran- 
dizing himself.  The  enterprise  was  arduous;  the  place  the  strong- 
est in  the  new  world;  the  port  difiicult  of  approach  to  enemies; 
and,  if  not  immediately  reduced,  the  climate  so  bad,  that  were  the 
Spaniards  even  to  do  nothing  more  than  to  contrive  delays,  it  woult* 
soon  destroy  the  invaders.  This,  however,  the  latter  knew.  They, 
therefore,  proceeded  vigorously  to  work,  seconded  by  that  zeal 
accustomed  to  contend  with  and  to  conquer  next  to  impossibilities; 
of  guns  they  had  no  want,  and  theii-  men  were  prodigal  of  their 
blood ;  each  fought  as  if  his  individual  honor  and  interest  were 
at  stake,  which,  indeed,  formed  the  life  of  these  associations;  and 
their  good  fortune,  as  usual,  prevailing,  the  city  yielded  to  their 
arms  with  a  booty  calculated  at  £1,750,000. 

Of  a  great  part  of  this  they  were  deprived  by  tli^^  knavish  ra- 
pacity of  their  commander.  Exasperated  at  his  tricks,  a  party 
proceeded  toward  his  siiip,  determined  to  inflict  summary  punish- 
ment on  the  offender,  but  recollecting  this  could  be  of  no  imme- 
diate service,  cried  out,  "Brethren,  why  should  we  pollute 
ourselves  with  the  blood  of  this  knave  ?  He  is  unworthy  the  in- 
dignation of  honorable  men!  Let  him  live  to  be  despised  and 
hooted,  rather  than  die  lamented  by  any  one  who  may  hear  of  his 
fate,  without  knowing  his  crimes.  Our  share  of  the  booty  is  still 
at  Carthagena,  and  there  alone  must  we  look  for  it." 

Returning  to  the  city,  which  was  re-entered  without  opposition, 
the  inhabitants  were  shut  up  in  the  churches  till  the  sum  of  £220, 
000  should  be  paid,  the  amount  of  the  sum  of  which  they  believed 
themselves  defrauded.  Possessed  of  this,  they  promised  to  retire 
without  molestation  to  property  or  person;  without  it  they  threat- 
ened the  most  frightful  destruction  to  both.     Unable,  or  unwilling, 


to  satisfy  m 

was  darinf 

to  do.     A 

by  the  fore 

which  it  ws 

and  which 

destructivt 

expected,! 

with  riotin 

ables  of  ul 

afterwards 

in  alliance 

being  tak« 

of  due  ret 

which  had 

unsanctioi 

From  tl 

coming  sse 

they  were 

war  to  cle 

which  ha 

regarded 

who  pers 

others,  m 

encourag 

The  renc 

the  more 

the  great 

name  of 

obliterati 

be  forgo 

It  mu 

some  mi 

the  Spai 

the  Indi 

despoilii 

far  from 

merely 


all! 


,:4Hi  ..iiijury-rLi-  "'tT'"-*"  ■■ifn;iiiijiiiiir'iniiiii1iMli 


jjj)i^mi.'j|ijiii)iTT  ir  -     I' I  '   ,•* 


* 


THE   WRECKERS. 


n 


tn  satisfy  men  whose  wants  were  as  boundless  at.  their  conduct 
waf  darinTand  unprincplcd,  the  pour   people  knew  not  what 
r  La  venerable  pries  .  at  length,  mounted  the  pulpit,  to  aid 
b°v  the  f^ce  ofrel  giouB  doquenci,,  the  exactions  of  that  rapacity 

^ih:£:t^t::^^^^^  : =r  t:« 
"S^  n;;?rSreSi;i:a^^^ 

r;wlr"in5  ced  by  th'S  can  powers,  sending  out  ships-of- 
lers  mo  '  Ispose'd  to'acquire  wealth  by  honest  means  rec-ved 
?ntu;agement  Lm  the  local  gove.^^^^^^^^^^^  in  grants^  oMand. 

SrieSrrnrai.  but  the  Spaniar'lls,  by  whom  they  will  never 

^^uTust "also  be   admitted,  that,  these  adve.iturers  acted    ij 
«ome  retire,  trom  P-ciple      Ma-X  ---^^^^^^^^^^ 
the  fPji«^P-;le  on  a-oun^^ol^^^^^    JSd'they  were  only 
the  Indians.     In  plunaerin     i        ,       j  ^^^^^    ^^^ 

tr  So'^JSg  £  '^cS:  ".fcLnes.  .,.eeU  .hem  no. 
merely  honorable  but  just. 


THE  AVRECKERS. 

"  A  storm !   A  storm !"  the  Wreckers  cry  > 
As  they  look  from  the  shore-yet  no  storm  seems  mgh  , 
But  wind  and  billow,  wreck  and  ship, 
Along  Jie  main  seem  all  asleep  ^ 


mU  imunMiim 


miimm«i>tfMitmiitmttitmm 


•mmu'- »' 


r" 


78  VOTAOB   or    CArTAIlf   JAMES. 

But  where  is  the  day  ? — '  Tin  gone  '.  Not.  a  trac» 
Of  the  sun  !  Thn  cloud  lias  taKen  his  place, 
And  moves  not — breaks  not — hanging  there, 
Aa  't  were  fixed  in  the  sultry,  thick'ning  air! 

A  flash  I — AnoLhcr  I — sky  and  main 

Begin  to  move  ! — a  flash  again  ! 

Thunder — wind — the  storm  is  come, 

The  sea.  's  a  smoking  sheet  of  foam  ! 

Rain  ! — it  pours  in  floods,  as  though 

The  clouds  did  mock  tlic  floods  below ! 

And  the  Vessel,  from  her  anchors  torn. 

Towards  the  sborc  by  the  laging  billows  is  borr.e 

Hurra ! — Hurra ! — a  wreck — Hurra ! 
She  strikes — by  the  board  her  tall  masts  go ; 
She  reels — recoils,  and  strikes  again  ! 
They  hoist  the  long-boat  out — In  vain — 
'  Tis  swampt !  She  now  beats  broadside  on — 
Another  sea — she  links  !  she's  gone  ! 
Masts,  cordage,  planks,  the  breakers  strew  ! 
May  heaven  nave  mercy  on  her  crew : 


r 


VOYAGE  OF  CAPTAIN   JAMES. 

FOR    THE    DISCOVERY    OF    A    NORTH-WEST    PASSAGE. 

In  the  year  1630,  several  wealthy  merchnnts  of  Bristol  unitea 
IE  fitting  out  a  vessel  for  the  purpose  r,f  accurately  examining' the 
» lole  northcn  coast  of  America.  'I'lio  command  of  this  vessel 
w.-.ich  was  small,  only  of  seventy  tons  burden,  but  one  of  the 
stiongest  ships  of  her  size  that  had  ever  been  built,  was  given  to 
Captain  James.  She  was  provisioned  for  eighteen  months,  and 
manned  with  only  twenty-two  seamen,  but  these  were  all  excellent 
sailors. 

His  stores  having  been  all  shipped,  and  the  men  on  board,  Cap- 
tain James  left  Bristol  in  the  month  of  April,  1631.  After  pass- 
ing the  southern  coast  of  Ireland,  he  sailed  in  a  west-north-west- 
erly direction,  and  on  the  fourth  of  June  discovered  the  coast  of 
Greenland.  Two  days  subsequently  to  this,  his  vessel  was 
encompassed  with  ice,  many  immense  pieces  of  which  beat  so 
violently  against  her  that  the  captain  was  fearful  she  would  have 
been  staved  and  sunk.  The  boat  that  accompanied  her  was  crush- 
ed to  atoms.  In  one  instance  he  was  obliged  to  order  the  ship 
to  be  made  fast  to  a  great  piece  of  the  ice,  and  during  a  day  and 
night  to  employ  men  incessantly  in  pushing  oft'  such  masses  of  ice 
as  floated  against  her;  but  in  this  labor  all  their  poles  were  bro- 
ken.    The  wind  at  length  blew  a  perfect  hurricane,  and,  though 


^ 


■wif-mimi^immsM 


wmmm 


r 


•|ii.iii  !in<rr-i,»iii,i|iMiiiO"''.ii«H' 


im»ir>i»»;i'"^"l'i'" 


VOYAOB   or   CAPTAIN   JAMES. 


m 


the  broken  ice  on  almost  all  sides  rose  higher   than  the  decks, 
and  the  vessel  was  beaten  about  in  a  most  alarmmg  manner,  »he 

""oTtlirmorrng  of  the  tenth  of  June,  these  hardy  adventurers 
passed  some  masses  of  ice  that  were  as  high  as  th«  topmast  of 
heir  vessel,  aad  left  Cape  Desolation,  in  Greenland,  to  the  east- 
ward     The  weather  was  now  so  cold  that  at  one  time  the  sails  and 
riegiug  were  all  fro/.en.     On  the  twentieth,  the  ship  reached  the 
southern  point  of  the  island  of  Resolution,  at  the  entrance  of 
Hudson's  Strait,  but  she  was  several  times  earned  round  by  the 
current,  and  floating  ice,  a.:d  was  in  imminent  danger  ot  being 
crushed  to  nieces  before  she  could  be  brought  to  anchor      It  now 
began  to  snow  heavily,  and  the  wind  blew  a  storm  from  the  west- 
ward      This  drove  the  ice  from  the  sea  into  the  harbor  where  the 
vessel  was  stationed,  until  it  was  choked  up.     For  «7«/"?«   Jj 
ice  seemed  to  be  perfectly  firm  and  immoveable,  but  it  floa  ed 
out  again  at  the  ebb  of  the  tide.     The  various  dangers  to  wh  ch 
the  vessel  was  exposed  in  this  harbor,  of  being  thrown  against  the 
rocks,  crushed  to  pieces  in  the  ice,  and  sunk,  were  so  great  that 
the  captain  almost  gave  up  all  hope  of  bemg  able  to  save  hen 
He  describes  the  thundering  noise  of  the  masses  of  ice  beating 
against  each  other,  the  rushing  of  the  water,  -"d  the  fury  of  the 
current  to  have  been  tremendous.     After  much  difhculty  and  the 
most  persevering  exertions,  however,  she  was  navigated  into  a  little 
cove  or  harbor,  where,  being  made  fast  to  the  rocks,  she  was  at 
length  rendered  tolerably  secure.  ,  ,    .     uu       u  ti,- 

Captain  James  landed  on  the  island,  but  found  that,  although  he 
summer  was  far  advanced,  the  ponds  were  yet  Irozen      The  ground 
was   rocky   and  barren,  and   no  traces  of  amnmls  were   visible 
in  the  snow,  though  it  was  evident  from  some  hearths  and  remains 
of  fire-wood  which  were  seen,  that  human  beings  had  not  long 
before  visited  the  place.     Captain  James  continued  here  two  days, 
and  then  sailed  westward;  but  the  masses  of  ice  were  still  almost 
fmpenetrable.     They  grated  the  sides  of  the  vesse   wUh  such  vio. 
lence  that  it  was  feared  they  would  burst  through  the  planks.     Un 
looking  out  from  the  mast-head  scarcely  an  acre  of  open  sea  was 
visible:  nothing  was  to  be  seen  but  a  continued  and  irregular 
.ange  of  ice,  towering  in  diff-erent  places  to  an  immense  height. 
The  ship  was  thus  surrounded  till  the  twenty-seventh  of  June, 
when,  by  a  gale  from  the  south-east,  the  ice  opened,  anjl  she  was 
enabled  to  make  some  way.  . 

Though  exposed  to  incessant  danger  by  tne  immense  masses 
of  ice  which  floated  on  the  surface  of  the  ocean.  Captain  James 

and  his  associates  proceeded  st"' ^f  t^'V.  '  r Vftl'nfh  of  thai 
son's  Strait  about  the  beginning  of  July      O"  the  fifteenth  of  that 

month,  they  arrived  betwixt  Digg's  Island  a»t,^°.u'1^  ♦  w,«  Zi 
but  the  summer  was  so  cold  and  unfavorable  that  it  was  now 
evident  there  would  be  no  possibility  of  proceeding  much  further 


.-^rfitiMUMMMMHi 


MMfMNIMii 


mmsmiMfiia*^ 


■■-^'^-^h 


.■•■       I 


80 


VOTAOE  OF  CAFTAIN  JAMES, 


northward  this  year.     About  a  fortnight  aRerwards,  they  were  so 
fast  enclosed  in  the  ice,  that,  notwithstanding  the  ship  had  all  her 
sails  set,  and  it  blew  a  strong  breeze,  she  was  immoveable  and 
as  firmly  fixed,  as  if  she  had  been  in  a  dry  dock.     On  this,  the  cap- 
tain and  many  of  the  men  walked  out  of  her  to  amuse  themselves 
upon  tlie  ice.     Several  of  the  crew  now  began  to  murmur,  and  to 
express  great  alarm,  lest  they  should  not  be  able  either  to  proceed 
or  return;  and  lest  their  provisions,  which  were  beginning  to  fall 
short,  would  soon  wholly  fail.     The  captain  encouraged  them  as 
well  as  he  was  able,  and  though  he  was  aware  their  murmuring 
was  not  without  reason,  he  affected  to  ridicule  their  fears.     Among 
other  contrivances  to  amuse  them,  he  took  a  quantity  of  spirits  up- 
on the  ice,  and  there  drank  the  king's  health,  although  there  was 
not  a  single  man  in  the  ship,  and  though  she  was  at  that  time  under 
all  her  sails.     This  was  the  twenty-eighth  of  July.     On  the  thir- 
tieth, they  made  some  little  way  through  the  ice,  part  of  the  crew 
heaving  the  vessel  along  with  their  bhoulders,  whilst  others,  at 
the  same  time,  broke  ofl'  the  corners  of  the  ice  with  mallets  and 
iron  crows,  to  clear  the  way.     This  labor  was  continued  on  the 
fjllowinfr  day,  and  after  much  fatigue,  they  got  the  ship  into  thirty- 
five  fathom  water.     All   this  time  they  were   in  latitude  58  deg. 
45  minutes  north,  and  a  few  days  afterwards  they  were  in  an  open 
sea  free  from  ice.     The   captain   and   his  crew   now  joined   in 
devout  thanksgiving   for   their  deliverance  from  the  dangers  to 
which  they  had  been  exposed. 

A  few  days  subsequently  to  this,  whilst  the  ship  was  under  sail, 
she  struck  upon  some  rocks  that  were  concealed  by  the  water, 
and  received  three  such  terrible  blows,  that  the  captain  was  fear- 
ful her  masts  would  have  been  shivered  to  pieceo,  and  he  had  uo 
doubt  that  a.  hole  had  been  beaten  through  her  sides.  But  such 
was  the  strength  of  her  timbers  that  she  received  little  injury,  and 
in  a  short  time,  was  again  f^-X  of  danger. 

On  the  twentieth  of/  .gUst,  and  in  latitude  57  dsg.  north,  they 
came  within  sight  of  land,  part  of  the  continent  of  North  America, 
which  the  captain  named  New  South  Wales,  in  honor  of  Charles, 
Prince  of  Wales,  afterwards  King  Charles  the  second:  and  on  the 
third  of  September  they  passed  a  cape,  to  which  be  gave  the  name 
of  Cape  Henrietta  Maria,  after  the  Queen.  In  the  ensuing  even- 
ing, they  encountered  such  a  tempest  of  thunder,  snow,  rain,  and 
wind,  as  none  of  the  crew  had  ever  before  been  exposed  to.  The 
sea  washed  completely  over  the  decks,  and  the  vessel  rolled  so 
tremendously,  that  it  was  not  without  great  difficulty  all  things 
could  be  kept  fast  in  the  hold,  and  betwixt  the  decks. 

As  the  winter  was  now  approaching.  Captain  James  began  to 
look  out  for  some  harbor,  where  he  and  his  companions  could 
pass  that  cheerless  season,  with  as  little  discomfort,  and  in  as  much 
security,  as  possible.  Landing,  on  the  third  of  October,  upon 
aa  island,  in  the  bay  that  has  since  been  called  James's  Bay,  hf 


I 


and 


ij<«iy«  y  ff'-ffvi'im*'* 


^api  J  LiiinlMi;^ 


m^fumMmM*-''!!^^'*''''''^'^' 


I 


VOTAGE    OP   CAPTAIN   JAMES.  .^ 

found  .h»  ...cu,  «f  t'i^,":  rp"cltl"'.;™.'rwut"th! 

able  to  d  scover  a  safe  anchorage,  ne  pru  ^^ 

Vessel,  and  two  days  afterwards  moored    J Y^';Pj„^;,,d'without 
tolerable  security  near  the  jame  islancl  ^^^^^^      ^^^  ^^^^^^ 

months.     It  was  found  mconvmentj^^^^^^^^  ^  ^^^^ 

crew  who  were  sicW,  *«  con Un^e  e,  Ure^^  ^^^^  ^.^^^^.^^  ^j. 

of  house  wa..  tl'ff^^'J^me  the  captain  and  some  of  the  men 
the  carpenter.  In  the  •"^^^"^^•^J^.'J'he/could  discover  any  traces 
went  into  the  woods  to  eej^^  J"  ^JJ, j  ..^h,  they  might  be  on 
of  human  beings,  th"*'  "'^""'^  'T^l^  ...^re  found.  The  top-sails 
their  guard  against  '^"^[„'^;.  .^^.^  Uunvcd,  and  dried  by  great 
were  novv  taken  down  f  "'"J^^^^  ^^'  Vom  wet  between  the  decks, 
fires,  and  then  folded  up  andsecureo  ^^  ^  ^^^.^^^^^^  j.^, 

The  main-sad  was  carried  ««  f '  f*^^' j^^^^^^  ,,^^  ,eady,  and  a  p^r- 
the  house.  In  about  four  days  ^^^^  ^^i^l.  muskets  to  de- 
tion  of  the  crew  slept  .n  it  «ve^y  n'.l^'.  ^  .^^^  ^y  two  buck- 

fend  themselves  m  case  ot  •^"'icK,   aii    ^  ^^^.^    ^^ 

Lnds.  which  had  been    ro^^^^^^^^^  J  ,,  ,e  taken 

:-,  m^:  ^^fi^:^t^:^:^o.  with  the 

On  the  fourteenth  ot  October   s^  ^^^^^'^^^^sofwhich  they  had 
dogs,inthehopeofk.lings^ne^d^^  ^^^^^  twenty  imles  over 

previously  seen.      1  '>7, ''"'""7^,.„  ,vith  one  small  and  lean  an- 
fhe  snow,  and  returned  the    extday^um  on  ^^^^  _^  ^^^ 

imal;  having  passed  ^.^"^^^Xrw^ds  aid  to  a  still  greater  d.s- 
Others  went  out  a  lew  days  f't^nva  ds   ana  fe  ^^  ^^^,^ 

tance;  these  were  not  only  "ns"'^;^/;"''  ^.^11  frozen  lake,  fell 
companions,  who.  on  "^tt^^^  -grr^ieVuenlly  gave  directions 
in  and  was  drowned.      Ihe  captam  h  atttnnpted. 

that  hunting  to  such  f'^tances  ^louW  be  no      ^^^^  ^^^     l  ^^^ 

The  crew  at  fust  brought  beci  asUoi^  ^^^^         j^j 

even  in  their  house,  and  e lose  by^^^^  tate     ^vhich  they  obtained 

r,o«,  tho  ,Wo,c,  like  n  p.coo  of  ,c«  ™  'h°J^™„j  .ij„.  ,,'er,  cov- 


liwiiiitfiliiitfiiiMM 


HHHiMHiW 


M,: 


0*  VOTAGE     OP    CAPTAIN   JAMES. 

calking  iron ;  and  in  these  operations  the  water  would  freeze  on 
their  clothes  and  hands,  so  as  very  soon  to  render  them  unequal  to 
ulmost  any  exertion. 

The  ship  was  found  to  beat  so  much,  that  the  captain  could 
devise  no  other  means  of  preventing  her  from  being  shattered  to 
pieces  and  destroyed,  than  by  directing  holes  to  be  bored  through 
her  sides,  and  sinking  her  in  shallow  water;  where,  in  the  ensu- 
ing spring,  he  might  have  a  chance  of -again  raising  her.  This 
was  a  fearful  expedient;  but,  after  all  the  provisions  and  thiitgs  re- 
quisite for  use  on  shore  had  been  taken  out  of  her,  it  was  adopted;  al- 
though it  was  the  general  opinion  of  the  crew  that  she  could  never 
be  floated  again.  They,  however,  had  so  strong  an  attachment 
for  their  captain,  and  so  much  confidence  in  him,  that,  even  in  the 
midst  of  despair,  they  obeyed  implicitly  all  his  commands.  With 
true  christian  confidence,  he  exhorted  them  not  to  be  dismayed. 
"If,"  said  he,  "  we  end  our  days  here,  we  are  as  near  heaven 
as  in  England;  and  we  are  much  bound  to  God  Almighty,  for 
having  given  us  so  large  a  time  for  repentance,  and  having  thus, 
as  it  were,  daily  called  upon  us  to  prepare  our  souls  for  a.^etter 
life  in  heaven.  He  does  not,  in  the  meantime  deny  that  we 
may  use  all  proper  means  to  save  and  prolong  our  lives;  and  in 
my  judgment,  we  are  not  so  far  past  hope  of  returning  to  our  na- 
tive country,  but  that  I  see  a  fair  way  by  which  we  may  effect  it." 
He  then  said  that  there  was  timber  enough  in  the  island  for  them 
to  build  a  pinnace  or  large  boat,  by  which  tliey  might  endeavor  to 
effect  their  escape,  in  case  their  vessel  should  be  destroyed.  This 
was  on  tlje  thirtieth  of  November. 

The  sufferings  and  the  hardships  which  these  brave  men  en- 
countered for  many  successive  months,  it  is  impossible  to  describe. 
Happily,  they  had  a  tolerable  store  of  provisions  from  their  ship, 
and  had  not  to  depend  upon  the  precarious  subsistence  to  be  ob- 
tained by  hunting.  Their  liquids  of  every  kind,  wine,  vinegar, 
oil,  &c.  were  all  frozen  so  hard,  that  they  were  obliged  to  cut 
them  with  hatchets,  and  then  melt  them  over  the  fire  for  use. 

In  the  beginning  of  January,  the  whole  surface  of  the  adjacent 
soa  was  so  entirely  frozen,  that  no  water  whatever  was  to  be  seen. 
Some  of  the  men  were  obliged  to  be  out  of  doors  a  considerable 
part  of  the  day,  in  fetching  timber,  and  in  other  necessary  em- 
ployments. Their  shoes  were  all  destroyed,  except  some  that 
had  been  sunk  in  the  ship,  and  which  were  now,  of  course  in- 
accessible. They  were,  consequently,  reduced  to  the  necessity 
of  binding  up  their  feet,  as  well  as  they  could,  in  pieces  of  cloth. 
Their  noses,  cheeks,  and  hands  were  sometimes  frozen  in  blisters, 
which  were  as  white  as  paper;  and  blisters  as  large  as  walnuts 
ro»e  on  different  parts  of  their  skin.  Their  mouths  became  sore, 
and  their  teeth  loose. 

Timber  was  cut  down,  according  to  the  direction  of  the  captain, 


.(  ',  ■' 


uWil  llllf).'^   11  WHWIIH"! 


TOTAOK   OF  CAPTAIN  JAMB8.  ^ 

"„  end  of  'w.rcli,  «hen  the  carpenter  became  so  weak  and  tU, 
nlThE^^n^hellnr^rd'yetwhentheirM 

\y  solemnized  Easter  day,  the  twenty-sixth  of  Apr.     163i,  and  it 
^  *u„  Jo„   wViilat  thpv  were  sitting  round  their  tire,  inai  mc 

wo  ron  ba'stne  of  which  was  brolen),  and  four  broken  shovels. 
aoDarently  very  ineffectual  instruments  for  such  a  labor 

^Ket  me  passed  miserably  and  slowly  on,  till  the  sixteenth  ol 
Mav   when  they  had  a  comfortable  and  sunny  day.     Some  effort. 

nfl-hvthp  ice   they  were  not  able  to  find.     JJy  ttie iweniy  louiii 

of  May   they  had  labored   so  liard  in  clearing  the  vessel,  that 
he?  ca  J  t?a  cask,  and  could  perceive  that  t^ere  was  -me  wa 

ter  in  the  hold.     They  pierced  the  cask,  and  found  it  lull  ot  good 

beer;  which  was  a  cause  of  great  joy  *»  them. 

Their  next  object  was  to  di<r  through  the  ice  on  the  o"*""*®  «J 

the  vesse"  S  thi  holes  that  had  been  cut  for  the  purpose  of  mnk- 
nrher  They  succeeded  in  thl.  operation;  and,  throuph  <  > e 
"west  of  theJe,  a  considerable  quantity  of  water  flowed  out 
The  holes  were  hou  prevented  from  admitting  any  more  woter,  V 
Jiving  Sonrhoa.dH'nailcd on  the  outside.  Five  days  afterwr^^. 
the  weather  became  much  warmer  than  it  had  been.  The  ^vat«r 
.iT,  ;«  ,1  nf  the  vessel  tended  to  tlinw  llie  ice;  and,  by  'i-r  ;-■ 
Iff  n4S  it  wt  gradually  cleared.  Several  butts  of  beer,  one 
/fSU;- 'aid  another  of  wine,  were  found   perfectly  sound  and 


5^^ 


84 


VOTAOE   OK   CAPTAIN   JAMI8. 


^P 


♦  ( 


good;  as  well  as  many  barrels  of  salt  beef  and  pork.  A  consid- 
erable store  of  shoes  and  clothing  was  now  also  found.  These, 
when  dried,  were  peculiarly  acceptable.  But  it  was  a  subject  of 
sincere  rejoicing,  that,  on  examination  of  the  vessel,  no  defect 
could  bo  perceived  in  her;  and  sanguine  hopes  began  to  be  en- 
tertained that  she  might  still  prove  capable  of  performing  the  re- 
mainder of  tlie  voyn<re.  Not  long  after  this,  the  rudder  was 
discovered  and  got  u|)  from  beneath  the  ice. 

Tiio  carpenter  now  died.  He  had  been  a  man  beloved  by  the 
whole  crew,  and,  with  tiie  most  exemplary  patience,  had  endured 
a  long  illnessi,  in  the  course  of  which,  with  great  exertion,  he  had 
completed  all  the  most  diflicult  parts  of  the  pinnace.  Thus,  al- 
though he  was  deeply  lamented  by  his  comrades,  the  loss  of  him 
was  not  so  severely  felt  as  it  might  otherwise  have  been.  At  this 
time  nearly  tlie  whole  of  the  crew  were  disabled,  by  illness,  from 
working;  nor  did  any  of  them  recover  until  after  the  commence- 
ment ol'tiio  warm  v/eathor. 

P^om  thfrc'levated  parts  of  the  knd,  the  open  water  was  first 
seen  on  the  nineteenth  of  June.  Four  days  afterwards  the  pro- 
visions and  oilier  articles  that  were  ashore,  were  carried  on  board. 
A  cross  was  next  erected:  the  king  and  queen's  picture  were 
tied  to  the  top  of  it;  and  the  island  was  named  Charlton  Island. 
The  rigging  of  the  ship  was  nov/  set.  On  the  thirteenth,  the  sea 
was  clear  of  iee;  and  on  the  second  of  July,  after  the  captain  and 
his  crow  li.id  ail  devoutly  paid  thanksgiving  to  the  Almighty  for 
their  providential  deliverance,  they  weighed  anchor,  and  pro- 
ceeded on  their  voyage. 

Still,  however,  though  in  the  open  sea,  they  suffered  great  in- 
convenience from  the  beating  of  the  floating  ice  against  the  ship. 
On  the  twenty-second  of  July,  they  again  passed  Cape  Henrietta 
Maria,  The  siiip  had  now  become  so  leaky,  that,  for  some  time. 
it  was  found  difficult  to  keep  her  clear  of  water  by  the  pumps. 
After  alnio.Mt  incredible  exertions,  they  made  their  way  northward, 
according  to  their  estimate,  as  far  as  69  deg.  3.5  minutes,  when  at 
length  they  came  to  an  impenetrable  mass  of  ice.  It  was  the 
opinion  of  the  whole  crew,  that  in  the  present  condition  of  the  ship, 
the  autumn  now  fast  approaching,  it  would  not  only  be  imprudent, 
but  wholly  impracticable,  to  make  any  I'urther  attempt  to  discover 
the  hopetl  for  passage  of  the  sea  to  the  north-west.  The  captain, 
therefore,  with  a  sorrowful  heart,  consented  to  relinquish  his  ob- 
ject: and,  on  the  twenty-sixth  of  August,  determined  on  returning 
to  England.  In  his  passage  homeward,  the  vessel  encountered 
many  difticulties  from  contrary  winds  and  slormy  weather;  but,  at 
lenjj  '  ,  safelv  arrived  at  the  mouth  of  the  fif-vern,  on  the  twenty- 
second  October,  1633. 


iliiiii 


Jiii 


THE  ?1RATB's  TBBASOBB. 


1 


lid- 
tse, 
of 
'ect 
eu- 
le- 
kvas 

the 
ired 
had 
,  al- 
him 
this 
rom 
ice- 
first 
pro- 
ard. 
vere 
and. 
sea 
and 
f  for 
pro- 

t  in- 

ship. 

iettp, 

ime, 

mps. 

i-ard, 

en  at 

1  the 

ship, 

dent, 

;over 

(tain, 

8  ob- 

rning 

teied 

jt,  at 

enty- 


THE  PIRATE'S  TREASURE. 

After  many  months  of  anxious  and  painful  expectancy.  I  at 
length  succeeded  in  obtaining  my  appointment  to  the  "'"at'O"  » 
had  so  ardently  wished  for.     Despairing  at  my  apparent  want  of 
success!  I  had  given  up  all  hopes,  and  had  engaged  to  go  servan 
Tthe  ClydesdnAe  to  the  East 'indies,  when  the  favorable  result 
of  my  friend's  exertions  changed  the  aspect  of  my  afiairs.     my 
instr.iotions  set  forth  the  necessity  of  my  being  at  Surmam  by  a 
certain  day,  otherwise  I  should  be  too  late  to  join  the  corps  to  which 
I  wa     appointed,  which,  on  ihc  ceding  up  of  the  place  to  the 
Dutch,  was  to  proceed  to  Canada.     As  it  wanted  only  two  months 
of  th.t  period   it  became  necessary  to  '"'l^'^^/^J.  ^^fpT^d'!' 
without  loss  of  time.     Giving  up  my  engagement  with  the  Clydes- 
dale, I  proceeded  to  the  harbor,  and  atler  a  toilsome  search,  suc- 
ce  d'ed  b  discovering  a  ship  -''^rteved  by  a  Glasgow  company 
lyin^  ready  at  the  west  quay,  and  to  sail  with  that  evening  s  tide 
WhUe  1  stood  examining  the  vessel  from  the  pier,  two  f^lors  who 
seemed  to  be  roaming  idly  about,  stopped,  and  began  to  converse 

''^•^aSe  old  Dart  got  all  her  hands,  Tom!"  said  the  one  "that 
she  has  her  ensign  up  for  sailing?  They  say  she  is  sold  o  the 
ubberlv  Dutchmen  no«-what  cheer  to  lend  her  a  l^and  out;  an?, 
get  our'sailing-ponny  for  agiass  of  grog?"  "No  no;  bad  cheer! 
Splkd  the  other;  "mayhap  I  didn't  tell  you  that  I  made  a  trip  in 
her  four  years  ago;  and  a  cleaner  or  livelier  thing  is  not  on  the 
water"    But  there  is  a  limb  of  the  big  devil  in  her  that  is  enough 

0  cause  her  to  sinlc  to  the  bottom.  It  was  in  our  voyage  out 
that  he  did  for  Bill  Burnet  with  the  pump  sounding-rod,  because 
the  little  fellow  snivelled  a  bit,  and  was  "«»  handy  to  jump  when 
he  was  ordered  aloft  to  set  the  fore-royal.  It  was  his  tirst  voyage 
and  tlic  boy  was  mortal  afraid  to  venture;  but  the  Captain  su ore 
he  would  make  him,  and  in  his  passion  took  fun  a  rap  wUh  the 
iron-rod    and  killed  him.     When  ho  ^aw  what  ho  had  done,  he 

lied    and  hove  hi.n  over  the  sido;  ...nd  many  a  long  day  the  nrien 
wondered  what  had  become  of  little  Ddl,  for  they  were  aH  bel 
at  dinner   and  none  but  myself  saw  the  transaction.     It  w  i..  neea 
fesB  "or^o  to  complain    aad  get  him  overhau  ed   as  tl'^rc jverc 
no  witicsses;  but  I  1       .he  ship,  and  births  would  be  scarce  belore 

1  would  sail  with  him  again."  „„iv,„„, 

Knowin"  what  tyrants  shipmasters  arc  in  gcneval,  ana  now 
■nuch  their^passengers'  comfort  depends  on  them  I  was  somewhat 
"ar  led  by  this  piece  of  information  respecting  the  temper  of  the 
man  I  proposed  to  sail  with.  But  necessity  has  no  law!  The  cir- 
^um«  ance^robably  was  much  misrep.e.ented.  and,  from  a  simple 


II 


^i;! 


r     I 


86 


THE   pirate's    TR1AST7RE. 


act  of  discipline  exaggerated  to  an  act  of  wanton  cruelty.  But  be 
that  as  it  might — my  affairs  were  urgent.  There  was  no  other 
vessel  for  the  same  port — I  must  either  take  my  passage,  or  run 
the  risk  of  being  superseded.  The  thing  was  not  to  be  thought 
of;  so  I  went  and  secured  my  birth.  As  my  preparations  were 
few  and  trifling,  I  had  every  thing  arranged,  and  on  board,  just  as 
the  vessel  was  unmooring  from  the  quay.  During  the  night  we 
got  down  to  the  Clock  light-house,  and  stood  off  and  on,  waiting 
for  the  Captain,  who  had  remained  behind  to  get  the  ship  cleared 
out  at  the  Custom  house.  Soon  afterwards  he  joined  us,  and  the 
pilot  leaving  us  in>the  return-boat,  we  stood  down  the  Forth  under 
all  our  canvass. 

For  four  weeks  we  had  a  quick  and  pleasant  passage.  The 
Dart  did  not  belie  her  name;  for,  being  American-built,  and  origi- 
nally a  privateer,  slie  sailed  uncommonly  fast,  generally  running 
at  the  rate  of  twelve  knots  an  hour. 

As  I  had  expected.  Captain  Mahone  proved  to  be,  in  point  of 
acquirements,  not  at  all  above  the  common  run  of  shipmasters. 
He  was  haughty  and  overbearing,  domineered  over  the  (".'ew  with 
a  high  hand;  in  return  for  which,  he  was  evidently  feared  and  de- 
tested by  them  all.  He  had  been  many  years  in  the  West  Indies ; 
part  of  which  time  ho  had  ranged  as  commander  of  a  privateer,  and 
had,  between  the  fervid  suns  of  such  high  latitudes  and  the  copious 
use  of  grog,  become  of  a  rich  mahogany  color,  or  something  be- 
tween Vermillion  and  the  tint  of  a  sheet  of  new  copper.  J\'.\  was 
a  middle-sized  man;  square  built,  wif';  a  powerful  mu:i(^a;ur  iramo. 
His  aspect  naturally  harsh  and  forbitjiding,  was  ron<^or<-d  more  so 
by  the  sinister  expression  of  his  lr)l  eye,  which  had  been  nearly 
forced  out  by  some  accident — and  the  lineaments  ofhis  countenance 
expressed  plainly  that  he  was  passionate  and  fuiious  in  the  ex- 
treme. In  consequence  of  this,  I  kept  rather  distant  and  aloof; 
and,  except  at  meals,  we  seldoHn  exchanged  more  than  ordinary 
civilities. 

By  our  reckoning,  our  ship  had  now  got  into  the  latitude  of  the 
Bermudas,  when  one  evening,  at  sun-set,  the  wind,  which  had 
hitherto  been  favorable,  fell  at  once  into  a  dead  calm.  The  day 
had  been  clear  and  bright ;  but  now,  huge  masses  of  dark  and 
conical-shaped  clouds  began  to  tower  over  each  otiicr  in  the  west- 
ern horizon,  which,  being  tinged  with  the  rays  of  the  sun,  dis- 
played thai  lurid  and  deep  brassy  tint  so  well  known  to  mariners 
as  tlie  token  of  an  approaching  storm.  All  the  sailors  were  of 
opinion  that  we  should  have  a  coarse  night;  itnd  every  precaution 
that  ^ood  seamanship  could  suggest  was  taken  to  make  the  vessel 
sni'ii  before  the  gale  carne  on.  The  oldewt  boys  wore  sent  up  to 
hand  and  send  down  tbi-  royul  and  top-gallnnt  sails,  and  strike  the 
masts,  while  the  top-  .  jls  n"  stays  were  close-rccfcd.  These 
preparations  were  hiu'  y  accvjmplished,  when  the  wind  shifted, 
and  took  us  a-back  m  icli  such  violence  as  nearly  to  capsize  the 


pretend 
his  fury 
I'll  give  ^ 
which  lay 
might, 
the  heac 
station 
lee-bulwa 
and  be 
sang  out 
— let  gi: 
the  Dart, 
the  watei 
Mean\ 


i<t  V     i 


Ml! 


THE    pirate's   treasure. 


87 


vessel.  The  ship  was  put  round  as  soon  as  possible,  and  brought 
too  till  the  gale  should  fall:  while  all  hands  remained  on  deck  in 
case  of  any  emergency.  About  ten,  in  the  interval  of  a  squall,  we 
heard  a  gun  fired  as  a  signal  of  distress.  The  night  was  as  blacK  as 
pitch;  but  the  flash  showed  us  that  the  stranger  was  not  far  to 
leeward:  so,  to  avoid  drifting  on  the  wreck  during  the  darkness, 
the  main-top-s»>il  was  braced  round,  and  filled,  and  the  ship  haul- 
ed to  windward.  In  this  manner  we  kept  alternately  oeating  and 
heaving-to  oh  the  gale  rose  or  fell  till  the  morning  broke,  when, 
through  the  haze,  we  perceived  a  small  vessel  with  her  maste  car- 
ried away.  As  the  wind  had  taken  off,  the  Captain  had  gone  to 
bed:  so  it  was  the  mate's  watch  on  deck.  The  steersman,  an  old 
gray-headed  seaman,  named  James  Gemmel,  proposed  to  bear 
down  and  save  the  people,  saying  he  had  been  twice  wrecked 
himself,  and  knew  what  it  was  to  be  in  such  a  situation.  As  the 
Captain  was  below,  the  mate  was  irresolute  what  to  do;  bemg 
aware  that  the  success  of  the  speculation  depended  on  their  get- 
ting to  Surinam  before  it  was  given  up:  however,  he  was  at  length 
persuaded— the  helm  was  put  up,  and  the  ship  bore  away. 

As  we  neared  the  wreck,  and  were  standing  by  the  mtzzen 
shrouds  with  our  glasses,  the  Captain  came  up  from  the  cabm. 
He  looked  uo  with  astonishment  to  the  sails,  and  the  direction  of 
ihe  vessel's  head,  and,  in  a  voice  of  suppressed  passion,  said,  as 
he  turned  to  the  mate,  "What  is  the  meaning  of  this,  Mr.  Wyllie? 
Who  has  dared  to  alter  the  ship's  course  without  my  leave— when 
you  know  very  well  that  we  shall  hardJy  be  in  time  for  the  market, 
use  what  expedition  we  may?"  The  young  man  was  confused 
by  this  unexpected  challenge,  and  stammered  out  something  about 
Gemmel  having  persuaded  him.  "It  was  me,  sir!"  respectfully 
interfered  the  old  sailor,  wishing  to  avert  the  storm  from  the  mate ; 
"I  thought  you  wouldn't  have  the  heart  to  leave  the  wreck  ^d 
these  people  to  perish,  without  lending  a  hand  to  save  them.  We 
should  be  neither  Christians  nor  true  seamen  to  desert  her,  and 

'•  "Damn  you  and  the  wreck,  you  old  canting  rascal!  do  you 

pretend  to  stand  there  and  preach  to  me?"  thundered  the  Captain, 
his  fury  breaking  out,  "I'll  teach  you  to  disobey  my  orders!— 
I'll  give  you  something  to  think  of!"  and  seizing  a  cnpstan-spar 
which  lay  neai"  him,  he  hurled  it  at  the  steersman  with  all  nis 
might.  The  blow  was  effectual— one  end  of  it  struck  lum  acro»;a 
the  head  with  such  force  as  to  sweep  him  in  an  in.stant  from  his 
station  at  the  wheel,  and  to  dash  him  with  violence  against  the 
lee-bulwarks,  where  he  lay  bleeding,  and  motionless.  "  i  akc  that, 
and  be  damned!"  exclaimed  the  wretch,  as  he  took  the  helm,  and 
sang  out  to  the  men,— "Stand  by  sheets,  and  braces—hard  a-ice 
—let  go!"  In  a  twinkling  the  yards  were  braood  round,  .md 
the  Dart,  laid  within  six  points  of  the  wind,  was  flying  througii 

the  water.  i    •      .         •  t 

Meanwhile  Gemmel  was  lying  without  any  one  daring  to  assist 


:i 


MiitiiBlfiimwrr'iiiiiniii 


I 


^1  , 


I  i 


lii 


88 


THE   FIRATB  S   TREASURE 


him ;  for  the  crew  were  so  confounded  that  they  seemed  quite  un- 
determined how  to  act.  I  stepped  to  him,  therefore,  and  the  mate 
following  my  example,  we  liiled  him  up.  As  there  was  no  ap- 
pearance of  respiration,  I  placed  my  hand  on  his  heart — but  pul- 
sation had  entirely  ceased — the  old  man  was  dead.  The  bar  had 
struck  him  directly  on  the  temporal  bone,  and  had  completely  frac> 
tured  that  part  of  the  skull. 

"He  is  a  murdered  man,  Captain  Mahone!"  said  I,  laying  down 
the  body,  "murdered  without  cause  or  provocation."  "  None  of 
your  remarks.  Sir!"  he  retorted;  "what  the  devil  have  you  to  do 
with  it.'  Do  you  mean  to  stir  up  my  men  to  mutiny  ?  Or  do  you 
call  disobeying  my  orders  no  provocation?  I'll  answer  it  to  those 
who  have  a  right  to  ask;  but  till  then,  let  me  see  the  man  who 
dare  open  his  mouth  to  me  in  this  ship."  "I  promise  you,"  re- 
turned I,  "that  thoiif^h  you  rule  and  tyrannise  here  at  present,  your 
power  shall  have  u  icriiiination,  and  you  shall  be  called  to  account 
for  your  coi.Juct  in  this  day's  work — rest  assured  that  ihis  blood 
sliuU  be  requ.red  at  your  hands,  though  you  have  hitherto  escaped 
punishment  for  what  has  stained  them  already."  This  allusion  to 
the  murder  of  little  Bill  Burnet  seemed  to  stagger  him  considera- 
bly— he  stopped  short  before  me,  and,  while  his  face  grew  black 
with  suppressed  wrath  and  fury,  whispered,  "I  warn  you  again, 
young  man!  to  busy  yourself  with  your  own  matters — meddle  not 
with  what  does  not  concern  you;  and  belay  your  alack  jaw,  or,  by 

1    Rink  Mahone  will  find  a  way  to  make  it  fast  for  you!" 

He  then  turned  round,  and  walked  forward  to  the  forecastle. 

During  this  affray  no  attention  had  been  paid  to  the  wreck, 
though  the  crew  had  set  up  a  yell  of  despair  on  seeing  us  leave 
them.  Signals  and  shouts  were  still  repeated,  and  a  voice,  loud- 
er in  agony  than  the  rest,  implored  our  help  for  the  love  of  the 
blessed  Virgin;  and  offered  riches  and  absolution  to  the  whole 
ship's  company  if  they  would  but  come  back.  The  Captain  was 
pacing  fore  and  afl  without  appearing  to  mind  them,  when,  as  if 
struck  wiUi  some  sudden  thought,  he  lifled  his  glass  to  his  eye — 
seemed  to  hesitate — walked  on — and  then,  all  at  once  changing 
his  mind,  he  ordered  the  vessel  again  before  the  wind. 

On  speaking  the  wreck,  she  proved  to  be  a  Spanish  felucca 
from  the  island  of  Cuba,  bound  for  Curacoa,  on  the  coast  of  the 
Caraccas.  As  they  had  lost  their  boats  in  the  storm,  and  could 
not  leave  their  vessel,  our  Captain  lowered  and  manned  our  jolly  - 
boat,  and  went  ofl'to  them. 

After  an  absence  of  same  hours  he  returned  with  the  passengers, 
consisting  of  an  elderly  person  in  the  garb  of  a  catholic  priest,  a  sick 
genlliinan,  a  young  lady,  apparently  daughter  of  the  latter,  and  a 
female  binck  slave.  With  the  utmost  difficulty,  and  writhing  under 
Boms;  I!  .ciiiciatinif  jifiin,  the  invalid  was  got  on  board  and  carried 
down  to  tin"  rnbin,  where  he  was  laid  on  a  bed  on  the  floor.  To 
the  tender  of  my  professional  services  the  invalid   returned  his 


priest 

"\(| 
strcn; 
such 
famil'. 
been 
and  iij 
and  dl 
wishel 
.bus 


ifer^^v^n^mm^- 


^«n .  I  '■-■'■'■''' "  ■*"-*  i'."^"-'  '  Wl 


,mmiiH'iii»Mi!,Li  HI"' 


■I 


lite  un- 
le  mate 
no  ap- 
jut  pul- 
bar  had 
jly  frac- 

ig  down 
»fone  of 
ou  to  do 
r  do  you 
to  those 
lan  who 
ou,"  rc- 
ent,  your 

1  account 
its  blood 

escaped 
llusion  to 
onsidera- 
ew  black 
lu  again, 
eddle  no» 
iw,  or,  by 
for  you!" 
ecastle. 
le  wreck, 
r  us  leave 
)ice,  loud- 
)ve  of  the 
the  whole 
aptain  was 
rhen,  as  if 

his  eye — 

2  changing 

ish  felucca 
oast  of  the 
and  could 
i  our  jolly- 
passengers, 
•riest,  a  sick 
latter,  and  a 
Ihing  under 
and  carried 

3  floor.     To 
eturned  his 


THE  pirate's  TBEASUBI.  *  ~ 

th«nks  and  would  have  declined  them,  expressing  his  conviction 
?f  being  past  human  aid,  bwt  the  young  lady,  -?«[^^;^^f^>°f  * 

""^      Za      In  his  cideavors  to  assist  the  crew  during  the  gale 

**"  On''de"ck  I  found  all  bustle  and  confusion.     The  ship  was  sUll 

man.   The  body  ot  Uieomrn     .  ^as  visible,  and  Captam 

Sn^tlri  desi^sT^^  all  recollections  both  of  our 

•^Trtle'tSid  wSying  in  the  cabin,  and  my  f  ^t-room  was  oc- 
rn^ed  by  the  lady  and  her  female  attendant,  I  got  a  temporary  birth 

fl,d   Id  bcwocn  the  .n«ms  I  hoard  the  «eepi.,S  aad  gent,, 

,         .1.      Vnuhave  only  known  ine  as  a  merchant  m  Cuba,  but 
strcnii^tli.      \ouua\t  Kill;'  «"  -\t-,,  ;„  nn  ancient  and  noble 

-i/>SaiM^?;j^ftsEti;cts 

been  estr.mscd  lr«m  it  long      i  ''fj^f  ^'^^  ^f  their  house. 


f 

1 
I 


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90 


THE    FIRATE's    TREASUHB. 


proved  wild  and  dissolute.  My  companions  were  as  dissipated 
as  myself,  and  much  of  our  time  was  spent  in  gambling  and  other 
extravagances.  One  evening  at  play,  I  quarrelled  with  a  young 
nobleman  of  high  rank  and  influence ;  we  were  both  of  us  hot  and 
passionate,  so  we  drew  on  the  spot  and  fought,  and  I  had  the 
misfortune  to  run  him  through  the  heart  and  leave  him  dead.  Not 
daring  to  remain  longer  at  home,  I  fled  in  disguise  to  Barcelima, 
where  I  procured  a  passage  in  a  vessel  for  the  Spanish  ]\tai&i. 
On  our  voyage  we  were  taken  by  buccaneers ;  and,  the  roving 
and  venturous  mode  of  life  of  these  bold  and  daring  men  suiting 
both  my' inclination  and  finances,  I  agreed  to  make  one  of  their 
number.  For  many  months  we  were  successful  in  our  enterprises: 
we  ranged  the  whole  of  these  seas,  and  made  a  number  of  prizes, 
some  of  which  were  rich  ships  of  our  own  colonies.  In  course 
of  time  we  amassed  such  a  quantity  of  specie  as  to  make  us  un- 
willing to  venture  it  in  one  bottom;  so  we  agreed  to  hide  it  ashore 
and  divide  it  on  our  return  from  our  next  expedition.  But  our 
good  fortune  forsook  us  this  time.  During  a  calm  the  boats  of 
the  Guarda-costa  came  on  us,  overpowered  the  ship,  and  made 
all  the  crew,  except  myself  and  two  others,  prisoners.  We  es- 
caped with  our  boat,  and  succe  ^ded  in  gaining  the  island  of  Cuba, 
where  both  of  my  comrades  died  of  their  wounds.  Subsequent 
events  induced  me  to  settle  at  St.  Juan  de  Buenavista,  where  I 
married,  ^^^>  ^^  ^  merchant,  prospered  and  became  a  rich  man. 
But  my  happiness  lasted  not !  My  wife  caught  the  yellow  fever  and 
died,  leaving  me  only  this  one  child.  I  now  loathed  the  scene 
of  ray  departed  happiness,  and  felt  all  the  Sngings  of  an  exile  to 
revisit  my  native  country.  For  this  purpose  I  converted  all  my 
effects  into  money ;  and  am  thus  far  on  my  way  to  the  hidden 
treasure,  with  which  I  intended  to  return  to  Spain.  But  the 
green  hills  of  Catalonia  will  never  more  gladden  mine  eyes!  My 
hopes  and  wishss  were  only  for  my  poor  girl.  Holy  father!  you 
know  not  a  p'.ient's  feelings — its  anxieties  and  its  fears!  The 
thoughts  of  leaving  my  child  to  the  mercy  of  strangers ;  or,  it  may 
be,  to  their  barbarities,  in  this  lawless  country,  is  far  more  dread- 
ful than  the  anguish  of  my  personal  suflTerings.  With  you  rests 
my  only  hope.  Promise  me  your  protection  towards  her,  and  the 
half  of  all  my  wealth  is  yours." 

"Earthly  treasures,"  replied  the  priest,  "avail  not  with  one 
whose  desires  are  fi.Yed  beyond  the  little  handful  of  dust  which 
perisheth — my  life  is  devoted  to  the  service  of  my  Creator;  and 
the  conversion  of  ignorant  mdn,  men  who  have  never  heard  of  his 
salvation.  On  an  errand  of  mercy  came  I  to  this  land;  and  if 
the  heathen  receive  it,  how  much  more  a  daughter  of  our  most 
holy  church?  I,  therefore,  in  behalf  of  our  community,  accept 
of  your  offer,  and  swear  on  this  blessed  emblem  to  fulfil  all  your 
wishes  to  the  best  of  my  poor  abilities." 

"Enough, enough!" said  Montaldo,  "lamsatisfied*   Among  that 


THE   pirate's   treasure.       ,  W 

archipelago    f  desert  -slands,  known  by  the  name  of  t***  ^J""' 
situated  on  t  .c  coast  of  the  province  of  Venezuela   in  New  Gra- 
nada   the^e  .,  one  called  the  Wolf-rock:   it  .3  the  longest  and 
n„«^'  northern  of  the  -rout,,  and  lies  the  most  to  seaward.     At 
"he  eas'^e  n  H..t  M  vuis  a  h.tle  way  into  the  sea.  there  stands 
an  old  vani  la   b  aste.l   and  withered,  and   retaining  bu   a  single 
Holitary  branch.     On  the  eve  ofthe  festival  of  St.  Jago  the  moon 
vi iUe^it  her  full  in  the  west.     At  twenty  minutes  P^st  midnight 
he  will  attain  to  her  highest  latitude  in  the  heav^'  ^Jf -J^e 
shadow  ofthe  tree  will  be  thrown  due  east.     Watch  tU  he  branc^^» 
«ml  stem  unite  and  form  only  one  hne  of  shade— mark  its  exirem 
Uv-fo   there   ten  feet  below  the  surface,  the  cask  contamingthc 
LJw   s  buHed.     That  ^oM,  father,  was  sinfully  got ;  bu    lasts  and 
Scnance.  have  been  done,  masses  without  nun.ber  have  been  said, 
Snd  1 1  us    hat  tin-  bles.;d  Virgin  has  interceded  for  the  forgive- 
ess  of  that  great  wickedness!     I  have  now  confessed  all,  and 
confide  in  yo.K  promise;  and  as  you  perform  your  oath,  so  u,  I 
the  bless  n^  or  curse  of  a  dying  man  abide  with  you.     I  feel  faint 
dying      Oh!  lot  me  clasp  my  child  once  n.ore  to  my  heart  betoro 

^~R7re  the  rest  ofthe  sentence  became  indistinct  from  the  deal 
ratUe  in  his  h  oat  1  leaped  off  my  cot,  and  sprang  up  the  hatcli- 
vay  aJd  ha  mv  foot  on  the  top  ofthe  compamon-laddor  when  a 
pTercing  s  riek  fro.n  below  making  me  quicken  my  steps  I  nus  ed 
mv  hoW  and  fell  on  some  person  stationed  on  the  outs.de  of  the 
3,in  door  The  person,  without  uttering  a  smgle  word,  rose 
and  ascended  the  stops:  but  as  he  emefged  into  the  famt  light 
which  stm  lingered  in'  the  horizon,  I  fancied  that  I  cou  d  d.st.n- 
JuUli  h  m  to  be  the  Cai)tain.  On  my  entermg  I  found  the  Span- 
fard  dead  and  his  daughter  lying  in  a  state  of  insensibility  ay  hw 
Se    wll  the  female  slave  was  howling  and  tearing  her  hair  like 

:^Ll^.^^Sut^tSuK5  Si^s  Wld^^^?; 

coming  to  her  relief,  she  became  somewhat  composed,  when  Heft 

hpr  ill  charue  of  her  attendant.  •   j        r  tu„ 

Tl  c  next  day  was  spent  in  taking  out  the  remainder  ofthe 

felucca's  cargo      There'  seemed  now  no  anxiety  on  the  captain  8 

fart  to  procfed  on  his  voyage-he  appeared  to  have  forgot  the 

ecessitv   expressed  on  a  former  occasion,  of  being  in  port  withm 

a  S  ted  112^     He  «as  often  in  a  state  of  inebriety ;  for  the  wine 

Ld  spiritHf  the  Spaniards  were  lavishly  served  out  to  the  whole 

shin's  company    wUh  whom  he  also  mixed  more;  and  banished 

fi  LughC's  of  bearing  which  had  marked  his  conduct  h.th 

erto 


rsflj 


■5S«P 


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98 


THE    pirate's   treasure. 


In  the  evening  the  body  of  Don  Diego  was  brought  upon  deck, 
where  his  crew,  under  the  superintendence  of  the  priest,  prepared 
it  for  its  commitment  to  the  deep.     The  corpse  was,  as  is  usual 
in  such  cases,  wrapped  up  in  the  blankets  and  sheets  in  which  it 
had  lain,  and  a  white  napkin  was  tied  over  the  face  and  head.     In 
its  right  hand,  which  was  crossed  over  the  breast,  was  placed  a 
gold   doubloon.     Its   leil  held  a  small  bag  containing   a  book, 
a  hammer,  and  a  candle,  while  on  the  bosom  was  laid  the  little 
crucifix  worn  by  the  deceased.     It  was  next  enveloped  in  a  ham- 
mock, with  a  couple  of  eight-pound  shots,  and  a  bag  of  ballast  at 
the  feet  to  sink  it.     At  midnight  the  vessel  was  hove-to,  and  all 
the    ship's  company  assembled  at  the  lee-gangway.     The   Span- 
iards and  negroes  bore  each  a  burning  torch  in  his  hand;   the 
blaze  of  which,  as  they  held  them  elevated  above  their  heads,  cast 
a  strange  and  fearful  light  through  the  deep  darkness,  and  ilium- 
iaed  the  ocean  far  and  wide  with  a   supernatural   refulgency 
When  all  was  ready,  the  priest,   accompanied  by  Isabella,  came 
up  from  the  cabin,  and  the  Spaniards  lifting  up  the  body,  carried 
it  forward  to  the  waist,  where  one  of  the  ship's   gratings  had 
been  put  projecting   over  the  side,  and  on  this  the  corpse  was 
laid,   and  its  feet  to  the  water.     Around  this  the  torch-bearers 
formed  a  circle,  and  the  priest,  standing  at  the  bead,  began  the 
funeral  service  for  the  dead  at  sea.     The  wind  'iiad  now  subsided 
into  a  gentle  breeze;  and  nothing  disturbed  tho  ,>rofound  silence 
of  the  crew  during  mass,  tive  the  slight  splashing  of  the  waves 
against  the  windward  side  of  the  ship,  and  the  deep  drawfi,  con- 
vulsive sobs  of  the  young  lady  as  she  stood,  enveloped  in  the 
mantillo,  in  the  obscurity  of  the  main-rigging.     Mass  being  con- 
cluded, the  priest  solemnly  chanted  the  funeral  anthem: — "  May 
the  angels  conduct  thee  into  Paradise;  may  the  martyrs  receive 
thee  at  thy  coming;  and  mayt^t  thoM  have  eternal  rest  with  Laz- 
arus, who  was  formerly  p;  or!"       ffo  then  sprinkled  the  body 
with  holy  water  and  conti  i-.:- '    -'•         t  hath  pleased  God  to  take 
the  soul  of  our  dear  brcu*.     her*,    departed   unto  himself,  we 
therefore,  comnut  his  '?'>:••■  .o  the  deep,  in  the  sure  and  certain 
hope  of  a  joyful  resurr^  -'.:>!  on  that  day  when  the  sea  shall  give 
up  its  dead.     Let  him  f    ;  in  peace!"     The  Spaniards  responded 
'•  Amen!"  and  the  priest  repeating,    "May  his  soul,  and  th«  souls 
of  all  the  faithfii!  departed,  through  the  mercy  of  God,  rest  in 
peace — Amen!"  made  the  sign  of  the  cross;  and  the  bow-chaser, 
which  had  been  loaded  and  made  ready  for  the  occasion,  firing, 
the  end  of  the  grating  was  gently  elevated,  and  the  corpse  heavily 
plunged  into  the  water.    The  waves  parted,  heaving  and  foaming 
round  the  body  as  it  disappeared, — when  to  our  horror  and  aston- 
ishment we  beheld  it,  the  next  minute,  slowly  return  to  the  surface, 
deprived  of  the  canvass  covering  in  which  it  had  been  sewed. 
The  dead  man  came  up  as  he  had  gone  down,  in  an  upright  posi- 
tion, and  floated  .a  little  time  with  his  back  to  the  vessel;   but  the 


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THE   pirate's   TREABUBE.  M 

t 

motion  of  the  water  turned  him  round  by  degrees  till  we  distinenjr 
saw  his  face.  The  head  was  thrown  bacE,  and  the  eyes  wide 
open;  and  under  the  strong  stream  of  light  poured  on  them  from 
the  torches,  they  seemed  to  glare  ghastly  and  fearfully  upwards. 
His  gray  hairs,  long  and  dishevefled,  floated  about  his  face,  at 
times  partially  obscuring  it;  and  one  arm,  stretched  forth,  and 
agitated  by  the  action  of  the  waves,  appeared  as  if  in  the  aci  of 
threatening  us.  When  the  first  burst  of  horror  had  subsided,  1 
causht  hold  of  Isabella  to  prevent  her  seeing  the  body,  and  wai 
ieacUng  her  off,  when  some  of  the  men,  lowering  their  torches 
from  the  main-chains,  whispered  that  it  was  the  murdered  man, 
old  James  Gemmel.  The  Captain  had  beeui  hitherto  looking  on 
with  the  rest  without  having  apparently  recognised  him ;  but  when 
the  name  struck  his  ear,  ne  shrunk  back  and  involuntarily  ex- 
claimed, "it's  a  lie — it's  an  infamous  lie!  Who  dares  to  sav  he 
was  murdered?  He  went  overboard  two  days  ago?  But  don't 
let  him  come  on  board:  for  God's  sake  keep  him  down,  or  he'll 
take  us  all  with  him  to  the  bottom.  Will  nobody  keep  him  down  ? 
Will  nobody  shove  him  off?  Helm  a-l«e !"  he  bawled  out,  waving 
to  the  steersman;  but  the  m'an  had  deserted  his  post,  eager  to 
see  what  was  going  on;  ho,  therefore,  ran  to  the  wheel  himself, 
and  again  issued  his  commands,     ' '  Let  go  the  main  top-sail  woath- 


i»» 


lered 


say 
wfiy, 


er  braces,  and  bring  round  the  yard!      Let  them 
His  orders  were  speedily  executed.    The  vessel  gati 
and  we  quickly  shot  past  the  body  of  the  old  man. 

For  several  days  after  this,  we  pursued  our  course  with  a  fa- 
vorable wind,  which  drove  us  swiftly  forward  on  our  voyage. 
The  Captain  now  kept  himself  constantly  intoxicated,  seldom 
made  his  appearance  m  the  cabin,  but  left  us  altogether  to  the 
care  of  the  steward.  All  subordination  was  now  at  an  end — hii 
whole  time  was  spent  atnong  the  seamen,  with  whom  he  mixed 
(hmiliarly,  and  was  addresseoby  them  without  the  slightest  portion 
of  that  respect  or  deference  commonly  paid  to  the  Captain  of  the 
venel.  The  appearance  of  the  men,  also,  w&s  much  altered. 
From  the  careless  mirth  and  gaiety  and  the  characteristic  good 
humor  of  sailors,  there  was  now  a  suUenness  and  gloom  only  vis* 
ibie.  A  constant  whispering — a  constant  caballing  was  gbing  on 
— a  perpetual  discussion,  as  if  some  design  of  moment  was  in 

aitation,  or  some  step  of  deep  importance  was  about  to  be  taken. 
1  sociality  and  confidence  towards  each  other  were  banished. 
In  place  of*^  conversing  together  in  a  body,  as  formerly,  they  now 
walked  about  in  detached  parties,  and  among  them  the  boatswain 
and  carpenter  seemed  to  take  an  active  lead.  Yet,  in  the  midst 
of  all  this  disorder,  a  few  of  our  own  crew  kept  themselves  sepa- 
rate, taking  no  share  in  the  general  consultation ;  but  from  the 
anxiety  expressed  in  their  countenances,  as  well  as  in  that  of  the 
mate,  I  foresaw  some  storm  was  brooding,  and  about  to  bant  on 
our  haadf . 


TIU   rUATl's  TBBA»UBK. 


Since  Montiddo's  decth,  IsiOieUa  had  beeo  in  the  habit  of  leav- 
ing her  cabin  after  sun-aet,  to  enjoy  the  coolneaa  of  the  evening 
breeze;  and  in  this  she  was  sometinws  joined  by  the  priest,  but 
more  frequently  was  only  attended  by  her  slave.  One  evening 
she  came  up  as  usual,  and  after  walking  back  and  forward  on 
deck  till  the  dews  began  to  fall,  she  turned  to  go  below:  but  just 
as  we  approached  the  companion-way,  one  of  the  negroes,  who 
now,  in  tnc  absence  of  all  discipline,  lounged  about  the  quarter- 
deck without  rebuke,  shut  down  the  head,  and  throwing  himself 
on  it,  declared  that  none  should  make  him  rise  without  the  reward 
of  a  kiss,  This  piece  of  insolence  was  received  with  an  encour- 
aging laugh  by  his  fellows,  and  several  slang  expressions  of  wit 
were  uttered,  which  were  loudly  applauded  b^  those  around. 
Without  a  word  of  remonstrance,  Isabella  timidly  stooped,  and 
would  have  attempted  getting  down  the  ladder  without  disturbing 
the  slave;  when,  burning  with  indignation,  I  siezed  the  rascal  by 
the  collar,  and  pitches]  nim  head  foremast  along  the  deck.  In 
an  instant  he  got  on  his  legs,  and  pulling  a  long  clasp-knife  out 
of  his  pocket,  with  a  loud  imprecation  he  made  towards  me,  AU 
the  other  negroes  likewise  made  a  motion  to  assist  hini',  and  I 
expected  to  be  assailed  on  all  hands,  when  the  mate  interfered, 
and  laying  hold  hf  the  marlin-spike,  which  I  had  caught  up  to 
defend  mjraelf,  pushed  me  back,  as  he  whispered,  "Are  you  mad, 
that  you  mterfere  ?  For  heaven's  sake,  keep  quiet,  for  I  have  no 
authority  over  the  crew  now!"  And  he  spoke  the  truth;  for  the 
negro,  brandishing  his  knife,  and  supportea  by  bis  comrades,  was 
again  advancing,  when  the  hoarse  voice  of  the  boatswain,  as  he 
ran  to  the  scene  of  action,  arrested  his  progress. 

"  Hallo!  you  there,  what's  the  squall  for  i  Avast,  avast,  Mingot 
off  hands  is  flur  play — sjiip  that  blade  of  yours,  or  I'll  send  my  fist 
through  your  ribs,  and  make  day-light  shine  through  them  in  a 
minute.'  I  relived  the  behavior  of  the  negro,  and  was  request- 
inghim  to  order  the  slaves  forward,  when  iwas  cut  short  with — 
"There  are  no  slaves  here,  youna  man!  we  are  all  alike ft'ee  in  a 
British  ship.    But  damn  his  eyes  for  an  insolent  son  of  a  ; 

he  pretend  to  kiss  the  pretty  girl!  I'll  let  him  know  she  belongs  to 
his  betters!  The  black  wench  is  good  enough  for  him  any  nay. 
Coma,  my  dear!"  he  continued,  turning  to  iMbella,  "give  jae  the 
same  hire,  and  I'll  undertake  to  clear  the  way  for  you  myself." 
He  made  as  if  he  meant  to  approach  her,  «hen,*«areless  of  what 
the  ooQsequences  might  be  to  myself,  I  hastily  stepped  forward, 
and  lifting  up  the  head  of  the  companion,  Isabella  in  an  instant 
darted  below.  "  This  lady  is  no  fit  subject  either  for  wii  or  jnso- 
leDce,"said  I,  shutting  the  doors,  "and  he  is  less  than  man  who 
would  iniult  an  unprotected  female."  For  a  little  while  he  stood 
•yeing  ma  as  if  hesitating  whether  be  would  resent  my  in(^erfer> 
tnoa,  or  remain  paaaivA;  at  length  he  tamed  slowly  and  dogged^ 
ly  away  as  ha  uttered — "  you  ruffle  big,  and  orow  with  a  bnsk  note, 


mm^ 


...wMuaaMMM^iiiMu. 


-i. 


I  irt^iifiinihiiinifiiinfnnnrriii  ii 


tuAirtiHiTktMifiTiikiUiM  HiTMWIMiWMfctWM T"^' ■  -■■-*■*-"-■ 


TVS  rilUTB's  TRXASDBE. 


95 


habit  of  Iaet- 

r  the  evening 

le  priest,  but 

One  evening 

id  forward  on 

slow:  but  just 

nesroes,  who 

It  the  fjuarter- 

owing  himself 

out  the  reward 

rith  an  encour- 

essions  of  wit 

those  around. 

y  stooped,  and 

lout  disturbing 

d  the  rasQal  by 

the  deck.    In 

clasp-knife  out 

vards  me.    All 

jist  ifivBt,  and  I 

iate  interfered, 

1  caught  up  to 

"  Are  you  mad, 

t,  for  I  have  no 

e  truth;  for  the 

I  comrades,  was 

oatswain,  as  he 

t,  avast,  Mingo! 
I'll  send  my  fist 
ough  them  in  a 
nd  was  requeit- 
But  short  with — 
ill  alike  firee  in  a 
ion  of  a—        ■; 
wshe  belongs  to 
r  him  any  day. 
la,  "give  jne  the 
or  you  myself." 
careless  of  what 
itepped  forward, 
Ua  m  an  instant 
r  for  wii  or  jnso- 
ss  than  man  who 
e  while  he  stood 
lent  my  in(prfer- 
wly  and  doggad^ 
withabnaknota, 


my  lad!  But  IVe  seen  me  do  as  wonderful  a  thing  as  twist  your 
windpipe  and  send  you  over  the  side  to  cool  yourself  a  bit;  and  so 
I  would  serve  you  in  the  turning  of  a  wave,  if  it  wasn't  that  we 
may  have  use  for  you  yet!  I  see  in  what  quarter  the  wind  sets; 
but  mind  your  eye!  for  sink  me  if  I  dont  keep  a  sharp  look  out 
ahead  over  you." 

I  now  saw  thut  things  had  come  to  a  crisis — that  the  crew 
meant  to  turn  pirates;  and  I  was  to  be  detained  among  them  for 
the  sake  of  my  professional  services.  I  could  not,  without  a  shud- 
der, reflect  on  what  must  be  the  fate  of  Isabella  among  such  a  gang 
of  reckless  viUaics:  but  I  firmly  resolved  that,  come  what  nucht, 
royprotection  and  care  over  her  should  cease  but  with  my  life. 

To  be  prepared  for  the  worst,  I  immediately  went  below,  load- 
ed my  pistols,  and  concealed  them  in  my  breast,  securing  at  the 
same  time  all  my  money  and  papers  about  my  person.  While 
thus  employed,  one  of  the  cabin-boys  came  down  for  a  spjr-glass, 
saying  that  a  sail  had  hove  in  sight  to  windward.  Upon  this  1  fol- 
lowedhim  up,  and  found  the xsrew  collected  together  in  clamor- 
ous consultation  as.  to  the  course  they  should  follow.  Some  were 
for  lying-ti))4iU  she  came  down,  atfd  taking  her,  if  a  merchantman; 
and  if  not,  they  could  earily^  sheer  off— but  this  motion  was  over- 
ruled by  ^e  majority,  who  judged  it  best  to  keep  clear  for  fear 
of  accidents:  accordingly  all  ^he  spare  caoVas  was  set,  and  we  were 
soon  gaining  large  before  the  wipo.  But  the  Dart,  though  reckon- 
ed the  first  sailor  out  of  Clyde  when  close  hauled  on  a  wind,  was 
oy  no  means  so  fleet  when  squared  away  and  going  firee:  she  had 
now  met  with  her  match,  for  the  stranger  was  evidently  gaining 
rapidly  on  us,  and  in  two  hours  we  saw  it  wai  impossible  for  us 
to  escape.  The  priest  and  I  were  ordered  down  with  a  threat  of 
instant  death  if  we  oflfeied  to  come  on  deck,  or  make  any  attempt 
to  attract  observation. 

I  now  &'>mnunieated  to  Isabella  my  apprahensions  with  respect 
to  the  erew,  along  with  my  resolution  to  leave  the  vessel  if  the 
other  proved  a  man-of-war,  and  earnestly  advised  both  her  and 
the  priest  to  take  advantage  of  it  also.  She  thanked  me  with  a 
look  and  smile  that  told  ne  how  sensible  she  was  pf  the  interest 
I  felt  in  her  welfiure,  and  expressed  her  willingness  to  be  guided 
•by  me  whatever  way  I  thought  best. 

Shortly  after  this  we  heard  a  gun  fired  to  bring  us  to,  and  the 
Dart  hailed  and  qiMMionod  as  to  her  port  and  destination.  The 
answers,  it  appeared,  were  thought  evasive  and  unsatisfactory,  for 
we  ware  ordered  to  come  close  undar  the  lee-quarter  of  his  Ma- 

ttlty's  sloop  of  war  Tartar,  while  they  seat  to  examine  our  papers, 
is  was  now  our  only  ohaoee,  and  I  resolved,  that  if  the  officer 
ahouU  not  ooma  below,  I  woul4  Ibroa  the  oompanion-door  and 
claim  Ma  protaelwn.  Blot  I  was  oot  put  to  this  alternative.  Aa 
aeon  aa  ha  amyad*  I  beard  him  dasire  the  Mches  to  be  tfktn  off, 
ud  atdar  Us  man  to  ezamina  tha  hold-    Tha  ipapaotion  did  act 


M 


THB  riRATK'a  TMAIumi. 


Mtts^  him;  for  he  hailed  the  sloop,  and  reported  that  there  wet* 
Spanish  goods  on  board  which  did  not  appear  in  the  manifest: — 
"  Then  remain  on  board,  and  keep  your  stem  lights  burning  all 
night,  and  take  charge  of  the  ship!"  was  the  reply.  In  a  state  of 
irksome  suspense  we  remained  nearly  two  hourd,  expecting  every 
minute  to  hear  the  officer  descending.  At  length,  to  our  relief, 
the  compnnion-doors  were  unlocked,  and  a  young  man,  attended  by 
our  capttiin,  entered  the  cabin.  He  looked  surprised  on  seeing 
us,  and  bowing  to  Isabella,  apologized  for  intruding  at  such  an 
unseasonable  hour.  "  But  I  was  not  given  to  understand, "  ho  ad- 
ded, "  that  there  were  passengers  in  the  ship— prisoners  t  should 
rather  pronounce  it,  Mr  Mahone,  for  you  seem  to  have  bad  them 
under  lock  and  key,  which  is  rather  an  unusual  mode  of  treating 
ladies  at  least.  No  wine,  sir!"  he  continued,  motioning  away  the 
bottles  which  the  Captain  was  hastily  placing  on  the  table — "no 
wine,  but  be  pleased  to  show  me  your  register  and  bill  of  lading." 
He  had  not  been  long  seated  to  inspect  them  when  a  shuffling 
and  hurried  sound  of  feet  was  heard  overhead,  and  a  voice  calling 
on  Mr.  Duff  for  assistance,  showed  thtit  some  scuffle  had  taken 

Iuace  above.  Instantaneously  we  all  started  to  our  feet,  and  the 
ieutenant  was  in  the  act  of  drawing  his  sword,  when,  accidentally 
looking  round,  I  ob8er,ved  Mahone  presenting  a  pistol  behind. 
With  a  erv  of  warning,  I  threw  myself  forward,  ana  had  just  time 
to  strike  the  weapon  slightly  aside,  when  it  went  off.  The  ball 
narrowly  missed  the  head  of  Duff,  for  whom  it  had  been  aimed, 
but  struck  the  priest  immediately  over  the  right  eye,  who,  making 
one  desperate  and  convulsive  leap  as  high  as  the  ceiling,  sunk 
down  dead,  and  before  the  Captain  could  pull  out  another,  I 
discharged  the  contents  of  mine  into  his  breast.  We  then  rushed 
upon  deck ;  but  it  was  only  to  find  the  boat's  crew  had  been  mas- 
tered, and  to  behold  the  last  of  the  men  tumbled  overboard.  The 
pirates  then  dispersed,  and  exerted  themselves  to  got  the  ship 
speedily  under-way;  while  the  boatswain  sang  out^to  extinsuish 
the  lanterns,  that  the  Tartar  might  not  be  guided  by  the  lights. 
"It's  all  over  with  us!"  exclaimed  my  companion;  "but  follow 
me— we  havo  one  chance  for  our  lives  yet.  Our  boat  is  still  tow- 
ing astern ;  do  you  throw  yourself  over,  and  swim  till  I  slide  down 
the  painter,  ana  cut  her  adrift.  Come,  bear  a  hand,  and  jump! 
don  t  vou  see  them  hastening  aft?"  And  in  an  instant  he  pitched 
himself  off  the  taffrel,  slid  down  the  rope  whioh  held  the  boat,  and 
cast  her  loose.  But  this  advice  however  judicious,  it  was  impos- 
sible for  me  to  follow — for,  at  the  moment,  repeated  shrieks  from 
Isabella  put  to  flisht  all  thoushts  for  mr  own  individual  safety;  I, 
therefore,  hurried  back  to  the  cabin,  oetermined,  that  if  I  could 
not  rescue  her  along  with  myself,  to  remain,  and  protect  her  with 
mv  life.  And  in  a  happy  time  I  arrived!  The  candles  were 
ittti  burning  on  the  table;  and  through  the  smoke  of  the  pistols, 
which  itill  filled  the  cabin,  I  bchtM  htr  stniggling  in  the  arms  of 


wnpK- 


m  nsATi'i  TftiAimti 


07 


d  that  there  wer» 
»  the  roanifett:-— 
lights  burning  all 
ly.     In  a  state  of 
1,  expecting  every 
gth,  to  our  relief, 
J  man,  attended  by 
rprised  on  seeing 
iruding  at  such  an 
nderstand-'hoad- 
-prisoners  I  should 
1  to  have  had  them 
il  mode  of  treating 
motioning  away  the 
on  the  table—"  no 
andbillofladmg. 
m  when  a  shuffling 
and  a  voice  calling 
a  scuffle  had  taken 
to  our  feet,  and  the 
when,  accidentallv 
ng  a  pistol  behind, 
■d.  and  had  just  time 
went  off.    The  ball 
it  had  been  aimed, 
It  eye,  who,  making 
as  the  ceiling,  sunk 
pull  out  another,  1 
rt.     We  then  rushed 
crew  had  been  mas- 
led  overboard.     The 
elves  to  get  the  ship 
ing  out  to  extinguish 
ttuided'by  the  lights. 
Spanion;  "but  follow 

Our  boat  is  still  tow- 
swim  till  I  slide  down 
ir  a  hand,  and  jump! 
an  instant  he  pitched 
ioh  held  the  boat,  and 
dicious,  it  was  impos- 
repeated  shrieks  from 
n  individual  safety;  I, 
mined,  that  if  I  cou  d 
,  and  protect  her  with 
[»    The  candles  were 
)  imoke  of  the  pistoli, 
ruggUng  in  the  arnit  of 


•  negro— the  identical  slave  who  had  displayed  such  bsolence  in 
the  early  part  of  the  evening.  With  one  stroke  of  the  butend-of 
my  pistol*!  fractured  the  cursed  villain's  scull — caught  up  Isabella 
in  my  arms — ran  up  the  ladder,  and  had  nearly  gained  the  side, 
when  the  boatswain,  attracted  by  her  white  garments,  left  the 
helm  to  intercept  me— and  I  saw  the  gleam  of  his  uplifted  cutlass 
on  the  point  of  descending,  when  he  was  suddenly  struck  down 
by  some  person  from  behind.  I  did  not  stop  to  discover  who  had 
done  me  this  good  office,  but  hailing  DufF,  and  clasping  Isabella 
firmly  to  my  heart,  I  plunsed  into  the  water,  followed  by  my  un- 
known ally.  With  the  aid  of  my  companion,  whom  I  now  found 
;o  be  John  Wyliie,  the  mate,  we  easily  managed  to  support  our 
charge  till  flie  boat  reached  us;  when  we  found  that  the  greater 
part  of  the  men  had  been  rescued  in  a  similar  manner.     . 

When  the  morning  dawned,  we  perceived  the  Dart,  like  a  speck 
in  the  horizon,  and  the  sloop  of  war  in  close  chose.  Our  atten- 
tion'was  next  turned  to  our  own  situation,  which  was  by  no  means 
enviable:  we  had  escaped,  it  is  true,  with  our  lives,  for  the  present; 
but  without  a  morsel  of  food,  or  a  single  drop  of  fresh  water,  with 
us  in  the  boat;  we  could,  at  best,  6nly..expect  to  protract  existence 
for  n  few  days  longer,  and  then  yield  it  up  ultimately  in  horror 
and  misery.  By  an  observation  taken  the  day  before,  on  board  of 
the  Tartar,  Mr.  Duff  informed  us  we  were  to  the  north-east  of  the 
Bahamas;  and  distant  about  one  hundred  and  seventy  miles  from 
Walling's  Island,  which  was  the  nearest  land.  This  was  a  long 
distance;  but,  as  despair  never  enters  the  breast  of  a  British 
sailor,  even  in  situations  of  the  utmost  extremity,  we  cheered  up 
each  other ;  and,  as  no  other  resource  was  leH  us,  we  manned  our 
oars,  and  puHed  away  with  life,  trusting  in  the  chance  of  meeting 
with  some  vessel,  of  which  there  was  a  strong  probability,  as  thia 
was  the  common  course  of  the  leeward  traders.  And  our  hopei 
were  not  disappointed!  for  next  day  we  fortunately  fell  in  with  a 
brig  from  the  Azores,  bound  for  Porto  Rico,  on  board  of  which  we 
were  received  with  much  kindness;  and,  in  five  days,  we  founl 
ourselves  safe  moored  in  Porto-real  harbor. 

My  first  step  on  landing  was  to  inquire  for  a  boarding-house  fmr 
Isabella,  and  i  hod  the  sood  luck  to  be  directed  to  one  kept  by  a 
respectable  Scotch  family,  in  Orange  Terrace,  and  to  this  I  con^ 
ducted  her.  My  next  transaction  was  to  charter  a  small  cutter; 
•nd  to  communicate  to  Duff  the  secret  of  the  hidden  treasure;  at 
the  same  time  asking  him  to  adventure  himself  and  his  men  on  it* 
recovery.  I  also  gave  him  to  understand  the  probability  of  • 
rcaconter  with  the  pirates,  in  the  event  of  their  having  escaped 
the  sloop,  for  I  wiis  aware  that  Mahone  had  overheard  the  whole 
confession,  from,  my  fbding  him  listening  at  the  cabin  door. 
Without  hesitation,  the  lieutenant  at  once  agreed  to  acuompaiqr 
me,  and  engaging  some  hands  out  of  a  vessel  newly  arrived,  ws 
looa  muiterea  a  party  of  fourteen  men.    Aa  it  wanted  only  nx 

$ 


.*»' 


•nm.  KUMTl'f  TRBA«VM. 


«h]»  of  th»  fMtiTal  of  St.  Ji«o,  and  the  distance  ecroM  the  Cuib> 
kMA  iMt  waa  great  enough  to  require  all  our  exertions  to  be  there 
JAlioM,  we  embarked  and  sailed  that  very  night.  * 

Ottc  eutter  proTod  a  prime  eailer — and  Uiough  the  winds  were 
light  mad  Tariable,  by  the  help  of  our  eweepe  we  made  the  Roecas 
•A  th*  Evening  of  the  aiith  oay.  As  the  Spaniard  had  foretold, 
ihA  moon  was  elimbiag  the  western  skjr,  andpouring  the  fulness 
of  her  splendor  with  »mild  and  beautiful  effulgence  on  the  un- 
troubled  deep,  as  we  riewfy  drifted  with  the  current  between,  the 
Wirffifoek  and  the  adjaeent  ide.  All  was  vlent  and  calm  over  the 
vdMtle  desert  of  the  Archipelago  and  the  vast  surrounding  waters, 
iMre  BOW  and  then  the  sudden  flight  of  a  searfowl  awakening 
Am»  its  slumbers  as  we  passed;  or  the  occasional  roar  of  the 
jaguar  faintly  wafted  from  the  main  land.  We  ran  the  cutter  into 
•L««ep  and, narrow  creek;  moored  her  safe,  and  proceeded,  well 
«MWM,  tothe  eastern  extremity.  There  we  found  the  projecting, 
poiofcof  land,  and  the  old  vaniUa  tree  exactly  in  the  situation  des-* 
caihedi  its  huge,  twuted  trunk  was  still  entire;  and  from  the  end 
«Cila,aoliteiy  braoch,  which  was  graced  by  a  few  scattered  leaves, 
Mm  bodx  of  a  man  in  the  sarb  of  a  sailor  hung  suspended  in  irons. 
Th«  ololhes  had  preserved  the  body  from  the  birde  of  prey,  but  the 
Wad  was  picked  clean  and  bare,  leaving  the  eyeless  and  bleached 
akatt  t6  glitter  white  in  the  moonlight.  In  perfect  silence,  and 
villi  something  of  awe  in  our  spirits  impressed  by  the  solitude,  and 
4raacinesa  <^  the  scene,  we  seated  ourselves  on  the  rocks,  and, 
wtk  my  timepiece  in  my  hand,  I  began  to  mark  the  progress  of 
iIm  aluMow.  For  nearly  three  hours  we  watched  in  this  manner, 
lintaning  attentively  for  the  slightest  sound  from  sea^ward;  but 
«mi7  tiling  continued  hushed  and  still,  except  the  creaking  of  the 
ahoia  a*  the  dead  man  swang  to  and  fro  in  the  breease.  Midnight 
mp  now  drawing  near— the  moon,  radiant  and  full,  was  careenng 
ki|i^  throuffh  the  deep  blue  of  heaven,  and  the  shadows  of  the 
bMBnk  ana  stem  were  approaching  each  other,  and  towards  the 
^wwed  point  At  length  the  hand  of  my  timepiece  pointed  to 
within  <me  minute  of  the  time.  It  pe'wed  over.  The  branch  and 
tfus  »f^^  oierged  into  one,  and  threw  weir  shadow  due  east;  and 
Wt  tirst  spade-fuU  of  earth  had  been  thrown  out,  when  th^  man 
who  had  been,  stationed  to  keep  a  look  out  came  running  to  inform 
«•  tint  a  boat  was  rapidly  approaching  from  the  east.  We  im- 
■Mdiatdy  concluded  that  they  must  be  a  part, of  the  Dart's  crew; 
and  theif  tong  and  vigorous  strokes,  as  they  stretched  out  to  the 
ihll  extent  of  their  oars,  showed  that  tbev  knew  the  importance  <^ 
•aant  minute  that  eliqiaed.  Our  implements  for  digging  were 
llaaiyy  laid  aside,  and  we  coacealad  ourselves  among  the  roi^ 
tiHtfaaft  should  eoaMiwithiareaeh.  In  a  sbort  time  the  boat  wm 
tmmmhoan,  aad  alarmed iwm  cama  forwaitd,  partly  SpaaivHi 
«i4'PMl4^  thft  ship%  eaaw;  aaMOf  wkMa  I  reeognised  tb»  b«|l- 
mnia^  aad,  tamf  mufnm^  VUtnamt  whom  Lhad  ahot  m4  Itftfiff 


Fuun's  tiBAunuk 


acroM  the  Carib* 
irtionatobether* 

ii  the  winds  were 

ni«ae  the  Rooew 
iard  had  foretold, 
)unogthe  fuhieM 
Igeace  on  the  un- 
irrent  betwoen.the 

1^  calm  over  the 
Arrounding  wetwe, 
Barfowl  awakemBg 
iiional  roar  of  the 

ranthe  cutter  into 
ad  proceeded,  well 
)und  the  projecting. 
'  the  situation  des-- 
and  from  the  end 
jw  scattered  leaves, 

suspended  in  irons, 
irdaofprey.btttthe 

yeless  and  bleached 
perfect  silence,  and 
I  by  the  solUude,  and 
B  on  the  rocks,  wid, 
lark  the  progress  of 
chedinthis  manner, 
from  sea-ward;  but 

id  fuU,  was  careenng 
i  the  shadows  of  the 
her,  and  towards  the 

tim«p»«c«  P<»n*««  *5 
wr.    The  branch  and 
shadow  due  east^  and 
mout,when  thimm 
aroe  running  to  mform 
HQ  the  east.    We  i»- 
jrt  of  the  Dart's  crew; 
ey  stretched  out  to  the 
;iiew  the  importance  of 
tents  for  digging  were 
elves  among  the  rooM 
djort  time  tBe  boat  WM 

rwari.  Partly  8]rt«S 
IreeofntaeAAtW 


dead  in  the  oabin.  Without  giviag  them  time  to  prepara  for  tha 
MMult,  we  quitted  our  ahelter,  ana  iprung  among  them  at  ooM, 
laying  about  with  our  cutlaaaea. 


For  a  little  space  the  skirmish  waatoughlj  and  hotly  contested: 
for  the  pirates  were  readnte  and  reckless,  and  fought  with  the 
desperation  of  men  who  knew  that  the  only  chance  for  their  lives 
lay  in  their  own  exertions.  In  the  confosion  of  the  fray  I  had 
lost  sight  of  Duff,  and  was  eloaely  engaged  with  one  of  the  SpMr 
iuds,  when  the  voice  of  the  boatswain  shooting  forth  a  horrible 
imprecation  sounded  inunediately  behind  me.  I  turned  round, 
and  sprung  aiide  firom  the  sweep  of  bb  oothiae,  and,  as  my  piatob 
were  both  empty,  retreated,  noting  on  the  defensive;  when  he 
fnlled  out  his,  fired,  and  bulled  the  w«:i<pon  at  my  head,  llieahot 
Msaed  without  injuring  me— but  t' . '  ^iatol,  aimed  with  better  •{• 
fost,  struck  me  foil  in  the  forehead.  'A  thousand  ^>arks  <^  Mg^ 
fli^ed  from  my  eyea — ^I  felt  tafwM  reeling,  and  ob  the  poiirt  of 
fidling,  when  a  out  aereaa  the  shoulder  stretched  me  at  once  on  tha 

Kund.  When  I  recovered  from  my  stupor,  and  opened  my  eyea, 
momins  was  for  advanoed— the  sun  was  shining  bright  over 
bead;  and  f  found  nqrself  at  sea,  lying  on  the  deck  of  tiie  cutter; 
and  Doff  busily  engaged  in  exnmming  n^  wounds.  From  him  I 
learned  that  the  pirates  had  been  mastered  after  a  severe  oonfliot 
— 4n  which  four  nad  been  slaia,  and  left  on  the  island;  two  had 
oacaped  unobserved  during  the  fight,  and  made  off  with  their  boat; 
•ad  two  bad  been  wound«d,  and  w«re  priaonen  en  board,  pna  of 
irbom  was  Mahone.  On  onr  arrival  at  Parto  Bico,  we  delivored 
thtm  omr  to  dM  civil  powar;  and,  aoos  aftanrMdai  MalMM  wm 


il.Jlit|iili'''i'i^^ 


her.  My  fnend  UuB  nas  iweiy  "oeu  r  .  t|j_-  tines.  When 
captains,  and  is  •»'»«rt7"*'af„S  ^  n^*^  S  Wo;,  got. 
there  will  be  more  knocking  »»'°"*' ,?^*V^t  -dmit,  of.  John 
than  what  our  present  P«««  «-*f  "X"  JeSL  '«>'"»»»'" 
WylUe.  too  has  had  •J.'"*'™*?.;^ ''.iri  had™  e  additional 
of  one  of  the  finest  .^'P'^*™  *;'/*;;  ^^  Jrew  had  reason  to 
Ntisfaction  of  knowing  that  none  of  J°«  /J*  V^ti^  for  the 
regret  their  having  jeopardized  their  hves  in  ngmiBg 
"Krate's  Treasure." 


MISSIONARIES  IN  GREENLAND. 

•    llie  hardships  encountered^ythy^^^^^^ 

land  were  many  ^d  ««^«'^„  *5^  "S^XeSy"  ix  yeaia  of  his  fife 

on  aTOssel  which  '"^ »rPBJ"\' •  ^  drift-ice,  they  were  detained 
The  bay  being  nearly  blocked  up  g^ «""  ;"J  '  having  stated  that 
here  forseveral  weeks;  but,  •?"«  ^f  TJ^^pSiJ  weiihed  anchor 
the  sea  was  open  at  V^tlt^Se %  nd  wKnTrafy.  and  v«rt 
on  the  22d  of  August, . Ao«g.*^  the  ^'~»  T^  ,j^  ^j,/ '  advanced 

reefed,  and  driving  before  the  wind  mu^^^^^  ^^^ 

atoms.  At  one  time  •^^  "*™5''3^' ™*Lsoon  afterward., 
off  without  receiving  *.«{  P^J^^^J^J'^Xiense  field  of  ice,  that 
•he  struck  with  •«« V<Je°ce  "igu^^^^^  ^^^  ^^^^ 

several  planks  started  at  once,  the  water  rusn«u     ,  , 

ml  J  rapidly  that  the  captain  and  >«  •"^^i%hS^"lSi 
S!^  with  ?hei;  boats  to  jj^^^^^ 


s>'. 


gmilgitnnMii  lii ''I wiM 


laiitiiiiwitii 


hrtiililiiiiliif  rmmmmmu-' 


.^^^-Ti^lA-J^WMfUS 


MMSIOiriKns  IN  OMIITLAint. 


101 


convicted  on  our 
tod  nursing,  and 

ted  orphan  whom 
I— but  the  happy 
[ess  on  all  around 
on  the  littofport 
itling  timea,  when 
)  hard  blows  got, 
admits  of.  John 
being  now  master 
lad  the  additional 
Bw  bad  reason  to 
a  fighting  for  the 


riAND. 

isienaries  in  Green- 
ludolph,  in  attempt- 
-six  years  of  his  lifo 
1  a  very  riemarkable 
ne,  he  quitted  Lieb- 
I  evening  embarked  - 
ory  of  Julianenhaab. 
,  they  were  detained 
rs  having  stated  that 
tain  weighed  anchor 
I  contrary,  and  vaat 
)  time  they  advanced 
>n,  through  immense 
firoro  the  south-west, 
le  ship,  and  appeared 
le  was  now  truiv  tre- 
rith  her  saUs  closely 
evitably  be  dashed  to 
lUrock;  but  was  got 
but  soon  afterwards, 
lense  field  of  ice,  that 
hed  in,  and  the  vessel 
Uors  had  scarcely  e»- 
of  ice,  when  notbiw 
ter  than  the  larboara 
gre  Uielait  wliowwni 


taken  firom  the  wreck;  and,  just  before  they  Quitted  it,  they  were 
above  their  knees  in  water,  and  clinging  firmly  to  the  shrouds. 

Tho  mariners  were  now  anxious  to  make  towr-d  the  shore,  which 
was  only  about  a  league  distant ;  but  the  large  ooat  was  so  heavily 
laden,  and  the  wind  was  s)  high,  that  it  wak  deemed  more  advisable 
to  steer  for  the  nearest  island  they  could  reach.  This  proved  to 
be  a  rough  pointed  rock,  and  destitute  of  vegetation,  except  one 
small  plot  at  a  considerable  height  which  was  covered  with  short 
grass. — Here  they  attempted  to  land  the  provisions  which  had  been 
saved  from  the  wreck ;  but  the  waves  beat  with  such  fury  against 
the  rock,  that  the  boats,  with  eight  of  the  sailors  on  board,  were 
driven  to  the  opposite  shore  and  appeared  to  be  crushed  in  pieces. 
"All  our  hopes  of  being  saved,"  says  Mr.  Rudolph,  "now  van- 
ished ;  and  the  whole  company  gave  vent  to  their  feelings  in  loud 
and  general  cries  and  lamentations.  In  the  evening  we  lay  down 
to  rest,  close  to  each  other,  without  either  tent  or  covering,  and, 
as  it  continued  to  rain  heavily  during  the  whole  of  the  night,  the 
water  rushed  down  upon  us  in  torrents  from  the  summit  of  the  rock, 
and  we  were  completely  soaked  in  wet,  lying  as  it  were,  in  the 
midst  of  a  pool." 

On  the  27th  the  captain  and  most  of  the  sailors  determined  to 
attempt  to  reach  the  shore,  by  walking  across  the  ice;  though,  as 
it  was  frequently  necessary  to  leap  from  one  mass  to  another,  and 
a  fall  into  any  of  the  intermediate  chasms  would  have  been  instant- 
ly fatal,  this  undertaking  was  extremely  dangerous.  Rudolph  and 
the  partner  of  his  afiections  would  willingly  nave  joined  them,  but 
they  were  too  much  weakened  by  fatigue  and  want  of  food  to  allow 
of  such  an  exertion.  They  were,  therefore,  compelled  to  remain, 
together  with  the  ship's  cook,  who  was  in  the  same  enfeebled  sit- 
uation. The  crew,  however,  promised  that  if  they  succeeded 
in  reaching  the  shore,  a  boat  should  be  sent  to  resoue  ihem  from 
their  painml  and  perilous  situation. 

Time  now  passed  heavily  indeed,  wiUi  our  missionary  and  his 
companions,  who,  when  the  sun  shone,  employed  themselves  in 
drying  the  ftw  articles  which  they  had  been  enabled  to  save  from 
the  wreck;  but  they  were,  at  last,  so  enfeebled  by  cold  and  hun- 
eer,  that  even  this  little  exertion  proved  too  much  for  their  ex- 
hausted strength.  Day  after  day  they  looked  with  inexpressible 
k  anxiety  towards  the  land,  with  the  hope  of  discovering  some  Green- 
lander  hastening  to  their  relief. 

On  the  2d  of  September,  as  they  were  lying  down  to  sleep,  the 
wife  of  Rudolph  happened  to  raise  herself,  and  discovered  some 
Greeidanders,  who  had  beea  rowing  about  in  their  kajaks  the 
whole  of  the  day  without  seeing  any  persons  on  the  rock,  and  who 
were  now  proposing  to  return.  From  them  the  sufferers  obtained 
•  &w  herrings,  but  were  obliged  to  remain  on  the  rock  anotiier 
mght,  as  the  Greenlanders  had  no  boat  for  their  accommodation. 
TCe  following  evening  however,  they  were  safely  conveyed  to  the 


'iifi^r 


'^VM  ^"i  f.  -its  T.**_a 


im  DOLfBiNs  A»i>  rvmo  tun. 

colony  of  m^^^n»r,^-reiy^^  'Z^'^X^'v^o^eSi 

compiny.  with  the  ««/f '»h^°Je^procSd^^^^^^^  *» 

preserved;  «nd  0°  t^e  »lj  »h;y  7^e   ^^^^^  ^^^^^^^  j^^p,.^ 

teu7e7th^^^^^^^ 

tent;- t«":-i  r&tpej..  whence  they  «Ued 
SoTof  tie  Danii  ve»eK  to  Copenhagen. 


DOLPHINS  AND  FLYING  FISH. 

Perhap.  there  i.  not  any  ."«-jJ"tt"an  ^iS'Jik/sZ 
being  wifhin  tHe  t'opi^r'^^^^^^^  ,,„,,  p^etur- 

imagination  more  «''"'>'?'7^"fi".  x,  :=  true  that  a  stray  one 
eeqSe  little  animals,  the  fly»8-fi«»»-  *,*  mSa  few  short  skip, 
or  two  may  sometimes  be  geenfw  north.  ^^^^  ^,^^^  t;^ 

out  of  the  water;  and  I  ^«n  J«™?™nd  in  latiUide  45\  These, 
Z  edge  of  the  banks  «f  Newfound  and   m^^^^  ^^^ 

however,  had  been  B«^?f  «»  °X^  ^ns  much  of  its  tempera- 
aulf-stream,  an  ocean  in  »'8e»,.  wnicn  re^u  ^^^ 

fur"  far  inti  the  northern  regions    and  po  s A  y  ^^^  ^^ 

the  climate  <,'rh*\\trto";Se  tS  zine  tUt  he  see.  t'heVing- 
(kirly  reached  the  heart  ol  tne  »pr"°  *"  .  •  u»  ^  gyer  render 
Sh  L  perfection      No  femihar^^^^^  «- ^^  f  „ 

u.  indifferent  to  the  graceful  flight  ot  tn  ^.^^^  ^  ^^^  ,  ^ 

the  finny,  or,  rather,  ^'"J^J  ^n^J-  "j  compa^  of  any  kind,  the 
d.y.  or  a  «™>»>?8  «°""*tX,re  we*°carn  to  value  their  presence, 
more  we  see  of  them,  t**®*""^®  *®  1®" "Ljn  so  dull,  or  unimag- 

1  have.  ind««d..»'"'*'j.n'°Sn  ai  heT^^^  »  «*''«^'  '^'^i 
inative.  that  his  eye  did  not  ««»  "  JJ  J,«  from  the  sea.  and 

may  well  be  called,  a  co^«?  °i  ^f  "  ^here  is  something  in  it 
.kiin  along  for  "^^erd  hund'^  ya^d^^      Iher  ^^^^  .^ 

.0  very  peculiar  so  totdly  J«™'  "^,  ^  i^creasfng  every  time 
pert,  of  the  wor  d,  »»»'»*  °y*°Jf4jS!  The  incredultty,  indeed, 
we  see  even  a  single  one  t«*«  » •"J^  jg  gofficiently  excusable, 
of  the  old  ScotcR  ^'f^»»  *^'?JJjr  i^d'mduntains  o' sugar.  " 
"You  may  hae  seen  "•'•"  °  ™''''_^^^^^  but  you'll  ne'er 
said  she  to  her  son,  returned  ^^f  *  T^'Jj'floe'" 
i„  me  believe  you  »>««  "^^V  *  ™a«  the  ttenTai  influence  of  .• 


T 


the  whole  ihiD** 
n  providentially 
le  settlement  at 
fforded  inezprea- 
whole  congrega- 
te course  of  the 
tence  they  sailed 


FISH. 

:  evidence  of  our 
,  which  strikes  the 
f  of  those  pictur- 
,  that  a  stray  one 
g  a  few  short  skips 
g  several  close  to 
itude  45".     These, 
)sition  by  the  huge 
luch  of  its  tempera- 
»Iy  helps  to  modify 
itil  the  voyager  has 
he  sees  the  flying- 
ht  can  ever  render 
>8t  interesting  of  all 
ntrary,  like  a  bright 
ny  of  any  kind,  the 
due  their  presence, 
so  dull,^or  unima||- 
tched  a  shoal,  or,  it 
)  from  the  sea,  and 
)  is  something  in  it 
r  thing  else  in  other 
creasmg  every  time 
incredulity,  indeed, 
Bciently  excusable, 
ountains  o'  sugar," 
;  "  but  you'll  ne'er 
floe!" 

;enial  influence  of  .• 
he  upper  sails,  and 
eastward  to  catch  » 
-fishroaeoutof  tb« 


jimiiriiiriwiniiiiiiMiiiM ' 


DOLPRiirs  Asm  tLmro  vtsa. 


1» 


water,  ja«t  under  the  fore-chains,  and  ckimined  away  to  windwtd 
at  the  height  of  ten  or  twelve  feet  above  the  aurfluse. 

A  large  dolphin,  which  had  been  keeping  company  with  m 
aKreast  of  the  weather  gangway,  at  the  depth  of  two  or  three  kA- 
onu,  and,  as  usual,  glistening  most  beantifiilly  in  the  sun,  no 
sooner  detected  them  take  wing,  than  he  turned  his  head  towards 
them,  and,  darting  to  the  surface,  leaped  from  the  water  with  a 
velocity  little  short,  as  it  seemed,  of  a  cannon  ball.  But  although 
the  impetus  with  which  he  shot  himself  into  the  air  gave  him  an 
initial  velocity  greatly  exceeding  that  of  the  flying-uh,  the  alart 
which  his  fated  prey  had  got,  enabled  them  to  keep  ahead  of  him 
for  a  considerable  time.  The  length  of  the  dolphm's  first  spring 
could  not  be  less  than  ten  yards;  and  after  he  fell,  we  could  see 
him  gliding  like  lightning  through  the  water  for  a  moment,  when 
he  again  rose  and  shot  forwards  with  considerably  greater  velocity 
than  at  first,  and,  of  course,  to  a  still  greater  distance.  In  thu 
manner  the  merciless  pursuer  seemed  to  stride  along  the  sea  with 
fearful  rapidity,  while*nis  brilliant  coat  sparkled  and  flashed  in  the 
sun  quite  splendidly.  As  he  fell  headlong  on  the  water  at  the  end 
of  each  huge  leap,  a  series  of  circles  were  seut  iar  over  the  atfll 
surface,  which  lay  as  smooth  as  a  mirror;  for  the  breeze,  KUhougli 
enoiigh  to  set  the  royals  and  top-gallant  studding  sails  a&Ieea, 
was  hardly  as  yet  felt  below.  The  group  of  wretched  flying-fish, 
thus  hotly  pursued,  at  length  dropped  into  the  sea;  but  we  were 
rejoiced  to  observe  that  they  merely  touched  the  top  of  the  swell, 
and  scarcely  sunk  in  it, — at  least  they  instantly  set  off  again  in  a 
fresh  and  even  more  vigorous  flight.  It  was  particularly  interest- 
ing to  observe  that  the  direction  they  now  took  was  quite  different 
from  the  one  in  which  they  had  set  out,  implying  but  too  obvioualy 
that  they  had  detected  their  fierce  enemy,  who  was  following  them 
with  giant  steps  along  the  waves,  and  now  gaining  rapidly  upon 
them.  His  terrific  pace,  indeed,  was  two  or  three  times  as  swift 
as  theirs — poor  little  things!  and  whenever  they  varied  their  flight 
in  the  smallest  degree,  he  lost  not  the  tenth  part  of  a  second  in 
shaping  a  new  course,  so  as  to  cut  off  the  chase,  while  they,  in  a 
manner  really  not  unlike  that  of  the  hare,  doubled  more  than  once 
upon  their  pursuer.  But  it  was  soon  too  plainly  to  be  seen  that 
their  strength  and  confidence  were  fast  ebbing.  Their  flights 
became  shorter  and  shorter,  and  their  course  more  fluttering  and 
uncertain,  while  the  enormous  leaps  of  the  dolphin  i^peared  to 
grow  only  more  vigorous  at  each  bound.  Eventually,  indeed,  we 
could  see,  or  fancied  we  could  see,  that  this  skilful  sea-sportsman 
arranged  all  his  springs  with  such  an  assurance  of  success,  that 
be  contrived  to  fall,  at  the  end  of  each,  juat  under  the  very  spot 
on  which  the  exhausted  flying-fish  were  about  to  drop !  Sometimes 
thia  catastrophe  took  place  at  too  great  a  distance  for  us  to  see 
from  the  deck  exactly  what  happened;  but  on  our  mounting  high 
into  the  rigging,  we  may  be  said  to  have  been  in  at  the  deaw;  tor 


^1^11.111,1 'H  III  1]  Ml 


104 


TBI  DTWO  BOUBIH. 


t„e.  we  could  discover  that  *«  H^fo-^r^ci&n^^^^^ 
'Zr  another,  either  popped  "8»'t '"^J  ^''^J^^^^^^^ 
lighted  on  the  water.  "'^^""^veoK  "our  pretty  little 
XTwas  impossible  not  t%*f «  J"  '"Sl^we  v^^^^^  had 

mends  of  the  -e^/'J^J^^^^lS'tJe  sa^^^^   deliihteWi  the 
our  revenge.     Ihe  miauies  "^JT   ,.       g,'     the  jib-boom-end 

chance.  ri|ged  out  a  d«"»  «' ^b  jtT^i^^^^^^^^      bits  of  tin 
and  spritsail  yard-arms,  with  hooks  baiieamerev 

Z  gVu^'fl^'^U^fhTt  many  a  prS^^^^^^  •"• 


THE  DYING  DOLPHIN. 

From  buml'd  .cde.  they  beam  telWgwt  lay., 
Till  all  the  glowing  oceaaeeem  to  blue. 

Soon  to  the  .port  of  «»«»»^ ^^'Z'blited  ii«». 
Dart  the  long  lance,  or  .prwdtoe  bwteo  BiK- 

rtnp  in  redoubling  maaei,  wheew  uong. 

-     .  Ard'iude.%4yl««??t.?SSf" 

RoDMOsD  unerring  oer  hM  head  .ojpma* 

The  barbed  .teel,  and  every  turn  auendo. 

S.  Zn^l^gle.  witW«d«ve  p^ 
But  while  hi.  h^t  the  fatajjayetothnlli, 


What  glowing  nue.  "•  ■"i"7i~«jr*«.t 
Not  equal  beauUe.  gild  the  Ineid  *««»,,^ 
WithCting  beanJaU  o'er  V^^^^tT^ 
Not  lovelier  color,  paint  the  «m*ii?^"iL-- 
When  orient  dew.  Impearl  Ui'  •«»««>«*£!?'' 
Than  from  hi.  .idee  In  bright  •a®"'*'' *°'^' 
That  now  with  gold  imperial  ■« »  *M>»* '  * 
Now  in  peUucid'.apohi«.  meet  the  vSw, 
And  emSate  the  soh  ce,le.tid  hue : 
Now  beam  a  flaming  crimen  »» <«•  •?•'  • 
And  now  aMume  the  nurpto'.  *»?•' f  3*' 
But  here  dewription  oWd.  '••^lADiv  t 
What  tenni  of  art  can  natnm'a  powett  dtopttt ' 


«■ 


I  creaturea,  one 
tt's  jaws  aa  they 
ntly  afterwarde. 

our  pretty  little 
Bry  speedily  had 
lighted  with  the 
;he  jib-boom-end 

with  bits  of  tin, 
f  the  body  and 
iin,  making  sure 
ceitful  prize,  and 


a  dying  Dolphin,  bf 
nay  have  witneMed  a 


It  rays, 
raue. 


Iiroogh: 
•lutaini 
tin — 
111, 

i''didght! 
tdUpt! 

rest 

lawn, 
flow, 

lowi» 


dUpteVr 


VAMIHI  ON  aOAlD  THB  II  JAOftVIS. 


105 


HENRY  HUDSON. 

The  distinguished  English  naval  discoverer,  Henry  Hudson, 
sailed  from  London  in  the  year  1607,  in  a  small  vessel,  for  the 
purpose  of  discovering  a  north-east  passage  to  China  and  Japan, 
with  a  crew  of  only  ten  men  and  a  boy  besides  himself,  and,  pro- 
ceeding beyond  the  80th  desree  of  latitude,  returned  to  England 
in  September.     In  a  second  voyage,  the  next  year,  he  landed  at 
Nova  Zembla,  but  could  proceed  no  farther  eastward.     In  1609, 
he  undertook  a  third  voyago,  under  the  patronage  of  the  Dutch 
East  India  Company.     Being  unsuccessful  in  his  attempt  to  find 
a  north-east  passage,  he  sailed  for  Davis's  straits,  but  struck  the 
continent  of  America  in  44«»   N.  lat.,  and  holding  a  southerly 
course,  discovered  the  mouth  of  the  river  Hudson,  which  he  as- 
cended about  fifty  leagues  in  a  boat.     His  last  voyage  was  un- 
dertaken in  1610.     He  sailed,  April  17th,  in  a  bark  named  the 
Discovery,  with  a  crewr  of  twenty-three  men,  and  came  withm 
sight  of  Greenland,  June  4th.     Proceeding  westward  he  reached, 
in  latitude  60<»,  the  strait  bearing  his  name.     Through  this  he 
advanced  along  the  coast  of  Labrador,  to  which  he  gave  the  name 
of  Nova  Brittannia,  until  it  issued  into  the  vast  bay,  which  is  also 
called  after  him.     He  resolved  to  winter  in  the  most  southern 
part  of  it,  and  the  crew  drew  up  the  ship  in  a  small  creek,  and 
endeavored  to  sustain  the  severity  of  that  dismal  climate,  in  which 
attempt  thov  endured  severe  privations.     Hudson,  however,  fitted 
up  his  shallop  for  farther  discoveries;  but,  not  being  able  to  es- 
tablish any  communication  with  the  natives,  or  to  revictual  his 
ship,  with  tears  in  his  eyes  he  distributed  his  little  reniainmg 
bread  to  his  men,  and  prepared  to  return.     Having  a  dissatisfied 
and  mutinous  crew,  he  imprudentljr  uttered  some  threats  of  settinjg 
some  of  them  on  shore;  upon  which  a  body  of  them  entered  his 
cabin  at  night,  tied  his  arms  behind  him,  and  put  him  in  his  own 
shallop,  at  the  west  end  of  the  straits,  with  his  son,  John  Hudson, 
and  seven  of  the  most  infirm  of  the  crew.     They  were  then 
turned  adrift,  and  were  never  more  heard  of.     A  small  part  of  the 
crew,  after  enduring  incredible  hardships,  arrived  at  Plymouth, 
in  September,  1611. 


FAMINE  ON  BOARD  THE  FRENCH  SHIP 
LE  JACQUES. 

Of  all  the  disasters  to  which  mariners  are  subject,  the  wMit  of 
proTiaions  is  doubtleaa  one  of  the  moat  dreadftd.    In  the  hiatory 


IM 


f  AttlirS  on  BOARD  TBS  LI  JAOaTTIS. 


of  the  return  of  the  French  ship  Le  Jacques  from  Brazil  to  France, 
Jean  de  Lery  gives  an  account  of  an  extraordinary  famine  on 
board  that  vessel,  attended  with  the  most  appallins  circumstances. 

This  ship,  called  St.  Le  Jacques,  having  completed  her  cargo 
of  dying-wood,  pepper,  cotton,  monkeys,  parrots,  &c.  at  Braal, 
weighed  anchor  on  the  fourth  of  January,  1558.  The  wbple 
crew,  seamen  and  passengers,  consisted  of  forty-five  men,  exclu- 
sive of  the  captain.  They  had  sailed  seven  or  eight  days,  when 
a  leak  in  the  hold  was  discovered,  which  induced  hve  of  the  pas- 
sengers to  return  in  a  bark  offered  them  by  the  captain,  in  pre- 
ference to  continuing  on  the  course  to  France. 

We  shall  give  in  Lery's  own  words,  the  narrative  of  the  re- 
maining part  of  the  voyage. 

"  On  the  third  of  February  we  found,  that,  in  seven  weeks,  we 
had  not  made  more  than  one  third  of  our  way.  As  our  provisions 
diminished  very  fast,  it  was  proposed  to  bear  away  for  Cape  St. 
Rbch,  where  some  old  seamen  assured  us  that  we  should  be  able 
to  procure  refiresbments.  But  the  majority  advised  that  we  should 
eat  the  parrots  and  other  birds,  of  which  we  had  brought  away 
great  numbers;  and  their  opinion  prevailed. 

"  Our  misfortunes  began  with  a  quarrel  between  the  mate  and 
the  pilot ;  who,  to  aggravate  each  other,  then  went  so  far  as  to 
neglect  their  duty.  On  the  twenty-sixth  of  March,  the  pilot  being 
at  the  helm,  in  his  turn,  for  three  hours  he  kept  all  the  sails  set, 
when  a  violent  squall  assailed  the  vessel  with  such  force  that  she* 
was  cn'mnletely  thrown  on  one  side,  so  that  the  tops  of  the  mast!) 
were  immerseu  Ir  the  water.  The  cables,  the  hen-coops,  and  all 
the  boxes  which  were  now  lashed  fast,  were  swept  overboard,  and 
the  vessel  was  on  the  point  of  upsetting.  The  rigging,  however, 
being  instantly  cut  away  she  righted  again  by  degrees.  The 
danger,  (hough  extreme,  tended  so  little  to  produce  a  reconcilia- 
tion between  the  two  enemies,  that  the  moment  it  was  past,  they 
attacked  each  other  and  Ibught  with  the  most  savage  ferocity, 
notwithstanding  all  the  endeavors  that  were  made  to  pacify  them. 

"  This  was  only  the  beginning  of  a  horrid  series  of  calamities. 
A  few  days  afterwards,  in  a  calm  sea,  the  carpenter,  and  other 
artisans,  in  the  attempt  to  relieve  those  who  were  laboring  at  the 
pumps,  were  so  unfortunate  as  to  remove,  among 'others,  a  large 
piece  of  wood  in  the  ship's  hold ;  upon  which  the  water  rushed  in 
with  such  impetuosity,  that  the  afiVighted  workmen  hurried  breath- 
less upon  deck,  unable  to  give  an  account  of  the  danger.  At 
length  they  cried,  in  a  lamer  ible  ^oioe:  '  We  are  lost!  We  are 
lost!'  Unon  this  the  captain,  >  star,  and  pilot,  not  doubting  of  the 
BMgnhaae  of  the  danger,  and  determined  instantly  to  put  the  ship 
■bmit,  ordered  a  great  quantity  of  Braiil  wood  and  other  articles 
to  bo  thrown  overboard,  and  concluding  to  abandon  the  vessel, 
Umjt  fnt  provided  for  their  own  saftty.  TIm  pilot  foaring  lest 
tiM  boat  should  b«  overloaded  hj  Ike  aunbiMrt  who  demanded  a 


mmitik 


**!««! 


vAiim  oir  MAUD  tat  li  xao^vbi. 


tor 


razil  to  France, 
nary  famine  on 

circumstances, 
eted  her  cargo 

&c.  at  Brazil, 
8.  The  whple 
)  men,  exclu- 
ight  (lays,  when 
1  hve  of  the  pas- 
captain,  in  pre- 

rative  of  the  re- 
seven  weeks,  we 
As  our  provisions 
way  for  Cape  St. 
ve  should  be  able 
sed  that  we  should 
ad  brought  away 

een  the  mate  and 
went  so  far  as  to 
ch,  the  pilot  being 
:  all  the  sails  set, 
luch  force  that  she  • 
tops  of  the  masts 
len-coops,  and  all 
!pt  overboard,  and 
rigging,  however, 
•y  degrees.  The 
luce  a  reconcilia- 
t  it  was  past,  they 
it  savage  ferocity, 
>de  to  pacify  them, 
iries  of  calamities, 
penter,  and  other 
Bre  laboring  at  the 
>ng 'others,  alar{|e 
lie  water  rushed  in 
len  hurried  breath- 
f  the  danger.  At 
)  are  lost!  We  are 
lot  doubting  of  the 
itly  to  nut  the  ship 
and  other  artiolea 
landon  the  veaMl, 
I  pilot  fbaring  lest 
1  who  denMuided  • 


place  in  her,  took  hia  itation,  with  a  eutliM  in  his  hand,  and  d** 
elared  he  would  despatch  the  first  who  should  endeavor  to  eutw. 
Seeing  ourselves  thus  left  to  the  mercy  of  the  sea,  we  who  re- 
HHuned  fell  to  work  with  all  our  stren(|th,  to  pump  out  the  water, 
and  if  possible  to  keep  the  ship  from  sinking.  We  had  the  sati** 
Action  to  find  that  the  water  oid  not  gain  upon  us. 

"  But  the  most  happy  consequence  of  our  resolution  was,  that 
H  caused  us  to  hear  the  voice  of  our  carpenter,  who,  though  small 
in  stature,  was  a  young  man  of  great  spirit,  and  had  not,  like  the 
others,  quitted  the  ship's  hold.  On  tne  contrary,  taking  off  his 
jacket  ho  spread  it  over  the  largest  leak,  and  stood  upon  it  with 
both  feet  to  prevent  the  entrance  of  the  water,  the  violence  of 
which,  as  he  afterwards  informed  us,  lifted  him  up  several  times. 
In  this  situation  he  shouted  with  all  his  might,  desiring  us  to  bring 
him  clothes,  cotton,  and  other  things,  to  stop  the  leak,  till  he 
should  be  able  to  do  it  more  efliBotuuly.  I  n^ed  not  say  that  this 
demand  was  instantly  complied  with,  and  thus  we  were  preserved 
from  this  dan|[er. 

"  We  continued  steering,  sometimes  to  the  east  and  sometimea 
to  the  west,  which  was  not  our  way;  for  our  pilot,  who  did  not 

Cerfectly  understand  his  business,  was  no  longer  able  to  observe 
is  route.  In  this  uncertainty  we  proceeded  till  we  came  to  the 
tropic  of  Cancer,  where  we  sailed  a  fortnight  on  a  sea  covered 
with  grass  and  marine  plants.  These  were  so  thick  and  doM 
that  we  were  obliged  to  open  a  passage  throu||h  them  for  the  ship. 
Here  we  were  near  perishing  by  another  accident.  Our  gunner 
being  employed  in  drying  some  powder  in  an  iron  pot,  left  it  to 
long  upon  the  fire  that  the  powder  exploded,  and  the  fire  spread 
iM>  rapidly  from  one  end  of  the  ship  to  the  other  that  the  sdUc  aftd 
rigging  were  instantly  in  flames. 

"  Tney  had  nearly  communicated  to  the  wood,  which  beinf 
covered  with  pitch,  would  soon  have  taken  fire,imfl  have  bumei 
us  alive  in  the  midst  of  the  ocean.  Four  men  were  much  imured 
by  the  fire,  and  one  of  them  died  a  few  days  afterwards.  I  Mould 
have  experienced  the  same  fate  had  I  not  covered  my  ihee  with 
mv  hat,  which  defended  me  from  its  efllbcts;  so  that  I  eaeaped 
irith  only  the  tips  of  my  ears  and  mv  hair  scorched." 

This  misfortune  Leiy  reckons  only  among  those  which  he  oeB* 
the  prelude. 

"It  was  now,  (he  continues)  the  fifteenth  of  April,  and  we  htd 
still  a  rota  of  five  nundred  leagues  before  us.  Our  provisions  Mt 
so  short,  that  notwithstanding  the  retrenchment  we  had  already 
made,  it  was  resolved  that  we  should  be  confined  to  only  half  of 
this  reduced  allowance.  This  measure,  however,  did  not  preveat 
our  provisions  from  being  exhausted  by  the  end  of  the  month. 
Our  misfortune  was  occasioned  by  the  ignorance  of  the  pilot,  who 
imagined  that  we  were  near  Cape  Finisterre,  in  Spain,  while  ire 
were  in  the  latitude  of  the  Aaores,  at  least  three.hmdred  leifMe 


108 


FAMIin  0J»  BOAIO  TBI  U  JAO«CBS. 


distant  from  it.  Tnis  cruel  error,  suddenly  reduced  us  to  the  last 
resource,  which  was,  to  sweep  the  storeroom  where  the  biscuit 
was  kept.  I'hese  sweepings  were  distributed  by  spoonfuls,  and 
made  a  soup  as  black  and  more  bitter  than  soot  Those  who  bad 
any  parrots  left  ^for  most  had  eaten  their's  long  before  this  time,) 
resorted  to  this  kind  of  food,  at  the  beginning  of  May,  when  the 
ordinary  provisions  failed.  Two  seamen,  mio  died  of  hunger, 
were  thrown  overboard ;  and  to  prove  the  miserable  state  to  wnieh 
we  were  reduced,  one  of  our  sailors,  called  Nar|(ue,  standing 
reclined  against  the  main-mast,  after  swallowing  their  eyes,  which 
he  could  not  digest,  I  reproached  him  for  not  assisting  the  others 
to  set  the  sails;  the  poor  man,  in  a  low  and  lamentable  voice,  re- 
plied: '  alas,  I  cannot,*  and  instantly  dropped  down  dead. 

"  The  liorrors  of  this  situation  were  augmented  by  the  rough- 
ness  of  the  sea,  so  that,  either  from  want  of  skill,  or  strength  to 
manage  the  sails,  they  were  obliged  to  reef  the  sails,  and  even  to 
lash  the  rudder  fast.  Thus  the  vessel  was  left  to  the  mercy  of 
the  wind  and  waves.  The  unfavorable  weather  likewise  deprived 
them  of  the  only  hope  they  had  left,  that  of  taking  some  fish. 

"  Thus  (continues  Lery,)  all  on  board  were  reduced  to  the 
lowest  degree  of  weakness  and  debility.  Necessity  obliged  us  to 
consider  and  contrive  in  what  manner  to  appease  our  hunger. 
Some  cut  in  pieces  the  skins  of  an  animal  called  Tapirou$  sou, 
and  boiled  them  in  water,  but  this  method  was  not  approved  o£ 
Others  laid  them  on  the  coals,  and  when  they  were  a  little  broil- 
ed, scraped  them  with  a  knife  and  eat  them:  this  expedient  pror- 
ed  BO  successful  that  we  imagined  it  to  be  bfoiled  sward  of  bacon. 
After  this  experiment,  those  who  had  any  of  these  skins,  preserved 
them  with  the  greatest  care;  and  being  as  hard  as  dried  ox-hide, 
they  required  to  be  cut  with  hatchets,  and  other  iron  instruments. 
Some  even  eat  their  leather  stocks,  and  their  shoes.  The  cabin* 
boys,  pressed  with  hunger,  devoured  all  the  horn  of  the  lanterns, 
and  as  many  candles  as  they  could  get  at.  But  notwithstanding 
our  feebleness  and  hunger,  we  were  obliged,  for  fear  of  founder- 
iug,  to  stick  to  the  pumps  uight  and  day. 

"  About  the  twelfth  of  May  our  gunner,  whom  I  bad  seen  ea^* 
ing  the  intestines  of  a  parrot  quite  raw,  died  of  hunger.  We  wena 
not  much  affected  by  this  circumstance,  for  wa  ware  so  fhr  from 
,  thinking  of  defending  ourselves,  if  we  were  attacked,  that  wa 
rather  wished  to  be  taken  by  some  pirate  who  would  have  given 
VIM  somethiuff  to  eat.  But  we  saw,  on  our  return,  only  a  nngia 
vessel,  which  it  was  impossible  for  us  to  approach. 

"  After  devouring  all  the  leather  on  boa^d,  even  to  the  eoTaringa 
of  the  boxes,  we  imagined  that  our  last  moments  were  at  hand. 
Necessity,  however,  inspired  some  one  with  the  idea  of  oatohing 
the  rats  and  mice,  and  we  hoped  to  ba  abla  to  take  them  the  mora 
aasily  as  they  no  longer  had  any  orumba  to  aubsisi  on,  and  nui 
about  the  ship  in  great  numben,  dying  with  k«Bgar.    Thaj  war* 


•|i<iHlW)i"ii"THStiiiiiiiirln      111 -1111  '  iniimiiiiirili"iii  >i'  '• ';  ".ntf "  '''  "' ' 


i.'if^.!'i"jsc-".*'f.^'r..;?:v 


f  AMUfB  Oir  MAKD  TBB  LI  JAO^VU. 


US  to  the  ImI 
ire  the  biicuit 
Ispoonfub,  and 
hose  who  had 
'ore  this  time,) 
~ay,  when  the 
ed  of  hunger, 
state  to  which 
r^ae,  standing 
Bir  eyes,  which 
ting  the  others 
table  voice,  re- 
a  dead. 

by  the  rough- 
er strength  to 
Is,  and  even  to 
}  the  mercy  of 
(ewise  deprived 
some  fish, 
reduced  to  the 
ty  obliged  us  to 
se  our  hunger. 
Tapiroui  sou, 
lot  approved  of. 
are  a  little  broil- 
expedient  prov- 
sward  of  bacon, 
skins,  preserved 
ts  dried  ox-hide, 
ron  instruments. 
es.  The  cabin- 
of  the  lanterns, 
notwithstanding 
fear  of  founder- 

1 1  bad  seen  est- 
Bger.  We  wen* 
vere  so  flir  from 
taeked,  that  we 
Mild  have  given 
n,  only  a  single 
I. 

to  the  coverings 
s  were  at  hand, 
idea  of  catching 
tf  them  the  more 
list  on,  and  nun 
[•r.    They  wen 


fmrsued  with  such  assiduity,  and  so  mxcw  kinds  of  snares  were 
aid  for  them,  that  very  few  were  left.  £ven  at  night  the  men 
watched  for  them  like  cats.  A  rat  was  of  greater  importance 
than  a  bullock  on  shore,  and  the  common  price  of  one  was  four 
crowns.  They  were  boiled  In  water,  with  all  their  Intestines, 
which  were  eaten  with  the  rest  of  the  body.  Neither  the  paws, 
nor  ai\y  of  the  bones  that  could  possibly  be  made  soft,  were  thrown 
away. 

"  Our  water  likewise  failed;  we  had  nothing  left  to  drink  but  a 
small  barrel  of  cider,  of  which  the  captain  and  officers  were  ex- 
tremely sparing.  Whenever  it  rainea,  cloths  were  spread,  with 
a  bullet  in  the  middle,  to  catch  the  water.  They  even  caught 
that  which  ran  off  through  the  drains  oT  the  ship,  though  mom 
muddy  than  the  water  in  the  kennels. 

"  We  were  at  last  reduced  to  such  extremity  that  we  had  noth- 
ing left  but  Brazil  wood;  which,  though  more  dry  thanr any  other, 
many,  however,  in  their  despair,  gnawed  between  their  teeth. 
Our  leader,  Corguitleray  Dupont,  one  day  holding  a  piece  in  his 
mtrath,  said  to  me  with  a  profound  sigh:  Alas!  my  niend  Lery! 
the  sum^offour  thousand  francs  is  owins  me  in  France,  to  which 
I  would  gladly  resign  my  claim  for  a  halfpenny  roll  and  .a  single 
glass  of  wine.  .A 

"  At' length  the  Almishty,  taking  compassion  on  so  many  mise- 
rable wretches,  extended  almost  motionless  upon  the  deck,  brought 
us  on  the  twenty-fourth  of  May,  1668,  within  sight  of  the  coast 
of  Bretagne.  We  had  been  deceived  so  often  by  the  pilot  that 
we  durst  scarcely  give  credit  to  the  fiist  cries  announcing  this 
happy  intelligence.  We  were,  however,  soon  convinced,  that 
we  were  Within  view  of  our  native  land.  After  returning  thanks 
to  heaven,  the  master  of  the  ship  publicly  declared,  'hat.  had  our 
situation  continued  but  another  day,  he  had  taken  the  resolution, 
not  to  draw  lots  as  has  sometimes  been  done  in  such  cases,  but, 
without  informing  any  person  of  his  design,  to  kill  one  bf  us  fbr 
the  rest  to  subsist  upon. 

"  We  found  that  we  were  very  near  Rochelle,  where  our  aea^ 
men  hid  wished  to  unload  the  ship  and  dispose  of  their  Brasil 
wood.  The  master,  after  comiiur  to  an  anchor  two  or  three 
leaffues  from  the  shore,  went  in  the  boat,  jaccompanisd  by  Dupont 
and  some  others  to  purchase  provisions  at  Hodieme,  from  wnioh 
we  were  not  far  distant.  Two  of  our  Companions  who  were  of . 
the  party^  no  sooner  set  their  feet  on  shore,  than,  impelled  by  the 
recollection  of  their  distresses  and  the  fear  of  being  again  invdv- 
•d  in  them,  they  betook  themselves  to  flight  without  waiting  for 
their  basgage,  at  the  same  time  protesting  they  would  never  re- 
turn to  we  snip.  The  others  iminediately  returned  with  all  kinds 
of  provirioos. recommending  to  their  fiimished  comrades  to  use 
•them  at  first  with  moderation. 

"  We  ware  now  sdieitous  only  to  repair  to  Roohelle,  when  a 

10 


** 


■mmmig» 


no 


.  '^  ltti.i«  h«il  ibfermed  ob  that  the  wBOl* 
Fr«ich  v-elj2-«y  ?JJ;j  ^S;  a^SS^of  o«r  feeble  .tJfc^ 
coart  was  infeated  by  P»'"?";  jJl---:i,ie  f6r  us  to  make  any  de* 
which  would  have  '~^f  «1  »VWlow  Si  "  eesel  ftom  whkk 
fence,  we  «P«»"«"'JyXe*e  K.  without  lo«ng  right  o 
::;':1  cZtt  SoTthe  twei.y.««th  in  the  port  of 

^'52;;^fthea~lor.onl«^«J^«or^^^^ 
rSi^rate  and  regular  counM.  of  diet. 


THE  LAW  OF  ABKEST. 

A  TAIB   FROM  f  ACTS. 

Once»ponati«ethere^i.ed^mmbur^^ 

SeoSy  reepected  in  apite  of  h»  g^^^  cafled  deW, 

of  hi.  property  y^'-^^^J^'hSbY  the^aptain  of  an  Engh-h 
WM  the  .um  of  f»J^  JJen  Jo  toS  contracted,  that  the  worthy 
,,»el.  Tbi.  d«bt  b«^  o««;  ~  iBvStment  of  hia  property.  He 
Meyer  began  to  wiah  fo' * f  ^iJ'^ortMnouth;  in  which  to^m 
•ecUn«ry  re«»Wed  to  ^J^J^^Ja  take  that  liberty  which  m 
SSrThrd  trSllSiitted  in  a  free  country.  v«:  that 

%^:?rti7psr-  bj^^  rn^n-t  JSi^oiij 

S:r.S:id  Srthe  -EiWa-Suage.    He  lo.  no  U«e  « 
eidling  on  Captain  Jonea.  ,       ^   ^^ed  to  ahow  him  to  the 

..  She  ia  the  »oyal  Sdly.   wp>»M«        ,'  ^^     e.  «r.  and  hell 
-.Mias  to-morrow:  but  here  9C»api.J«wo. 

lellyou  all  about  it."  w-ooked  at  the  door  of  a  red  brick 

lie  merchant  bowej.  and  l^n^tow  «^    ^^Q^^^ 

S,*.i.  Ofg..,  .""«*  «-»<"*-  '""""^  "  "^  '" 


lat  the  whoto 

Hr  feeble  etat* 

make  tMj  de* 

from  whieh 

ring  nght  of 

lin  the  port  of 

et  to  rach  an 
Dgera  uarrirtA, 
hj  adhariag  to 


certain  merchant 
lan:  charitable  to 
i  that  he  was  ex- 
Amons  that  oart 
and  caued  debts, 
in  of  an  English 
I,  that  the  worthy 
is  property.  He 
h,  in  which  town 
liberty  which,  in 
country,  viz:  Aat 

found  himself  at 
I,  but  not  wholly 
i  lost  no  time  in 

0  show  him  to  the 
e.'f 

lound  for  Calcutta 
use,  sir,  and  hell 

9or  of  a  red  brick 
tt.  Gregory  Jones 
t  skirts.    He  had 

1  appearance  was 
onesty  of  the  sea- 

rted  it  sMlog  his 


TH>  LAW  Ot  ABUST. 


Ill 


friend.  He  begged  for  a  little  fbrther  time.  The  merchant  lookei 
grare— 4hree  years  had  already  elapsed.  The  captain  demurred 
— 4he  merchant  pressed — the  captain  blustered — and  the  merchant 
growing  angry,  began  to  threaten.  Suddenly  Captain  Jones's 
manner  changed — ^he  seemed  to  recollect  himself,  and  begged 
pardon — said  ne  could  easily  procure  the  money,  desired  the  mer- 
chant to  go  back  to  his  inn,  and  promised  to  call  on  him  in  the 
course  of  the  day.  Mynheer  Meyer  went  home,  and  ordered  an 
excellent  dinner.  .Time  passed,  and  his  friend  came  not.  Meyer 
grew  impatient.  He  had  just  put  on  his  hat,  and  was  walking  out, 
when  the  waiter  threw  open  the  door  and  announced  two  gentle- 
men. 

"  Ah,  derd  comes  de  monish,"  thought  Mynheer  Meyer.  Hie 
sentleman  approached — the  taller  one  whiped  out  iriiat  seemed  to 
Meyer  a  receipt.     "  Ah,  ver  well — I  will  sign — ^ver  well." 

"  Signins,  sir,  is  useless — ^you  will  be  kind  enough  to  accom- 
pany us.  This  is  a  warrant  for  debt,  sir.  My  house  is  extremely 
comfortable— gentlemen  of  the  first  fashion  go  there— quite  mod- 
erate, too,  only  a  guinea  a«day — find  your  own  wine." 

"I  do— no — understand,  sare,"  said  the  merchant,  smilmg 
amiably.     "  I  am  ver  veil  off  here,  thank  you." 

"  Come,  come,"  said  the  ether  gentleman,  speaking  for  thi  first 
time,  "  no  parlavoo  Monsoo,  you  are  our  prisoner — this  is  a  war- 
rant for  the  sum  of  dE10,000,  due  to  Capt.  Gregory  Jones." 

The  merchant  stared — the  merchant  frowned— but  so  it  was. 
Captain  Gregory  Jones,  who  owed  Mynheer  Meyer  £  BOO,  had 
arrested  Mynheer  Meyer  for  £10,000;  for,  as  every  one  knows, 
any  man  may  arrest  us,  who  has  conscience  enough  to  swear  that 
we  owe  him  money.  Where  was  Mynheer  Meyer  in  a  strange 
town  to  procure  bail?    Mynheer  Meyer  went  to  prison. 

"  Du  be  a  strange  vay  of  paying  a  man  his  monish!"  said 
Mynheer  Meyer. 

In  order  to  while  away  the  time,  our  merchant,  who  was  won- 
derfully social,  scraped  an  acquaintance  with  some  of  his  fellow 
prisoners.  "  Vat  you  be  in  prison  for?"  said  he  to  a  stout,  res- 
pectable looking  man,  who  seemed  to  be  in  a  violent  passion— 
"for vat  crime ?^' 

"  I,  sir— crime!"  quoth  the  prisoner;  "  Sir,  I  was  going  to 
Liverpool  to  vote  at  the  election,  when  a  fKend  of  the  opiKMing 
candidate  had  me  arrested  for  JE3000;  before  I  can  get  bail  the 
election  will  be  over." 

"  Vat's  that  you  tell  me?  Arrest  you  to  prevent  your  giving 
an  honest  vote  ?    Is  that  justice  ?" 

"  Justice,  no  !"  cried  our  friend,  "  it's  the  Law  of  Arrest." 

"  And  vat  be  you  in  prishon  for?"  said  the  merchant  pityingly, 
to  a  thin,  cadaverous  looking  object,  who  ever  and  anon  applied  a 
bandkarohief  to  eyes  that  were  worn  with  weeping. 

"An  attorney  oflbred  a  friend  of  niine  to  discount  a  bill,  if  he 


-'-      ifii 


H^  THC  1.AW  or  ABSin. 

eould  obtain  a  few  names  to  endorse  it. "  I,  sir,  endonwd  it.  The 
bill  beeaipe  due— the  next  day  the  attomev  arrested  aU  whose 
names  were  on  the  bill,  eight  in  number.  The  law  allows  hmi  to 
charge  two  guineas  each— there  are  sixteen  guineas  for  the  lawyer 
—but  I,  sir,  alas!  my  family  will  starve  before  I  shall  be  released. 
Sir,  there  are  a  set  of  men  called  discounting  attomws,  who  liTe 
upon  the  profits  of  entrapping  and  arresting  us  poor  folks. 

«  Mine  (Jot !  but  is  dat  justice  ? " 

"  Alas!  no,  sir,  it  is  the  Law  of  Arrest." 

"  But,"  said  the  merchant  turning  round  to  a  lawyer,  wliom  tM 
Devil  had  deserted,  and  who  was  now  with  the  victims  of  his 
profession,  "  dey  tell  me  dat  in  Englant  a  man  be  called  mnoshent 
till  he  be  proved  guilty;  but  here  am  I,  who,  because  von  camon 
of  a  shailor,  who  owesh  me  five  hundred  pounts,  takes  an  oath 
that  I  owe  him  ten  thousand— here  am  I,  on  that  schoundrel  s 
smgle  oath,  clapped  up  in  a  prishon.^  Is  this  a  man  s  being  m- 
noshent  till  bo  is  proved  guilty,  sare?"  ... 

"  Sir,"  said  the  lawyer  primly,  "  you  are  thmking  of  criminal 
cases.  But  if  a  man  be  unfortunate  enough  to  get  into  debt  that 
is  quite  a  difibrent  thing— we  are  harder  to  poverty  than  we  are  to 

crime."  .      .     „, 

"But,  mine  Got!  is  that  justice?  '       ,,  ,.    ' 

"Justice!  pooh!  it's  the  Law  of  Arrest,"  said  the  Sawyer, 

taming  on  his  heel.  ^v   j  v* 

Our  merchant  was  liberated:  no  one  appearedio  prove  tte  debt. 
He  flew  to  a  magistrate— he  told  his  case— he  implored  justice 

asainst  Capt.  Jones.  . .  «.  ..  «    i.  n 

"Capt.  Jones,"  said  the  magistrate  taking  snuff;      Capt  Greg* 

ory  Jones,  you  mean!" 

"Ay,  minegoot  sare— yesh!"  .   ..     « 

"  He  set  sail  for  Calcutta  yesterday..  He  commands  the  Rmr- 
al  8ally .  He  must  evidentlv  have  sworn  this  debt  agamst  you  for 
the  purpose  of  getting  rid  of  your  claim,  andsUencing  your  month 
tfll  you  could  catch  him  no  longer.  He's  a  clever  fcUow  this 
Gregory  Jones!"  ,  .    -     . 

"^  teufel!  but,  sare,  ish  dare  no  remedy  for  de  poor  raer- 

•hant?" 

"  Remedy!  oh  yes— indictment  for  peijury."  ... 

"  But  vat  use  is  dat  ?  You  say  he  be  goii»— ten  thooMiid  oulM 
off— to  Calcutta!"  ^,  „ 

..."  That's  certainly  against  your'indiotment. 

"  And  cannot  I  get  my  monish?" 

"  Not  as  I  see. ''^ 

*<  An  I  have  been  arreshted  iitttead  M  hin! 

"You have."  .   ^     .  ^.     ».. 

"  Sore,  I  have  only  von  vord  to  say— a  dat  justice  f 

"That  I  can't  say,  Mynheer  Meyer— but  it  is  oeftamlr  tta 

Lmt  of  Arrest,"  answered  the  magistrate— and  he  bow»d  tM 

BMre^ant  out  of  the  room. 


iibiuyiMiiillillul.l^^MiMM 


"iT  ■'\ 


\ 


\ 


ndoraed  it.  The 
rested  all  whoM 
aw  allows  him  to 
9as  for  the  lawyer 
ihall  be  released, 
tom^rs,  who  ItTe 
Mr  folks." 


[awyer,  whom  the 
le  victims  of  his 
)  called  innoshent 
sause  Ton  carrion 
ts,  takes  an  oath 
that  BchoundrePs 
L  man's  being  in- 

aking  of  criminal 
get  into  debt  that 
rty  than  we  are  to 


add  the  tewyer, 

io  prove  the  debt. 
)  implored  justice 

iff;  ••  Capt  Greg- 


immands  the  R^" 
)bt  against  you  ror 
neing  your  month 
clever  fellow  this 

for  de  poor  mer- 
tenthoaMndmilee 


eAmiK  ooos. 


A  lEA  BONO. 

A  wet  iheet  and  a  flowing  tm^ 

A  wind  tlut  followa  fiuA 
And  fill*  tlie  wliite  and  nuUinc  ■■Ui» 

And  bends  tiie  gallant  maat! 
And  benda  the  gallant  maat,  my  boys. 

While  lilie  the  eagle  free, 
Away  the  good  ship  fliea,  and  Msvas 

Cdtombiaon  the  lea. 

O  ibr  a  aoft  and  gentle  wind  t 

I  heard  a  ftir  one  cry: 
Bat  give  to  me  theawellingtoaMS, 

And  white  wavw  heaving  Uj^; 
And  white  wavea  heaving  high,  my  isas, 

The  good  ahip  tight  aid  free ; 
The  world  of  waters  ia  oar  home, 

And  merry  men  are  we. 

There  '•  terapeat  in  yon  homed  moon, 

And  lij^tning  in  yon  oload ; 
And  hark,  the  'muaio,  marinera  I 

The  wind  ia  wakening  load;   - 
The  wind  is  wakening  loud,  my  boys, 

The  lightning flaahea  free; 
The  hollow  oak  onr  palaoe  is, 

Qnr  heritage  the  sea. 


lustice?" 

it  is  oeftably  the 

ind  he  bowed  the 


CAPTAIN  COOK. 

Mr  Banks,  a  gentieman  of  considerable  fortune  in  Littcolnehtte,. 
England,  was  induced  to  undertake  thia  voyage  »»» /""-^ii 
anf  an  invincible  desire  of  attaming  knowledge.  He  eWf 
his  friend  Dr.  Solander,  a  Swede,  to  accompany  Bim  in  this  voyage^ 
Mr.  Banks  also  took  with  him  two  draftsn-en,  and  had  bewdj^ 
a  secretary  and  four  servants.     Lieutonant  James  Cook  was  to 

outh:  the  islands  of  Tuerto  Santo  and  Madeira  were  di^overed 
Z  the  12th  of  September,  and  the  nejrt  day  *»»•?  «»«ij'«»  " 
Fonchial  Road,  f  he  Endeavour  sailed  thence  on  the  19th.  On 
the  22d,  they  saw  the  Islands  of  Salvages,  northward  of  the  Ca- 
narieT  The  23d  saw  the  Peak  of  Teneriffe,  bearing  west  ^ 
S.  This  mountain  is  near  16,400  feet  hij[h  On  the  «g 
pweeived  Bona  Vista,  one  of  the  Cape  de  verd  Islands. Jto 
SmIMi  of  November  made  saU  for  the  harbor  of  Rio  de  Janeiro 

10» 


OilTAIR  COOK. 


Capiun  Cook  went  on  ihore  on  the  14th,  and  obttiped  letTO  to 

Sorchase  provuioM,  and  baring  requeated  that  the  gentlemen  on 
oard  mi^bt  remain  on  shore  whilst  they  sojourned,  and  that  Mr. 
Banks  might  go  up  the  country  to  collect  plants,  these  requests 
were. peremptorily  refused. 

December  the  Mi,  ka*^  proenred  aU  necessary  supplies, 
they  left  Rio  do  Janeiro.  On  the  the  14tii  of  January  entered 
the  Strait  of  Le  Maire;  but  the  tide  being  against  them,  were 
drireq  out  with  great  violence;  at  length,  however,  they  got  an- 
chorage at  the  entrance  of  a  little  cove,  mtaeh  Captam  Cook  called 
St.  Vmcent's  Bav. 

Mr.  Banks  ana  Dr.  Solander  aet  ont  Iroin  the  ahip  on  the  16th, 
with  the  design  of  .geiag  into  the  country,  and  returning  in  the 
evening.  Having  entered  a  wood,  tiiey  aaceaded  the  bill  through 
a  pathless  wilderness  till  the  afternoon.  The  morning  bad  been 
very  fine,  but  the  weather  now  became  cold  and  disagreeable ;  the 
blasts  of  wind  were  very  piercing,  and  a  diower  of  snow  fell. 
Mr.  Bttchan,  one  of  the  waugbtsmen,  fell  into  a  fit.  It  was  abso- 
lutely necessary  to  stop  and  kinAe  a  fire,  and  such  as  were  most 
fatigued  remained  to  assist  him;  but  Messrs.  Banks,  Solander, 
Green  alid  Monkhouse,  |»oceeded  and  attained  the  spot  they  had 
in  view.  Upon  returning,  they  found  Mr.  Buchan  much  recov- 
ered. They  had  previously  sent  Mr.  Monkhouse  and  Mr.  Green 
back  to  him  and  the  others,  in  order  to  bring  them  to  a  hill,  which 
was  conjectured  to  lie  in  a  better  track  for  returning  to  the  wood. 
The  whole  party  met  there  at  eight  in  the  evening.  Dr.  Solander 
having  often  passed  mountains  in  cold  countries,  was  sensible  that 
extreme  cold,  when  joined  with  fatigue,  occasions  a  drowsiness, 
that  is  not  eaisily  resisted;  he  accordingly  entreated  his  friends  to 
keep  in  motion,  however  disagreeaUe  it  might  be  to  them;  his 
words  were,  ' '  Whoever  sits  down,  wi|l  sleep ;  and  whoever  sleeps, 
will  wake  no  more."  Eveyy  one  seemed  accordingly  armed  with 
reaolntion;  but  on  a  sodden  the  cold  became  so  very  intense,  as 
to  threaten  the  most  direfid  effects.  It  was  very  remarkable  that. 
Dr.  Solander  himself,  who  had  so  forcibly  adnlionisbed  his  party, 
abonld  be  the  first  who  insisted  upon  being  suffbred  to  repose. 
In  spite  of  the  moat  earnest  entreaties,  he  lay  down  amidrt  tiie 
snow,  and  it  was  with  great  ditBouHy  they  kept  him  awake.  When 
a  blaok  servant  waa-imbrmed,  that  if  he  remained  there  he  would 
be  firoiijen  to  death;  he  replied,  that  he  waa  so  exhausted  with 
fatigue,  that  death  would  be  a  relief  to  him.  Dcctor  Solander 
said  he  was  not  !mwillinff  to  go,  but  that  be  must  fxst  take  some 
deep,  notwithstanding  what  he  had  before  declared  to  the  com- 
pany. Thus  resolved,  they  both  sat  down,  supported  oy  bushes, 
and  in  a  short  time  feB  fhst  adeep.  Intelligence  now  came  firom 
4m  advanced  party,  that  a  fire  was  kindled  about  a  quarter  of  a 
nile  fiuther  oa  the  way.  Mr.  Banks  theb  waked  the  doctor,  who 
bad  almost  loot  the  noe  of  his  limbt  ahratdy,  Oiough  it  waa  bat  t 


OAtTAIir  OMK. 


118 


(btu|i«d  leftTe  to 
lie  gentlemen  on 
and  that  Mr. 
I,  these  reqaeets 

beeeary  supplies, 
J  January  entered 
ainst  them,  were 
ver,  they  got  an- 
iptain  Cook  called 

ship  on  the  16th, 

returning  in  the 

ed  the  hill  through 

morning  had  been 

disagreeable;  the 

»wer  of  snow  fell. 

a  fit.     It  was  abso- 

such  as  were  most 

Banks,  Solander, 

1  the  spot  they  had 

icban  much  recov- 

luse  and  Mr.  Green 

lem  to  a  hill,  which 

timing  to  the  wood. 

ing.    The.  Solander 

s,  was  sensible  that 

lions  a  drowsiness, 

rested  his  friends  to 

;ht  be  to  them;  his 

land  whoever  sleeps, 

»rdingly  armed  with 

so  very  intense,  as 

ery  remarkable  Chit, 

ittonished  his  party, 

snflbred  to  renoM. 

ly  down  amidst  this 

him  awake.    When 

ined  there  he  would 

I  so  exhausted  with 

I.    Dcctor  Solander 

must  f  ««t  take  some 

leclared  to  the  com- 

upported  by  bushes, 

ince  now  came  from 

about  a  quarter  of  a 

iked  Uie  doctor,  who 

though  it  wa*  hut  t 


(bw  mbutoi  smce  he  sat  down.  Every  measure  takAi  to  r«li«?« 
the  black  proved  ineffectual;  he  remained  motioidess,  and  thej 
were  obliged  to  leave  him  to  the  care  of  the  other  black  serranl 
and  a  sailor,  who  appeared  to  have  beeu  the  least  hurt  by  the  cold. 
Mr.  Banks  and  four  others  went  forth  at  twelve  o'clocK  and  met 
the  sailor,  with  just  strength  enough  to  waUc;  he  was  immediately 
'sent  to  the  fire,  and  they  proceeded  to  seek  for  the  two  others. 
They  found  Hichmond,  one  black  servant,  upon  his  legs,  but  in- 
capable of  moving  them;  the  other  black  was  lyiiy  senseless  upon 
the  ground.  All  endeavors  to  bring  them  to  the  fire  were  useleas, 
nor  was  it  possible  to  kindle  one  upon  Uie  spot,  on  account  of  the 
snow  that  had  fiillen,  and  was  stiu  falling,  so  that  there  was  no 
alternative,  but  to  leave  the  two  unfortunate  negroes  to  their  fhte, 
making  them  a  bed  of  boughs  of  trees,  and  coverfaig  them  very 
thick  with  the  same.  On  the  17th  in  the  morning,  at  day-4>reak, 
nothing  presented  itself  but  snow.  However,  about  six  in  -the 
morning  they  were  flattered  with  a  dawn  of  hope  of  being  deliv- 
ered, by  discoveriag  the  sun  through  the  clouds,  which  gradually 
diminished.  Previous  to  setting  out,  messengers  were  despatched 
to  the  unhappy  negroes,  who  returned  with  the  melancholv  news 
of  their  death.  In  about  three  hours,  to  their  great  SstisnctioB, 
found  themselves  upon  the  shore,  much  nearer  to  the  ship  than 
their  most  sanguine  expectation  could  have  flattered  them. 

January  the  26th,  Captain  Cook  sailed  from  Cape  Rom.  The 
farthest  southern  latitude  he  made  was  60  dee.  10  mln.  by  74  deg. 
iK)  min.  west.  April  the  4th,  a  servant  to  Mr.  Banks  discorered 
land.  Captain  Cook  came  within  a  mile  on  the'  north-«lde,.bat 
found  no  bottom  nor  anchorage.  There  appeared  along  the  bMch 
some  of  the  inhabitants,  withpikes  or  pons  ia  thafar  hands,  twic* 
the  height  of  themselves.  This  Island  was  in  latitude  18  deg. 
south,  longitude  139  dee.  38  .min.  west,  and  Wasnamed  Lagoon 
Island.  They  saw  another  island  in  the  aftemoon,  which  WW 
named  Thrumb  Cap.  The  5th,  continued  their  course,  and  dla* 
covered  Bow  Island. 

From  the  6th  to  the  10th,  they  passed  several  islands,  and  on 
the  13th,  entered  Port  Royal  Harbour,  Otaheite,  anchoring 
within  half  a  mile  of  the  shore.  When  the  ship  was  properly  se- 
cured, the  captain  went  on  shore  with  Mr.  Banks,  Dr.  Solander, 
a  party  under  arms,  and  an  old  Indian.  They  were  received  by 
tome  hundreds  of  the  natives,  who  were  struck  with  such  awe, 
that  the  first  who  approached  crept  almost  upon  his  hands  ana 
knees.  He  presented  them  branches  of  trees,  the  usual  symptom 
of  peace. 

On  the  15th,  the  captain,  attended  by  Mr.  Banks  and  others, 

^  went  oa  shore  to  fix  on  a  p«^per  spot  to  erect  a  small  fort  for  their 

defence.    Before  this  party  had  gone  moeh  fitrther,  they  wer« 

•lamed  by  thd  discharge  of  two  pieces,  fi^  bv  At  tent-guaid. 

0pon  their  return,  it  appeared  that  an  Iwlian  nad  takwi  An  op- 


f 


116 


■■«■ 


CArTAI5  COOK 


portonity  to  ■natch  away  one  of  the  sentinera  mnaketa;  whereupon 
a  young  midthipman,  ordered  the  marine*  to  fire,  which  they  aid, 
when  several  Indians  were  wounded,  but  as  the  criminal  did  not 
fall,  they  pursued  and  shot  him  dead. 

The  fort  began  to  be  erected  on  the  18th.  Mr.  Banks's  tent 
being  got  up,  he,  for  the  first  time,  slept  on  shore.  On  the  2^, 
Mr.  Banks  end  Dr.  Solander  made  an  excursion  into  the  country 
On  the  2dth,  Mr.  Molineux,  master  of  the  Endeavour,  seeing  a 
woman,  whose  name  was  Oberea,  he  declared  she  was  the  person 
he  judged  to  be  the  queen  of  the  island,  when  he  came  there  in' 
the  Dolphin.  She  was  soon  conducted  to  the  ship,  and  went  en 
board,  accompanied  by  some  of  her  family.  Many  presents  weif 
made  her,  particularly  a  child's  doll,  wluch  seemed  the  most  to 
engross  her  attention.  On  the  dth,  Mr.  Banks  and  Dr.  Solander 
let  out  in  the  pinnace  and  soon  reached  Eparre.  Some  Indiana 
firom  a  neighboring  island,  to  which  Captain  Wallis  gave  the 
name  of  Duke  of  York's  Island,  informed  them  of  more  than  twen- 
ty islands  in  the  neighborhood  of  Otaheite. 

They  now  began  to  make  the  necessary  preparations  for  the 
transit  of  Venus,  and  on  the  first  of  June',  the  next  Saturday, 
being  the  day  of  the  transit,  they  sent  the  long-boat  to  Ermayo, 
having  on  board  Mr.  Gore,  Mr.  Monkhouse,  and  Mr.  Sporing,  a 
frienoof  Mr.  Banks;  each  furnished  with  necessary  instruments 
Tliey  were  visited  on  the  21st  at  the  fort  by  many  of  the  natives, 
and  among  the  rest  Oamo,  a  chief  of  several  districts  on  the 
island,  who  was  yery  inquisitive  with  respect  to  the  English,  and 
by  his  questions  appeared  a  man  of  understanding  and  penetration. 
June  26th,  the  Captain  set  out  in  the  pinnace,  accompanied  by  Mr. 
Banks,  to  circumnavigate  the  islano.  July  1st,  returned  to  the 
fort  at  Port  Royal  Harbour;  having  discovered  the  island,  both 
peninsulas  included,  to  be  about  one  hundred  miles  in  circumfer- 
ence. They  now  bef^an  to  make  preparations  for  their  departure. 
On  the  10th,  two  mannes  being  missing,  an  inquiry  was  maide  after 
tiiem,  when  the  Indians  declared  they  did  not  propose  returning, 
having  each  taken  a  wife.  Mr.  Hicks  was  immediately  despatched 
in  the  long-boat,  with  several  men,  for  them,  and  this  party  re- 
covered the  men  without  opposition. 

July  the  ISth,  after  leaving  the  island  of  Otaheite,  they  sailed 
with  a  gentle  breeze,  and,  on  the  16th,  discovered  Huaheine. 
lliey  found  the  people  here  nearly  similar  to  those  of  Otaheite  in 
almost  every  circumstance.  This  island  is  situated  in  the  latitude 
of  16  deg.  43  min.  south,  longitude  160  deg.  62  min.  we.?t,  distant 
from  Otaheite.  about  thirty  leagues,  and  is  about  twenty  miles  in 
circumference.  From  Huaheme  they  sailed  to  Ulieta.  Captain 
Cook  took  possession  of  this  and  the  adjacent  islands  in  the  name 
of  the  king  of  Great  Britain.  On  the  26th  they  were  within  a 
leuue  or  two  of  Otaha.  On  the  29th  made  sail  to  the  northwttrd, 
and  at  eight  o'clock  next  morning  were  oloie  under  the  high 


■"If! 


CArTAIN  eooK. 


in 


ikets;  whereapon 
,  which  thej  aid, 
I  criminal  did  not 

Sit.  Banks'e  tent 
e.    On  the  3^, 

into  the  country 
leavour,  aeeing  •  , 
le  was  the  person 
lie  came  there  ili 
ihip,  and  went  on 
iny  presents  weif 
smed  the  most  to 
and  Dr.  Solander 
i.    Some  Indiana 

Wallit  gave  th6 
if  more  than  tven- 

eparations  for  the 
e  next  Saturday, 
-boat  to  Ermayo, 
id  Mr.  Sporing,  a 
wary  instruments 
ny  of  the  natives, 
d  districts  on  the 
I  the  English,  and 
ig  and  penetration, 
companied  by  Mr. 
t,  returned  to  the 
)d  the  island,  both 
oiles  in  cireumfer- 
>r  their  departure, 
iry  was  maide  after 
propose  returning, 
diately  despatched 
and  this  party  re- 

aheite,  they  sailed 
avered  Huaheine. 
lose  of  Otaheite  in 
sted  in  the  latitude 
',  min.  we?t,  distant 
ut  twenty  miles  in 
>  Ulieta.  Captain 
stands  in  the  name 
hey  were  within  a 
1  to  the  northward,. 
M  under  the  high 


I 


«'HWy  P«»^  of  Bolabola;  but,  after  siving  the  seneral  name  of 
the  Society  Islands  to  the  Island  of  Huaheine,  UTietea,  Bolabola. 
Otaha,  and  Maurus  which  lie  between  the  latitude  of  16  deg. 
10  min.  and  Ifi  deg.  56  min.  south,  they  pursued  their  course. 

The  Endeavour  now  passed  a  small  island,  white  and  high,  and, 
as  It  appeared  quite  barren,  was  named  Bare  Island.     On  the 
17th  Captain  Cook  gave  the  name  of  Cape  Turn-Again  to  a 
head-land,  in  latitude  40  deg.  34  min,  south,  longitude  182  deg. 
56  min.  west.     Beforo  the  Endeavour  touched  at  New  Zealand, 
which  this  was,  it  was  not  certainly  known  whether  it  was  an 
island,  or  part  of  the  continent .     On  the  20th  anchored  in  a  bay, 
about  two  leagues  north  of  Gable  End  Foreland.     Sailing  to  the 
northward,  they  fell  in  with  a  small  island  named  East  Island. 
In  the  evening  of  the  30th,  Lieutenant  Hicks  discovered  a  bay, 
to  which  his  name  was  given.   On  the  18th,  the  Endeavour  steered 
between  the  main  and  an  island  which  seemed  very  fertile,  and  as 
extensive  as  Ulietea. 
The  26th,  Captain  Cook  continued  his  course  along  shore  to  the 
.  north.     On  the  29th,  having  weathered  Cape  Bret,  they  bore 
awar  to  leeward,  and  got  into  a  large  bay,  where  they  anchored 
on  the  south-west  side  of  several  islands.     On  the  6th  they  weigh- 
ed anchor.     The  Baiy  which  they  had  left  was  called  the  Bay  of 
Islands.     On  the  13th  of  March  discovered  a  bay,  which  Captain 
Cook  called  Dusky -bay ;  aud  it  is  remarkable  for  having  five  high, 
peaked  rocks,  lying  off  it,  which  look  like  the  thumb  and  four 
fingers  of  a  man's  hand;  whence  it  was  denominated  Point  Five 
Fingers.     It  was  now  resolved  to  return  by  the  East  Indies,  and 
with  that  view  to  steer  foi  the  east  coast  of  New  Holland,  and 
then  follow  the  direction  of  that  coast  to  the  northward.     They 
sailed  March  31st  and  taking  their  departure  from  an  eastern 
point,  called  it  Cape  Farewell.     The  bay  from  which  they  sailed 
was  named  Admiralty  Bay,  and  the  two  capes  thereof  Cape 
.  Stejwens  and  Cape  Jackson. 

_They  sailed  from  Cape  Farewell  on  the  3l8t  of  March,  1770. 
Uathe  19th,  they  discovered  land  four  or  five  leagues  distant. 
TTie  name  of  Botany  Bay  was  given  to  this  place,  from  the  large 
number  of  plants  collected  by  Messrs.  Banks  and  Solander.  They 
swled  hence  the  6th  of  May,  1770;  at  noon  were  off  a  harbor 
which  was  called  Port  Jackson.  Coasting  this  shore  till  the>  10th 
m^June,  an  accident  had  nearly  terminated  their  voyage  fatally. 
The  ship  struck  on  a  rock  in  the  night,  at  some  distance  from  the 
land,  and  made  so  much  water  as  to  threaten  to  sink  every  mo- 
ipMit,  which  was  only  prevented  by  great  exertions.  After  some 
little  examination,  they  found  a  small  harbor  to  look  at  the  ship's 
b^m,  and  there  found,  that  the  only  thing  which  prevented  her 
from  linking,  was  a  large  piece  of  a  rock,  broken  off  and  sticking 
m  the  largest  hole,  which  impeded  the  entrance  of  the  water. 
mre  they  procured  some  refresnmenta,  Itaded  the  sick  and  stores^ 


If 
li 


118 


GAXTAIM  OOOK. 


made  a  variety  of  eicumoM  by  land  and  water  to  the  neigboring 
Swes,  and.  for  the  firat  time,  saw  the  animal  now  known  ae  the 

tK  siled  hence  on  the  ISth  of  August.  1770,  and  got  through 
one  of  the  channels  in  the  reef;  happy  to  be  once  more  >n  an 
onen  eea  after  having  been  surrounded  by  dreadful  shoals  and 
Ss  for  neax  three  SJnths,  during  all  whfch  run  they  had  been 
•  obliged  to  keep  sounding  without  the  intermission  of  a  sing  e 
Ste;  a  circLstance  which,  it  in  supposed,  never  haPP«»«f  j« 
anv  sh b  but  the  Endeavour.  Previous  to  their  leaving.  Captain 
&7took  possession  of  all  the  eastern  coast  of  ^e  country,  from 
the  38th  degree  of  south  latitude  to  the  present  spot,  by  the  name 
of  New  South  Wales.  They  were  now  at  the  northern  extremi^ 
rfNewHoUand.  The  northeast  entrance  of  the  P"»»8«.»,«''.™* 
Td  by  the  mainland  of  New  Holland  and  by  a  number  of  islands. 
'     whici  took  the  name  ofthe  Prince  of  Wdes  8  Islands 

They  now  held  a  northward  course,  withm  sight  cf  land,  till  the 
Sd  of  September.     On  the  6th.  passed  two  small  »J»nf  s   on  the 
9tb,  they  saw  what  had  the  appearance  of  land,  and  the  ne« 
morning  were  convinced  it  was  Timor  Lnvet.^  On  the  16th,  they 
hi  sigtt  of  the  little  island  called  Rotte;   and  the  same  day  saw 
"he  isLd  of  Savu.  at  a  distance  to  the  southward  of  Timor.    The 
E^dea^ur  sailed  the  91stofSepteniber,  l^O'X'^J^f^if'rj:; 
westward     In  the  afternoon  of  this  day  a  little  flat  «sland  wa» 
rsSlered  in  10  deg.  47  min.  south  latitude,  and  238  de«.  28  mm. 
w^tfoiguSe.    T^ey  made  considerable  way  tUl  at  Wh.by 
the   assiftance  of  the  sea-breezes,  they  came  t"  "|chor  in  the 
road  of  Batavia.     The  town  of  Batavia  is  situated  in  6  deg.  10 
S  south  latitude,  and  106  dejjr.  50  mm.  •"»»<»»«'»«/••.    ^n  the 
27th  of  December,  1770,  the  Endeavour  left  the  'o*^  °J5«^'»' 
and  on  the  6th.  came  to  anchor  near  Prince*.  Island.  Mer  a  pas- 
sue  in  which  they  lost  twenty-three  more  officer,  and  men,  the 
S?p  waB  brought  to  anchor  off  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  on  tb. 
3  of  MarcE.  1771.    Quitting  the  Cfape,  they  came  to  anchor 
iffSie  isSnd  of  St.  Heleia.  on  the  Ist  of  May.  from  which  d^we 
Sey  Muled  on  the  4th,  and  arrived  in  the  Down.,  on  the  l«lh  of 
JTuae  following. 


i 


CAPTAIN  COOKS  SECOND  VOYAGE. 


Aieoondvovagebeing  rewlved  upon,  Captain  Cook  wa.  ap- 
p^tothaSSutio^andCapt«n%.a.ux^^A^«^ 
SHoutbe  im  of  July,  1772.  the  two  du|is  wuled  from  KT^wJ* 
SSaS  andToa  tha  avaniag  of  the  2»Ui,  aafiM^d  mFSiniOiwl 


iiiiiiiiiiiiii 


■nl 


flAITAlK  COQK. 


119 


9  the  neigboiing 
ow  known  u  Um 

,  and  got  through 
once  more  in  an 
adful  shoals  and 
un  Uiey  had  been 
sion  of  a  single 
ever  happened  to 
leaving,  Captain 
the  country,  from  • 
ipot,  by  the  name 
orthem  extremity 
I  passage  is  form* 
lumber  of  islands, 
slands. 
htcfland,  till  the 

lU  islands,  on  the 
nd,  and  the  next 
On  the  16th,  they 
the  same  day  saw 
•d  of  Timor.    The 
nd  bent  her  coursi 
ie  flat  island  waa 
1 238  deg.  38  min. 
f,  till  at  length,  by 
lu  anchor  in  the 
ated  in  6  deg.  10 
angitude.    On  the 
e  road  of  Batavia, 
land.  AAer  a  pas- 
sers and  men,  the 
k>od  Hope,  on  tiie 
ey  came  to  anchor 
,  from  which  nlaoa 
vm,  on  the  ISth  of 


OYAOE. 

tain  Cook  was  np^ 
E,totheJLdventiiN; 
iled  from  Plymouth 
Bkorad  iaFimoUHl 


Qa  che  9th  of  August  they  made  the  Island  of  Bonamta,  sod 
on  the  39th  of  October  the  land  of  the  Cape  of  CSood  Hope. 
The  1 0th  of  December,  saw  an  island  of  ice  to  the  westward, 
being  then  in  the  latitude  of  50  deg.  40  min.  south,  and  longitude 
2  dee.  east  of  the  Cape  of  Good  Iu>pe.  On  the  9th  of  February, 
found  that  the  Adventure  was  not  within  the  limits  of  their  hori- 
zon. At  ten  o'clock  of  the  S6th  of  March,  the  land  of  New 
Zealand  was  seen  from  the  mast-head.  On  Friday,  the  26th, 
came  to  anchor,  at  three  in  the  afternoon,  after  having  been  one 
hundred  and  seventeen  days  at  sea,  in  which  time  they  liad  sailed 
3660  leagues,  without  having  once  sight  of  land. 

On  the  11th  of  April,  weighed  with  a  light  breeze  at  south- 
east, and  stood  out  to  sea.  iuler  leavins  Dusky  Bay  they  direct- 
ed their  course  along  shore  for  Queen  Charlotte's  Sound,  where 
they  expected  to  find  the  Adventure.  On  the  18th,  they  iqtpear- 
ed  oft*  the  harbor,  and  discovered  their  consort  the  Adventure, 
by  the  signals  she  mad<i.  On  the  7th  of  June,  weighed  and  put 
to  sea.  With  the  Adventure  in  company,  and  on  the  1 1th  of  Au- 
gust, land  was  seen  to  the  south,  which  upon  a  nearer  approach 
was  found  to  be  an  island  of  about  two  leagues  in  extent.  It  lies 
in  the  latitude  of  17  deg.  24  min,  longitude  141  deg.  39  min.  west; 
and  was  called  Resolution  Island.  Steering  the  same  course, 
they  discovered  several  of  these  low  or  halfSrowned  islands,  or 
rather  a  large  coral  shoal  of  about  twenty  leagues  in  circuit, 
which  M.  de  Bourgainville  very  properly  caJIs  the  cluster  of  low 
oTerflowed  isles  the  Dangerous  Archipelago.  On  the  15th,  at 
five  o'clock  in  the  morning,  saw  Osniwurgh  Island,  or  Maitea, 
discovered  by  Captain  Wulis.  At  day-break  found  theinselvee 
not  more  than  half  a  league  firom  ^e  reef  of  Otaheite. 

Several  of  the  inhabitants  came  off  in  canoes,  most  of  whom 
knew  Captain  Cook  again,  and  many  inquired  for  Mr.  Banks  and 
others  who  were  there  before.  On  the  17th,  thev  anehored  in 
Ouiti-piha  Bay,  about  two  cable's  lenoth  from  the  anore.  On  the 
1st  or  September  the  ships  unmoored,  and  made  sale  foir  Ulieta. 
Arriving  off  the  harbor  of  Obamaneno,  at  the  close  of  the  day, 
they  spent  the  night  in  making  short  tacks.  Captain  Fumeauz 
agreed  to  receive  on  board  his  ship  a  young  man  named  Omai,  a 
native  of  Ulieta,  where  he  had  some  property,  of  which  he  had 
been  dispossessed  by  the  people  of  Bolabola.  After  leaving  Ulieta, 
they  steered  to  the  west,  inclining  to  the  south,  to  get  clear  of 
the  tracts  of  former  navigators,  and  to  get  into  the  latitude  of  the 
islands  of  Middhburgh  and  Amsterdam.  At  two  o'clock  p.  m. 
on  the  1st  of  October,  mado  Middleburgh,  bearing  west-south- 
waat;  and  then  made  sail  down  to  Amsterdam.  These  islands 
were  first  discovered  by  Captain  Tasman,  in  January,  164S*t4> 
•ad  by.  him  called  Amatardam  and  Middlehanh.  But  the  fiiroNr 
ItoattM by  the  aatiyet  Ton-Mrtarba,  and  the  latter  Ea-to-wa*. 
Middtohniili  or  £«rowa«,  wbish  is^  the  MMitlianuiioft,  i»  «lMMt 


i 

-I 
: :  I 

* .  i 


I 


mm 


ItO 


OAffTAIlt  COOK. 


ten  leagues  in  circuit,  and  of  a  beiffht  sufficient  to  be  seen  twehre 
leagues.  The  anchorage,  named  English  Road,  is  on  the  north- 
west si4e,  in  latitude  21  deg.  30  min.  30  sec.  south.  The  island 
is  shaped  something  like  an  isosceles  triangle,  the  longest  sides 
whereof  are  seven  leagues  each,  and  the  shorteft  four. 

On  the  8th  of  October,  made  the  Island  of  Pilstart.  This 
island,  which  was  also  discovered  by  Tasman,  is  situated  in  the 
latitude  of  22  deg.  26  min.  south,  longitude  176  deg.  69  min. 
west.  On  the  21st,  made  the  land  of  New  Zealand ;  at  noon  Table 
Cape  bore  west,  distant  eight  or  ten  leagues.  On  the  26th,  early 
in  the  morning,  they  weighed,  with  a  small  breeze,  out  of  the  cove. 
On  the  26th,  took  their  departure  from  Cape  Palliser,  and  steered 
to  the  south,  inclining  to  the  east,  having  a  favorable  gale  from 
the  north-west  and  south-west.  At  4  o'clock.  12th  of  Dec.  being  m 
the  latitude  of  62  deg.  10  min.  south,  longitude  172  deg.  west,  saw 
the  first  ice  Island,  11^  deg.  farther  south  than  the  first  ice  seen 
the  preceding  year,  after  leaving  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope. 

On  the  50th,  at  four  o'clock  in  the  morning,  perceived  the 
olouds,  over  the  horizon  to  the  south,  to  be  of  an  unusual  snow- 
white  brightness,  which  they  knew  announced  their  approach  to 
field-ice.  Being  at  this  time  in  the  latitude  of  71  deg.  10  mio. 
south,  longitude  106  deg.  64  min.  west,  they  steered  north  from 
this  time,  and  on  the  1 1th  of  March,  land  was  seen  from  the  npat- 
head,  bearing  west.  They  made  no  doubt  that  this  was  Davis's 
Land,  or  Easter  Island.  After  leaving  Easter  Island,  they  steei^ 
ed  north-west-by-north  and  north-north-west,  with  a  fine,  easterly 
gale,  intending  to  touch  at  the  Marquesas.  They  continued  to 
steer  to  the  west  till  the  6th  of  April,  at  four  in  the  afternoon,  at 
which  time,  being  in  the  latitude  o:  9  des.  20  min.  longitude  199 
deg.  14  min.  west,  they  discovered  an  Island,  bearing  west  by 
sooth,  distant  about  nine  leagues.  Two  hours  after  saw  another, 
bMring  sonth-west-by-Bouth,  which  appeared  more  extensive  than 
the  former.  By  this  time,  they  were  well  assured  that  these  wen 
the  Marquesas,  discovered  by  Mendana  in  1696. 

The  Marquesas  are  five  in  number,  viz.  La  Macdalena,  St. 
Pedro,  La  iJominica,  Santa  Christina,  and  Hood's  Island,  which 
is  the  northernmost,  situated  in  latitude  9  deg.  S6  min.  south,  and 
19  des.  west,  five  leagues  and  a  half  distant  from  the  east  point 
of  La  Dominica,  which  is  tUke  largest  of  aU  the  isles,  extending 
east  and  west  six  leagues. 

From  the  Marquesas,  Captain  Cook  once  more  steered  hie 
course  for  Otaheite;  and  reaohed  his  former  place,  of  anchorage, 
Matavai  Bay,on  the  twenty-second  of  April.  During  their  resi- 
<l«nee  here,  on  this  occasion,  the  Toyagers  were  entertained  with 
wioQs  exhibhions.  One  of  these  was  a  grand  naval  review. 
The  Tetsels  of  war  consisted  of  a  hundred  and  sixty  large  double 
euoee.  well  equipped,  manned  and  armed.  They  were  decorated 
wilhflifaMid  sttMmera;  and  th*  ohiefr,  tegftber  withaUtlMM 


liiMitiiMi 


to  be  aeentwahra 
1,  IB  on  the  nortbh 
outh.  The  iiland 
,  the  longest  aides 
ift  four. 

if  Pilstart.     Thie 
is  situated  in  the 
175  deg.  69  rain, 
ind;  at  noon  Table 
On  the  25th,  early 
Ee,  out  of  the  cove, 
illiser,  and  steered 
ivorable  gale  trom 
th  of  Dec.  being  in 
172  deg.  west,  saw 
n  the  first  ice  seen 
Sood  Hope, 
ng,  perceived  the 
*  an  unusual  snow- 
i  their  approach  to 
>f  71  deg.  lOmio. 
rteered  north  from 
een  from  the  npit- 
Bt  this  was  Davis's 
Island,  they  stecr- 
vith  a  fine,  easterly 
lliey  continued  to 
n  the  afternoon,  at 
min.  longitude  1S9 
I,  bearing  west  by 
i  after  saw  another, 
»ore  extensive  than 
ired  that  these  were 
96. 

La  Masdalena,  8t. 
Dod's  Island,  which 
36  min.  south,  and 
from  the  east  point 
the  isles,  extending 

B  more  steered  his 
place,  of  anchoraie, 
During  their  resi- 
ire  entertained  with 
rand  naval  review, 
i  sixty  large  doubl* 
hey  were  decorated 
«th«r  with  aU  tlMM 


OATTA^  OOOK. 


m 


who  were  on  the  fighting  stages,  were  dressed  in  their  war  habits. 
The  whole  fleet  maide  a  noble  appearance;  such  as  our  voyagers 
had  never  seen  before.  Besides  the  vessels  of  war,  there  were 
a  hundred  and  sei^aty  smaller  double  canoes,  which  sAemed  to 
be  designed  for  fi^ports  and  victuallers.  Upon  each  of  these 
was  a  small  houM;  and  they  were  each  rigged  with  a  mast  and 
■ail,  which  was  not  the  ease  with  the  war  canoes.  Captain  Cook 
conjectured  that  there  were  no  fewer  than  seven  thousand  seven 
hundred  and  sixty  men  in  the  whole  fleet.  He  was  not  able  to 
obtain  full  infodijition  concerning  the  design  of  this  armament. 

The  refreshments  that  were  obtained  at  Otaheite  during  this 
visit  were  of  sreat  importance  to  tfie  ship's  company,  for  nearly 
all  the  bread  they  had  left  was  decayed  and  scarcely  eatable;  ami 
even  of  this,  bad  as  it  was,  the  quantity  was  so  small  that  they 
were  reduced  to  a  very  scanty  allowance. 

After  leaving  Otaheite,  the  voyagers  proceeded  again  to 
>Huaheine.  During  Captain  Cook's  stay  at  Huaheine,  bread- 
,Vrnit,  cocoa-nuts,  and  other  vegetable  productions,  were  protilired 
lA  abundance,  but  not  a  sufficiency  of  hogs  to  supply  the  daily 
consumption  of  the  ship's  company.  At  (Jlieta,  to  which  the 
captain  next  directed  his  course,  the  inhabitants  expressed  the 
deepest  concern  at  his  departure,  and  anxiously  importuned  him 
tOBnirn 

After  passin^i  several  other  islands,  he  arrived,  on  thf  twentieth 
of  June,  at  an-island  which  appeared  to  have  a  numerous  popular 
tion.  The  captain,  with  the  other  gentlemen  went  ashore;  but 
the  natives  were  found  to  be  fierce  and  untractable.  All  en- 
deavors to  bring  them  to  a  parley  were  to  no  purpose.  They 
approached  %rith  the  ferocity  of  wild  busts,  and  instantly  threw 
their  dartk.  Two  or  three  muskets  disemarged  in  the  air  did  not 
prevent  one  of  them  from  advancing  still  further,  and  throwing 
another  dart,  which  passed  close  over  Captain  CJebk's  shoulder. 
The  courage  of  this  man  had  nearly  cost  him  Us  lifb.  VHien  he 
threw  his  dart,  he  was  not  five  paces  firom  the  captain,  who  had 
resolved  to  shoot  him  for  his  own  preservation.  It  happened, 
however,  that  his  musket  missed  fire;  a  ciroiMMitaMe  on  which 
he  afterwards  reflected  with  pleasure.  ^ 

This  island,  firom  the  disposition  and  behatH^tr  of  the  inhabi- 
tants, was  called  by  our  Commander  Savase  bland.  It  is  about 
eleven  leagues  in  circuit;  is  of  around  form  and  good  height; 
and  has  deep  waters  closi  io  its  shores.  Among  its  other  disad- 
vantages, it  IS  not  fiimished  with  a  harbor. 

In  pursuing  his  course  toward  the  west-south-west,  Captain 
Cook  passed  a  number  of  small  islands,  and,  on  the  twenty-sixth, 
anchored  on  the  north  side  of  Anamooka,  or  Rotterdam.  Here, 
■B  in  many  former  easel,  the  captain  was  put  to  some  trouble,  on 
•seouirt  of  the  thievish  disposition  of  the  people.  It  is  one  of  a 
MHMrovs  f roup  to  which  Oiftaia  Cook  gato  the  name  of  tho 

U 


■SI 


;■ 


•^^- 


^  ckrtkin  cooE 

WnuMj  Wm,  in  consequence  of  the  firm  alUance  and  frie»bliij| 
^h  Memed  to  eubsist  among  the  inhabitanta.  and  of  their  kmd 
and  hoMltable  babavior  to  atrangers. 

PumSL  theirwiirBe  weatwaS,  the  navigators,  on  the  sixteenth 
of  July,  dfscovered  land,  which  they  believed  to  be  the  fame  that 
M.  de  BoligainvUle.  the  French  navigator,  had  named  the  Great 
Cyclades.  After  having  explored  the  coast  of  this  uiland  for  so«« 
days,  they  came  to  an  anchor,  in  a  harbor  of  the  »»«««»,  of^rih- 
coio.  The  inhabitants  of  this  island  were  m  general  the  most 
adr  and  Ul-proportioned  people  that  i^e  voyaaers  had  seen; 
ttey  were  dark-colored,  somewhat  diminutive  m  Stature,  and  had 
longheads,  flat  faces,  and  cduntenances  not  much  dissimdarto 

*^ocee*£I  henie  in  a  «>uth.westeriy  direction  the  Resolution 
passed  several  smaU  islands.  The  harbor  m  one  of  them  called 
Tamia.  in  which  the  ship  was  anchored,  was  only  a  little  creek 
about  three  quarters  of  a  mUe  in  length,  but  no  .place  codld  |^ 
(  ead  it  in  convenience  for  obtaining  both  wood  and  water.  AB  _ 
'  Gamain  Cook  bad  finished  his  survey  of  the  whole  Archipelago, 
•wLhad  gained  a  knowledge  of  it  infinitely  superior  to  what  he 
'  Ud  attamed  before,  he  bestowed  upon  it  the  appellation  of  the 

*"  "teni  aailld  on  the  1st.  of  September,  and  on  t»(pth, 
Sjovered;  m  |^  harbor  belonMpg  to  which^Resolu- 
,  anchor  thei^xt  day.  AaCaptam  Coolrma  unable 
L  the  Island  was  cafled  by  the  natives,  he  g»ve  to  it 
If ew  Caledonia.  Excepting  New  Zealandjlhis  w^ 
I  lanest  jdandiB  the  South  Paci1llh^«n.  The  in- 
-      stro^jPfcit,  active,  and  welAMde:  and  fai 


'm^: 


*^. 


ere^oufteous  and  obliging.    TmfWP  •*» 


o^ietedio  pilfering, 
ion  weiahed 


RMpdvtion  weighed  anchor,  and  land  wcs 
B  im^  Norfolk  Isle.    From  this  place  our 
for  1!lew  Zealand,  in  Queen  Charlotte's 
ly  aO^prwards  arrived.  Several  daya  elapsed 
itites  nttde  their  appearance;  but  when  ther. 
«d  Capbi  Cook  and  his  (Kenda,  joy  suceeM- 
innk^in  numbers  out  of  the  woods,  and  em- 
over  and  over  ifain,  .leaping  and  ■hippi'V 
«w«  .««  .»-«««.a.     The  wfcMJfcercDurse  *«*  »*•«,  Nl.# 
Zealanden,  during  this  third  visH,  wil  peaceable  and  Men«y- 

Id  the  prosecutton  of  hia  voyage,  our  commander,  on  the  17th 
•r  Daeember,  Me^ed  the  weat  coast  of  Terra  del  Fuego,  and 
ZmZ  anchotlira  place  which  he  called  ChHstBMaloniid. 
Tkraugh  the  whole  cociae  of  his  varjpus  navlga,tionB,  he  iMd 
m^mZam  so  deaolate  a  coast.  But  larren  and  .dreary  as  the 
haAmt,  U  was  not  wholly  d«|til»t«  of  accommodations.  Tht 
THJujtlbMaiM  with  wild  lllir«>i  pvt^ulwlT  with  gMM; 


before 

ed  to  fear. 
iMraeed  the 
•boot  lUte 


madniel 


Be  and  friendiliiA 
and  of  their  kini 

9,  onthe  sixteenth 
be  the  same  that 
named  the  Great 
lis  island  for  soom 
B  island  of  MalB- 
general  the  moat 
'agars  had  seeni 
1  Stature,  and  had 
inch  diBStmilarto 

on  the  Resolati<m 
Be  of  them  called 
>nly  a  little  creek 
lo  place  coilld 
ilia  water.     Al 
hole  Archipelago, 
iperior  to  what  lie  ^ 
'appellation  of  the'^ 

-,  and  on  tM|ni> 
which  ^'Resolu- 
I  CooK^  unable 
ves,  he  gave  to  it 
tr  Zealandjthia  is 
i^ilpn.  The  ior' 
rePlnde;  and  in 
ag.    tagf^wlMt 

hor,  and  landwta 
F^rom  this  place  our 
Queen  Charlotte's 
everal  daya  dapaed 
ce;  but  when  titer, 
ienda,  joy  suceeM- 
he  woods,  and  em- 
tping  and  ■«??"« 
•se  with  the  N?w 
ible  and  friendly, 
lander,  on  the  17th 
im,  del  Fueig,  and 
Christma*  BouiMl. 
arigatioM,  he  had 
I  and  .dreary  as  the 
Homodations.  The 
tuliriy  with 


ii'P 


\Jy 


which  afforded  a  refreshment  to  the  whole  ship's  crew,  that  was 
the  more  acceptable  on  account  of  the  approaohiiu|  festival.  Had 
they  not  thus  been  happily  provided  for,  their  Christinas  cheer 
must  have  been  salt  beef  and  pork.  Some  ]|f«ileira  ifiae,  the 
only  article  of  fKovi^on  that  wal' mended  bylteeping,  was  still 
left.  This,  in  c9>(i«nction  with  the  geese,  which  were  cooked  in 
every  variety  of  method^  enabled  the  navigators  to  celebrate 
Cbristmaa  ta  oiMerfuUy  as  perhaps  was  done  by  their  friends  in 

Our  commander  spW  al^erwards  proceeded  through  the  Strait  of 
Ls  Maire  to  ISkaten  Uaod.    About  the  end  of  February  he  croAn 
ed.the  line  of  the  route  ha  had  taken  when  he  left  the  Cape  of 
Good.  Hope;  having  now  made  the  civcuit  of  the  southern  oc«an 
in  a  high  latitude,  and  traversed  it  in  such  a  Hipnner  as  to  leave 
no  room  %  the  possibility  of  their  being  any  continent  in  that  part 
of  the  heiquphere,  unless  near  the  pole,  and  out  of  the  reach  of.' 
^Attdgation.     By  twie*  visiting  the  Cropical  seaf  he  had  not  only 
^Hprtained  the  situation  of  some  old  discoveries,  bat  had  made 
^mnynew  ones;  and,  indeed,  even  in  thatjMrt,  had  left  little- 
.  more  to  be  accomplished.     "The  intention  or  the  voyage  had  in 
♦livery  respect  been  aaifvered,  and  the  iouthern  hemisphere  suffi- 
ciently explored.    A  coipplete  termination  was  herdby  put  to  the 
■e^Mig  after  a  southaga  eontiiNiit 


purpose  <n|tt»  navigation  of  C?iaptain  Coek  round 


[lie  gnat  pui,  __^ 

the  globaiiiK  thus  evicted,  ^  at  lensth  directed  his  vieirs 
towards  EngHtod,  and  determined  to  steer  for  the  Ca|t9  of  Good 
Hope;  and  on  Wednesday,  the twenty-seeond  of  ll||||h,  accor- 
ding to  his  reckoning  (who  had  sailed  round  the  ilffll),  but  on 
Tuesday,  th^^eAy-ant  at  the  Cape,  he  vnehored  his  ship  in 
Table  Jjaat  During  the  circumnavigation  oTUmi  globa,  from  the 
perio<nt  Wir  commander's  leaving  the  Cape  <^Good  00pe  to  his 
return  to  it  again,  he  had  sailed  no  less  a  dialfad^thaii  twenty 
thousand  leagues.  This  was  an  ex^ynt  of  Toragp  neap^y  equal  to 
three  times  the  equatorial  eireamforenee  of  the  aartli,  .npa  such 
as  had  never  been  accomplished  befiwre,  by  any  skip  in  mi  aams 
compass  of  duration.  .  »,■> 

On  .the  remainder  of  the  voyage  it  is  not  nee— anr  to  enfatfgo. 
The  repairs  of  the  sbiphnving  been  completed,  n|i  the  Mcesaary 
stores  carried  on  boaid,  togaoMrwith  afredh  MHNnKof  provisions 
nnd  water.  Captain  Oooklttft  tlm  Cape  of  Chwd  Hope  on  the 
S7th  of  April,  and  reaehoiihu  kdand  of  St.  Helena  on  the  Ifilh 
of  Mav.  Here  he  remained  till  the  81st,  when  he  sailed.  «nd 
arrived  in  safety  at  Portsmouth,  having  been  absent  from  Bm- 
hnd  tkroo /ears  and  eighteen  digra|  in  whidi  time,  and  olderiH 
ehangts  of  cUmate,  4m>  had  UMtlNit%r  man,  and  onlroibflr 
that*  by  aioknow. 


.  1  f 


-J 


Hk 


OAftAlM  «00K. 


CAPTAIN  COOK'S  THIRD  VOYAGE. 

Although  the  Retolotion  and  the  Ducovenr  were  dettined  tot 
the  Mme  lerrice,  they  did  not  leave  England  at  the  same  tifoe. 
Captain  Cook,  in  the  former,  sailed  from  Plymouth  on  the 
twelfth  of  July;  and  Captain  Clerke,  in  the  latter,  on  the  lat  of 
August,  1776.  The  two  ships  joined  at  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope, 
about  the  beginning  of  November.  Here  Captam  Cook  made 
an  addition  to  his  stock  of  animals,  by  the  purdiase  of  cattle, 
horses,  sheep,  goats,  rabbits,  and  poultry.  All  these,  as  well  as 
most  of  the  animds  then  6n  board  the  vessels,  were  intended  ftr 
Otaheite,  New  Zealand,  and  other  ulands. 

Tie  ships  sailed  from  the  Cape  about  the  beginning  of  De- 
cember; and  the  navigators,  pursuing  their  course  towards  the 
south-east,  the  weather  soon  became  so  cold  that  several  of^**^ 
goats  and  some  of  the  sheep  died.  On  the  13th,  two  islf 
were  seen,  the  larger  of  which  appeared  to  be  about  fit 
leagues  in  circuit.  As  no  names  had  hitherto  been  asmgned  to 
these  islands,  our  commander  called  them  Prince  BSwaid'e 
Islands. 

Though  it  was  new  the  middle  of  summer  in  this  hemiy^ere, 
the  weauer  was  not  less  severe  than  what  is  generapy  e^ri- 
j^poed  in  England  in  the  verr  depth  of  winter.  Instead,  however, 
fif  being  discouraged  by  this  circumstance,  the  captain  directed 
his  course  itUl  fiurther  south,  and  on  the  34th,  reached  the  island 
(Sailed  £erguelen'a  Land ;  and  the  next  day  landed  upon  it.  The 
weather  was  foggy  during  the  whole  time  that  Ae  ship*  eontia- 
ued  here.  The  nland  was  so  excessively  barren,  ^at  jterhaps 
no  place,  hitherto  discovered,  under  the  same  parallel  of  latitude, 
•flbrds  so  scanty  a  field  for  a  natural  historian  as  this.  If  oar 
eonmander  had  not  been  uHwilling  to  deprive  M.  de  Kerguelen 
of  the  honor  of  this  island  bearing  his  name,  he  would  have  call- 
ed k  tH*  !s!a^  of  Desolation.  « -  ,  _j 

Captain  Cook  next  directed  his  course  towards  New  Zealand, 
that  he  might  obtain  a  fiirther  snpiUy  of  water,  take  in  wood,  and 
make  hi^or  Ms  cattle.  Nothing  very  remarkable  occurred  to 
the  voyagers  till  the  34th  of  January,  17T7,  when  they  diseover- 
fld  Ae  coast  of  Van  Dieman's  Land,  and  in  two  days  after  oaow 
to  anchor.  One  day  they  were  agreeably  surpnsed  by  •Visit 
from  some  of  the  natives.  Every  present  whidi  .Captain  Cook 
aMd«<tftem  they  received  without  the  least  appeararoe  of  satia- 
tmim  During  the  few  days.that  Captain  Cook  eoc  Unaed  hen. 
ll?lMglected  nothing  that  eoold  promote  Mw  kaawledgo  of 
Mimee  or  navigation.  .      .  , 

Ho  sailed  from  Van  Diemaa'a  hmd  on  the  90lh  of  JwuMnr. 
1T7T,  ud  about  a  fortaiilit  jiftMnnutds,  came  to  welMr  tt  Mi 


fWlB^iv 


extTAa  COM. 


m 


>YAGE. 

were  dettined  tat 
at  the  Mune  ttfoe. 
Plymouth  on  the 
ktter,  on  the  let  of 
Rpe  of  Good  Hope, 
aptain  Cook  nwde 
purchase  of  oattle, 
U  theee,  aa  well  M 
,  were  intended  for 


beginning  of  De> 

course  towards  the 

that  several  of  j 

12th,  two  isli 

be  about  fifts 

>  been  assined  to 

Prince  Edward's 


S   UM 

.fJhL 
fteir 


n  this 
»  jgeneri 

Instead,  however, 
le  captain  directed 
,  reacned  the  island 
nded  upon  it.  The 
It  Ai  ships  eontin- 
arren.  tliat^rhaps 
parallel  of  latitade, 
an  as  this.  If  oar 
•  M.  de  Kerguelsn 
he  would  have  cnll- 

ards  New  Zenlaod, 
■,  take  in  wood,  and 
urkable  occurred  to 
irhen  they  diseover- 
wodays  aiker  came 
■urpnsed  hj  a  Visit 
faica  .Captain  Cook 
ppeararca  of  satis- 
ookeoitinued'hera, 
jthe  kaowledgs  of 

le  90th  of  Janomr, 
M  to  welMr  at  m 


hnwiJItojI^T"  [^ 

rapv  e!q>eri-  [ 


■m- 


1 


i 


ii . 


old  station  of  Queen  Charlotte's  Sound,  in  New  Zealand.  Ope- 
rations for  refitting  the  ships,  and  for  obtaining  provisions,  were 
carried  on  with  great  vigor.  So  healthy  were  the  crews,  that  at 
this  time  there  were  only  two  invalids  upon  the  sick  lists  of  both 
ships.  Captain  Cook,  in  this  his  lost  visit  to  New  Zealand, 
gave  to  one  chief  two  goats,  a  male  and  female,  with  a  kid;  and 
to  another  two  pigs,  a  boar  and  a  sow.  It  had  been  his  intention 
to  have  left  other  animals  than  these ;  but  he  was  unable  to  find 
a  chief  who  was  powerful  enough  to  protect  them,  and  he  there- 
fore gave  up  all  thought  of  it. 

On  the  24th  of  February  Captain  Cook  proceeded  on  his 
voyage,  in  a  north-easterly  direction  and,  about  five  wdeks  afters 
wards,  arrived  at  an  island  situated  in  about  twenty  degrees  of 
south  latitude,  and  called  by  the  natives  Wateeoo.  This  island, 
which  is  about  six  leagues  in  circuit,  is  a  very  beautiful  spot, 
having  a  surface  composed  of  hills  and  plains,  covered  with  a 
uTerdure  rendered  extremely  pleasant  by  the  diversity  of  its  hues. 
Jhs  inhabitants  were  very  numerous,  and  many  of  them  were  ele- 
gsiitly  formed.  Their  whole  behavior,  whilst  on  board,  showed 
that  they  were  perfectly  at  ease,  and  that  they  felt  no  apprehen- 
sion, either  that  they  should  be  detained  or  ill  used. 

It  has  been  stated  that  it  was  a  principal  object  of  this  voyage 
to  examine  the  Pacific  Ocean  in  the  high  northern  latitudes. 
But,  hitherto,  the  prosrees  of  th'e  vessels  hwl  been  so  unavoidably 
retarded  by  unfavorable  winds,  and  other  adverse  circumstances, 
that  it  was  become  impossible  for  the  commander,  this  year,  to 
think  of  proceeding  towards  those  latitudes.  The  rainy  season 
soon  afterwards  commenced;  and  the  united  heat  and  moisture 
of  the  weather,  in'  addition  to  the  impossibility  of  keeping  tbm 
diips  dry,  threatened  to  be  very  iqiurioas  to  the  health  of  his 
people.  So  great,  and  so  judicious,  however,  were  the  attentions 
which  he  paid  to  their  health,  that  there  was  not  as  yet  one  sick 
man  on  board  either  ship. 

On  the  1st  of  May,  the  vessels  arrived  at  Anamooka.  A 
firiei^y  intercourse  was  immediately  opened  with  the  natives. 
The  only  interruption  to  the  friendship  which  had  been  established, 
arose  from  the  thievinh  disposition  of  the  inhabitants  of  Anamooka. 
Numerous  opportunities. were  here  afforded,  (^remarking  how 
expert  these  people  were  in  the  business  of  stealing.  Even  some 
of  the  ehiefii  did  not  think  the  profession  unbecoming  their  dignity. 
One  of  them  was  detected  in  carnring  a  bolt  out  of  the  ship,  con- 
cealed under  his  clothes.  For  this  offence  Captain  Cook  sao- 
tenced  him  to  receive  a  dosen  lashes,  and  kept  him  coofaad  t^^ 
he  had  paid  a  hog  for  his  liberty;  and  afterwards  the  na'i^gftoni'^ 
wera  no  longer  troubled  with  thieves  of  rank.  Their  servaatt,  «r 
slaves,  however,  w«re  still  employed;  and  upon  them  a  floniibg 
seemed  to  make  no  greater  impveasion,  than  it  would  have  oono 
opoa  thoMljfemut.    At  lengthy  Captain  Clarke  inveatod  a  nodo 


OtfTAIK  eOOK. 


of  trMtneat,  which  wm  thought  to  bo  of  good  effect.  He  pat 
the  thievea  into  the  hands  of  the  berber,  and  completely  thared 
their  heada.  In  eonaeijuenee  of  this  operation,  they  became 
objects  of  ridicule  to^their  own  countrjmen;  and  our  people,  bjr 
immediateljr  knowins  them,  and  keeping  them  at  a  distance,  wore 
enabled  to  deprive  them  of  future  opportunities  for  a  repetition  of 
their  rogueries. 

Captain  Cook  now  proceeded  to  the  Friendly  Islands,  and  was 
received  in  the  most  friendly  manner  imaginable  by  the  inhabitants. 
Besides  the  immediate  benefits  that  were  derived  by  the  ships 
from  the  friendly  intercourse  which  had  been  established,  so  exten- 
sive an  addition  was  now  made  to  the  geographical  knowledge  of 
this  part  of  the  Pacific  Ocean,  as  may  render  no  small  service  to 
future  navigators.  From  the  information  which  our  commander 
received,  this  Archipelago  is  vefy  extensive.  More  than  one 
hundred  and  fifty  islands  were  reckoned  by  the  natives,  who  made 
use  of  bits  of  leaves  of  different  size  for  designating  their  number, 
and  their  relative  dimensions. 

On  the  17th  of  July,  our  commander  took  his  final  leave  of  the 
Friendly  Islands;  and  in  about  three  weeks,  he  reached  Otaheite. 
Omai's  first  reception  among  his  countrymen  was  not  entirely  of 
a  flatterins  nature.  Captaift  Cook  found  that  since  he  was  last  at 
Otaheite,  in  1774,  two  Spanish  vessels  had  been  there,  and  had 
left  some  hogs,  dogs,  goats,  one  bull,  and  a  ram.  The  officers 
and  crews  of  these  vessels  had  behaved  so  well,  that  the  inhabi- 
tants spoke  of  them  in  the  strongest  expressions  of  esteem  and 
veneration.  On  tiie  present  visit,  the  narigators  had  undeniable 
proof  that  the  offering  of  human  saerifie«s  formed  a  part  of  the 
raygious  institutions  of  Otaheite. 

One  dav  while  the  navigators  w«re  in  Matavia  Bay,  Captain 
Cook,  and  Captain  Clerke,  mounted  on  horseback,  and  rode  into 
the  country.  The  Otaheitans,  who  had  never  seen  such  animals 
before,  were  utterly  astonished,  and  saied  upon  the  gentlemen 
with  as  much  amazement,  as  if  they  nad  been  Centaurs.  Not 
.all  the  novelties,  put  tpgether,  which  European  visiters  had  car- 
risd  amongst  them,  inspired  Uiem  with  so  high  an  opinion  of  ihe 
greatftess  of  distant  nations  as  this. 

During  this  visit  to  Otaheite,  eo  cordial  a  friendship  and  confi- 
dence were  established  betwixt  the  voyasera  and  the  natives,  that 
it  was  not  once  interrupted  by  any  uimleasant  incident.  From 
Otaheite  Captain  Cook  sailed  on  ue  19th  to  the  adjacent  island 
of  Etmeo.  At  this  island  the  tranMCtions  were,  for  tin  most  part, 
mpleasant.  On  the  1 1th  of  October  the  ships  arrived  ja  a  luurbM 
OBtho  wast  side  of  the  island  of  Huaheine. 

The  grand  business  of  Captain  Cook  at  Huaheine  was  to  settle 
Obmh  there,  on  the  very  spOl  from  lAieh  he  had  been  taken. 
CbAe  Sad  of  Novemb«r  177T,  Omai  fook  his  final  leave  of  the 
Sni^iah  in  m  very  affbetionate  MHUMr,  bttt  at  the  saoM  Um»  wHHh 


??^|s^"^.~Mi5&- 


OjifTAlIf  OOOX. 


Iff 


effect.  He  pal 
mpletelj  ihaTed 
m,  they  became 
d  our  people,  bjr 
E  a  diatance,  wore 
or  a  repetition  of 

Islands,  and  was 
tj  the  inhabitants.' 
red  by  the  ships 
iblished,  soexten- 
cal  knowledge  of 
}  small  service  to 
I  our  commander 
More  than  one 
latives,  who  made 
ing  their  number,  ^ 

final  leave  of  the 
reached  Otaheite. 
as  not  entirely  of 
ince  he  was  last  at 
in  there,  and  had 
im.  The  officers 
I,  that  the  inhabi- 
ns  of  esteem  and 
rs  had  undeniable 
med  a  part  of  the 

tvia  Bay,  Captain 
ack,  and  rode  into 
seen  such  animals 
ion  the  gentlemen 
n  Centaurs.  Not 
1  visiters  had  car^ 
an  opinion  of  ihe 

endship  and  confi- 
nd  the  natives,  that 
t  incident.  From 
he  adjacent  island 
>,  for  tin  most  part, 
arrived' in  a  harbor 

aheine  was  to  settle 
B  had  been  taken, 
s  final  leave  of  the 
the  SUBS  tiaw  with 


'4 


manly  resolotion;  and  the  vesseb  sailed  f  "Theta,  where  thmr 
arrived  on  the  following  day.  The  last  o»  ae  Society  Islands 
which  Captain  Cook  visited  was  Bolabola.  Captain  Cook  coa- 
tinned  to  the  last  his  zeal  for  furnishing  the  natives  of  the  South 
Sea  with  useful  animals.  The  navigators  finally  departed  from 
the  Society  Islands  on  the  12th  of  December. 

Frequently  as  these  islands  had  been  visited,  it  might  have  been 
imagined  that  their  religious,  political,  and  domestic  regulations, 
manners,  and  customs,  must,  by  this  time,  have  been  thoroughly 
understood.  A  great  accession  of  knowledge  was  undoubtedly 
gained  in  the  present  voyage ;  and  yet  it  was  confessed  by  Captain 
Cook,  that  his  account  of  these  was,  in  various  respects,  stdl 
imperfect;  and  that  he  still  continued  a  stranger  to  many  of  the 
most  important  institutions  which  prevailed  there.  * 

In  the  night  between  the  22d  and  23d  of  December,  1777, 
the  ships  crossed  the  equator,  in  the  longitude  of  two  hundred  and 
three  dtegrees  fiaeen  minutes  west.  The  navigators.stiil  proceed- 
ed northward;  and  towards  the  end  of  January,  1778,  they  ap- 
proached a  cluster  of  islands,  which  Captaib  Cook  afterwards 
named  the  Sandwich  Islands. 

One  of  the  officers  was  eent  with  the  boat  to  search  for  water 
at  an  island  called  by  the  natives  At9oi.  On  attempting  to  land 
here  the  inhabitanto  came  down  in  such  numbers,  ai^  were  so 
violent  in  their  endeavors  to  seize  the  oars,  muskets,  and,  m  short, 
every  thing  they  could  lay  hold  of,  that  he  was  compelled  to  fire 
upon  them,  and  one  man  was  kUled.  The  rapacious  duqposition 
they  at  first  displayed,  was  entirely  corrected  bjrtheir  oonTiction 
that  it  could  not  be  exercised  with  impunity.  Dunnff  the  short 
stay  of  the  vessels  at  this  island,  it  was  ascertained  that  the  i»- 
habitants  were  eaters  of  humui  flesh.  It  was,  however,  undeN 
stood  that  their  enemies  slain  in  battle  were  the  sole  objects  of  so 
abominable  a  custom.  This  people,  when  Captain  Cook  became 
better  acquainted  with  them,  appeared,  in  general,  to  possess  a 
frank  and  cheerful  disposition,  equally  removed  from  the  fickle 
levity  which  distinguishes  the  natives  of  Otaheite,  and  the  se^ 
character  which  is  discernible  among  many  of  those  of  the  other 
Islands  of  the  South  Sea.  .  ^    «    .  •    «^^ 

Of  the  Archipelago,  which  w^  denononated  by  CaptamCooli 
the  Sandwich  Islands,  there  were  five  only  with  which,  at  thw 
time,  he  became  acquainted.  Their  names,  as  given  bv  am 
natives,  were  Woahoo,  Atooi,  Oneeheow,  Oreehoua,  vtATtr 
hoora.  Had  the  Sandwich  Islands  been  dUcovered  by  the  Span-  • 
iards  at  an  early  period,  that  petple  would  undoubtedly  have 
taken  advantage  of  so  excellent  a  situation,  and  »*»•."■»*  "J* 
of  them  as  refreshing  places  to  Uieir  ships,  which  sad  •nwMqr 
(iom  Acapulco  forMiniUa.  Happy  too  would  it  have  »»«»  »J 
Anson,  if  he  had  known  that  there  existed  a  group  of  islands  half 
way  between  America  and  Tbian,  where  all  hw  wants  eonKi 


Its 


OAyTAiir  eoM. 


•flhetually  have  b«eniuppUed,  and  the  diffisraBt  hacddiipt  to  friueh 
he  waa  exposed  have  been  avoided. 

On  the  2d  or  February,  the  navicatora  pursued  their  courM 
northward;  in  doing  which  the  incidents  they  met  with  were  al- 
most entirely  of  a  nautical  kind.  The  coast  of  New  Albion  waa 
seen  on  the  7th  of  March,  the  ships  being  then  in  the  latitude  of 
44  deg.  83  min.  north,  and  in  the  longitude  of  336  deg.  30  min. 
east.  As  the  vessels  ranged  along  the  west  side  of  America, 
Captain  Cook  gave  names  to  severiu  capes  and  headlands,  which 
appeared  in  sight.  At  length,  on  the  29th,  he  came  to  anchor  in 
a  bay  which  was  called  by  the  natives  Nootka,  and  was  thence 
named  bv  Captain  Cook  rfcotka  Sound.  Some  of  the  natives 
came  on  to  the  ships  in  canoes,  but  they  could  not  be  prevailed 
with  to  venture  on  board.  Shortly  after  this  a  regular  trade  was 
comirenced.  The  articles  which  the  inhabitants  offered  for  sale 
were  the  skins  of  various  animals,  such  as  bears,  wolves,  foxes, 
deer,  raccoons,  pole-cats,  martins;  and,  in  particular,  of  the  sea* 
otters.  To  these  were  ad()«id  garments  made  of  skins;  another 
sort  of  clothing,  formed  from  the  bark  of  a  tree;  .and  various 
pieces  of  workmanship.  Tie  articles,  which  the  natives  took  in 
exchange  for  their  commodities,  were  knives,  chisels,  pieces  of 
iron  and  tin,  nails,  looking-glasses,  buttons,  or  any  kind  of 
metal.  Though  commerce,  in  general,  waa  carried  on  with  mu- 
t.ial  honesty,  there  were  some  amons  these  people,  who  were  as 
nidch  inclined  to  thievery  as  the  islandera  in  the  Southern  Ocean 

In  the  present  abstract  the  time  will  not  allow  of  an  insertion  of 
more  than  a  short  account  of  the  inhabitants.  Their  persons  are 
d  ascribed  to  have  been  Benerally  under  the  common  stature 
s|}inewha''  '■•)i  or  plump,  though  without  bein>  muscular.  They 
were  undo-iiitedly  eaters  of  human  flesh,  jret  they  had  no  appear- 
•line  of  inl'uciaoify  of  character.  To  our  navigators  they  seemed 
•  docile,  noi  .teous,  and  well-disposed  people.  'The  chief  employ' 
ments  of  (he  men  were  fishing  and  kiUinji  lend  or  aea  animals,  for 
the  sustenance  of  their  families;  while  ue  women  were  ')ccupied 
in  (hanuf  icturing  flaxen  or  woollen  garments,  or  in  other  domestic 
fefllces. 

On  the  36tb,  the  repairR  of  the  riiips  having  been  completed. 
Captain  <}ook  sailed  from  Nootka  Sound.  In  the  orosecution  of 
his  voyai^e  northward,  and  back  again  to  the  Sanowich  Islandt, 
the  facts  that  occurred  were  chiefly  of  a  nautical  kind. 

'  At  an  inlet  where  the  ships  came  to  aiehor  on  the  -ISth  of  MiJ't 
and  to  which  Captain  Cook  cave  the  appellation  pf  Prince  Wil- 
liam's Sound,  he  had  an  opplrtunity  not  only  of  prosecuting  hb 
nautical  and  geographical  discoveries,  but  of  making  considerabl* 
additions  to  nis  knowledge  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  American 
coast,  The  natives  of  this  part  of  the  coast  had  a  near  resem- 
.Uanoe  to  the  Esquimaux  and  Oreenlanders.  It  is  remarkable 
Moeaniing  thia  people,  that  there  were  fooad  aiOMfst  thiam  h«lh 


.■.s^*?fSi'_'' 


rdihipi  to  wliieli 


few 


ed  their  courM 

et  with  were  •!- 

Albion  was 

the  latitude  of 

35  deg.  30inin. 

de  of  America, 

leadlands,  which  < 

line  to  anchor  in 

and  was  thence 

e  of  the  natives 

not  be  prevailed 

egular  trade  was 

I  offered  for  sals 

I,  wolves,  foxes, 

sular,  of  the  sea* 

'  skins;   another 

Be;  .and  various 

le  natives  took  ia 

shisels,  pieces  of  . 

or  any  kind  of 

ried  on  with  mu- 

pie,  who  were  as 

Southern  Ocean 

of  an  insertion  of 

Fheir  persons  are 

common  stature 

muscular.    They 

)y  had  no  appear^ 

Iters  they  seemed 

rho  chief  employ- 

»r  sea  animals,  for 

en  were  <)ccupied 

in  other  domestic 

been  completed, 
be  prosecution  of 
iandwich  Islandf, 
ilkind. 

thelSthofMay. 
a  of  Prince  W&- 
at  prosecuting  his 
king  considerable 
of  the  American 
ini  a  near  resein* 
It  is  remarkable 
noagstthem  belli 


t 


eATTAiir  eoei.  li 

beads  and  iron;  which  must  have  come  from  some  dTiKsed  as^ 
tion,  thouffh  there  wss  reason  to  suppose  that  our  navigators  werr 
the  first  ^ropeans  with  whom  they  had  ever  held  a  direct  coso- 
munication. 

Some  days  after  leaving  this  sound,  the  navigators  came  to  an 
inlet,  from  which  hopes  were  strongly  eotertsined,  that  it  would 
be  found  to  communicate  either  with  the  sea  to  the  north,  or  with 
Baffin's  Bay  to  the  east;  and,  accordingly,  it  became  the  object 
of  very  accurate  and  serious  examination.  The  Captain  was  soon 
persuaded  that  the  expectations  formed  from  it  were  groundless, 
yet  it  was  requisite  that  this  should  be  perfectly  ascertained.  A 
complete  investigation  of  the  inlet  consequently  took  place,  to  the 
distance  of  seventjr  leagues  from  its  entrance,  and  indubitable 
marks  occurred  of  its  being  a  river,  but  one  of  the  most  considera* 
ble  ones  that  are  known.     It  was  called  Cook's  River. 

The  navigators  cleared  Cook's  river  on  the  6th  of  June.  In 
the  prosecution  of  the  voyage,  on  the  36th,  theiw  was  so  thick  a 
fog,  that  the  navigators  could  not  see  a  hundred  yards  before 
them;  notwithstanding  which,  as  the  weather  was  moderate,  the 
Captain  did  not  intermit  his  course.  At  length,  however,  being 
alarmed  at  the  sound  of  breakers  on  one  side  of  the  ship,  he  im- 
mediately brousht  her  to,  and  came  to  anchor;  and  the  Discov- 
ery, by  his  order,  did  the'  same.  A  few  hours  afterwards,  the 
fog  having  in  some  degree  cleared  away,  it  appeared,  that  bpth 
the  vessels  had  escaped  a  very  imminent  danger.  Providence, 
in  the  dark,  had  conducted  them  between  rocEs  which  the  com- 
mander would  not  have  ventured  to  pass  through  even  in  a  clear 
day,  and  had  conveyed  them  to  an  anchoring-plaee,  as  good  as  he 
could  possibly  have  fixed  upon,  had  the  choice  been  entirely  at 
his  option. 

On  the  37th,  the  vessels  reached  an  island  called  Oonalaska, 
the  inhabitants  of  which  behaved  with  a  degree  of  politeness  and 
courtesy  very  unusual  with  savage  tribes.  About  the  10th  of 
August  Captain  Cook  came  to  anchor  under  a  point  of  land,  to 
wrhich  he  gave  the  name  of  Cape  Prince  of  Wales,  und  which  m 
rrtnarkable  by  being  the  most  western  extremity  of  America 
hitherto  explored.  This  extremity  is  distant  from  the  eastern 
Cape  of  Siberia  only  thirteen  leagues:  and  thus  onr  Commander 
haa  the  glory  of  ascertaining  the  vicinity  of  the  two  continents, 
which  before  bad  onlpr  been  conjectured  from  the  reports  of  the 
neighboring  Asiatic  inhabitants,  and  the  imperfect  observations 
of  the  Russian  navigators.  ^ 

Resuming  bis  course  he  erossra  over  to  the  oppeeile  Asiatie 
coast,  and  anchored  in  a  bay  which  he  named  the  Bay  of  St. 
Lawrence,  belonging  to  the  eountrr  of  the  Tsehutski.  After  this, 
again  approaching  the  shore  of  America,  he  proceeded  towards 
the  Borth,  and  on  the  18th,  be  reached  the  latttode  of  70  dec.  44 
mim.    Tim  sbips  were  iiow  dose  to  the  edge  of  the  ice,  and  as- 


lio 


OAfTAW  ««Mt. 


able  to  go  unj  flirther.  The  ic«,  wm  m  compact  ••  •  wall,  and 
was  jud|[«d  to  b«  ten  or  twelre  feet  in  height.  Farther  to  the 
n<Hth,  It  appeared  much  higher.  Its  aurfaee  waa  extremely 
nigged,  and  m  different  places  there  were  seen  upon  it  pools  of 
water.  A  prodigious  number  of  sea-horses  laj  upon  the  ice ;  and 
some  of  them,  on  thi  19th,  were  procured  for  food,  there  being 
at  this  time  a  want  of  fresh  provisions.  They  were  bad  eating, 
but  the  voyagers  lived  upon  them  as  long  as  they  lasted;  and 
most  of  the  seamen  preferred  them  to  salt  meat. 

Captain  Cook  continued  until  the  29th,  to  traverse  the  Icy  Sea 
iMyond  Behring's  Strait,  in  various  directions,  and  through  num- 
berless obstructiona  and  difficulties.  Every  day  the  ice  increased, 
so  as  ta  preclude  all  hope  of  attaining,  at  least  during  the  present 
year,  the  grand  object  of  the  voyage,  the  discovery  of  a  passage 
northwara  into  the  Atlantic.  Before  Captain  Cook  proceeded 
far  to  the  south,  be  employed  a  considerable  time  in  examinins 
the  sea  and  coaats  in  the  neighborhood  of  Behring's  Strnit,  both 
on  the  side  of  Asia  and  Anaerica;  and  on  the  3d  of  October  he 
returned  to  the  island  of  Oonalaska.  The  navigatora  had  not 
been  here  many  days,  when  Captain  Cook  and  Captain  Clerke 
each  received  a  very  singular  present,  of  a  rye  loaf,  or  rather 
a  pie  in  the  form  of  a  loaf;  for  it  inclosed  some  salmon  highly  Rea- 
soned with  pepper.  And  with  each  loaf  was  a  note  written  in  a 
language,  which  no  one  was  able  to  read.  It  was  imagined  that 
thS  presents  came  from  some  Russians  in  the  neighborhood,  and 
therefore  a  few  bottles  of  rum,  wine,  and  porter,  were  sent  to 
these  unknown  friends  in  return;  it  being  rightly  judged  lusi  such 
articles  would  be  more  acceptable  than  any  thing  besides,  wt^ich 
itwas.inthc  poorer  of  the  navigators  to  bestow.  An  intelligoiit 
man  was  sent  with  the  bearer  of  the  presents,  for  the  purpose 
of obtainiDg  further  information.  Two  days  afterwards  this  pei- 
son  returned  with  three  Russian  seamen.  They  had  been  station- 
ed here  to  collect  furs;  and  h&d  on  the  island  a  dwelling-house,- 
some  store-houses,  and  a  sloop  of  about  thirty  tons  burden.  One 
of  them  was  the  master  or  mate  of  the  vessel,  and  they  all  ap- 
peared to  be  sensible  and  well-behaved  persons.  From  a  very 
mtelUgeni-Russian,  who  landed  at  Oonalaska  on  the  14th,  Cap- 
tain Cook  obtained  the  sight  of  two  manuscript  charts  of  these 
seas,  and  was  permitted  to  copy  them. 

All  things  being  ready  for  his  departure.  Captain  Cook  Ici't 
Oonalaska  on  the  26th,  and  saUed  for  tho  Sandwich  Islands.  On 
tha  30th  of  November,  be  arrived  at  Owh^ee,  one  of  the  Sandwich 
biuids;  and  one  which  appmedto  him  of  greater  extent  and 
in^wrtance  than  any  of  the  islands  that  had  yet  been  visited  in 
i  M  part  of  the  world.  He  oecupied  nearly  seven  weeks  in  sailing 
i^HUid,  and  examiniiw  its  coast.  On  the  l$th  of  January;  1779, 
t  aooM  arrived  in  saen  nondiera  from  all  parta,  that  there  were  not 
f  »wei  than  atboaiand  about  the  two  akipa,  moat  of  them  ennrM 


iMMMiiiiii 


•AfflilM  VOMC 


ISl 


St  M  a  wall,  and 
Farther  to  the 
waa  extremely 
upon  it  pools  of 
poD  the  ice ;  and 
»od,  there  being 
were  bad  eating, 
ibey  lasted;   and 

rerse  the  Icy  Sea 
tnd  through  num- 
the  ice  increased, 
uring  the  present 
rery  of  a  passage 
Cook  proceeded 
line  in  examioine 
ing's  Strait,  both 
3d  of  October  he 
avigatorn  had  not 
1  Captain  Clerke 
ye  loaf,  or  rather 
salmon  highly  sea- 
note  written  in  a 
vas  imagined  that 
neighborhood,  and 
tcr,  were  sent  to 
y  judged  i\>sA  such 
ing  besides,  wl;ich 
w.     An  intelligout 
8,  for  the  purpose 
fterwards  this  pei- 
Y  had  been  station- 
a  dwelling-house,' 
tons  burden.     One 
,  and  they  all  ap- 
»ns.     From  a  very 
on  the  14th,  Cap- 
ipt  charts  of  these 

Captain  Cook  Icit 
Iwich  Islands.  On 
ine  of  the  Sandwich 
greater  extent  and 
yet  been  risited  in 
iren  weeks  in  sailing 
I  of  January,  1TI9, 
that  there  wera  not 
wtoftheneroirM 


it  willnot  be  deema  "X'^Shim  t«SLT«rrthe.Re«.l«tio«  a 

!LSA«^"Lle^rwi!:Tr.Jeeday.^^^      could  not 
boat's  rudder,  ana  »°^' ""  .  j:,ectedtwo  or  three  muakets,  and 

than  terrified.  _  .    .       l^„  which  was  called 

The  ships  were  "^^ho'ed  on  the  Hth  m  a  b»^^^      ^^  ^ 

by  the  inhabit«rts  Ka«k*koo*-   J"  ^^^'J^yTeopii,  .Membled 
■ies.  Captain  Cook  had  never  seen  so  many^i^^  ^^ 

Sone  pl«e  as  he  saw  ont^;*^occ^^n',bi^^^^^^  ^^^ 

that  came  off  in  canoes  '^V,J;f  "*  %t^^^    round  the  ship, 
.pectators.  and  many  »V?°«*'tJLr«  of  th^rrteSourse  which  waa 

all  times,  and  in  all  "t"?*'f  ■^-      ..-.j  e^j^  the  generosity  and 

But  the  satisfaction  that  ^'^  ~"^~  ^^  interrupted  by  the 

hospitality  of  the  i»hab'tant»    ^  ^^J  ^^^^^^ 

propensity  of  many  oft»»!™*'»»Vji"8'Ced  'h*  commander  and 
The  more'distressing  as  >t  -ometmie.  obhged  tt,e  c      ^^.^^ 

the  other  officers  to  ^ave  recourw  to  acts^oi  J^^^  ^aif  not 

would  willingly  have  avoided,  if  the  necev»»y  "» 
absolutely  called  for  them.  Karakakooa  bay.     It 

Early  the  next  day.  the  «l»P8  sailed  oj^J/^t^er  Saiiwich 
was  the  captain's  design,  b«/:°'«XjAat  he  liad  begun.  Hia 
islands,  to  Anish  t^'^J^y^^t^S' a  Sartor  bette?  sheltered 
tl.iect  in  this  was,  if  P°'»^''*'*'.  „  ,."^  :,!«.  igft  Two  days  after- 
from  the  weather  than  *h«  W  h^i^^h^^Mhe  Re~^^^^^  *^« 

X^:::^^^Z^^!^--'  -^  oftn.  fo. 

mer  acquaintance  of  the  na'*8«»"-        .     Re«,lution's  foremast 

The\ext  day,  Feb™«y  the  13th  eJe^^^ 
was  landed,  to  be  repaired,  and  tents  wej^e^ere  ^^^^^^^  ^ 

situation  on  the  'hore.      An  fed  jn  wM  tma      y^^  ^^  _ 

stealing  the  armorer's  tongs  from  ^»? 'J'?"'^  Notwithstand- 
ed  ase'vere  ^gg>'* .J-^f  ^ "^  fn  the  aSmoon  another  had 
ing  the  example  made  ««"  «»»  ""OJ  chisel  from  the  same  place, 
the  audacity  to  snatch  the  tongs  and  5  ch»^«       ^,  .j,^,,.    The 


M 


^^ 


CirVAIN  MOB.- 


u  they  coald  towards  the  thore.  Several  maskets  were  fired  at 
them,  but  without  effect,  for  they  toon  got  cot  of  the  reach  of  the 
shots. 

This  was  the  -commencement  of  A  rerr  fatal  misunderstanding 
with  the  natives.  In  the  night,  one  of  the  boats  belonging  to  the 
Discovery  was  carried  off;  and  many  hostile  indications  on  the 
part  of  the  natives  were  remarked.  These  determined  Captain 
Cook  to  secure,  if  possible,  the  person  of  the  king  as  ^e  most 
effectual  step  that  could  be  taken  for  the  recovery  of  the  boat, 
and  restoring  amity  betwixt  the  En||Iish  and  the  inhabitants. 
Accompanied  by  the  lieutenant  of  marines,  a  serjeant,  corporal, 
and  seven  private  men;  having  at  the  same  time  armed  several 
men  in  the  ship's  launch  and  pinnace,  he  undauntedly  proceeded 
to  the  residence  of  the  king.  At  an  interview  with  the  king,  the 
captain  took  hiiu  by  the  hand,  in  a  friendly  manner,  and  asked 
him  to  go  on  board  the  Resolution,  to  which  he  readily  consented. 
A  short  time  ader  this,  several  of  the  Indians  were  observed  to  be 
arming  themselves  with  long  spears,  clubs,  and  daggers,  and 
putting  on  thick  mats  which  they  used  as  armor.  Thui  hostile 
appearance  increased,  and  became  the  more  alarming,  on  the  ar« 
rival  of  two  men,  with  news  that  a  chief  called  Kareemoo  Lad 
been  killed  by  the  men  in  one  of  the  Discovery's  boats.  Captain 
Cook  being  at  this  time  surrounded  by  a  great  crowd,  thought  his 
situation  somewhat  hazardous.  He  therefore  ordered  the  lieu- 
tenant of  marines  to  march  his  small  party  to  the  water-side,  where 
the  boats  lay,  within  a  iew  yards  of  the  shoi-e:  the  Indians  readily 
made  a  lane  for  them  to  pass,  and  did  not  offer  to  interrupt  them. 
The  distance  they  had  to  go  misht  be  about  fifty  .or  sixty  yards. 
Captain  Cook  followed,  having  hold  of  the  king's  hand,  who  ac- 
companied him  very  willingly:  he  was  attended  by  his  wife,  two 
sons  and  several  chiefs.  His  younger  son  went  immediately  into 
the  pinnance,  expecting  his  father  to  follow;  but  the  latter  had  no 
Moner  arrived  at  the  water-side,  than  his  wife  threw  her  arms 
about  his  neck,  and,  with  the  assistance  of  two  chiefs,  forced  him 
to  sit  down  by  the  side  of  a  double  canoe.  Captain  Cook  expostu- 
lated with  them,  but  to  no  purpose,  they  would  not  suffer  the  king 
to  proceed,  telling  him  that  he  would  be  put  to  death  if  he  went 
on  board  the  ship. 

While  the  king  was  in  this  situation,  another  of  the  chiefs  was 
observed  lurking  near,  with  an  iron  dagger  partly  concealed  under 
his  cloak.  His  attention,  apparently,  was  to  stab  either  Captain 
Cook,  or  the  lieutenant  of  marines.  The  latter  propoaed  to  fire 
at  him,  but  the  captain  would  not .  permit  it.  The  chief  cloaed 
ttpon  them,  on  which  the  officer  strock  him  with  hia  musket,  and 
compelled  him  to  retire.  Captain  Cook  seeing.  I|*  tumult  in- 
crease,  and  that  the  Indians  grew  more  daring  MM  reaoiute,  found 
that  it  would  be  impossible  to  carry  off  the  kTog  by  fbree,  vitlMNit 
■aeriflcjng  many  of  his  people.    He  tlMreftra  pauaed  a  Uttt^i^ 


^AWAnr  flOOK. 


19S 


■  wen  fired  at 
reach  of  the 

lundentaading 

elonging  to  the 

icatioDs  on  the 

mined  Captain 

ng  as  ^e  moat 

7  of  the  boat, 

he  inhabitanta. 

eant,  corporal, 

armed  several 

ediy  proceeded 

h  the  king,  the 

ler,  and  asked 

idiljr  consented. 

observed  to  be 

i  daggers,  and 

.     This  hostile 

ling,  on  the  ar- 

Kareerooo  Lad 

mats.     Captain 

>wd,  thought  his 

dered  the  lieu- 

Bter««ide,  where 

i  Indians  readily 

interrupt  them. 

'  .or  sixty  yards. 

hand,  who  ao> 

by  his  wife,  two 

mmediately  into 

he  latter  had  bo 

threw  her  arms 

ieft,  forced  him 

t  Cook  expostU' 

t  suffer  the  king 

eath  if  he  went 

r  the  chiefs  was 
concealed  under 
I  either  Captain 
ropoaed  to  fire 
he  chief  closed 
lia  musket,  and 
.  im  tumult  in- 
I  resolute,  found 
>y  ferae,  wkltottt 
Medalittti^ 


waa  on  the  point  of  gMag  orders  to  reimbaric,  when  a  man  threw 
a  stone  at  liim.  Thiv  Captain  Cook  returned  bj  a  discharge  of 
small  shot.  The  man  brandished  his  spear,  and  was  about  to  dart 
it  at  the  captain,  when  the  latter  knoekeid  him  down  with  hb 
musket.  He  ezpoetuhted  strongly  with  the  most  forward  of  the 
crowd  upov  their  turbulent  behavior;  and  now  only  sought  to 
secure  a  safe  embarkation  for  his  small  party,  which  was 
closely  presced  by  a  body  of  aaveral  thousand  people.  One  man 
was  observed  behind  a  double  canoe,  in  the  action  of  darting  hia 
spear  at  Captain  Cook.  He  therefore  was  forced  to  fire  at  him 
in  his  own  defence,  but  he  happened  to  kill  another  cloee  to  him, 
equally  forward  in  the  tumult.  The  seijeant  observing  that  tha 
captain  had  missed  the  man  he  aimed  at,  received  ordera  to  fire  at 
him,  which  he  did,  and  killed  him.  By  this  time  the  impetuoaity 
of  the  Indians  was  somewhat  repressed.  They  fell  back  in  a 
body,  and  seemed  staggered;  but  being  pushed  on  by  those  be- 
hmd,  they  returned  to  the  charge,  and  poured  a  volley  of  stones 
among  the  marines,  who  without  waitinir  for  orders,  returned  it 
with  a  general  discharge  of  musketry.  This  was  instantly  follow- 
ed by  a  fire  from  the  boats.  Captain  Cook  waved  his  hand  to  the 
boats,  and  called  to  them  to  cease  firing,  and  to  come  nearer  in 
to  receive  the  marines.  The  officer  in  the  pinnace  iaamediately 
brought  that  veaael  as  close  to  the  riiore  as  he  conlid,  notwith- 
standing the  showers  of  stones  that  fell  amon^  hia  P^opl*;  but 
the  lieutenant  who  commanded  in  the  launch,  instead  of  pulling 
in  to.  the  assistance  of  Captain  Cook,  withdrew  his  boat  fhrther 
off,  at  the  venr  moment  that  every  thing  seems  to  have  depended 
upon  the  timely  exertions  of  those  in  the  boats.  By  his  own  ae- 
eount,  he  mistook  the  signal:  but  be  that  aa  it  may,  this  cireua>* 
stance  appears  to  have  decided  the  fatal  turn  of  the  aflUr,  and  to 
have  removed  evenr  chanbe  which  remained  with  Captain  Cbok 
of  Mcaping  with  his  lifo.  The  marinea  several  timea  fired  upon 
tfie  crowd,  but  to  little  purpoae,  for  the  Indiana  soon  maned 
among  them,  and  forced  tnem  into  the  water  where  four  of  them 
were  Killed.  Captain  Cook  waa  now  the  only  Englishman  ro- 
mahiing  on  shore.  He  was  observed  to  be  making  towards  tha 
pinnace,  holding  his  left  hand  against  the  back  of  his  head,  to 

fuard  it  from  the  stones  which  were  thrown  at  him,  and  carrying 
M  musket  under  his  other  arm.  An  Indian  was  seen  following 
him,  but  with  caution  and  timidity;  for  he  stopned  once  or  twice, 
aa  if  uiMletermined  to  proceed.  At  last  he  aavanced  upon  him 
nnawarea,  and  with  a  large  club,  or  common  stake,  gave  him  a 
blow  on  the  back  of  the  nead,  and  then  precipitately  retreated. 
The  stroke  iMmed  to  have  stvnnod  Oaptun  Cook:  he  staggarad 
a  few  paeaa^ea  fell  on  hia  hand  and  one  ktiee.  and  droppMl  Ua 
Biiiakat.  Aa  ha  Iraa  riaing,  and  before  ha  oould  recover  his  feat, 
aaaftitf  Mian  stabbed  him  in  the  back  of  tha  neck  with  an  iron 
4UillMr.    Ha  then  fell  into  the  water.  In  a  plaoa  wbara.  it  m» 


m^- 


MMP 


IM 


OJOTUM 


•boat  knee  deep;  and  othere  inunedietely  crowded  upon  hun,  eji 

•ndeaTored  to  &eep  faim  under;  but,  etraghng  very  ■to««»y^'3* 

Sem.  he  got  hi.  he«l  up,  «id  casting  hw  looj  toward,  the jaj 

Zc;.  aimed  to  «Hicit  a«i«tance.    Though  the  boat  was  jet 

■bove  6»e  or  six  yarde  dtotant  from  hun,  yet  from  the  crowded 

2d  S>n&Ud\ta«e  of  the  crew,  H  .eem.  it  wa.  ?ot  in  the,r  power 

to  Mve  him     The  Indiana  got  him  under  again,  but  in  deeper 

SJjr  He  wa..  however,  able  to  «t  hi.  bead  up  once  more; 

uS.  being  ataioit  .pent  in  the  rtruggle,  he  nrtorally  t'lrned  tothe 

,ook,andrwa.  endeavoring  to  wPP<>rt*»»««»f  »>y  >».  r**"  ■;*«^ 

^Mve  him  a  blow  idth  a  chib,  and  he  wa.  .een  alive  no  more. 

■niey  hauled  him  up  lifelew  on  the  rock.,  where  they  Momed  to 

take  a  wivage  pleaaure  in  uung  every  po.«ble  bajbanty  to  hi.  dead 

body.  .natShiii  the  dagger,  out  of  each  other',  hand.,  to  have  the 

Eomd  MttefiicSon  of  forcing  the  faUen  victim  of  their  barbarona 


DMIkarOaVtoteOoek. 

raMt  and  after  they  had  thu.  glutted  tiieir  revenge,  they  earned 
It  off  in  trittnph.    Captain  Gierke,  who  mieceeded  to  the  com- 

of  Captain  CooV;  but  hi.  bone,  only  could  be  obtained,  and  th««e 
were  iSmitted  to  the  deep,  amidet  the  heartfelt  grief  of  all  who 

In^hia  mannew.'Captain  Cook  waa plain,  (wnple,  and  wanlv. 
He  WM  an  excerfenlTariiand  and  ftt&er.  a^iimn*  •»?<  ^••'y 
Sir  Hie  benevolence  ttd  humanity  of  ^ta  ^pojition  w«^ 

MOttllnr.y  remarkable.    They  were  •PP^^.  t»Jt  *"?*23u 
Vutmm,  thNttgh  all  kia  voyagaa;  and  fron  kit  condnet  t^«fr« 


mfmm^mmm 


OATTAIK  «MK. 


18o 


1  apoB  hiiBt  wl 
try  Mongly  wikk 
owards  the  j^iOr 
le  boat  WM  wd, 
>inthe  orowdad 
>t  in  their  power 
,  but  in  deeper 
up  once  more; 
iHyt'imedtotbe; 

it,  when  tt-Mir^ 

A  alive  no  more. 

they  seemed  to 

>arity  to  hii  dead 

ands,  tohavethe 

their  barbaroof 


enge,  they  carried 
eeded  to  the  com- 
ioover  the  remains 
obtained,  and  thein 
It  grief  of  all  who 

imple,  and  nanly. 
iaoMf*  and  steady 
B  ^y^potition  were 
ftomnb  treatnent 
kcondnettowtirfhi 


til*  natiToe  of  aU  the  countriea  which  were  discorered  bjhm. 
The  SSJ.  the  ccnvenience.  and.  a.  far  a.  it  could  be  •f«"2ij 
rt.«  iniovment  of  those  under  his  command,  were  the  constant 
?M  Jti  o?Us  atteiiSm:  and  he  was  inTariably  anxious  to  amelior- 
S  Se  coSition  of  theinhabiltoU  of  the  sereral  W«»d.  jmd 
I  -  -K!^irhl»  visited  WHh  re«ard  to  their  thierenes,  he  can- 
5X.^^^i.«S  for  id  oVerloSfed  many  offence,  which  others 
llffii^JSnishJdjwdwh^^^ 
r.  of  wve^SrS:  Uer  exerted  them  without  reluctance  «.d 

""Wth  respect  to  his  talents,  they  were  ««»»»*»»»i5«^?»irJS 
useflil  kindr  He  had  a  capacious  and  oenetratmg  """^^•°i  »" 
hU  designs  were  «5cordingly  bold  an.[  extensive.  Wh«»JJ~« 
SJre  fomed,  he  never  expressed  a  doubt  respectmg  th«»' •«•«"- 
Sr  for  the  same  perspicuity  and  orderly  arranaemsnt  of  thoujht 
which  enabled  him  to  iSnnthe  desigmi.aU  ««&»«;  h™  todevije 

J?  Vhe  constitution  of  his  body,  which  was  >»«"*»»  |"J«''  "jj 
capable  of  supporting  the  greatest  firt««««  "«*  .''"^•°*??:^^; 
SSTtio^  ti  a  <S«i«m£ate  acquaintance  with  «««JJ»«°.  fj^ 
Cook  possessed  a  knowledge  of  tHher  sciences.  J"  «>y"P«7' 
JhrMaoTof  his  mind  rose  above  the  disadvantages  of  a  very 
confined  educSioT  H»  progress  in  the  ^E'-f^^JHTent 
mathenittiei.  and  particularly  In  •rt~n?»);^'»*«'^f  "h?S!21 

SX  at  length.  »••  *"  '^>''  »f  *'*l*'*'  *•■*  ^'VVI^iS^i,  K 
sarv  observations  of  this  kind,  in  the  course  of  his  »«y«8«'-    "« 

atti^  Ukewise.  to  such  a  de|rs.  of  ^"12  to  fxwc^ 
learning,  and  in  the  art  of  compo&ion.  as  to  «>•  .■"•  J^^^'J" 
w3?;ith  a  ««Uy  cle«rness  a»d  P'JP^-JJvJ'iJ*  5?««S  ^ 
soectable  as  the  narrator,  as  well  as  the  Pf "'»"'*«''.  "'.f'v*  JT^ 
E  Another  trait,  which  waa  pecuUarly  ""-P^"*".  "  Ij 
ch««.t.r  of  CapUin  Cook,  was  ^^.P-.'^'"""  ^*J  "^i'^fi 
Dursued  the  noble  objects  to  which  his  Irfe  was  devotea.  »J^ 
KT^Mselv  ever  haj  an  equal,  and  never  a  superior.     NoAln| 

whiflh  would  have  deterred  minds  even  of  considftrabie  mrennn 
Tnd  fir^H  In  stature  he  is  described  to  have  been  somewBat 
SJvJTc'JmnSlitiJe";  and.  though  •  ^J^J  J-'S'"^":^^*  rs 
plain  both  in  address  and  appearance.  ^ZrViS^^'£l 
kJl;  which  was  a  dark  brown,  he  wore  tied  behind.  Mis  lace 
wi'fdTof  e"piI«ion;  hi.  nose  ««•<»»«'? 'iV^^Sl' J^ 
r«M  wWeh  were  snail,  and  of  a  brown  oasT,  w«re  quick  ana 
?iSli.  idhUe^Xiw.  prominent;  which  i|ve  to  his  count.- 


aMMHife 


•Mm 


106 


OAtTAnr  «00K. 


oance  altogether  an  air  of  aueterity.  lathe  rear  178t  he 
married  an  amiable  and  desenring  woman.  Hei  had  br  her  w* 
children,  but  of  these  three  sons  onlj  survived  him.  Ivey  were 
aU  brought  up  in  the  naval  service.  O^e  of  them  was  lost  in  a 
hurricane  at  sea,  and  the  other  two  fell  honorahly  in  the  cause  of 
their  country.  On  the  widow  a  pension  of  two  hundred  pounds 
a  year  for  her  life,  and  on  each  of  the  sons  a  pension  of  twaatjr^ 
five  pounds  a  year  was  settled  by  the  British  goverumea^ 


If ARRATIVE    OF   EVENTS  WHICH    OCCUBllBD    8U1WJ!. 
QUENTLY  TO  THE  DEATH  OP  CAPTAIN  COOK. 

'  Ailcr  Captain  Clerke,  upon  whom  the  conmiand  of  the  expedi- 
tion devolved,  had  left  the  fatal  island  of  Owhyhee,  he  considered 
it  his  duty  to  endeavor  to  execute  the  plans  of  discovery  that  had 
been  laid  down  by  his  lamented  predecessor.  He  consequeatlT 
coasted  several  others  of  the  Sandwich  fiends;  and  finally  left . 
^em  on  the  15th  of  March,  1779.  The  ships  now  proceeded 
towards  Kamtschatka;  and,  in  their  course,  the  Resolution  sprung 
a  leak  so  bad,  that  at  one  time  the  whole  space  between  the  decks 
was  deluged  with  water.  On  the  twenty-third  the  mountains  of 
Kamtschatka,  covered  with  snow,  were  within  view.  The  weath- 
er was  now  so  severe,  that  the  ship  appeared  like  a  complete  mass 
of  ice,  and  the  rigging  was  so  incrusted  with  it,  that  the  different 
ropes  were  more  flian  double  their  usual  thickness. 

Two  days  after  the  discovenr  of  Kamtschatka,  when  off  the  en- 
trance of  Awatska  Bay,  the  Kesolution  Ipst  sight  of  the  Discov- 
ery. The  Resolution  entered  (he  bapr,  and  soon  afterwards  the 
town  of  Petropaulowski  was  within  view.  It  consisted  of  a  few 
miserable  log-houses,  and  some  conical  huts  raised  on  poles, 
amountine  in  aU  to  about  thirty;  yet  here  the  voyagers  were  re- 
ceived and  treated  with  feelings  of  humanity,  jomed  to  a  great- 
ness of' mind  and  elevation  or  sentiment  which  would  have  done 
honor  to  anv  nation.  On  the  1st  of  Mvr  the  Diibovory  also 
entered  the  harbor.  On  the  6th  of  July  tne  navigators  paiiMd 
through  Behring's  Straits.  They  first  sailed  along  the  Aaiatio 
const,  and  then  stretched  over  to  that  of  Amerioa,  with  a  view  of 
exploring  the  sea  between  the  latitudes  of  sixty-eight  and  sixty- 
nine  degrees.  Byt  in  this  attempt  thev  were  diaappoiated;  on  tM 
7th  their  farther  progress  was  stopped  by  a  large  and  compact  field 
of  ioe  connected  with  the  land. 

At  one  time,. in  attempting  to  penetrate  towards  the  north-west, 
Ihe  Discovery  was  in  a  very  dangerous  situation.     She  became 


nnn«iaw>(F««<lNMM 


cuiTAnr  oooK. 


19T 


net  he 

le  had  br  her  ta 

him.    liiey  were 

liem  WM  loat  in  a 

blyinthecauMof 

»haiidred  pounda 

'onoftwentf- 

loveruoMBf 


UBSED    8UB8L 
'ASN  COOK. 

land  of  the  expedi- 
rhee,  be  considered 
discovery  that  had 

He  consequentir 
ids;  and  finall/Ieft 
ips  now  proceeded 
I  Resolution  sprung 
)  between  the  decks 

the  mountains  of 
view.  The  wealh- 
ike  a  complete  niaas 
it,  that  the  different 
less. 

»,  when  off  the  ea- 
ght  of  the  Diacov- 
oon  afterwards  the 
consisted  of  a  few 
is  raised  on  poles, 
voyagers  were  re- 
jomed  to  a  great- 
ih  would  have  done 
he  Oiiboverjr  also 
navigators  parted 
along  the  Asiatio 
ioa,  wHh  a  view  of 
ty-eight  and  sixtv- 
isappointed;  ontha 
B  MM  compact  field 

ids  the  north-west, 
ion.    She  becama 


ae  entangled  by  sevend  laigr  pieces  of  ice,  thai  her  way  was 
■topped,  and  she  suffered  much  iigury.  A  change  of  wind,  how- 
ever taking  place  in  the  afternoon,  the  ice  began  to  separate, 
and  the  navigators,  setting  all  their  mUs,  forced  a  passage  through 
it. 

On  the  3l8t  they  repassed  Behring's  Straits.  Captain  Clarke's 
health  now  rapidly  declined.  On  the  17th  of  August,  he  was  no 
longer  able  to  rise  from  his  bed;  and  five  days  afterwards  he  died 
of  a  consumption,  which  had  commenced  before  he  left  England, 
anc  of  which  he  had  lingered  during  the  whole  voyage.  The 
command  of  the  expedition  now  devolved  upon  Captam  Ciore, 
who  removed  into  the  Resolution,  and  appointed  Mr.  King  to 
the  command  of  the  Discovenr.  The  body  of  Captain  Clarke 
was  interred  near  the  town  of  Petropaulowski,  on  Sunday,  the 
39th,  with  all  the  solemnity  and  honors  which  the  voyagera  could 
bestow. 

On  the  12th  of  October  they'lost  sight  of  Kamtschatka.  In 
the  forenoon  of  the  29th  of  November,  the  ships  passed  several 
Chinese  fishing-boats;  and  the  sea  was  covered  with  the  wrecks 
of  boats  that  had  been  lost,  as  it  was  conjectured,  in  the  late 
boisterous  weather.  The  navigators  were  now  in  latitude  S3 
deg.  one  min.  south.  On  the  following  day,  they  ran  along  the 
Lema  Islands,  and  took  a  Chinese  pilot  on  board;  and  at  8 
o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the  1st  of  I>ecemb«r  they  anchored  at 
the  distance  of  three  leagues  from  Macao.  Captain  King  was 
sent  to  Canton  to  obtain  supplies  of  provisions  and  stores. 

On  account  of  the  war  between  England  and  America,  and 
with  France  and  Spain  as  her  allies,  of  which  the  navigators  re- 
ceived intelligence  at  Canton,  they  put  themselves  in  the  best 
posture  of  defence  that  they  were  able;  in  the  Resolution  they 
mounted  sixteen  gaps,  ttai  in  the  Discovery  ten.  They  had 
reason,  however,  to  believe,  from  the  generosity  of  their  ene- 
nues,  that  these  precautions  were  superfluous;  for  they  were 
informed  that  instructions  had  been  found  on  board  all  the 
French  ships  of  war  captured  in  Europe,  directing  their  com- 
manders, in  case  of  falling  in  with  the  snipe  that  sailed  under  the 
command  of  Captain  Cook,  to  suffer  them  to  proceed  without 
molestation ;  .and  the  aame  orders  were  also  .paid  to  have  been 

S'ven  by  the  American  Congress  in  the  vessels  emploved  in 
eir  service.  In  return  for  these  liberal  concessions.  Captain 
Oore  resolved  to  refrain  from  availing  himseUT  of  any  opportuni- 
ties of  capture,  and  to  preserve,  throughout  -the  remunder  of 
the  voyage,  the  strictest  neutrality. 

On  the  12th  of  January,  1780,  the  navigator*  , cot  under  aail 
from  Macao;  on  the  19th,  they  saw  Pulo  La^|&.  and  on  the 
SOth,  deacried  Pulo  Condore,  and  anchored  in  thf^  juurbor  at  the 
aoQth^west  end  of  the  island.  The  navigators  retAtintd  at  Polo 
Condor*  till  the  38th  of  January,  when  they  unmoomd,  and  pro- 
•  18« 


lae 


•urrsRiifGt  or  BTHmAix  bow. 


eMd«d  dn  th«ir  homcwud  paMMge^  passiog  through  tho  Straka 
of  Bonca,  and  Sunda,  without  any  occurrence  worthy  of  partieu 
lar  remark.  On  the  18th  of  Februanr  they  left  the  Sti^^iti  of 
Souda.  In  the  night,  between  the  25th  and  26th,  they  experi* 
enced  a;riolent  ■torm,  during  which  almost  every  saU  they  had 
b«nl  was  iii>lit  to  rags;  and  the  next  day  tbey  were  obliged  to 
bond  their  last  set  of  sails,  and  to  knot  and  splice  the  rigging, 
their  cordage  being  all  expended. 

On  the  7th  of  April,  they  saw  the  land  of  Africa;  M  the  ever 
ning  of  the  12th,  they  dropped  anchor  in  False  Bay,  and  the 
next  morning  stood  into  Simon's  Bay,  at  the  Cape  of  Good 
Hope.  They  sailed  out  of  the  Bav  on  the  9th,  and  on  the  19th 
of  June,  they  passed  the  equator  for  the  fourth  time  during  the 
voyage.  On  the  12th  of  August  they  made  the  western  coast  of 
Ireland,  and,  after  a  fruitless  attempt  to  put  into  Port  Oalway, 
they  were  obliged,  by  strong  southerly  winds,  to  steer  northward; 
and  on  the  26th  of  August,  both  the  ships  came  to  anchor  at 
Stromness  in  the  Orkneys,  whence  Captain  Kina  was  despatched 
by  Captain  Gore,  to  acquaint  the  Board  of  Admiralty  of  their 
arrivd.  On  the  1st  of  Oetober,  the  ships  arrived  safe  at  the 
Nore,  after  an  absence  of  four  years,  two  months,  and  twenty- 
two  days. 


SUFFERINGS  QF  EFHRAIM  HOW. 

Oil  the  3Sth  of  August,  1676,  Mr.  Ephraim  How,  of  New 
Haven,  in  New  England,  with  his  two  eldest  sons*^  one  Bfr. 
Angor;  Caleb  Jones,  son  to  Mr.  William  Jone«,  one  of  the 
magistrates  of  New  Have^;  and  a  boy;  six  persons  in  all;  set 
mIT  from  New  Haven  for  Boston,  in  a  small  ketch,  of  about 
seventeen  toes.  .  <.     » 

'Having  despatched  his  business  there,  he  sailed  for  New 
Haven  on  the  10th  of  September,  but  was  forced  back  to  Boston 
by  contrary  winds.  Here  Mr.  How  was  seized  with  a  violent 
flax,  which  continued  ncDurly  a  month;  many  being  at  that  time 
sick,  and  somie  dying  of  the  same. 

Being  in  some  degree  restored  to  health,  he  acain  sailed  from 
BoKton,  October  10.  They  went  with  a  fair  wind  as  fiur  as  Cape 
Cod:  but  on  a  sirfden  the  weather  became  verv  tempestuous,  so 
that  thev  could  not  pass  the  Cape,  but  were  driven  off  to  sea, 
where  tney  were  in  sreat  danger,  experiencing  terrible  storms, 
with  outrageous  winds  and  seas. 

His  eldest  son  fell  sick  and  died  about  the  Slst;  soon  after  his 
qther  son  was  taken  in  and  died  also.  This  was  a  bitter  cup  to 
$0  poor  flither,  for  these  youths  were  his  only  assistants  In 


^ 


trough  tha  StraiU 
rorthy  of  partieu 
»ft  the  Stguts  of 
36th,  thej  experi* 
nrj  sail  they  had 
were  obliged  to 
plice  the  rigging, 

rica;  jd  the  eve? 
dse  Bay,  and  the 
le  Cape  of  Good 
li,  and  on  the  13th 
li  time  during  the 
)  western  coast  of 
ito  Port  Oalway, 
0  steer  northward; 
ame  to  anchor  at 
as  was  despatched 
Admiralty  of  their 
rrived  safe  at  the 
ntiis,  and  twenty- 


HOW. 

m  How,  of  New 
St  sons;  one  Mr. 
lone*,  one  of  the 
persons  in  all;  set 
b  ketch,  of  about 

e  sailed  for  New 
ed  back  to  Boston 
Eod  with  a  violent 
leing  at  that  time 

I  aoain  sailed  from 
rind  as  far  aa  Gape 
ry  teiaapestuous,  so 
driven  off  to  sea, 
ig  terrible  storms, 

tlst;  soon  after  his 

was  a  bitter  cup  to 

only  assistants  lb. 


sovmniTM  ov  wmktm  mw. 

working  the  vessel.    Soon  •ftirlCaleb  Jones  dt«d,  so  that  hdf 
the  company  were  now  no  more. 

Mr.  liow  continued  in  a  very  sickly  and  weak  state.  ?•»  ^m 
ue^itated  to  «t«id  at  the  helm  twenty-four  and  }^^T*«^^^ 
SJcther.  During  this  tii"e  the  sea  was  «>  boirterous  asfi*- 
n?ently  to  break  over  the  vessel,  that  if  he  had  ^J^^^ 
?«rt  he  must  have  been  washed  overboard.  I«  t^»  «J'*^Jl 
he  was  at  a  loss  in  his  own  thought.,  whether  he  Jo"*^  P«J«J 
in  endeavoring  to  make  for  *»»•  N^'^^?"**'^.*"^;  •'JJ?" 
away  for  thel.uthem  Islands.  Upon  his  P"*?^"**' '^^f"*^ 
to  ^r.  Augur,  they  determined,  according  to  the  custom  of  some 
in  those  tiLs.  to  decide  this  difficult  case  by  castuig  lots.  They 
(ltd  8o  and  it  fell  upon  New  England. 

Nea^^aboutthe^th  of  November  they  lost  their  rudder,  i» 
that  uow  their  only  dependence  was  upon  Providence  InA» 
deplorable  state  they  drove  up  and  down  for  *£'*™8'»»  ~'»«?,'; 
Du^ring  the  last  six  weeks,  the  poor  infirm  Mr  How  was  hard^ 
ever  d!y.  nor  had  he  the  benefit  of  warm  food  above  thnce  or 

^''aE  kwth.  about  the  2l8t  pf  November  early  in  A*  "orajof. 
the  vess^  was  driven  on  th*  tailings  of  a  ledge  ot  '<?«»». '^Jere 
the  sea  broke  violently.  Looking  out  they  saw  a  ^mal  rocky 
island  to  thesleeward,  upon  wWch,  flf  P~vide«e  had  "gb/  »«2 
breakers  oivel  them  timely  warning,  they  had  been  dashed  to 
pieces.  They  immediately  let  go  an  anchor,  and  got  out  ttj 
boat  and  the  sea  became  calm.  The  boat  proving  leaky,  and 
They  bSng  in  great  terror,  they  took  but  little  out  of  the  Vetch, 
but  got  on  shore  as  they  could.  u  — .      i»  ...  . 

Here  they  could  discover  neither  man  nor  beast,  it  was  a 
smdl.  rocky,  desolate  island,  pear  Cape  S.ble.jtt.e  Southern 
extremity  of  Nova  Scotia.  They  now  appeared  to  be  in  gtwt 
3S«r  of  being  starved  to  death,  but  the  •^•«™ J^-'W^^ 
rSolentfy  up?n  the  vessel,  as  it  still  tav  at^«»c»»or.  that  it  was 
stove  to  pieces,  and  several  things  floated  to  the  "hore. 
*The  fSlowing  articles  were  Jl  they  had  toward.  tl««^ 
suDOort:— a  cask  of  gunpowder,  which  received  no  damage  from 
ZwateTTa  barrel *of  Jine;  hdf  a  barrel  of  ^^^.'^^ 
usefiil  articles  towards  building  a  tent:  aU  the  above  ^^^^^ 
the  wreck i  besides  which  they  had.  firearms  and  shot;  a  pot 
for  baling;  and  most  probrfily  other  thhigs  not  mentioned  in  the 

"*T£ir'tent  was  soon  erected,  for  the  cold  was  now  geUinj 
«vere,  but  new  and  great  distres«)s  •"«»«>•'»*>>•"•/«' *?."«to 
Sey  hi:  arm.  and  .Anunition.  there  ^''f  .«*"<»"  »»/  J'^  ^ 
be  seen,  except  erow.  raven.,  and  wagulls.  These  were  » 
fhr  thi^  they  cooM  .eldom  dioot  more  than  one  rt  a  time. 
SSiy  ttoe.  half  a  fowl,  with  the  liquor  it  wj.  foiled  i«,jtori2d 
forVmeal  for  all  three     Once  they  liv*d  five  day.  without  any 


MO 


MM  BMAM  nOMOM  TUM  OABm-WimOWt. 


inalcnanoe,  bat  did  not  feel  thenmlTM  pinehed  with  hmupr  m 
at  other  times:  which  thej  esteemed  a  special  favor  of  HeaTea 
unto  them. 

.  When  they  had  lived  in  this  miserable  condition  twelve  weeks, 
Mr.  How's  dear  friend  and  companion,  Mr.  Aogor,  died,  dk>iit 
thr  middle  of  February,  1677;  so  that  he  had  none  left  to  con- 
verse with  but  the  lad,  who  likewise  departed  on  the  3d  of  April. 

Mr.  How  was  now  the  sole  inhabitant  of  this  desolate  spot 
daring  April,  May,  and  June,  and  saw  fishing  vessels,  aver^ 
now  uid  then,  sailing  by;  some  of  which  came  even  nearer  to 
the  island  than  that  whiqir'at  last  took  him  off.  He  used  all  *he 
roeaBs  in  hu  power  to  tikake  them  acquaiitfed  with  his  distreas; 
but  they  either  did  not  see  him,  or  were  afraid  to  approach  close 
to  the  island,  lest  some  of  those  Indians  should  be  quartered 
there,  who  were  at  that  time  in  hostility  against  the  English,  vix. 
the  North-East  Indians,  who  held  out  after  the  death  of  the  fin 
mous  Philip,  king  of  the  WonqNuoags. 

At  length  a  vessel  belonging  to'  Satem,  in  New  England,  provi> 
dentially  pused  by,  and  seeing  this  poor  fellow,  they  sent  their 
boat  on  snore,  and  took  him  away.  He  had  been  on  the  Island 
more  than  seven  toonths,  and  above  a  q^uarter  of  a  year  by  himself. 
On  the  18th*  of  July  he  arrived,  at  Salem,  and  at  last  retamed  to 
his  family  at  New  Haven.  They  for  a  twelvemonth  hpd  supposed 
him  dead;  by  which  it  appemrs  he  did  not  get  home  till  tne  end 
of  August,  or  perhaps  later. 


AN  ESCAPE  THROUGH  THE  CABIN-WINDOWS. 

In  the  year  18— ,  said  Capt.  M— — ,  I  was  bound,  in  ate* 
stout  ship  of  about  four  hundred  tons  burden,  from  the  port  of 
P<>—  to  Liverpool.  The  ship  had  a  valuable  cargo  on  board  and 
about  ninety  thousand  didlars  m  specie.  I  bad  Men  prevented, 
by  other  urgent  business,  from  givinf  much  of  nqr  attention  to  the 
vessel  while  loadinc  and  Equipping  fw  the  voyage,  but  was  vary 
particular  in  my  erections  to  the  chief  mate,  in  whooa  I  had 
great  confidence,  he  haviiw  sailed  with  me  ooom  years,  to  avoid 
entering,  if  pc»iible,  any  but  nitfive  American  seimen.  When 
we  were  about  to  sail,  he  informed  me  that  he  had  not  been  able 
to  comply  with  my  directions  entirely  in  this  particidar;  but  bad 
ahippea  two  foreigners  as  seamen,  one  a  native  of  Ouemsey,  and 
the  other  a  Frenenman  from  Brittany.  I  was  pleased,  however, 
with  (he  appearance  of  the  crew  generally,  and  partieahurly  wiA 
tiM  foreigners.  They  were  botfi  stootand  d»le-oedied meii,  and 
were  pamcularly  alert  and  attentive  to  orden. 


MWt. 


All  M«A>B  mBOOOB  TU  OABtM-WIHMWI. 


Ml 


witkhaiMr  m 
favor  of  HoavMi 

on  twelre  weeks, 
Dgur,  itiied,  dk>at 

none  left  to  con« 
I  the  Sd  of  April, 
lis  desolate  spe< 
g  vessels,  ever^ 
le  even  nearer  to 

He  used  all  *Im 
rith  his  distress; 
to  wproach  elose 
lid  DO  quartered 
the  English,  via. 
e  death  of  the  fit- 

w  England,  provi- 
w,  they  sent  their 
sen  on  the  island 
a  year  bj  himself. 
It  last  returned  to 
»nth  hpid  supposed 
hoBse  till  tne  end 


f-WINDOWS. 

IS  bound,  in  a  fine 
from  the  port  of 
largo  on  board  and 
i  Men  prevented, 
ny  attention  to  the 
■ge,  but  was  veijr 
I,  in  whoa  I  had 
DO  years,  to  avoid 
t  seAmen.  When 
had  not  been  able 
tartieidar;  but  had 
of  Ouemsoy,  and 
pleased,  howevwr|p» 
I  particnlarlv  wiik 
•Mied  OMB.  and 


l^e  passage  eonuneneed  auspiciously,  ud  promised  to  be  a 
speedy  one,  as 'we  took  a  fine  steady  westerly  wind  soon  after  we 
lost  soundinss.  To  my  great  sorrow  and  uneasiness,  Isoon  dis- 
eovered  in  the  foreigners  a  change  of  conduct  for  the  worse. 
Tbiy  becaine  insolent  to  the  mates  and  appeared  to  be  frequently 
under  the  excitement  of  liquor,  and  had  evidently  acquired  an  un- 
due influence  with  the  rest  of  the  men.  Their  intemperance  soon 
became  intolerabloi  and  as  it  was  evident  that  they  had  brought 
liquor  on  board  with  them,  I  determined  upon  searching  the  fore- 
castle and  depriving  them  of  it.  An  order  to  this  effect  was  given 
to  the  mates,  and  they  were  directed  to  go  about  its  execution 
mihlly  and  firmly,  tanng  no  arms  with  them  as  they  seemed  in- 
elined  to  do,  but  to  give  every  chest,  birth  and  locker  in  the  fore- 
eastle  a  thorough  examination;  and  htiag  aft  to  the  cabin  any 
spirits  they  might  find. 

It  was  not  without  much  anxiety  that  I  sent  them  forward  upon 
this  duty.  I  remained  upon  the.  quarter  deck  myself,  ready  to  go 
to  their  aid,  should  it  be  necessary.  In  a  few  moments,  a  loud 
and  «nffry  dispute  was  succeeded  by  a  sharp  scuffle  around  the 
fereeastie  companion-way.  The  steward,  at  my  call,  handed  mt 
loaded  pistols  from  the  cabin,  and  with  them  I  hastened  fbrwaro. 
The  Frenchman  had  grappled  tho  second  mate,  who  was  a  mere 
lad,  by  the  throat,  thrown  him  across  the  heel  of  the  bowsprit, 
and  was  apparently  determined  to  lirangle  him  to  death.  The 
chief  mate  was  calling  for  assistance  firom  below,  where  he  was 
struggling  with  the  Gnems«gr  man.  The  rest  of  the  crew  were  in- 
different spectators,  but  rather  encouragina  the  foreigners  than 
otherwise.  I  presented  a  pistol  at  the  bead  of  the  Frenchman, 
and  ordered  him  to  release  the  second  mate,  v^ich  he  instant^ 
did.  I  then  ordered  him  into  the  fbretop,  and  the  others,  who 
were  near,  into  the  maintop,  none  to  come  down  under  pain  of 
death,  until  ordered.  The  steward  had  by  this  time  brought 
another  pair  of  pistob,  with  which  I  armed  the  second  mate,  di- 
reetiiur  him  to  remain  on*  deck ;  and  went  below  into  the  forecasde 
nqrselL  I  found  that  the  chief  mate  had  been  slightly  wounded 
in  two  places  by  the  knife  of  his  antagonist,  who,  however,  ceased 
to  resist  as  1  made  my  appearance,  and  we  immediately  secured 
him  in  irons.  The  search  was  now  made,  and  a  quantity  of  limor 
flnuid  and  taken  to  the  cabin.  The  rest  of  the  men  were  tMn 
called  down  from  the  tops,  and  the  Frenchman  waiTmade  the  com- 
panion of  his  coadiutor's  confinement.  I  then  expostulated,  at 
some  lencth,  wiUi  the  others  upon  their  improper  and  insubordi- 
■ate  oooduct,  and  upon  the  readiness  with  which  they  had  suiP- 
tend  themselves  to  be  drawn  into  such  courses  by  two  rasonlly 
ftwignars,  and  expressed  hopes  that  I  shonld  have  no  reason  mt 
tuHhm  eoowlaint  during  the  rest  of  the  voyage.  Tliis  remott- 
(NnoM  I  liwmht  iwd  afbct,  m  tbaj  wfftmfi  ooMrilt  Mi 


4 


^•j,. ,  .-i^sfssi-S'^l^"; 


14 


A»  BMAra  TiaMMHi  nU  CAMN-WUUMWl. 


pr«NDMed  aiBMidaMiit.    Thmj  w«ra  Umb  dianiawd,  ud  ofdtr  was 
rMtored. 

'  The  n«xt  day  the  fbreigiien  ■trongly  eolieited  pardon,  with  the 
moat  eoleBin  proauaea  of  future  good  OMtduct;  aod  aa  the  reat  of 
the  crew  joined  in  their  recineat,  i  ordered  that  their  hrona  dJMd 
be  taken  off.  For  aeveral  daya  the  dutiea  of  the  abip  were  per- 
fomed  to  my  entire  latufiution;  but  I  could  diaoover  in  tiie 
countenancea  of  the  foreignera,  expreaaiona  of  deep  and  ran- 
coroua  aninoaity  to  the  chief  mate,  who  waa  a  prompt,  energetic 
aeaman,  requiring  from  the  aailora,  at  all  timea,  ready  and  implicit 
obedience  to  hiaordera. 

A  week  perhapa  had  paaaed  over  in  thia  way,  when  one  night, 
in  the  mid  watch,  all  handa  were  called  to  ahorten  aail.  Ordiuiri- 
ly  upon  oceaaiona  of  thia  kind,  the  duty  waa  c<mducted  by  the  mate, 
but  I  now  went  upon  deck  myaelf  and  gave  ordera*  aending 
him  upon  the  ferecaatle.  The  night  waa  dark  and  equally;  but 
the  aca  waa  not  high,  and  the  amp  waa  running  off  about  nine 
knota,  with  the  wind  upon  the  atarboard  quarter.  The  weather 
being  very  unpromising,  the  aecond  reef  waa  takeh  in  the  fbce  and 
main  topaaila,  the  misen  handed  and  the  fore  and  mizen  top  gal' 
lairt  yarda  sent  down.  This  done,  one  watch  waa  permitted  to 
go  below,  and  I  prepared  to  betake  myself  to  my  birth  again,  di- 
recting the  mate,  to  whom  I  wished  to  give  some  orders,  should 
be  sent  to  me.  To  my  ^|^er  astonidiment  and  consternation, 
word  waa  brought  me,  after  a  Aort  time,  that  he  waa  no  where 
t«i  be  finind.  F  hastened  upon  deck,  ordered  all  handa  ujk  agun, 
and  queationed  erery  man  m  the  ahip  upon  the  subject;  but  they, 
with  one  accord,  declared  that  they  had  not  aeen  the  mate  for- 
ward. Lantema  were  then  brought,  and  CTcrx  accessible  part 
of  the  vessel  waa  UB«vailingly  searched.  I  then,  in  the  hearum 
of  the  whole  crew,  declared  my  belief  that  he  must  have  fidten 
overboard  by  accident,  again  dismissed  one  watch  below,  and  re- 
paired to  the  cab&i,  in  a  state  of  mental  ajptatiim  impossible  te 
oe  deacribed.  For  notwithstanding  the'toj^nion  which  I  had  ea- 
■prassed  to  the  contrary,  I  could  not  but  entertain  strong  ao^i- 
ciwa  that  the  unfortunate  man  had  met  a  violent  death. 

The  second  mate  waa  a  protegee  of  mine;  and,  aa  I  have  be- 
fore observed,  waa  a  very  yonng  man  of  not  mneh  experience  as 
a  seaman.  I  therefore  mt  tint,  under  critical  cirounataneea«<  toy 
main  aupport  had  ftllen  from  me.  It  i»  nasdUas  to  add,  that  a 
deep  sense  of  forlomnesa.and  inaeeurity  waa  the  reault  o^  tbeae 
reflectiona.  ■' 

all  the 
pain 


My  first  step  waa  to  load  and  deposit  in  ny  ttate  room  ■ 
frvrwiaa  oqi  boasd,  anauntiag  to  aeveral  oniaheta  and  four 


of  pfaiola.    The  stewwd  waa  a  ftithfol  SMdatto  man,  who'  had 

with  ma  aeveral  voyagea.    To  hi«i  I  aamnmnieatod  agr 

'    i,'«id  diraolpd  Un  tft  N  MMtMtty  ««iftr<ka  akii: ;  m1 


«WI. 


AN  ItOAPa  THBOCOH  TBI  OABIM  WINDOWI. 


14S 


d,aadQfd«r 


pardon,  with  the 

ad  u  tiM  iMt  of 

heir  hroBS  A«ld 

le  ship  were  per* 

ditcoTer  in  the 

deep  and  ra»- 

prompt,  energetic 

ready  and  inplieit 

,  when  one  night, 
inaail.    Ordinari* 
uotedbjthemate, 
e  ofdera,  lending 
and  sqaaUjr;  but 
ng  off  about  nine 
ter.    The  weather 
keh  in  the  fbie  and 
knd  nizen  top  ■at' 
I  waa  permitted  to 
my  birth  again,  di- 
une  orders,  should 
and  consternation, 
t  he  was  no  where 
lU  hands  ui^aji'un, 
)  subject;  but  thej, 
seen  the  mate  for- 
erx  accessible  part 
hen.  in  the  hearing 
le  must  have  ftUen 
Itch  below,  and  re- 
lation impossible  t* 
on  which  I  had  es- 
srtain  strong  sosp*- 
4nt  death, 
and,  aa  I  have  be- 
■meh  experience  as 
1  ciroanMtanees»<  mjr 
Itees  to  add.  that  a 
the  result  ci  ihem 

f  ttate  room  all  the 
iheta  and  four  pain 
atto  man,  who  had 
[  aammmiicatad  ■gr 
r««Mb«al*ii:v«wl 


should  any  fiirthar  diflieulty  with  the  crew  occur,  to  repair 
diately  to  niy  state  room  and  arm  himself.  His  usual  birth 
in  the  steerage,  but  I  further  directed  that  he  should,  on  the  fol- 
lowins  morning,  clear  out  and  occupy  one  in  the  cabin  near  my 
own. 'The  Acond  m*te  occupiers  small  state  room  opening  into 
the  passage  which  led  from  the  steerage  to  the  cabin.  I  called 
him  from  the  deck,  gave  him  a  pair  of  loaded  pistols,  with  orders 
to  keep  them  in  his  birth ;  and,  during  his  night  watches  on  deck, 
never  to  go  forward  of  the  main  mast,  but  to  continue  as  constant- 
ly as  possible  near  the  cabin  companion-way,  and  call  me  upon 
the  slightest  occasion.  After  this,  I  laid  down  in  my  bed,  oraer- 
ing  that  I  should  be  called  at  fcur  o'clock,  for  the  morning  watch 
Only  a  few  minutes  had  elapsed,  when  I  heard  three  or  four  knocks 
under  the  counter  of  the  ship,  which  is  that  part  of  the  stem  im- 
mediately under  the  cabin  windows.  In  a  minute  or  two  they 
were  distinctly  repeated.  I  afosex^opened  the  cabin  window  and 
called.  2%«  ntaU  omwered! — I  gave  him  the  end  of  a  rope  to  aa- 
sist  him  up,  and  never  shall  I  forget  the  flood  of  gratitude  which 
my  delighted  soul  poured  forth  to  that  Being,  who  had  restored 
lim  to  me  unwi^urM.  His  story  was  soon  told.  He  had  gone 
forward  upon  being  ordered  by  me,  after  the  calling  of  all  hands, 
and  had  barely  reached  the  forecastle,  when  he  was  seized  by  the 
t#o  foreigners,  and  before  he'  could  utter  more  than  one  cry, 
which  was  drowned  in  the  roaring  of  Jhe  winds  and  waves,  waa 
thrown  over  the  bow.  He  was  irpowerfol  man  and  an  excellent 
swimmer.  The  topsails  of  the  ship  were  clewed  down  to  reef,  and 
her  way,  of  course,  considerably  lessened— «nd  in  an  instant,  he 
found  the  end  of  a  rope,  which  was  aociden,  ily  towing  overboard. 
Within  his  grasp,  J>y  which  he  dragged  in  the  dead  water  or  eddy, 
that  is  always  created  under  the  stem  of  a  vessel  while  sailing, 
particularly  if  she  is  full  built  and  deejdy  laden,  as  was  the  case 
with  this.  By  a  desperate  eflbrt,  he  caught  one  of  the  rudder 
chains,  which  was  very  low,  and  drew  himself  by  it  upon  the  step 
or  jog  of  the  rudder,  whete  he  had  sufficient  presence  of  nund  to 
remain  without  calling  out,  until  the  light  had  ceased  to  shine 
throii^h.the  cabin  windows,  when  h«  concluded  that  the  search 
for  him  waa  over.    He  then  made  the  signal  to  me. 

No  being  in  the  ship,  but  myself,  was  apprised  of  his  safety, 
for  the  gale  had  increased  and  completeir  drowned  the  sounds  of 
the  knockins,  opening  the  window,  Uc.  before  they  could  reaeh 
the  quarter  deck;  and  there  was  no  oipe  in  the  cabin  but  our- 
selves, the  steward  having  retired  to  his  birth  in  the  a|eer«ge.  It 
waa  at  once  resolved  that  the  second  itate  only  should  be  mform- 
ed  of  his  existence.  He  .imniediatelT  betook  himself  to  a  lar|ii|e 
vacant  state  room,  and,  for  th*  remainder  of  the  passage,  all  hia 
WMfrta  were  attended  to  by  me.  Even  the  steward  waa  allowed 
to  anter  Ae  cabin  aa  rarely  aa  possible. 

KoChiif  of  note  oomirred-dwring  tha  remaiwhr  of  the  v^qraga, 


■i 


144 


LAMMT  VOS  MMia  MM. 


iriiieli  wai  proaperoat.  It  teened  that  tbc  foraignen  had  ealy 
b«eo  actuated  by  retM^e  in  the  violence  thejr  had  committed;  for 
nothing  further  was  attempted  by  them.  In  die  eeason  we  took 
a  pilot  io  the  channel,  and,  in  a  day  or  two,  entered  the  port  of 
Liverpool.  As  soon  as  the  proper  arrangements  were  nulle,  we 
oommenced  warping  the  ship  into  dock,  and  while  engaged  in  this 
operation,  tlu  Mate  appeared  on  deck,  went  forward,  and  attended  to 
Aw  dutUe  a$  uaual!  A  acene  occurred  which  is  beyond  deecrip- 
tton:  every  feature  of  it  is  at  vivid  in  my  recollection  as  though 
it  occurred  but  yesterday,  and  will  be  to  my  latest  breath.  '  ife 
warp  dropped  from  the  paralysed  hands  of  the  horror-stricken 
sailors,  and  had  it  not  been  taken  up  by  some  boatmen  on  board, 
I  should  have  been  Mraelled  to  anchor  again  and  procure  assist- 
anee  from  the  shorei'Twot  a  word  was  uttered ;  but  the  two  guUt^ 
.wntehes  staggered  to  the  mainmast,  where  they  remained  petn- 
iad  with  horrofi  until  the  officer,  who  had  been  sent  for,  approach- 
ad  to  fake  them  into  custody.  They  then  aeemed  in  a  measure 
to  be  recalled  to  a  sense  of  tiieir  appalling  predicament,  and 
•ttared  the  most  piercing  expressions  of  lamentation  and  despair. 
Thejr  were  soon  tried,^  and  upon  the  testimony  of  the  mat*, 
■■pHally  eonvieted  and  «a$€tiUd. 


LAMBMT  roR  LOMO  TOM. 
Bv  J.  a.  C.  Bbawaro. 


Thy  eralM  u  overasw 


nr  eralM  u  overasw  . 


Hnr  tba  itaim  utMud  that  raer  i 
Daath  Ihm  ■hiksa  oot  ths  sudt  of  d^  dMi. 
Now  aroand  thee  iports  the  whale 
And  the  pofpoiee  aaoA  ths  mie,  ^    % 
the  ni^t  wiade —hB  Ihiiir  waO, 
AstheyfaH. 


i 


Te* 


tkvU 
teaeaUlttel 

ire  nemti 

eoiabfauBorthei 
id  tfiijr  shall  mc^ 
Ovarthse. 


AtflweaDiBcof  an 

'Whsatht^i  ' 


..   t^:.' 


WiUMt  MMUJH, 


reignen  had  o^ 
lad  comnutted;  for 
te  Mason  we  took 
interedthe  port  of 
Dt«  -were  nuiie,  we 
liile  engaged  in  thu 
lard,  and  attended  to 
is  beyond  descrip- 
tUection  as  though 
latest  breath.  '  The 
the  horror-stricken 
( boatmen  on  board, 
1  and  procure  assist- 
l;  butthetwoguUtjr 
hey  remained  petn- 
B  sent  for,  approach- 
lemed  in  a  measure 
g  predicament,  and 
tntation  and  despair, 
timony  of  the  noate, 


Mi  tfes  ssaNi  SBB  Bv  MnB  ■■■■ 


•M#. 


IV  a  oantieal  obMmftoii,  that  wa  mm  mthbi  '^  J"™*  3 
SrV^Ses  of  th.  iiwtli  «•  of  la«lca.    Pa^^ 
MMoth  saaa  had  hHherto  ta«i  our  ewatant  atteadanta,^  *"*  *!^ 
SSjlTlSXm^  t*  r«ider  tha  «e«finy  rt  and  jm«ogg 

lZIj?  Miaa  p  iktOT^to  tlw  latter;  Mr.  1>— ,  a  younf 
laSinfrd  S^S  OJ  i^o  wa.  a  man  of  pta-g^ J-J, 
STSd  liberal  fdeas.  iiid  fiNmad  ao  «^9rT^,V^'^^£& 

SSi'liilgenceoftha0i.  M^k «»' f«^»^J^  2?!? JILSS 
wrsarioi^  Md  in  walkiBg  OB  daak;  and  when  the  de«^  rfe 

StS^  to  d0«».!r3VcaWii,  the  captain  '[o-W  f  •"  •JSS 
S7«.  with  a  rehUoit  ofj**  '""to* •»W'  ^'J*LiL"«2S 
penou  had  owjoontort*  at  ••«,  or  detail,  wUh  great  grawf, 

^^k!?!  _  I !t"'!mg  STwtitidiflf  Thr  ladiea  of  oor 
!S!  ll^iStSrS-  SwIlSS?  and  wished  to  cMMif 

stattled  whan  ha  snr  «HJ55?!?Srfcf JS^StS^aiiS" 

aiMiy  i»gi«tr«a(f  aidiiitlUHit  lo««faf 


*     : 


w  if  they  would  not  »»*^*  ^Swt'JEmpw****  thrt  we  were  m 

Though  we  «w  no  U«J.  2;'2j!*;jt£^rfew  d.y..  bH««  »• 

the  Wert  Indie  eeee.  JP"*  ZLT^^Aloaa  rengee  of  conicel 

tket  iwelled  ouiMMile.  •_  hourly  ezpeot- 

One  delightfuVcteer  ^^^'^^V^i^^J^lrJAmA^rn.    -tothe 

rtin  of  "Wttol«»d  -omeddphm^^  ^^^^^ 

leather  wm  '•'y^'»«»*«!»*«'Ji^;jKto  I~n«nedlrtely  beit^ 
Ml  for  them;  «»d  W^^^  wTiZghi  large  quwititiee  ef 
ftr  that  P-'P'^/y  ^.rJSi  <rf  fidi  Md  put  the  whole  into  *• 

at'-of  ^e  :L::T:iir^rXirv£^^^^  ^  ^^  ^ 

SKr,  and  part  «^riboted  «^  the  «2;^i^  .^  ^  ^^ 
When  the  i^f-^Z^J^isZ     ft  KTst.  George'a  day. 

SSIof  «j:«irt»l'^«tl!!j£d  AlTelthSi  weletwo  clarinat 
animated.  The  captain  >»"»"'•*•  r^Vu--o  a  dance  upon  the 

Snwter-deck  at  aunaet.  J^J^V^^^^  Zt\»xlri  and  the  captiUn 
B^ht.  partUHiliriy  by  th.  fc^K  i  iS  tCi«Si«-  pnJS 
hadlurt toW the *r»artm  wmtoj ^"^j^  ^ ^,  j|.t  thii 

thei^eWea.  whw  J^«  "jJlSfSllrltooet  'a«»etaii.  «d  thni 
«^;?**ir^S*IL^;tiOT«h^e  could  acwee^^  . 

Molkw  of  the  crew  waa  ao  ™  rjT  V  ^^i^  ^^w  »ery  pel*.  ••* 
•%  capta«j«  wc«T»5 1^^  K  chijr. 

liair'^  at  a  loaa  what  to  reply.  ^"^^  ^.^  in  a  ownMl. 
JSStiid  up  the  g«g»y-    SL^hJ;^St»»  minda  73 

SSTmme  of  ua  •PI«"«*J?J^-ffiiirheard.  and  Mi^ 
■S?;^entlT  ocoupTed  h,jj^  ^,„  ^ 

1—-— remarked,  with  »»•»•»»■■  "*^"'    . 

SrtJTtrbe  taS  «rid«»ly  l^^if^S^  inqmr.  •h*»  wa. 

iitor  a  little  ^jJ^£t^SJSSm£iSS^  i»*»^ 


ft:!*-"T7', 


TMi  done  10. 
4  that  wo  wero  w 
few  days,  begun  to 
range*  of  oomcal 
idbHda,  with  been- 
andwe  ■ometiroee 
aoe  in  the  bree«ee 
r ' 
re  m  hourly  expeel- 
iredaatern.    ■*•»• 
sMd  that  we  ohoold 
immediately  baited 
large  quantitiea  of 
t  the  whole  into  *• 
lould  be  dreated  iir 

Hnbled  in  the  cabia, 
Bg  St.  George's  day* 
leredthateTerrtUit 
turaptuous  atyie,  aM 
tiona.    Wemadeth* 
circulate  rapidW,  Wid 
humor,  while  the  ^ 
iiUonally  arouaing  awK 
tore  were  two  elarmat 
r«  a  danee  upon  th« 
,  received  wUhmuch 
BMty:  Mid  the  captain 
the  muaieiana  prepaiw 
►in,andaaW.  Aatth; 
iteanaeleaa.  and  tlMt 


i  aeanely  apeak.       . 

ceaaad  in  a  fMiBM*. 
;  biit  themmdaofall 
iMt  heard,  and  VUf^ 
(Hat  Mamen  were  *am 


It  to  inquire  *hijW3 
mmiMiilf,  and  infonaaa 

ra^V>*fcq» 


»MtU> 


-lAU  eonvenation  waanow  at  aa  and,  aadno  eaa  uttered  awofd 
till  BIra.  L—— returned  from  her  siate^  apartaaent.  White  wa- 
were  inquiring  how  the  latter  was,  the  capUan  entered  the  eabin 
in  a  state  of  a reat  agitation.  "  lliia  is  a  dreadliil  busineai,"  sakl 
ha.  "  The  fact  io'-it  ia  my  duty  to  tell  you — ^I  fear  we  are  aU 
poisoned  by  the  fiah  we  have  ate— One  of  the  erew  died  a  few 
niautea  aince,  and  five  othera  are  dangeroualy  IIL" 

"Poisoned!    my  God t    Doyouaayao?    Muat  we  ^  die?V 

exclaimed  Mra.  L ,  droppiii^  on  her  kneea.    i'  What  ia  to  ba 

dooe?"  cried  the  Mqor  diatraetedly;  "are  th^e  no  meaaa  of 
eounteracting  it  ?" — "  None  that  I  know  of, "  retutned  the  captain. 
"All  remedies  are  vain.  The  poiaon  is  alwaya  fetal,  exMpI— 
bat  X  begin  to  feel  ita  effiMsta— eupport  me  can  thia  be  imagiaa* 
tiMi?"    He  staggered  to  one  aids,  and  waald  have  feUen  upo* 

the  iloor,  had  not  1  assisted  him.    Mrs.  L ,  notwithstandmi. 

U»  apparent  inaensibility,  eluiw  to  his  arm,  cryiag  out,  in  a  tcM 
of  deapair,  "  Is  there  no  help— no  pity— no  one  to  save  us)^ 
and  then  fainted  away  on  her  huabaad'a  bosom,  vdio,  turning  to 
ma,  aaid,  with  quivr.ring  lipe,' "  You  are  a  hamy  man;  you  haw 
notiiing  to  imbitter  your  laat  momenta  Oh,  FVovideneel  wae  I 
nannitted  to  eaevpe  ao  many  dangera,  merely  that  I  might  saAr 
tUa  misery?" 

Ifn.  Ir— -  aeon  regained  her  aenaea,  and  I  endeavorad  to 
oahn  her  agit^aion  by  remaridag,  that  we  ought  poaaibly«aac^pa 
the  fetal  influence  of'^the  poiami,  aa  aome  eoaatituti«^were  aal 


ao  eaaily  affected  by  it  aa  othera.  "  la  there  then  a  little  hope?" 
aba  exclaimed.  "Oh!  God  grant  it  may  be  ao!  Howdreadfia 
to  Ae  in  the  midst  of  the  oeean,  fer  from  frienda  and  home,  and 
than  to  bo  thrown  into  the  doof !"— "  There  ia  one  thing,"  iM 
the  cul«o,  feintly,  "  I  waa  goioji  to  tell  yon,  that— but  thia  aan- 
■alio»-I  mean  a  remedy.'^— ^' Speak  on."eried  the  major,  ia 
broathleaa  aoapaase.  "ft  may  have  aehaneo  of  aaving  yoo^" 
uoatfaiued  the  fermer;  "you  maat  pmmediately"— Ho  prto  a 
deep  aigh,  aid  dropped  his  bead  upon  hie  ahouMer,  apfiwailf 
uMb:«  to  •itter  a  word  mora.    "  Oh,  thia  ia  the  wotatalaiFt 

ciiad  Mrs.  L in  agony;  "bo  was  on  the  pomt  of  taUiai^a 

how  to  countoraot  the  ofbeta  of  the  poison— Waa  it  kmiw%i 
narmr  that  doprired  him  of  tiM  power  of  apeech?  Cais  it  bo 
edkdmMrey?"— "  Hash,  hush!  you  rave,"  returned  harhashaad, 
"  Wo  have  only  to  bo  roained  new— Xet  ua  at  leaat  dia  togethevfff 
The  crew  had  dined  iMBt  aa  boor  and  a  half  bofere  na,  aai 
eeaaeoBetly  felt  the  eAeta  of  the  poiaon  moeh  oariiwr  thaaipa 
did.  Svovy  one,  howovor,  aow  bo|^  to  oaUbit'  alMniBg.aymp» 
tOMa.  Mr.  D-—  beeaM  delirieaa;  the  iMiior  lay  upon  tha 
sdiiliiBaf  in  a  atala  ef  taapUHyi  anlthooaplaiahad  drowaad^ 
faaaHaatiaa  bydriaUi^a  kaga  qaaatity  of  braad^. 

'       aMaraately,  iaf 


,*'/ 


10  ttm  *MA»  MtfMkflk 

iK •bwklwfe/*    ^JKn'JSSwl ?tUt to »»    Pot hn Ufat* 
&r^5lXCi5Sl.trw«»t  «4rd.ckto«.i^ 

JEKSiSr SIthe  coaW netthw ■tow.  •«■••*•  comgjj. 
ftfMitI*  hfMm  dirootljr  •■*•»«.  »•«»•  '■•  *»■■  ■"■" 

JiJn^CSa^  duck,  but  th»  dMhiof  o' *•  •^STli^  s 
Mlliin  iiipriiTT-  '*'  ^"■^"•**^  «— r  h«A  haw  wjitonffiMiym— if  ■  i 


kMt,  1 4MMar  Mw  ft  U(^  •* 


MyrAi. 


lobe  out  aUNRdR 
looMquMCM  wMm 
%  obmpaaj. 
a  o*tt  out,  "  Taken 

•  the  nate't,  imm- 
iw)    Put  tier  before 

•  I  MOB  peretfivfd. 
a  greet  Inoreeeeto 
apon  dedt  to  tmtf' 

'tbe  ceinpe&iett,  M 
M  mwn  et  the  heltt 
»bebe<d  become eb 
Moreeetheeompew. 
a  nMtmer,  ee  WoQip 
powible.    Ob  ^i|>S 
-  moaooleee  in  eire^ 
the  dangeroo*  i^u*- 
Uferent  to  it;  •■*.« 
«w  forth  en  ittteltt^ 
•wried  r  r'^«*fi*5 
Bt.foTTi    h:    •■W* 
iviadbeK»         '   «• 

MT  peieeu  v^a  <•«* 

itoined  my  wtrnm  «•• 

MdweweMArM^ 

r.    Thenifbttoelfi* 

wd  f*h  %t»  iii»«» 
r.itytbi«nli4ei».t» 

f  i»e<  — 

I  well- 1— Ml  .  .  . 
lUiig  eonM  be  taiM 
f  the  ewrgee,  ead  J» 

beerdwecetfrmelie 
itheveil  eiyeaee  «f 
fldforer.    I  new  m* 

boeeiried^  Thetee- 
ttaooatiottedbf  hwtMi 


•^■U  dMtnMtie»^  iiwr  irreeolote  ^^•**-^TJ^JJS 

looeed  the  rjpe  that  tH»d  the  Utter.  'JgJ  «  "^  ,„„i  grf^^,  aow 

•ad  knoeked  me  over.  Z,**®"^"*  «•**?*[  ^S  eetiiigled  wHh 
broke  apon  my  eer,  and  I  saw  that  we  hao  I<»  "™^'  ^^ 
KSerTwMr    Blit  the  Telocity  with  wluehw*jwept^to«f| 

SJSrhUe  «.ei  mid  a.«ted  all  on  board^  "St^A 
JSSiS^arried  ua  along.  «id  made  na  the  maaaa  of  uvm>| 

SS?iho  lone  were  c«I|?W  «f -^"J ^  ^'^d  foU  .pen 
Abont  midnight,  our  fore  top-njMt  gave  '^'^,""^55 
deck  with  a  tmnendoua  noiae.  The  ahip  »«»««J5J  J^JJ 
rpmHl.i!iid  begmi  to  labor  in  a  temble  manner,  whde  eeterei 
«a»aa  broke  over  her  aaeeeiaively.  i>..v.ite»  ^h^ 

^  hid^  r«K,lTed  to  de«jend  the  ««««7IbSA  S  wS 
i#hite  figure  ruahed  paat  me  with  a  jg*  •™v2  S& 

Sbsr-.^s^jsit's^ 

JSXtoeei  pSvented  me  ftom  ^^^jj^'l^^  STiSl 

p«t»rbed  imagination,  than  a  hnijMilHji^^    Iwmitdewnte 

Ae the  aen continued  to  »»'^«*«'*'^!!f;v  jJ^T Jj  ^^ 

tbTeaMn.  after  hefhi||  ''^^f  ^J^^^XSJSZaS^^ 

y?ukl an  my  follow  pMeewera  by  «»•«•  ^^j^t^KJ^Sa 
Slli\«rof  them,  thwiy  raenK*liaea  fom^  I  Jjw*^^ 
S'qffic  breatbiitT^en  the  tumjj  ^f ^^SllXe^SS: 

ihwg  with  a  number  of  eorpaea,  -d  ^.doo«>;.  *^T1^ 


■St 


I# 


nn  MtAt  iMAiT. 


«t1to  my  bed.  and  Uy  d«wn  hi  H,  «*,  ■•IwWiilMidiiif  Om  lioi^ 
ron  that  ■arrounded  me,  gruduaHy  diopiped  wleep. 

When  I  awaked,  I  pereeired,  by  tfia  aoabaama  tbat  ihM* 
tteongh  the  akylwht,  that  »he  momtaf  waa  ^^  •ir*f  •»•  V^ 
■hie  rolled  violeiiay  at  idtenrala,  but  the  noiae  of  wind  and  «a*w 
hid  altogether  eeabed.  I  got  up  haatUy,  and  almoat  dreaded  to 
loSi  roiSd,  lert  I  ahould  f&id  my  wotat  anticipationa  coneeniinf 
my  cempaniona  too  fiitdly  realhwd.     ^  •  j^  ^  *fc. 

I  iraoMdiately  diacovered  the  oaptain  Wng  on  one  ode  of  the 
oabiii  quite  dead.  Oppoaite  hin  «^,%'»'.*^r7^' ■*^«*'*S 
Sott  Ae  floor,  and  g^apbg  firmly  the  Imiidle  of  the  door  flf 
STfife'.  apartment. 'HTlS.ked  fike  a  dying  man,  «d  Jftj 
j_  who  aat  beaide  him,  aeemed  to  be  ezhauited  with  grieT 

and  terror.  She  tried  to  apeak  aereral  ««"••.•»*  f  ^"I,*!*!: 
eeaded  in  informtim  me  that  her  aiater  waa  better.  I  couM  not 
SSVer  MV  K3.any  where,  and  therefore  eoncluded  that 
he  waa  the  peraon  who  had  leaped  orerboard  the  preceding 

%i  going  upon  deck,  I  fbund  that  every  thtog  wore  a  new 

i»pect.  TKe  S^^nm  da>alm>  •ni«»«»«««»»'"f  •«»*?,•  JSil 
Mtbreath  of  wbd  could  befth.  The  aea  had  a  beautiful  bright 
green  color,  and  waa  calm  aa  a  amall  lake,  •"•JP* ''»»•"  «  ^ 
eaaioaal  awell  rolled  ftwn  that  quarter  m  which  the  wind  had 
been  the  preceding  night;  and  the  water  waa  ao  clear,  thrt  1 
.  STto  thJ  bottonj  w3  •yw  diatinguiahed  litUe  fiahea  aporting 
around  the  keel  of  our  Teaael.  .   .  . 

Four  of  the  aeamen  were  dead,  but  the  mate  and  the  remafa. 
i«t three  hadlao  flir roeoterod,  a.  to  «>•■*;»•  t»walkjoroM the 
7e«k.  The  ahip  Kraa  ahneat  in  a  diaabled  atate.  ™ jjjj* 
.  ireek  of  the  foro  topHuaat  ly  upon  her  bcw«jj«d  *«»  "Mgl 
arf  aaite  of  the  raainanaat  had  aufcrod  nmeh  hapry.  ^  The  o^M 
eold  me.  that  the  aoundinga.  and  almoil  eTery  thing  eke,  piofed 
STwIS  on  the  BahmwilMka,  though  he  h«l  nol  /•*  "-o^^S 
ed  en  what  part  of  them  we  lay,  and  «J«JH»*«»'?; ««»"  °^,y 
wMher  we  W  mm*  chewe  of  aje«  Wlfag  to  with^y  1^^ 

Wday  peaaed  gleomilr.  They  •••"J^  •I«21  Steh^ 
raae  upon  the  horiaon  aa  the  fcimrunner  of  a  breeae,  wMchjje 
^ave  all  thfama  ftared  to  encounter.  Mu<di  of  our  tun^,  waa 
Sq!toyed  toTepari- for  the  p^^  '"*jr!!S7fl2«Lm 
m^  the  deaT  fte  earpMtof  ^>««^Vi  j;!*^''*^^!^ 
number  of  boarda;  to  eMh  of^riiieh  we  beoad  one  of  the  eerpaea. 
attdalaoweighta  enough  to  make  »  i*»ktejie  bjtcm. 

▲bout  tell  at  nlghtr  ^  *H»  *•  «»«*  the  bediea  to  «t 
diVA  dead  cSn  hadJreUiled  the  whole  day,  tt>d  »ot  • 
SffiebtcSldthedty.    tC*"*^^ 


r  we  were  eeaaiwiitt  «* 
i«wplMiaiilwliwl8bv«« 

Ikefai  the  eaaM  Mid  to  ow 


tn  f  AVAI> 


in 


OiitMidiDg  tlM  her* 
leep. 

ibMuns  that  ihiMt 
kt  advuiced.  The 
of  irind  and  «■«•■ 
dmoet  dreaded  to 
ipationa  4:oiicenii|U| 

;  oo  one  aide  of  thn 

ir  L ,  Btretched 

idle  of  the  door  dif 
ing  man,  and  Mra.' 
ihauited  with  gri^ 
t;  and  at  laat  aoe* 
better.  I  coiiM  net 
fore  ooncladed  that 
oard  the  preceding 

'  thing  wore  a  new 
I,  and  not  the  fUnt- 
kd  A  beautiful  bright 
Bzcept  when  an  oc- 
irhidb  the  wind  had 
raa  ao  clear,  that  I 
little  firitea  aportiqf 

ate  and  the  remain* 
e  to  walk  aeroM  the 
Btate.    Piurt  of  the 
(WK,  and  the  riggiftg 
h  inlary.    The  mate 
tjak%  elae,  proted 
ad  nol  yet  aaeertain- 
loentlT  ootdd  not  any 
r  in  with  any  veaael. 
ded  every  cloud  thai 
r  #  hreece,  whieh  we 
idi  of  oor  tbn^.  wai 
neeeaaary  duty  of  lo- 
ot ready  a  auflMenl 
•d  one  of  the  eorpaea, 
thebottoott. 
BUtbe  bediea  to  th« 
rhele  day,  and  not  a 
tbaatarvaodiitfaietly, 
m  ^toMurted  edmpiai^ 
vtoa.    TbwewM«5 
»ar  aitutHoa    I  nm 


one  after  another..  .?*•■••  •Kfl^£.in«  otm  it,  and  they 
aU^wly  and  aucceyTOiy  .'W^,^'!,..^,.  ^,hi«d  ua  to  traoa 

whish.  tiU  then,  they  bjd  not  ^^^^^^^.^  to  bX 

ZringawouM  enable  uatowjjj^ 

I  waa  roused  earlv  ne»t  "^^^l^  'T.^.ing  intently  oTOf 
d«5k.^  When  I  got  t^'5ii,g3^tf*^'^l^^  fart.-"  Ay. 
the  aide  of  the  •»»?.  "ir^'^^,,  fiSerthan  we  wantit."  On 
»y."  returned  one  of  them,  "J*™"  ~r  ™  i  oerceived,  io  my 
.broaching  the  b»dwark..|»ndl«M*i^  bottom  <ir 

horror  and  aatoniahment,  aU  the  eorpaea  lying  w  w 
Sl^.  a.  ifihey  had  ]«;  b^  JjPJ^J^  «d  .ctual  pre«.nc. 

We  were  now  exempted  «««  *"»• ''vf  ~    j^^  We 

of  death,  but  h»  form  haunted  ua  'J»»'^^"«^7^e.  ahouM 
hardly  dared  to  look  over  the  "5"?  "  "^^i^^JJ  had  formerly 
JncouW  the  ghartly  Mur^orj^  SitT^  had  recenuj 
been  a  companion,  and  at  whose  ftmerai  ngm.  ^      ,^„  ^y. 

!^'3:uS"rer'2:5>£  riT  »  where  we  th«i 

U  the  erening  a  strong  »»,«*««'  •P™2  JP^ht.  and  afford  ua 
honea  that  aome  vessel  wouM  ^n  J^  JJjJ^d^ction.  about 
reOef.    At  aunset,  whep  the  «nrte  wm  |ivmjr^ 
the  watch,  one  of  the  aeamen  criea  oui,     * """  •       «WhM- 
Sy  .4:"    And  the  other  rj  «P^J»J,  ^S?'..  eWdS 
whire?"    He  V^^^^'l^^^^tf^Zc^^^  ^T 


I'vi  a  noBon  well  Wl  in  witb  a  sau  "«'*.-/rry 

•Iwaya  understood,  ^"W  »•  ,J3^,ndthia  appeata  to  me  to 
weiSier.  or  aome  ««»f»'<«3Ji  r^T-'i-  SJ  as^rVrienee  teachea 
hetrue.'W"  Ay,  *y."wfS^  fire  Si  a  time  when  I  did  M» 
foola.  and  1  h«re  found  "» fi^^"  ^' "but  common  birda, 


NMa  hf  A«  >>j«d  jetanifMMM  Aat 
ft  Mbooatr  WW  in  liglrt,  Md  lliat  ■&•  had  kon^  liwr  ng  ni^k* 
•war  to  oHr  «gM|s.  I^e  bore  dbvp  qpflm  iw  with  •  goo4  wiM, 
■•i  in  about  an  hour  hove  to,  aa4  ayoha  «w.  When  we  ha4  !»• 
ftnned  them  of  oar  uohapn^  wtattiei,  the  aaptain  ordered  |he 
beat  to  be  lowered,  and  eaae  en  beard  of  our  TeHel,  with  thna 
ofhiaerew.  H»  waa  a  thick,  abort,  dwfc-^oiptoiiened  mwi,  ^d 
hia  language  and  accent  dlaeovered  him  to  be  a  native  m  the 
Boatheraatatesef  America.  Th»  vat*  immediala^  finceede4  to 
dftail  minuteij  all  that  hawened  to  na,  but  o«ir  mS/$irjmi  vmy 
Ullla  attention  to  the  narra(iv«ujwd  aoen  iaCarrniited  it,  bjr  aalwg 
of  what  our  cargo  eoniiated.  Baling  been  aatiMad  on  thia  p«iat, 
he  aaid,"  fieeing^aa  hew  thingi  Itand,  I  eonehide  jvall  be  bean 
Ibr  getting  into  aome  port." — "  Tea,  that  of  oooraa  ia  e«r  ewnfat 
wian,"  replied  the  mate,  "  and  we  hope  to  bo  able  by  yojar  aaaiat* 
ance  to  aecompliah  it." — "  Ay,  we  ma«t^  aasiit  one  another," 
returned  the  captain — "  WeU,  I  W90  juit  calculating,  that  jour 
dan  would  be  to  run  into  New  Ptrendence— I'm  bound  for  8t. 
Thomaa'a,  and  jrou  cant  eipect  that  I  ahould  turn  about,  and  go 
right  back  with  ypu — neither  that  I  ahould  let  jrou  have  any  of 
WKf  aeamen,  for  111  not  be  able  to  aaahe  a  good  trade  unleM  1  get 
thdt  into  Bort.  Now  I  have  three  nigger  alavea  on  board  of  j^, 
•><»irae  tncm,  they  don't  knew  much  about  aea>mattera,  and  are 
aa  laav  aa  b — 1.  but  keep  flagging  them,  aiiato', — ke«p  flogging 
them  I  say, — by  which  maaQa>  you  wiH  make  tkem  aerve  your 
ondb.  Well,  aa  I  waa  aaying,  I  will  let  70a  have  them  bhwkato 
help  you,  if  you  '11  buy  them  crfTjne  at  a  ftir  ^ee,  and  pay  it  dpwn 
in  hard  carii."—"  Thupropoa«},"  aaid  the  awte, "  aoundbi  gtraqge 
aaengh  to  a  Britiah  ■eaman;  land  how  much  do  you  aak  &r  your 
alavea?"  "  I  cant  let  them  go  undor.  thrao  hundred  deOari  f  ach," 
refdied  tiM  captain,  "  I  gi^eaa  they  would  fetch  more  in  St. 
Themaa'a,  for  they  Ire  prime,  blow  ma."—- "Why,  there  ia'nt 
timt  anm  of  honey  on  board  thia  veaeel,  that  I  know  of,"  aaawered 
the  amte;  "  and  though  I  Could  pnr  it  npgrafilf,  I  'm  aare  the  owa- 
•n  never  weiM  agree  to  indeawlqr  aia.  S  thoi^lit  yba  woald 
haive  aibrded  ua  every  aBriatanae  wttho«t  aaklag  angr  thiog  in 
cMwrn,*--*  true  aaitor  wooU  havt  done  ao  ft  jaaat."— "  Well,  I 
ytm  jreu  are  a  atraage  npan,"  aaid  the  captain.  "  la'  nt  it  nir 
that  I  ahould  get  aoinmiiw  for  my  JMgfrfi  nd  ibr  the  ehanee 
r  11  ran  of  apoiliag  my  trade  at  St.  ThaaiMa'k;  by  making  myaalf 
■hertofmea?  Bat weahaa'taflitabonta«m«llflMttdlr,aadini 
laaaen  Um  price  |>y  twenty  dwara  t  head."-^"  It  ia  but  of  the 
fneation,  viv,"  eried  the  MMte.  "  I  have  a»  OHMay,'*^"  Oh  Hbtm** 
•a harm  daneJ*  returned  th^  «a|tai«,  "we  «aa't  tetde,  that'a 
att.  Oat  ready  the  beat,  beva— I  gMaa  ya«r  oma  will  aooa  gel 
again,  and  than,  if  tta  wwithtr  h<ri4i  mtdorata,  yen  'U 
port  with  the  greatert  tiaa,"-*"  "wm  vmij  do  noil 
t»  lonva  ua  in  thia  bwbarona  wigr?"  aritd  I ;  '*dM  o«mi»i  ' 


!«ns 


M  Mr  Mf  mj|»> 

Wh«o  w«  ba4  !»• 
ptaia  erdartd  tb* 
▼•H«l»  with  U^M 

IMMddMlLMd 

.    a  MtiT*  ^  t|M 

i«(«l|r  jnoMwM  to 

IT  vWtw  pwd  v«y 

it.  97  wMpg 

ontbiip«iat, 

joall  b«  li«M 

•am  M  our  Mrofat 

by  yojir  Miiit* 

Iculatiag,  that  your 

■I'm  bound  for  81. 

ura  aboat,  and  go 

let  jroM  bat •  aor  of 

*  tradeunJaMlget 

■  on  bo«rd  of  pa, 

■aapinattera,  and  tra 

!■!«•,— koitp  floggbtg 

lahe  tbaiD  aerva  vour 

■  havatham  bbwskato 

inM,  aod  p«r  it  diowa 

lata, "  aouQoa  gtraqga 

b  da  70U  aah  lor  jour 

oodrad  dollavf  «ach," 

Id  fatoh  oiara  in  St. 

-"Why,  thara  ia'nt 

I  know  of,"  aaa«rarad 

?',  I  'a  awa  tha  owa- 
tho«i«ht  yba  would 
ukhig  anything  in 
^  Jaaal."— ••  W*n.  I 
iMu.  "Ia'nt it  iUr 
I.  an^  fer  tha  ahaneo 
ni;bVBNkiagmyaalf 
lavUnalMMadini 
"-^"Itiabntoftba 
MMy,'*^"Ohtb«w't 
I  «aa't  trada,  tbitt'a 
ir  nan  will  aooagal 
m  Midcrat*,  yaa  'U 


JM  VEMM. 


wMdd,  I  ail  eodfldaM,  pay  mtif  wab  rathar  than  tiMI  w« 
tfMidd  parish  throwb  roar  iBbnihanity."-^"  Wall,  miatar,  I  Va 
gM  oiMara  too,"  lagied  ha,  "  and  taj  buatneaa  i»  to  make  a  good 
voyif  a  Ibr  tham.  Markats  ara  pretty  changeable  juat  now,  and 
k  ivon'f  do  to  apend  tine  talking  about  humanity — money  *a  the 
word  with  me.*' 

,  Having  said  this,  he  leaped  into  the  boat,  and  ordered  hie  men 
to  row  towards  hie  own  veesel.  Aa  eoon  aa  they  got  on  board, 
tmy  squared  their  topaail,  and  bore  away,  and  were  soon  out  of 
the  reach  of  our  voices.  We  looked  at  one  another  fbr  a  little 
lime  with  an  expression  '  *»^i«t  despair,  and  then  the  seamen 
began  to  pour  forth  a  totK  ~  '  atveetives,  and  abuse,  against  the 
htiardess  and  aTaricious  shipmaster  who  had  inhumanly  deserted 

us.    Major  L end  his  wif*  being  in  the  cabin  below,  beard  all 

that  pkssed.  When  the  captain  first  came  on  board;  they -were 
fillea  with  rapture,  thia|ing  that  we  would  certainly  be  delivered 
ftom  the  perils  and  dilReuKies  that  environed  us;  but  as  the  eqn- 
versation  proceeded,  their  hopes  gradually  diminished,  and  the 
conclusion  of  it  made  Mrs.  L  ■  give  way  to  a  flood  of  tears,  in 
iriUch  I  found  her  indulging  when  f'weat  below. 

Tlie  mate  now  endeavoMM  to  eileouraga  the  seamen  to  exertion. 
They,  cleared  away  the  wreck  of  the  fore-top-mast  which  had 
hitherto  encumbered  the  deck,  and  hoisted  a  sort  of  jurynmaM  in 
ita  stead,  on  which  they  rigved  two  sails.  When  these  thuws 
ware  accomplished,  we  weigned  anchor,  and  laid  our  course  lor 
New  Providence.  Hie  mate  had  fortunately  been  upon  the  Ba- 
hama seas  before,  and  waa  aware  of  the  difficulties  be  would  have 
to'  eaeounter  in  nairigating  them:  Tbe  weather  continued  made- 
rate,  and  after  two  days  of  a||itating  suspenaa,  we  made  Exuma 
Uaftd,  iad  east  anchor  near  its  diore. 


GAFK^ONt  PGRTLCXa:  AND  DIXON. 

Hiis  voyage  waa  andarfd(«il  fbr  Ufa  parpoaaa  of  ooonarta; 
mineipaily,  indeed,  for  the  fur-trade,  on  the  aOrtlHweat  coast  of 
Aittarusa,  which  luid  been  strongly  reedmmanded  by  Captaina 
Cook  and  iQng  in  their  last  voytge.  T#o  vesseln  Were  fitted  out 
ibr  this  purpose,  the  Kiiig«George  «ad  <)oeen  CJhariotte,  by  a 
ioeiety  of  merdhailts  and  others,  the  fbriMer  comMuided  by  Nai' 
ihiihi«l  Portlock,  the  lattef  1^  Georte  Dixon,  both  of  #hom  had 
HMn  with  Csiptiiti  Gook;  thto  King  George  having  mxty  men.  &tt 

Bej^^MUbetf'  ftttt  (htf  <(iiitfiMl  St.  nWlMi,  iiid,  |<ia<iini(liim^  W 


siiifeigB$^!g«je 


mmmmm^. 


IM 


eAivAnrt  nmm^b  aTO' 


QMraM7,  left  il  en.tlMSM.  Qetohar  Mlh-Mnr  IIm 
UaDds,  end  34^H  th«  Cape  de  Verde  groim,  anchoriaf  for  •  eheft 
'i«e  'n  Port  Praya  Bay,  io  St.  Jago.  PhMeedusg  aoathythw 
iHMbored  in  Port  EgoMot,  Falkland^  lalanda,  January  fith,  178$* 
wiiere,  taking  in  water,  tli^  OMde  sail  for  Statea  Bay,  b  Terra, 
del  Fuego.  Having  made  a  good  offing  from  Cape  Horn,  the) 
had  tolerable  weather;  and  coatinaing  their  route  without  toueb^ 
ing  at  any  place,  or  meeting  with  any  thing  worthy  of  notice, 
dropped  anenor  S6th  May  in  Karakooa  Bay,  in  Owhyhee,  Sand- 
wich Islands. 

The  natiTea  cro'ivded  them  very  much,  bartering  a  variety  of 
articles;  but  werw  nevertheless  extremely  troublesome.  It  was 
the  general  opinion,  that  it  would  be  impossible  to  water  the  ves* 
sols  without  a  strong  guard,  which  they  could  not  well  spare; 
while  the  people  were  probably  jealous  that  these  vesseb»were 
come  to  revenge  the  death  of  Cfaptain  Cook.  Next  day  they 
stood  out  of  the  bay,  lying-t«  *'  s  leagues  off,  to  carry  oo  trade 
for  hogs,  plantains,  tare,  £c.  which  proved  so  serviceable  that 
the  sick,  <^  whom  there  were  several,  began  rapidly  to  recover. 
June  Ist  anchored  in  a  bay  in  Woahoo,  another  or  the  islands, 
and  were  received  very  civilly  by  the  inhabitants.  They  now 
stood  fbr  another  of  the  islands,  named  Oneehow;  and,  on  the  Sth. 
anchored  in  ;jram  Bay,  where  supplies  of  fruit,  vegetables,  ana 
pigs,  were  willingly  afforded  by  tne  principal  chief  Abbteooo, 
who  seemed  strongly  their  ftiena,  from  reeoUeoting  Captain  Port- 
look  along  with.  Cook.  They  took  leave  of  him,  with  regret,  on 
the  isth,  standing  for  the  coast  of  AoMrica. 

July  19tb  made  the  entrance  of  Cook's  River;  and,  while  look- 
iag  JB^  good  anchorage,  were  astoniriied  by  the  report  of  a  great 
gun;  iroen,  soon  afterwards,  a  paity  of  Russians  came  oa-board, 
atteaded  by  some  Indians;  but  none  understanding  the  language 
of  either,  no  satisfactory  information  eould  be' gained  from  them. 
Most  of  the  natives  had  fled  from  their  huts,  autrmed  perhaps  by 
the  Russians;  several  bean  were  seen,  but  atme  near  enough  to 
fire  at.  Two  veins  of  kenael-eoal  wore  found,  which  burned  venr 
well,  and  the  place  was,  therefore,  ciUed  Cold  Harbor.  An  el- 
deriy  ohief  paying  Cutaia  Dixui  a  visit,  infl>nnad  him  that  they 
h  battle  with  the  RuaaiaBs,  in  which  the  latter  were  worsted, 
and  added,  that,  from  the  diffiuaate  of  dtais,  ha  kneacthay  ware 
of  a  dilbrei^  nation. 

Qnitting  this  plaoa,  thay  triad  for  aooM  tisM  to  get  inta  Mnea 
DflUiamls  Sound;  but,  by  a  aeries  of  mfovoraUa  winds,  fiuled  in 
this  pursuit.  September  fSrd,  thay  stood  away  fttr  the  Siiidwieh 
Ulands  to  pass  the  winter,  and  return  in  the  wriag .  November 
UA  saw  the  summit  oftha  high  maoataia  ia  Oiroyhee  cavered  with 
mm,  aad  enipk»yf d  two  or  thraa  feUowii^  dnra la  coaartng  it,  ^ 
naliviB  bribing  ^  a  vaiiaty  of  artialea  ta  hailar  for  iron  ubA. 
4f|aMa    Thaflfatnataar^XiagaMi|a«ap6ftiB|,tlMtabiy 


loriag  fof  •  •■«»* 

tnuary  5th,  l/"** 
tM  Bay,  in  Term. 
Cape  Horn,  thM 
ite  without  tottch^ 
worthy  of  notice,,, 
,  Owbyhee.  8m>*- 

,,ing  a  variety  of 
ibleMine.    It  *•» 
B  to  water  the  vee- 
\A  not  well  epare; 
heee  vei«el»wore 
.    Next  day  they 
;  to  carry  on  trade 
ao  •erviceable  that 
raoidly  to  recover, 
tber  of  the  island*, 
litaote.    They  now 
,w;  and,  on  the  8th. 
ait,  veaetablee,  and 
«1  chief  Abbinooo, 
Beting  Captain  Port- 
him,  with  regret,  on 

rer;  and,  whUe  look- 
the  report  of  a  great 
tans  came  on4»oara, 
landing  the  language 
,e  gained  from  them. 
.  alarmed  perhape  by 
none  near  enough  to 
id,  which  burned  veiY 
lold  Harbor.    An  •!- 
SrmedhimUiatth^ 
a  latter  were  woreteo, 

Owkybeecoveredn^ 

;2;%;iKr  for  Iron  »i 
l^«?SSB|,tlwtalMy 


became  neceeeajrwc^jj"       anoSer  to  •  J»«»^^«i,„iS^„p 
present  "J '•^"/oSUn,  ^^o  paW  t^m  a  v«it^  ^^^^^ 
tance  on  t'^'J^Sr^hich  in  the«>  ^^^-SidSre.  the  king,  W- 

^•"^itwL^ofthe  leading  pwple.    l»«!S^'.,„„ifc,M;  and.  >/ 


The  »»«J  ^-STomo^  <»*«^r'"LrAfterwa.da  it  w«» 


I  loaded  with  fninmm,  aad  WMiaad  fbr  t«i»  ot  IhiM 
dun,  M»aiog\y  rory  well  ptoi— d  wkll  his  ■•w  abode.  Tho 
hiiig  alM  aado  his  •ppoaraace;  ho  waa  atont  aad  waU-OMido, 
aboat  ibrty-iva  years  or  age,  aad  peaaeooad  of  iMre  oadenlaiid- 
inf  and  geodHMture  thao  aaj  of  Ma  aa^aela.  January  Ah 
f  oangbt  auiark  iatbe  KiMGeorge»thuteeaaodahalfieetloB||, 

eigM  and  a  half  broad,  andaui  ftet  in  the  livers  tbrtv-aight  jouag 
onea  were  in  her,  about  eight  inehaa  eaah  in  length;  two  whole 
tortiea  of  aixty  pouada  each;  aeveral  iBMdl  piga,  aad  a  quantity 
of  bonee;  ao  Uiat  the  nuabera  and  the  Toraeity  of  thia  mh  may 
be  conceived.  From  thia  time  to  the  10th  they  were  empleyed 
in  parphasing  wood,  water,  proviaioaa»  cnrioaitiee,  and  every  thing 
ebe  they  wanted;  and  now,  quitting  the  anehorage,  proceeded 
to  yam  Bay,  in  Oneehow,  where,  anar  making  a  iaw  excnraion^ 
they  departed  once  nrare  for  Wyoaoa  Bay,  Attoui. 

On  the  Sd  March  weighed,  aad  made  sail  for  the  coast  of 
America,  and  on  the  34tb  April  saw  Montager  lalaad,  comiog 
to  anchor  in  the  harbor,  where  there  ia  aoffieieat  ahelter  firom  the 
prevailing  winds:  Tht  weather  continued  very  variable,  several 
■aaoceenfnl  attempta  being  made  to  get  into  Prince  Williama 
Sound,  and  only  a  sii^le  straggling  inhabitant  being  seen  now 
and  thea,  ao  that  there  wea  ao  opportunity  to  trade. 

Gaataia  Dixon  now  made  an  wauision  in  his  boata  jip  the 
Boond,  aad  leceivina  some  hints  from  the  nativea  of  a  vessel  be> 
hig  there,  contiaued  hie  search  for  several  daya,  and  at  laagth 
jot  on  board  a  vessel  called  the  Noetka^  firom  Bragal,  commanded 
\'.f  Mr.  Meares,  which  had  wintered  in  SnuMomer  Cove.  The 
aMrvy  had  made  dreadful  havoe  amoaf  taam,  aearfy  all  tho 
I  and  many  of  the  erew  haviag  died  of  thia  frig^tfiil  disorder. 


80  that  at  leng^  the  Captain  waa  the  only  pavaan  on  board  able 
to  walk  the  deck.    Along  with  hie  fiiat  BMte  he  soon  afterwarda 


tjaited  the  ships,  met  wiui  a  hearty  raeeption,  aad  rccdved  such 
aaaiatance  aa  no  wanted  aad  as  too  eueia  eoold  afford.  From 
^^  they  learned  that  fow  or  no  fora  eould  be  procured  hare;  that 
aaeeral  vesaela  6rom  India  had  been  ahread^  en  thia  coast  for  the 
purposes  of  trade;  aad  that  two  or  three  were  expected  naal 
'  in  the  same  purmHt,  whirii  immadiatsly  detannined  our 
to  aaparate  aad  push  for  different  parte  of  the  ooest,  in 
it  to  ba  kefrre  their  eacpeoted  rivala;  the  QutMni  Chariikta  to 
aaaeeed-  to  Kiog  Gaotge's  Soaad,  abJ  Mesava.  Hayawnd  aad 
ttyi  to  Cook'a  Kver  in  the  King  Ckorga'a  Ipng -boat,  the  latter 
o  raoMin  where  «lo  waa  tp€  the  preaant. 

On  the  13th  May  aevaral  oaaeea  visitad  than^  kioaa  of  vbioh 
a«a  a  chief  of  great  eoceequenoe,  aaaMd  ghaanaaw%  whoae  par^, 
like  most  others,  were  detenaiaed  thiavea,  eieitiag  tihair  ingenu^y 
aad  trieka  for  this  purpose  in  an  extraaadMMnr  dearee.  Hiey 
4paaad»  aung,  laughed,  and  divittedthfr  ijaiisn  of  the  asaana 
in  aiva»|r  possible  way,  iriitte  sl^y  Aakr  haada  were  saini^  aaaiy 


fbrtwooKthrM 

m  abode.  Th* 
out  aad  wtU4Md«, 
of  Bora  ondonlaad* 
January  Stk 
and  a  half  feet  lom, 
ITS  fertv-oight  jrouBg 
loBgta;  two  whole 
Mga,  and  a  qoaotitj 
city  of  thu  rah  may 
they  were  emplejrM 
Htiea,  and  every  thing 
ndiorage,  |Nroceedea 
ing  a  few  excaraioai^ 


■ail  for  the  coast  of 
kager  Island,  coming 
oient  shelter  from  the 
▼ariable,  several 
Prince  Williame 
litant  being  seen  now 

trade. 

II  his  boats  up  tha 
ives  of  a  vessel  be- 
I  dayai  and  at  length 
s  Bewfal,  eonunanded 
ig-comer  Cove.  The 
them,  aearfy  all  the 
this  ftightfiil  disorder, 

penmi  OB  board  able 
te  he  aeon  afterwards 
w,  aad  received  sack 

oonld  afford.  Fram 
•  procured  hwe;  that 
f  en  this  coast  fer  the 

were  expected  mM 
lately  determined  our 

parte  of  the  coast,  in 
leQutMNsCharlibtte  to 
[essn.  Haymtd  aad 


of  which 
whose  par^, 
asctinf  dwir  ingenutty 
IkMury  4«|nM.  l^ey 
lealJpBofthesaMWi 
it-''  '  '     ■ 


•AMAimVi 


m 


Mag  en  the  dechs,  so  that  literally  they  were  smiling  in  their 
faoes  and  robbing  them  at  the  same  time.  In  the  meantime  flie 
Queen  Charlotte  and  the  long-boat  sailed,  while  the  King  George 
shifted  to  Hinchiabroke  Cove.  Some  of  the  boats  were  sent  out 
to  trade,  which  were  tolerably  suecessfiil;  but  they  also  suffered 
fifom  oontiaual  thefts,  which  were  sometimes  accompanied  by 
OMnacefl,  if  they  attempted  to  resist  the  plunderers. 

June  9th  the  Nootka  left  her  former  anchorage,  where  she  had 
been  frozen  in,  and  casae  close  to  the  King  George,  when  the 
crew  of  the  latter  were  partly  employed  in  rendering  her  assisl* 
aace.  Two  days  afterwards  the  long-boat  returned  urom  Cookie 
River  with  a  very  good  cargo,  aad  was  again  sent  off  with  orde's 
to  return  by  the  20th  of  July.  Ota  the  19th  the  Nootka  sailed. 
liezt  day  the  surgeon  took  the  invalids  on  shore  for  an  excursi<m, 
who,  by  the  use  of  spruce-beer,  which  they  now  brewed  in  abun* 
dance,  were  rapidly  recovering.  In  the  evening  observed  two  In> 
dian  boats  and  several  canoes,  in  which  were  about  twenty-five 
natives,  who  came  alongside  next  morning.  Their  chief,  named 
TaatucktelliagBake,  was  paralyse  on  one  side,  had  a  long  beard, 
and  seemed  about  sixty -years  of  age;  his  country  was  called 
Cbeeneecock,  situated  towards  the  south-west  part  m  the  Sound. 
July  nth  hauled  the  seine  ISrequentlv,  when  not  less  than  two 
thousand  salmon  were  caught  at  each  haul;  and  so  great  were 
their  numbers,  that  ships  prepared  for  the  purpose  might  have 
obteiiMd  anpr  quantity  they  wished.  The  long4>oat  returned  on  the 
91st,  though  without  so  much  success  as  formerly.  On  the  Sfilk- 
■aiied  from  this  place.  The  natives  in  general  are  short  in  stat- 
OM,  with  flat  faces  and  noses,  ill-formed  legs,  but  ^ood  teeth  and 
eyes;  they  wear  their  Uhir,  wfaieh  is  black  and  stniight,  very  long, 
but  cut  it  short  on  the  death  of  a  relation,  this  seeming  their  onTy 
nmthod  of  mounong.  They  are  attentive  to  their  women,  biU- 
jealous  of  them.  Their  thieving  habits  seem  fixed,  the  most  de»> 
tarous  being  meet  in  esteem,  anid  receiving  the  greatest  applause 
fer  the  eaertion  of  his  talents;  he  is  also  distinguished  by  a  fur 
tastical  dress,  which,  whil^  it  excites  the  notice  of  the  spectators, 
|rfvee  the  owner  additional  opportahitias  of  exerting  hia  fingers  at 

By  the  3d  of  Aagost  had  made  little  progress,  flrom  the  shift- 
tag  of  th*  wind,  (a  the  8th,  two  large  boats  vifited  them,  witfi 
twen^r^ve  men,  women,  and  ohildren  on  board,  iHio,  xery  dif> 
ftreat  flom  their  ether  viaitera,  yearned  very  honest,  and  who  were 
invited  to  dinner  in  the  cabin,  iHMn  the^  relished  the  English 
cookery  so  well,  that  the  dishes  were  quickly  obliged  to  be  re- 
plwished.  These  departed  in  the  evening  well  pleMcd  with  their 
enfertainment,  pioaiising  to  return  with  the  meara  of  trading  with 
their  new  fttenas. 

OMka  lltha  new  tribe  iwuted  them  firem  the  eastward,  wkh 
abe«tth»MMnewunhetef  persons  as  the  kit;  four  dam  after,  Iha 

14 


■■| 


108 


CAvrAim  roBTtees  ait*  dbdn. 


loiig4M»t  retoraed,  having  had  pretty  cood  raeeaM,  ootwifhataM 
iiur  Mine  acts  of  hoitility  which  th«7  bad  baen  eompelled  to  r«» 
tafiate  upoa  the  Indians.  Another  partr,  from  the  north-weal, 
were  extremeljr  addicted  to  thieving,  nothing  could  eacape  thent 
and,  when  detected,  were  verj  impudent,  and  often  threatane%^:, 
those  they  robbed.  The  men  were  of  the  sice  of  Europeans,  of 
a  fierce  and  savage  aspect,- using  daggers  and  'ong  spears,  easilf 
provoked  and  ready  to  indulge  their  anaer. 

August  39d  weighed  and  made  sau  fW>m  this  coast,  having 
done  as  much  as  it  seemed  likely  they  could  do  in  the  way  of  trade. 
September  38th  made  Owhyhee,  the  principal  of  the  Sandwich 

K'oup,  when  several  canoes  came  off,  with  whom  a  brisk  trade 
r  hogs  and  other  refreshments  was  carried  on.  At  Attoui  thm 
found  the  Nootka  and  Queen  Charlotte  had  been  there  and  left 
letters  for  the  King  George.  After  procuring  what  necessariea 
thev  wanted.  Captain  Portlock  directed  his  course  for  China 
with  his  cargo  of  fiirs;  on  the  4th  November  saw  Saypan  and 
.llnian,  two  of  the  Ladrone  Islands;  and  on  the  91st  anchored  in 
Macao  Roads,  where  Captain  Dixon  was  found,  whose  transao- 
tions  shall  now  be  noticed. 

After  separating,  the  Queen  Charlotte  coasted  it  for  some  time, 
till,  seeing  an  appearance  of  an  inlet,  a  boat  was  despatched  which 
fi^d  an  excellent  harbor,  where  she  soon  after  anchored.  Sev 
era!  panoes  came  off,  from  whom  some  skins  were  procuredr* 
but  by  no  means  so  many  as  they  had  at  first  reason  to  eapeet.' 
The  number  of  inhabitants  was  about  seventy;  the  harbor,  whioh 
is  good,  waa  named  Port  Mnlgrave,  and  is  situated  in  5B  deg.  M 
min.  north  latitude;  140  deg.  west  longitude.  The  lancuage  'tf 
these  people  is  quite  difibrent  from  that  of  Prince  William°s  Sound, 
or  CcKd('s  River,  being  extremely  uncouth  and  difficult  to  pro- 
iuMnee.  The  mode  in  which  they  dispose  of  their  dead  is  ra- 
narkable;  the  head  is  separated  from  the  body,  and  both  are 
wrapped  in  fttrs,  the  former  being  put  into  a  bpx,  the  latter  iaio 
an  obkMig  chest  which  are  afterwards  preserved  and  disposed  of 
in  m  fluMifiil  way. 

June  4th  quitted  this  place,  and  kept  heatii^  to  the  southward; 
a  harbor  was  perceived  ct  a  distance,  which,  upon  examinatioa 
by  the  boats,  was  found  to  extend  to  a  eeasiderable  distance,  iritl| 
a  number  of  coves  here  and  there,  very  well  calculated  lor  9fi^ 
chorage;  it  was  named  NorfUk  Sound.  The  Beoplo  were  at  Mt 
civil  and  well-behaved;  but  soon  beeame  trouDlesome  and  thiev- 
ish, like  almost  ail  their  brethren  on  this  coast.  Trade  here 
was  not  very  brisk.  July  1st  saw  an  island,  and  were  soon  sur- 
roonded  by  Indians,  iriio,  after  gratifying  their  curioeity  in  exam- 
ining the  vessel,  bof^  to  trade,  and  aoon  parted  widi  all  their 
^skins.  Several  fresh  tribes  visited  them  almost  dmly,  who,  deliaht- 
ed^rilh  European articW  of  barter,  wereemitent  toleave  their  nus 
behind  in  exchange.    The  residence  of  one  was  strongly  ft>rtigad.; 


CAWTJkXtn  roanoes  Am  raoir. 


IW 


InotwithtlMii 
ipelled  to  r*» 
north-wMl, 

J  ew»pe  than; 

len  threatwMd 
Europeans,  of 

I  ufu;  ouily 

JeoHt,  hsTing 
le  way  of  trad*. 
"'  tba  Sandwich 

a  brisk  trad*  ' 
At  Attoui  thcnr 
there  and  left 
hat  neceaaariea 
arte  for  China 
iw  Saypan  and 
lit  anchored  in 
whose  transao- 

It  for  mme  time, 
bspatched  whiek 
Lnehored.  Sot 
jwere  procured, 
baaon  to  rayeet. 
be  harbor,  which 
ed  in  50  deg.  98 
rhe  language  nf 
RTilliam^s  Sound, 
I  diffieuh  to  pro* 
lieir  dead  ia  ra- 
y,  and  both  ar* 
[,  the  latter  into 
1  and  diipoied  of 

o  the  aoothwardt 
ipon  ezanittntieB 
lie  diatanoe,  with 
aleulated  fiw  ap^ 
0^0  were  at  fint 
Bsome  and  thier- 
ut.  Trade  here 
d  were  aoon  aur- 
urioaity  in  ezann 
ted  with  all  their 
lily,  who,  delial^ 
toleave  their  ran 
atroo^y  fortiftad  < 


laaelrtling  a  nippah  or  Ibrtified  ^aee,  in  New  Zealand;  and. 
ftom  Mme  eireomataneee  which  tranaoired,  Dixon  waa  tempted 
abe  to  believe  they  were  alao  like  the  iVew  Zealandera,  tahnibals. 
Proeeeding  to  the  eastward,  elcTcn  canoes  came  alongaide  on  the 
S4lh  with  one  hundred  and  eighty  persons;  but  curiosity  was  the 
prevailing  motive,  as  thev  had  nothing  to  sell;  and,  five  daya 
after,  no  leaa  than  two  hundred  men,  women,  and  children, 
in  eighteen  canoes,  came  off  to  indulge  their  coriooity;  a  nun>- 
ber  tnat,  on  tbia  coast,  is  rarely  finmd  in  one  community.  Their 
chief  had  the  most  savase  aspect  of  any  yet  aeen,  his  whole  ap> 
pearanoe  sufficiently  marking  nim  as  the' leader  of  a  tribe  of  can- 
nibals. His  stature  was  above  the  common  siae,  his  body  spare 
and  thin,  and,  though  seemingly  lank  and  emaciated,  his  step  waa 
bold  and  firm,  his  limbs  stronc  and  muscular;  hia  ejrea,  which 
were  large  and  goggling,  seomed  ready  to  start  fiom  their  sockets; 
his  forehead  deepfy  vmnkled ,  as  well  by  age  as  au  habitual  frown, 
which,  joined  to  a  long  vish^e,  hollow  cheeks,  bigh  cheek-bones, 
and  natural  ferocity  of  temper,  rendered  !  Jm  a  most  formidable 
figure. 

August  8th,  made  sail  for  the  Dandwit  Ji  Islands.  September 
Sd  made  Owhyhee,  and,  aftei  procuri/t :  refreshin><ints,  KfHtd  on 
for  Whahoo,  being  visited  the  next  day  by  Abbeoo'  >.<  and  the  king, 
by  whose  eommanda  they  received  abundant  si  .;  lies  of  wood, 
water,  and  provisions,  of  which  they  wjsre  in  ex^  i-ur  te  want,  several 
of  the  crew  being  nearly  dead  with  tb"  scnrvy.  Attoui  wr~  their 
nest  deatination,  where  the  ehiefii  inr  •Mi'.-'I  particularly  af  .i  their 
friend  Po-pote  (Captain  Portlecke,)  vnd  "are  desirous  of  contri- 
buting all  m  their  pifwer  to  the  acsutance  of  the  ahip, 'every  one 
ao|^yifl0  the  Captain  with  a  liberality  as  unbounded  aa  it  waa  un- 
expected, but  which  did  not  so  unrewarded ;  sawa,  hatcheta,  nails, 
and  other  iron  inatrumenia  being  given  to  the  men,  and  buttona, 
handa,-  sttd  a  variety  of  omamenta  to  the  women. 

Septemher  18th  made  sail  for  Ob*na,  and  anchored  in  Blaoao 
Roaoa  Ac  9th  Novonber,  where  being  joined  as  already  noticed, 
hv  the  King  George,  their  meeting  waa  extremely  agreeable. 
Captain  Ptoraook  waa  very  much  aurpriaed  in  Cantim  with  hia  M 
ftmd  Tiaana,  firom  the  Sudwhieh  Islanda,  triio  was  no  leas  plea»> 
ed  at  aeeing  him,  enihraeing  the  Captain  in  the  moat  cordial  and 
aihetionate  nmnner. 

During  hia  tUf,  Tiaana  was  introduced  to  •▼•'7  place  worthy 
of  notice;  he  was  m^  -tV^  dreaaed  in  a  cloak  and  fine  feather  cap, 
and,  to  show  that  he  >;«  -  a  peiaon  of  ceaaequence,  carried  a  apear 
in  faJa  hand.  Afterwartai,  at  the  persuasion  of  Mr.  Ross,  he  wore 
a  light  aatin  waistcoat  and  a  iiair  of  troooers.  He  frequently  at- 
tended places  of  aubUe  worship,  behaving  with  the  greateat  de- 
CMttm,  and-ioiiuitg  the  congregation  in  the  ceremonies  of  kneel- 
ing or  tirfnd  tn^,  asif  he  hadheen  all  lua  life  regularly  aecuatOBMd 
to  th—     l^eme  <^  the  customs  of  the  Ghinete  diseased  him  ex* 


I 


am 


mimim 


MO 


Medinglj,  ukl;' daring  the  roja^ti  was  nMrly  tlurowiag  tk*  pflal 
orerbotrd  for  iK>iiie  real  or  imiginafy  offimee;  he  wai,  howefet, 
of  a  kind  disposition,  disfdaying  frequent  inetaaeee  4^  hnniaaH/ 
at  well  as  generosity.  Being  onee  at  an  entertaniaent)  given  hy 
one  of  the  Captains  at  Macao,  his  eonpassion  ii^as  atroagl^ 
ezeited  after  dinner  by  seeing  a  nunber  ef  poor  pe^le,  in  flaw- 
pans,  crowding  round  the  ▼easel  and  aikiag  alme;  he  sdieited  Ms 
nost's  pennission  to  give  them  sone  food,  renarkiing  it  was  a  great 
ahanM  to  let  poor  people  want  viotuals,  and  that  in  his  eoaatiy 
there  were  no  beggars.  In  eomplianee  with  bis  importonitigs, 
the  broken  awat  was  collected  under  his  care,  and  he  diilribnled 
it  in  the  most  equal  and  impartial  manner.  Tiana  uras  six  fSNt 
two  inches  high,  exceedingly  wellnnade,  but  inclined  to  eorpnlen- 
oy;  he  had  a  pleasing  animated  countenance,  fine  eyes,  and  other- 
wise expressive  as  well  as  agreeable  features.  He  was  universal^ 
liked,  and,  previous  to  bis  departure  for  Attoui,  the  gentlemen 
at  Canton  ftirnisbed  him  with  bulb,  cows,  sheep,  goats,  rabbita, 
turkeys,  &.c.  &c.  besides  all  kinds  c^  seeds  whieh  could  be  useftd 
in  his  island,  with  directions  how  to  Year  and  propagate  theaft. 
The  best  skins  of  their  oargoes  were  disposed  of  to  the  East 
India  Company  for  fifty  thousand  dollars,  while  the  inferior  ones 
were  sold  to  the  Chinese,  both  vessels  receiving  in  return  eargeea 
et  tea.  February,  6th,  1788,  weighed  and  made  aail  down  the 
river,  quitting  Macao  finally  a  day  or  two  afterwards.  On  Hbm 
SOth  saw  the  island  of  Pulo  Sapata,  four  leaguea  distant;  and, 
SSth,  the  islands  of  Aramba;  three  days  afterwarda  Mr.  Lander, 
■oii^tt  of  the  Queen  Chailotte,  died,  haviiw  been  ill  for  aoriM 
tune,  and  attended  br  his  brother  surgeon,  Mr.  Heggan,  of  the 
King  George.  On  the  SOth  of  March  tile  abips  agreed  ttf  iuftf 
rate,  and  make  the  beat  of  their  way  to  St.  Helena,  where  tin 
Xing  Gcoroe  arrived  Iko  23th  June,  and  the  Queen  Ghariott#  en 
(he  fsth.  The  former  at  length  reaehed  En^andy  witheul  a«y 
OMurrenee  worthy  of  remark,  on  the  99d  Augoat;  and  the  failer 
the  17th  September.  Nor  waathe  voyage  unfeitnnate)  fertiMai^ 
no  great  gain  waa  made,  yet  RotUag  waa  lost,  irhioh^  in  »Bai# 
4)mnmareMl  speculitkM,  ia  not  an  i 


CUBICMHTT  BAFFLE. 


Brook  Walaoa  waa  bom  ef  huadtla  parentag«i  ia  the  pr«mae« 
of  Maine,  and  in  that  part  of  it  more  appropriately  known  as 

aadakoc.    History  haa  not  eenveyed  to  us  the  ineidenta  oi  Ua 
dhood.    As  he  mot  with  extraordinary  sueeeas  hi  Ufe,  w« 
preswne  he  was  pretty  soundly  drubbed  by  the  aehoohnaalar  wut 


'.^V^^^f-V'^^^'ap^wnwK':  .i:; 


mimmmmmms^mms 


1 1 


mi,  howsTW, 
lee*  4^  immmity 
'  mevtf  giwa  1^ 

p«opl«,  in  Qim. 

h»  MUeitedMi 

,  itwuagfMt 

in  hii  «oulrf 

importonitiM, 

nd  Im  diitribolod 

MB*  mn  riz  ft«t 

lined  to  eorpolmi- 

e  eyes,  and  otfaer- 

e  wu  unirerMlfy 

li,  the  gentlemen 

p,  goeta,  rabi»ile, 

sh  could  be  ueeftd 

propagate  iktm. 

d  of  to  the  Eaat 

I  the  inferior  onM 

k  in  return  cargeea 

Ede  eail  down  tlM 

kerwarda.    OnliM 

[uea  distant;  and, 

rarda  Mr.  Lander, 

;  keen  ill  for  aoiiM 

r.  Hoggain,  of  IIm 

■.•freed  to  Mp*> 

{•lena,  wlkore  the 

lueenGhariottdon 

landy  wftbenl  mf 

Mt;  aadtheMter 

lanato}  ferthaogli 

,  whioh,  in«  Bai« 


9f  iathaproiUM* 
natel^  kitown  aa 
le  ineident8(^Ua 
•eeaa  in  Kfe,  wm 
aehoolmaalar  ind 


•HBIOUVf  »Am«B.  •   HI 

Ikt  elder  hejm  ~  He  probablir  ran  aboot  bare>lbo(ed  in  anauner, 
and  in  winter,  wore  old  woMlen  atockings,  with  the  feet  cut  off, 
under  the  name  of  leggina,  to  keep  out  aoow-water.  We  imag- 
ine be  got  on  the  rafts  of  the  lumber-men,  and  learned  to  swim, 
bjr  being  knocked  off,  aa  a  nuschiefnoaker,  into  the  river.  We 
think  it  likely  be  occaaionally  aet  up,  of  a  moonshiny  night,  to 
watoh  the  bears,  aa  they  came  down,  to  reconnoitre  the  pig-atye; 
and  we  havi  Iktle  doubt  that,  befiwre  he  was  eleven  years,  eld, 
he  b^d  gone  eabin-bey  to  Jamaica,  with  a  cargo  of  pkie  beai4B 
•ad  timber.  But  of  all  this  we  know  nothing.  It  is  enough  fiir 
mur  story,  that,  at  the  a|[e  of  twenty,  Brook  Watson  was  a  stout 
athletic  young  man,  sailwg  out'of  the  port  of  New  York  to  the 
West  Indies. 

The  Yankees  knew  the  way  to  the  West^  ladies  a  good  while 
ago;  they  knew  more  ways  than  one.  Their  coasting  vassale 
lioew  the  way,  without  quadrant  or  Practical  NavigelP'*  Their 
skippers  kept  their  reckonib^^  with  chalk,  on  a  shingle,  whieh 
they  stowed  away  in  th«<  binade;  and,  by  way  of  OMerration, 
the;\hcld  up  *  hand  to  the  sun.  When  th«T  got  him  over  four 
fingers,  they  knew  they  were  straight  for  the  Hole-in-the-wall; 
three  fingers  gave  them  their  course  to  the  Double-headed-^tot 
Keys,  and  two  carried  them  down  to  Barbadoes.  This  was  one 
way;  and  when  the  Monaieurrand  the  Sons  at  Martinico  and 
the  Havana  heard  the  old  New  England  drums,  thumping  wmtf 
under  the  very  teeth  of  their  batteries,  they  understood  to  their 
coat,  that  the  Yanke«e  had  another  way  of  working  their  passage. 
But  Brook  Watson  went  to  the  Havana  in  the  way  of  tradpw 
He  went  as  second  mate  of  the  Royal  Consort,  a  fine  topsi^l 
scheener-of  one  hundred  and  fifteen  tons;  and  wlietber  he  hid 
a»y  persons)  venture  in  the  mules,  butter,  cheese,  codfish,  ipd 
^eofcs,  which  she  took  out,  is  more  than  history  hae  reeorded. 

Captain  Baaii  Hall  saya  the  Americana  are  toe  aet  to  talk 
ih«Hit  the  weather.  Bui  in  the  tropica,  in  the  nentn  of  ivlj„ 
•board  a  small'ahip,  without  a  breath  stirring,  captain,  it  it  hoi; 
-rjrev  have  been  a  sailor  yourself,  and  you  ought  to  know  it.  It 
was  very  hot  en  board  thi  Boyil  Consort,*  about  four  o'ck>ek  in 
the  afternoon  of  the  14th  of  July,  1755.  There  was  not  the 
sUgbtest  movement  in  the  air;  the  rays  of  the  sun  seemed  to  bom 
down  into  the  water.  Silence  took  bokl  of  the  animated  creation. 
It  was  too  hot  to  talk,  whistle,  or  sing;  to .  bark,  to  crow,  or  to 
bray.  Every  thing  crept  under  cover,  but  Sambo  and  Cufibo, 
two  fine  looking  blacks,  who  sat  sunning  thentselves  on  the  quay, 
and  thought  "  him  berry  pleasant  weather,"  and  gliatened  like  • 
MW  Bristol  bottle. 

Brook  Watson  was  fond  of  the  water;  he  was  not  web^beted, 
•or  wai  be  braneUouategous ;  (there  'a  for  yca^  aee  Noib  Web- 
mti) bat wers  he aakedwbethev he |slt asest  at  home  on  1«|A 
it  Mi  the  water,  1m  would  heve  feuiid  k  kird  to  tell.    Mi  M 


H 


emnMnr  mmnmn. 


ft: 


fnMAr  wwnm  the  KeiuMlwe,  iHiere  it  u  u  wid«  ud  daaa  m- 
the  HefleipoDt  between  Seatoe  end  Abydoe,  at  leeit  once  •  nj, 
fiw  fire  months  in  the  year,  ever  einee  he  wu  eleven -jeenKMSi- 
witboat  Lord  B3rron'i  precaution  of  a  boat  in  company,  to  |Mdi 
him  up,  in  iBaae  of  need.    Am  hie  Lordehip  seemed  desiroua  ^ 
inutating  Leander,  honeatv  ought,  we  thiiik,  to  have  auggMled 
to  him,  to  go  without  the  boat.    At  all  events,  that  wasBrodi 
Witaon's  way;  and  we  have  no  doubt,  had  he  been  in  a  bo«t» 
with  a  head  wind,  he  would  have  q>rung  into  the  river,  in  erdaTi-" 
to  get  across  the  sooner.    With  this  taste  fer  the  water,  and  wkkv 
the  wetfher  so  oppressive  as  ii%  have  described  it  on  the  present 
oeoaaimi,  it  is  not  to  be  wondered  at,  that  Brook  Watson  sheakt  y 
have  turned  his  thoushts  for  refreshment,  to  a  change  of  elementf- 
in  other  words,  that  he  should  have  resolved  to  bathe  himself  iii . 
the  sea. 

Such  waa»the  fact.  About  six  o^elook  in  the  afternoon,  and 
when  everr  other  being  en  board  the  vessel  had  crept  away 
into  the  cabin  or  the  fencastle,  to  enjoy  a  MMta,  Brook,  who  had 
been  sweltering,  and  panting^  and  thinking  of  the  banks  of  the 
Kennebec,  till  hu  stout  gay  heart  felt  like  a  great  ball  of  lead 
within  him,  tripped  up  on  deck,  dropped  his  loose  clothing,  and  in 
an  instant  was  over  toe  side  of  the  vessel.  This  was  Brook's  first 
voyage  to  the  West  Indies,  since ^he  had  grown  up;  and  the  fivit 
day  wker  his  arrival.  He  was  one  of  that  elass  of  mankind  nel 
bred  up  to  books;  and,  consequently,  in  the  way  of  learning  wis- 
doM  only  by  experience.  What  you  team  by  experienee,  yon 
leanl  pretty  thoroughly,  but  at  the  same  time,  eccasioMdIy,  mueh 
to  yanr  cost.  Thus  bv  chopping  off  a  couple  of  fingers  with  • 
broad  axe,  you  leant,  by  experience,  not  to  play  with  edge4oolSb 
Bmok  Watson's  experience  in  bathiac  had  biUimrto  been  confined 
to  the  Kennebee;  a  noble,  broadj  civu  stream,  harboringnothiiig^ 
within  He  geittle  waters  more  terrible  than  apoiipoise.  The  seap* 
•Wfmti  had  not  vet  appeared.  Brook  Watson, had  certainly 
h«Md  of  shariis,  but  at  the  moment  of  forming  the  reaolution  I* 
bathe,  it  had  entireir  escaped  his  mind,  if  it  had  ever  entered  it. 
that  thi  West  India  seis  were  fiill  of  them;  and  seover  he  weal, 
with  a  ftarleas  plunge 

Sambo  and  Guflhe  as  we  have  said,  were  sitting  on  the  quay, 
emoying  the  pleasant  sunshine,  and  making  their  evening  repwt 
ofbanana,  whttn  they  heard  Uie  plupge  into  the  water  by  the  aide 
of  the  Roval  Consort,  and  presently  saw  Brook  Watson  emer||iag 
frmn  the  oeep,  his  hands  to  his  eyes,  t»  free  them  from  the  bnaa, 
balancing  up  and  down,  sputtering  the  water  from  his  mouth,  and 
tlien  throwing  himself  forward,  hud  over  hand,  as  if  at  kagth  he 
reidhrfSilt  himself  in  his  element. 

"  lMi„  Massa  Baora,"  roared  oat  Sambo,  aa  seen  as  be  eouIA, 
NM9ver  hi*  astonishment  eneogh  to  speak,  "  0  Saner;  ha  whil» 
miAMhfMr  JO  teawim;  O.detibinMii  ha  bcny.bad  bite,  oflM» 


i/f 


16» 


U  Ud  dMBM 

onc«  •  fu^, 
|«v«n-7e«nM»,- 
mpwiy,  to  pieli 
dMtrow  of  . 
lave  auggeilod^j 
lit  wuBioob;;t 
o  in  a  boat»'r 
river,  in  ordoTv'^: 
water,  and  witkfi: 
t  on  the  proMBt 
WatMn  aiioaUl  r 
ingeofeleneatt 
Mithe  hinaeir  hi  . 

afternoon,  and 
had  crept  awaf 
Brook,  who  had 
be  banks  of  the 
reatball  of  lead 
)  clothing,  and  in- 
waa  Brook'*  fini: 
jp;  and  the  tot 
of  mankind  nel 
r  of  learning  wia- 
experience,  jran 
seasionalljr,  nraeh 
of  finger*  with  • 
with  edge-took, 
rto  been  confined 
larboringnothiAf;. 
poiae.  The  ae** 
an, had  certainly 
the  reaoltttion  to 
1  ever  entered  it, 
i  10  over  he  west, 

ting  on  the  qaaj, 
ir  evening  rep«l 
water  bf  the  aide 
Vf ataon  ener||iaf 
n  fironi  the  brwe, 
n  hi*  BUMith,  and 
aaifatleagthlM 


aeon 


rjrbad  bite, 


aabaeottld. 
;  hewhil» 


Uaaar— deahark;  he hab-berrjbig month;  he eatoe a Seiior  10" 
np  down!" 

Sneh  was  the  exdamation  of  Sambo,  in  the  best  Eaclish  he 
had  been  able  to  pick  op,  in  a  few  yean  service,  in  onlaioiiw  the 
AnMnriean  vessels,  that  came  to  the  Havana.    It  was  intenmd  to 

atprise  the  bold  but  inexperienced  stranger,  that  the  waten  were 
led  with  riiarks,  and  that  it  was  dangerous  to  swim  in  them. 
The  words  were  scarcely  uttered,  and,  even  if  they  were  heard, 
had  not  time  to  produce  their  eflfbet,  when  Cnffee  responded  to 
the  exclamation  of  his  sable  colleaaue,  with — 

*'  O,  Madre  de  Dios,  see,  see,  de  tiburon,  do  shark; — ah  San 
Salvador;  ah  pobre  joven!  matar,  todo  eomer,  he  eat  him  all  down, 
bernr  soon!" 

This  second  cry  had  been  drawn  fhmi  tile  kind>hearted  negro, 
by  seeing,  at  a  distance,  in  the  water,  a  smooth  shooting  streak, 
which  an  inexperienced  eye  would  not  have  noticed;  but  which 
Sambo  and  Cuffiee  knew  i\M  well.  It  was  the  wake  of  a  shark. 
At  a  distance  of  a  mile  or  two,  the  shark  had  perceived  hii 
prey;  and  with  the  rapidity  of  sound  he  had  shot  across  the  inter^ 
vetting  space,  scarcely  disturbing  the  surface  with  a  rip|rie. 
Cnfibe's  practised  eye  alone  had  seen  a  flash  of  his  tail,  at  the 
distance  of  a  mile  and  a  half;  and  raising  his  voice  to  the  utmost 
of  his  strength,  he  had  endeavored  to  apprise  the  ineautioas  swim- 
mar  of  Us  aaoj^er.  Brook  heard  the  snout,  and  turned  hise^e  in 
the  direction,  in  which  the  negro  oointed;  and  well  skilled  in  all 
the  appearances  of  the  water,  under  which  he  eould  see  almost 
aa  wen  as  in  the  open  air,  he  perceived  the  sharp  forehead  of  th« 
fiuHrfiil  animal  rushinff  towards  him,  head  on,  with  a  rapidity  ittAdk 
bafde  deflaAoe  to  flight.  Had  he  been  armed  with  a  knife,  or  even 
a  stick,  he  would  not  have  feared  the  encounter;  but  would  hava 
coolly  waited  his  chance,  like  the  negroes  of  the  West  Indiisa 
and  nie  Spanish  Main,  and  plunced  his  weapon  into  the  opening 
mtw  nt  the  ravenous  animal.  But  he  waa  wholly  naked  uid  da> 
feMeless.  Every  one  on  board  the  Royal  Oonaort  waa  aslem; 
aiDd-  it  waa  in  vam  to  look  for  a^  flrom  that  quarter. .  He  cast  a 
glanoe,  in  his  extremity,  to  Sambo  and  Coffee;  and  saw  them, 
with  prompt  bekevolence,  throw  themaelves  into  a  boat,  to  raacua 
huti;  but  meantime  the  hungry  enemy  waa  reshhig  on. 

fl^ook  thought  of  the  Kennebec;  he  diought  ortts  green  bairita, 
and. its  ideasant  islands.    He  thought  of  the  tall  trunks  of  the 

8  ltd  trees,  aeathed  with  fire,  which  stood  the  grim  sentinels  of  the 
treat,  ov^  tfie  roof  where  he  was  bom.  He  thought  of  the  log 
Beboel-houoe.  He  thought  of  his  little  brothers  and  sistara,  aoid 
of  hi*  OMrtier;  and  there  waa  ahother  image  that  passed  through 
Ma  nind,  and  almost  makad  into  oowardica  hia  aianly  threbbia| 
h««M.  He  thoofht  of  Mary  Atweod,  and-Mbot  ha  had  to  think 
oliliiiMlf.  Fnr  though  theaatomaltMNMaaMtfeM  and  a  thouaani 
nriMd  <hr««ih  Ua  nfaid  in  a  awbaHt,  erowdii^  thai  oM 


mmmmmiiMaimmm 


rntmn^' 


m 

iwaMot  with  a  loM|  duratioa  of  loArinf ;  j«t  is  tht  < 
liMmMiit,  tiie  dreattul  mooater  had  shot  aeroM  the  eotira 
that  Mparated  him  firom  Brook;  and  had  atoppad,  aa  if  ita  vitatMy 
had  bean  instantly  aireeted,  at  the  diataace  of  about  t#ahr«  fbeC, 
from  our  awimner.  Brook  had  drawn  hiweelf  up  in  the  OMil 
pugnacioua  attitude  poatible;  and  waa  treading  water  with  grail 
activity.  IIm  ahark,  probdbly  unoaed  to  anr  aigaa  of  iMMI|| 
battloj  remained,  fi»r  one  moment,  quiet;  and  then,  like  a  iaah  w 
lightning,  ahot  aMaling  oi^  and  eame  nAmd  u  the  rear.  Pteak^ 
however,  waa  aa  wide  awake  aa  hia  enemr.  If  he  had  not  dialt 
with  aharka  before,  he  knew  aonething  of  the  wave  of  baara  md 
catamoiuita;  and  contrivii^  himaelf  to  .get  rood,  about  aa  aoaS 
aa  the  aharic,  he  atill  preaented  a  bold  fiont  to  the  fee. 

But  a  human  creature,  after  all,  ia  out  of  hia  element  in  Iha 
water;  and  he  fi^hta  with  a  ahark,  to  about  the  aame  diaadvantaga 
ai  the  ahark  himaelf,  when  dragged  up  on  deck,  fighto  uHMi  a 
man.  He  flouncea  aud  flinga  round,  and  makea  feraMaUe  balUa 
.  with  tail  and  maw;  but  he  ia  aoon  obliged  to  yield.'  The  near 
approach  to  a  fine  plump  healtbv  Yankee*  waa  too  much  for  tha 
in4»atienee  bf  our  ahark.  The  plaahiog  of  the  oara  of  .8aad>o  aad 
Oufibe,  warned  the  aagacioua  monater  of  gathering  feea.  Whirl* 
Im  himaelf  over  on  hia  back,  and  turning  up  hia  long  a^ite  beHjr, 
and  opening  hia  terrific  jawa,  aet  round  with  a  double  row  of  broad 
aarrated  teeth,  the  whole  roof  of  hia  mouth  ^ved  with  horroo* 
fltnga,  all  atanding  erect,  aharp,  and  rigid,  juat  permitting  tfM 
Mood-briffht  red  to  be  aeen  between  their  roota,  ha  darted  towa(4 
9fOoL  Brook'a  aelf-poaaeaaion  atood  by  him  in  thia  trying  ■»> 
lAnt.  He  knew  very  well  if  the  animal  reached  him  m  a  vitid 
part,  that  inatant  death  waa  hia  fate;  and  wkh  a  r^id  Bovemaat, 
aithar  of  inatinct  or  calculatioa,  he  threw  himaelf  baekwavd, 
leaking,  at  the  aafua  moment,  at.  the  aharii.  In  oonaaqoaaaa  of 
nfi»  movement,  hia  foot  and  lag  paaaed  into  the  horrid  bmw  af  tiM 
dtaadfiil  monater,  and  were  aevered  in  a  momeat,— moaelaa,  ate* 
awa,  aad  b«ie.  In  the  next  moment.  Sambo  and  Citfbe  wara  afr- 
hia  aide;  and  lifted  him  into  the  boat,  coBvubad  widi  pain,  aid 
luatiag  with  loaa  of  blood.    Th4  Royal  Conaort  waa  near,  a«d 


the  ahutn  waa  apeedily  gi^/en.  Brook  waa  takea  on  board;  Aa 
vaaaelV  company  were  rouaed;  bandagea  and  ai^ptioa  wara  ap^ 
plied;  anrgical  advice  waa  obtained  noai  tha  ahora,  and  ia  dM 
raaaor  the  heartv  and  aound-coaatitutioned  youth  reeovared. 

The  place  of  hia  loat  limb  waa  auppliad  Hy  a  wooden  oaa;  aad 
uduatry,  temperance,  probity,  aad  aeal,  kuppttad  the  ahMe  of  a 
M|iinent  of  i«g*i  when  emplovedto  prop  up  a  laay  and  diaalaatad 
Aww.  The  manly  virtuea  or  oar  haio  fiwmd  (hair  rawara;  hia 
■ilbrUiga  wera  crowned  with  a  richindamaity.  Ha  raaa  firomaaa 
im^  to  another  of  proaperity.  lawraaaad  maaw  ppaaad  a  widaa 
■rtiara  of  activity  and  aaaflimaaa.  Ha  waa  aataHifalf  aqgMad  ha 
lP|B  «oa|ri«t«,  whteh  ha  IblflM  lAtka  MraMva Vfta^ 


iijn»|ifliiii'n;i|j|#ij.f«i|i«ii 


'KgSiaeswaiKKr: 


Itf 


tllMi 

be  entira 

MifitavildMjr 
boat  HNltf9  MC. 

up  in  tb«  OMil 
rater  with  grail 
ligai  of  iMMM 
n,  like  •  flaah«f 
erear.  9re*lW 
he  hefdaotdM* 
nu  of  bemwi 
U,  eboot  M  wMMI 

MMt 

olement  in  the 

me  diMdrentaM 

ok,  ighta  withe 

fenaidaM  battle 

ywU.^  The  new 

toomueh  ibrthe 

an  of  Sambo  aad 

ngfoea.    Whirl* 

long  iriiite  beHf  , 

ublerowofbroM 

red  with  horrent 

■t  permittiBg  tlM 

be  darted  towadl  . 

nthia  trying  mo^ 

ed  him  in  a  Tital^ 

rapid  movement, 

imaelf  baokwaid. 

I  eonee^nenee  of 

borrid  maw  ef  th» 

1^       miiMilaa  ^m. 
■*»     iiiMKiiiie,  ■■■ 

d  Ci^e  war*  at^ 
Ml  with  pain,  and 
H  waa  near,  apl' 
>n  on  board;  dM 
■tjrptioawere  ap» 
liora,  andia  dae 
ih  reeovered. 
wooden  one;  md 
idthephMM  of  a 
mf  and  diaalMted 
iheir  levara;  hia 
He  raaa  ftomeaa 


HDgaoT 


Tot:: 


M  Ua  9wn;— «  thins  rare  eaongh  aaoag 

tiiietiBg  kiftit.    Fkem  a  contractor,  he  beoanm  a  o 

and  from  eommiaaaiy,  I«rd  BJEajror  of  London. 

Behold  our  hero  now,  at  tfw  head  of  the  magiatraeT  of  the  _ 
tiapoNeof  the  Brftish  empire,  diadajing,  in  this  exalted  atation, 
Ik*  virtue*,  whieh  had  raised  hm  to  it  from  bumble  lift;  uMl 
eemhatiii|g  the  monatera  of  viee  and  corruption,  whieh  iofeat  thb 
metrepolia,  a*  bddljr  aa  bo  witiistoodthe  monaterof  the  deep,  and 
with  greater  aueeeoa.  AB  dasaes  of  hia  nugeat/'a  aubiects.  who 
hod  oocaaien  to  ^>proach  him,  enj^ed  the  benefit  of  hie  civic 
malitiea;  and  bia  fame  apread  fiur  and  wide  through  Oreat  Britain 
Kor  «  M  it  confined,  as  majr  well  be  auppoaed,  to  the  British  idea. 
The  North  American  coloniea  were  proud  of  their  iellow  citizen, 
wh»,  firom  povertjr  and  obaeuritj,  had  reached  the  Lord  Majror^ 
ehair.  The  ambitieas  mother  quoted  him  to  her  emuloua  offapring. 
Thetiiriftj  merchant  at  Boaton,  would  aend  a  quintal  of  the  beat 
hie  ef  flhoato,  aa  a  preaent  to  hia  worahip;  and  once,  on  the  an- 
aaal  eleotion-daj,  the  reverend  gentleman,  who  officiated  on  the 
eeeeaieo,.in  commenting  on  the  hmpipj  auspices  of  thedmr,  (it 
waa  just  after  the  receipt  of  a  large  sum  of  money  from  England, 
on  neoount  of  the  expenses  of  tbe«olony  in  the  old  war,)  includ- 
ed  among  them,  that  a  son  of  New  Enf^and  bad  been  eotruated 
with  the  high  and  reaponaible  4utie8  of  the  Chief  Magiatrac/  of 
the  aaetropolia  ef  hia  nmjeaty'a  dominiona. 

It  m»y  weH  be  aupposed,  that  the  Americana,  who  went  Aoait 
(aa  it  waa  oaNid,  even  hi  the  caae  of  thoae,  who  were  bom  and 
hfad  in  the  coloniea)  were  veir  fond  of  aeeking  the  acqusintane* 
of  Sir*  Brook  Watson,  ftr  knighthood  had  followed  in  the  train 
of  his  other  honors.  QnMj  to  the  credit  of  his  worriup,  he 
uniferndy  received  them  with  kindness  and  cordiality,  and  instead 
ef  dianning  whiUever  recdled  his  humble  oriain,  he  paid  partio* 
n|np  attantion  to  avefr  one,  that  came  from  Saffaidahoe.  There' 
iM»hw^  a  aiiu|le  point  hi  hia  hiatorv  and  condition,  on  which  ha 
attniii  tiio  waat  aeneitiveneaa,  and  thia  waa  the  painfiil  ocour- 
Hfiot  which  had  deprived  htm  of  hb  limb.  Regret  at  thia  aeveiia 
kiaat  •  vivid  reeoneetien  of  the  a|ony,  whieh  hM  aceoinpanied  it;^ 
and'eaehably  no  httie  aanoyance  at  the  inceaaant  interrogaturiMT 
to  which  it  bad  expoaedf  him  through  lifl),  and  the  constant  repoti- 
tiank  to  which  it  had  driven  Urn  irf"  att  the  detaiI#of  thia  event,  had 
united  made  it  a  very  acre  anl^t  with  him.  He  at  length 
onaaad  himaelf  to  allnde  to  it,  and  hia  ftienda  pereeived,  liTtlie 
btevily  qf  hia  aaawers,  that  it  waa  a  topic  on  which  he  wished  to 
bnnfvad. 

Among  the  Amerionna  who^  obtained  an  introductfon  to  hia 
w«nli^&  London,  www  Aadial  Ferret  and  Richard  TeasewetL 
dteandl  nnkaea.  who  hadlbondlhelr  w^,  over  to  England,  witf 
*"  ht  dtiaaiim  tu.  lliayhnd  ohtaiaed  a iMtf  of  rf> 
IM  flam  n  Bwrahant  in BHalon  to  Sfar  Btotk,    fftaf 


■^i-f^^rnfi'i'ffl-'riijfifr    ' 


ii»>»iiii  fii 


„anmtmmt. 


mmm 


m 


_  no  WMOB  to  —mur  rt  tlwir  w— ytioo.  Hwr  wtn 
to  diae  with  hk  Ipnhhip,  tad  tioited  wtth  houty  honitaUt^  Mi 
frioBdahq).  The  dinnor  pavod  rathor  mIoiiIIt  awaj,  Ditf  with  am 
Bislect  of  the  oMin  end  of  tho  dinasr.  Oar  Taakee  ▼iwton  did 
Aul  jiutiee  to  hit  wonhip's  bountiful  fiuro.  Hmt  found  hiaaottoa 
fine;  hb  tnrhot  fine;  hie  etrong  beer  genuine  (ju  they  oalled  it); 
end  hie  wine  uwet  extraordineiy  good;  and  ■•  the  bottle  circidal- 
ed,  the  alight  r«preaaion  of  apinta,  under  which  they  eommenfoed,. 
poaaed  of.  They  beeame  proportionally  inquiaitive,  and  opeaad 
upon  their  countryman  a  ftui  battery  or  queationa.  They  boMa 
with  the  artielea,  that  fimned  the  deaaert;  and  aaked  whether  aia 
lordahip'a  peaehea  were  raiaed  in  hie  lordahi|^a  own  gardao. 
Wbmn  told  they  were  not,  they  made  ao  bold  aa  to  mquire,  wheAor 
ftejr  w«re  a  preaent  to  hia  lordahip  or  boughten.  The  maTor 
having  anawered  that  they  oame  firom  the  market,—"  might  they 
preauma  to  aak  how  much  they  had  coat?"  They  were  curtooa 
to  be  infermed  whe£ber  the  ailver  gift  apoona  were  aelid  awtal;— 
Itow  nMar  little  oneahia  worahip  had;  what  mwliwg  he  weat  to, 
•ad  whetner  his  lordahip  had  ever  heard  afir.  Whitcneld  preaeh; 
and.  if  he  did  not  think  him  a  fine  apeaker.  Iliey  were  anzioiia 
to  know,  whether  hia  lordahip  went  to  aee  hia  IMlqeaty  aocia^ 
■ow,  aa  you  would  run  in  ancTout  at  a  neighbor'a;  whether  hfir 
BMyeaty  wu  a  comely  peraonable  woman,  and  whether  it  waa  true, 
that  the  prince  waa  leA-handed,  and  iue  prineeaa  pock-niarked. 
They  inquired  what  hia  lordahip  waa  worth ;  how  much  he  uaed  to 

C,  aaeommiaaary;  how  much  he  gotaa  lord  mayor;  and  whether 
ladyahip  had  not  aomething  handaoma  of  her  own.  They 
were  anuoua  to  know,  what  hia  worahip  would  turn  hia  hand  t^ 
iHien  he  had  done  being  lord  mnror;  how  old  he  waa}  whether 
he  did  not  mean  to  go  back  and'  uve  in  America;  and  whether  it 
area  not  very  dieaaaat  to  hia  lorddiip,  to  meat  a  countryman  fireai 
New  EngluM.    To  all  theae  queatkma  and  a  great  many  BMfi» 

lordaiup  am 


equally  aearohing  and  to  the  point,  hia 


anawered  goad 


humoredly;  aonietiinea  with  a  direct  reply,  aometimea  evaam^, 
but  never  impatiently.  He  perceived,  newever,  that  the  iqiaatite 
el! -their  eurioaity  grew,  from  what  it  fod  on;  and  that  it  wodd  be 
aa  wiae  in  him  to  hope  for  reepite  on  th^  being  aatiafied,  aa  it 
waa  in  the  ruatic  to  wait  for  the  river  to  run  out 

Theae  aturdy  ^geationera  had  received  a  hint,  that  hia  lordahip 
waa  rather  aenaitive,  on  the  aubjeet  of  hia  limb,  and  not  fbad  ei 
bavins  it  alluded  to.  Thia,  &  coumo,  aerved  no  oth«r'purpeae, 
ttaa  that  of  imparting  to  them  an  intenae  deeire  to  know  everv 
ning  about  it.  They  had  never  beard  by  iriiat  accident  hi*  lov^* 
ahip  L^  met  thia  miafortune;  aa^  indeed  the  delicacy,  which  had 


ftryaara  been  obaerved  on  Uie  aufejeet,  in  the  cirele  of  hia  ftiaadp, 
hiMfnveated  the  aiagular  eircuadataaoee,  vAieh  i^-eariy  ^yqalk 
dtpntad  him  of  hia  Mg,  from  being  goMrall^  kaowa.  U  ma 
■jHrini  by  MOM,  that  IM  had  bra£m  itlnr«fidl«itlMiM,ia 


4 


1*1 


•nUOflTT  BAVVUP. 


Wl 


ij,  but  Willi  a* 

lee  Tuhcn  did 

luiid  hit-nntteB 

My  called  it); 

le  eireulal- 


y  commeaceo,. 
ke,  and  opeied 
I  TheybetHi 
BdiHietlier  ua 


own 

iquire,  wheAar 

I.    The  mam 

-"  might  thay 

f  were  enriou 

laoUdmalali— 

Mffbewantta, 

iteneld  preaeh; 

y  were  anxieiia 

igeety  aoeiaU^ 

l;  whether  h«r 

ler  it  waa  Iraa, 

pock-marked. 

luch  he  uaed  to 

r;  and  whether 

ler  own.    They 

omhiahaad  t^ 

a  waa|  whethar 

and  whether  it 

soantrymaa  fireai 

Mt  many  iMfti 

aaawered  goad 

timea  eraahra^, 

that  the  ^aetita 

tbatit  wodd  be 

gaatkified,  aa  it 

that  hia  loidduB 
and  not  faad  ef 
10  other 'parpeaa, 
tto  know  vmif 
looident  hi*  kiti>' 
iacy,  whieh  had 

tleofhiaitiMidik 
h  iaaaily  yaalk 
kaowa.    Ift  was 

Ul«ftUMkf,fB 


eroaaing  the  Kennebec  in  the  winter.  Othera  affirmed,  of  their 
certain  Knowledge,  that  he  waa  cruehed  in  a  raft  of  timber;  and  a 
third  had  heard  a  brother-in-law  declare,  that  he  atood  by  him, 
when  it  waa  shot  off,  before  Quebec.  In  fact, •many  peraona,  not 
^together  aa  curious  as  our  viaitanta,  really  wiahed  they  knew  how 
hif  lordship  lost  his  leg. 

This  prevailing  mystery,  the  good  humor  with  niiich  bis  worw 
dkip  hao  answered  their  other  t^neetions,  and  the  keen  sting  of 
curiosity  wrought  ujjHm  the  visiters,  till  they  were  almost  in  a 
frensy.  The  volubility,  with  which  they  put  their  other  qoea- 
tions,  arose,  in  part,  from  the  flutter  of  denre  to  probe  this  hidden 
matter.  They  looked  at  his  worship's  wooden  leg;  at  each  other; 
at  the  carpet;  at  the  ceiling;  and  finally,  one  of  tbeqn,  by  way 
of  a  feeler,  asked  his  lordship,  if  he  had  seen  the  new  model  of 
a  cork  leg,  contrived  by  Mr.  Rivetshin  and  highly  commended  in 
the  papers.  His  brdship  had  not  heard  of  it.  Baffled  inthia, 
they  aaked  his  lordship,  whether  he  supposed  it  was  very  painfiil 
to  lose  a  limb,  by  a  cannon  ball  or  a  grape  shot.  His  worship 
really  could  not  judffCj  he  had  never  had  that  misfortune.  They 
then  inquired  whether  caaualties  did  not  frequently  happen  to 
lomberers  on  the  Kennebec  river,  The  mayor  replied  tnat  tha 
poor  fellows  did  sometimes  slip  off  a  rolling  log,  and  get  drowned. 
"Were  there  not  bad  accidentain  crossing  the  river  on  the  ice?" 
Hia  lordship  had  heard  of  a  wagoa  of  produce,  that  had  been 
blown  down  upon  the  slippery  surface  of  the  ice,  horses  and  all, 
aa  ikr  aa  Meny  Meeting  Bay,  when  it  waa  brought  up  by  a  shot 
iroffl  fort  Charles,  which  struck  the  wagon  between  perch  ud 
•>le>tree4lnd  knocked  it  over;  but  his  lordahip  pleasantly  added, 
be  believed  it  was  an  exaggeration. 

Finding  no  possibility  of  getting  the  desired  information  by  aay 
mdirect  means,  they  began  to  draw  their  breath  hard;  to  thn^w 
oaick  glances  at  each'other  and  at  hk  lordahip'a  limb;  and  ia  a 
mw  momenta  one  of  them,  with  a  previoua  jerk  of  hia  head  aaA 
eompressioa  of  hia  lips,  aa  much  aa  to  aay,  "  I  will  know  it  or  die," 
ventured  to  take  the  Uberty  to  inquire,  if  he  might  preaume  ao 
flir,  aa  to  ask  his  lordship,  by  what  accident  he  had  baaa  deprived 
of  the  valuable  limb,  which  appeared  to  be  wanting  to  hto  lord- 
ahip'a otherwise  fine  person. 

His  lordahip  waa  amuaed  at  f  he  air  and  manaer  with  which  the 
qaeationwaa  pat;  like  thoeeof  a  raw  lad,  who  ahuta  hia  eya, 
whaa  takiaa  aim  with  a  gun.  The  displeasure  he  would  othar- 
wiae  have  telt  waa  turned  into  merrimeBt;  and  ha  idetenained  to 
sport  with  theur  unconscionable  oarioaity. 

"  Why,  anr  firiends,  said  he,  what  good- would  it  do  yoa  to  ba 
iillbnaad?  How  many  queatioBa  I  bava  already  aaawarad  yoa 
tUa  OHNraiagi  Ton  aow  aak  me  how  I  loat  my  lag;  if  I  pMSwar 
foa  08  that  paiat,  yoa  iHll  wiab  to  kaow  tha  wImb,  aid  tha 


I 


liii 


m 


ovwMn*  •AttlW. 


SSity'*      ^  ,.  ,  ..:fhi,lo«Wiip  would  but  conawewaj 

^iOh  BO."  they  wpl"-5,     «jj»  S^T^uid  agree  neTer  to  aA 

iim  enother.  .     _,„««i«t  muaios:  und  then  edfleoj  *" 

HtalewWiip  P*«^*  •  ?T!^I.S3»Je  tome  to  tbet  effect?" 
.  SS.  -^  wUl  you  pl«ag«  JSSSwi  uuSer  enr  obUf  etloo; 
* ?2r'A.^ere  waUng  to  Uy  then-ehrw  uw        /^    ^^^ 


Oii.  they  were  wflUHTjo  Uj^t^i-jJ-^^  '^Jrorili Sw 
rtj^Twouli  enter  »to_»!!!!i,rkS.ir?thott«d  po««»-.  if  th^y 


^  not  keep  their  word.    _^.vs.  «  t  .Aeant  tbe  conmtioa 

^tJiZ ..nftlAnien." 


t 


««"^^«'P  *!3li^?^"  .«d  hi.  lortUiip. "  I  •«!fi<i:,S^5 
•'  Done,  ««n*"'^"'J^n  and  take  your  bond  vfift  to  pw 
_I  wiUan.weryourqoe.tIo".*""'"    / 

deaire.  to  »^  ''^•'^^''•JSViightewd,  ho#  and  «  ^^* W 
•d.  aatirfed.  P»*  ■*''!& 'ScwTdteprived,  mutil^ed,  «"23* 
«,;  hia  eforeaaid  Jj^'^K^Tabaid.  abwjinded.  MfP-^ 
curtail^,  retrenohed.  «^"fi !lE?;  right  legt  w*.^'^'^ 

^'rf;;S»dwordiio.w^  ^to  puteome 

Se  iwd  Ferwt  wid  3i2ol«el  and  fto»^.  **  *•  '^"?"!!! 


ITT  BAfVilO 


\^ 


Ij  •aeit*  TMi 

«•  never  to  Mk 

MO  eadaa,  wWj 
to  tbet  effect?" 

•BT  oblisetioa; 
>rdehip  with  M17 

pouMit  if  w*7 

lepttbecon^lon 
oni  n|Bv«'  ^  P"* 

proepect  ofj^^ 

Mtfeotly  indiffef- 

^nio  the  objeet  of 

trbon  be  briefly 

%  bond,  for  the 

Inftynmant  WW 


»n.  of  the  town  of 
Mjeety'i  colony  of 

intJy  •»*  ••^•^y 
md  to  hii  wordiMp. 
r  of  tonfon,  to  hif 

nd  pounds  ftertog: 
id  aieifftte,  eoTonent 
lent  Urd  Mnyer  of 
d  ium  of  one  thoo- 
omedue.eccording 

h,  that.  whereM  tho 
and  county,  frc  «o 
Mrehip  their  ■troni 
told,  mede  eoqueint- 
ownndinwhatpianr 

,  niutU«te4,  mw»««» 
woinaed.  emputated* 

jbt  le«l  w«*5'l?!*?? 
Unim  conoeity  of 

•ut  ti^  to  put  iomo 
»h»  toihe  wimerone 


iWehip  hath  been'aorelT  teaaed,  worried,  wherreted,  perplend^ 
annoyed,  tormented,  afllicted,  aoured,  and  diaoouraged;  therefbre, 
to  the  end  aforeaaid,  and  in  consideration  of  the  premises  afore- 
said, his  worship  aforesaid*  hath  corenanted,  consented,  agreo^ 
promised,  contracted,  stipuhOed,  bargained,  and  doth,  he.  with 
the  said  Ferret  and  Teasewell,  6lc.  kc.  to  answer  such  ifuestion. 
as  they,  the  said  Ferret  and  Teasewell,  shall  put  and  propound 
to  hia  said  worahip,  in  the  premiaes,  touching  the  manner,  Sic.  fio. 
truly,  and  without  guile,  covin,  fraud,  or  falsehood:  and  the  aaid 
Ferret  and  Teasewell,  also,  do  on  their  part,  covenant,  consent, 
agree,  promise,  stipulate,  uid  bargain  with  his  aforesaid  worship, 
and  have,  &c.  that  they  will  never  propound,  or  put  any  farther 
or  different  question  to  his  aforeiaid  worship,  during  the  term  of 
their  natural  lives; — ^And  if  the  said  Ferret  and  Teasewell,  or 
either  of  them,  contrary  to  the  obligation  of  this  bond,  shall  at 
any  time  hereaAer,  put  or  propound  any  farther,  or  other,  or  di^ 
ferent  question  to  his  said  worship,  they  shall  jointbr  and  severaiyTj 
forfeit  and  pay  to  his  said  worship,  the  sum  aforesaid,  of  one 
thousand  pounds,  sterling  money;  and  if,  during  the  term  of  their 
natural  lives',  they  shall  utterly  forbear,  abstain,  ranounse,  aban^ 
don,  abjure,  withhold,  neglect,  and  omit,  to  priipound  any  such, 
other,  of  farther,  or  different  question,  to  his  aforesaid  worship, 
then  this  bond  shall  be  utterly  hull,  void,  and  of  no  effect;— 4ut 
otherwise  in  full  force  ahd  validity. 

Witness  our  hand  and  seal,  thi*  tenth  day  of  October,  in  tho 
year  of  our  Lord,  me  thousand  seven  hundred  and  sixty-nine. 

AsAHBi.  Fannax.  (Seal.^ 

RicHABD  TnAsxwu,!..    (Soal.) 


la  pCMMM*  of 

FnAifois  FAinanayioi. 
Samvbi.  Slttlat. 

Middlesex,  ss.  10th  October,  A.  D.  1769.  Then  personallj 
appeared  before  me,  the  aaid  Asahel  Ferret  and  Hichard  Toaso* 
well,  and  acknowledged  the  aforeaaid  obligathm  to  be  their  free 
act  and  deed. 

Attest    THOMAS  TkvuuM,  Jm^  efUtt  Psocs. 

Stamp,  9a." 

The  instrument  waa  omcttted,  Mlmded  to  hia  worahip,  and  d«> 
posited  in  his  scrutoiire.  .,  < 

"  Now.  gentlemen,"  said  he.,'*  I  am  randy  for  your  qnestron." 
l%ey  pauaed-a  moment,  frote  exceas  of  exeiteioaent  and  antiei- 

tation.    Their  foelinga  were  Jike  thmie  of  Gohimbus,  when  h« 
eheld  a  light  from  tlie  iE|M«^  ahoret;  like  Br.  Franklin'a, 
when  he  took  the  electric  spaA  from  the  string  of  his  kite. 

Ifi 


Uu!»BMllii»n II II  Willi 


ii<>lHiWHi.i,' 


_4J 

munm  umio'iiii"  i"*^ 


■«»♦   » 


no  »■  miTcmir  of  m  ABwrnAt. 

..  Your  lordihip  then  wiU  plowo  to  inform  ut.  how  your  lonU 

ikip*B  limb  WM  taken  off." 

••  It  was  bittem  orr!  -  .hock  from  an  electric 

They  parted,  "  JV'^'L.lfr^.lle.Mhey^^^^^^^    ewh  a 

in:  and  departed  rather  e™'»?""'*J  *"  „»  A^t  h«<»  lordship's  leg 
Y^a^  passed  an  afternoon  m  findmg  o«\J^J«  ^^J  '  „„«  o?  very 

Wto  bitten  off.     This  mode  «f  »"'"«  "^erTncrease^k  than  allayed 
we  occurrence,  their  curiosity  w«»  rather  ^^^^^      ^„^  ^eard 

by  the  information;  and  es  '»Yj;';,J°*°.?  whi.  do  you  'spose. 
^  the  aervants,  muttenng  to  each  other,      wno,  uq  7        »~ 
S^  off  bit  leB?"-JV.  EngUnid  Magazine. 


THE  BEiaBN  OP  THE  ADMIEAL. 

Bt  BAB*T.CoaKWAfcb. 

Bow  MMsnUy,  how  mmily, 

Ws  ride  slonc^  •« ' 
The  moming  is  aU  «>>^"*, 

Thewindlsblowiiifftee; 

The  billBws  srs  all  "pHf  «"f • 

And  boondiBf  to  *e  light 
lite  crestartt  in  wlw»  sunn*  »«MS 

•nw  bload  w  raaninc  bright 
All  nsUin  knows  our  innmpn : 

BUsn-e  Urds  sbout  ns  sweep ; 
a|Mn»  tUngt  >ane  up  to  look  st  ns, 
^Semsiitwsof  thedeep; 

In  our  wske,  like  sny  «er^ti 
PoUow.  own  the  fold  disrkj. 

Oh.  pfood  most  be  onr  Admiral 
dTsneh  «  bonny  barque ! 

Proud,  wmd  most  he  our  AAnlisl 

fjrtonrii  he  is  pale  to^sy.) 
Of  twice  fiVe  hundred  iron  men, 

Who  ell  Us  nod  obey }  ..^ 

Who've  fcnght  fct  him,  snd  ««J»«*- 

Who'«  won  with  swert  sad  goie, 
NoWUty  1  which  he  shjffl^hsve 

Whene'er  te  tonoh  the  atow- 
Oh !  woaM  I  wen  our  Adauisit 

Tomiu,  with  a  woi*-^ 


MnrwsMBtD  aujum 


in 


how  your  lonU 

• 

rom  an  electrio 

stepped  etch  a 

,  gaping  mouth, 

volley  of  quea- 

DIl. 

his  lip,  and  then 
iposited. 

they  were  taken 
dissatisfied,  with 
lis  lordship's  leg 
ling  one  of  very 
tsed  than  allayed 
,  they  were  heard 
0,  do  you  'sposo. 


iL. 


t'i  shMt  e'm  to  yoa  ibsij 

Wlw  follows  in  our  Im, 
«  loiiM  dar  1 11  vaakm  that  cany  ■», 

LUw  Ugbtning  throofli  tha  ssa  1 " 

— 'Tba  Admbakgrtw  psWr, 

And  pakr  ■■  wo  flew ; 
Btill  tslkod  he  to  hia  oiBeen, 

And  emiled  upon  hia  crew; 
And  he  kdwd  an  at  the  heavMS, 

And  he  looked  down  on  the  ses. 
And  at  laat  he  wied  the  eieatm* 

That  kept  folMwing  in  oar  lee. 
He  ahocA-^'t  wai  but  an  inataat— 

Fw  apeedilj  tl     pride 
Baa  eiimson  to  his  neart. 

Till  all  ohaaeea  iM  defied ; 
It  threw  boMneaa  <m  hia  fiirahead ; 

Osve  firmneaa  to  hia  breath ; 
And  he  alood  like  some  grim  watriei 

New  risen  np  ftom  derai. 

That  night,  a  horrid  whimper 

Fell  on  OS  when  wo  kj, 
And  we  knew  our  old  fine  Admitw 

Was  chan«ng  into  day ; 
And  we  beard  the  waah  of  watets, 

Thoorii  notUng  eoold  ws  ssa, 
And  a  whistle  and  a  plnjigs 

Among  the  biUowa  in  onr  let ! 
"nil  dawn  we  watehed  the  body 

In  ito  dead  and  i^aaUy  stoop, 
And  next  evening  at  snmet, 

It  was  sltng^to  ths  dstp  I 
And  never,  from  that  laeiiieati 

iave  oae  shaddsr  thrao^  the  aaa 
••w  we  (or  hssrd)  ths  shsik 

That  had  fbltowsd  ia  oar  Isa  I 


V 


BHIPWREGKED  MARINERS  SATED  THROUGH 
A  DREAM. 

lo  Jane,  1695,  the  ship  Mary,  commanded  hy  Captaw  Jones, 
with  a  crew  of  tw«nty-two  men,  sailed  from  Spithead  for  the 
West  Indies;  and  contrary  to  the  remonstrances  of  one  Adams 
on  board,  the  master  steered  a  course  which  brought  the  vessel 
on  the  Caskets,  a  large  bo^  of  roeka,  two  or  three  leaguea  south 
east  of  Guernsey,  ft  was  about  three  o'clock  in  the  morning, 
when  the  ahip  struck  against  the  iugh  rock,  and  all  the  bowa  war* 
stove  in;  the  water  entered  moat  rapidly,  and  in  less  than  half  an 
hour,  sha  sunk.    Thosa  of  th«  ev«w  who  war*  ia  tha  Ibra  part  of 


V 


HBOI   ' 


the  ship,  got  upon  the  rook;  but  the  reet,  to  the  number  of  eight, 
urbo  were  in  the  hind  part,  sunk  directly,  and  were  teen  no  more. 
Adams  and  thirteen  mdre,  who  were  on  the  rock,  had  not  t  jne  to 
lave  any  thing  out  of  the  ship  for  their  aubaiitence;  and  the  place 
afforded  them  none,  nor  even  any  ahelter  from  the  heat  of  the 
■un.  The  first  day  they  went  down  the  rock,  and  gathered 
limpets,  but  finding  that  they  increased  their  thirst,  they  eat  no 
more  of  them.  The  third  day  they  killed  the  dog  which  had  sw..in 
to  the  rock,  and  eat  him,  or  rather  chewed  his  flesh,  to  allay  their 
thirst,  which  was  excessive.  They  passed  nine  days  without  ainr 
other  food,  and  without  any  prospect  of  relief;  their  flesh  wasteo, 
their  sinews  shrunk,  and  their  mouths  parched  with  thirst;  on  the 
tenth  day,  they  agreed  to  cast  lots,  that  two  of  the  company  should 
die,  in  order  to  preserve  the  rest  a  little  longer.  When  the  two 
men  were  marked  out,  they  were  willing  and  ready  to  stab  them- 
selves, as  had  been  agreed  on  with  horrible  ingenuity,  in  order 
that  those  who  were  living  might  put  a  tobacco  pipe  into  the  inci- 
•:on,  and  each  in  his  turn  suck  so  many  gulphs  of  blood  to  quench 
his  thirst!  But  although  the  necessity  was  so  pressing,  they 
were  yet  unwilling  to  resort  to  this  dreaduil  extremity,  and  resolved 
to  stay  one  day  more  in  hopes  of  seeing  a  ship.  The  next  day, 
no  relief  appearing,  the  two  wretched  victims  on  whom  the  lots 
had  fallen,  stabbed  themselves,  the  rest  sucked  their  blood,  and 
were  thus  revived  for  a  short  time.  They  still  donlinued  to  make 
signals  of  distress,  and  having  hoisted  a  piece  of  a  shirt  on  a  stick, 
it  was  at  length  seen  by  a  ship's  crew  of  Guernsey,  one  Taskard, 
master,  bound  from  that  island  to  Southampton.  They  were  all 
taken  on  board,  when  eaeh  had  a  glitis  of  eider  and  water  to 
drink,  which  refreshe4  them  considerably;  but  two  of  them  eager- 
ly seizing  a  bottle,  drank  to  eteesa,  which  eaused  the  death  of 
botfi  in  less  than  two  hoiiri.  ' 

The  most  remarkable  circumstance  connected,  with  this  ship* 
wreek,  is  yet  to  be  mentioned.  It  was  with  great  reluctance  that 
Taakard  brought  his  'ilhip  ni'ar  the  Caskets,  which  were  out  of 
Us  course;  but  he  was  very  much  importuned  by  his  son,  who 
had  twice  dreamed  that  there  were  men  in  distress  ttp<m  thew 
roels; '  The  ftther  reflised  to  notice  the  first  dream,  ahd  was 
angry  with  his  son;  nor  wonld  he  have  yielded  on  the  second,  if 
there  had  been  a  favorable  wind  to  go  on  his  own  coarse. 


^«^S^I^^iSgftg®a!aivvaJc^*^i*53E?e*«'=«'»^-^'  w  i^- 


»'«bW«i'' 


I  number  of  eight, 
sre  seen  no  more, 
k,  had  not  tjneto 
ice;  and  the  place 
B  the  heat  of  the 
;k,  and  gathered 
hirst,  they  eat  no 

i  which  had  sw^oi 
esh,  to  allajr  their 
)  days  without  ai^ 
their  flesh  wasted, 
with  thirst;  on  the 
lie  company  should 
r.  When  the  two 
eady  to  stab  them- 
iugenuity,  in  order 

pipe  into  the  inci- 
of  blood  to  quench 

so  pressing,  they 
smity,  and  resolved 
p.  The  next  day, 
I  on  whom  the  lot* 
id  their  blood,  and 
[  Continued  to  make 
)f  a  shirt  on  a  stick, 
nsey,  one  Taskard, 
n.  They  were  all 
cider  and  water  to 
two  of  them  eager- 
iused  the  death  of 

ited  with  this  diip* 
reat  reluctance  that 
which  were  out  of 
ed  by  his  son,  who 
listreaa  upon  theie 
rst  dream,  ahd  wu 
d  on  the  second,  if 
own  coune 


itiistmtkA^mmu.  ifiS 


A  FOUTE  SEA-ROBBER 

We  often  read  of  extremely  polite  and  jrentleraanly  hiffhwavaMB. 
who  rob  with  such  marvellous  courtesy  that  a  m^n  can  hardly  feel 
it  in  his  heart  to  withhold  his  watch,  his  purse,  or  aught  of  goods 
and  chattels  that  he  may  chance  to  have  about  bro.--But  it  ts 
quite  otherwise  with  your  sea  robbers,  alia$  pirates,  who  Me  rep- 
resented as  a  most  brutal  and  unfeelina  set,  who  have  not  the  least 
dash  of  politeness  about  them,  to  redeem  their  characters  from 
unmitigated  odium.  Such  being  their  general  reputation,  it  ta 
with  no  slight  feeling  of  relief  that  we  read  the  account  of  so  pol- 
ished and  courteous  a  villain  as  the  one  described  below.  It  M 
extracted  from  the  "  Advenfures  of  a  Wanderer.*;    He  had  ship*. 

Sd  at  New  Orleans,  on  board  the  Governor  Gnswold,  bound  to 
avana  and  Liverpool,  as  steward: — 

We  got  (says  he)  under  way,  and  proceeded  down  the  mtt 
until  we  came  to  a  place  called  the  English  Turn,  when  a  boat, 
manned  by  twelve  or  fourteen  men,  came  off  from  shore,  and 
when  they  had  arrived  within  hail  they  called  to  us  and  asked  if 
we  wanted  a  pilot.  The  Captain  answered,  "No;"  whereupon 
the  man  in  the  stern  of  the  boat  ordered  one  of  the  men  to  "row 
him  a  rope.  The  rope  was  handed  him,  and  it  bemg  made  fart 
to  the  boat,  he  came  alongside.  He  ascended  the  ladder,  and 
came  on  board  with  all  his  men,  excepting  four  who  remained  m 
the  boat.  The  captain  of  these  desperadoes  was  a  tall  man,  darK 
complexioned,  and  terrible  in  aspect.  His  eye  wm  black  and 
piercing,  his  nose  slightly  Roman,  and  he  wore  a  hugO  pair  of 
sable  mustachios.  His  men  were  a  ferocious  looking  band,  har- 
dy and  syn  burnt.  He  saluted  the  captain  in  a  courteous  manner, 
and  was  profuse  in  compliments.  -  ■, 

His  men,  who  wore  long  red  Indian  stockuugs,  red  cajMi,  apd 
were  armed  with  pistols  and  knives,  sauntered  carelessly  about 

the  deck.  ,  u      j    u 

The  pirate  captain  asked  our  captain  where  he  was  bound;  he 
answered  correctly,  "  To  Liverpool  via  Havana.      _ 

Our  captain  then  cut  short  the  interrogation  of  the  pirate,  ny 
saying,  ••  I  know  your  business."  .    .  ^.  u-*  — ^ 

The  pirate  then  turned  to  our  crew,  and  asked  them  what  son 
of  usage  they  had  received  sincfe  they  left  Europe., 

"  T^lerabfe,"  they  replied,  "  but  very  little  grog. 

The  pirate  then  called  for  the  steward.    I  made  my  appearance. 


<     ,, 


tjjiiJlitWrtfri •  •'  in '■■■'—* -■'  -'n*r-fi,tMt, 


M.  ■i.,.inr;,i»iii'ii'ii^i"^ 


<««PI 


nM 


A.  MUTB  nA-MBBIB. 


filM  it  with  liquor.    I  then  took  it  fonrwd  to  the  Ibneaitle, 
vriJMre  the  men  received  it  and  conveyed  it  below. 

'  A\soon  M  the  crew  h«d  got  below,  and  were  afsembled  around 
the  bucket,  the  pirate  placed  two  of  hia  men  upon  the  acuttle  to 
pvevent  an/  of  the  crew  from  coming  on  deck,  while  he  with  two 
of  hit  gang  stuck  close  to  the  captain  and  mate. — "Now,  atAW- 
ard,"  said  the  pirate,  "  go  down  and  invite  all  your  pa8f<enger»  to 
come  on  deeh."  1  did  as  I  was  ordered.  Our  passenffers  were 
a  lady  and  two  small  children,  and  a  gentleman  who  hao  been  en- 
gaged in  teaching  a  school  in  New  Orleans,  but  havmg  received 
a  letter  purporting  that  the  death  of  a  near  relation  had  left  him 
heir  to  a  large  fortune,  had  embarked  for  his  home,  which  wai 
London. 

These  persons  came  on  deck.  The  lady  was  much  frightened, 
but  the  pirate  told  her  to  be  under  no  apprehension,  ancTsoothed 
her  with  language  which  would  not  have  disgraced  the  court  of 
Orettt  Britain.  The  pirate  now  gave  orders  to  bring  up  th&  gen 
tleman's  trunk.  The  trunk  was  laid  at  his  feet.— "Now  "  said 
he,  "bring  up  all  the  captain  and  mate's  property."  They  also 
were  produced. 

He  then  proceeded  tb  overhaul  the  captain's  trunk,  which  con 
tabed  "  no  great  shakes." 

'  Captain,  you  have  a  very  poor  kit!'  said  he,  with  a  scornfiil 
smile. 

The  pirate  then  examined  the  passenger's  trunk.  It  contained 
about  four  hundred  and  fortv  dollars  in  specie.  In  rummaging  the 
trunk,  the  pirate  fell  in  with  the  letter  containing  the  information 
in  respect  to  the  fortune  which  had  been  left  the  pa8s«nger. 
This  letter  the  pirate  read,  and  giving  a  significant  glance  at  the 
fbrtunate  man  whose  direction  it  bore,  folded  it  up  carefoUy  and 
Laid  it  down. 

He  then  turned  to  the  captain,  and  asked  him  if  the  man  Md 
paid  his  passage.  '  No.  *  answered  the  captain.  '  How  muhh  does 
hi*  passage  cost  ? '  inquured  the  pirate.  '  Two  hundred  and  tw«B^ 
doUwv,'  replied  the  cqitain.  'That  you  must  lose,'  said  tk» 
pir«t«. 

Then  turning  to  the  passenger—'  You,'  said  he,  '  I  will  treat 
fhirif  t  Tott  Will  want,'  continued  the  pirate,  'when  you  arrive 
at  liverpool,  two  dollars  to  pay  the  portisr  ^r  carrving  your  trunk ; ' 
ha  laid  down  the  money;  'your  pusage  to  Lonoon  will  cost  yon 
■£t  lOs,'  he  counted  it  out  and  placed  it  with  tht  two  dollars; 
yonr  dinner  will  come  to  five  shillbigs,  and  you  nay  want  <S  more 
to  treat  some  of  your  fUends/  he  laid  down  the  money  whh  the 
rest, '  and  for  fear  th«t  will  not  be  sufficient,  here  are  twenty-five 
dellMt  more.'  He  presented  the  amount  of  these  several  iteme 
to  the  passenger,  gave  th«  remainder  to  one  of  his  gang,  and  told 
U«  to  i«ss  ii  into  the  boat. '  He  thfta  very  courteously  asked  the 
«rwy.    Tba  eaptaio  pulled  out  a  Iwe  watch,  and  (nawend 


liiliiiiiii mill r  ummwm 


tKtsMm 


▲  roura  tiAHwian. 


m 


Um  <braeaati«, 

rambled  around 
the  ■cuttle  to 
lie  he  with  two 
•"Now,  itAw- 
lur  pasfenger^  to 
'  DaMensen  ware 
irho  had  been  en« 
having  received 
ition  had  left  him 
ome,  which  wat 

much  frightened, 
ion,  and  soothed 
ced  the  court  of 
>ring  up  thft  gen 
—"Now"  said 
rty."    They  alio 

Tunk,  which  con 

,  with  a  scornfiil 

nk.  It  contained 
[n  rummaging  the 

fthe  information 
the  passenger. 
:ant  glance  at  the 
up  carefblly  and 

n  if  themanlMd 
'  How  mubh  4dm 
mdred  and  twan^ 
It  lose,'  said  tha 

I  he,  '  I  will  trMt 
'when  you  arrive 
'fing  your  trunk;' 
son  will  coat  yon 
tht  two  dollar! ; 
ray  want  4S  mora 
I  money  wkh  th« 
«  are  tw«nty-flva 
■ae  several  itama 
lis  gang,  and  toM 
teoualy  aakadtbt 
ih.  and  poawarad 


that  it  was  half  past  three.  '  Tour  wirtoh  takes  my  iknejr  i 
said  the  pirate,  and  taking  it  from  the  captain,  he  put  it  intoliia  I 
with  great  noacAalaiiee,  aiM  walked  awa^  to  the  forecastle.  '  Cona 
up  here  two  of  you  who  are  sober,'  said  he.  Two  of  them  ftuin* 
bled  up,  and  the  r«it  came  reeling  after. 

"  Go  down  into  Ihe  cabin,  and  bring  me  up  all  the  small  ama 
you  can  find,"  said  the  |Mrate.  The  two  first  sailors  went  down, 
and  soon  returned  with  an  old  fowling  piece  and  a  pair  of  pistols. 

"  Now,"  said  he,  turning  to  the  sailors, "  if  any  of  you,  boys,  wish 
to  change  your  situation  tor  better  pay  and  a  shorter  passage,  I 
will  give  you  a  chance;  for  rent  I  am  after  and  rent  I'll  have' 
But  stop!  cried  he,  "this  lady  I  had  almost  forgotten;  come  here, 
madam,  and  let  me  hear  a  little  of  your  worldly  cgncems." 

She  immediately  commenced  an  eloquent  harangue,  accompa* 
nied  with  tears.'  She  hac'.  gone  on  for  some  time  in  this  manner, 
when  the  pirate  immediately  cried,  'Avast!  avast!  there,  that's 
enough,  I'd  sooner  face  the  battery  of  a  ninety-eight,  than  stem 
the  torrent  of  female  eloquence!" 

He  then  ordered,  some  brandy  for  himself  and  his  men. 

The  liquor  was  brought;  I  poured  out  a  glasaful  for  him,  whtn 
ha  said,  "  Stop!  captain  juat  be  so  good  as  to  drink  this  off  your* 
self !  after  you  is  mannerb.  I  don't  Know  what  some  of  you  i  an- 
kae  inventors  may  have  put  into  this  liquor-  You  may  have 
thrown  an  onyx  in  the  cup.  The  captain  drank  it  off  readily 
Tba  pirate  eyed  the  captain  closelv  for  a  few  moments,  and  then 
■aid  to  his  followers,  "  Come,  my  boys,  we  may  venture,"  and tha 
decanter  was  soon  drained  of  its  contents.  The  pirate  then  point' 
ed  to  the  maintop,  and  requested  the  captain  to  take  a  walk  up 
that  way.  "And  you,  Mr.  Mate,"  said  he,  "  begin  totravel  iip  the 
fererigging.  But  mind!"  said  he,  "  stop  when  I  tell  yo.:!"  The 
captain  and  mate  had  proceeded  half  way  up  the  lower  rigging, 
when  he  summoned  them  to  halt.  The  captain  was  about  stepping 
upon  the  next  rattling,  when  the  pirate  again  hailed  him — "  If  you 
■tir  an  inch  backward  or  forward,"  aaid  be,  "  you  will  comedown 
fluter  than  you  went  up."  The  captain  looked  down  and  saw 
several  pistols  levelled  at  him,  ready  to  be  discharged  on  the  in- 
stant.    He  then  remained  stationary. 

Then  the  pirate  taking  off  his  cap,  addressed  the  paaaengeit. 
He  told  them  he  was  ones  poor  bimaelf,  and  therefore  knew  now 
to  aynqMthiie  with  persons  in  distress.    He  hoped  they  would  be 

Sleful  for  the  lenity  which  he  had  f  bown  them,  anatben  wiali- 
then  a  pleaaant  voyage,  be  stepped  over  the  aide  into  hiaboal, 
waasoeo  loat  to  our  view  beneath  the  foliage  of  .the  tUok 
underwood  whioh  lined  the  shore  and  hung  over  the  greea 
WAve. 


""PW—iiWiii  iui  I  »<  u 


iliMMJIMMiMiliMMM 


«llit«<iil« 


m 


JfUt  MBA-JIBD'S  BOHOv— n  «.  o.  ipMfr  -v^ 

Ok  tha  daep  it  the  imriiwr'i  daanr, 

Oo  the  deep  is  the  maiiiiet'i  wath; 
WhetofearoTtbetempMtKelMkfar, 
■MB  the  kit  babble  bmt  of  his  VMth  r 
Tie  the  aevbiid,  lea-bM,  Mkted, 
'  Lone  looker  on  demir, 
The  eea-bifd,  eefbinf,  eeaJrfid, 
The  only  witneea  tbete. 

Who  watches  their  oonne  who  so  nikUy, 

Career  to  the  kiss  of  the  b'reeae  ? 
Who  Ihrts  to  their  ehrieka,  who  ra  wildly 

Af«dasped  in  the  anna  of  the  saaa! 

"fia  the  aevUid,  eefrUni,  Bsa^Mld,  4M. 

Who  horem  on  high  o'er  the  lofcr, 
And  her  who  has  einnf  to  hie  neek  ? 

Whoee  wine  ia  the  wine  that  ean  oover, 
With  ita  ahadows  the  Tonndeiinf  wieer  r 

'Tie  the  aea-Urd,  aea^biid,  aaspbird.  As. 

My  eye  la  the  light  of  the  billow, 
My  wing  on  the  wake  of  the  wave— 

I  shall  take  to  my  breaat—lbr  a  pillow— 
The  ahrond  of  the  fUr  and  the  bisTe— 

I'm  the  aea-bird,  aes'bird,  aea-biid,  *«, 

My  foot  on  the  ice-benr  has  lighted 

When  hoarse  the  wUd  winds  veer  ahoat, 
My  eye  when  the  bark  ia  benighted 
Beea  the  hunp  of  the  light-honee  go  oat 
I'm  the  eeapUrd;  ae»-bir«l,  ae»Urd, 
Lone  looker  on  deepair, 
'     The  aea-bir<{,  aea-bird,  ssMiid, 
The  only  witness  then. 


fICEUNQS  EXCITED  BT  A  LONG  VOTAGS. 

▼WIT  TO  A  NEW  OONTUnSNT<-Bt  W^smjif  »•»  I«tw«. 

T^  aa  Amerieao  Tintiog  Enrop«.  the  long  wyg*  he  hu  to 
radio  Is  an  excellent  preperative.  From  the  moinent  you  loae 
'ii|ht  of  the  land  you  have  left,  all  ia  vacancy  until  you  Htep  upon 
£e  oppoaite  ahore,  and  are  lyinched  at  ooce  into  the  buatle  and 
B0f<ittlM  of  another  world. 


y^^Sik'  hMnm  in  i  idHO  rorini. 


tin 


VOTAG&. 

»»  Utwc 

)7«ge  he  hu  to 

DlMiit  you  lOM 

i)  you  Htep  upon 

the  buitle  end 


I  have  said  that  at  sea  all  is  vacancy.  I  •hould  correct  the 
expression.  To  one  given  up  f  o  day-dreaming,  and  fond  of  losing 
himHelfin  reveries,  a  sea  voyage  is  full  of  subjects  for  medrtatfcn; 
but  then  they  are  the  wonders  of  the  deep,  and  of  the  air,  and  . 
rather  tend  to  abstract  the  mind  from  worldly  themes.  I  delight- 
ed to  loll  over  the  quarter  railing,  or  to  climb  to  the  main  top  on 
a  calm  day,  and  to  muse  for  hours  together  on  the  tranquil  bosom 
of  a  summer's  sea;  or  to  gaze  upon  the  piles  of  golden  clouds 
iust  peering  above  the  horizon,  fancy  them  some  fairy  realms, 
and  people  them  with  a  creation  of  my  own,  or  to  watch  the  gen- 
tle undulating  billows  rolling  their  silver  volumes,  as  li  to  die 
away  on  thoao  happy  shores.  ,     .   ,  ..        j 

There  was  a  delicious  sensation  of  minaled  security  and  awe, 
with  which  I  looked  down  from  my  giddy  height  on  the  monsters 
of  the  deep  at  their  uncouth  gambols.  Shoals  of  porpoises  tum- 
bling about  the  bow  of  the  ship;  the  grampus  slowly  heaving  his 
huae  form  above  the  surface,  or  the  ravenous  shark,  darting  like 
a  spectre  through  the  blue  waters.  My  imagination  would  con- 
jure up  all  that  I  had  heard  or  read  of  the  watery  world  beneath 
me,  of  the  finny  herds  that  roam  its  fathomless  vallejrs;  of  the 
shapeless  monsters  that  lurk  among  the  very  founf^auons  of  the 
earth;  and  those  wild  phantasms  which  swell  the  tales  of  fish- 
ermen and  sailors. 

Sometimes  a  distant  sail  gliding  along  the  edge  of  the  ocean 
would  be  another  theme  for  idle^  speculation.  How  interesting 
this  fragment  of  a  world  hastening  to  rejoin  the  great ."»»"  <>» 
existence!  What  a  glorious  monument  of  human  invention,  that 
has  thus  triumphed  over  the  wind  and  wave;  has  brought  the 
ends  of  the  earth  to  communion,  has  established  an  interchange 
of  blessings,  pouring  into  the  steril  regions  of  the  north  all  the 
luxuries  of  the  south;  diffused  the  liaht  of  knowledge  and  the 
charitiea  of  cultivated  life;  and  has  tlius  bound  together  thoao 
scattered  portions  of  the  h  n.i  race,  between  which  nature 
oeemed  to  have  thrown  an  insir  .countable  barrier! 

We  one  day  descried  aome  tt-.^Mwr.  object  driftmg  at  a  dis- 
tance. At  sea  every  hu*  t,>,  t  roui'r  the  monotony  of  the 
surrounding  expanse  attracts  th.  .  (antvan.  It  proved  to  be  the 
mast  of  a  ship  that  inu-t  hs>:n  been  cownletely  wrecked;  for  thoro 
were  the  remains  of  handW^  .iftl^jfi  by  w.ic.  some  of  the  cre#  had 
fastened  themselves  to  ih"  t,)ar  to  prev  nt  their  being  w»ahed 
off  by  the  waves.  Thftf -^  ^ai«  no  t'^ce  bv  wnifh  the  name  ot  the 
Bhip  could  be  nscertaaed.  The  wr«ck  had  svidently  drifted 
about  many  months;  clusters  of  shell-fish  had  fas'ened  about  it, 
and  long  sea  weeds  flaunted  at  its  sides.  But  where,  thought  1, 
is  the  crew?  Their  slroggle  has  long  been  over;— they  havo 
gone  down  amidst  the  roar  of  the  ;orapest;~their  bonea  lio 
whitening  in  the  caverns  of  the  deep.  Silence— obuvion,  l»« 
the  Waves  have  closed  over  them,  and  no  one  can  tell  the  stoiy 
oftboir 


Sff^WtXttti' 


ijiit  ■  iciaawiff^'^'''*"^'^'""''*'' 


178 


V  mUlfOI  BXOiraD  BT  a  UMI*  TOTAtfl. 


What  sighs  hare  been  wafted  after  that  sbipt  what  prajeM  of^ 
t:  Ibred  up  at  the  deserted  fireside  of  home!    How  often  has  the 

nuBtress,  the  wife,  and  the  mother,  pored  over  the  daily  news,  to 
catch  some  casual  intellisence  of  this  rover  of  the  deep!  How 
has  expectation  darkened  into  anxiety — anxiety  into  dread— 'and 
dread  into  despair!  Alas!  not  one  memento  shall  erer  retwrn  for 
lore  to  cherish.  Ail  that  shall  ever  be  known  is  that  she  sailed 
from  her  port  "  and  was  never  heard  of  morn.-" 

The  sight  of  the  wreck  as  usual  gave  rise  to  many  dismal  an- 
ecdotes. This  was  particularly  the  case  in  the  evening  when  the 
Weather  which  had  hitherto  been  (air  began  to  look  wild  and 
threatening,  and  gave  indications  of  one  of  those  sudden  storms 
that  will  sometimes  break  in  upon  the  serenity  of  a  summer  voy' 
age.  As  we  sat  around  the  dull  light  of  a  lamp,  in  the  cabin,  that 
made  the  gloom  more  ghastly,  every  one  had  his  tale  of  ship 
Mrreck  and  disaster.  I  was  particularly  struck  with  a  short  one 
related  by  the  captain. 

"  As  I  was  once  sailing,"  said  he,  "  in  a  fine  stout  ship,  across 
the  banks  of  Newfoundland,  one  of  the  heavy  fogs  that  prevail 
in  those  parts  rendered  it  impossible  for  me  to  see  far  ahead  even 
in  the  daytime;  but  at  night  the  weather  was  so  thick  that  we 
could  not  distinguish  any  object  at  twice  the  length  of  our  ship. 
I  kept  lights  at  the  mast  head  and  a  constant  watch  forward  to 
look  out  for  fishing-smacks,  which  are  accustomed  to  lie  at  an- 
chor on  the  banks.  The  wind  was  blowing  a  smacking  breeze, 
and  we  were  going  at  a  great  rate  through  the  water.  Suddenly 
the  watch  gave  the  alarm  of  "  a  sail  ahead!"  but  it  was  scarcely 
uttered  till  we  were  upon  her.  She  was  a  small  schooner  at 
anchor  with  her  broad  side  towards  us.  The  crew  were  all 
asleep,  and  had  neglected  to  hoist  a  light.  We  struck  her  just 
amid-d|ips.  The  force,  the  size,  and  weight  of  our  vessel,  bore 
her  down  below  the  waves;  we  passed  over  her  and  were  hurried 
on  our  course. 

"As  the  crashing  wreck  was  sinking  beneath  us,  I  had  a  gliropse 
of  two  or  three  half  <naked  wretches,  rushing  from  her  cabin ( 
they  had  just  started  from  their  cabins  to  be  awallowad  shrieking 
by  the  waves.  I  heard  their  drowning  cry  niasled  with  f!)--} 
mo^.  The  blast  that  bore  it  to  our  ears  swapt  us  o«t  of  a^!  '  .r- 
il'er  bMuriag.  I  shall  never  fbrget  that  cry!  It  waa  some  time 
iMsfore  we  could  put  the  ship  about,  she  was  under  such  headway. 
We  returned  as  nearly  as  we  ootUd  gues£  to  the  place  where  the 
ship  waa  anchored.  We  cruised  about  for  several  hours  in  the 
.ionse  fog.  We.  fired  sevwal  guns,  and  listened  if  we  might 
hear  the  hallo  of  any  survivors;  but  all  was  silent— we  never  heard 
*  nor  saw  any  thkig  of  tbem  more!" 

It  waa  a  fine  sunny  morning  when  the  thrilliog  ory  of  land! 
waa  givaa  from  the  maat4Mad.  I  question  whether  Columbuo, 
when  ho  dieooverad  the  new  world,  wit  a  mere  delioioua  tkroag 


Itfl. 


ynuiiaa  ueinw  n  a  uira  mia*. 


m 


rhat  fnjtnot 
often  has  the 

I  daily  news,  to 
he  deep!  Hotr 
Into  dread-^and 
|l  ef  er  retarn  for 

I  that  she  sailed 

lany  dismal  an- 
vening  when  the 
o  looK  wild  and 

sudden  storms 
i*  a  summer  vojr- 
n  the  cabin,  that 
his  tale  of  ship 
with  a  short  one 

itout  ship,  across 
bgs  that  prevail 
ie  far  ahead  even 
lo  thick  that  we 
ngth  of  our  ship, 
watch  forward  to 
ned  to  lie  at  an< 
imacking  breeze, 
vater.  Suddenly 
it  it  was  scarcely 
mail  schocner  at 
e  crew  were  all 
e  struck  her  just 
our  vessel,  bore 
and  were  hurried 

s,  I  had  a  glimpse 
from  her  cabins 
illowad  shrieking 
niagled  with  fb.-s 
us  dut  of  tiV  :  r- 
U  waa  some  tkne 
ir  such  headway, 
I  place  where  the 
»ral  hours  in  the 
led  if  we  might 
—we  never  beard 

ling  ory  of  land! 
•tner  Colunbuo, 
delioious  thrasf 


of  MMilioBs  than  rash' into  an  Ameiiean'i  boaomwhen  he  Ant 
come*  in  sight  of  Europe.    Thisre  is  a  volume  of  aaaociations  ia» 
the  Terr  name.    It  is  that  land  of  promise,  teeming  with  eveij 
thing  of  which  his  childhood  has  heard,  or  on  which  hia  studioua 
yeara  have  pondered. 

From  that  time  until  the  period  of  our  arrival  it  was  all  feveriah 
excitement.  The  ships  of  war  that  prowled  like  ^ardian  gianta 
round  the  coast;  the  headlands  of  Ireland  stretchmg  out  into  the 
channel;  the  Welsh  mountains  towering  into  the  clouds;  all  were 
objects  of  intense  interest.  As  we  sailed  up  the  Mersey,  I  recon- 
noitred the  shores  with  a  telescope.  My  eye  dwelt  with  delight 
on  neat  cottages,  with  their  tnm  shrubberies  and  green  grass 
plots.  I  saw  the  moulderins  ruins  of  an  abbey  overrun  with  ivy, 
and  the  taper  spire  of  a  vilbge  church  rising  from  the  brow  of 
a  neighboring  hill — all  were  characteristic  of  England. 

The  tide  and  wind  were  so  favorable,  that  the  ship  was  enabled 
to  come  at  once  at  the  pier.  It  was  thronged  with  people ;  some 
idle  lookers-on,  others  eager  expectants  of  some  friends  or  rela- 
tives. I  could,  distinguuh  the  merchant  to  whom  the  ship  be- 
longed. I  knew  him  by  his  calculating  brow  and  restless  air. 
His  hands  were  thrust  into  his  pockets;  he  was  whistling  thought- 
fully, and  walking  to  and  fro,  a  small  space  having  been  accord- 
ed to  him  by  the  crowd,  in  deference  to  his  temporary  importance. 
There  were  repealed  cheerings  and  salutations  interchanged  be- 
tween the  shore  and  the  ship,  as  friends  happened  to  recogniae 
each  other. 

But  I  particularly  noted  one  young  woman  of  humble  dreaa, 
but  interesting  demeanor.  She  was  leaning  forward  from  among 
the  cro«'d,  her  eye  hurried  o'er  the  ship,  as  it  neared  the  ahore, 
to  catch  some  wished  for  countenance.  She  seemed  disappoint- 
ed and  agitftted  when  I  heard  a  lUnt  voice  call  her  name.  It 
was  from  a  poor  sailor,  who  had  been  ill  all  the  voyage,  and  had 
excited  the  sympathy  of  every  one  on  board.  When  the  weath- 
er was  fine,  his  messmates  had  spread  a  mattraas  for  him  on  daek 
in  the  shade,  but  of  late  bis  illness  had  ao  increaaed  that  ha  had 
taken  to  his  hann  jck,  and  had  only  breathed  a  wish  that  h« 
miffht  aae  hia  wiiV;  before  he  died. 

He  h$A  baen  helped  on  deck  aa  we  came  up  the  river,  Mil 
waa  now  leaniag  against  the  shrouda,  with  a  eountenanM  ao 
vosted,  so  pale  and  so  ghastly,  that  it  is  no  wondet.  the  «ya  of 
affisotion  dio  not  reeognise  him.  But  at  the  aound  of  hia  voioo 
her  eye  darted  on  his  features,  it  read  at  once  the  whole  voluiaa 
of  sorrow;  she  clasped  her  hands,  uttered  a  flunt  shriek,  aad 
stood  wringing  them  in  silent  agony. 

All  was  now  hurry  and  bustle.  The  meeting  of  aequalntaaeaa 
— the  greetinga  of  friends — the  oonsultntions  of  men  of  buainasa. 
I  alone  waa  solitary  and  idle.  I  had  no  friend  to  meet,  no  ohaer^ 
iug  to  receive.  I  stepped  upon  the  land  of  my  foreftthat*  hut 
felt  that  I  waa  a  stranger  in  the  land. 


■  ' 


MO 


roBTT-nn  Din'  ivmsmM. 

i    •rvr     -  r  , 


■^TT" 


"^T'^r^ 


FORTY-nVE  DATS*  SUFFEWNOa 

Captain  David  Harrison,  who  commanded  «  aloo]^  of  N«w 
York,  called  the  Peggy,  has  left  a  melanclioly  narrative  of  the 
■uflerings  of  himself  and  his  crew,  during  a  voyase  from  Fayal, 
one  of  the  Azores,  in  1769.  A  storm  which  haa  oontinued  for 
some  days,  successively  blew  away  the  sails  and  shrouds;  and 
on  the  1st  of  December,  one  shroud  on  a  side  and  the  main  sail 
alone  remained.  In  this  situatioii  they  could  make  very  little 
way,  and  all  their  provisions  were  exhai'sted,  except  bread,  of 
which  but  a  small  quantity  was  left;  they  came  at  last  to  an  al- 
lowance of  a  quarter  of  a  pound  a  day,  with  a  quart  of  water  and 
a  pint  of  wine   ibr  each  man. 

The  ship  was  now  become  very  leaky;  the  waves  were  swelled 
into  mountains  by  the  storsn,  and  the  thunder  rolled  incessantly 
over  their  heads  in  one  drep.dtul  almost  unintermitting  peal  In 
this  frightful  dilempnn,  cither  of  sinking  with  the  wreck,  or  float- 
ing in  her  aud  perishung  with  hunger,  two  vessels  came  in  sicht; 
but  such  wcB  the  tempest  that  neither  could  approach,  and  they 
■aw  with  fon^^aiiuns  more  bitter  than  death  itself,  the  vessels  that 
would  willingly  have  relieved  ihem  disappear.  The  allowance 
of  bread  and  water,  though  still  farther  contracted,  soon  exhaust- 
ed their  stores,  every  morsel  of  food  was  finished,  and  only  about 
two  gallons  of  water  remained  in  the  bottom  of  the  cask.  The 
poor  fellows  who,  while  they  had  any  sustenance,  continued  obe- 
dient to  the  captain,  were  now  driven  by  desperation  to  excess; 
they  seized  upon  the  cargo,  and  because  wine  and  brandy  were 
all  they  had  left,  they  drank  of  both  till  the  frenzy  of  hunger  was 
increased  by  drunkenness,  and  curses  and  blasphemy  were  blend- ' 
ed  ^«i|h  exclamations  of  distress.  The  dre^  of  the  water  cask 
weM  abandoned  to  the  captain,  who,  abstaimng  as  much  ae  poe* 
■ibjp  from  wine,  husbanded  them  with  the  greatest  econonty. 

In  the  midst  of  these  horrors,  this  complication  of  want  and 
excess,  of  distraction  and  despair,  they  espied  another  sail. 
£v$iy  eye  was  instantly  turned  towards  it;  the  ai|nal  of  distress 
was  huQg  out,  and  they  had  the  unspeakable  satisMotion  of  beiiw 
near  enoujgh  to  the  ship  to  communicate  their  situation.  Relief 
was  promised  by  the  captain;  but  this,  alas!  was  but'"  the  mock- 
ery of  wo;"  and  instead  of  sending  the  relief  he  had  promised, 
the  imfreUng  wretch  crowded  all  sail,  and  left  the  distreseed  crew 
to  all  the  agony  of  despair  which  misery  and  disappointment 
eoald  occasion. 

The  crew  once  more  deserted,  and  cut  off  flrom  their  last  hope, 
'vere  still  prompted  by  an  intuitive  love  of  life  to  preserve  it  as 
\  »ng  as  poesible.    The  only  living  oreatures  on  board  the  tmwI, 


^'t.iiSm'xii'iiiii'ma 


roftTS^firp  PAfi'  sumsmot. 


181 


ilooj^  of  N9W 
native  of  the 

from  Fayal, 
oontinued  for 

shrouds;  and 

the  main  tail 
ike  very  little 
Bcpt  bread,  of 

lost  to  anal- 
:t  of  water  aad 

s  were  swelled 
ed  incesnaotly 
ting  peal     In 
^rock,  or  float- 
came  in  aight; 
aach,  and  they 
the  vessels  that 
The  allowance 
I,  soon  exbaust- 
and  only  about 
the  cask.    The 
continued  obe- 
ttion  to  excess; 
id  brandy  were 
f  of  hunger  was 
(my  were  blend* ' 
the  water  cask 
IS  much  aa  pos- 
it aoononDj. 
>n  of  want  and 
id  another  sail. 

£'  lal  of  diatreaa 
eUon  of  being 
iuatioa.  Relief 
bufthemock- 
B  had  proraised, 
)  distreaaed  crew 
i  diMqppointnient 

1  their  last  hope, 
I  preserve  it  aa 
>owd  th«  YMiel« 


berides  themselves,  were  two  pigeons  and  a  cat.  The  piseona 
were  killed  immediately,  and  divided  among  them  for  their  cnrisl- 
mas  dipner;  the  next  day  they  killed  the  cat;  and  as  there  were 
nine  persons  to  partake  of  the  repast,  they  divided  her  into  nine 
parts,  which  they  disposed  of  by  lot.  The  head  fell  to  the  share 
of  Captain  Harrison,  and  he  declared  that  he  never  eat  any  thing 
that  he  thoueht  so  delicious  in  his  life. 

The  next  day  the  crew  began  to  scrape  the  ship's  bottom  for 
barnacles ;  but  the  waves  had  beaten  off  those  above  water,  and 
the  men  were  too  weak  to  hang  long  over  the  ship's  side.  During . 
all  this  time,  the  poor  wretches  sought  only  to  forget  their  misery 
in  intoxication ;  and  while  they  were  continually  heating  wine  in 
the  steeraee,  the  captain  subsisted  upon  the  dirty  water  at  the 
bottom  ef  tne  cask,  half  a  pint  of  which,  with  a  few  drops  of  Tur- 
lington's Balsam,  was  his  whole  sustenance  for  twenty-four  hours. 

To  add  to  their  calamity,  they  had  neither  candle  nor  oil;  and 
they  were  iu  consequence  compelled  to  pass  sixteen  hours  out  of 
the  twenty-four  in  total  darkness,  except  the  glimmerins  light  of 
the  fire.  Still  however,  by  the  help  of  their  only  sail,  tney  made 
a  little  way;  but  on  the  28th  of  December,  another  storm  over- 
took them,  which  blew  their  only  sail  to  rags.  The  vessel  now 
lay  like  a  wreck  on  the  !^ater,  and  was  vi^oHy  at  the  mercy  of 
the  winds  and  waves.  ^ 

H9W  they  subsisted  from  t^is  time  to  the  13th  of  January,  six- 
teen days,  does  not  appear,  as  their  biscuit  had  been  long  ex- 
hausted, and  the  last  bit  of  animal  food  which  they  tasted,  was 
the  cat  on  the  36th  of  December;  yet  on  the  13th  of  January  they 
wttjBi  all  alive,  and  the  crew,  with  the  mate  at  their  head,  came 
to  the  captain  in  the  cabin,  half  drunk  indeed,  but  with  suflicieut 
senaibiiity  to  express  the  horror  of  their  purpose  in  their  counte- 
nances. Thev  said  they  could  hold  out  no  longer,  their  tobacco 
was  exhausted;  they  had  eaten  up  all  the  leather  belonging  to 
the  pump,  and  even  the  buttons  from  their  jackets;  and  that  now 
they  had  no  means  of  preventing  their  perishing  together,  but  by 
casting  lots  which  of  tnem  shoura  be  sacrificed^for  the  sustenance 
of  the  rest.  The  Captain  endeavored  to  divert  them  firom  their 
purpose  until  the  next  day,  but  in  vain;  they  became  outrageous, 
and  with  execrations  of  peculiar  horror,  swore  that  what  was  to 
be  done,  must  be  done  immediately ;  that  it  was  indiflferent  to 
'.hem  whether  he  acquiesced  or  dissented;  and  that  tboush  they 
had  paid  him  the  compliment  of  acquainting  him  with  their  reso- 
lution, yet  they  would  compel  him  to  take  his  chance  with  the 
rest,  for  general  misfortune  put  an  end  to  personal  distinction. 

liie  Captain  resisted,  but  in  vain;  the  men  retired  to  decide 
on  the  fate  of  some  victim,  and  in  a  few  minutes  returned,  and 
said  the  lot  had  fallen  on  the  negto,  who  was  part  of  the  cargo. 
The  poor  fellow  koondng  what  had  been  determined  against  bun, 
and  aeeing  one  of  the  crew  loading  a  pistol  to  despatch  him,  im* 

16 


inum'iwtt'Hrfiw 


aMin^>mmvii.ii 


ISf 


yOBTT-nn  vati'  ■vynnuirai. 


plorad  the  Captain  to  lave  bit  life,  bat  he  was  iostantlj  dnggtd 
to  tho  ■teerage,  and  abot  through  tiie  bead. 
•  Having  nwde  a  large  fire,  they  began  to  out  the  ne||ro  up 
almost  as  sooti  as  he  was  dead,  intendinc  to  ftj  his  entrails  for 
supper;  but  James  CaniiAiell  one  of  the  foremast  men,  beiufl 
ravenousljT  impatient  for  food,  tore  the  liver  out  of  the  body,  ana 
devoured  it  raw;  the  remainder  of  the  crew,  however,  dressed  the 
meat,  and  continued  their  dreadful  banquet  until  two  o'clock  in. 
the  morning. 

The  next  day  the  crew  pickled  the  remainder  of  the  negro's 
body,  except  the  bead  and  fincers,  which,  by  common  consent, 
they  threw  overboard.  The  Captain  refused  to  taste  any  part 
of  It,  and  continued  to  subsist  on  the  dirty  water.  On  the  third 
day  after  the  death  of  the  negro,  Campbell,  who  had  devoured 
the  liver  raw,  died  raving  mad,  and  bis  body  was  thrown  over- 
board,  the  crew  dreading  the  consequences  of  eating  it.  The 
negro's  body  was  husbanded  with  rigid  economy,  and  lasted  the 
crew,  now  consisting  of  six  persons,  from  the  ISth  to  the  26th  of 
January,  when  they  were  again  reduced  to  total  abstinence,  ex- 
cept their  wine.  This  they  endured  until  the  39th,  when  the 
mate  again  came  to  the  Captain  at  the  head  of  the  men,  and  told 
him  it  was  now  become  necessary  that  they  should  cast  lots  a 
.second  time.  The  captain  endeavored  again  to  reason  them 
from  their  purpose,  but  without  success;  and  therefore  consider- 
ing that  if  they  managed  the  lot  without  biro,  he  might  not  have 
fair  play,  consented  to  see  it  decided. 

The  lot  now  fell  upon  David  Flat,  a  foremast  man.  The  shock 
of  the  decision  was  so  great,  that  the  whole  company  remained 
motionless  and  silent  for  some  time;  when  the  poor  victim,  who 
appeared  perfectly  resigned,  broke  silence,  and  said,  ."  My  dear 
friends,  masslbates,  and  fellow  sufferers,  all  I  have  to  beg  of  you 
is,  to  despatoh  me  as  soon  as  you  did  the  negro,  and  to  put  me  to 
as  little  torture  as  possible.'  Then  turning  to  one  Doud,  the 
maiB  who  shot  the  negro,  he  said,  "  It  is  my  desire  that  you  should 
riioot  me."  Doud  reluetantly  consented.  The  victim  begged  a 
short  time  to  prepare  himself  for  death,  to  which  his  companions 
most  readily  agreed.  Fiat  was  much'  respected,  by  the  whole 
ship's  company,  and  during  this  awful  interval,  they  seemed  incU- 
neo  to  save  his  lift;  yet  ftadiag  no  alternative  but  to  perish  with 
him,  and  having  in  some  measure  luUed  their  seme  of  horror  at 
the  approaching  scene  by  a  few  draughts  of  wine,  they  prepared 
•for  the  execution,  and  a  fire  was  kindled  in  the  steerage  to  dress 
their  first  meal  as  soon  as  their  companion  should  become  their 
food. 

As  the  dreadful  moment  approached,  their  compunction  increaa* 
ed,  and  ftieudship  and  humanity  at  length  triumphed  over  hunger 
and  deatlt.  Their  deterimned  that  Flat  should  live  at  least  until 
elaVenO'eloek  the  next  morning,  hoping,  as  they  s*id  that  the 


uraimii;ii 


'^^'W 


miij  »iiii|iu.m»ww>»ll»w|jiwWB<iP'*'^ 


dydngftd 

neg|ro  up  . 

entrails  for 

men,  being 

e  body,  and 

dressed  tbe 

0  o'clock  in. 

'  the  negro's 
nou  consent, 
ste  any  part 
On  the  third 
ad  devoured 
thrown  over- 
ing  it.  The 
Dd  lasted  the 
o  the  26th  of 
tstinence,  ex- 
)tb,  when  the 
men,  and  told 
lid  cast  lots  a 
reason  them 
fore  consider- 
night  not  have 

n.    The  shock 
l>any  remained 
jr  victim,  who 
id,  V  My  dear 
I  to  beg  of  you 
ad  to  put  me  to 
one  Doud,  the 
that  you  should 
iotim  begged  a 
bis  eoni|>anion8 
1.  by  the  whole 
y  seemed  incU- 
t  to  perish  with 
oe  of  horror  iat 
I,  tHey  prepared 
:eerage  to  dress 
Id  become  their 

unction  increaa* 
i«d  over  hunger 
ive  at  least  until 
ly  siid  that  the 


VOBTr»nTB  DATS*  itrrFBEnros. 


119 


Divio*  GoodiiM*  would  in  the  meaotime  open  some  other  eonree 
of  relief.  At  the  same  time  they  begged  the  captain  to  read 
prayers;  a  task  which,  with  the  utmoat  effort  of  his  collected 
■trength,  he  was  scarcely  able  to  perform.  As  soon  as  prayers 
were  over,  tbe  company  went  to  their  unfortunate  friend,  Flat,  and 
with  great  earnestness  and  aflbetion  expreesed  their  hopes  that 
God  would  interpose  for  his  preservation;  and  assurina  him,  that 
though  they  never  yet  coulo  catch  or  even  see  a  fiib,  yet  they 
wouM  put  out  all  their  hooks  again  to  try  if  any  relief  could  be 
procured.  . 

Poor  Flat,  however,  could  derive  little  comfort  from  the  concern 
they  expressed;  and  it  is  not  improbable,  that  their  friendship  and 
affection  increased  the  agitation  of  his  mind ;  such,  however,  it 
was,  that  he  could  not  sustain  it,  for  before  midnight,  he  grew  al- 
most  totally  deaf,  and  by  four  o'clock  in  the  morning  was  ravins 
mad.  His  messmates,  who  discovered  the  alteration,  debated 
whether  it  would  be  an  act  of  humanity  to  despatch  hinr  immedi- 
ately; but  the  first  resolution,  of  sparing  him  till  eleven  o'clock, 
prevailed. 

About  eight  in  tbe  morning,  as  the  captain  was  ruminating  in 
his  cabin  on  the  fate  of  this  unhappy  wretch,  who  had  but  three 
hours  to  live,  two  of  his  people  came  hastily  down,  with  uncom- 
itaon  ardor  in  their  looks,  and  seizing  both  his  hands,  fixed  their 
eyes  upon  him  without  saying  a  word.  A  sail  had  been  discov- 
ered, and  the  sittht  had  so  for  overcome  them,  that  thev  were  for 
some  time  unable  to  speak.  The  account  of  a  vessel  being  in 
sight  of  signals,  struck  the  captain  with  such  excessive  and  tumult- 
uous joy,  that  he  was  very  near  expiring  under  it.  As  soon  as 
he  could  speak,  he  directed  every  possible  signal  of  distress. 
His  orders  were  obeyed  with  the  utmost  alacrity;  and  as  he  lay 
in  bis  cabin,  he  had  the  inexpressible  happiness  of  hearing  them 
jumping  upon  deck,  and  crying  out,  "She  nighsus,  she  nighs 
us!  she  is  standing  this  way." 

Tbe  ^proach  of  the  ship  being  more  and  more  manifest  every 
moment,  their  hopes  naturally  increased,  and  they  proposed  a  can 
to  be  taken  immediately  for  joy.  The  eantain  dissuaded  them  all 
firom  it,  exeept  the  mete,  who  retired,  ana  drank  it  to  himself. 

After  eontmuug  to  observe  the  progress  of  the  vessel  for  some 
hours,  with  all  the  tumult  and  agitation  jf  mind  that,such  a  sus- 
pense'could  not  foil  to  produce,  they  had  the  mortification  to  find 
the  gale  totally  die  away,  so  that  the  vessisl  was  becalmed  at  only 
two  miles  distance.  They  did  not,  however,  suffer  long  Irom  this 
circumstance,  for  in  a  few  minutes  they  saw  a  boat  put  out  from 
the  ship's  stern,  and  row  towards  them  folly  manned,  and  with 
vigorous  despatch.  As  they  had  been  twice  before  confident  of 
deliverance,  and  disappointed,  and  as  they  still  considered  them-' 
selves  tottering  on  the  brink  of  eternity,  the  oonfli<^  between  their 
hopes  and  fotrs,  during  die  approach  of  the  boat,  was  dreadfiil* 


1 


* 


k84 


TB>  MUMIAll  MABmBBl**  MWS. 


At  length,  however,  the  came  akmgrido;  but  the  appetranee  of 
the  crew  was  ao  ghe^l^y,  that  the  men  rested  upon  their  oars,  and 
with  looks  of  inconceivr^lile  astonishment  asked  what  they  were? 

Being  at  length  aatisded,  they  came  on  board,  and  bogged  the 
people  to  use  the  utmost  expedition  in  quitting  the  wreck,  lest 
they  should  be  overtaken  by  a  sale  of  wind,  that  would  prevent 
their  getting  back  to  the  ship.  The  captain  being  unable  to  stir, 
was  liiled  out  of  his  cabin,  and  lowered  into  the  boat  with  ropes; 
his  people  followed  him,  with  poor  Flat  still  raving ;  and  they  were 
just  putting  off,  when  onp  of  them  observed,  that  the  mate  was 
still  wanting.  He  was  immediately  called  to,  and  the  can  of  joy 
had  just  letl  him  power  to  crawl  to  the  gunnel,  with  a  look  of 
idiotic  astonishment,  having  to  all  appearance  forgot  every  thing 
that  had  happened.  The  poor  drunken  creature  was  with  difficul- 
ty got  into  the  boat,  and  in  about  an  hour  they  all  reached  the  ship 
in  safety,  which  was  the  Susannah  of  London,  commanded  by  Cap- 
tain Thomas  Evers.  He  received  them  with  the  greatest  tender- 
ness a. Ill  humanity,  and  promised  to  lay  by  the  wreck  until  the 
next  morning,  that  he  might,  if  possible,  save  some  of  Captain 
Harrison's  property;  but  the  wind  blowing  very  hard  before  night, 
he  was  obliged  to  quit  heje,  and  she  probably,  with  her  cargo,  went 
to  the  bottom  before  morning. 

The  crew  had  been  without  provisions  forty-fire  days.  The 
mate,  James  Doud,  who  shot  the  negro,  and  one  Warner,  a  sea- 
man, died  on  the  passage.  The  remainder,  including  Flat,  who 
continued  mod  during  the  voyage,  arrived  safe  in  the  Susannah,  in 
the  Downs,  in  the  beginning  of  March;  whence  Captain  Harrison 
proceeded  on  shore,  and  made  the  proper  attestation  on  oath  vf 
the  lacta  related  in  this  melanchdy  narrative. 


THB  ORBCIAN  MARINEll'S  BONa 

BT  YBOKAS  MOOBB,  Bi«. 

Oar  home  ii  on  the  ms,  bof , 
Oar  hnM  is  on  dia  sev- 

When  BStan  gava 

The  oeesa  wave, 
She  oiariwii  it  fbr  the  ftae. 
Whatever  tUtnoM  be&U,  boj* 
Whatever  ttoniM  befitU, 

The  iahuid  bark, 

la  fteedom'a  ark, 
And  floats  her  aafe  throogh  all 


Behold  V9n  aei 


of  iaiea.  boy, 
ea  of  isles. 


^ta»v.' 


Moiriuaft  01  LA  PiaooM. 


m 


appeuanee  of 
their  oars,  and 
hat  they  werer 
ind  begged  the 
the  wreck,  lest 
would  prevent 
;  unable  to  stir, 
oat  with  ropes;  ■ 
;  and  they  were 
:  the  mate  was 
the  can  of  joy 
with  a  look  of 
■got  every  thing 
ras  with  difficul- 
eached  the  ship 
manded  by  Cap- 
greatest  tender- 
wreck  until  the 
ome  of  Captain 
ird  before  night, 
her  cargo,  went 

five  days.  The 
Warner,  a  sea- 
uding  Flat,  who 
the  Susannah,  in 
laptain  Harrisoo 
atioD  on  oath  6t 


Where  eveiy  ihore, 

le  ■parkling  o'er, 
With  beanty?  richest  hiuIm. 
For  IM  bath  freedom  claimed,  bpf, 
For  ua  liath  freedom  claimed 

Those  ocean  nest* 

Where  valor  reata 
Hia  eagle  wing  untamed. 

And  ai  ill  the  Moalem  dare,  boj, 
And  shall  the  Moslem  dan, 
While  Grecian  hand 
Can  wield  a  brand, 
'To  plant  his  crescent  there  I 
No ! — by  our  fathera,  no,  boy, 
No !  by  the  cross  we  show— - 
Froth  Maina's  rills 
T<   Thracia's  hills, 
All(         e  reechoes  "No I' 


MONSIEUR  D£  LA  PEROUSE. 

France  becoming  jealous  of  the  renown  acquired  by  the  Eng- 
lish circumnavigators,:  determined  to  send  out  an  expedition, 
which,  in  its  scientific  equipments,  should  vii  with  them  in  every, 
respect.  Two  ships  w£re  appointed  to  thin  service,  the  Boussole. 
tod  Astrolabe,  the  former  commanded  by  La  Perouse,  the  latter, 
by  M.  de  Langle,  both  captains  in  the  navy,  and  men  of  consid- 
erable attainments,  besides  being  assisted  by  men  of  science  and 
artists.  The  voyage  is  interesting  as  far  as  it  goes;  but,  unfor- 
tunately, the  ships,  after  quitting  Botany  Bay,  in  1788,  have 
never  since  been  heard  of,  to  the  regret  of  all  lovers  of  science 
and  humanity,  on  account  not  only  of  the  acquirements  but  th« 
amiable  character  of  the  commander. 

On  the  1st  of  August,  1785,  they  quitted  Brest,'  and,  on  the 
13th,  reached  Madeira;  they  saw  Teneriffe  on  the  19th,  and  on 
the  16th  of  October  the  island  of  Trinidada,  barren,  rocky,  and 
with  a  violent  surf  breaking  on  the  shores,  where  refreshments 
not  beins  obtainable,  the  commander  steered  for  St.  Catharine's 
on  the  Brazil  coast. 

This  island  is  extremely  fertile,  producing  all  sorts  of  fruit, 
vegetables,  and  corn,  almost  spontaneously.  It  is  covered  with 
trees  of  everlasting  green,  but  they  are  so  curiously  interwoven 
with  plants  and  briars,  that  it  is  impossible  to  pass  throush  the 
forests  without  opening  a  path- with  a  hatchet:  to  add  to  the  dif> 
ficulty,  danger  is  also  to  be  apprehended  from  snakes  whose  bite 
is  jnortal.  The  habitations  are  bordering  on  the  sea.  The  woods 
are  delightfully  fragrant,  occasipqpd  b^  th^  orange-trees,  and . 
othmr  odoriferous  pliin^saiid  ^shrubs,  whieb  form^a  pact  of  Umoi^ 

16». 


^ 


Mummmmm 


IW 


MOMinvm  SI  LA  rBBOVM. 


Is^  'y 


i 


On  the  14tb  of  Janauy  the  naTwators  itruck  ground  on  tha 
coast  of  Patagonia.  On  the  3dth,  La  Perouu  took  bearings  a 
league  to  the  southward  of  Cape  San  Diego  forming  the  west 
point  of  the  straits  of  Lemaire.  On  the  9th  of  February,  he  was 
abreast  of  the  Straits  of  Magellan.    Examining  the  quantity  of 

E revisions  he  had  on  board,  La  Perouse  discovered  he  had  very 
ttle  flour  and  bread  left  in  store;  having  been  obli^o'  to  leave 
a  hundred  barrels  at  Brest.  The  worms  had  also  taken  y'u  c  csaion 
of  the  biscuits,  and  consumed  or  rendered  useless  a  fitii.  v<  ii,  of 
them.  Under  these  circumstances,  La  Perouse  preferreU  Con- 
eeption  to  the  island  of  Juan  Fernandez.  The  Bay  of  Concep- 
tion in  Chili  is  a  most  excellent  harbor;  the  water  is  smoot'', 
and  almost  without  any  current,  though  the  tide  rises  six  feet 
three  inches. 

At  daybreak,  on  the  16th  of  March,  'La  Perouse  made  the 
signal  to  prepsre  to  sail.  On  the  17th,  about  mnni,  a  light  breeze 
sprung  up,  with  which  he  got  under  way.  On  the  8tb  of  April, 
ar ')Ut  noon  they  saw  Easter  Island.  The  Indbns  were  alarmed, 
exc'jpt  a  few  who  had  a  kind  of  slight  wooden  ciui.v  Some  of 
them  assumed  an  apparent  superiority  over  the  others  which  in* 
duced  La  Perouse  to  consider  the  former  as  chiefs,  b<i!  he  soon 
discovered  that  these  selected  persone  were  ()ie  most  r>^t.o^iou• 
offenders.  Having  but  a  few  hours  to  remain  upon  the  island, 
and  wishing  to  employ  his  time  to  the  best  advantage.  La  Perouse 
left  the  care  of  the  tent,  and  other  particulars,  to  his  ftrst  lieuten- 
ant M.  D'Escures.  A  division  was  then  made  of  the  persons  en- 
gaged in  the  adventure;  one  part,  under  the  command  of  M.  De 
Ijangle,  was  to  penetrate  into  the  interior  of  the  island  to  en- 
eoUrage  and  promote  vegetation,  by  disseminating  seed,  &c.  in  a 
proper  soil;  and  the  other  division  undertook  to  visit  the  monu- 
ments, plantations,  and  habitations,  within  the  compass  of  a  league 
of  the  establishment.  The  largest  of  the  rude  busts  upon  one  of 
the  terraces  is  fourteen  feet  six  inches  in  height,  and  the  breadth 
and  other  particulars  appeared  to  be  proportionate. 

Returning  about  noon  to  tho  tent,  La  Perouse  found  almost 
every  man  without  either  hat  or  handkerchief;  so  much  had  for- 
bearance encouraged  the  audacity  of  the  thieves,  that  he  also  ex- 
Eerienced  a  similar  depredation.  An  Indian,  who  had  assisted 
im  in  descending  from  a  terrace,  rewarded  himself  for  histrouble 
by  taking  away  his  hat.  Some  of  them  had  dived  under  water, 
cut  the  small  cable  of  the  Astrolabe's  boat,,  and  taken  away  her 
grapnel.  A  sort  of  chief,  to  whom  M.  De  Langle  made  a  present 
of  a  male  and  female  goat,  received  the  animus  with  one  hand, 
and  robbed  him  of  his  handkerchief 'with  the-other. 

On  the  S8th  of  May,  they  saw  the  mountains  of  Owhynee, 
covered  «ith  snow,  and  afterwards  those  of  Mowee,  which  are 
lese  elevated.  ^  About  one  hundred  and  fifty  canoes  were  aeea 
pnttuig  off  from  the  diore,  laden  with  fivit  and  bofa,  wMeh  dM 


"'    '•Ivg'j'fyS'* 


ick  ground  on  th« 
It  took  boaring*  • 
forming  the  wMt 
February,  he  WM 
OS  the  quantity  of 
Dvered  he  had  very 
BO  oblijje. '  to  leave 

gotakenjo^^^BMon 
elesa  a  fiftJ  ■  -1  of 
use  preferred  Con- 
he  Bay  of  Concept 
^e  water  ie  amoot' > 
tide  riaea  aix  feet 

Perouae  made  the 
m>m,  a  light  breeze 
>n  the  8th  of  April, 
dlaaa  were  alarmed, 
,den  ciuiv     Some  of 
the  others*  which  itt- 
B  chiefs,  bvit  i»e  soon 
B  t)ie  most  n  >ioriouil 
nam  upon  the  island, 
vantage,  La  Perouae 
rs,  to  his  first  lieuteu- 
ide  of  the  persona  w^ 
e  command  of  M.  De 

of  the  island  to  en- 
inating  seed,  &c.  in  a 
K)k  to  visit  the  menu- 
le  compass  of  a  leaguo 
jde  busts  upon  one  of 
eight,  and  the  breadth 
rtionate.  ... 

Perouse  found  almost 
lief;  ao  much  had  for* 
Sieves,  that  he  also  ex- 
lian,  who  had  assiated 
I  bimaelf  for  his  trouble 
lad  dived  underwater, 
It,  and  taken  away  her 

Umgle  made  a  present 

Mimds  with  one  hand, 

;he-other. 

Bountains  of  Owhvnee, 

,  of  Mowee,  which  wn 

fifty  canoes  were  aw« 

mi  and  hoga,  wWdi  »• 


fmsr^^^ssi^^nrT^^. 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0   !^u&l2£ 

m  lU  i2.2 
Sf   L&    12.0 


IL25  11.4  11.6 

I^SS^S     llMS^^S 


«' 


^Sdmces 
CorpQratiQii 


as  WMT  MAIN  STRUT 

\MiRSTRR,N.V.  14SM 

(7U)l7a-4S03 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 

■  »m        m 

m 


Canadian  Inttituta  for  Historical  IVIIicroraproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  da  microraproductions  historiquaa 


MdlfSIIum  DB  LA  NBOVIB. 


itr 


Indiant  proposed  to  exchange  for  pieces  of  icon  of  the  French 
aavigatort.  Most  of  them  came  on  board  of  one  or  the  other  of 
the  vessels,  but  tb^y  proceeded  so  fast  through  the  water  that 
tbej  filled  along-side.  The  Indians  were  oblised  to  quit  the  ropes 
thrown  them,  and  l««ping  into  the  sea  swam  after  their  hogs,  when 
taking  them  in  their  arms,  they  emptied  their  canoes  of  the  water, 
and  resumed  their  seats. 

After  having  visited  a  village,  M.  de  Langle  gave  orders  that 
six  soldiers,  with  a  sergeant,  should  accompanj  nim:  the  others 
were  left  upon  the  beach,  undor  the  command  of  M.  de  Pierrevert, 
the  lieutenant;  to  them  was  committed  the  protection  of  the  ship's 
boats,  from  which  not  a  single  sailor  had  landed.  The  party  re* 
embarked  at  eleven  o'clock  in  very  good  .order,  and  arrived  on 
board  about  noon,  where  M.  de  Clonard  had  received  a  visit  firom 
a  chief,  of  whom  he  had  purchased  a  cloak,  and  a  helmet  adorned 
with  red  feathers;  he  had  also  purchased  a  hundred  hogs,  a  quan- 
tity of  potatoes  and  bananas,  plenty  of  stuffs,  mats,  and  various 
other  articles.  On  their  arrival  on  board,  the  two  frigates  dragged 
tbeir  anchors;  it  blew  fresh  from  the  south-east,  and  they  were 
driving  down  upon  the  island  of  Morokinne,  which  was  however 
at  a  sufficient  distance  to  give  them  time  to  hoist  in  their  boats. 
La  Perouse  made  the  signal  for  weighing,  but  before  they  could 

Eurchase  the  anchor,  he  was  obliged  to  OMike  sail,  and  drag  it  till 
e  bad  passed  Morokinne,  to  hmder  him  from  driving  past  tha 
channel. 

A  fair  wand  accompanied  the  navigators  on  their  departure  firom 
the  Sandwich  Islanas.  Whales  and  wild-geese  convinced  them 
that  they  were  approaching  land.  Early  in  the  morning  of  the  99d 
thsy  descried  it ;  a  sudden  dispersion  of  the  fog  opened  to  them  tha 
view  of  a  long  chain  of  mountains  oovored  with  snow.  They  dia* 
tinguished  Behring's  Mount  St.  Elias,  on  the  north-west  eoist  of 
America  Having  taken  in  as  much  wood  and  water  as  was  n- 
quired,  the  navigators  esteemed  themselves  the  most  fortunate  of 
men,  in  having  arrived  at  such  a  distance  from  Europe  without 
having  a  sick  person  amon^  them,  or  any  one  aifflietra  with  the 
scurvy;  but  a  lamentable  misfortune  now  awaited  them.  At  the 
entrance  of  this  harbor  perished  twenty  brave  seamen,  in  two 
boats,  by  the  surf.  On  the  90th  of  July,  at  four  in  the  afternoon. 
La  Perouse  cot  under  way.  This  bay  or  harbor,  to  which  he  gava 
the  name  of  Port  des  Franeais,  is  situated  in  68  deg.  ST  min.  north- 
latitude,  and  199  deg.  60  min.  west  longitude.  In  different  ex- 
cursions, he  says,  he  found  the  binh-water  mark  to  h«  fifteen 
feet  above  the  surfkee  of  the  sea.  The  climate  of  this  coast  is 
infinitely  milder  than  that  of  Hudson's  Ray,  in  the  same  degree 
of  latitude.  Pinea  were  seen  of  six  feet  in  diameter,  and  one 
hundred  and  forty  feet  in  height.  VegetiUion  is  vigorous  during 
three  or  ibar  months  of  tha  year.  The  men  wnnr  diflbrent  small  or> 
namata,.  ptdMmt  firew  IIm  tanandnoaa,  sewtty  their  anamd 


■.'* 


18» 


MMUXOa  DB  IiA  VUOOMf 


bieaatei  and  file  their  teeth  cloee  to  their  gun*,  ueiog,  for  fher 
last  operation,  a  Band*stone,  formed  into  a  particular  shape. 
Tliey  paint  the  face  and  body  with  soot,  ochre,  and  plumbago, 
mixed  with  train-oil,  making  themselves  most  horrid  fisuret. 
When  completely  dressed,  their  flowing  hair  is  powdered,  and 
plaited  with  the  down  of  sea-birds;  but,  perhaps,  only  the  chie& 
of  certain  distinguished  families  are  thus  decorated.  Their  should* 
era  are  covered  with  a  skin,  and  on  the  head,  is  generally  worn.a 
little  straw-hat,  plaited  with  great  taste  and  ingenuity.  Some* 
times,  indeed,  the  head  is  decorated  with  two  horned  bonnets  of 
eagles'  feathers.  Their  head-dresses  are  extremely  various,  ths 
craod  object  in  view  being  only  to  render  themselves  terribl*, 
that  they  may  keep  their  enemies  in  awe.  Some  Indians  have 
akirts  of  otters'  skins.  'A  great  chief  wore  a  shirt  composed  of  a 
tanned  skin  of  the  elk,  bordered  by  a  fringe  of  beaks  of  birds, 
which,  when  dancing,  imitated  the  noise  of  a  bell;  a  common 
dress  among  the  savages  of  Canada,  and  other  nations  in  the 
•astern  parts  of  America.  The  passion  of  these  Indiana  for 
gaminff  is  astonishing,  and  they  pursue  it  with  great  uvidity.  The 
tort  of  play  to  which  they  arc  most  devoted,  is  a  certain  same  of 
chance;  out  of  thirty  pieces  of  wood,  each  distinctly  marxed  like 
the  French  Dice,  they  hide  seven:  each  plays  in  succession  and 
he  who  guesses  neai'est  to  the  whole  number  marked  upon  the 
seven  is  the  winner  of  the  stake,  which  is  usually  a  hatchet  or  a 
piece  of  iron. 

At'lenffth,  after  a  very  long  run,  on  the  llth  of  September,  at 
three  in  uie  afternoon,  the  navigators  got  sight  of  Fort  Monterey; 
and  two  three-masted  vessels  which  lay  in  the  road.  The  com- 
DMUkder  of  these  two  ships  having  been  informed,  by  the  Viceroy 
of  Mexico,  of  the  probable  arrival  of  the  two  French  frigate*, 
■eat  them  pilots  in  the  course  of  the  night.  Loretto,  the  onl^ 
presidency  of  Old  California,  is  situated  on  the  east  coast  of  thi* 

Seainsula  and  has  a  garrison  of  fifty-four  troopers,  who  furnisli 
etaehments  to  fifteen  misaions;  the  duties  of  which  are  per- 
formed by  Dominican  friars.  About  four  thousand  Indians,  con- 
verted and  residing  in  theJM  fifteen  parishes,  are  the  sole  produce 
of  th*  long  labors  of  the  diflferent  religioua  ordera  which  have 
succeeded  each  other.  A  small  navy  was  *st|iblished  by  the 
Snanish  Government  in  this  port,  under  the  ordehi  of  the  Viceroy 
or  Mexico,  consistiitt  of  four  corvettes  of  twelve  guns,  and  one 

((oletta.  They  are  destined  to  supply  with  necessaries  the  pres* 
deocies  of  North  California;  and  they  are  sometimes  despatched 
as. packets-boats  to  Manilla,  when  the  order*  of  the  court  require 
the  utmost  expedition. 

The  company  were  received  with  aU  possible  politeness  and  re- 
spect: the  president  of  the  missioasi  in  hi*  *acerdotal  vestment, 
wift  the^4ioly  water  in  bis  hand,  watted  to  receive  them  al  tiie  < 
of  the  chwreb,  whieb  wa*<*pl«alidljr  iUaniMted  Me* 


'■.MMtitMaaHliM 


-•*<i<k>*iM«fMWi 


iiiMWfflipriffi-iSSi'^ii 


••^*m. 


M05IUI7S  DS 


r.:MO». 


18» 


itns,  uiing,  fertlw 
particular  shape, 
ire,  and  plumbago, 
Dst  horrid  fisuret. 
is  powdered,  and 
ips,  only  the  chicfr 
ted.  Their  should' 
b  generally  worn.a 
ingenuity.     Some- 
horned  bonnets  of 
emely  various,  the 
lemselves  terribl*. 
Some  Indians  have 
hirt  composed  of  a 
of  beaks  of  birds, 
bell;   a  common 
her  nations  in  the 
these  Indians  for 
(real  uvidity.     Th« 
I  a  certain  game  of 
tinctly  marked  like 
I  in  succession  and 
marked  upon  the 
lally  a  hatcnet  or  a 

h  of  September,  at 
;  of  Fort  Monterey; 
e  road.  The  com- 
led,  by  the  Viceroy 
o  French  frigatoa, 
Loretto,  the  onl^ 
le  east  coast  of  this 
opera,  who  furnish 
of  which  are  per- 
isaad  Indians,  con* 
re  the  sole  produce 
orders  which  hav« 
estubUshed  by  tb« 
lersofthe  Viceroy 
'elve  guns,  and  on* 
loessAries  the  pres* 
netimes  despatched 
sf  the  court  require 

e  politeness  Mid  r*- 
aoerdotal  ▼•stmeal, 
oeite  them  at  tiw ' 
gr  Ulaniaiied  mow 


Iheir  highest  festivals:  he  then  conducted  them  to  the  foot  of 
the  high  altar,  where  Te  Dtum  was  suog  in  thanksgivings  for 
their  arrival.  Before  they  entered  the  church  they  passed  a  range 
of  Indians:  the  parish-church,  though  covered  with  straw,  is  neat, 
and  decorated  with  paintings,  copied  from  Italian  originals.  The 
Indians,  as  well  as  the  missionaries,  rise  with  the  sun,  and  devote 
an  hour  to  prayers  and  mass,  during  vrhich  time  a  species  of  boiled 
food  is  prepared  for  them:  it  consists  of  barley  in<«al,  the  grain  of 
which  has  been  roasted  previous  to  its  being  boiled.  It  is  cooked 
in  the  centre  of  the  square,  in  three  large  kettles.  This  repast 
is  called  atole  by  the  Indians,  who  consider  it  as  delicious;  U  is 
destitute  of  salt  and  butter,  and  must  consequently  be  insipid. 
Hie  women  have  little  more  to  attend  to  than  their  housewifery, 
their  children,  and  the  roasting  and  grinding  of  several  grains, 
the  latter  operation  is  Ions  and  laborious,  as  they  employ  no  other 
means  than  that  of  ftrushmg  it  in  pieces  with  a  cylinder  upon  • 
stone. 

liie  Indians  of  the  raneheries,  or  independent  villages,  are  ac- 
customed to  paint  their  bodies  red  and  black,  when  they  are  in 
mourning  -.  but  the  missionaries  have  prohibited  the  former,  though 
they  tolerate  the  latter,  these  people  being  singularly  attached  to 
their  fViends.  The  ties  of  fomil^  are  less  regarded  among  them 
than  those  of  friendship:  the  children  show  no  filial  respect  to  the 
father,  having  been  obliged  to  quit  his  cabin  as  soon  as  they  were 
able  to  procure  their  own  subsistence. 

A  Spanish  commissary  at  Monterey,  named  M.  Vincent  Vassa- 
dr«  y  Vega,  brought  orders  to  the  governor  to  collect  all  the 
otter-skins  of  his  missions  and  presidencies,  government  having 
reserved  to  itself  the  exclusive  commerce  of  them;  and  M.  Fages 
assured  La  Perouse  that  he  could  annually  furnish  twenty  thousaadi 
of  ihem.  The  Spaniards  were  ignorant  of  the  importance  of  thi* 
valuable  peltry  till  the  publication  of  the  voyages  of  Captain 
Ocdk;  that  excellent  man  has  navigated  for  the  general  benefit 
oS>»very  nation;  his  o:irn  enjoys  only  the  glory  of  the  enterprise, 
and  that  of  having  given  him  birth. 

New  California,  though  extremely  fertile,  cannot  boast  of 
having  a  single  settler;  a  few  soldiers,  married  to  Indian  women, 
who  dwell  in  the  forts,  or  who  are  dispersed  among  the  different 
minions,  constituting  the  whole  Spanish  nation  in  this  district,  of 
AoMtica.  llie  Franciscap  missionaries  are  principally  Europa- 
advj '  they  have  a  convent  in  Mexico. 

On  the  erening  of  tha  39d  every  thing  was  on  board,  and  loava 
had  bean  taken  Af  the  Governor  and  missionaries.  On  tha. 
morning  of  the  S4th  fher  sailed.  On  the  Sd  of  Novembar  thA, 
fr^ataa  were  surroiinded  with  "noddies,  terns,  and  man-of-war. 
birtb;  and  on  tha  4th  they  made  an  island  which  bore  west. 
Thil  mniil  iatand  is  little  mora  than  a  rockof  about  five  hundred 
totMa,it  Yanglh.'  La  Paroaaa  namad  it  Ida  Nacker.    About 


190 


MOVUBim  1>«  LA  ruovM. 


an  hour  past  one  in  the  morning  Ln  PerouM  mw  breikere  ^  two 
cablet'  length  ahead  of  the  alup;  the  aea  being  lo  tinooth.  the 
•ound  of  them  was  hardly  heard;  the  Artrolabe  perceived  them 
at  the  aame  time,  though  at  a  greater  distance  than  the  Boussole; 
both  frigates  instantly  hauled,  with  their  heads  to  the  south-east. 
La  Perouse  gave  orders  for  sounding;  they  had- nine  fathome* 
rocky  bottom;  soon  after  ten  and  twelve  fathoms,  and  in  a  quarter 
of  an  hour  got  no  ground  with  sixty  fathoms.    Thev  just  escaped 
the  most  imminent  danger  to  vrtiich  navigators  can  be  exposed.  > 
The  Island  of  Assumption,  to  which  the  Jesuits  have  attributed 
six  leagues  of  circumference,  from  the  ak:gles  now  taken,  was  re- 
duced to  half,  and  the  highest  point  is  about  two  hundred  toiaea 
above  the  level  of  the  sea.    A  more  horrid  place  cannot  be  con- 
ceived.   It  was  a  perfect  cone,  as  black  as  a  coal,  and  venr 
mortifying  to  behold,  after  havmg  enjoyed,  in  imoginauon,  the 
cocoa-nuts  and  turtles  expected  to  be  foundf>  in  some  one  of  the 
Marianne  Islands.    Having  determined  the  position,  he  continued 
his  course  towards  China;  and  on  the  1st  of  January.  1787,  found 
bottom  in  sixty  fi^oms;  a  number  of  fishing-boato  surrounded 
him  tho  next  day.    On  the  2d  of  January  our  navigators  made 
the  White  Rock.    In  the  evening  they  anchored  to  the  north- 
ward of  Ling-sing  Island,  and  the  foUowing  day  in  Macao  Rood. 
Macao,  Mtnate  atthe  mouth  of  the  Tigris,  is  capable  of  receiving 
a  sixty-four  gun-ship  into  its  road,  at  the  entrance  of  the  Typaj 
and  in  its  port,  below  the  city,  ships  of  seven  hundred  torn  half 

The  climate  of  tho  road  of  Type  is,  at  this  season  of  the  year, 
meearions;  most  of  the  crews  were  afilicted  with  colds,  ace<»ii- 
panied  with  a  fever;  which  yielded  to  the  salutary  temperature  ^ 
tba  island  of  Lueonia,  when  they  approached  it  on  the  16th  of 
February.  Wanting  wood,  «rhich  he  knew  was  dear  at  Manilla, 
La  Perouse  came  to  a  resolution  of  remaining  twenty-four  heiH* 
at  Marivella  to  procure  some,  and  early  the  next  morning  all  tho 
carpenters  of  the  two  frigates  were  sent  on  shore  wfth  the  hMRf 
boata;  the  rest  of  the  ship's  company,  with  the  yawl,  were  ro- 
eerved  for  a  fishing-party;  but  tho^  were  onsueeeadhl,  as  they 
found  nothing  but  rocks  and  very  shallow  water. 

On  the  98th  the  navigators  came  to  an  an^lior  in  the  port  of 
Oavite,  in  three  fiithoms,  at  two  cables'  length  from  the  town. 
Cavite,  situate  three  leagues  to  the  southnvest  of  ManiHa,  *#•• 
formerly  a  place  of  importance.  Manilla  is  erected  on  the^Bajr 
which  a\so  bears  its  name,  and  lies  at  the  mouth  of  a  river,  bm 
(me  of  tbe  finest  situations  in  the  world;  all  the  neoessanea  of  lift 
may  be  procured  there  in  abnndanee,  and  on  reasonable  teraw; 
but  the  cloths,  and  other  manufactures  of  Europe  are  extravagant- 
ly dear.  La  Ftorouse  confldently  asaerts,  that  a  great  natieB, 
wMmiH  any  other  eolony  than  tho  FhilippioM,  whieh^roidd  Oit«bi> 
Uik  o  piopor  fovoraaaat  there,  night  Tiew'oU  tlM  «— — • 


lumttMnirmi 


•mimmmmifm 


ammmmmi 


XONinUR  DB  LA   PBSOCai. 


m 


breikera  at  two 
no  tmooth,  the 
porceived  them 

lanthcBouMol*} 

to  the  iouth-«iit. 

id.  nine  Auhonw, 

,  aod  in  a  quarter 
|Thev  just  eeci^d 

an  be  eiiposed.  > 
iita  have  attributed 

low  taken,  was  re« 
wo  hundred  toiaaa 
ice  cannot  be  eoil> 

a  coal,  and  rerjr 
n  imagination,  the 
n  some  one  of  the 
ition,  he  continued 
inuaiy,  1187,  found 
(-boats  surrounded 
r  navigators  node 
lored  to  the  north- 
ay  in  Macao  Road. 
K|Mible  of  reeeiTiiy 
ranee  of  the  Tjrpai 
hundred  tons  half 

season  of  the  year, 
with  eolds,  aceom- 
tarjrtempM-ature  of  . 
I  it  on  the  Ifith  of 
as  dear  at  Manilla, 
;  twentj-four  hows 
Bxt  morning  all  th« 
shore  with  the  baf 
the  yawl,  were  ra- 
sueeeaaftil,  astkay 
er. 

i^^ior  in  the  port  of 
Ktk  from  the  town. 
ist  of  Manilla,  *wm 
erected  onthel^jr 
ithofarirer,  be&Qg 
BneoessarioaofUw 
I  reasonable  terms; 
•pe  are  extravagaal^ 
hat  a  great  aati«B, 
whkk  would' 
'•Utha 


■ettlements  io  Africa  and  America  without  envj  or  regret.  Theaa 
islands  contain  about  3,000,000  of  inhabitants,  and  that  of  Luco- 
nia  consists  of  about  a  third  of  them.  These  people  seem  not 
inferior  to  Europeans;  thej  cultivate  the  land  with  skill,  and 
among  them  have  ingenious  goldsmiths,  carpenters,  joiuers, 
muoDs,  blacksmiths,  &c.  La  rerouse  says  he  has  visited  theq* 
at  their  villages,  and  found  them  affable,  hospitable,  and  honest. 

On  the  9th  of  April,  according  to  the  French  reckoning,  and 
the  10th  as  the  Manillese  reckon,  our  navigators  sailed  and  gdt 
to  the  northward  of  the  island  of  Luconia.  On  the  21st  thojr 
made  the  island  of  Formosa;  and  experienced,  in  the  channel 
which  divides  it  from  that  of  Luconia,  some  very  violent  currents. 
On  the  22d  they  set  Lamy  Island,  at  the  south-west  point  of 
Formosa,  about  three  leagues  distant.  The  tack  they  then  stood 
on  conveyed  them  upon  the  coast  of  Formosa,  near  the  entrance 
of  the  bay  of  Old  Fort  Zealand,  where  the  city  of  Taywan,  the 
capital  of  that  island  is  seated. 

The  whole  of  the  next  day  a  dead  calm  occurred,  in  mid-ehannel, 
between  the  Bashee  Islands,  and  those  of  Bbtol  Tabacoxima.  , 
It  is  probable  that  vessels  might  provide  themselves  in  this  island 
with  provision,  wood,  and  water.  La  Perouse  preserved  the 
name  of  Kumi  Island,  which  Father  Gambil  sives  it  in  his  chart. 
In  the  night  of  the  3dth  our  navicators  passed  the  strait  of  Corea, 
sounding  very  frequently,  and  as  this  coast  appeared  more  eligible 
to  follow  than  that  of  Japan,  they  approached  within  two  leagues 
of  it,  and  shaped  a  course  parallel  to  its  direction.  On  the  87tb 
they  made  the  signal  to  bear  up,  and  steer  east,  and  soon  pereeiT- 
ed,  in  the  north-north-east,  an  Island  not  laid  down  4ipon  any 
chart,  at  the  distance  of  about  twenty  leagues  from  the  coast  of 
Corea.  He  named  it  Isle  Dagelet,  from  the  name  of  the  a«trono> 
mer  who  first  discovered  it.  The  eiicumierence  is  about  thrM 
leurues. 

On  the  30th  of  Mar,  La  Perouse  shaped  his  course  east  towarda 
Japan,  and  on  the  Sd  of  June  saw  two  Japanese  vessels,  one  of 
which  passed  within  hail  of  him.  It  hod  a  crew  of  twenty  maOt 
all. habited  ia.blue  cassocks  resembling  those  worn  by  French 
priests.  This  vessel  was  about  one  hundred  tons  burden,  aod 
nad  a  single  high  mast  stepped  in  the  middle.  The  Ai^labf 
hailed  her  as  she  passed,  but  neither  the  question  nor  the  answer 
was  eomprehendea.  At  diflfbrent  times  of  the  day  seven  Chinese 
veniels  of  a  smaller  oonatruction,  were  seen,  which  ^ere  better 
ealealated  to  encounter  bad  weather. 

During  the  seventy-five  days,  since  our  navigators  sailed  from 
Manilla,  th«y  had  run  along  the  coasts  of  Quelpert  Island,  Corea, 
and  Japan;  bat  aa  these  eonntries  were  inhabited  by  people  in- 
hosf^able  to  strangers,  they  did  not  attem|A  to  visit  them.  They 
war*  axtremriy  impatiaat  to  reeonnoitre  this  land,  and  it  was  tha 
00^  part  ti  the  ^oba  wfaieh  had  escaped  tha  aetivity  of  C^ptabt 


iff 


:. 


IM 


miruBim  oi  la  riMon. 


Cook.  Thci  geograpben  who  had  drawn  the  ttrait  of  Tessoy, 
erroneously  determined  the  limit*  of  Jetao,  of  the  Company's  land, 
and  of  Staten  Island;  it,  therefore,  became  necessa^  to  termi- 
nate Yhe  ancient  discussions  by  indisputable  facts.  The  latitude 
of  Bdi  de  Ternai  was  the  same  as  that  of  Port  Acqueis,  though 
the  description  of  it  is  very  different.  The  plants  which  France 
produces,  carpeted  the  whole  of  this  soil.  Roses,  lilies,  and  all 
European  meadow-flowers  were  beheld  at  everj^  step.  Pint- 
trees  embellished  the  tops  of  the  mountains;  and  oaks,  gradual- 
ly diminishing  in  strensth  and  size  towards  the  sea,  adorned  the 
less  elevated  parts.  "jRraces  of  men  were  frequently  perceived  by 
the  havoc  they  had  made.  By  these,  and  many  other  corrobora* 
ting  circumstances,  the  navigators  were  clearly  of  opinion,  that 
the  Tartars  approach  the  borders  of  the  sea,  when  invited  thither 
by  the  season  for  fishing  and  hunting ;  that  they  assemble  for  these 
purposes  along  the  rivers,  and  that  the  mass  of  people  reside  in 
the  interior  of  the  country,  to  attend  to  the  multiplication  of  theii 
flocks  and  herds.  M.  de  Langle,  with  several  other  oflicers  who 
had  a  passion  for  bunding,  endeavored  to  pursue  their  sport,  but 
without  success,  yet  they  imagined  that  by  silence,  perseveraneoi 
ard  posting  themselves  in  ambush  in  the  passes  of  the  stags  and 
beara,  they  miaht  be  able  to  procure  some  of  them.  This  plaa 
waa  determined  on  for  the  next  day,  but-,  with  all  their  address 
and  management  it  proved  abortive.  It  was  therefore  generally 
acknowleoged'that  fishing  presented  the  greatest  prospect  of  suo- 
cees.  Each  of  the  five  creeks  in  the  Bale  de  Ternai  afibrded  ■ 
proper  place  fi>r  hauling  the  seine,  and  was  rendered  more  con- 
venient by  a  rivulet,  near  which  they  established  their  kitchen. 
They  caught  plenty  of  trout,  salmon,  cod-fish,  harp-fish,  plaice, 
and  herrings. 

At  eight  in  the  mormnff  of  the  7th,  he  made  an  island  which 
ioemed  of  great  extent;  he  supposed,  at  first,  that  this  was  Sega- 
tten  Island,  the  south  part  of  which  some  geographera  had  placed 
two  degrees  too  far  to  tne  northward.  The  aspect  of  this  land  was 
OKtremely  diflferent  from  that  of  Tartarv;  nothing  was  to  be  seen 
bat  barren  rocks,  the  cavities  of  which  retaineathe  snow.  To 
the  hiadiest  of  the  mountains  La  Perouae  gave  the  appellation' of 
Pieak  Lamanon.  M.  de  Langle.  wb"  had  come  to  anchor,  came 
instantly  on  board  his  ship,  having  lUready  hoisted  out  hie  long 
boat  and  small  boats.  He  suhniitted  to  If  i^erouse  whether  it 
would  not  be  proper  to  land  before  nighty  in  order  to  reconnoitN 
the  country,  and  gather  some  necessary  informttioa  firom  the 
biihabitairts.  By  ue  assistpnce  of  their  glasses  they  perceived 
some  cabins,  and  twd  of  the  jalanders  hastening  towards  the 
woods. 

Oar  navigators  were  suecessfiil  in  making  the  natives  con^tro- 
hand  thai  thev.reqnested  a  descriptioa  «f  uieir  country,  aimI  thai 
of  the  Blantehous;  one  of  the  old  sages  rose  up,  and,  with  great 


. 


mtm 


Noimiom  Bi  UL^  mouM. 


198 


ke  strait  of  Tessoy. 

)  Company's  land, 

necessa^  to  termi* 

facts.     The  latitude 

.'ort  Acqueifl,  though 

flants  which  France 
loses,  lilies,  and  all 
it  everjb  step.    Pini- 
is;  and  oaks,  gradual- 
8  the  sea,  adorned  the 
reqoently  perceived  by 
many  other  corrobora- 
slearly  of  opinion,  that 
a,  when  invited  thither 
they  assemble  for  these 
ass  of  people  reside  in 
B  multiplication  of  theti 
veral  other  officers  who 
I  pursue  their  sport,  but 
Y  sUence,  perseverancOi 
passes  of  the  sta^s  and 
me  of  them.     Thu  plaa 
;  with  all  their  address 
was  therefore  generally 
'greatest  prospect  of  suo- 
laie  de  Ternai  aflorded  ■ 
was  rendered  more  con- 
Mtablished  their  kitchen, 
od-fish,  harp-fish,  jdaice, 

lie  made  an  island  which 
t  first,  that  this  was  Sega- 
B  geogra|diers  had  placed 
<he  aspect  of  this  land  was 
;  nothing  was  to  be  kcb 
retamed  the  snow.  To 
e  gave  the  appellation' of 
ta4  come  to  anchor,  canM 
eady  hoisted  out  his  loa|; 
:o  l4i  ll^crouae  whether  it 
it,  in  order  to  reconnoitre 
iry  informttion  firom  the 
ir  glnnea,  jhey  peroeiveA 
ra  hastening,  toward*  thn 

ikint  the  natives  eompro- 
aftbffU'  eoontiy.  And  thai 
m  roee  up,  and,  with  graat 


Crspieuity  pointed  out  the  most  essential  and  interesting  partieu- 
■s  with  the  ecd  of  his  staff.  His  sagacity  in  guessing  the  mea»- 
ing  of  the  questions  proposed  t*  him  was  astonishins ,  though,  in 
thu  particular,  he  was  surpassed  by  another  islander  of  about 
thirty  years  of  age.  The  last-mentioned  native  informed  owr  navi- 
gators that  they  had  a  commercial  intercourse  with  the  |Wople 
who  inhabit  the  banks  of  Segalien  river,  and  he  distinctly 
marked,  by  strokes  of  a  pencil,  the  number  of  days  it  required 
for  a  canoe  to  sail  up  the  river  to  the  respective  places  ot  their, 
general  traffic.  The  bay  in  which  they  lay  at  anchor  was  named 
Baie  de  Langle,  as  Captain  de  I'^ngle  was  the  first  who  discovered 
it,  and  first  landed  on  its  shore.  "Hiey  spent  the  remainder  of  the 
day  in  visiting  the  country  and  its  inhabitants.  They  were  sur* 
prised  to  fiad  among  a  people  composed  of  Lusters  and  fishermen, 
«^o  were  strangers  to  the  cultivation  of  the  earth,  and  without 
flocks  or  herds,  such  gentle  manners,  and  such  a  superiority  of 
'ntellect.  The  attention  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  Baie  de  Langle 
was  attracted  by  the  arts  and  manufiMstures  of  the  French,  they 
judiciously  examined  them,  and  debated  among  themselves  the 
manner  of  fabricating  the  several  articles.  They  were  not  un- 
acquainted with  the  weaver's  shuttle.  A  loom  of  their  construction 
was  carried  to  France,  by  which  it  appeared  that  their  methods  of 
making  linens  was  similar  to  that  of  the  Europeans;  but  the 
thread  of  it  is  formed  of  the  bark  of  the  willow-tree.  Though 
they  do  not  cuhivate  the  soil,  they  convert  the  spontaneous  pro- 
duce of  it  to  the  most  useful  and  necessary  purposes. 

At  daybreak,  on  the  4th  of  Julv,  La  Perouse  made  the  signal 
for  getting  under  way;  early  on  the  19th,  he  saw  the  land  of  an 
island  from  north-east-by-north,  as  far  as  east-south-east,  but  so 
thick  a  foe  prevailed  that  none  of  the  points  could  be.  particularly 
discovered.    The  bay,  which  is  the  best  in  which  he  had  an- 
chored since  his  departure  firom  Manilla,  he  named  Baie'd  'Estn- 
ing.    M.  de  Langle,  who  first  landed  m  the  island,  found  the 
islanders  assembled  round  three  or  four  canoes,  laden  with  smoked 
fish:  he  was  there ii^rmed  that  the  men  who  composed  the  crewe 
of  the  canoes  were  Mantchous,  and  had  quitted  tlie  banks  of  the., 
Segalien  river  to  become  purchasers  of  these  fish.    In  the  eomerl 
of  the  island,  within  a  kind  dT  circus  planted  with  stakes,  eaebi 
surmounted  with  the  head  of  a  bear,  the  bones  of  animals  lay  sei^^ 
tared.    As  these  people  use  no  firearms,  but  engage  the  bean^ 
io  dose  combat,  their  arrows  being  only  capable  of  wounding| 
them,  this  circus  might  probably  be  intended  to  perpetuate  t' 
memory  of  certain  great  exploits.    Having  entertained  coniectur 
relative  to  the  proxiinity  of  the  Goast  of  Tartary,  La  Parous 
at  length  discovered  tbet  his  conjectures  were  well-founded;  fori 
when  the  horixon  became  a  little  more  extensive,  he  saw  it  per«| 
foctly.    In  the  evening  of  the  33d  he  came  to  anchor  in  thirty-| 
■even  fhthoms,  about  iMagoe  from  the  land.  HewasthenabreMil 

17 


W' 


j^mikiM 


■vt'iv'^" 


194 


Mnnnvm  di  la  vnMvra. 


Wb'nriiU  rlT«r,  to  th«  aoithwwd  of  which  he  mw  •  remarkaU* 
'pljik;  its  hue  it  on  the  ahore,  a>d  its  summit  on  all  sidea  presenrai 
^regular  form.  La  Perouse  bestowed  on  it  the  title  of  Peak  la 
Vartfaiiere. 

on  the  38th,  in  the  evening,  our  navigators  were  at  the 
-bpenins  of  a  bay  which  presented  a  aafe  and  convenient  anchor- 
lige.  M.  de  Langle  reiwrted  to  La  Perouse  that  there  was  ex- 
'tfdlent  shelter  behind  tour  islands;  he  had  landed  at  a  village 
W Tartars,  where  he  was  kindlf  received,  and  where,  he  discov- 
jired  a  watering  place  abounding  with  the  most  limpid  element 
7roiii  M.  de  Luigle's  report.  La  Perouse  save  orders  to  prepare 
%r  anchoring  in  tne  bottom  of  the  bay,  which  was  named  Bale 
"daOastris. 

-  In  this  bay  the  French  navigators  first  discovered  the  use  of  the 
^ciUele  of  lead  or  bone,  which  these  people,  and  the  inhabitants  of 
'Si^alien  Island,  wear  on  the  thumb  like  a  rins;  it  greatly  assists 
'niem  in  cutting  and  stripping  the  salmon  with  a  knife,  which  it 
^ihrays  hanging  to  their  girdle  Their  village  was  built  upon  Ion 
'Itaarshy  land,  which  must  doubtless  be  unmhabitable  during  the 
^#iator;  but  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  gulf,  another  vulag* 
Ti^peared  on  a  more  elevated  situation.  It  was  seated  at  the  en> 
^trance  of  a  wood,  and  contained  eight'  cabins,  larger  and  better 
'tenstrueted  than  the  first.  Not  mr  from  these  cabins,  thOT 
^iMted  three  yourts,  or  subterranean  houses.  They  were  suffi- 
eiently  capacious  to  accommodate  the  inhabitants  of  the  whole 
^(Mght  eabms  during  the  severity  of  the  inclement  season.  On 
-t&e  borders  of  this  village  several  tombs  presented  themeelves, ' 
-^ich  were  larcer  and  more  ingeniously  fabricated  than  the 
Itouses;  each  of  then  contained  tnree,  four,  or  five  biera,  doeo- 
jraled  with  Chinese  stnfi,  some  pieces  of  which  were  broMfdiB. 
'^ws,  arrows,  and  the  other  most  esteemed  articlos  of  these  people, 
^^*||MMr0  suspended  in  the  antoridr  of  these  monuments,  the  wooden 
^liMr  of  which  was  eloaed  by  a  bar,  supported  at  each  end  by  a 

-'■'  Th»  women  are  wrapped  in  a  large  robe  of  nankeen,  or  ad* 
^%OD'a  akin,  curiooaly  tanned,  deaeending  as  low  as  the  ankle- 
%iMia,  sometimes  embrtlished  with  a  border  of  fVinse  manufactured 
6f  copper;  and  nrodudng  Bounds  like  those  of  little  bells.  Those 
^iiittien  which  nimish  a  oovering  for  the  fair,  weigh  thirty  or 
'fiiity  pounds;  and  are  never  eaught  in  summer;  those  which  were 
-tikan  bv  the  French  visiters  did  not  exceed  three  or  four  pounds 
'la  we^ht;  but  that  disadvant^e  was  fuUy  compensated  by  the 
^4n|lraorainary  nomber,  and  tba  extreme  delicacy  of  their  flavor. 
'  'OnthaddefAttguat,  LaPeronae  sailed  with  a  light  hreeie. 
fOlk  fha  19th  Cane  Tronn  was  ilerceirad  to  the  southward,  and 
-'OipaUriea  to  tne  aoudi-aast-by-east;  its  proper  direction,  ae* 
'mmtg  to  the  Duteh  ehart:  their  skuatioii  could  not  j^bly 
iMva Mtn datanBtned withoMwa praciakm  by modam iwvigiliWB. 


L^.-  .,-      .      ,.-f.,^,>^,.-.ia.,to.,.,,->.:       .       ■■'■■■,-'-,      -'~^- ^{--1 


MNUMhilti  *LAlMttMlk. 


Ito 


he  Mw  a  rcmarkaUt 
.  on  all  ndM  prenrrvt 
lit  the  title  of  Peak  la 

Ivigators  were  at  the 
convenient  anchor- 
^uie  that  there  wa»  ez< 
landed  at  a  village 
and  where,  he  diecov- 
moat  limpid  element, 
save  orders  to  prepare 
hich  waa  named  Baie 

■covered  the  oae  of  the 

and  the  inhabitanta  of 

ring;  it  greatly  aaaisti 

with  a  knife,  which  ii 

age  waa  built  upon  Ion 

ninhabitable  during  the 

gulf,  another  vul^g* 

t  waa  seated  at  the  en- 

bina,  larger  and  better 

>m  these  cabins,   they 

aee.      They  wereauffi- 

ihabitants  of  the  whole 

inclement  aeason.    On 

I  presented  themeelves,  • 

ily  fabricated  than  the 

bur,  or  five  biera,  daeo- 

»f  which  were  brocade. 

I  articloa  of  these  people, 

monuments,  the  wooden 

ported  at  each  end  by  a 

»be  of  nankean.  or  ad- 
g  as  low  as  tha  anUe- 
)r  of  IVinge  manufactured 
le  pf  little  bells.  Those 
«  fair,  weigh  thirty  or 
nmer;  those  which  were 
ed  thrae  or  four  pounds 
My  compensated  by  the 
delicacy  of  their  flavor, 
fid  with  a  light  breese. 
1  to  the  southward,  and 
ts  proper  direction,  ao> 
ition  cohM  not  ifdMinbly 
D  by  modara  iwvigttMi. 


In  the  eveniogof  the  6th,  they  made  tllia  entraiMie  of  A^atela 
Bay,  or  Saint  Peter  and  Saint  Pkul.  The  Ught-house,  erected 
by  the  Russians  on  the  east  point  of  the  entrance,  was  not  ldn..!ed 
during  the  night;  as  an 'excuse  for  which  the  governor  declared 
the  n«.xt  day,  that  all  their  effbrts  to  keep  it  burn  had  been  in- 
effectual; the  wind  had  constantly  extinguished  the  flame,  which 
was  only  sheltered  by  four  planks  of  wood  very  indiffisrently 
cemented. 

The  government  of  Kamtschatka  had  been  materially  changed 
since  the  departure  of  the  English,  and  was  now  only  a  dependenoy 
of  that  of  Ochotsk.  lliese  ^uticniars  were  communicated  to  oita 
navigators  by  lieutenant  Kaborof,  governor  of  the  harbor  of  Saint 
Peter  and  Saint  Paul,  having  a  sergeant  and  forty  soldiers  undar 
his  command.    M.  de  Lessops,  who  acted'aa  interpreter,  and  who 

etrfectly  understood  the  Russian  language,  wrote  a  letter,  in  La 
erouse's  name,  to  the  governor  of  Ochotsk,  to  whom  La  Perooia 
ahw  wrote  in  French  himself.  .  He  told  him  that  the  narrative  of 
Cook's  last  voyase  had  spread  abroad  the  fame  of  the  hosoitality 
of  the  Kamtachadale  government;  and  he  flattered  himself  that 
l^e  should  be  aa  favorutly  received  as  the  English  navigators,  ia 
his  voyage,  like  theirs,  was  intended  for  the  general  benefit  of  all 
maritime  lutions. 

The  Kamtschadales  are  of  an  imitative  gMiiuB,  and  fond  of 
adopting  the  customs  of  their  conquerors.  They  have  already 
abandoned  the  yourts,  in  which  thev  were  formerly  Accustomed 
to  burrow  like  badgers,  breathing  tool  air  during  the  whole  joi 
the  winter.  The  most  opulent  among  them  now  build  isbas,  or 
wooden  houses,  like  those  of  the  Russians:  they  are  divided  into 
three  small  rooms,  and  are  conveniently  warmtd  by  a  bri(sk-stov«. 
The  inferior  people  pass  their  winters  and  summers  in  balaa;aiis, 
resembling  wooden  pgeon-houses,  covered  with  thatch,  and  plaie^d 
upon  the  tope  of  posta  twelve  or  thirteen  feet  high,  to  iHucb  fie 
women,'  as  well  as  men,  find  a  ladder  necessary  for  their  asean- 
•ion.  But  these  tatter  -buildings  wilt  probably  soon  disappiaif : 
for  the  Kamtschadales  imitate  the  manners  and  dresses  or  the 
Russians.  'It  is  curious  to  see  in  thair  little  cottages,  a  quantity 
of  cash  in  circulation ;  and  it  ma;^  be  considered  aa  a  still  graatOr 
curiosity,  because  the  practice  exists  among  so  small  a  number  of 
inhabitanta.  Their  consunqption  of  the  commodities  of  Ruiiia 
and  China  are  so  few,  that  the  balance  of  trade  is  entirely  in  their 
favor,  in  consequence  of  which  it  is  necessary  to  pay  them  the 
difference  in  roubles.  '  The  Kamtschadales,  saya  La  Perouae, 
appeared  to  me  to  t>e  the  aame  people  aa  those  of  the  Bay  of  C  as-' 
tries,  on  the  cotfst  of  Tartary;  they  are  equally  remarkable  for 
their  mildMsa  and  their  probfty,  and  their  persons  are  not  vary 
diasiniilar. 

Tha  ^^proaoh  of  wiatar  turn  Wamad  oar  navigatora  to  depajrt; 
f&t  gKNUM,  wych,  on  iMr  witrtl  od  tha  Tth  of  September,  ▼•iw 


m 


r  JT— 


1 


' 


. 


|N  MMiiaom  OB  la  ruovn. 

adorned  with  th«  moirt  beautiful  verdure,  waa  aa  yeUow  aod  PwelMd 
op  on  the  35th  of  the  aame  month,  aa  in  the  environa  of  Paria  at 
the  conelaaion  of  December.  La  Peroute  therefore  gave  prepar- 
atorj  ordera  for  their  departure,  and,  on  the  39th,  sot  under  way. 
M.  kaaloff  came  to  take  a  final  leave  of  him,  and  <uned  on  board. 
He  accompanied  him  on  ahore,  with  M.  de  Langle,  and  aaveral 
officera,  and  waa  liberally  entertained  with  a  good  aupper,  and 
a  ball. 

Induced  by  a  weatem  gale,  La  Perouae  attempted  to  reach  the 
parallel  of  Bktusainville'a  Navigator'a  lalanda,  a  diacovery  due  to 
the  French,  where  fresh  provision  might  probably  be  procured. 
On  the  6th  of  December,  at  three  in  the  afternoon,  he  afw  the 
moat  eaaterly  island  of  that  Archipelago,  and  stood  on  and  off  dur- 
ing  the  reat  of  the  evenins  and  night.  Meaning  to  anchor  if  ha 
net  with  a  proper  place,  La  Perouse  passed  through  the  channel 
between  the  great  and  the  little  islands  that  Bougainville  left  to 
the  aouth;  though  hardly  a  league  wide,  it  appeared  perfeotir 
free  from  danger.  He  saw  no  canoea  till  he  waa  in  the  channel, 
ret  he  beheld  several  habitationa  on  the  windward  side  of  the 
island,  and  a  group  of  Indians  sitting  under  the  shade  of  cocoa-nut 
trees,  who  seemed  delighted  with  the  prospect  forded  by  the 
frigates. 

At  break  of  day  they  were  surprised  not  to  see  land  to  leeward; 
Bor  waa  it  to  be  discovered  till  six  o'clock  next  momina .  C^arm- 
.«d  with  the  beautiful  dawn  of  the  following  morning.  La  Perouae 
treaolved  to  reconnoitre  the  country,  take  a  view  of  the  inhabitants 
at  their  own  homes,  fill  water ,~  and  immediately  set  underway; 
prudence  warning  him  against  pasaing  a  second  hight  at  that 
anchorage,  which  M.  de  Langle  also  thought  too  dangeroua  for 
a  longer  stay.  It  waa  therefore  agreed  on  to  sail  in  the  afternoon, 
after  appropriating  the  morning  in  exchanging  baublea  for  h<wa 
and  fivit.  At  the  dawn  of  dav  the  islanders  had  surrounded  the 
two  friaates,  with  two  hundred  different  canoea  laden  with  pcovi* 
Mon,  which  ^hey  would  only  exchange  for  beads,  axes,  and  doth; 
other  articles  of  traffic,  were  treated  by  them  with  contentpt. 
'While  a  part  of  the  crew  was  occupied  in  keeping  them  in  order, 
\  and  dealing,  the  rest  were  despatcning-  empty  casks  on  shore  to 
■b^  repleniahed  with  water.  Iwo  boata  of  the  Bouasole,  armed, 
and  commanded  by  Messrs  de  Clonard  and  Colinet,  and  those  of 
the  Astrolabe,  commanded  b^  Messra.  de  Monti  and  Bellegarde, 
aet  off  with  tlwt  view  at  five  in  the  mornings  for  %  bay  at  the  dis- 
tance of  about  a  league.  La  Perouse  followed  close  after  Meaars 
Clonard  and  Monti,  in  hia  pinnace,  and  landed  when  they  did. 
Itunfortunately  happened  that  M.  de  Langle  had  formed  a  reaolu- 
tion  to  make  an  excv.'sion  in  his  jolly-boat  to  another  creek,  at  the 
diatance  of  abouc  a  league  from  their  watering-place;  front  ibis 
excnraion  a  dire  misfortune  enaued.  The  creek,  towards  wUeh 
tfa*  loog-boata  ataered,  waa  large  and  commodioua:  ttifM|  |pd 


1)11  liiniiilHriHi'iii (gyiiiiggggtiiiiiijijijj^ggi^i^gjji, 


MMniBim  DB  LA  mooM. 


IMf 


J  M  yellow  and  MfdMd 
le  environs  of  Fkrie  «t 
I  therefore  gave  prepv- 

i  29tb,  got  under  way. 

D,  and  (fined  on  board. 
le  Langle,  and  several 
Ith  a  good  supper,  and 

attempted  to  reach  the 
a  discovery  due  to 

probably  be  procured, 
afternoon,  he  sfw  the 
iJ  stood  on  and  off  dur- 
eaning  to  anchor  if  he 
led  through  the  channel 
hat  Bougainville  left  to 
I,  it  appeared  perfeotlv 
he  was  in  the  channel, 

windward  side  of  the 
r  the  shade  of  cocoa-nut 
ospect  fifforded  by  the 

>t  to  see  land  to  leeward; 
next  mominff .  C%arm- 
ig  morning.  La  Ferouse 
I  a  view  of  the  inhabitants 
lediately  set  under  way; 
a  second  night  at  that 
lought  too  dangerous  for 
n  to  sailin  the  afternoon, 
anging  baubles  for  hogs 
iders  had  surrounded  toe 
canoes  laden  with  piovi- 
r  beads,  axes,  and  elerith; 
ty  them  with  contenlpt. 
n  keeping  them  in  otivr, 
smpty  casks  on  shore  to 
of  the  Boussole,  armed, 
nd  Colinet,  and  those  of 
!fl  Monti  and  B^Hegiirde, 
ing^  for  U  bay  at  the  dis- 
lowed  close  after  Messrs 
d  landed  when  they  did. 
Dgle  had  formed  a  resclu- 
it  to  another  creek,  at  Uie 
atering-place;  from  t&ii 
w  creek,  towards  which 
eommodioaa:  tlifM,  iHid 


the  other  boats,  remained  afloat  at  low  water,  within  half  a  pistol- 
shot  of  the  beach,  and  excellent  water  was  easily  procured.  Great 
order  was  observed  by  Messrs.  de  Clonard  and  de  Monti.  A  lint 
of  soldiers  was  posted  between  the  beach  and  the  natives,  who 
amounted  to  about  two  hundred,  including  many  women  and 
children.  They  were*prevailed  on  to  sit  down  under  cocoa-trees, 
at  a  little  distance  from  the  boats;  each  of  them  had  fowls,  hogs, 
pigeons,  or  fruit,  and  all  of  them  were  onxioufi  to  dispose  of  their 
articles  without  delay,  which  created  some  confusion. 

While  matters  were  thus  passing  with  perfect  tranquillity,  and 
the  casks  expeditiously  filling  with  water.  La  Perouse  ventured 
to  visit  a  charming  viliaee,  situated  in  the  midst  of  a  neighboring 
wood,  the  trees  of  which  were  loaded  with  delicious  fruit.  The 
houses  formed  a  circle  of  about  one  hundred  and  fifty  tmses  in 
diameter,  leaving  an  interior  open  space,  beautifully  verdant,  and 
abaded  with  trees,  which  rendered  the  air  delightfully  cool  and 
refreshing.  Women,  children,  and  aged  men  attended  him,  and 
eamestlyjnaportuned  him  to  enter  their  houses;  they  even  spread 
their  finest  mats  upon  the  floor,  decorated  with  chosen  pebbles, 
and  raised  a  convenient  distance  from  the  ground,  to  prevent 
offensive  humidity.  La  Perouse  condescended  to  enter  one  of 
the  handsomest  of  these  huts,  which  ^as  probably  inhabited  by  a 
chief,  and  was  astonished  to  behold  alarge  cabinet  of  lattice-work, 
•n  wlUch  as  much  taste  and  elegance  were  displayed  as  if  it  had 
been  produced  in  the  environs  of  Paris.  This  enchanting  coun- 
try, blessed  with  a  fruitful  soil  without  culture,  and  enjoying  • 
cUmate  which  renders  clothing  unnecessary,  holds  out  to  theae 
fortunate  people  an  abundance  of  the  most  estimable  food.  The 
trees  invite  the  natives  to  partake  of  the  bread-fruit,  the  banana, 
the  cocoa-nut,  and  the  orange;  while  the  swine,  fowls,  and  dogs, 
which  partake  of  the  surplus  of  these  fruits,  afford  them  a  neh 
variety  of  viands.  The  inhabitants  of  this  enviable  spot  were  so 
rich,  and  entirely  free  from  wants,  that  they  looked  with  disdain 
on  the  cloth  and  iron  tendered  by  the  French  visiters,  and  only 
deigned  to  become  customers  for  beads.  Abounding  in  real  bleaa- 
ings,  fhey  languished  only  for  superfluities. 

The  boats  of  the  BouAsole  now  arrived  loaded  with  water,  aad 
La  Perouse  made  every  preparation  to  get  under  way.  M.  de 
Langle  at  the  same  instant  returned  from  his  excursion,  maA 
mentioned  his  having  landed  in  a  noble  harbor  for  boats,  at  the 
foot  of  a  delightful  village,  and  near  a  cascade  of  transparent 
water.  He  spoke  of  this  watering-place  as  infinitely-  more  com- 
modious than  any  other,  and  begged  La  Perouse  to  permit  him  to 
take  the  lead  of  the  first  party,  assuring  him  that  in  three  hours  he 
would  return  on  board  with  ail  the  boats  full  of  water,  lliougb 
La  Perouse,  from  the  appearance  of  things  at  this  time,  had  no 

£t(A  ^^prehensions  of  aanger,  he  was  averse  to  sending  boato  <m 
Cf  wtthoat  the  greatest  necesaity,  espaeially  MBong  ani 

17  • 


'If 


...I  .i,i4iyBB 


IM^ 


i«MnniiaDa.i.A  moon. 


nunlMr  of.  people,  unsupporteJ  and  uiwercetTed  bj  the  eliipe. 
The  boats  put  off  frma  the  Astrolabe  at  half  put  twelve,  and  ar- 
rived at  the  watering-place  soon  after  one;  3irhen,  to  their  great 
astontBhment,  M.  de  Jbangle,  and  his  officers,  instead  of  findins 
a  large  .commodious  bay,  saw  only  a  creek  full  of  coral,  through 
which  there  was  no  ether  passage  than  a  winding  channel  of  about 
twenty-five  feet  wide.  When  within,  they  had  no  more  than  five 
feet  water;  the  long-4H)atfl  grounded,  and  the  barges  must  hare 
been  in  the  same  situation  naU  they  not  been  hauled  to  the  cq- 
traace  of  the  channel  at  a  great  distance  from  the  beach.  M.  de 
Laogle  was  now  convinced  4hat  he  had  examined  the  bay  at  high- 
water,  only,  not  supposing  that  the  tide  at  those  islands  lOse  five  or 
six  feet.  Struck  with  amazement,  he  instantly  resolved  to  quit 
the^ creek,  and  repair  to  that  where  they  had  hefbtt  filled  water; 
but  the  air  of  tranquillity  and  apparent  good  humor  of  the  crowd 
of  Indians,  bringing  with  them  an  immense  quantity  of  fruit  and 
hogs,  chased  hia  SxdL  prudent  idea  from  his  recollection 

He  landed  the  casks  on  shore  from  the  four  boats  without  in- 
terruption, while  his  soldiers  preserved  excellent  order  on  the 
beach,  forming  themselves  in  two  lines,  the  more  efiectually  to 
answer  their  purpose.  Ifiatead  of  about  two  hundred  natives,  in- 
cluding women  and  children,  which  M,  de  X^ngle  found  there  at 
about  half  after  one,  they  were,  at  three  o'clock,  increased  to  the 
alarming  number  of  one  thousand  and  two  hundred.  M.  de  Lan- 
glefa  situation  became  every  instant  more  embarrassing;  he  found 
means,  however,  to  ship  his  wat^r,  but  the  bay  was  almost  dr^, 
and  he  had  not.  any.  hopea.  of  getting  off,  the  long-boats  till  four  in 
the.  afternoon.  He  aiiidjhia  d^tacbnu;nt,  however,  stepped  into 
them,  and  took  post  in  the  bow  with  his  musket  and  musketeers, 
foriwdding  any  one  to. fire  without  his  command;  which  he  knew 
would  speedily  be  found  neceiMury>  Stones  were  now  violently 
thn|fQk  by  the  Indians,  who  were  up  to  their  knees  in  water,  and 
suriDunded  the  long-boats,  at  the  distance  of  about  six  feet; 
the  soldiers,  who  were  embarked,  making  feeble  efforts  to  keep 
them  off. 

M.  de  LaQgle,  still  hoping  to  check  hostilities,'^  without  efitiaicm 
of  bh>od,  gave  qo  orders,  all  this  time,  for  firing  a  volley  of  mue- 
ketiy  and  swivels;  but  shortly  after,  a  shower  of  stones,  thrown 
with  incredible  force,  struck  almost  every  one  in  the  long-boat. 
fSk  de  Langle  had  only  fired  two  shot,  when  he  was  knocked 
overboard,  and  massacred:  with  clubs  and  stones  by  about  two 
hundred  Indians.  The  long-boat  of  the  Boussole,  commanded  by 
M.  de  Boutin,  was  aground  near  th^.  Astrolabe,  leaving  between 
them  a  channel  unoccupied  by  the  Indians.  I^Iany  saved  them-  . 
sdves  by  swimming,  who  fortunately  got  on  board  the  barges, 
wbic^  keeping  afloat,  forty-nine  jperftona  were  saved  out  ofthe 
■tMlf rtMWt  eC  which  the  p«r^.  coniiited.  Bf.  Bo^ttn  was  knocked 
imB^ky.  t  film*  ^^  ^>f*mil^7  m  ^^f^nm^  m  Mro  loni-boiMii^ 


XMiimmini MiwiwiiiiiiiKin    II I.. 


lived  bj  the  aliiiM. 
pMt  twelve,  end  ar- 
Fhen,  to  their  great 
ire,  instead  of  finding 
'  'lof  coral,  through 
ig  channel  of  about 
I  no  more  than  fire 
.      barges  must  have 
|een  hauled  to  the  «n- 
the  beach.    M.  de 
jedthebayathigh- 
Dse  islands  lose  five  or 
uitly  resolved  to  quit 
ad  befoAs  filled  w^r; 
d  humor  of  the  crowd 
B  quantity  of  fruit  and 
recollection 
four  boats  without  ia- 
ixcellent  order  on  the 
le  more  efiectually  to 
o  hundred  natives,  in- 
X^nffle  found  there  at 
clock,  increased  to  the 
lundred.    M.  de  Lin- 
nbarras^ing;  he  found 
le  bay  was  almost  dry, 
long-boats  till  four  m 
however,  ste{kped  into 
usket  and  musketeen, 
numd;  which  he  knew 
es  were  now  violently    : 
ir  knees  in  water,  and 
:e  of  about  six  feet; 
feeble  efforts  to  keep 

Lities,"  without  efltuucin 
■ring  a  ToUey  of  mu*- 
wer  of  stones,  throws 
one  in  the  long-boat, 
hen  he  was  knocked 
stones  by  about  two 
issole,  commanded  by 
abe,  leaving  between 
Many  saved  thoni> . 
)n  board  the  bargee, 
ere  saved  out  ofthe 
Bwkiia  wu  knookel 
B  thf  two  lbni-lKM|Mii^' 


MomnuB  OS  li  nooura.  IM 

on  board  of  which  not  a  man  remained  in  the  space  of  about  fiv« 
mifiatet.  Those  who  preserved  their  lives  hy  swimning  to  th^ 
two  batges,  received  several  wounds;  but  those  who  unhappily  fall; 
on  the  other  side  were  instantly  despatched  by  the  clubs  of  tha^ 
remorseless  Indians. 

The  crews  ofthe  barges,  who  had  killed  many  of  the  islanden 
with  their  muskets,  n6w  besan  to  make  more  rooiA  by  throwiaji, 
their  water-casks  overboara    They  had  also  nearly  exhaui^i^ 
their  ammunition,  and  their  retreat  was  rendered  difficult,  a 
nuiiiber  of  wounded  persons  lying  stretched  out  upon  the  thwuts, 
and  ioipedine  the  working  of  the  oars.    To  the  prudence  of  J|% 
Vaujaus,  and  the  discipline  kept  up  by  M.  Mouton,  who  ccanmaoi* 
ded  the  Boussole's  barge,  the  public  are  indebted  for  the  preseiw 
vation  ofthe  for^-nine  persons  of  both  crews  who  escapea.     iSf. 
Boutin  bad  received  five  wounds  in  the  head,  and  one  in  tli«, 
breast,  and  was  kept  above  water  by  the  cockswain  of  the  loni^^ 
boat,  who  had  himself  received  a  serere  wound.    M.  Colinet  wafi 
discovered  in  h  state  of  insensibility  upon  the  grapnel-rope  of  wi 
barge,  with  two  wounds  on  the  heao,  an  arm  fractured,  and  i 
finier  broken.    M.  Lavaux,  surgeon  of  the  Astrolabe,  was  obli" 
sea  to  suffer  the  operation  of  the  trepan.    M.  de  Lamanon,  and 
M.  de  Langle,  were  cruelly  massacred  with  Talio,  master  at  arme, 
ofthe  Boussole,  and  nine  other  persons  belonging  to  the  twtr' 
crews.    M.  le  Gk>bien,  who  commanded  the  Astrolabe's  long-boat, 
did  ifot  desert  his  post  till  he  was  left  done;  when,  having  oxbauat-^ 
«d  his  ammunition,  he  leaped  into  the  channel,  and,  notwithstan^  . 
ing  his  wounds,  preserved  himself  on  board  one  of  the  bargee. 
A  little  ammunition  was  afterwards  found,  and  completelpr  es* 
hausted  on  the  infuriated  crowd;  and  the  beets  at  length  extnoated 
themselves  fVom  their  lamentable  situatioD. 

At  five  o'clock  the  officers  and  crew  of  the  Boussole  wera 
inforrned  of  this  disastrous  event;  they  were  at  that  moment  aw* 
rounded  with  about  one  hundred  canoes,  in  which  the  niUiw 
were  disposing  of  their  provisions  with  security,  and  perfb^^j 
inrioeent  ofthe  catastrophe  which  bad  happened.  But-tney  wer« 
the  countrymen,  the  brothers,  the  children  of  the  infernal  aaiMK 
•ins,  the  thoughts  of  which  so  transported  La  Perouse  with  ran, 
that  he  eould  with  difficulty  confine  himself  to  die  limiUi  of  mom* 
ration,  or  hinder  the  crew  fh>m  punisiiing  them  with  death. 

On  the  14th  of  December,  La  Perouse  stood  for  the  Island  of. 
Oyolava,  which  had  been  observed  before  they  had  arrived  at  the 
anchorage  which  proved  so  fhtal.  This  island  is  separated  flrom 
that  of  MiQune,  or  of  the  Massacre,  bv  a  wide  channel,  and  viM.,'$ 
with  Otaheite  In  beauty,  extent,  fertility,  and  population,  i^^ 
the  distance  of  about  three  leagues  firom  the  nortb-east  point,  to 
waa  steifrounded  by  canoes,  laden  with  bread-fruit,  bananas,  eoeoii«' 
nuts,  Mgar-oaces,  pigeons,  and  a  fhw  hogs.  The  inhabitants  ot. 
thli  iiliiidfeaemble  thoee  ofthe  island  of  Steonaa,  whose  treaclMfiy 


100 


MOHtiivft  Di  LA  movra. 


had  been  so  fatally  experienced.  Some  ezohanges  were  eondnct- 
ed  with  these  islanders  with  more  tranquillity  and  hones^  than  at 
the  island  of  Maouna,  as  the  imallest  act  of  injustice  received 
immediate  chastisement. 

On  the  nth  they  approach^  the  island  of  Pola, .  but  not  a  ainffle 
canoe  came  off;  perhaps  the  natives  had  been  intimidrted  o^ 
bearing  of  the  event  which  had  taken  place  at  Maouna.  Pola  is 
a  smaller  bland  than  that  of  Oyolava,  but  equally  beautifid,  and 
is  only  separated  from  it  by  a  channel  fiwr  leagues  across.  IPbe 
natives  of  Maouna  informed  our  visiters,  that  the  Navigator's 
Islands  are  ten  in  number,  viz.  Opoun,  the  moiit  easterly,  Leone, 
Fanfoue,  Maouna,  Ovolava,  Calmasse,  Pola  Skika;  Ossamo,  and 
Ouera.  Hiese  islands  form  one  of  the  finest  archipelagoes  of  the 
SouUi  Sea,  and  are  as  interesting  with  respect  to  arts,  productions, 
and  population,  as  the  Society  and  Friendly  Islands,  which  the 
English  navigators  have  so  satisfkctorily  described.  In  favor  of 
tbeir  moral  characters,  little  remains  to  be  noticed;  gratitude  can- 
not find  a  residence  in  their  ferocious  minds;  nothing  but  fear  can 
restrain  them  from  outrageous  and  inhuman  actions.  The  huts 
of  these  islanders  are  elegantly  formed:  though  they  disdain  the 
fitbrications  of  iron,  they  finish  their  work  with  wonderful  neatness, 
with  tools  formed  of  a  species  of  basaltes  in  the  form  of  an  adae. 
For  a  few  glass-beads,  they  bartered  large  three-legged  dishes 
of  wood,  so  well-polishod  as  to  have  the  appearance  of  being 
ikighly  varnished.  They  keep  up  a  wretched  kind  of  police;  a 
ftw,  who  had  the  appearance  of  chiefs,  chastised  the  refi'actpry 
Vith  their  sticks,  but  their  assumed  power  seemed  generally  dis- 
Kiegarded;  any  regulations  which  they  attempted  to  raforce  and  to 
•stablish,  were  transgressed  almost  as  so«m  as  they  were  promul- 
gited.  Never  were  sovereigns  so  negligently  obeyed,  never  i^sre 
orders  enforced  with  such  feeble  shadows  of  authority. 

Imagination  cannot  figure  to  itself  more  agreeable  situations 
than  those  of  their  villages.  All  the  houses  are  built  under  fruit- 
tralM,  which  render  them  delightfiifly  cool;  they  are  seated  on  the 
Wders  of  streams,  leading  TOwnftom  the  mountains.  Though 
tlMKprincipal  object  in  their  architecture  is  to  protect  them  flrom 
oAtAsive  neat,  the  islanders  never  abandon  the  idea  of  elegance. 
Their  houses  are  sufficiently  spacious  to  acctommodata  several 
ftmilies;  aud  they  are  furnished  with  blinds,  which  are  drawn  up 
to  the  windward  to  prevent  the  intmsion  of  the  potent  rays  of  .the 
■un.  The  natives  repose  upon  fine  comfortable'  mats,  wUeh  are 
eaittiously  preserved  firom  all  humidity.  Nothing  can  be  saiid,  by 
our  (ravelli.rs,  of  the  religious  rites  of  these  natives,  as  no  10^ 
wai  perceived  belonging  to  them.  The  islands  are  ftrtil  and 
theirjiopulation  is  supposed  to  be  considerable.  Opun,  Luune, 
and  Fanfiiue,  are  smell ;  but  Maoune,  Oyolava,  and  Pola,  may  be 
■Mild  among  the  largest  and  most  beantiAil  in  the  South  Baa. 
Coeott  island  Ii  lofty;  and  formed  like  a  si^ar-loaf;  it  is  natrly  a 


MMHiSilii 


rnkmrnimmmmmmmmmim 


MoirnitTm  »■  la  nmomm. 


m 


^gei  were  eoiidnet< 

'  hones^  than  at 

|injuatiee  received 

--.(but  not  a  single 
len  intimidated  oy 
Maouna.    Pole  u 
tally  beantifi^,  and 
;aes  acroas.    The 
jt  the  Navicator'a 
St  easterly,  Leone, 
ikika,  OaMuno,  and 
rchipelagoea  of  the 
o  arts,  productions, 
Islands,  which  the 
ri^ed.    In  favor  of 
ced;  gratitude  can- 
nothing  but  fear  can 
actions.    The  huts 
igh  they  disdain  the 
wonderful  neatness, 
he  form  of  an  adae. 
three-legged  dishes 
ppearance  of  being 
id  kind  of  police;  a 
■tisedthe  refractory 
iemed  generally  dis- 
ed  to  enforce  and  to 
IS  they  were  promul- 
'  obeyed,  never  were 
rathority. 

agreeable  situations 
ire  built  under  fruit- 
ley  are  seated  on  the 
nountains.  Though 
to  proteet  them  from 
he  idea  of  elegance. 
bc|ommodate  several 
«^i,eh  are  drawn  up 
le  |H>tent  rays  of  the 
ble'  mats,  wMeh  are 
hing  ean  be  said,  by 
Batives,  as  no  ioi>u  . 
inda  are  frrtil  and 
ble.  Opun,  Luune, 
a,andPoia,  maybe 
>1  in  the  Soqth  Sea. 
r-loaf;  it  ia  Marly  a 


mile  in  diameter,  covered  with  trees,  and  is  separated  from  Trait- 
ors' Island  by  a  channel  about  a  league  wide.  At  eight  in  the 
morning  La  Perouse  brought  too,  to  the  west-south-weat,  at  twu 
miles  from  a  sandy  bay  in  the  western  part  of  the  Great  Island  of 
Traitors,  where  he  expected  to  find  an  anchorage  sheltered  from 
easteHy  winds.  About  twenty  canoes  instantly  quitted  the  shore 
and  approached  the  frigates  in  order  to  make  exchanges;  several 
of  them  were  loaded  with  excellent  cocoa-nuts,  with  a  few  yams 
and  bananas;  one  of  them  brought  a  hog,  and  three  or  four  fowls. 
It  evidenUy  appeared  that  these  Indians  had  before  some  know- 
ledge of  Europeans,  as  they  came  near  without  fear,  traded  with 
honesty,  and  never  refused  to  part  with  their  fruit  before  they  were 
paid  for  it.  They  spoke,  however,  the  same  language,  and  the 
same  ferocity  appeared  in  their  countenances:  their  manner  of 
tattooing,  and  the  form  of  their  canoes  were  the  same,  but  they 
had  not,  like  th^m,  two  joints  cut  off  from  the  little  finger  of  the 
left  hand;  two  individuals  had,  however,  sufiered  that  operation. 

On  the  27th  of  December,  Vavao  was  perceived,  an  island 
which  Captain  Cook  had  never  visited,  but  was  no  stranger  to  its 
existence,  as  one  of  the  archipelago  of  the  Friendly  Islands;  it  is 
nearly  equal  in  extent  to  that  of  Tongataboo,  and  is  particularly 
fortunate  in  having  no  deficiency  of  fresh  water.  The  two  small 
islands  of  Hoongatonga  are  no  more  than  two  large  uninhabitable 
rocks,  which  are  high  enough  to  be  seen  at  the  distance  of  fifteen 
leagues.  Their  position  is  ten  leagues  north  of  Tonffataboo;  but 
that  island  being  low,  it  can  hardly  be  seen  at  half  that  distance. 
On  the  31st  of  December,  at  six  m  the  morning,  an  appearance 
•like  the  tops  of  trees,  which  eeemed  to  grow  in  the  water,  proved 
the  harbinger  of  Van  Diemaoi's  point.  The  wind  being  northerly. 
La  Perouse  steered  for  the  south  coast  of  the  island,  which  may, 
without  danger,  be  approached  within  three  musket-shots.  Not 
the  semblance  of  a  hill  is  to  be  seen ;  a  calm  sea  cannot  present 
a  more  level  surface  to  the  eye.  The  huts  of  the  natives  were 
scattered  irregularly  over  the  fields,  and  not  socially  collected 
into  a  conversable  neighborhood.  Seven  or  eight  canoes  were 
launched  from  these  habitations,  and  directod  their  course  towards 
the  vessels;  but  these  islanders  were  -awkward  seamen,  and  did 
not  venture  to  come  near,  though  the  water  was  smooth,  and  no 
obstacle  impeded  their  passage.  At  the  distance  of  about  eight 
or  ten  feet,  they  leaped  overboard  and  swam  near  the  frigates, 
holding  in  each  hand  a  quantitjr  of  cocoa-nuts,  which  they  were 
glad  to  exchange  for  pieces  of  iron,  nails,  and  hatchets;  from  the 
honesty  of  their  dealings  a  friendly  intercourse  ensued  between 
the  islanders  and  the  navigators,  and  they  ventured  to  come  on 
board. 

Norfolk  Island,  offthe  coast  of  New  South  Wales,  which  they 
a«w  on  the  13th  of  January,  is  very  steep,  bvH  does  not  exeeed 
ei^ily  t«iMi  above  tha  laval  of  the  sea.    It  ia  aovared  with  piaaa, 


^ 


I 


Ml 


iifmmnk  B4  H  Hump- 


w]|y|(pb  «ppear  to  Im  of  4^  uni«  ueciMi  M  tbo«e  of  Ii(«w  Gtla^f)!:, 
nin,  or  Mow.  Zealand.  Ca^liain  Coo|(  hayina  decared  that  he  miw 
many  cabbage-trees  in  this  islapd,  heightened  the  desire  of  the  nav- 
igators to  land  on  it.  Perhaps  the  palm  which  produces  these 
cabbages,,»  very  small,  for  a<^  a  single  tree  of  that  species  could 
be  discovered.  On  the  ^tb,  at  nine  m  the  morning,  La  Perouse 
let  go  the  anchor  at  a  mile  from  the  north  coast  of  Botany  Bay,  in 
seven  fathoms  water.  An  English  lieatenaot,  and  a  midshipman, 
were  sent  on  board  his  ship  by  Captain  Hunter,  commanaer  of 
the  Siriua.  They  offered  lum,  in  Captain  Hunter's  name,  all  the 
services  in  his  power;  but  circumstances  would  not  permit  him  to 
supply  them  with  provision,  ammunition,  or  sails.  An  officer  wap 
despatched  from  the  French  to  the  English  Captain,  returning 
thanks,  and  adding,  that  his  wants  extended  only  to  wood  and 
water,  of  which  hS  should  find  plenty  in  the  bay.  The  journal  of 
La  Perouse  proceeds  no  further.  La  Perouse,  according  to  his 
last'  letters  from  Botany  Bay,  was  to  return  to  tM  Islo  of  Prance 
in  1788. 

They  left  Botany  bay  in  March,  and,  in  a  letter  which  the 
commodore  wrote  February  7,  he  stated  his  intention  to  continue 
his  researches  till  December,  when  he  expected,  after  visiting  the 
Friendly  islands,  to  arrive  at  the  Isle  of  France.  This  was  the 
latest  intelligence  received  of  the  fate  of  the  expedition;  and  M. 
d'  Entrecasteaux,  who  was  despatched  by  the  French  government, 
in  1791,  in  search  of  La  Perouse,  was  unable  to  trace  the  course 
ha  had  taken,  or  gain  any  clew  to  the  catastrophe  which  had  be- 
fiUlen  him  and  his  companions. 

In  1825,  the  attention  of  the  public  was  excited  towards  this 
qnrstehous  affair,  by  a  notice  published  by  the  French  minister 
of  the  marme,  purporting  that  an  Amerian  captain  had  declared 
that  he  had  seen,  in  the  bands  of  one  of  the  natives  of  an  island 
in  the  tract  between  Ix>uisiade  and  New  Caledonia,  a  cross  of  the 
mrderof  St.  Louis,  and  some  medals,  which  appeared  to  have  been 
procured  from  the  shipwreck  of  La  Perouse.  In  consequence  of 
this  information,  the  comimander  of  a  vessel  which  sailed  from 
IWoD,  in  April,  1836,  on  a  voyage  of  discovery,  received  orders 
to  make  researches  iu  the  quarter  sMcified,  in  order  to  restore 
10  their  country  any  of  the  phipwrfcked  or^w  who  might  yet  re- 
naio  in  existence.  Other  intelligence,  relative  to  the  wreck  of 
two  large  vessels,  on  two  difihlfnt  iidands  of  the  New  Hebrides, 
was  obtained  b^  captain  IJ^lon,  the  commander  of  ail  EngUfh 
vassal  atTucopia,  in  his  passage  from  Valparaiso  to  Pondicherry, 
m  May,  iti^,  in  oonsaquance  of  which  he  was  sent  back  to  aa- 
dtftaiii  the  truth  of  Uia  matter.  The  fiicts  discovered  bv  him  on 
this  mission,  wrjre,  that  the  two  (riiips  struck  on  a  reef  at  Mallioolo, 
..  I*  4'  8i  latif  «de,  IW**  aCT  E.  longitude ;  ona  of  than  inmsdiaMj 
nmul  4ovni  wd  tU  opt  board  pplM;  seme  af  thf  eraw  of  iImi 
allNMr  nfifti,  pavt  of  whop  vwnt  nNnidfrad  bjr  tk«  savogfa;  tj|« 


aUNMtiwiii'w.w'" 'Iff  liiiJiaMillliiliiiliiBiiiefc^ 


of  N«w  Calodo- 
.ared  that  he  Miir 
desire  of  the  nav- 
produces  these 
It  species  could 
ins,  La  Perouse 
.  _>9taay  Bay,  in 
id  a  midshipman, 
.  commander  of 
jer's  name,  all  the 
not  permit  him  to 
I.  An  officer  w^p 
'aptain,  returning 
only  to  wood  and 
The  journal  of 
,  aecordinff  to  his 
M  Isle  of  France 

letter  which  the 
ention  to  continue 
i,  after  visiting  the 
e.  This  was  the 
spedition;  and  M. 

EBnch  government, 
>  trace  the  course 
he  which  had  be- 

cited  towards  this 
:  French  minister 
>tain  had  declared 
itives  of  an  island 
nia,  a  cross  of  the 
wred  to  have  been 
in  consequence  of 
which  sailed  from 
J,  received  ordera 
1  order  to  restore 
irho  might  yet  re- 
I  to  the  wreck  of 
e  New  Hebrides, 
er  of  aA  Engliph 
9  to  Poodicheriy, 
sent  back  to  aa- 
arered  br  him  oo 
reefatMaUicolo« 
theniniiiadia^jr 
f  tkf  erew  of  jt^ 
tkf  Mvagfa;  ^ 


MlBanVMiJi'c  VUMMM.  flfli- 

remainder  built  a  small  ressel,  and  let  aail  from  Mallieolo;  bat 
wliat  b«feuM  of  (hete  ii  ttiil  known.'  Iria  iMli,  indaodf  c&tt^ 
that  these  were  the  vessels  of  La  PeronM.  ■w.t 


MIDfiHIFBIAN'8  CBANKQ^ 


BT  OAFTAIN  HALL. 


JDuring  the  long  winters  of  oar  slothful  diseootent  at  Bermuda, 
eaiUed  by  the  peace  of  Amiens,  the  grand  reeoaree,  both  of  ^ 
idle  and  the  busy,  amongit  all  classes  of  the  Lsuider's  offieevkf 
was  shooting — that  never-ending,  still-beginning  amusemeirf, 
which  Englishmen  carry  to  the  remotest  comer  of  the  habitable 
globe — popping  away  in  all  countries,  thinking  only  of  game,  and 
often  but  too  reckless  of  the  prejudices,  or  fear  of  the  natives.'  Hibr 
propensity  is  indulged  even  in  those  uninhabited  regions  of  thv 
earth  .which  are  visited  only  once  in  an  age;  and  if  Captain  Pktrf 
had  reached  the  pole,  he  would  unqueationably  have  had  a  shot 
at  the  axis  of  the  earth! 

In  the  meantime,  the  officers  and  young  gentle:  oen  of  the  flajf- 
ship  at  Bermuda  in  the  beginning  of  1808,  Lsuppose  to  keep  their 
hands  in  for  the  war  which  they  saw  brewing,  and  prayed  hourly 
for,  were  constantly  blazing^away  amongst  the  cedar  groves  um 
orange  plantations  of  those  fairy  islanm,  which  appeared  to  bC 
more  and  more  beautiful  after  every  such  excursion.  The  mid^ 
stiiptoed  were  generally  obliged  to  content  themselves  with  knoek^ 
faig  down  the  blue  and  red  birds  with  the  ship's  pistols,  chargMl 
with  His  Majesty's  (gunpowder,  and,  for  want  of  small  shot^  Willi 
slugs  fl>rmed  by  cutting  up  His  Majesty's  musket-buUeis.  Hie 
pffleers  aimed  at  higher  game,  and  were,  of  coarse,  better  profid> 
ed  with  suns  and  ammunition.  Sevenjl  of  these  gentlemen  hid 
brought  fh>m  England  some  fine  do|s — ^hi|^  bred  pointera,  wMM 
the  middies,  also,  not  to  be  outdone,  must  needs  nave  ado^cf 
titiit  own:  they  recked  very  little  of  what  breed;  but  Mme  ton  «t 
ablmal  tiray  said  thejTirmast  have.  ,      ..j 

TfiTijfii  1i6w  we  Orbeured  the  strange4ooking  animal  whoae 
servitiei  tfe  contrived  to  engage;  but  having '6nee  eMained  hfani 
w«  W»r«  ^6t  slew  in  giving  him  our  best  afTeMions.  It  is  true  IM 
wits  as  aglv  as  anything  oouM  possibly  be.  His  eolor  was  a  dirty 
reddish  yellow;  and  whHe  a  part  of  his  hair  twisted  itsOlf  up  n 
curiiir,  k  part  Hung  down  quite  straight,  almost  to  the  ground.'  H« 
was  utterly  useless  for  all  the  purposes  of  real  sport,  but  quM 
gUFttd  l^iiin4hto  fiiraish  the mUb  vritb  plenty  of  fun  When  they  went 
oiJlft^^^-3n  '«hasinf^i|^,  baVkiag'  af  old  white  heMed  uegteiifc^ 


t  ; 


!  ? 


tM 


ssxmp 


moontiairv  tuum. 


and  other  aranMinents  suked  to  the  exalted  tMte  and  habits  of  the 
rilling  generation  of  officers. 

People  will  differ  as  to  the  merits  of  dogs;  but  we  had  no  doubts 
as  to  tne  great  superiority  of  ours  over  alTothers  on  board,  though 
the  nanie  we  gave  him  certainly  implied  no  such  confidence  on 
our  part.  After  a  full  deliberation,  it  was  decided  to  call  him 
Shakings.  Now  it  must  be  explained  that  shakinss  is  a  name 
given  to  small  fragments  of  rope  yams,  odds  and  en£i  of  cordage, 
bits  of  oakum,  old  lanyards, — m  short  to  anr  kind  of  refuse  arisuig 
•ut  of  the  wear  and  tear  of  the  ropes.  This  odd  nam^  was  per- 
haps bestowed  on  our  beautiful  favorite  in  consequence  of^  his 
color  not  being  very  dissimilar  to  that  of  well  tarred  Russia  hemp; 
while  the  resemblance,  was  increased  by  many  a  (iab  of  pitch, 
which  his  rough  coat  inbibed  from  Uie  seams  between  the  planks 
of  the  deck  in  hot  weather. 

If  old  Shakings  was  of  no  great  beauty,  he  was  at  least,  the 
OMst  companionable  of  dogs;  and  though  he  dearly  loved  the 
middiipmen  and  was  dearly  beloved  by  Siem  in  return,  he  had 
enough  of  the  animal  in  his  composition  to  take  a  higher  pleas- 
ure in  the  society  of  his  own  kind.  So  that  when  the  high  bred, 
showy  pointers  belonging  to  the  officers  came  on  bottrd,  after  a 
footing  fcxcursion,  Mr.  Shakinsslost  no  time  in  applying  to  them 
for  news.  The  pointers  who  liked  this  sort  of  familiarity  verr 
well  gave  poor  Shakings  all  possible  encouragement.  Not  so  with 
their  masters;  they  could  not  bear  to  see  an  abominable  cur,  as 
they  called  our  favorite,  at  once  so  cursedly  dirty  and  so  utterly 
ttseless,  mixing  with  their  sleek  and  well*Md  animals.  AX  first 
their  dislike  was  confined  to  such  insulting  expressions  as  these; 
then  it  came  to  an  occasional  kick  or  knock  on  the  nose  with  the 
hut^nd  of  a  fowling-piece;  and  lastly,  to  a  sound  cut  with  the 
hunting  whip. 

Shakiiws,  who  instinctively  knew  his  place,  took  all  this,  like  a 
••IMible  rallow,  in  good  part;  while  the  mids,  iriiea  out  of  hesring 
dT  the  higher  powers,  uttered  curses  both  loud  and  deep  against 
the  tyranny  and  oppression  exercised  against  an  animal  which, 
W  their  fond  fancy  was  declared  to  be  worth  all  the  d<Ms  in  the 
ward  room  put  together.  They  were  little  prepared,  however, 
for  the  stroke  which  soon  fell  upon  them,  perhaps,  in  consequence 
of  these  murmurs.  To  their  great  horror  and  indignation,  one  of 
Uie  lieutenants,  provoked  at  some  liberty  which  Master  Shakings 
had  taken  with  his  new  polished  boots,  called  out  one  Morning,— 

"  Man  the  jolly-boat,  and  land  that  infernal,  dirty,  ugly,  beast 
of  a  dog,  belonging  to  the  young  gentlemen!" 

"  Where  shdl  f  take  him  to,  sir?"  asked  the  strokesnan  of  the 
boat. 

"Oh,  any  where;  puU  to  the  nearert  part  of  the  shore,  and 
Mteh  him  on  the  rocks.  Hell  shift  for  himself,  I  have  no  doubt. " 
'  Bo  off*  went  poor  dear  Shakings' 


^sssm^mamm 


imiHinuii's  rBAinca. 


indlMbitoorthe 


had  no  doubts 

n  board,  Uujugh 

confidence  on 

ded  to  call  him 

lings  ia  a  name 

enu  of  eordaf^e, 

of  refuse  arising 

namd  was  per- 

isequence  of  his 

ed  Russia  hemp; 

a  dab  of  pitch, 

tween  the  planks 

was  at  least,  the 
dearly  loved  the 
return,  he  had 
e  a  higher  pleas- 
len  the  high  bred, 
on  botird,  after  a 
appl^^ing  to  them 
f  familiarity  verr 
ent.  Mot  so  with 
lominable  cur,  as 
rtyand  so  utterly 
inimals.  At  first 
ressions  as  these; 
the  nose  with  the 
>und  cut  with  the 

sok  all  this,  like  a 
lenout  of  hearing 
and  deep  against 
an  animal  which, 
II  the  doss  in  the 
spared,  however, 
ps,  in  consequence 
idiffnation,  one  of 
I  Blaster  Shakings 
It  one  ttoming,—- 

^^7>  ««iy>  !>«■>< 

strokesnan  of  the 

of  the  shore,  and 
Ihavenodoabt." 


If  a  stranger  had  come  into  the  midshipmen's  birth  at  i 
lent,  he  might  have  thought  His  Majesty's  navai  service  was 


that  mo- 
ment, he  might  have  thought 

about  to  be  broken  up.  All  allegiance,  discipline,  or  subordi- 
nation, seemed  utterly  cancelled  by  this  horrible  act.  Many  were 
the  execrations  hurled  upwards  at  the  ofiending  "knobs,  who, 
we  thought  were  combining  to  make  our  lives  miserable.  Some 
of  our  party  voted  for  writing  a  letter  of  remonstrance  to  the  Ad  • 
miral  against  this  unheard  of  ootraee;  and  one  youth  swore  deeply 
that  he  would  leave  the  service  unless  justice  was  obtained.  But 
as  be  had  been  known  to  swear  the  same  thing  half  a  dozen  times 
every  day  since  he  had  joined  the  ship,  nO  great  notice  was  taken 
of  his  pledge.  Another  declared  upon  his  word  of  honor,  that 
such  an  act  was  enough  to  make  a  man  turn  Turk,  and  fly  bis 
country!  At  last,  by  general  agreement,  it  was  decided  that  we 
should  not  do  a  bit  of  duty,  or  even  stir  from  our  seats,  till  we 
obtained  redress  for  our  grievances.  However,  while  we  were  in 
the  act  of  vowing  mutiny  and  disobedience,  the  hands  were  turned 
up  to  "  furl  sails!"  upon  which  the  whole  party,  totally  forjjetting 
their  magnanimous  resolution,  scudded  up  the  ladders,  and  ramped 
into  their  stations  with  more  than  usual  alacrity,  wisely  thinking, 
that  the  moment  of  actual  revolt  had  not  yet  arrived. 

A  better  scheme  than  throwing  up  the  service,  or  writing  to  the 
Admiral,  or  turning  Mussulmen,  was  afterwards  concocted.  The 
midshipmen  who  went  on  shore  in  the  next  boat  easily  got  hold  of 

Cor  Shakings  who  v>  •is  howling  on  the  steps  of  the  watering  place, 
order  to  conceal  hitu,  he  was  stufied,  neck  and  crop,  into  the 
captain's  clothes-bag,  brought  safely  on  board,  and  restored  onea 
more  to  the  bosom  of  his  friends. 

In  spite  of  all  we  could  do,  however,  to  keep  Master  Shakings 
below,  he  presently  found  his  way  to  the  quarter-deck,  to  receivs 
'the  concratulations  of  the  other  dogs.  There  he  was  soon  detect- 
ed by  the  higher  powers,  and  very  shortly  afterwards  trundled 
over  the  gangway  and  again  toased  on  tne  beach.  Upon  this 
occasion  he  was  honored  with  the  presence  of  one  of  nis  own 
masters,  a  middy,  who  was  specially  desired  to  land  th»  brute, 
and  not  bring  him  on  board  again.  Of  course  this  particular 
youngster  dia  not  bring  the  dog  off;  but,  before  nisht,  somdiow 
or  other,  old  Shakings  was  snoring  away,  in  grand  chorus  with 
his  more  fashionable  fnends,  the  pointers,  and  dreaminc  no  evil, 
before  the  door  of  the  very  officer's  cabin  whose  beaittifiu  polished 
boots  he  had  brushed  so  rudely  in  the  morning, — an  ofience  which 
had  led  to  his  banidhment.  ^^ 

This  second  return  of  our  dog  was  too  much.  The  whole  posse 
of  OS  were  sent  for  on  the  quarter-deck,  and  in  very  distinct  terms 
ordered  not  to  bring  Shakings  on  board  again.  These  imuao- 
tions  haviiu;  been  given,  this  wretched  victim,  as  we  termed  him,- 
of  oppresawn,  was  once  more  landed  amongst  the  cedar  grovac 
Thu  time  he  remained  fhll  a  week  on  riiore:  but  how  or  wlira  h« 

18 


KM 


MnWiKrilAK's  tfUMffB. 


flTer  f<t»aiid  bia  wajr  off  agun,  no  one  erer  knew; 
choM  to  diverge.    ■"— -^        ^\.—  --_!.i-'-_  i^t- 


rajr  off  agun,  no  one  erer  knew;  at  leaM  no  one 
_.  I*7«v«^  was  there  anything  like  t^e 'Mutual  |iv 
felt  by.  Shakings  and  his  two  dozen  masters.  He  careered  abow 
the  snip,  barked  and  gelled  with  delight,  and,  in  his  rapture|, 
aetuatlj  leaped,  with  bw  dirty  &«t  on  the  inilk-white  duck  trouserk 
of  the  disgusted  officers,  who  heartily  wished  him  at  the  bottom 
of  the  aa<»oraj|eI  .  Thiu  the  poor  beast  unwittingly  contributed 
to  accelerate  bis  hapless  Aite,  by  this  Hl^imed  show  of  confidence 
in  those  who  were  then  plotting  his  ruin.  If  he  had  kept  his . 
paW«  to  himself,  and  staid  quietly  in  the  dark  recesses  of  1h$ 
cock-pit,  wings,  cableHiers  and  other  wild  regions,  the  secrets  of 
wUeh  were  known  only  to  the  inhabitants  of  our  sub-marine  worl^ , 
aUmight  jet  have  been  well. 

We  had  a  grand  jollification  on  the  night  of  Shakings  resto- 
ration; and  h£  health  was  in  the  very  act  of  beio^  drunk,  with 
three  times  three,  when  the  officer  of  the  watch,  hearing  an  uproar 
below,  the  sounda  of  which  were  distinctly  conveyed  up  the  wind- 
sail,  sent  down  to  put  our  lishts  out,  and  we  were  forced  to  march 
ofiT  growling  to  our  hammocks. 

iMext  day  to  our  surprise  and  horror,  old  Shakings  was  nowhere 
to  be  seen- or  heard  of.  We'  searched  every  fvbere,  interrogated 
the  cockswains  of  all  the  boats,  and  crossquestioned  the  marmes, 
who  had  been  sentries  during  the  night  on  the  forecastle  gansways 
and  poop,  but  all  in  vain! — no  traces  of  Shakings  could  be  Sound. 

At  length  the  opinion  began  to  ga|a  ground  amongst  us, 
the  poor  beast  had  been  put  to  math  by  some  diabolical 
and  our  ire  mounted  accordingly.  This  suspicion  seemed 
the  more  natural,  as  the  officers  said  not  a  word  about  the  matter, 
nor  even  asked  us  what  we  hod  done  with  our  dog.  While  we 
were  in  this  state  of  excitement  and  distraction  for  our  loss,  one 
of  the  midshipmen,  wh->  had  some  droUerv  in  his  compositi<^, 
gavi)  a  new  turn  for  the  expression  of  our  thoughts. 
'  This  geittleman,  who  was  more  than  twice  as  old  as  most  of  us, 
say  aboat  thirty,  had. won  the  affections  of  all  our  class,  by  this 
gentleness  of  his  manners,  and  the  generous  part  he  always  took 
ea  ovtt  side.  He  bore  among  us  the  pet  name  of  Daddy;  and 
certainly  he  was  like  a  father  to  thdse  amongst  us  who,  like  my- 
self,  were  quite  adrift^  in  the  iriiip  without  any  one  to  look  after 
them.  He  was  a  man  of  talents^ and  classical  education,  but  he 
had  entered  the  navy  &r  toe  late  in  life  ever  to  take  to  it  cordially. 
H^  habits,  indeed,  had  become  so  rigid,  that  thfy  could  never 
be  made  to  bend  to  the  mmjdfying  kino  of  discipline,  which  it  a[p- 
pears  every  officer  shouldHb  through,  but  which  only  the  young 
and  light'^earted  can  brook.  Our  worthy  friend,  accoraingly^ 
with  m  his  abilities,  tastes,  and  acquirements,  niver  seemed  At 
home  on  board  the  ship,  and  unless  a  man  can  rencli  this  point  6t 
likiiw  Ibr  the  sea,  he  is  better  on  the  shore.  Mii&  events  op 
SMJy  eared  ii|om  ab^i  his  bo«4lts  than  abou^  bMMi>  lUk^^ifitl^ 


that 


I'laBUBn.TJiiteM*^ 


---'^My 


leut  no  OM 
t^e'#utdal|ify 
Icareered  abow 
his  raptares, 
duck  trouMit 
at  the  bottom 
(ly  contributed 
r  of  confidence 
le  had  kept  his , 
Ireeeuea  at  ih$ 
\,  the  secrete  of 
b-marine  world, 

Shakings  reBto> 
line  drunk,  with 
eanng  an  uproar 
^ed  up  the  wind- 
forced  to  march 

igswas  nowhere 
ere,  interrogated 
med  the  marines, 
Bcastle  gangways 
s  could  be  round, 
md  amonast  us, 
f  some  diabolical 
>  suspicion  seemed 
about  the  matter, 
dog.  While  we 
I  for  our  loss,  one 
his  composition, 
[hts. 

old  as  most  of  us, 

our  class,  by  the 

art  he  always  toolc 

le  of  Daddy;  and 

I  us  who,  like  my- 

one  to  look  after 

^ucation,  but  he 

take  to  it  cordially. 

thf  y  could  never 

pline,  which  k  v^ 

ich  only  the  young 

iend,  accordingly^ 

I,  niver  seemed  to. 

reach  this  pout  <6f 

iyk  aU  events  old 

ilo^,an4d^%{}»f 


MnMnnMaV  fUMKi. 


9BK, 


ad  nora  in  giving  ua  aaiiatanee  in  oar  Utamry  pqr«aits,  aw}  trytng 
to  ttffioh  uM  to  be  naefhl,  than  in  rendering  hunaelf  a  proneient  in 
those  profiMMiooal  mysteries,  which  he  never  hoped  to  practise  ia 
earnest  bimaelf. 

What  this  very  interesting  person's  early  history  was,  we  ooold 
never  find  out;  nor  why  he  entered  the  navy;  nor  how  it  came, 
that  a  man  of  hia- powers  and  aeeomplishments  shoold  have  been 
k^pt  back  so  long.  Indeed  the  yoangsters  never  inquired  into 
these  matters,  being  quite  etmtented  to  have  the  advantage  of  hia 

Erotection  against  the  oppression  of  the  oldster^,  iriio  oeeaaionally 
ullied  them.  Upon  all  occasions  of  diAcnl^,  we  were  in  the 
habit  of  clustering  around  him,  to  tell  our  grievances,  great  and 
small,  with  the  certainty  of  always  finding  in  him  that  great  deoC- 
deratum  in  calamity — a  patient  and  firieodly  listener. 

It  will  easily  be  supposed,  that  our  kind  Daddy  took  more  than 
usual  interest  in  the  afiair  of  Shakings,  and  that  he  was  applied 
to  by  us  at  every  stave  of  the  transaction.  He  was  sadly  pernio* 
ed,  of  course,  when  the  don  was  finally  missing ;  and  fi>r  some  oayi, 
he  could  give  us  no  oomrort,  nor  sug^-est  any  mode  of  revenge 
which  was  not  too  dangerous  for  his  young  friends  to  put  mto 
practice.  He  prudently  observed,  that  as  we  had  no  certainty  to 
go  opon,  it  would  be  foolish  to  get  ourselves  into  any  serious 
scrape  for  nothing  at  all. 

"There  can  be  no  harm,  however,"  he  continued  in  his  dry  and 
slightly  sarcastic  way,  which  all  who  knew  him  will  recollect,  as 
well  as  if  they  saw  him  now,  drawing  his  hand  slowly  across  his 
chin,  "  lliere  can  be  no  harm  my  hw»,  in  putting  the  other  do||a 
in  moumins  for  their  departed  mend  Shakings;  for  whatever  is 
become  of  bun,  he  is  lost  to  them,  as  well  as  to  us,  and  his  memaiy 
oosht  to  be  duly  respected." 

This  hint  was  no  sooner  given  than  a  cry  was  raiaed  for  crape, 
and  every  chest  and  bag  ransacked,  to  procure  badges  of  moara- 
iiig.  The  pMBters  were  speedily  rigged  up  with  a  banch  of  crape 
tiM  ia  a  handsome  bow,  upon  the  left  leg  just  above  the  knee. 
The  ioke  took  immediately.  The  oficevs  ooaM  not  help  laud- 
ing; M>r,  thourii  we  considered  them  little  better  than  fiends,  at 
thik  mnaMBl  or  Moitement,  they  were  in  foot,  except  in  this  in- 
•taaee,  the  best  hatured  aad  most  iodulgeat  mf  n  I  nimember  to 
have  sailed  with.  llAy  of  ooorse  ordered  the  crape  to  be  instant' 
ly  Uktn  ofi*  firom  the  dogs'  legs:  aad  one  of  the  officers  remarked 
to  us  seriously,  that  as  we  had  now  had  our  piece  of  fun  out,  there 
were  to  be  no  more  such  tricks. 

Off  we  scampered  to  eonsok  old  Daddy  what  was  to  be  done 
neit,  as  we  had  been  positively  ovdered  not  to  meddle  any  more 
mdk  the  dogs. 

"  Put  the  pigs  in  monming,"  he  said. 

All  our  crape  was  expended  by  this  time,  hat  this  want  waa 
so«a  sapipiied  by  men  friMtse  trade  it  was  to  diseover  resoareea 


MiMHknuH't  nuam. 

in  difficahj.  With  a  generous  spirit  of  devotion  to  the  eaiiee  of 
public  spirit  one  of  these  juvenile  mutineers  pulled  off  his  black 
neck-handkerchief,  and,  tearing  it  in  pieces,  gave  a  portion  to  each 
of  the  circle  and  away  we  ail  started  to  put  into  practice  this  new 
susir0*tion  of  our  director-general  of  mischief 

The  row  which  ensued  in  the  pig-sty  was  prodigious — fbr  in 
those  days,  hogs  were  allowed  a  plaM  on  boanl  a  man-of-war,— 
a  custom  wisefy  abolished  of  late  yev*>  since  nothing  can  be 
mce  out  of  character  with  any  ship  than  such  nuisances.  As  these 
matters  of  taste  and  cleanliness  were  nothing  to  us,  we  did  not 
intermit  our  noisy  labor  till  every  one  of  the  grunters  had  his  ann- 
let  of  such  crape  as  we  had  been  able  to  muster.  We  then  watch* 
ed  our  opportunity  and  opened  the  door  so  as  to  let  out  the  whole 
herd  of  swine  on  the  main  deck  just  at  a  moment  when  a  group  of 
officers  were  standing  on  the  fore  part  of  the  quarter  deck.  Of 
course  the  liberated  pigs  delighted  with  their  freedom,  passed  in 
review  under  (he  yety  noses  of  our  superiors,  each  with  his  mourn- 
ing knot  displayed,  grunting  or  squealing  along,  as  if  it  was  their 
express  object  to  attract  attention  to  their  domestic  sorrow  for  the 
loss  of  Shakinss.  The  officers  were  excessively  provoked,  as 
they  could  not  help  seeing  all  this  was  affording  entertainment,  at 
their  expense,  to  the  whole  crew;  for  though  the  men  totk  no 
part  in  this  piece  of  insubordination,  they  were  ready  enough,  in 
those  tiqies  of  the  weary,  weary  peace,  to  catch  at  any  species  of 
distraction  or  devilry^  no  matter  what,  to  compensate  for  the  loss 
of  pommeling  their  enemies. 

The  matter,  therefore,  necessarily  became  rather  serioos;  and 
the  whole  gang  of  us  being  sent  for  on  the  ouarter  deck,  wn  were 
ranged  in  a  line,  each  with  his  toes  at  the  edge  of  a  nlank  aeeord- 
inc  to  the  oithodox  fashion  of  these  gragrarious  sooloings',  toehni- 
(^ly  called  *  toe-the-line  matches.'  We  war*  given  to  under- 
stand that  our  proceedings  were  impertinent,  and  after  the  orders 
we  had  received,  highly  offensive.  It  was  with  much  difficukr 
that  either  party  coald  keep  their  countenances  during  this  om- 
eial  lecture,  for  while  it  was  going  on,  the  sailors  were  endeav- 
oring by  the  direction  of  the  officers,  to  remove  the  hits  o£  silk 
from  the  legs  of  the  pigs.  If  however  it  be  difficult— ae  most 
difficult  we  found  it — to  put  a  hog  in«Muming,  it  is  a  job  ten  times 
more  troublesome  to  take  him  out  again.  Such  at  least  is  the  ikir 
infeience  from  these  two  experiments;  the  only  ones,  perhaps,  on 
record, — for  it  cost  half  the  morning  to  undo  what  we  had  done 
in  less  than  an  hour;  to  say  nothing  of  the  unceasing  and  out- 
rageous uproar  which  took  place  along  the  decks,  eqweially  un- 
der the  guns,  and  even  under  the  coppers  forward  in  the  galley, 
where  two  or  three  of  the  youngest  pigs  had  wedged  themselves, 
apparently  resolved  to  die  rather  than  submit  to  the  degradation 
•f  beinc  deprived  of  their  mourning. 

All  tbi|  was  very  creditable  to  the  memory  of  poor  Shakings 


T 


tiW<MW»»MWi'viilMfttll<illiliiiillii 


m 


J  to  the  eavM  of 

lied  off  Lie  black 

I  •  portion  to  each 

Iprectiee  thii  new 

odigioue — for  in 
a  man-of-war,<— 
nothing  can  be 
ances.   As  these 
us,  we  did  not 
nters  hadhisatin- 
We  then  wateb- 
let  out  the  whole 
;  when  a  group  of 
uarter  deck.     Of 
reedom,  passed  in 
eh  with  his  mourn- 
as  if  it  was  their 
iitie  sorrow  for  the 
vely  proToked,  as 
( entertainment,  at 
the  men  todi  no 
B  ready  enough,  in 
h  at  tmy  species  of 
»ensate  for  the  loss 

ather  serious;  and 
rter  deek,  we  were 

of  a|^aidi  aeeord- 

sooloinga',  teehni- 
r*  given  to  under* 
ind  after  the  orders 
ith  much  diflfeuUr 
see  during  this  oft- 
ilors  were  eirfeav- 
>Te  the  bito  of  silk 

difficult— as  most 
itis  a  job  ton  times 
h  at  least  is  the  foir 
J  ones,  perbape,  on 

what  we  bap  dene 
unceasing  aadout- 
eks,  eq>ecially  un- 
ward  in  the  gallejr, 
redged  themselves, 

to  the  degradation 

'  of  poor  Shakings 


MIBtnnCAIl's  FBAinCI. 


but,  in  the  course  of  the  day  the  real  secret  of  this  eitraordinarjr 
difficulty  of  taking  a  pis  out  of  mourning  was  discovered.  Two  of 
the  mids  were  detected  in  the  very  act  of  tying  a  bit  of  black  bun- 
tin  to  the  leg  of  a  sow,  from  which  the  seamen  declared  they  had 
already  cut  off  crape  and  silk  enough  to  have  made  her  a  com|riete 
suit  of  black. 

As  soon  as  these  new  offences  were  reported,  the  whole  party 
of  us  were  ordered  to  the  mast-head  as  a  punishment.  Some  were 
sent  to  sit  on  topmast  cross-trees,  and  some  on  the  top-gallant  yard> 
arms,  and  one  small  gentleman  being  perched  at  the  jib-boom  end, 
was  very  properly  balanced  abaft  b^  another  little  culprit  at  the 
extremity  of  the  gaff.  In  this  predicament  we  were  hung  out  to 
dry  for  five  or  six  hours,  as  old  Daddy  remarked  to  us  with  agria, 
when  we  were  called  down  as  the  night  fell. 

Our  persevering  friend,  being  rather  provoked  at  the  punish" 
ment  of  his  young  flock,  now  set  to  work  to  discover  the  real  ftte 
of  Shakings.  It  soon  occurred  to  him,  that  if  the  dog  had  really 
been  made  away  with,  as  he  shrewdly  suspected,  the  butcher,  in 
all  probability  must  have  had  a  hand  m  the  murder;  accordingly, 
he  sent  for  him  in  the  evening,  when  the  following  dialogue  took 
place: — 

"  Well,  butcher,  will  you  have  a  glass  of  grog  to-night?  " 

"  Thank  you,  sir,  thank  ^ou.  Here  's  yom  honor's  health!  " 
said  the  other,  after  smoothing  down  his  hair,  and  pulling  an  inn 
mense  quid  of  tobacco  out  of  his  mouth. 

Old  Daddy  observed  the  peculiar  relish  with  which  the  botcher 
took  his  glass,  and  mixing  another,  a  good  deal  more  potent, 
placed  it  before  the  fellow,  and  continued  the  conversation  in  these 
words: 

"  I  tell  you  what  it  is  Mr.  Buteher— yon  are  as  humane  as  any 
man  in  the  ship,  I  dare  sat;  but,  if  required,  you  know  well,  tha^ 
you  must  do  your  duty,  whether  it  is  os  eLeep  or  hogs?" 

"  Surely  sir." 

"  Or  upon  dogs  either?"  suddenly  inquired  the  inquisitor. 

"  I  don't  know  about  that,"  stamoiered  the  butcher,  qnito  taken 
by  surprise  and  thrown  all  aback. 

"  Well,  well,"  said  Daddy,  "  here's  another  glass  for  yon— a 
stilT  north-wester.  Come!  tell  us  all  about  it  now.  How  did 
you  get  rid  of  the  dog? — of  Shakings,  I  mean?  " 

"  Vf  by,  sir,"  said  the  peaching  rogue,  "  I  put  him  in  a  bag— 
a  bread  bag,  sir." 

"Well!— what  then?" 

"  I  tied  up  the  mouth,  and  put  him  overboard— out  of  the  mid- 
ship  lower-aeck  port,  sir." 

"  Tes— but  he  would  not  sink?"  said  Daddy. 

"  Oh,  sir,"  cried  the  butcher,  now  entering  into  the  mereileaa 
spirit  of  his  trade,  "  I  put  a  four  and  twenty  pound  shot  into  tlw 
b«f  idong  with  Oiakings." 

18» 


1 


tio 


MiB^ipi^jiyrmiipp. 


"  IMdi70i)?— Th«n«  M^ef  Butcher,  all  I  ean  mt  is,  70a  an 
M  preoious  a  rued  m  erer  went  aboat  unhanged.  There— drink 
your  grog,  and  be  off  with  you!" 

Next  moming  when  the  offieera  were  aaaembled  at  breakfhat  in 
the  ward  room,  the  door  of  the  captain  of  marines' cabin  wasind- 
denlT  opened  and  that  officer  half  ahaTed,  and  laughing,  thro^h 
a  collar  of  aoap  audi,  atalked  out,  with  a  paper  in  hi*  hand*. 

M  Bare,"  he  exclaimed,  "  ia  a  copy  of  verses  which  I  found  in 
ray  baaia  this  morning.  I  cant  tell  how  they  got  there  or  what 
thoT  ar4i  about ; — but  you  shall  judge. " 

8»  he  read  the  two  Ibllowing  stanxas  of  doggerel:— 


-  WkM  Ik*  MatikMB  OmMmmt  I 
AjUmim4AWom'» LiMyMUaiiii  to Oatp, 


••■MMVkll 

AM  in  mMw  Mnrlw  M  U^  M  • 

Pm  HiUaa  aad  Shot  an  Uu«ini«r«feou4 


I  need  hardly  aay  in  what  quarter  of  the  ship  this  biting  morsel  of 
coek-pit  aatire  waa  concocted,  nor  indeed  who  wrote  it,  for  there 
was  DO  one  but  our  good  Daddy  who  was  equal  to  such  a  flight. 
About  midniffbt,  an  urchin — who  shall  be  nameless — was  thrufjt 
out  ef  one  of  the  after  ports  of  the  lower  deck,  from  which  h^ 
elaartered  up  to  the  marme  officer's  port,  and  the  saah  happening 
to  haTO  been  lowered  down  on  the  gun,  the  epigram,  copied  hj 
another  of  the  youngsters  was  pitched  into  the  soldier's  basin. 

^M  wisest  thing  would  have  been  for  the  officer's  to  have  aaid 
nothW  about  the  matter,  and  let  it  blow  bv.  But  angry  people 
are  seldom  judicious — so  they  made  a  formal  complaint  to  the  can-^ 
tain,  who,  to  dp  him  justice,  was  note  little  puzzled  how  to  setoib 
the  aflUr.  The  reputed  anther  was  called  up,  and  the  captain 
aaid  to  him— 

"  Pray,  sir,  are  yon  the  writer  of  these  lines?" 

"  I  am  titt"  he  replied^  after  a  little  consideration. 

"  Xhm  all  I  ean  say  is,"  remarked  the  captain,  "  they  are  ele?«r 
enough,  in  their  way-— but  take  my  advke,  and  write  no  more 
sueh  Verses." 

So  the  affair  ended.  The  satirist  took  the  captain'a  bint  in  good 
part,  and  confined  his  pen  to  mattera  below  the  surftee  of  the 
water. 

A*  in  the  course  of  a  fow  months  the  war  broke  qut,  there  was 
ao  longer  time  for  such  nonseosn,  and  our  generous  protector,  old 
Dtddy,  some  time  after  the  aflUr  of  takings  took  place,  was 
eeot  off  to  Halifax,  in  charge  of  a  prize.  His  orders  were  if  possi- 
Ue  to  join  his  own  ship,  the  Leander,  then  lying  at  the  entrance 
^^fgwT^iatk  harbor,  juat  wiuin  Sandy  Ho<«  bgbl-botise. 

fM  old  ftieiid,  seeordiogly,  having  competed  his  miaaion 
Iverad  his  priM  to  the  authoritiea  orHalUM>  t^k  hjlj|pa^ 


9SS»9\."' 


T||i,i!mm.or 


til. 


Thf 


lero— drink 


mt  breakfttt  in 
cabin  wu  svd- 

hing,  tliro^h 

ti*  handa. 
hich  I  found  in 
t  tiMre  or  what 


1:— 


biting  morael  of 
rote  It,  for  there 
to  such  a  flight 
iM — ^was  thru«t 
from  wliich  h9 
sash  happening 
{ram,  copied  bj 
I  soldier's  basin, 
ser's  to  have  said 
Qut  angry  people 
iplainttothecaihi 
ded  how  to  settle 
and  the  captun 


ition. 

,"  they  are  cleTMT 

id  write  no  more 

tain'ahintinffood 
he  surfiiee  of  the 

>l(e  Qot,  there  was 
roue  protector,  old 
■  took  place,  was 
derswereifpoaai- 
ig  at  the  entrance 

spleted  his  miaaion 
Itihs,  tiWk  W|»  pi^ 


sage  in  the  British  packet  sailing  from  iMace  to  thepeit  in  wUek 
we  lay.  As  this  ship  sailed  past  us,  on  her  way  to  Ifew  York,  we 
ascertained,  to  our  great  joy,  that  our  excellent  Daddy  was  acto- 
sliy  onboard  of  her.  Some  hours  afterwards  the  pilot  boat  wa* 
seen  coming  to  us,  and  thpugh  it  was  iii  the  middle  u(  the  night, 
all  the  young  mids  came  hastily  on  deck  to  welcome  their  worthy 
messmate  back  again  to  his  ship. 

It  was  late  in  October,  and  the  wind  blew  fresh  from  the  norlh- 
weatward,  so  that  the  ship,  riding  to  the  ebb,  had  her  head  directs 
ed  towards  the  Narrows,  between  Staten  island  and  Lons  island; 
consequently  the  pilot-boat,— one  of  those  beautifkl  ▼eaeeb  so  well 
known  to  every  visiter  of  the  American  coast,— eamis  flying  down 

Xn  us,  with  the  wind  nearly  risht  aA.  Our  joyona  party  were 
issembled  on  the  quarter-deck,  looking  anxiously  at  the  boat 
as  she  swept  past  us.  She  then  luflbd  round,  in  order  t»  sheer 
alongside,  at  which  moment  the  mainsail  jibed,  aa  was  to  be  ex- 
pected. It  was  obvious,  however,  tliat  something  more  had  taken 
place  than  the  pilot  had  looked  for,  Biii|C«  ue  b^at,  instead  of  ran^ 
lag  up  to  us,  was  brought  right  round  on  her  heel,  and  went  on 
again  upon  a  wind  on  the  other  tack.  The  tide  caTrieSd  her  out  of 
sight  for  a  few  minutes,  but  she  was  soon  alpn^aide,  when  we 
learned,  to  our  inexpressible  grieif  and  consternation,  that,  on  the 
main-boom  of  the  pilot-boat  swinging  over,  it  had.  ascidentallr 
struck  our  poor  friend  and  pitched  him' headlong  overboard. 
Being  encumbered  with  a  great  coat,  the  pockets  of  which,  aa  we 
afterwards  learned,  were  loaded  with  his  young  companions'  let* 
ters,  brought  from  England  by  this  pocket,  be  in  ram  straggled 
to  reach  the  boat  and  then  sunk  to  rise  no  more. 


ST  naa.  nMASS. 

IImb  art  Boonaiag  oa,  thoa  ni|^  ssa, 

Wot4nT  aad'thsMkiw! 
Tha  taoiMiti'roeks  yet  ring  to  thse^ 

ynwM  Uinaden  iiui|^  eaa  tuM. 

Oh!  maov  s glm^oiH  votes  is  nuB, 

TmnrOyi  Hall  Irawen  oTewtt, 
Aa&kDshsd  is  mukj  a  lovely  tans 
:  pfjaewafliliiani  or  aiiilh. 

Tha  Dorian  flote  that  iiriMdoryoas 

j(Iei>|a^*iive,iaiai'r 
■aajhuft  or  JoMk-psda  no  aaofa 


<Wito 


tit  TBI  L0M  or  THB  TMmHtX. 

And  Mcmneii'i  lyM^uth  l«it  tha  ehoid 
That  bieatbed  the  myttis  tone, 

And  the  wnn,  at  Rocaa'a  hi^  tnonpha 
Are  with  Cer  eagles  flowa. 

And  mote  the  Mooriah  hora,  that  naf 
O  'er  atream  and  monntain  ftee, 

And  the  hymn  the  leagued  Cniaadan  «^, 
Hath  died  in  Galilee. 

Bnt  then  art  awellinf  on,  thoa  daap,  , 
Thran^  many  an  dden  clime, 

Thy  Ullowy  anthem,  ne'er  to  deep 
Until  the  eloae  of  time. 

Thoa  Uftest  np  thy  solemn  Toiee 

To  erery  wind  and  aky, 
Aqd  all  onr  earth's  green  shMtsa  njoiae 

In  that  one  harmony. 

It  fills  the  noontide's  eaim  profenad, 

The  conset's  heaven  of  gold ; 
And  the  still  midnight  hears  the  aoond, 
I  Ev'n  aa  when  first  it  rolled. 

J  Xjet  there  be  silence  deep  and  strange, 

f  Where  seeptered  eitiei  rose  ! 

t  nan  ^eak'stofone  who  doth  not 

80  may  oar  hearta  reposB. 


■.v« 


ACOOITNT  OF  THE  LOSS  OF  HIS  BIAJESIT'S  BHIf 

FH(ENIX. 

qgt  Ciiba,mtlu  Tuar  1780.    By  LkidtmiU  Jlrektr. 

The  Phaniz  of  44  auiu,  Captain  Sir  Hyde  Parkor,  was  kit 
IB  a  hutricane,  off  Cuba,  in  th|B  Watt  Indtas,  in  the  rear  ITSO 
The  aame  hurrieine  deatrojred  the  Thonderer,  74;  Sttriiog  Oi»- 
tie,  64;  La  Blanche,  4S;  Laitfel,  88;  AAdromeda,  M;  Daap 
Oaatle,  34;  Scarborough,  90;  BeaTor'a  Prise,  16;  Barbadoes,  14; 
Camelflon,  14;  Endeavour,  14;  andViotor.  lOgiina.  •  Lieutenant 
Archer  was  firat-iieutenant  of  the  Phowix  at  the  time  At  wa» 
hut.  His  narrative  in  a  letter  to  his  mother,  eontdos  a  most 
eorreet  and  animated  account  of  one  of  the  moit  awfbl  events  in 
the  service.  It  is  so  simple  and  natural  aa  to  make  the  reader 
feel  himself  as  on  board  the  Phcsnix.  Ef  erf  oirsamstaBoa  is 
detailed  with  feeling,  and  powerfid  appeak  are  eootianalljr  mad* 
to  the  heart.    It  must  likewise  afford  oeHUtofflM*  pleaaare  to 


!  ■!!-:" '  *'f ""»"-- "  Jituui.^-i-M.i-uaJLJW'iii*'" 


AJESTT'S  BHIf 


mma  Jtrdker. 

e  Pariier,  wm  kit 
I,  in  the  rev  1T80 
,  74;  Sciriiof  Om- 
'oneda,  98;  Deaii 
16;Berbedoes,14: 
guni.-  Lieutenut 
t  the  time  die  wn 
',  eontdni  •  moel 
cwt  ewftil  eTettti  io 
(o  make  the  reade? 
■7  oiraametaBoe  is 
I  eooAionalljr  made 
•rabto  pleaaare  to 


iTWBSPB^IB^" 


WHM  Met  9'  vu  nroirut. 


tit 


obeerre  the  devout  ffnrit  of  a  ■eanun  frequently  bunting  forth, 
and  imparting  lublimitj  to  the  relation. 


Mt  dear  Mother, 


.at  Sea,  Jmt  SO,  1781. 


I  am  now  ff  oing  to  give  you  an  account  of  our  last  cruise  in  the 
Phoenix ;  and  must  premise,  that  should  any  one  see  it  besides 
yourself,  they  must  |yit  this  construction  on  it — ^that  it  was  origi- 
nally intended  for  the  eyes  of  a  mother,  and  a  mother  only—as, 
upon  that  supposition,  my  feelings  may  be  tolerated.  You  will 
also  meet  with  a  number  of  sea  terms,  which,  if  you  dont  under- 
stand, why,  I  cannot  help  you,  as  I  am  unable  to  giye  a  sea 
description  in  any  other  words. 

To  begin  then: — On  the  3d  of  August,  1780,  we  weighed  abd 
sailed  for  Port  Royal,  bound  for  Pensacola,  having  two  store-ships 
under  convoy,  and  to  see  safe  in;  then  cruise  off  the  Havanna, 
and  in  the  gulf  of  Mexico,  for  six  weeks.  In  a  few  days  we  med? 
the  two  iiandy  islands,  that  look  as  if  they  had  just  risen  out  of  the 
sea,  or  fallen  from  the  sky;  inhabited,  nevertheless,  by  upw&rds 
of  three  hundred  Englbh,  who  get  their  bread  by  catching  turtle 
and  parrots,  and  raising  vegetables,  which  they  exchange  with 
shipe  that  pass,  for  clothing  and  a  few  of  the  luxuries  of  life,  as 
rum,  fc.c. 

About  the  13th  we  arrived  at  Pensacola,  without  any  thing 
remarkable  happening,  except  our  catching  avast  quantity  offish, 
sharks,  dolphins,  and  bonettos.  On  the  ISth  sailed  singly,  and 
on  the  14th  had  a  very  heavy  gale  of  wind  at  north,  right  off  the 
land,  so  that  we  soon  left  the  sweet  place,  Pensacola,  a  distance 
astern.  We  then  looked  into  the  Havanna,  saw  a  number  of 
ships  there,  and  knowing  that  some  of  them  were  bound  round 
the  bay,  we  cruised  inUie  track:  a  fortnight,  however,  passed, 
and  not  a  single  ship  hove  in  sight  to  cheer  our  spirits.  We  then 
took  a  turn  or  two  round  the  gulf,  but  not  near  enpugh  to  be  seen 
from  the  riiore.  Vera  Cruz  we  axpected  would  have  made  us 
b^ppy.  but.the  same  luek  still  continued;  day  followed  day,  and 
M  sail.  The  dollar  bag  began  to  grow  a  little  bulky,  for  every 
one  had  lo^  two  or  three  times,  and  no  one  had  won:  this  was  a 
puMdl  gambling  party  entered  into  by  Sir  Hyde  and  ourselves; 
evenr  one  put  a  doluur  into  a  bag,  and  fixed  on  a  day  idien  we 
should  see  a  sail;  but  no  two  persons  were  to  name  thi  same  day, 
and  whoever  guessed  right  mt  was  to  have  the  bag. 

Being  now  tired  of  our  situation,  and  glad  the  cmise  was 
almost  out,  for  w  found  the  navigation  very  dangerous,  owing  to 
noaeeooiitable  currents;  we  shaped  our  course  for  Cape  Antonio. 
!!%•  uKft  day  the  man  at  the  mast  head,  at  about  one  o'clock  in 

J  a  afbraooa,  called  out:  "  A  sail  upon  the  weather  bowl    Hal 
:4!  Hr.  Spiiaiwd,  I  think  w«  hava  you  at  last.    Turn  oot  all 


^4 


fat  'ifMi  'tfv  ^Mk  '^amitx 


ikaii»l  indreMUl  AU huM^Te einie!"  Urare^ 
»Bj  occamon  for  this  order,  for  the^toond  of  a  snl  being  in  liglrt 
flew  like  wild  fire  through  the  ehipj  and  every  muI  wh  set  in  an 
initant,  aliQoet  before  the  orders  were  given.  A  lieutenant  at  the 
meat  head,  with  a  nay  glass,  "  What  is  ahe?"  "  A  large  ahip 
studding  athwart  right  Mfore  the  wind.  P-o-r-t!  Keep  her  away! 
set  the  studding  sails  ready !"  Up  comes  the  little  doctor,  rubbing 
his  hands;  "  Ha!  ha!  I  have  won  the  bag."  "  The  devil  take 
you  and  the  bag;  look,  what's  ahead  i|ill  fill  all  our  bags." 
Masbhead  again:  "Two  more  sail  on  the  larboard  beam!" 
"  Arener,  go  up,  and  see  what  yon  can  make  of  them."  "  Upon 
deck  there;  I  see  a  whole  fleet  of  twenty  sail  coming  right  before 
Hie  wuid."  "  Confound  the  luck  of  it,  this  is  some  convoy  or 
other,  but  we  must  try  if  we  can  pick  some  of  them  out." 
"  Haul  down  the  studffing^ails!  Luff !  bring  her  to  the  wind* 
Let  us  see  what  we  can  make  of  them." 

About  five  we  got  pretty  near  them,  and  found  them  to  be  twen- 
tynrix  sail  of  Spanisn  merchantmen,  under  convoy  of  three  line 
of  battle  ships,  one  of  which  chased  us;  but  when  she  found  we 
were  playing  with  her  (for  the  old  I^osnix  had  heels)  she  left 
chase,  and  joined  the  convoy;  which  they  drew  up  into  a  lump, 
and  placed  themselves  at  the  outside;  but  we  still  kept  smelling 
abouttill  after  dark.  O,  for  the  Hector,  the  Albion,  and  a  firigate, 
and  we  should  take  the  whole  fleet  and  convey,  worth  some  mil- 
Uoos!  About  eight  o'clock  perceived  three  sail  at  some  distance 
ftom  the  fleet;  dashed  in  between  them,  and  gave  chase,  and 
were  happv  Co  find  they  idp^ed  from  the  fleet.  About  twelve 
eame  np  with  a  large  ship  of  twentysiz  guns.  "  Archer,  every 
nan  to  his  quartersj  run  the  lower  deck  guns  out,  and  light  the 
ship  up:  show  this  fellow  our  force;  it  may  prevent  his  firing  into 
m  UM  killing  a  man  or  two."  No  sooner  said  tiian  done. 
"  Boa,  die  pmp  ahoy,  lower  all  your  sails  down,  and  bring  to 
instantly,  or  I'll  sink  you."  Clatter,  clatter,  went  the  blocks, 
and  away  flew  all  their  sails  in  proper  confitsion.  "  What  ridp  is 
i^V*  "The  Polly."  "Whence  came  you?"  "FromJamai- 
0H."  "Whereare  you  bound?"  "ToWewYork."  "VflMt 
Mp  is  that?"  "llM  Phoenix."  Hussa,  three  times  by  the 
wliole  ship's  companv.  An  oM  gram  follow  of  jti  sailor  studiHg 
dose  by  me:  "  O,  d-^  your  three  cheers,  we  to<Ai  you  to,  be 
something  else."  Upon  examination  we  found  it  to  be  as  he  im- 
ported, and  that  thev  had  fldlen  in  with  the  Spanish  fleet  thlt 
■Mming,  and  were  chased  the  whole  dav,  «nd  that  nothing  saved 
ujmi  but  oar  stepping  in  between;  for  the  Spaniards,  tosic  as  for 
ti|||«f  etiBsorts.  and  the  Poifo  todc  the  Fbcsnix  for  a  C^panish 
ftj  tUl  we  beilod  them.  The  other  vessel  in  eompany  «iM 
bound  to  Nsw  York.  Thds  was  I,  flfom  being  wofdi 
liuili  in  idia ,  r^ihliM  to  tiie  dd  4s.  6d.  n  dny ifiin:  for  «• 
footer  nMM  thn  nwstpiiM  mdiMf  of  «ii  til  that  di^tbjr 


:if- 


i' 


mM 


iii 


i«re 

ril  b«uig  iniiglit 

•il  was  Mt  in  an 

lieutenant  at  the 

'*A  large  ship 

Keep  herawaj! 

«  doctor,  rdbbing 

'  The  devil  take 

1  all  our  baga." 

arboard  beam!" 

them."    "Upon 

>ming  right  betore 

I  aomo  eonvoj  or 

M  of  them  out." 

;  her  to  the  wind* 

dthemtobetwen- 
Dvoj  of  three  line 
rhen  the  found  we 
ad  heeli)  ahe  left 
w  up  into  a  lump, 
itill  kept  amelliiig 
»ion,  and  a  frigate, 
\  worth  some  mil- 
1  at  some  diatanee 
i  gave  chaae,  and 
let.  About  twelve 
"Archer,  everjr 
■  out,  and  light  the 
vent  his  firing  into 
r  laid  than  dona, 
own,  and  bring  to 
,  went  the  bloeks, 
»n.  "What dap ia 
"  "Fromlanwi- 
rYork."  "What 
hree  times  bj  the 
•f  ^  sailor  standing 
ire  todk  you  to,  be 
d  it  to  be  as  he  m- 
Spanish  fleet  that 
that  nothing  saved 
niards,  to«k  as  for 
tniz  for  a  l^panish 
b1  in  eompaoBf  imm 
flfom  being  woMh 
dav«g«in:  fortte 


'i^  £ols  Of  tim  '^btlz. 


W 


winning  the  baj|,  which  contained  between  thirty  and  forty  doUdb; 
but  this  is  nothing  to  what  we  sailors  sometimes  undergo. 

After  parting  company,  we  steered  south>«outli-east,  to  go 
round  Antonio,  and  so  to  Jamaica,  (our  cruise  being  out)  with  our 
fingers  in  our  mouths,  and  all  of  us  as  green  as  you  please,  h 
happened  to  be  my  middle  watch,  and  about  three  o'clock,  when  a 
man  upon  the  forecastle  bawls  out:  "  Breakers  ahead,  and  land 
upon  the  lee-bow;"  I  looked  out,  and  it  was  so  sure  enough. 
"Ready  about!  put  Ihe  helm  down!  Helm  a  lee!'.'  Sir  Ilyde 
bearing  me  put  tne  ship  about,  jumped  upon  deck.  "  Archer 
what 's  the  matter?  you  are  putting  the  ship  about  without  my 
orders!"  "  Sir,  'tis  time  to  go  about;  the  ship  is  almost  ashore, 
there 's  the  land."  "  Good  God  so  it  is!  Will  the  ship  stay?" 
"Yes,  Sir,  I  believe  she  will,  if  we  don't  make  any  confoaion; 
she  's  all  aback— forward  now?"  "  Well,"  says  he,  "  work  the 
ship,  I  will  not  speak  a  single  word."  The  ship  stayed  very  well. 
"Then,  heave  tne  lead!  see  what  water  we  have!"  "Three 
fathom."  "Keep  the  ship  away,  westH«>rth-west."— " By  the 
mark  three."  "This  won't  do.  Archer."  "  No,  sir,  we  had  bet- 
ter haul  more  to  thd  northward;  we  came  south-sonth-east,  and 
had  better  steer  north-north-west."  "Steady,  and  a  quarter 
three."  "  This  may  do,  as  we  deepen  a  little."  "  By  the  deep 
four."  "Very  well,  my  lad,  heave  quick."  "Five  fathom.'* 
"That's  a  fine  fellow!  another^ cast  nimbly."  "Quarter  leas 
eight."  "  That  will  do,  come,  we  shall  get  clear  by  and  by." 
"Mark  under  water  five."  "  What  'a  that?"  "  Qidj  five  foth- 
om,  Sir."  "  Turn  all  handa  up,  |j|Bg  the  ahip  to  an  anchor, 
boy!"  "Are  the  anchon  clear!"  "  In  a  moment.  Sir,"  "  All 
dear!"  "  What  water  have  you  in  the  chaina  now!"  "  Eight, 
half  nine."  "  Keep  fast  the  andiors  till  I  call  yon."  "  Ay> 
ay.  Sir,  all  Ast!"  .  "  I  have  no  ground  with  thu  Une."  "  How 
Bumy  lathoms  have  you  out?  pass  along  the  deep-sea  Itnal" 
"  Ay,  ay,  Sir."  "  Come  are  vou  all  ready  ?"  "  All  ready,  flir." 
"  Heave  away,  watch!  watch!  bear  awav,  veer  away,  no  croond, 
Sir,  with  a  hundred  fothom."  "Hiatus  clever,  come,  Midam 
Phttnix,  tfiere  k  another  squeak  in  you  yet— ^dl  down  bat  the 
wftch;  secure  the  anchors  again;  heave  the  inain4op-aail  to  the 
mast;  luff,  and  bring  her  to  tne  wind!" 

I  tdd  yoa,  Madam,  you  should  have  a  little  aea-jargon:  if  you 
con  understand  half  of  what  is  already  aaid,  I  wonder  aHt,  though 
it  is  nothing  to  what  is  to  come  yet,  when  the  old  hurrieano 
begina.  Aa  aeon  as  tht  ship  was  a  little  to  rights,  and  all  quiet 
again.  Sir  Hyde  came  to  me  in  the  most  firiendly  manner,  the 
taeti  nlniost  athrting  from  his  eye*—"  Archer,  we  ought  M,  to 
lie  flMch  obliged  to  you  for  the  safety  of  the  ahin,  and  pfifanpe 
„«(  oornalves.  I  aa  particularlv  so;  nothinc  but  nat  init^atane 
00  nioMo^  of  uiad  and  ctlipneaa  anvea  her:  another 
liBgtti  Wd  we  ahoold  have  been  fiMt  m  shore;  blUl  you  b« 


kW 


tie 


nn  uw«  or  mi  pb«wiz. 


l«Mt  diffident,  or  made  the  least  eonfuaion,  lo  aa  to  make  the 
ship  baulk  in  her  etayi,  the  must  have  been  in<ivitabljr  lost." 
"  Sir,  yon  are  very  good,  but  I  have  done  nothing  that  I  suppose 
any  body  else  would  not  have  done,  in  the  same  situation.  I  did 
not  turn  all  the  hands  up,  knowing  the  watch  able  to  work  the 
ship;  besides,  bad  it  spread  immediately  about  the  ship,  that  she 
was  almost  ashore,  it  might  have  created  a  confusion  that  was 
better  avoided."    "  Well,"  savs  he,  "  't  is  well  indeed." 

At  daylight  we  found  that  the  current  had  set  us  between  the 
Collarado  rocks  and  Cape  Antonio,  and  that  we  could  not  have 
got  out  any  other  way  than  we  did;  there  was  a  chanee,  but 
Providence  is  the  best  pilot.  We  had  sunset  that  day  twenty 
leagues  to  the  south-east  of  our  reckoning  by  the  current. 

After  getting  clear  of  this  scrape,  we  thought  ourselves  fortu- 
nate, and  made  sail  for  Jamaica,  but  misfortune  seemed  to  follow 
misfortune.  The  next  night,  my  watch  upon  deck  too,  we  were 
overtaken  by  a  squall,  like  a  hurricane  while  it  lasted;  for 
though  I  saw  it  coming,  and  prepared  for  it,  yet,  when  it  took  the 
ship,  it  roared,  and  laid  her  down  so,  that  I  thought  she  would 
never  get  up  again.  However,  by  keeping  her  away,  and  dewina 
up  every  thing,  she  righted.  The  remainder  of  the  night  we  had 
rery  heavy  squalls,  and  in  the  morning  found  the  mainmast  sprung 
half  the  way  through:  one  hundred  and  twenty-three  leagues  to 
the  leeward  of  Jamaica,  the  hurricane  months  coming  on,  the 
head  of  the  mainmast  almost  off,  and  at  short  allowance;  well,  we 
mhst  make  the  best  of  it.  The  mainmast  was  well  fished,  but 
'  we  were  oMiged  to  be  very  tender  of  carrying  sail. 

'Nothins  remarkable  happened  for  ten  day.'^  afterwards,  when 
we  chastid  a  Yankee  man  of  war  for  six  hours,  but  could  not  get 
Mar  enough  to  her  before  it  was  dark,  to  keep  sight  of  her;  so 
that  we  lost  her  because  unable  to  carry  any  sail  on  the  mainmast. 
In  about  twelve  days  more  made  the  island  of  Jamaica,  having 
weathered  all  the  squalls^  and  put  into  Montego  Bay  for  water; 
•0  that  ire  had  a  strong  party  for  kicking  upa  dust  on  shore, 
having  found  thream^  of  war  lying  there.  Dancing,  &c.  Ice. 
till  two  o'clock  aviif  momins;  little  thinking  what  was  to  happen 
in  four  days'  time?' for  out  ofme  four  men  of  war  that  were  there, 
not  oneiras  in  heing  at  the  end  of  that  time,,  and  not  a  soul  alive 
but  those  left  of  our  crew.  Many  of  the  houses,  where  we  had 
been  so.  fnerry,  were  so  completely  destroyed,  that  scarcely  a 
vestige  remained  to  mark  where  tney  stood.  Thy  works  are 
wonderful,  O  Ood!  praised  be  thy  holv  Name  I 

September  the  90th  weighed;  bound  for  Port  Reval,  round  the 
eastward  of  the  island;  the  Barbadoes  and  Victor  had  sailed  the 
day  before,  and  the  Scarborough  was  to  sail  the  next.  Moderate 
WMther  until  October  the  9d.  Spoke  to  the  Barbadoes  off  Port 
Antonio  in  the  evening.  At  eleven  at  night  it  liegan  to  s&uffie, 
wMi  •  monstroua  heavy  appearance  firom  the  eaatward.    Cl^ee 


(- 


Ea'a>;?^^®^!^*\  :••-- 


.  aa  to  make  the 
_  in^ivitably  lost." 
ling  that  I  auppose 
le  situation.     I  did 
able  to  work  the 
|t  the  ship,  that  she 
ionfuaion  that  waa 
A\  indeed." 
aet  us  between  the 
we  could  not  have 
waa  a  cbanee,  but 
let  that  day  tweptj 
the  current, 
ght  ourselves  fortu- 
ne seemed  to  follow 
I  deck  too,  we  were 
irhile  it  laated;    for 
et,  when  it  took  the 
thought  ahe  would 
er  away,  and  clewing 

Ir  of  the  night  we  had 
[the  mainmast  sprung 
mty-three  leaguea  to 
ntha  coming  on,  the 
rt  allowance;  well,  we 
:  waa  well  fished,  but 
ing  sail. 

lay?  afterwarda,  when 
ura,  but  could  not  get 
keep  sight  of  her;  so 
'  nail  on  the  mainmast, 
ad  of  Jamaica,  having 
mtegoBayfor  water; 
{  upa dust  on  shore, 
B.    Dancing,  Slc.  tic. 

Swhat  waa  to  happen 
war  that  were  there, 
e,,  and  not  a  soul  tlive 
houses,  where  we  had 
troyed,  that  acftreely  a 
tood.  Thy  worka  are 
ame!  ^  . 

Port  RoTsl.  round  the 
I  Victor  had  sailed  the 
lil  the  next.  Moderate 
the  Barbadoea  off  Port 
ght  it  liegui  to  sbuflle, 
rUM  Mitwurd.    OI9M 


|riiljTi.ir:jii.i]ilfilii-» 


i^s  9»  TM  nmrns. 


m» 


reefed  the  top-sails.  Sir  Hyde  sent  for  me:  "What  sort  of. 
weather  have  we,  Archer!"  "  It  blows  a  little,  and  has  a  V9ty. 
ugly  look:  if  in  any  other  quarter  but  this,  I  should  say  we  were 
ffoing  to  have  a  gale  of  wind."  "Ay,  it  looks '  so  vKryoftei^ 
here  whea  Ihere  is  no  wind  at  all;  however,  don't  hoist  the  top- 
sails till  it  dears  a  little,  there  is  no  trusting  any  country."  At 
twelve  I  1MS  relieved;  the  weather  had  the  same  rough  lookt 
however,  tti^y  made  sail  upon  her,  but  had  a  very  dirty  night.  At 
eight  in  the  morning  I  came  up  again,  found  it  blowing  hard  from 
the  east-north-east  with  close-reefed  top-sails  upon  the  ship,  and 
heavy  squalls  at  times.  Sir  Hyde  came  upon  deck:  "  Well, 
Archer,  what  do'you  think  of  it?"  "  O,  Sir,  't  is  only  a  touch  of 
the  times,  we  shall  have  an  observation  at  twelve  o'clock;  the 
clouds  are  beginning  to  break ;  it  will  cleur  up  at  noon,  or  else— > 
blow  very  hard  afterwards."  "  I  wish  it  would  clejir  up,  but  I 
doubt  it  much.  I  was  once  in  a  hurricane  in  the  East  Indies,  and 
the  beginning  of  it  had  much  the  same  appearance  as  this.  8a 
lake  in  the  top-sails,  we  have  plenty  of  sea-room." 

At  twelve,  the  gide  still  increasing,  wore  ship,  to  keep  as  near 
mid-channel,  between  Jamaica  and  Cuba,  as  possible;  at  one  the 

Sale  increasing  still;  at  two  harder  yot:  it  still  blows  harder! 
Leefed  the  courses,  and  furled  them;  brought  to  under  a  foul 
mizen  stay-sail,  himd  to  the  northward.  In  the  evening  no  sign 
of  the  weather  taking  off,  but  every  appearance  of  the  storm  in- 
creasing, prepared  for  a  proper  gale  of  wind;  secured  all  the  aaila 
with  apare  gaskets;  good  rolling  tackles  upon  the  yards;  squared 
the  booms;  saw  the  bOats  all  made  fast;  new  lashed  the  guna; 
double  breeched  the  lower  deckers;  saw  that  the  carpenters  bad 
the  tarpawlings  and  battens  all  ready  for  hatchways;  ^ot  the  top> 
gallant-mast  down  upon  the  deck;  jib-boom  and  sprit-sail-yard  for* 
and  aft;  in  fact  every  thing  we  could  think  of  to  make  a  aoug 
•hip.  , 

The  poor  devils  of  birds  now  began  to  find  the  uproar  in  tlM 
•lementa,  for  nqjnbera,  both  of  aea  and  land  kinds,  came  on  bo«Ml 
of  ufl.  I  took  notice  of  some,  which  happening  to  be  to  leeward, 
turned  to  windward,  like  a  ship,  tack  and  tack;  for  they  could  not 
fly  against  it.  When  they  came  over  the  ship  they  dashed  thein^ 
•eivos  down  upon  the  deck,  without  attempting  to  stir  till  pieked 
up,  wd  when  let  go  again,  they  would  not  leave  the  ship,  but  •■> 
deavored  to  hide  memselvcs  IVom  the  wind. 

At  eight  o'clock  a  hurricane;  the  sea  roarins,  but  the  wiad 
still  steady  to  a  point;  did  not  iriiip  a  spoonful  of  water.  How- 
ever, got  the  hiitchways  all  secured,  expecting  what  would  be  thf 
consequence,  should  the  wind  shift;  plaeed  the  carpenters  by  tha 
mainmait,  with  broad  axaa,  knowing,  from  experience,  that  at 
the  momeot  roa  may  want  to  out  it  away  to  save  the  ship,  an.  aaa 
may  not  b«  round.  Went  to  aupper:  bread,  cheese,  and  poit«|, 
^{ka  pnnnr  finghteaad  oat  of  bia  wita  about  his  bread  baga;  .t|"i 

19 


h^. 


fl 


SSmSmi 


■'. 


m 


^l»^^mili^  ««■  fMniitt 


dibdtKai«}|feera  h  white  aiib«ett,  not  undentiddiAgtlfe  Alpli 
iKHKng  M  nraeh,  and  the  noise  of  the  lower  deeii  guns;  whieb, 
fjp^fhii  time,  iimd^  a  pretty  eereeching  to  people  not  used  to  h; 
iF  iSeinlid  u  if  the  whole  ship's  Aide  wm  going  at  eaeb  roll. 
WMak,  odr  carpenter,  was  all  this  time  smoking  his  pipe  and 
MwhiBt  at  the  doctor;  the  second  lieutenant  upon  deck,  and  the 
ttSra  in  nis  hammock. 
Ai  ten  o'clock  I  thought  to  cet  a  little  sleep;  came  to  look  into 

Scot;  it  win  full  of  water;  for  every  seam,  by  tho  straining  ef 
fbip,  had  begun  to  leak.  Stretched  myself,  therefore,  upon 
Ai^i  between  two  chests,  and  left  orders  to  be  called,  should  the 
iMat  thing  happen.  At  twelve  a  midshipman  came  to  me:  "  Mr. 
J&6fater,  we  are  just  going  to  wear  ship,  Sir!"  "  O,  very 
weH,  I'll  be  up  directly,  what  sort  of  weather  have  you  sot  ?" 
'*  fi  blows  a  hurricane."  Went  upon  deck,  found  Sir  Hyde  thert. 
",Ii  bloirs  damned  hard.  Archer."  "  It  docs  indeed.  Sir."  "  I 
Mn't  know  that  I  ever  remember  its  blowing  so  hard  before,  bat 
the  ship  makes  a  very  good  weather  of  it  upon  this  tack  as  she 
h&fi  fhe  sea;  bat  we  must  wear  her,  as  the  wind  has  shifted  to 
$Sii  libiith-east,  and  we  were  drawing  right  upon  Cuba;  so  do  you 
i^  forward,  and  have  some  hands  stand  by;  loosotbe  lee  yard-arm 
OT  the  fbte-dail,  and  when  she  is  right  before  the  wind,  whip  the 
A|#-fl|iri)et  cioie  up,  and  roll  up  the  sail."  "  Sir!  there  is  oo 
cUhVMi  can  stand  against  this  a  moment;  if  we  attempt  to  loose 
lA  will  fly  into  ribands  in  an  instant,  and  we  may 'lose  three 


9t  Sir -of  our  ptople;  she'll  wear  by  manning  the  fere  shrouds." 
;'ir^  I  dont  think  sho  will."  *'  Pll  answer  for  il^JBir;  I  have 
iNIi  it  tri^d  several  times  on  the  coast  of  America  with  success." 
**  W^ll,  try  it;  if  she  does  not  wear,  we  can  only  loose  the  for** 
HR  afterwards."  .This  was  a  grieat  condescension  flrom  such  • 
nam  ai  Sir  Hyde.  However,  by  sending  about  two  hundred  pe»> 
B^  iQto  the  fure-rigging,  after  a  hard  struggle,  she  wore;  fetond 
mk  did  nM  ihake  so  good  weathet*  ou  this  tack  as  on  the  othir; 

am  the  sea  began  to  run  aeross,  she  had  not  time  to  rise  ftmc 
'  iki  befbre  another  lashed  a|;ainst  her.  Becan  to  think  W9 
MMW  1m4»  onr  masts,  ai  the  ship  lay  v(*ry  much  along,  br  tk# 
|KM(Or*  of  the  wind  constantly  tt|>bn  th«  yards  and  masts  aloMt 
Mrflii  poor  miten*stkyHNdI  hM  gene  in  shrdds  long  before.  Mid 
tM  iMiib  began  to  tfy  from  th*  ykrds  thrbugh  the  guktU  into 
•each  whips.    My  Goit  to  think  that  the  wind  eould  k«t»  Mieh 

,mt  Hyd«  how  e*lkt  me  to  iM  what  wai  the  matter  belwiMa 
l|ibtt,  Ml  there  wa»  a  good  deil  of  noiee.  Aa  seM  aa  I  was  be- 
few,  6M  of  th^  Miliiii*  effioers  calls  out:  "Good  God!  Mr. 
JbrdMr,  we  are^irinkiBjl,  thai  water  is  up  to  the  b«ttom  of  my  eal." 
**^9ttiA,  liMli! «» limg  ii  it  i*  not  ovet  yoiir  mtmOt,  yo«  »•  wtU 

aliflM  th«  d«vft  dft^ydtt  mdw  this  iidia«  for?" 


•"iit^mmmm 


iMHiii 


tui(3iftgtiiBiliif>1l 
leek  guns;  whieb, 
^ple  not  used  to  H; 
;oing  at  eaeh  roll, 
sking  hie  pipe  and 
|upoiideek,  and  the 

.  came  to  look  into 

by  tho  straining  ef 

lelf,  therefore,  upon 

>e  called,  should  the 

came  tome:  "Mr. 

Sir!"     "O,  Terr 

her  have  you  got?" 

>und  Sir  Hyde  ther*. 

8  indeed,  Sir."     "I 

^  so  hard  before,  bat 

pon  this  tack  as  she 

B  wind  has  shifted  to 

pon  Cuba;  so  do  you 

ooBO  the  lee  yard-arm 

re  the  wind,  whip  the 

"    "Sir!  there  is  no 

if  we  attempt  to  loose 

ind  we  may  iose  threa 

ting  the  fore  shrouds." 

irer  for  it^JSir;  I  have 

.merica  with  success." 

an  only  loose  the  fof*> 

iescension  fVom  sueb  • 

ibout  two  hundred  peo* 

ggle,  she  wore;  mmd 

tack  as  on  the  oth«r; 

d  not  time  to  rise  ft«K 

r.    Began  to  think  w« 

J  much  along,  br  tka 

^ards  and  masts  aloMt 

ir^ds  long  before,  aad 

rough  the  taidtiM  into 

wind  eould  hi^a  N«h 


ts  the  matter 
A*  aeaii  aa  I  was  be- 
lt: «'Good  Qod!  Mr. 
tha  bottom  of  my  «bI." 
trnMu^yM  an  imU 
«  for?"    I  fonirttlitM 


t-S 


temtkA  tW  deek,  uid  let  it  nm  iirto  the  well;  foond  riia  «Mde  « 
good  deal  of  water  through  the  sides  and  decks;  turned  tli# 
watch  below  to  the  pumps,  though  only  two  teet  of  water  in  tkmi 
well;  but  expected  to  be  kept  eoastanthr  at  work  now,  as  the  ship 
labored  much,  with  scarcely  a  part  of  her  above  water  but  dM 
qvsrter-deck,  and  that  but  seldon.    "  Come,  pump  away, 
boys.    Carpenters,  get  the  weather  ehain-pump  rigged." 
ready,  Sir."    "  Then  man  it,  and  keep  botn  pumps  going." 

At  two  o'clock  the  chain-pump  waa  ekoked;  aet  the  carpeatirs 
St  work  to  clear  it;  the  two  head  pumps  at  work  upon  deck:  thr 
Mf  gained  upon  us  while  our  chain-pumps  were  idle;  in  a  qual«> 
ter  of  an  hour  they  were  at  work  again,  and  we  began  to  gain 
upon  her.  While  1  was  standing  at  the  pumpe,  eheenng  the  «••• 
pie,  the  carpenter's  mate  came  running  to  me  with  a  face  as  ioM 
as  my  arm:  "  O,  Sir!  the  shi^  has  sprung  a  Icflk  in  the  gunner? 
room."  "Go,  then,  and  tell  the  carpenter  to  eome  to  me,  bat 
dont  speak  a  word  to  any  one  else."  "  Mr.  Goodinoh,  I  am  told 
there  is  a  leak  in  the  gunner's  room;  go  and  see  what  is  the  nat- 
ter, bat  don't  alarm  any  body,  and  eome  and  make  your  report 
privately  to  me."  In  a  short  time  he  returned:  "Sir,  thcra^# 
nothii^  there,  'tis  only  the  water  washing  up  between  the  tin* 
b*n  that  this  booby  has  taken  for  a  leak.  '  "  O,  very  well;  g» 
upon  deck  and  see  if  you  ean  keep  any  of  the  water  from  waA* 
ing  down  below."  "  Sir,  I  have  had  four  people  constantly  keep- 
ing the  hatchways  secure,  but  there  is  such  a  weight  of  watwr 
•ipon  the  deck  that  nobody  can  stand  it  when  the  ship  rellK"^ 
The  gunner  aian  afterwards  came  t«  me:  "  Mr.  Archer,  I  should 
be  glad  if  yon  would  step  thii  wajr  into  the  magasine  for  « 
moment:"  I  thought  seme  damned  throg  was  the  matter,  and  ran 
directly:  "  Well,  what  is  tha  matter  here?"  "  The  ground^ier 
of  powder  is  spoiled,  and  I  wut  to  show  you  that  it  is  not  out  of 
carelessness  in  me  in  stowing  it,  for  no  powder  in  the  world  couhl 
be  better  stowed.  Now,  Sir,  what  am  I  to  do  ?  if  you  dont  speakf 
to  Sir  Hyde,  he  will  be  angry  with  me."  I  could  not  fonear 
soriling  to  see  how  easy  ha  took  the  danger  ef  the  ship,  and  said 
to  him:  "  Let  us  shake  off  this  gala  of  wiad  flfst,  and  talk  «f  tlw 
damaged  ponrder  afterwards." 

At  four  w«  had  gained  upmi  tb«  ship  a  littie,  and  I  went  ofMMt 
deek,  it  beiag  my  wateh.  tIm  aeeend  lieutenant  relieved  bm  IT 
the  pumpa;  Wiio  can  attempt  to  deeeribe  the  appearanee  ef 
things  upon  deek  ?  If  I  wes  to  write  for  ever  I  eould  noTgive  ye« 
an  idea  of  it--«  total  darknasa  all  above:  the. sea  on  ftre,  rmmiaf 
u  it  were  in  Albe,  or  I^eake  of  Teneriffb;  (mountainB  are  t«S 
oenmwn  an  ideaV;  the  wind  roaring  louder  than  thunder,  (abee- 
Ittteljr  BO  fli^  of  imaginetion),  the  u4m^  made  more  terrible,  if 
peseible,  hf  a  very  imeommea  kind  ef  blee  lightning;  the  peer 
■irfp  ntf  wneh  prasaed,  yet  doing  what  she  eeuM,  shakhig  hefr 
ii«e»«d^reMMgat«Tei7itreln.    8irifyde«pett4eelilaab«l' 


'mis^^^' 


to  wiadwtrd!  1  mpk  iMlrad  mjndf  aloogtide  of  him,  aad  toM  kin 
the  situation  of  things  below,  saying  the  ship  did  not  mnko  moct 
water  thnn  might  be  expected  in  such  weather,  and  that  I  was 
(Only  afraid  of  a  sun  brealcing  loose.  "I  am  not  in  the  least 
afraid  of  that;  X  nave  commanded  her  six  years,  and  have  had 
nfeny  a  gale  of  wind  in  her;  so  that  her  iron  work,  whieh  alwaya 
gives  way  first,  is  pretty  well  tried.  Hold  fast!  that  was  an  uglv 
sea;  we  must  lower  the  yards,  I  believe,  Archer;  the  ship  b  nmeh 
lireaaad."  "  If  we  attempt  it.  Sir,  we  shall  lose  them,  tor  a  man 
aloft  can  do  nothing;  besides  their  being  down  would  caae  the 
ikip  very  little;  the  mainmast  is  a  sprung  mast;  I  wish  it  waa 
overboard  without  carry  ins  any  thing  else  along  with  it;  but  thai 
CM  aoou  be  done,  the  Kue  cannot  ust  for  ever;  'twill  soon  be 
daylight  now."  Found  by  the  master's  watch  that  it  was  five 
o'clock,  thoufih  but  a  little  after  four  by  ours;  glad  it  wm  so  near 
daylight,  ana  looked  for  it  with  much  anxiety.  Cuba',  thoa  ait 
much  in  our  way!    Another  ugly  sea:  sent  a  midshipman  to  briqg 

'  news  fi'om  the  pumps:  the  ship  was  j^aioing  on  them  very  much, 
for  they  had  broken  one  of  their  chains,  but  it.  was  almost  mended 
again.  News  from  the  pump  again.  "  She  still  gains!  a  heavy 
lee!"  Back-water  from  leeward,-  half-way  up  the  quarte%dacfc; 
filled  one  of  the  cutters  upon  the  booms,  and  tore  her  ell  to 
piecea;  the  ship  Ijringalmost  on  her  beam  ends,  and  not  attempt- 
ing to  right  again.  Word  firom  below  that  the  ship  still  gained  en 
flwn>  ■•  they  could  not  stand  to  the  pumM,  she  lay  so  much  aloi^. 
I  8«id  to  l^r  Hyde:  "  This  is  no  time.  Sir,  to  think  4^  eaving  the 

,  i||M«»t  shall  we  cut  the  mainmast  away?"    "  Ay I^^lpr/ast  aa  yon 

'  MB."  I  accordingly  went  into  the  weather  chaiMwith  -a  pelo> 
Mt  to  cut  awayihe  lanyards;  the  boatswain  went  to  leeward,  aad 
the  oarpentors  stood  by  the  mast.  We  were  all  readf,  wkM  a 
very  violent  sea  broke  right  on  board  of  us,  carried  every  Ihi^ 
npon-deck.away,  filled  the  ship  with  water,  the  main  and  niiMB> 
mMto  went)  the  skip  righted,  but  was  in  the  last  struggle  of  aiak* 
iiig  nader  ust 

▲asMn  M  wo  could  shake  oar  heads  above  water.  Sir  Hyide 
w^aimed:  "We  are  gone,  at  last.  Archer!  Ibunderad  at  aM!" 
"  Yes,  Sir,  fiuewell,  aqd  the  Lord  have  mercy  upon  Ml"  IlhM. 
twned  about  to  look  forward  at  the  ship;  aaf  thonght  elw  ww 
glruggKac  to  ut  rid  of  some  of  the  w«ter;  but  all  in  vak^  aktMNl 
alaMstikU  betow.  "  Alnighty  God!  I  thank  thM.  that  Mil  I  mi 
iMviBg  this  world,  which  I  have  always  considered  m  only  a  paa- 
aage  to  a  bettor,  I  die  wito  a  full  hope  of  thy  mantiei^  throoih 
tin  merito  of  Jesus  Christ,  thy  son,  our  Saviour  (i^ 

I  th»n  felt  sorry  that  I  could  swim,  u  by«that  maaM  I  nifht 
\m  a  qiiarter  of  an  hour  longer  dying  than  a  man  wke  eonld  Ml, 
■■4  it  is  impossible  to  divest  ourselves  of  a  wish  to  pveaerve  Jifik 
il  the  end  of  theM  reiectiMei  tkemkt  I  keasd  the^ak^,  tiMMf 

*illigriiidiBg  Mder  ^mv  ftat!  it  wm  M>  "  SVi  the  akip  {■»■'■•■**" 


mm 


hiiii.aBdt«Mkia 

id  not  malMinora 

,  and  that  I  wu 

not  in  the  l«Ht 

rt,  and  have  had 

>rk,  whieh  alwajra 

that  was  im  uglr 

the  ahip  is  nnoh 

them,  for  a  aaa 

would  caM  tbs 

t;  I  wish  it  was 

ig  with  it;  but  tbit 

er;  'twill  aooa  be 

Bh  that  it  was  five 

glad  it  waa  m  near 

r.     Cuba',  tboo  ait 

lidahipman  to  bring 

D  them  very  mueh, 

was  ahnoat  mended 

■till  gains!  a  heavy 

p  the  quartt»i|dacfc; 

[and  tore  her  eU  to 

ps,  and  not  atteaqit' 

p  ship  stili  gained  en 

|o  lay  so  much  aloi^. 

I  think  (rf*  aaving  tM 

Ay!,4|pjfastaayoo 

chaii»«ith  «  pola<> 

vent  to  leeward,  and 

e  all  readjr,  whw  a 

earned  every  Ihisg 

he  maun  and  nuBaa* 

ast  struggle  (rf*  aiiiil»> 

re  water,  Sir  Hf^ 
fbunderad  at  at*!" 
sjuponosl"  I  than 
«fl  thought  aha  «h 
t  all  in  vein,  shtiww 
thee,  that  Mir  I  an 
dered  as  only  a  pas> 
:hy  BiaNies^  thKwgh 
BurHft. 

thtftmsaas  I  might 
maawhoenihl  Jiel, 
rkh  to  preserve  ^fik 
aasd  tha  ahia  ihaaB 
,thfshipkpii|«iil^ 


r? 


jt"    "  The  ebip  is  ashore,  and  wa  may  aava 

By  this  time  the  quarter-deck  was  full  of  man 


f*  What  do  you  aaj 

ourselves  yet!" 

who  had  come  up  from  below;  and  'the  Lord  have  mercy  uponua,' 
lying  about  from  all  quarters.  The  ship  now  made  every  body 
senmle  that  she  was  sshore,  for  every  stroke  threatened  a  total 
dissolution  of  her  whole  frame;  found  die  was  stern  ashore,  and 
the  bow  broke  the  sea  a  good  deal,  though  it  was  washing  clean 
over  at  every  stroke.  Sir  Hyde  cried  out:  "  Keep  to  the  quarter* 
deck,  my  lads,  when  she  goes  to  pieces  t  is  your  best  elwuiea!" 
Providentially  sot  the  foremast  cut  away,  that  she  might  not  pay 
round  broad-siae.  Lost  five  men  cutting  away  the  fore-mast,  by 
As  breaking  of  a  sea  on  board  just  ss  the  mast  went.  That  mm 
ooUung;  every  one  expected  it  would  be  his  own  fate  jiait; 
lookeo  for  daybreak  with  the  greatest  impatience.  At  last  it 
eame;  but  what  a  scene  did  it  show  us!  The  ship  upon  a  bed  of 
rocks,  mountains  of  them  on  one  side,  and  CoroUleras  of  water 
on  the  other;  our  poor  ship  grinding  and  crying  out  at  every  stroke 
between  them;  going  away  by  piece-meal.  However,  to  show 
the  unaccountable  workings  of  Providence,  that  which  often  ap- 
pears to  bo  the  greatest  evil,  proves  to  be  the  greatest  good! 
That^unroerciful  sea  lifted  and  beat  us  up  so  high  among  the  rocks, 
that  at  last  the  ship  scarcely  moved.  She  was  very  strong,  and 
did  not  go  to  pieces  at  the  first  thumping,  though  her  decks  tum- 
bled in.  We  found  afterwards  that  she  bad  beat  over  a  ledge  of 
rocks,  almost  a  quarter  of  a  mile  in  extent  beyond  us,  whera, 
if  she  had  struck,  every  soul  of  us  must  have  perished. 

I  now  Impui  to  think  of  getting  on  shore,  so  stripped  off  my 
coat  and  Mens  for  a  swim,  and  looked  for  a  Une  to  carry  the  v^' 
with  me.  Luckily  could  not  find  one,  which  save  me  time  fiur 
recollection:  "  This  wont  do  for  roe,  to  be  the  first  man  oat 
of  the  ship,  and  first  lieutenant;  we  may  get  to  England  againt 
and  peopM  may  think  I  paid  a  sreat  deal  of  attention  to  myself 
sad  did  not  care  fur  any  body  else.  No,  that  wont  do;  instead  of 
being  the  first,  I'll  see  every  man,  sick  and  well,  out  of  her  be- 
fore me." 

I  now  thonght'there  w«s  no  probability  of  the  ship's  soonrgoiag 
to  pieces,  therefore  had  not  a  thought  of  mstant  death:  took  a  look 
round  with  a  kind  of  philoeophie  eye,  to  see  how  the  same  sitiwr 
tion  affected  my  companions,  and  was  surprised  to  find  the  most 
Bwaggariag,  swearing  bullies  in  fine  weather,  now  the  most  pitiful 
wretches  on- earth,  when  death  appeared  before  them.  However, 
two  get  aafoi  by  which  means,  with  a  line,  we  got  a  hawser  on 
shore,  and  mole  fost  to  the  rocks,  upon  which  many  ventured  and 
arrived  aafo.  "llMre  were  some  sick  and  wounded  on  board,  who 
eould  net  avail  themselves  of  this  method;  we,  therefore,  got  a 
•pat*  tap^aaitiiyard  firwn  the  chaina  and  placed  one  end  ashore  apd 
t|ka>«(ipr/9BtlweabiB  window,  so  that  mcpi  of  the  aidt  gUasMwi 


I 


A*  I  ted  detenmned,  to  I  wu  tte  lut  man  oqt  of  thfl  aM] 
(hie  was  about  ten  o'clock.  Tb«  gale  now  began  to  break. 
Hjrde  eaoM  to  me,  and  taking  me  bj  the  hand  was  ao  aflbeted 
that  be  was  scarcely  able  to  speak.  "  Archer,  I  am  happy  be- 
jond  expression,  to  see  you  on  shore,  bat  look  at  our  poor  Riob- 
nix!"  I  turned  about,  but  eould  not  say  a  sinffle  word,  being  too 
ftill:  my  miod  had  been  too  intensely  oecupied  before;  but  every 
^ing  now  rushed  upon  me  at  once,  so  that  I  eould  not  eontain 
myself,  and  I  indulged  for  a  fiiU  quarter  of  an  hour  in  tears. 

By  twelve  it  was  pretty  moderate;  cot  some  nails  on  shore  and 
made  tents;  found  great  quantiaes  offish  driven  up  by  the  sea 
into  holes  of  the  rocks;  knocked  up  a  fire,  and  had  a  most  eoiii> 
fortable  dinner.  In  the  afternoon  made  a  stage  (irom  the  eabin- 
trindows  to  the  rocks,  and  got  out  some  provieions  and  water,  lest 
the  ship  should  go  to  pieces,  in  which  case  we  must  all  have  per- 
nhed  of  hunser  and  tnirst;  for  we  4rere  upon  a  desolate  part  of 
Ae  coast,  and  under  a  rocky  mounta'ji,  that  could  not  supply  us 
with  a  single  drop  of  water. 

Slept  comfortably  this  night  and  the  next  day,  the  idea  ')!*  death 
vanishing  by  degrees,  the  prospect  of  beirj  prisoners,  daring  the 
var,  at  the  Havanna,  and  walking  three  hundred  Jitl'is  to  it 
through  the  woods,  was  rather  unpleasant.  However,  to  Mve  lift 
/br  the  present,  we  employed  this  day  in  getting  more  pro/blons 
'  md  water  on  ahore^  which  was  not  an  easy  matter,  on  account  of 
decks,  guns,  and  rubbish,  and  ten  feet  water  that  lay  over  them. 
In  the  evening  I  proposed  to  Sir  Hyde  to  repair  the  remains  of 
(be  only  boat  left,  and  to  venture  in  her  to  Jamaica <i^fself;  and 
in  ease  I  arrived  safo,  to  bring  vessels  to  take  them  dl  off;  a  pro- 
pasal  worthy  of  consideration.  It  wKt.  next  day,  agreed  to; 
ibiMrefore  got  the  cutter  on  shore,  and  se.  lae  carpenters  to  work 
en  ter;  in  two  davs  ahe  was  ready,  ana  at  fhva  o'clock  in  tte 
pAemdon  I  embarked  with  font  volunteers  and  a  fortnight's'  |«o- 
vtsion,  hoisted  English  colors  as  we  put  off  from  the  shore,  and 
reeeived  three  cheers  from  the  lads  left  behind,  which  we  returned, 
«nd  set  sail  with  a  light  heart;  having  not  the  least  doubt,  that, 
#ith  God's  assistance,  we  ehonld  eome  and  bring  them  all  off. 
Had  a  very  squally  nicht,  and  a  very  leakr  boat,  so  as  to  keep 
two  buckets  constant^  baling.  Steered  her  myself  the  whole 
night  by  the  stara,  and  in  the  morning  saw  the  coast  of  Jaranea 
distant  twelve  leagues.  At  eight  in  ue  evening  arrived  at  Mon- 
tego  Bay. 

1  must  now  begin  to  leave  off,  particularly  as  I  teve  but  half 
an  hour  to  conclude;  else  my  pretty  little  short  lettte  will  lose  ita 
passage,"  which  I  sboatd  toot  we,  after  befnf  tea  days,  at  iifhr- 
ent  times,  writing  it,  beating  up  with  the  convey  to  the  northward, 
whieh  is  at eason that thur  apiiM*  ^^  *>«**'  '^  ^^^  ^'  '  new 
d«wn«ri^  a  pfopepdispoaition  to  go  oairitii^it;  lul  aal  kn^ 


■aMMtbiiig  of  the  kind  woald  plMse  yen,  I  wna  reaolved  t*^^lialii 


HI 


■I 


loot  of  thfl  sMb; 
to  break.  Sir 
wu  w  aActed 
I  am  hapoy  b«> 
our  poor  PboB* 
word,  being  too 
before;  but  everjr 
tould  not  eontaia 
|our  in  tean. 
tails  on  ahore  and 
en  up  bj  the  sea 
bad  a  most  eorin 
B  from  the  cabin- 
ns  and  water,  lest 
nust  all  have  per* 
I  desolate  part  of 
aid  not  suftpljr  us 

,  the  idea  ->"  death 

isoners,  <!iiirtQgthe 

indred  jiil^s  to  it 

iwever,  to  aaTO  lift 

ig  more  provisions 

ter,  on  account  of 

hat  lay  orer  them. 

lir  the  remains  of 

naica^Mjrself;  and 

them  aH  off;  a  pro- 

t  dajr,  agreed  to; 

jarpentersto  work 

^ur  o'clock  in  the 

a  fortnight's'  pro- 

»m  the  shore,  ud 

which  we  retumed,' 

least  doubt,  tint, 

bring  them  all  off. 

»at,  sa  as  to  kaap 

Myself  the  wholo 

coast  of  Jammea 

Ig  arrived  at  Mon- 

is  I  have  bnt  half 
letter  win  lose  ita 
CfB  dajs,  at  diffbr* 
'  to  the  northward, 
iwelHibr  f  navttT 
Hit;bulasIktMrgr 
resolved  < 


It:  j«t  tt  mil  Mt  bear  an  ewiliaad;  ao  daat  ( 
Boasensa. 

But  to  proceed— I  instantly  seat  off  an  axpress  to  the  adaiiirf, 
another  to  the  Porcupine  man  of  war,  and  went  myself  to  JMartlMl 
Bray  to  get  vessels;  for  all  their  vessels  here,  as  well  aa  many  «f 
their  bouses,  were  gone  to  Moeo.  Got  three  small  vessels,  aal 
set  out  back  again  to  Cuba,  where  I  arrived  the  fourth  dav  aftar 
leaving  my  companionu.  I  thought  the  ahip'a  crew  would  haMt 
devoured  me  on  my  landing ;  they  presently  whisked  nm  up  oa  4  ~ 
shoulders  and  carried  me  to  the  tent  where  Sir  Hyde  waa. 

I  must  omit  many  little  oecurrences  that  happened  on  i 
for  want  of  time;  but  I  shall  have  a  number  of  stories  to  tell ' 
I  get  alongside  of  you;  and  the  nest  tiaw  I  visit  you  I  almfi  Ml 
be  in  such  a  hurry  to  quit  you  as  I  waa  the  last,  for  then  I  hopai 
my  nest  would  have  been  pretty  weU  feathered:— Bat  aiy  tale  it 
forgotten. 

1  found  the  Porcupine  had  arrived  that  day,  and  the  lada  hadi 
built  a  boat  almost  ready  for  launehmg,  that  would  held  fifty  «f 
them^,  which  was  intended  for  another  trial,  in  ease  I  had  fo«UMBib 
ed.  '  Next  day  embarked  all  our  people  that  were  left,  amounliog 
to  two  hundred  and  fifty;  for  aome  had  died  of  their  wounda  thaf 
received  in  getting  on  shore;  others  of  drinkins  rum,  and  otlian 
had  straggl^  into  the  country.  All.  our  vesseu  were  ao  fiill  of 
people,  that  we  could  not  take  away  the  few  clothea  tiiat  wasa 
saved  firom  the  wreck;  but  that  was  a  trifle  aince  we  hadpraaarv- 
ed  our  livee  and  liberty.  To  make  short  of  my  atory,  wa  all 
arrived  aafo  at  Montego  Bay,  and  shortly  after  at  Port  Royal,  m 
the  Janoa,  which  was  sent  on  purpoee  for  us,  and  were  all  ImnI' 
orably  acquitted  for  the  loss  of  the  ship.  I  waa  made  adnnralli 
idd  de  camp,  and  a  little  time  afterwards  seat  down  to  St.  Jnai^ 
u  cmptaia  of  the  Resource,  to  bring  what  were  left  of  the  poor 
deviB  to  Blue  Fields,  on  the  Musquito  shore,  and  thaa  la 
Jamaica,  where  they  arrived. dler  thiee  monthe  abaaBce,  aai 
without  a  prise,  though  I  looked  out  hard  off  Porto  Batto  mi 
Carthagank.  Found  m  my  abaenee  that  I  had  been  af 
eaptafai  of  the  Tobago,  where  I  remain  Ua  M^est)r's  bmmI 
aM  flutbfid  aarvaat,  and  any  dear  SMthar'a  moat  dutifid  aoo, 

ABCHEa 


Mumnr  of  the  bountt. 

Tim  aaWN^iaiita  mi  plaaiara  of  the  West  India  islanda,  haviag 
it#d  to  his  nMdMty  that  «■  eaaantial  benefit  might  be  «^ 
iiittodiMl^tb*  brBa*«ait  aa  an artida of  fMI ftrlii 


InlHibitenti  of  these  islandt:  hw  rmjttj  wm  graoiowly  pltaMil 
to  direct  the  board  of  Admiralty  to  equip  a  ahip  for  this  purpoM. 
Accordingly  one  proper  for  auch  a  voyage  waa  purobaMd,  and 
ilted  up  in  a  moat  commodioua  manner  to  receive  tue  plaota.  She 
waa  named  the  Bounty,  her  burden  about  two  buodrod  and  fifteen 
tena,  and  the  command  conferred  on  Lieutenaot  W.  Bligh,  who 
bad  aailed  aa  master  with  Captain  Jamea  Cook,  on  bis  voyi^a  of 
diaaoveries.    The  whole  crew  consisted  of  forty-six. 

On  the  4th  of  November,  1787,  the  Boont^jr  arrived  at  Spitbead, 
and  on  the  34th  of  the  aame  month,  Mr.  Bligh  received  bis  final 
ordera  from  the  Admiralty,  which  were  to  proceed  round  Cspe 
Horn  to  the  Society  iaianda,  there  to  take  on  board  aa  maay  of 
the  bread-fruit  trees  and  plants  as  may  b«  thought  necessary, 
Area  thence  to  proceed  through  Endeavour  Straigbta,  to  Prince's 
Island  in  the  Straigbta  of  Sunda,  or  if  it  abouTd  be  more  con- 
venient, to  pass  on  the  eastern  side  of  Java,  to  some  port  on  the 
north  side  of  that  island,  where  any  bread-fruit  trees  which  may 
have  been  injured,  or  have  died,  may  be  replaced  by  mangosteens, 
durieas,  and  other  fruit  trees  of  that  quarter,  as  well  as  the  rice 
,j4^nt  which  grows  upon  dry  land.  From  Prince's  Island,  or  the 
laland  of  Java,  to  return  by  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope  to  the  Wes* 
Indies,  and  deposite  one  half  of  the  treea  and  plants  at  his  Miyes- 
ty's  Botanical  garden  at  St.  Vincent,  for  the  benefit  of  the  Wind- 
ward Islands;  then  to  go  on  to  Jamaica,  and  having  delivered  the 
remainder  to  Mr.  East,  or  such  person  or  persons  as  may  be 
authorised  by  the  governor  and  council  to  receive  them,  to  refresh 
the  people  and  return  to  England. . 

As  the  season  might  be  4oo  far  advanced  for  effbcting  a  passage 
irouml  Cnpe  Horn,  the  Admiralty  gnve  Mr.  Bligh  discretioiMl 
•rdars  in  this  case,  to  go  round  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope. 

On  the  iSd  of  December,  the  Bounty  sailed  from  Spitbead. 
On  the.  6th  of  January,  1788  she  anchored  in  Santa  Cflizlroad, 
OB  the  island  of  Tenerifi*.  On  the  10th,  having  taken  on  board 
wine  and  other  refreshments,  Mr.  Bligh  proceeded  on  his  voyage. 
Ob  the  90th  of  March  the  coast  of  Twrti  del  Foego  was  discov- 
«rad;  from  Ais  time  they  began  to  experience  very  tenpeatuous 
weiUher,  the  ^krinds  in  general  Mowing  with  great  vioiencefirom 
the  westward;  attended  with  frequent  anow  and  hail-storms.  Mr. 
BUgh  «trug^led  with  great  perseverance  against  these  troubles 
for  thirty  days;  and  then  came  to  the  resolution  of  bearing  nway 
for  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  where  he  arrived  on  the  23d  of  May. 
While  At  the...C«pe  Mr.  Bligh  procured  such  plants  and.  s'^eds  as 
he  thought  would  be  valuable  at  Otaheite,  or  anv  other  place  at 
which  he  might  stpp.  OntiM  1st  of  July  he  sai|ea  fromtbe  Cape, 
and  •haoed  his  course  fur  New  Holland;  the  aoiithern promontory 
^.  which  he  made  on  tkc  19th  of  August,  llie  P9St  day  he  an- 
4iMNtodin  Adventure  Bay:  hece  the  ship  was  refitted;  tne  only 
'  ifBtar  (o  be  pcfloured  waa  whiil  M  Mi*<l  ><>  tlvep  Jii^.9Bid 


iowlyplwMMl 
for  this  purpoM. 

EuralMiied,  and 
e  pkul*.    8h« 
idrad  and  fiA««a 
W.  Bligh,  who 
I  hit  voyage  of 

ived  at  Spitbead, 
received  hia  final 
tceed  round  Cfpe 
board  aa  maay  <^f 
lought  neceaaary, 

Ohta,  to  Prince 'a 
1  be  more  coo- 
aome  port  on  the 
treea  which  may 
id  by  mangoateena, 
aa  well  aa  the  rice 
ice 'a  Island,  or  the 
Hope  to  the  Wea* 
klaata  at  hia  Mi^ca- 
enefit  of  the  Wmd- 

E~  ring  delivered  the 
raona  aa  may  be 
...e  them,  to  refreah 

r  eflTectiog  a  panage 
Bligh  diacretio^ 

rood  nope. 

iled  from  Spithead. 

1  Santa  Ci1i7.*road, 

ins  taken  on  board 

leded  on  hia  voyage. 
Foego  waa  diacpv- 

le  very  tempeatubua 

Sreat  violeBce.firoffl 
ihail^atorma.  Mr. 
linat  theae  troubles 
on  of  bearing  away 
on  the  33d  of  May. 
plonta  and.  a^eda  aa 
'  any  other  place  at 
lilea  from  the  Cape, 
outhern  promontory 
lie  Dfst  day.ha  jm- 
I  refitted;  the  otily 
led  in  deep  jHp^iad 


golHts  aftar  tU  aiay  aeaaon:  U  waa  found  paiActlf  awMt  mid 
good. 

Tbia  part  of  the  coaat  of  New  Holland  abounda  in  large  fbraal- 
traaa,  aome  running  to  the  height  of  one  hundred  and  fifty  feet; 
one  in  particular  which  waa  aeen  by  the  Bounty'a  people,  meaa- 
ured  thirty>two  feet  in  girth.  The  wood  of  theae  treea  ia  in  gen- 
eral firm,  but  of  two  bv  wy  and  aolid  a  nature  for  maata,  though  it 
might  anawer  extremely  well  for  ahfp-building.  On  the  trunk  of 
a  decayed  tree  waa  obacrved  to  have  been  out  with  a  knife,  the 
lettera,  "  A.  D.  1779,"  which  ia  auppoaed  to  have  been  done  by 
aome  of  Captain  Furneaux'a  people  who  were  at  thia  place  in  tin 
March  of  that  year. 

The  natives  who  were  seen,  were  perfectly  naked,  extremely 
wild,  but  inofiensive.  Mr.  Bligh  held  out  every  friendly  encour- 
agement to  have  an  intercourae  with  them,  but  without  effect. 

Previoua  to  their  leaving  Adventure  Bay,  Mr.  Nelson,  the 
botaniat,  planted  aome  apple  and  other  fruit  trees,  and  sowed 
varioua  kinda  of  aeeda.  On  the  4th  of  September  they  sailed  from 
hence,  and  steering  to  the  S.  E.  arrived  on  the  26th  of  October 
in  Matavai  Ba^,  in  the  island  of  Ofbheite. 

Mr.  Bligh  immediately  aet  about  executing  the  object  of  hia 
voyage;  for  which  purpoae  the  botanisi/i  were  sent  on  ahore,  in 
aaarch  of,  and  to  coUeol  the  bread-fruit  plants,  in  which  they  found 
no  difficulty,  receiving  every  aaaistance  from  the  nativea,  with 
whom  the  greateat  firiendship  and  intimacy  aubaisted  during  their 
continuance  at  this  island. 

On  the  8l8t  of  March,  1789,  having  collected  aa  many  of  the 
traea  and  planta  aa  could  be  conveniently  atowed,  they  were  taken 
on  boaiu  t9  the  number  of  one  thousand  and  fifteen,  contained  in 
aeven  hundred  and  seventy-four  pots,  thirty-nine  tubs,  and  twenty- 
six  boxes;  besidea  aeveral  other  planta  of  varioua  descriptiona. 
Tbb  Bounty  being  now  ready  for  aea,  Mr.  Bligh  made  the  fare- 
well preaents  tvi  his  friends,  many  of  whom  expressed  a  great 
deaire  to  accompany  him  tu  England,  and  s^iewed  evident  aigna 
of  regret  at  their  departure. 

On  the  4th  of  April,  tliey  took  a  last  and  affectionate  leave  of 
their  hospitable  Otaheiten  frienda,  and  put  to  aea;  pursuing  nearly 
the  aame  tract  to  the  FrienBly  Islanda  with  former  navigatora;  on 
the  morning  of  the  10th,  an  island  and  aeveral  small  keya  near  it 
were  diacovered;  the  island  had  a  most  beautiful  appearance,  it 
was  covered  with  cocoa  nut  and  other  trees,  interspersed  with 
beautiiiil  lawna.  The  next  day  a  canoe  came  off  with  aome  of  the 
nativea,  who  were  extremely  familiar^  and  spoke  a  similar  language 
to  thoae  of  Otaheite.  They  aaid  the  iaSand  was  called  Wytootao- 
kae.  Ita  circumference  ia  lUiout  ten  milaa;  latitude  18**  60, 
aouth,  longitude  300**  19  eaat. 

I^T^ng  thia  island,  thoy  prooeeded  for  the  Friendly  lalanda, 
mui  «•  Hw  9Sd  aaelioNd  at  Aanaaaooliai  at  tUa  place  Mr.  Bligh 


•MOT  W  09  Tm  MVRTTi 


jflRTjwi.oVl  «MB,.whj  iM  ronMnbcrad  ^Atm  he  «M-1iere  .wiAi 
Captain  Cook,  in  tha  year  1777,  from  whom  he  learnt  that  aerecid 
of  the  cattle  which  had  -been  then  left  were  still  alive  and  had 
bred.  -  Mr.  Blich  had  alao  the  satisfaction  to  see  that  most  of  the 
seeds  which  had  been  sown  at  that  time  had  succeeded,  especiaUy 
the  pines,  of  which  fruit  the  natives  were  very  fond. 

On  the  37th,  having  completed  taking  on  board  wood  and  water, 
•nd  procured  some  bread-fruit  plants  to  replace  those  which  were 
dead  or  sickly,  they  sailed  from  AnnamooRa. 

A  scene  as  unexpected  as  deplorable  was  now  about  to  present 
itself,  which  rendered  the  object  of  the  voyage,  after  oil  Mr. 
Bliffh's  exertions,  inelTeetual. 

This  individual's  bearing  towards  his  officers  and  crew  as  it 
was  aflerwards  proved,  had  never  been  of  the  most  gentle  or 
conciliating  kind;  indeed,  he  had  frequently  indulged  in  the' 
coarsest  and  most  brutal  language  towards  them,  and  hia  acts 
were  often  oppressive  in  the  extreme.  In  the  afternoon  of  the 
27(h,  Lieutenant  Btigh  came  upon  deck,  and  missing  some  of  the 
cocoa  nuts  which  had  been  piled  up  between  the  guns,  said  they 
bad  been  stolen,  and  eould'not  have  been  taken  away  without 
the  knowledge  of  the  officers,  all  of  whom  were  sent  for  and 
questioned  on  the  subject.  On  their  declaring  that  they  had  not 
seen  any  of  the  people  touch  them,  he  exclaimed,  "  Then  you 
must  have  taken  them  yonmelvea;"  and  proceeded  to  inquire 
ef  them  separately  how  many  they  had  purchased.  On  coming 
to  Mr.  Christian,  tha'  gentleman  answered,  "I  do  not  know,  sir; 
but  I  hope  ynr  do  not  think  me  so  mean  as  to  be  guilty  of  steal* 
ing  jrow*"-  '  Mr.  Bligh  answered, "  yes,  you  d— — - — d  hound,  I 
do—  yuu  must  have  stolen  them  fVom  me,  or  you  would  be  able  to 

five  a  better  account  of  them ; "  then  turning  to  the  other  officers, 
e  said,  "  God  d — n  you,  you  scoundrels,  you  are  all  thieves 
alike  and  combine  with  the  men  to  rob  me:  I  suppose  you  will 
■teal  my  yams  next;  but  I'll  sweat  you  for  it,  you  rascals — I'll 
sake  halfofyoujump  overboard  heiore  you  get  through  Endeav- 
our Straits."  This  threat  was  fblloweil  by  an  order  to  the  clerk 
"to  stop  the  villains'  grog,  and  give  them  but  half  a  pound  of 
jome  to-morrow;  if  they  steal  them,  I'll  reduce  then  to  a 
quarter." 

On  the  morning  of  the  S8th  of  April,  just  before  sun-riae,  Mr. 
Christian,  one  of  the  mates,  (who  had  for  some  time  been  intrus- 
ted with  the  charge  of  the  third  watch),. aocom|Muiied  by  the 
master  at  arms,  pinner's  laato,  and  Thomas  Burkett,  a  seaman, 
•otnred  Mr.  Blign's  cabtn  w)iile  he  was  asleep,  and  seichig  him, 
hoand  his  hands  behind  his  book,  at  the  same  time  threateaiiw 
jaetaot  death  if  he  resisted  or  made  the  least  noises  Not  intimn 
dated  by  their  threats,  Mr.  Migh  resolutely  ealled  for  assistance, 
but  the  mutineers  hod  taken  eare,  pievioiMjr  to  eeeure  all  tboee 
whojHwra  net  ooneomed  in  HMt  4iabolieat  ■eheme.    Thejr  (km 


[learnt  that  aeyenl 
l^till  alive  and  had 
ee  that  most  of  the 

Iceeded,  especially 

Ibnd. 

pd  wood  and  water, 
)  those  wfaieh  were 

w  about  to  present 
ige,  after  all  Mr. 

era  and  crew  as  it 

the  most  gentle  or 

y  indulged  in  the^ 

hem,  and  his  acts 

le  afternoon  of  the 

missing  some  of  the 

the  guns,  said  they 

aken  away  without 

were  sent  for  and 

ig  that  thev  had  not 

aimed,  "  Then  you 

roceeded  to  inquire 

Ihased.     On  coming 

'I  do  not  know,  sir; 

0  be  guilty  of  sleal- 

1  d — -— — d  hound,  I 
^ou  would  be  able  to 
to  the  other  oflioers, 
you  are  all  thieves 

I  suppose  you  will 
t,  you  rascals — I'll 
[et  through  Endetv- 
n  order  to  the  cleric 
>ut  half  a  pound  of 
reduce  them  to  • 

>efore  sunnrite,  Mr. 
le  time  been  iotrus- 
ocomfMuiied  by  the 
Burkett,  •  MMnao, 
)p,  and  seising  him, 
oe  time  threateniitf 
noise.  Not  intii^ 
alledibr  assistance, 
to  aeeure  all  tboM 
siMme.    Hmjt  liMit 


pnlMI  Urn  Srom  his  bed,  and  forced  Um  upon  deck,  vith  MtUMI 
on  him  but  his  shirt,  where  a  guard  was  placed  oymt  bim.  ZlS 
boatswain  was  ordered  to  hoist  the  launch  out,  whith  being  doQn, 
Mr.  Hayward  and  Mr.  Hallet,  midshipmen,  Mr.  SMnuel,  'Um 
derkt  with  some  others,  were  directed  to  go  into  her.  Mr.  Bl^ 
frequently  remonstiated  with  his  people  on  the  nnpropritty  and 
irioience  of  their  proceedings,  and  endeaTored  to  persuade  tbnm 
^  return  to  their  duty;  but  all  hie  efibrts  proved  ineffectual:  Um 
only  reply  he  could  obtain  was,  *'  hpid  your  tongue  air  or  yon  «• 
dead  this  instant." 

The  ofRcers  who  were  confined  below,  were  next  called  upcm 
deck  and  forced  into  the  boat.  The  mutineers  were  some  tuna 
undecided  whether  they  should  detain  the  carpenter  or  his  mafjB; 
at  length,  after  much  altercation,  it  was  determined  that  the  <iar> 
penter  should  go  into  the  boat;  and  it  was  not  without  much 
opposition  that  they  permitted  him  to  take  his  tool-chest  with. him.. 
Upon  which  some  of  them  swore,  that  "  he  (meaning  Air.  Blifb) 
would  find  his  way  home  if  he  gets  any  thing  with  him,  and  ml 
he  would  have  a  vessel  built  in  less  than  a  month."  Wlkil* 
others  turned  their  miserable  situation  imlb  ridicule,  little  expetfl* 
ing  from  the  boat  being  so  deep  and  crowded,  that  she  could  long 
keep  the  sea.  Ail  those  now  being  in  the  boat  who  were  intaMled 
to  accompany  their  unfortunate  Commander,  Christian  addressed 
bim,  saying,—"  Come,  Captain  Bligh,  your  officers  and  men  ArA 
now  in  the  boat,  and  you  must  go  with  them;  if  you  attempt  HA 
make  the  least  resistance  you  will  instantly^  be  put  to  death." 
He  was  then  forced  over  the  side,  and  bis  hands  unbonnd. 
When  they  were  putting  him  out  of  the  ship,  Mr.  Bligh  lookjli 
steadfastly  at  Christian,  and  asked  him,  if  his  treatment  was  n  praper 
return  for  the  many  instances  he  had  received  of  his  friendabiii? 
At  this  question  he  seemed  confused,  and  answered  with  munil 

emotion,— ^'  That,  Captain  Bligh, that  is  the  thing;— —I  •■» 

in  hell— I  am  in  hell." 

The  boat. was  veered  astern,  and  soon  after  cast  adrift,  amidil 
the  ridicule  and  scoffs  of  these  deluded  and  unthinking  men, 
\vhoae  general  shout  was,  "  huua  for  Otaheite."  The  armorer 
and  carpenter's  mates  called  on  Mr.  Bligh,  and  bagged  bim  fjl 
remember  that  they  had  no  hand  in  the  transaction,  and  aona 
othcriaeemad  to  express  by  their  manner  a  contrition  for  h*tli% 
joined  in  the  mutiny. 

At  no  complaints  had  been  made,  or  dissatisfaoflon  liMwtt, 
Mr.  Bligh  was  at  a  loss  how  to  account  for  thia  sndden  and  uiir 
expected  change  in  the  disposition  of  his  peopla;  unices  it  toaa 
fifqm  the  temptationa  held  out  to  them  by  the  ebiefo  of  Otahiita, 
who  were  much  attached  to  the  English,  and  allured  them  Igr 
promisea  of  large  posaesaions  if  they  would  remain  behind;  tbkh 
It  addition  to  the  ecnnexion  which  they  had  formed  with  dw 
woman,  lAom  Mr.  Bligh  daacvibas  as  handsama,  mild  and  ahaaf 


"■"■m 


td  in  their  munen  and  eooTetiiatioD;  poneaied  <^  grMt  moiu* 
tibility,  and  having  sufficient  delicacy  to  oiake  them  admired  and 
boioved. 

Although,  these  were  perhaps  among  the  inducements  which 
led  to  the  mutiny^  there  is  no  doubt  but  that  Bligh's  intemperate 
language  and  insulting  demeanor  were  the  chief  causes  of  the 
unhappy  deed.  It  is  pretty  evident,  that  the  mutiny  was  not,  as 
Bligb  in  his  narrative  stated  it  to  have  been,  the  result  of  a  con- 
sptraey. .  It  appears  from  the  minutes  of  the  court-martial,  which 
was  afterwards  instituted,  that  the  whole  aflair  was  planned  and 
•xeeuted  between  the  hours  of  four  and  eight  o'clock  on  the 
morning  of  the  28th  April,  when  Christian  had  the  watch  upon 
dw>fik ;  that  Christian,  unable  longer  to  bear  the  abusive  langun^e, 
bad  meditated  his  own  escape  from  the  ship  the  day  before,  choos- 
ing to  trust  himself  to  fate  rather  than  submit  to  the  constant  up- 
braiding to  which  he  had  been  subject;  but  the  unfortunate  busi- 
ness of  the  cocoa  nuts  drove  him  to  the  commission  of  the  rash 
and  felonious  act  which  ended,  as  such  criminal  acts  usually  do, 
in  his  own  destruction  and  that  of  a  great  number  orothers,  many 
of  whom  were  wholly  innocent. 

The  following  persons  were  those  turned  adrift  with  Mr.  Bligh 

in  the  boat. 


John  Fryer,  master. 

Tho.  Led  wood,  acting  surgeon; 
he  was  never  heard  of  after 
Mr.  Bligh  left  Batavia. 

D.  Nelson,  botanist;  died  at 
Itoavia. 

Wm.'  Peckover,  gunner. 

Wm.  Cole,  boatswain. 

Wra.  Purcill,  carpenter. 

Wm.     Elphilstone,     master's 

'  iBnte;^ed  at  Batavia. 


T.  Hayward,  ) 
J.  Hallet,  { 
John  Norton,  quartcrimaster, 

killed  by  the  natives  at  Toso*. 
P.  Linkletter,  quarterHmastar; 

died  at  Batavta,        . 
h.  Lebo^ue,  sail-makar. 
John  8mith,  cook. 
Tho.  HaU,  ditto;  died  at  fiati- 

via. 
Robert  TinUar,  boy. 


i_      '  nere  rtmamd  in  th*  Bomtb/t 

flfltcher    Christian,    nuwter's    Tfio.  M'Intoah.  of  oarpantnr^ 


crew.  * 

C.  Churchill,  muter  at  arms. 
Joseph  Colannn,  armorer. 
Wn.  Brown,  gavduwr;  u4H 

able  I 


mate. 
JP.  Haywood,  i 
£.  Young      >  midshipmen. 

0.  Stewart,    ) 

1.  jAills,  gunner*!  mat*. 

lUfbra  the  boat  was  caat  off,  Jib.  Bligh  boggad  tbntiKiaie  anaa 
nffbt  be  handed  into  her;  buttheae  unfeeling  wrctahcaJaughadft 
Un,  and  said  "  he  was  well  aeqnuntad  «iw  tha  jpeopla  aniong 
«!40«  he  was  going,  and  therefore  4U  JWt;«tHU  wm."  Tn^* 
ktKMivar.tlMraw  four  cutlasars  into  Mm.  htil    . 


grMt 
•duuretT  and 

Benwnts  which 

intemperate 

cause*  of  the 

\y  was  not,  at 

esuU  of  a  coo* 

•martial,  which 

as  planned  and 

o'uock  on  the 

the  watch  upoQ 

utive  language, 

y  before,  choot' 

he  constant  up- 

infortunate  busi- 

■ion  of  the  rash 

acts  usually  do, 

orothers,  many 


withMr.Bligh 


quarter<maiter, 
inativeaatTosoa. 
,  quarter'inMMKi 
ivia, 

lail-makar. 
ook. 
to:  died  at  Batiip 

MT.boy. 


ih,  of  eaipenterli 

mister  at  armf. 
HUB,  armorar. 
gavdiMt;  mI  14 
1. 

■d  UmAjkhm  tnaa 
rftahM.Uugh«4ft 
Jie  Mopte  anwBg 
■tte."    TAiy» 


MUTUI  OV  xn  BOiniTT>  j^p 

Tbrir  whole  stock  of  provisions  consisted  of  oLe  handred  and 
fifty  pound  of  bread,  sixteen  pieces  of  pork,  six  quarts  of  nun, 
with  twenty*eight  gallons  of  water;  there  were  also  four  empty 
barrecoes  in  the  boat.  The  boatswain  had  been  allowed  to  cot 
lect  a  small  quantitj  of  twine,  some  canvas,  lines,  and  cordage. 
Mr.  Stunuel,  ihe  clerk,  had  been  also  permitted  to  take  a  quadrant 
and  compass;  but  he  was  forbidden  on  pain  of  death  to  touch 
either  chart,  ephemeris,  book  of  astronomical  observations,  sex- 
stent,  time-keeper,  or  any  of  the  surveys  or  drawings  which  Mr. 
Bligb  had  been  collecting  for  fifteen  years.  Mr.  Samuel  had  the 
goml  fortune  to  secure  Mr.  Bligh's  journal  and  eonmuasion,  with 
some  other  material  ship  papers. 

At  the  time  the  boat  left  the  ship  they  were  about  ten  league* 
from  Tosoa.  Mr.  Bligh's  first  determination  was  to  steer  for  this 
place,  to  seek  a  supply  of  broad-fruit  and  water,  from  thence  to 
proceed  to  Tongataboo,  and  there  to  solicit  the  king  to  suflTer  him 
to  equip  the  boat,  and  grant  them  such  a  supply  of  water  and  pro- 
visions, as  might  enable  them  to  reach  the  East  Indies.  Arriving 
at  Tosoa,  they  found  the  natives  unfriendly  and  hostile;  and 
availing  themselves  of  the  defenceless  stale  of  the  English,  at> 
tacked  them  violently  with  stones,  so  that  the  eupply  they  got 
here  was  very  scantv.  It  was  indeed  with  some  aiflnculty  they 
escaped  being  entirely  cut  off  by  the  natives;  which  most  probably 
would  have  been  the  case,  had  not  one  of  the  crew  (John  Norton*) 
resolutely  jumped  on  shore  and  cast  off  the  stern-fast  of  Ihe  boii; 
this  brave  f*U6w  fell  a  sacrifice  to  preserve  the  lives  of  his  com* 
paaions;  he  was  surrounded  and  inhumanly  murdered  by  the** 
**vages. 

The  reception  they  met  at  Tosoa,  gave  them  little  encourag** 
ment  to  touch  at  Tongataboo;  att  it  was  evident  that  the  former 

iood  behavior  of  these  people  proceeded  more  firom  the  dread  of 
ire  arms,  than  a  naturu  disposition  to  be  friendly. 
It  now  seemed  the  general  wish  of  all  in  th»  boat,  that  Blir. 
Bligh  should  conduet  them  towuds  home.  He  pointed  out  to 
them  that  no  hopes  of  relief  remained,  excepting  what  might  b^ 
fimnd  at  New  HoUand,  or  the  ialaod  of  Timor,  which  was  at  the 
distanoe  of  full  one  thousand  and  two  hundred  leagues;  and  that 
It  would  require  the  greatest  economy  to  be  observed,  with  regard 
to  the  scanty  allowance  which  they  had  to  live  upon  for  so  long  a 
voyage*  It  was  therefore  agreed  by  the  whole  crew,  that  only  au 
ounce  of  bread,  and  a  quarter  of  a  pint  of  w«ter  should  be  issued 
to  each  person  per  day.  After  Mr.  Bligh  had  recommended  to 
them  in  the  most  solemn  manner  not  to  depart  (tpm  the  promise 
they  hiA  made;  he  on  the  9d  of  May  bore  away,  vad  shaped  hi* 
eourse  for  New  Holfamd,  aorosa  a  sea  little  explored,  io  a  bo«t 
only  iwenty'thp**  feet  in  length,  six  foet^aiAe  inches  in  bretim, 
uA  two  feet  nine  inehee  deep,  with  eighteen  peraone  on  hoard. 
The  a*xt  day  they  •iioovnt*r*d  • 
^-  SO 


^wimiiiji, 


mm 


iMH 


MimifT  or  TBI  Bomm. 


itorfii,  ,the  boat  Aippffd  stiefa  a  qnantttT  of  irater,  fhal  It  liM  4nr 
gr9i»t  exerdong  ana  whh  the  ittniost  dimetiUy  the  ooald  he  icept 
afloat.  tTbe  davfolloving  it  naoderated.  On  the  5th,  thej  siw 
audpassed  «  eiuM^r  df'Kiands,  cbntinuins  their  courae  to  the 
nuith-west.  Hithiuto  they  had  not  been  mle  to  keep  any  other 
account  thfU)  t>y  gneMi  bat  had  now  aucceeded  in  gettina  a  hg* 
Hue  muki^t  jiid  l>y  a  little  practice,  aoine  could  count  ue  aee^ 
oad*  with  a  tblerable  degfeii  of  ekaetneaa.  The  miserable  and 
eojqf^edatiate  in  which  tney  nwre,  induced  Mr.  Bligh  to  put  Ua 
crew  to  watch  and  watch,  so  tint  one  half  misht  be  on  the  lec^ 
out,  while  the  othera  lay  down  in  Ihe  boat's  bottom,  or  upon  k 
cheat;  even  this  gave  but  a  triflinff  alleviation  to  their  suflfbringa; 
being  exposed  to  constant  wet  and  cold,  and  not  having  room  to 
stretch  their  limbs,  the^  became  oAen  so  dreadfully  cramped,  a« 
to  be  incapable  of  moving  them. 

On  the  7th,  another  group  of  islands  was  seen,  fi-om  whence 
they  observed  two  large  canoes  in  pursuit  of  them,  one  of  whieh 
at  four  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  had  arrived  within  two  miles  of 
the  boat,  when  she  cave  over  the  chase  and  returned  in  shore. 
Mr.  Bligjh  imagined  firom  their  direction  and  vicinity  to  the 
Ffi«ndlvTslands  these  must  have  been  the  Fegee  Islands. 

0^  the  8th,  the  weather  was  moderate  and  fair,  whieh  mn 
thdm  an  (i^pportunity  to  dry  their  clotbes,  and  clean  out  the  boati 
Mr.  Bluth  also  amused  the  people,  by  relating  to  them  n  descrip* 
tion  of  New  Guinea  and  New  Holland,  with  every  information  in 
iijlf  ^wer,  that  in  case  any  accident  happened  to  him,  the  aurvi- 
Tors  might  be  able  to  pursue  their  coarse  to  Tiinor;  whidi  pleeo 
Ummt  before  knew  nothing  of  except  by  name. 

Vpthe  lOth,  the  weather  again  began  to  be  extremelv  boiBtmreas, 
with  cpaatant  rain  and  firequent  thunder  and  lightning;  the  sea 
Was  so  rbuffh,  as  often  to  break  over  the  beat;  «o  that  they  wer* 
fiM^ver  baling,  and  often  in  imminent  danger  of  perishing;  in  ad- 
oition  to  theif  Wsfortunes,  the  bread  waa  damaged  by  the  a«h 
water;  their  clothes  never  being  dry,  they  derivOa  no  refreshoieMt 
fiom^ihe  little  rest  they  aometunes  got;  and  many  wore  so  b#> 
Biunbed  «od  cramped  by  the  cold,  that  they  were  afflicted  with 
violent  rtiverings  and  pains  in  the  bowels.  As  the  weather  itUI 
continued  tempestuous,  Mr.  Bligh,  as  an  expedient,  recommend- 
•d  it  to  evorv  one  to  strip,  and  wring  their  clothes  jnthe  lalt- 
water,  which  had  a  bom  eibct,  and  produced  a  waraMh,  fiMt 
while  wet  with  the  rain  thagr  otwld  not  have. 

On  the  14th  they  saw  a  number  ef  islands,  which  appeared  to 
be  a  new  discovery,  but  aa  they  lie  io  near  the  New  tiobridea, 
thoy  may  be  considered  tft  a  part  of  that  group.  Their  latitude 
ttm'  19  deg.  16  linin.  to  14  deg.  south,  longttude  tlO  deg.  67  niii. 
It  win.  to  168  deg.  94  ndn.  east  from  Oraenwidi;  to  'Uiese  th«3r 


'gimfh0um  ofinm*$  islands. 
Oil tftb m%  it  waithooght  QfO 


>■;•.* 


QpedMMry  to  reduee  thdr  ilritljr 


•-"■v- 


oonld  be  Jtepl 

6th,  they  etw 

eourse  to  the 

keep  any  other 

gettiiw  a  logo  ' 

count  rae  mo^ 

miaereble  and 

tifh  to  pat  hw 

be  on  the  leok 

iota,  or  upon  a 

their  sufibringe; 

havini;  room  to 

illy  cramped,  ae 

m,  (Vom  whence 

m,  one  of  which 

lin  two  miles  of 

sturned  in  ehore. 

I  vicinity  to  the 

le  blanda. 

fair,  which  gave 

can  out  the  boat. 

o  them  A  deecritt* 

ery  information  in 

to  liiffl,  the  surH- 

mor;  wbidi  plaea 

renelvboiiteveiM, 
lightning:  theae* 
•o  that  they  werb 
fperiwhiag;  in  ad- 
nased  By  the  «|lt 
red  no  refreshniettt 
many  were  ao  b#> 
rare  afflicted  with 
J  the  weather  itill 
dient,  reeonmMnd- 
lothea  jnthe  ialt> 
ed.awanMk,tbat 

which  appeared  to 
he  New  Hebridei, 
ip.  Their  latitude 
ie  tiO  deg.  67  niii. 
rkki  to  'ttieae  mf 

duee  their  drMljr 


"-TI 


fBl 

ariieraMe  pittanee;  it  urea  aeeerdiagly  agreed  that  each  peri^n 
ahovM  receive  ei^e  #6th  part  of  a  pound  of  bread  for  breakffait, 
and  the  aane  quantity  for  dinner;  ao  that  by  omitting  the  aUo#- 
anee  for  aupper,  ti^9y  would  have  forty-three  days  provisionB. 

The  next  day  ihey  aaw  several  noddiea  ana  other  sea  Ibwl, 
some  of  which  they  were  ao  fortunate  as  to  catch,  and  served 
them  oat  as  •  part  of  the  allowaneet  The  sight  of  these  birds  in- 
dioated  their  being  in  the  neighborhood  of  land.  The  weather 
was  now  more  serene;  but  even  this  became  distressing  to  tbem; 
the  heat  of  tbw  son  was  so  intense,  that  many  at  the  people  were 
seised  with  a  langor  and  faiatness,  which  made  life  inaifibrent 
At  one  in  the  morning  on  the  S9th,  breakers  were  discovered 
about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  distant  under  their  lee;  they  immediate- 
ly hauled  oflf  and  were  soon  out  of  danger.  At  daylight,  they 
again  stood  in  and  discovered  the  reef,  over  which  the  sea  broke 
Airiously.  Jteering  along  the  edge  of  it,  an  opening  was  soon 
observed,  through  which  the  boat  passed;  a  snwll  iuand  «rhich 
la^  within  the  reef  of  a  moderate  height,  Mr.  Bligh  named  Island 
of  IMreetion,  as  it  serves  to  show  ue  entrance  of  the  channel; 
ita  latitude  is  IS  deg.  Al  min.  south.  As  they  advanced  within  the 
reef,  the  coast  of  If  ew  Holland  began  to  show  itself  distinctly. 
They  landed  in  a  fine  sandy  bay  on  an  bland  near  the  main:  here 
thev  found  plenty  of  oysters,  water,  and  berries,  which  to  men  in 
thfir  deplorable  isondition,  were  looked  uponaa  luxuries.  After 
a  more  oemfortable  repose  than  they  hao  experienced  for  mai^ 
nights,  they  were  preparing  tho  next  day  to  depait,  wl^en  about 
twenty  natives  made  tneir  appearance  on  the  opposite  shore,  run- 
ning imd  hallooing,  at  the  same  time  making  sigoa  to  land,  tiaeb 
wae  armed  with  a  spear  or  lance;  several  others  were  seen  peep- 
ing over  the  tops  of  the  adjacent  hills.  Mr.  Bligh  finding  that 
ha  waa  discovered,  judged  it  most  prudent  to  make  the  best  of  h|s 
way  to  aea.  He  nnmed  the  island  on  which  they  landed  Reatonik 
tioa  Island;  as  it  was  not  only  applicable  to  their  own  situation, 
but  (he  anniversary  of  King  Charles's  Restoration  when  it  was 
dlaeoversd;  its  observed  latitude  19  deg.  99  min.  aouth. 

As  tiie  b<kM  sailed  along  the  shore,  mi^y  other  parties  of  the 
natives  came  down,  waving  greenbonghs  as  a  token  of  friendship; 
but  Mr*  ^BUgh,  suspicious  of  their  iatontioaai  would  Lot  ventuQB 
to  hud.    Tbeee  people  were  naked,  with  black  and  woolly  hair. 

On  the  91st  they  landed  on  a  small  island,  in  order.to  get  a 
distinct  view  of  the  coast;  fipom  thence,  after  making  a  hearty 
meal  on  oysters,  they  again  put  to  sea,  steering  along  the  shore, 
often  touahing  at  the  dilbrent  islanda  and  keya  to  refreah  them> 
selves,  and  get  such  supplies  as  they  aflbrded.  On  the  evening 
of  tfie  9d  of  June,  they  had  passed  through  Endeavour  Straits, 
and  were  once  more  launched  into  the  open  ocean,  shaping  their 
course  for  the  island  of  Timor,  widoh  they  were  eneonrfgad  to 
expect  th^  might  roach  in  eight  or  ten  days.    A  continuaaoa  m 


r 


m 


^jHit  and  t«ap«atttOus  wwrther,  «£bct«d  even  Um  itaaliil  hmMM 
loeaito  sueh  a  degree,  from  inceaMuit  fatigue,  that  manj  ahowed 
'.{itideot  ■igns  of  approaching  dissolution.  Mr.  Bligh  nsed  every 
effort  to  revive  their  drooping  spirits,  and  comforted  them  with  a 
hope  that  they  would  soon  arrive  at  a  port  where  their  distresses 
woirid  be  relieved. 

M  three  o'clock  in  the  morning  on  the  ISth  of  June,  to  their 

inexpressible  jojr,  the  island  of  Timor  was  discoTsred;  and  on  the 

14th  they  arrived  at  the  Dutch  settlement  of  Conpang.    Nothins 

could  exceed  the  friendly  and  hospitable  reception  they  BMt  wito 

^om  the  governor,  Mr.  Van  Este,  who  was  lying  a^Mt  at  the 

g>int  of  death;  he  regretted  that  his  infirmity  should  |mvent  him 
om  oiBeiatiog  as  a  Iriend  himself,  but  assured  Mr.  Biwh  that  be 
would  give  such  orders,  as  should  procure  him  and  hismlow  suf- 
ferers every  assistance  in  his  power;  he  accordingly  committed 
them  to  the  care  of  Mr.  Wanjen,  his  son-ic-law,  who,  with  the 
other  princi;)al  persons  of  Coupaw,  rendered  their  situation  eom- 
ibrtable  during  the  time  they  staia  among  them. 

Mr.  Bligh  presented  the  governor  a  formal  account  of  the  loss 
of  the  Bounty;  and  a  requisition  .in  his  Majesty's  name,  that  in- 
itructions  might  be  sent  to  all  the  Dutch  settlements,  to  stop  the 
•hip  if  she  should  touch  at  any  of  them;  with  a  list  anddeacription 
of  the  mutineers. 

A  short  tine  after  their  arrival  at  Coupang,  by  the  humane  and 
kind  attention  of  the  Dotch  inhabitants,  they  uid  so  much  rwverad 
their  health,  and  strength,  that  Mr.  Bligh  purchased  a  sobo^r 
fyt  one  thousand  rix  dwlars,  to  convey  them  to  Batavia  before  the 
October  fleet  sboidd  sail  for  Europe.  This  vessel  was  naapad.  the 
Basouree;  and  by  the  afsistance  and  friendship  of  Vb.  #a^en, 
(to  whose  liberal  and  hospitaUa  treatment  they  were,  all  mpehiiH 
debted),  Mr.  Bligh  was  able  to  procure  four  hra«s  swiveb,  Ammt- 
teen  irtaiid  of  arms,  and  some  ammunition,  which  was  aeeesQury 
to  protect  them  against  the  pirates  who  infest  the  coast  of  Java. 

On  the  90th  of  July,  Mr.  David  Nelson,  the  botanist  died  «f 
■n  inflammatory  fever;  he  was  a  man  much  respected,  and  of  «<fit 
•eientific  knowledp^e. ,  litis  was  his  second  voyage  totiM  mutik 
fieas  in  the  capacitor  of  botanist. 

The  schooner  being  ready  for  sea,  on  the9|0th  of  Augaat  J§t, 
Bligh  and  his  crew  took  en  i^tioimte  leave  of  their  bene^ftton, 
and  sailed  from  Coupapg,  with  the  launsh  thatkpd  ptffMvad 
their  lives,  in  tow. 

On  the  1  St  of  October  they  arrived  in  Batavia  toad.  The  nwt 
day  Mr.  Bligh  was  taken  so  extremely  ill,  that  he  w#a  ebliged  to 
be  moved  into  the  country.  Shortly  after  the  Diuitah  surgasiH 
general  represented  to  hun  that  his  complaint  was  of  sww  a 
iiature,  that  unless  he  quitted  the  air  of  Batavia,  it  might  pf<Ma 
^t|l.  In  Qonsequeace  of  this,  Mr.  Bimh  apf lied  to  the  goveftar- 
0iimH  for  permisiion  to  return  to  ]^n>pe  by  tha  ^  wM 


I  nuuny  iImw«3 

3h  oMd  every 
i  tbem  with  a 
I  their  dietretws 

.  Jnae,  to  their 

tred;  aodoatbe 

tapeof  •    Nothioff 

|on  tbej  net  with 

ahiMMt  at  the  . 

, dd  prevent  Urn 

Mr.  Blightbathe 
land  bis  fellow  saf- 
^rdingiy  comoiitted 
J,  who,  with  the 
sir  situation  eom- 

lecount  of  the  loss 
,  's  name,  that  in> 
lemeats,  to  stop  the 
list  and  deecription 

bythehanMuennd 
so  much  reoovered 
rchased  a  schooner 
>Batavia  before  the 
essel  waaaanedihe 
lip  of  JHIr.  Wi^;en, 
17  were  all  npeh  In- 
bra«8  awiveb,  fitw- 
rhieh  was  neeea«Mjr 
the  coast  of  Java, 
be  botanist  difsd  ef 
ipeeted,  andpfjmit 
royage  totfM  OQiuth 

MXh  of  Aiigort  Bfr. 
of  their  bene^on, 
that.hpd  ptftmwtd 


ivia  road.  The  1 
It  he  wfs  oUixed  4o 
the  Dutch  surgOMk- 
aint  was  of  simhi  a 
*via,  it  might  pKMe 
liedtothegownwr- 
by  tbe  ~ 


iq^.o^^tlM  pomt  of  sailing;  zhieh  being  graatod,  ha  toolt  U* 
pass&ge  on  board  a  Putcb  packet,  and  saibd  from  Batavia  on  tlm 
16tb  of  October,  1789;  the  governor  promising  him  that  the  re> 
mainder  of  his  crew  should  be  sent  home  by  the  earliest  opportno 
nity.  On  the  14tb  of  March,  1790,  he  arnved  in  England.  Out 
*  of  the  nineteen  who  were  in  the  boat  when  she  left  the  ship,  opl? 
twelve  lived  to  return  to  their  native  country. 

l^e  tide  of  public  a|>plause  set  as  stronghr  in  &vor  of  Bligh, 
on  aioeciint  of  bis  sufferings  and  the  successful  issue  of  his  daring 
enterprise,  as  its  indignation  was  launched  against  Christian  and 
bis  associates,  for  the  audacious  aiid  criminal  deed  the  v  bad  com- 
mitted. Bligh  was  promoted  by  the  Admiralty  to  the  rank  of 
commander,  and  speedily  sent  out  a  second  time  to  traaaport  the 
bread-fruit  to  the  West  indies,  which  he  without  the  least  obatrae- 
tion,  successfully  accomplished;  and  bis  mai«sty's  government  waa 
no  sooner  made  acquainted  with  the  atrocious  act  of  piracy  and 
mutiny,  than  it  determined  to  adopt  every  possible  means  to  ap- 

ttrehend  and  bring  to  condigA  punishment  the  perpetrators  of  so 
bul  a  deed.  For  this  purnose,  the  Pandora  fVigate  of  twfnty- 
four  guns,  and  one  bunorea  and  sixty  men,  was  despatched,  under 
the  eonunand  of  Captain  Edward  Edwards,  with  orders  to  proceed 
in  the  first  instance  to  Otaheite,  and,  not  finding  the  mutineers 
there,  to  visit  the  different  groups  of  the  Society  and  Friendly 
Islands,  and  others  in  ^he  neighborinf(  parts  of  the  Faeifie, 
using  his  best  endeavors  to  seize  and  bring  home  in  confiaemuit 
the  whole  or  such  part  of  the  delinquents  as  he  might  be  abk  to 
discover. 

This  voyage  was  in  the  sequel  almost  aa  disastroua  aathat  ff  • 
thia  Bounty,  out  from  a  diifferent  cause.  The  waste  of  human  lUb 
was  much  greater,  occasioned  by  the  wreck  of  the  ship,  in  return- 
ing ;  and  the  distress  experienced  by  the  crew  was  not  much  lais, 
owing  to  the  famine  and  thirst  they  had  to  suffer  in  a  navigation 
of  eleven  hundred  miles  in  open  boats;  but  the  captain  aucceedpd 
in  fulfilling  a  part  of  his  instructions,  by  taking  fourteen  of  the 
mutineers,  of  whom  ten  were  brought  safe  to  England,  the  other 
four  being  drowned  when  the  ship  was  wrecked.  Soon  after  their 
arrival,  a  court-martial  assembled  to  try  the  prisoners,  on  board 
hie  a^ieptf 's  ship  JDuke,  on  the  19th  September,  1792.  Agiiaat 
■even  of  the  ten  the  charges  of  mutiny  were  proved,  and  they  warn 
a^mlged  worthy  of  death;  two  <tf  tnam,  bwever,  Peter  HW' 
wood  and  James  Morrison  were  earnestly  recomroanded  by  Im 
eotfrt  to  his  majestv'e  SMfcy,  and  they  wer*  pardoned  according- 
ly,  He/ wood,  who  at  the  tine  of^the  mutiny  wee  birt  sizteea 
years  oragOi^was  very  bcmorably  and  foUy  acquitted  in  publie 
opinion  of  anv  pfrticipatien  in  the  deed,  aud  be  afterwards  roaa 
to  dbtia«tioB,  witbtntf  any  invidious  susj^ion  baiog  attaehed  tp 
bin.  He  died  in  the  year  1831,  leaving  behind  him  a  high  •ml 
tinWwiiJlfd  flbwa«t«r  in  thai  mine%  «r  vkUk  ha  «m  a  mjH 


mmmmfi 


ipiiMpal 


I 


hfloenibl*,  iot^if«|t,  apKi  d)tHagai«h«di|MBib«r.   Th«r«nini«| 
five  of  tii«  Qonvitta  were  hung  panuant  to  sentence. 

Tweoi^  f—n  hed  passed  ewej,  end  the  Bounty,  and  Fletcher 
Christian,  aad  tiie  piratical  crew  diet  he  had  earned  off  with  him 
in  thiat  diip,  had  long  ceased  to  occupy  a  thought  in  the  public 
mind.  It  Happened  howeveir,  that  an  accidental  discovery,  as  in- 
teresting as  it  was  wholly  unexpected,  was  brought  to  light  in  coa- 
sequence  of  eo  American  tradmg  vessel  having,  by  mere  chance, 
apjproaehed  one  of  those  nqmeroMs  'islands  in  the  Pacific,  against 
wmee  steep  and  iron-bound  shore  tiie  surf  almost  everlaMii^ 
rolls  with  rach  tremendous  violence  a  i  to  bid  defiance  to  any  tt-^ 
temple  iti  beats  te  hnd,  except  at  particular  times  and  in  very  Ibw 
{daece. 

(^ptain  Folger,  of  the  American  brig  Topaz,  of  Boston,  in 
Septctmber,  1806,  landed  on  Pitcairn's  Island  in  latitude  96"  9 
south,  longitude  ISO*  west,  where  he  found  an  Englishman,  of 
the  name  of  Alexander  Smith,  the  only  person  remaming  of  nine 
that  bad  escaped  in  the  Bounty.  Smitn  related  that,  after  put- 
ting Captain  JHigh  in  the  boat.  Christian  took  command  of  the 
fhip  and  went  to  Otaheite,  where  many  of  the  crew  left  her,  eX' 
cept  Christiao,  Smith,  and  seven  others,  who  each  took  wives, 
UM  six  Otaheitan  men-eervants,  and  shortly  after  arrived  at  Pit*- 
eaim's  lidand,  where  aer  ran  the  ship  ashore  and  broke  her  up; 
this  erent  took  place  in  the  ;|rcar  1790. 

AMUt  <bur  years  after  their  arrival  ^a  great  jealownr  ejdsting), 
t^e  Otaheitans  socretlv.  revolted,  and  killed  every  EofflishiMUi 
exfceei  Smith,  whom  thejr  severely  wounded  in  the  neefc  wi^  f^ 

[nam  ball.  The  same  night,  the  widows  of  the  deceased  itii|fi*' 
isiyben  arose  and  put  to  death  the  whole  of  the  OtaheitsM, 
leaving  Smith  the  only  man  alive  upon  the  island,  with  eicht  olr 
niae  women  «Bid  several  smaH  chiMreii.  On  his  recovery,  he  ap> 
piiMl  himself  to  tillipf  the  ground,  so  tfiat  it  now  produced  pl<n(ity 
of  yams,  eoeoa^notf,  bananas  .and  plantains;  hogs  and  poultry  in 
tfntndance.  There  ^re  soiflie  grewnmp  men  and  women,  Cfatt- 
drea>of  tim  mutineer*,  on  the  isltud,  the  whole  population  amonnt- 
lag  to  fbont  thiity-five,  who  acknowledged  Smith  asfiuhet  and 
coaaaaader  of  them  all;  they  all  spoke  £nglish^  and  had  besa 
educated  by  him  in  a  jumral  aad  religious  way. 

It  was  iwaerted  by  ^  seooad  mate  of  the  Topaa,  that  CWb* 
tian,  tfie  rii^^lea^er  jecaoM  tosaae  riiortly  after  taki|ig  op  hie 
dHsde  ea  the  ifliimd,  aad  tfirew  himself  oflTtlie  rocks  loto  IhceH^ 
II'  is  dear  enough  that  th|s  nriaguided  aad  ttl-ftted  yotmg  maak 
iNm  aiver  hap)rjr  after  the  rash  aad  criminal  step  he  Jtad  taliw. 
He  was  tdwaya  sullen  and  aioreee,  and  coannitMM  so  many  ijola 
afwaatoB  opprsipien  fa  verv  soon  inoarred  the  hatred  of  hb 
MHpialeni.  Aeeeritfac  .to  ipe  aeeoaiMl  of  filfiith,  or  aa  he  lipa 
mm  cliM.lelMk  ldU%  %  9m£iJt  GhHstiaa's  deaiir  «^ 


3Mi. 


hM, 


ud  Fleteber 
doffwUhhim 
in  the  publie 
lovery,  u  in- 
light  in  coQ- 
mere  diui6e, 
ifio,  ig^nit 
wwUmiaf^ 
I  to  nnytt-' 
in  very  few 


and 


of  Botton,  in 

latitude  3»*r 

ngUahman,  of 

mainiag  of  nine 

that,  after  pot- 

onunand  of  the 

rew  left  her,  ez« 

Bach  took  wtvee, 

r  arrived  at  Pit^ 

broke  bar  np; 


nd 


ealoiunr  elating), 
very  EiwHshiMUi 
the  «•«  Willi  > 
le  deceased  Ba|^ 
f  the  Otaheitate, 
ind,  with  eicht  or 
I  recovery,  be  .a|p> 
r  produced  pl«iit]r 
igs  and  poultry  m 
and  women,  ditt* 
opulatien  amowit- 
litb  aa  fiuhar  and 
ih^a^  bad  beM» 

opax,  that  CWk- 
ler  tiakiiig  op  hia 
ocka  UJAo  Ibc  ««k^, 
-btodyowif  maok 
itep  he  Jiad  tak«a.i 
ttfd  ao  many  m»! 
the  hatred  of  Ml 
litb,  or  aa  bo  f«a 
iatiaa'a  daatft 


Hi 


hl#1i«»<0|  ibiefUy  aeiood  on  the  wlfii  of  one  of  Ao  Qtihohe  i 
ii^ieb  fo'oxasperated  the  reat  that  they  nr>t  only  aought  tho  lill 
of  the  oflTender,  but  of  othera  alao  iriio  might,  aa  they  tnonght,  bo 
diapoaed  to  pursue  the  same  eourae.  The  manner  of  Cbnatiuili 
dettth  BtHl  remains  uncertain;  certain  it  is,  that  bowover  flir  ho 
might  escape  from  the  reach  of  justice  there  waa  no  eaoaping  ftoni 

<•  Thaaa  mJa  bT  ■eomlBiM  Bad  tkaa>  wUoa  af  Maal 


■  TboM  mJ*  of  MonlBiM  Mrf 
WUek  


wkiptgr«Ml 


iHteaim's  Island  waa  viaited  in  1814  by  liis  nuyaa^o  ftigoteo, 
thodBatoo  and  the  Tunw,  by  which  the  account  of  Captain  F^ 
gar  maacaafirmad.    From  the  Uaao  of  Ibia  viait  aotbiiy 


of  ibe  motiaeers  increased  to  sixty*aix;  the  ftoMdoa  woro 
modoat,  handaorae  and  pleasing,  and  the  malea  added  a  wonderfiit 
degree  of  strength  and  agility  to  a  beautiful  aymmetry  of  lbni< 
Adams  \u4  introduced  intoiiis  little eodety,  the  moat  aalotary 
law*  and  regulatiooa,  which  be  had  drawn  IhMPi  tho  iuM»,  ppd 
s^omid  desirous  to  atone  for  hia  papt  miaeonduct  1^  t/^iimgfip 
tl^  xiaiM  geoorotion  b  pietv  and  vtrtoo.  tha  da(«b.^.^#ld 
patnansf  took  |>lace  in'  March,  1999,  and  he  o^  aiMoiqily 
IiMMntod  by  the  iofimt  odony.  It  htp  *««ptly  Jbfiii  .jlfitM'jjfiio 
ihAt  Awing  to  »  defintfaey  jrI*  o^tor  M'-mi§im*a 
Aiydoodante  of  tto  jn^inaom  bod  j^r ^-^  ^- 

rj«^4ho  laiiM49ip.4ii9rJ^     ^ 

, ._ '' '""::"'  ':i::z"::":: r-m» 


fHP  ••iHyy|)4fq^  WM- 


Tt^im  iplanda  lie  abojit  fifteen  teagooa  north-ooat  of  tibo^0i^- 

am,  belweoii  lhe4Hfy-nintb  ond  abity-firil  da|reoa  of  oorth  lalir 
0.  They  are  abont  efyhty-aix  in  number,  of  whieb  ft«ty  Oro 
inhibit^,  and  the  otiiera  are  small  hohns  or  tocky  Mats,  need  only 
for  piatuiilwo.  The  amall  ialanda  e^FOola  iod  FaFr  Mo  lie  in  tbO 
strait  boti^tttfaeduatera  of  Orkney  and  Shetland.  The  oKnaio 
of  t^aa  ialanda  eaittol  be  said  to  bo  agreod»le.  Tho  wbather  w 
wM  fen»i»;itr(dilo,  though  hot  ^riewrlo  tho  l^ei^  of  thbao  Wift 
bi^  KMn  aecuatMwd lo  It. 
<p^^abera  of  %nifii^  brod^U  *'^7-#^ 

haiii^iiltflMtholaiioatdoiMtaDMiolovMibMida.    TbokllMl^ 


! 


i  ; 


PI 

HmyhiJUt  ♦IfK^J*  robiut  Mid  Uboriow  raes,  and  kotplMMsl* 
Mniqgwt.  They  have  fewmanufiicturet,  but  axport  crMt  quaol^ 
Um  of  stockings  wrought  upon  wiros,  manufiMtured  u«a  tM  wool 
of  tikoir  own  jbeep. 

Tbo  isles  afforo  abundance  of  seaifowl,  which  serve  the  iahalK 
Hants  for  part  of  their  food,  while  the  down  and  feathers  are  a 
wuree  of  considerable  profit  to  them.  The  several  tribes  of  fowl 
here  build  and  hatch  apart.  Some  of  the  leeser  isles  are  so  crowd« 
^  with  variety  of  searfowl,  that  their  dfirken  the  air  when  tiior  fly, 
la  great  numbers.  The  people  iainabiting  the  lesser  isles  nave 
•leihr  of  eggs,  and  fowl,  which  ceatribote  to  maintain  theit  fiuai* 
uoa  fwriag  the  summer.  The  common  people  aie  generalllf  vonr 
4exteroae  in  climbing  the  rocks  in  quest  of  the  egga  and  flnrf; 
but  this  exercise  is  attSnded  with  great  danger,  and  somotiassa 
proves  fatal  to  those  who  venture  too  for.  The  most  remarkable 
•speriment  of  this  sort  is  at  the  isle  called  the  Noes  of 
•M  b  «s  foltows: 


;|iM  NooB  being  about  aii-taon  folhom  distant  from 
the  oapoefte  bmub;  the  higher  and  tower  rocks  have  two  stsMP 
foilaned  ineaeb  of  them,  and  to  tbeee  there  are  ropos  tied:  mm 
Iha  reaw  is  bung  ra  engine  vriri^  they  call  a  cndhl  Md  la  lHa 
a  mm  Bud"*  Ui  **J  »▼•'  ^fom  the  greater  to  the  liipur  svjdi. 
ai|ioro  bo  takes  a  coaiiderable  quantity  of  eggs  and  ftMrIi  bat  bp 
lalaiabdbgby  u  aseeat,  makes  k  more  daageroos.  ttMMiab  dwM 
M  tbo  great  rock  Have  a  rope  tied  to  the  cradle,  bj  wbiib  |bW 
;  iiffd  tbf  ,aNiyy«^  «^.for.tba  mmMff- 


^mik-mtMtam. 


hwpHilihto 

ttiBOi  toe  wool 

ffve  Um  hdub- 
feathcn  ar*  a 
tribes  of  foni 
are  so  erowd- 
r  when  ther  fly, 
aeer  isles  We 
stain  theit  fawr 
» generalllj  my 
eggs  and  flnri; 


remarkaUe 
Nossof 


shave  two  sta|i#p 
e  ropes  tied:  mm 
Bradkii  apdlifWe 
»  tbejMftwIi. 
I  and  Anrtt  Jbm  hfi 
rolls,  thoafh  thai* 
dle.h7wU^lMr 


UOmmMgki  w*  the  waf  of  eltaMiif  them  i#.  ts  tit  •  rope 
about  a  nan's  middto  and  let  him  down  with  a  baahct,  in  whieh 
he  brings  op  bis  Mgs  and  fowl.  The  isle  of  Foula  is  the  oNSt 
dangerous  and  firtalto  the  climbers,  tor  many  of  them  perish  ia  the 
attempt. 


AMEA-BALLAO. 


AJoily  eoontdi  in  th*  poft,  ■  fewlMi  onlt  at  iM : 
WhM  1  ftt(M  that,  t»  aiv  huid  Mm  my  tha  oatlMi  hs! 
And  my  aj  gaUsBt  batdc-tif  be  ■tariekra  down  ia  ■hima, 
If.  whan  the  MBlal  can  goea  nraaJ,  I  fliU  to  pMga  thy  naou 
UpiUtaylMia!  hia namofy !  wa'O giva it wdl a ebear— 
Nad  Mleo,  thaaomaaaiidar  oftba  Black  Snake  privataar! 


l^iBar  Ntd!  he  had  a  heart  ofaleal,  with  neither  flaw  nor  aMSki 
Una  aa  a  rank,  la  airilb  or  atorat,  he  atood  the  qouterHMl ; 
■b:w^,  I  trow,  a  welaoaia  aHur  to  aiaay  aa  Inttan  dawa, 
Aidtliawrih  Hanteaa  uami  theawalTaa  at  wiriaper  of  hiaeaaiat 
Mt  1^,  Januiaa  gutb  nnyf  weap— rich  Don  wtsawlx  -milf 
naiMI  will  take  no  priie  again,  aor  e'er  loach  ladiaa  iaia  I 

HUaod!  tWaaaeontyflilaheiaetoBhieewnmotherwi 
^1  fte  Jw  off,  the  alona  aileeo,  and  jwt'  to  And  a  grave! 
Wilh4ptaea  ,ar  the  Peniviaa  fold,  and  a|rirU  of  the  aaae, 
nallMd  wsald  he  have  hadio orniM  in  tropie eliowa  a| 
~  thaia  toainkataea,aadBoinctohuigoai 


to  omiM  ill  tropie  eliawe  agaia  I 
■daM'Slf  laM  to  aink  at  tea,  and  eoinc  to  hug  oaahon, 
ItliiJilB  Id,  Ctod  apaed !  at  hat, and  ^   ^^      "  ' 


amaaieo-i 


-^e  tale  ie  Mttir 
oTaail,  atoekihM 


■poa  aieef^ 


.  mder jTCw  i 
waal-icef^aaaiee  a  good  league  ftwn  land, 
INh  of  hone  and  ne^  werv^  ranged  npon  the  ettaadj 
kat  beflii*.  Cape  Ham,  and,  wiiaaa  old  aaaolk 
-  tan  fbroae,  what  soaM  Hed  BaitawSF 

I  the  veewl  lay  open  the  coral-teafi 
t,  u»  iHendy  fl%  breq^  proapevt  ofrriief ; 

j,-tewild^aaaM*ed,  wboneverpnyedbmte, 

jfaid  whoa  h  eaow  not  at  Ua  nu.  be  bit  hie  Up  and  awon. 
Tpha  Bnanierde  ehouted  ftom  the  beach,  hat  did  not  vantms  nsar 
*Pl^;iMtS(y1nMnr  the  nvfttle  oftho  daring  privateer! 

Aiaiaiiai 


JiTJiiirlillaly  they  took  tbrir  lOiHe  mm  dw  crowded  deefc— 
9^^p-leahed  Bko  nwn  wl^>  hadaoe^^eii,  not  ftaiad,'a  aaddea 

dwbneae  the  ieantk  day— wiray :  away  i  to;«a 
bark,  withriva»plBaka,  over  dto  waMa  ftaa ; 

■(r  aw  aaerBHaa  a  nmo  oB^ymgaiy> 


aHi 


«  JWVS  MOVU  VOO. 


"OwlwHi   iiliillt"L 
AMMho'ikoUoirgnwli 


Wt  Mwra  to  mm,  kv  tMki4,Mi  tet  w«  MMhttil  alloor  nil» 
tlM  wwr*  of  Nad's  riiu  hjiwl  _lliwwmxwi  itriT*  ia  Mtai! 
i,MraMonfiib^piT«MW,i'trraiiniil|«itagiaal      , 


IkMW 

Amiht, 


jSg^^^ 


IUN01R8  OF  A  NOVA  8C0TU  FOG. 


at  OiTTAllI  HALt. 


Thar*  va  few  things  more  prorokiog  than  tha  fop  off  Kalifts, 
for,  aa  thar  li*PPaa  to  ba  ettai^ioaa  m  that  wtf  wwd,  tha  imm- 
aatt,  whioii  ia  tna  boat  for  roaninf  in,  tha  aavuntar  ii  plag«d 
with  tha  tanaaatina  eoneiaaMiaaa,  that  if  ha  aoaM  ba  ailowatf  bat 
a  aoupla  onnMra  m  daar  waathar,  hia  pert  would  ba  aahwd,  iad 
hia  trooblaa  otar.  The  claaring  up,  tbeirafora,  of  theae  bdioua 
elottds  or  vaila  is  about  tha  meet  deliilitiul  thing  I  know;  and  tha 
imtaatanaous  efibet  which  aalaar  sight  of  tha  land,  or  atanof  tha 
sharp  boriian,  whan  for  at  aaa,  haf  im  tha  Aind  of  wf9*y  aaribo 
OB  heard,  is  quite  ramarbAla.  All  thinga  look  bright.  iNMl.  4nd 
voM  baaatiftti  thu  avinr.  The  stir  over  tha  whole  ahip  at  tfieae 
OMflMBts  is  so  great  that  even  persons  sitting  below  ean  tall  at 
aoaathat  the  fog  hea  eleared  awaj.  The  rapid  elanar  «f  tha 
nan'a  foet,  springing  up  the  hatehwajrs  at  tha  Itreljr  aamil  Of  the 
baatawaina  eall  to  "nuika  sail!"  soon  fellows.  Then  eooMa  tha 
chaerfel  roiea  of  the  oAtar,  hailing  the  tapuMO  la  ahaha  aot  Aa 
raaft,  trice  aphtha  staj  aails,  and  rig  aui  the  boons.  That  pait* 
liar  and  wall  known  kind  of  echo,  also,  by  whiah  the  aouad  of  thr 
▼aiaa  ia  thrown  baek  from  tha  wet  safla,  cottMbutaa  in  lUkkmiik 

'  of  spirits, , 


- 


roo. 


bgsoffKaUftf. 

iniid.tb««aiiife- 

Bt«r  Itf  flwrnmi 
b%  aitowti  ktt 
be  gtincd,  iad 

of  tb««e  onoiii 
I  know;  wmUkm 
id,or«v«nortte 

of  evert  Mtiiw 
>rlglit.lNiAi.4iMl 
lole  eliipittBMe 
below  CM  tell  at 
id  elaner  <(r  tlw 
rely  ManA  of  Ike 
Tkea  enaeetiM 


itoahakeeottiw 
nH.  ThaifMMM- 
I  the  wmad  «f  thr 
Nitee  in  li&4  >#• 
•ler»Ii 
faoMilifr. 


of.  H 

flitttbffO  lifdii- 
loMlenBly  WW 

bie  wMMMit^Hi^ 

mefitfraMM" 

tie  wif  e  luBft„«r 
>t  to  work.    If  il 


•9  ArlWVA 

fUrlj  iate  tlio  berbor,  aotwitbelMidiap  tbeobeeorUj,  bj  weiebii 
the  aound  of  these  gone,,  and  attendiag  eloeely  to  the  depth  or 
water.  *"   . 

I  never  was  in  enjr  ship  whieh  Teotared  upon  tbie  fbat,  bat  I 
perfectly  recollect  a  eurioue  circoiaetaace.  whieh  oecored,  I  think, 
to  bis  majenty's  ship  Canbriao.  She  baf  run  in  firom  eea  towarda 
the  coast,  enveloped  in  one  of  these  dense  fogs.  Of  oonrse  ther 
look  for  granted  that  the  light-house  and  the  adjacent  land  Hal* 
afax  included  were  likewise  covered  with  an  impenetrable  clood 
or  mist.  But  it  so  chanced,  by  what  freak  of  Dame  Nature,  I 
know  not,  that  the  fog,  on  that  day,  waa  confined  to  the  deep 
water,  so  that  we  who  were  in  the  port,  could  see  it  at  the  dietanee 
of  several  miles  from  the  coeat  lying  on  the  oeean  like  a  huge 
stratum  of  snow,  with  an  abrupt  face  fronting  the  shore.  The 
Cambrian,  lost  in  the  midst  of  this  fog  bank,  supposing  herself  to 
be  pear  the  land,  fired  a  gun.  1*0  this  the  light-house  replied; 
and  so  the  ship  and  the  light  went  on  pelting  away,  gaa  for  gM, 
during  half  the  day  without  ever  seeing  one  another.  The  pa^pl* 
at  the  light-house  had  no  meana  of  eommunicating  to  the  uigaie 
that,  if  she  could  only  ptand  on  a  little  farther,  ahe  weald  dieea- 
tangle  heraelf  from  the  cknid,  in  whieh»  like  Jupiter  Olynipua  ef 
oldshe  waa  wasting  her  thunder. 

At  last  the  captau,  hopeleae  of  ita  eleariag  npi  gave  orden  t* 
pipe  to  dinner;  but  as  the  weather,  in' all  rcapeete  except  this  aboni* 
inable  base,  waa  quite  fine,  and  the  ship  waa  still  in  deep  water, 
he  diracted  her  to  be  steered  towarde  the  shore,  and  the  lead  kepi 
eoiMtaotlv  going.  As  one  o'eloek  approached,  hr  egaa  to  foel 
vmtmy,  from  the  water  shoaling,  and  the  light)  use  guna  seuadU 
illg.  closer  and  cloeer;  but,  betne  unwillii^  to  disturb  the  men  al 
dinMr,  he  resolved  to  stantdl  on  nr  the  reniaining  ten  minntee  ef 
the  hour.  Lo  and  behold  I  however,  they  had  not  aailed  half  a 
mile  ftirther  before  the  flying-jib-boen  end  emerged  firom  the  wall 


of  nwat  then  the  bowapnt  shot  into  day  lwht>-and,  laally  the  alua 
heraelf,  glided  out  of  the  elovd  into  th«  Aill  Uase  of  a  bright  ao* 
"  e  holy  day."  All  handa  were  iaataatly  taroed  ap  to 
;  and  the  men,  as  they  flew  oa  deck,  ooold  seareeljr 
believe  thair  sesses,  wb  ' 
ri|^  akMid  the  harbor'i 

br6  OB  the  left,  and,  fiurther  stiU,  the  ahipe  at  their  moorings,  wHk 
tbsic  eaaif  n  jmd  pondaalB  Uowinf  out,  light  a^d  dry  ia  the 
br 


when  they  aawbehiad  them  the  fog  bask, 

mr'a  moalb,  withUie  boM  eiiib  of  Ci^Saat- 


A  ftr  dillWeBt  fote.  alaa!  attended  km  Mi^eahr'b  ship  Atalagte, 
Capt^  Wndmc  Hiek^.  On  the  normag  of  the  10th  of  IH- 
veipber,  IMS,  (b>a  ahip  steed  in  for  Halifox  harbor  ia  vsrr  tWek 
WmAiWt  amffyHj  foawaf  bar  wa^  with  the  lead,  aad  aaviit: 
l»lb<9mmm  ■>  til*  j^b  bsioBi  audi  fora-f  ir4H«aB,«Bd  every  nfcera 

■     iwatiiai 


igS|^Mvj^HIVMV.W  ^■l^^^l^^'  ^^  f^^^S 


tlytihbeoblaiaed^    AS- 


.-.^oy!,'. ;  ^}jm'^^lS»ypiJ^^iiteMJi4!t!!MW^ 


mssm 


Mi 


#9  A  MITA  NUtiA  yW( 


■wlNNWi'lf  tlMi<li9lrt-hoaM0B  Cape  Sambro,  near  wfaieh  It  was 
Ittown  jBay  nntat  be.  Within  a  few  minatee,  accordingly,  a  pun 
was  hetMidB  the  north-nortb-weat  quarter,  exactly  where  the  light 
waa  euppoaed  to  lie.  As  the  soundings  agreed  with  the  estimated 
position  of  the  ship,  and  as  the  guns  from  the  Alalante.  fired  at 
intervala  of  fifteen  minutes,  were  regularly  answered  in  the  direc- 
tion of  the  harbor's  mouth,  it  was  determined  to  stand  on  so  as  to 
eater  the  port  under  the  guidance  of  these  sounds  alone.  By  a 
ftlal  coincidence  of  circumstances,  however,  these  answering  guns 
were  fired  not  by  Cape  Sambro,  but  by  his  Majesty's  ship  Bar- 
rosaa,  which  was  likewise  entangled  by  the  fos.  She,  too,  suppos- 
ed that  she  was  communicating  with  the.  liflht-house,  whereas  it 
was  the  guns  of  the  unfortunate  Atalante  that  she  heard  all  the 
time. 

There  was  certainly  no  inconfiderable  risk  incurred  by  raonina 
in  for  the  harbor's  mouth  under  such  circumstances.  But  it  wiU 
often  happen  that  it  becomes  the  officer's  duty  to  put  his  ship  ns 
well  as  his  life  in  haaard;  and  this  appears  to  nave  been  exactly 
oaa  of  those  cases.  Captain  Hickey  was  charged  with  ui^nt 
despatches  relative  to  the  enemy's  fleet,  which  it  was  of  the  great- 
est importance  should  be  delivered  without  an  hour's  delay.  But 
there  was  every  appearance  of  this  fog  lasting  a  week;  and  as  ho 
•ad  his  ofiieers  had  passed  over  the  ground  a  hundred  times  before, 
•ad  were  as  intimately  acquainted  with  the  spot  as  any  pilot  could 
ba,  it  was  resolved  to  try  the  bold  experiment:  and  the  ship  was 
forthwith  steered  in  the  supposed  direction  of  Halifax. 

They  had  not,  however,  stood  on  far,  before  one  of  the  leekottt 
men  exclaimed,  "breakers  ahead!  Hard  a-starboard!"  But  it  was 
loo  late,  fori  before  the  helm  could  be  put  ever,  the  ship  was 
•aiongat  those  formidable  reefs  known  by  the  name  of  the  sisters' 
rocks,  or  eastern  ledge  of  SSmbro  Island.  The  rudder  and  half 
of  the  sternpost,  together  with  the  greater  part  of  the  fUse  keel, 
were  driven  ofl*  by  the  first  blow  and  floated  up  alone  side.  There 
iiciMM  reason  to  believe,  indeed,  that  a  portion  oi  the  bottom  of 
Hm  ahip,  loaded  with  one  huodred  and  twenty  tons  of  iron  ballast, 
iNm  torn  firora  the  upper  works  by  this  fearral  blow,  and  that  tbo 
■Up,  irfaich  instantly  filled  with  water,  was  afterwards  b«iored  ub 
ofiraly  by  the  empty  casks,  till  the  deeks  and  iides  burst  throii|B 
orworf  riven  asander  by  the  waves. 

Tho  cttptnin  yho,  throughoat  tfie  whole  scene,  eoatimiod  as  eoai> 
poeed  as  if  nothing  remarkable  had  occurred,  now  ordered  the 
gMM  to  be  thrown  overboard,  bat  before  one  of  them  (leuld  be 
eairlo  se,  or  a  breaehiag  oat,  the  ship  All  over  so  much  that  the 
1MB  could  not  stand.  It  waa,  therefore,  with  great  difileolty  that 
«  fow  guas  were  fired  as  ^(ads  of  distress.  la  the  same  breMb 
ifeaitini  order  wasgivaa,  (&ptain  Hickey  dasirad  fhe  yard  taeUia 
t#4M  boakad,  ia  order  tiMtthe  pinaaea  mighl  be  hoistad  otNf; 
Mai  li»  MMtoi  dayilvad  ofttiair  IbMriBtfott;  irira  tottattefjiili 


■^ 


■r  whiehiti 
eoordingljr,  a  ||uii 
Lly  where  the  light 
rith  the  estimtttid 
lAtalante.  fired  at 
rered  in  the  direo- 
•tand  on  so  as  to 
linds  alone.     By  a 
»e  answeriiig  suds 
Jajetty's  ship  Bar- 
She,  too,  euppot- 
-houee,  whereaa  it 
•he  heard  all  the 

nourred  br  raonins 
ancea.  But  it  wiu 
ty  to  put  hia  ahip  m 
have  been  exactly 
harged  with  ui|;eat 
lit  was  of  the  great* 
I  hour's  delay.  But 
;  a  week;  and  as  ho 
undred  times  before, 
K>t  as  any  pilot  eould 
nt :  and  the  ship  was 
Halifax. 

re  one  of  the  loiAoat 
ftrboard!"  But  it  was 
,  ever,  the  shij)  was 
»  name  of  the  sisters' 
The  rudder  and  half 
art  of  the  false  keel, 
p  along  side.  Therv 
tion  of  the  bottom  of 

J  tons  of  iron  ballast, 
I  blow,  and  that  tKe 
ifterwards  biiorad  ub 
id  Hides  bant  throa|^ 

tt«,  eontimied  as  e«m> 
red,  now  ordered  tlM 
rne  of  them  «oald  bf 
over  so  much  that  tht 
th  great  difieulty  that 
la  the  same  breadi 
irirad  ihe  yard  taeUiii 
■ight  b«  hoisted  oM; 
A^wiNtottMteiJMm 


MHWIM  m  A  WTA  StOliA  VOflk 

■de  to  dde,  the  people  were  called  down  again.  The  quutar 
boats  were  then  lowered  into  the  water  with  some  difficulty,  .but 
the  jolly  boat,  which  happened  to  be  on  the  poop  undergoing  rev 
pairs,  in  being  launched  overboard,  struck  against  one  of  the  ftem 
davits,  bilged,  and  went  down.  The  ship  was  now  falling  fast  over 
on  her  beam  ends,  and  directions  were  given  to  cut  away  her  fore 
and  main-mast.  Fortunately,  they  fell  without  injuring^  the  large 
boat  on  the  booms — their  grand  hope.  At  the  instant  ot  this  crash, 
the  ship  parted  in  two  between  tho  main  and  mizen-masts;  and, 
within  a  few  seconds  afterwards,  she  again  broke  right  across,  ba- 
tween  the  fore  and  main-masts:  so  that  the  poor  Atalante  now  form- 
ed a  mere  wreck,  divided  into  three  pieces,  crumbling  into  smaller 
fragments  at  every  send  of  the  swell. 

By  this  time  a  considerable  crowd  of  men.  had  got  into  the  pin* 
nace  on  the  booms  i^  hopes  that  she  might  float  off  as  the  ship 
sunk;  but  Captain  Hickey,  seeing  that  the  boat  was  so  loadea 
that  she  could  never  swim,  desired  some  twenty' men  to  <^uit  her; 
and,  what  is  partxularly  worthy  of  remark,  his  orders,  which  were 

fiven  with  perfect  coolness,  were  as  promptly  obeyed  as  ever, 
'hroughout  the  wljole  of  these  trying  moments,  indeed,  the  disei* 
pline  of  the  ship  appears  to  have  been  maintained  not  only  witboat 
the  smallest  trace  of  insubordination  but  with  a  degree  of  cheer- 
fulness which  is  described  as  truly  wonderful.  Even  when  tha 
masts  fell,  the  sound  of  the  crashing  spars  were  drowned  in  tb« 
animating  hozzars  of  the  undaunted  crew,  though  they  were  thm 
clinging  to  the  weather  gunwale,  with  the  sea,  from  time  to,  time, 
making  a  clean  breach  over  them,  and  when  they  were  expecting 
every  instant  to  be  carried  to  the  bottom! 

As  soon  as  the  pinnace  was  relieved  from  the  pressure  of  th« 
crowd,  she  floated  off  the  booms  or  rather  was  knocked  off  by  • 
sea,  which  turned  her  bottom  upwards,  and  whelmed  her  into 
the  surf  aniidst  the  fragments  of  the  wreck.  The  people  however, 
imitating  the  gallant  bearing  of  tbeii  cautsin,  and  keeping  their 
e^es  fixed  upon  him,  never  for  one  instant  lost  thoir  self  possesaiim. 
By  dint  of  great  exertions,  thev  succeeded  not  only  in  rightiag 
the  boat  but  disentangled  her  nrom  the  confused  hemp  of  span, 
aiWl  the  dash  of  the  breakers,  so  as  to  place  her  at  a  little  distance 
&oni  the  wreck  where  they  waited  for  further  orders  firom  the 
captain,  who  with  about  forty  men,  still  clung  to  the  poor  ramatitt 
of  the  gay  Atalante  onee  so  much  admired! 

An  attempt  was  uext  made  to  construct  a  raft,  as*  it  waa  feared 
the  three  boats  could  not  possibly  carry  all  hands;  but^a 
violence  of  the  ncavea  prevented  this,  and  it  was  resolved  to  tISt 
to  the  boata  alone,  though  they  were  already  to  all  appaaranae 

auite  ftiU.  It  was  now,  however  absolutely  necessary  to  take  to 
lam,  as  the  wrack  was  disappearing  rapidly;  and  in  order  to 
pack  eioae,  nM»t  of  the  men  were  reraovea  to  the  pinnace,  wbare 
0%  laidte  itt  th^boitom.  like  barringa  im  a  barrel,  while  tim  wa0i 

tl 


M 


t  ■ 


•AlMMM  or  A  ir«TA  tCOTU  wtm. 


*>"% 


kMli  rataraed  to  pick  off  the  reat.  This  wm  no  tuj  nattor'fai 
MQf  ease,  while  it  was  -impoMible  in  others;  so  thct  many 
iMi  had  to  awim  for  it;  others  were  dragged  through  the  WB?ea 
by  ropes,  and  some  were  forked  off  by  oars  and  other  small 
•pars. 

Amongst  the  crew  there  was  one  famous  merry  fellow,  a  black 
fiddler,  who  was  discovered  at  this  critical  jusieture  clinging  to  the 
BMun  chains  with  his  beloved  Cremona  squeezed  tightly  but  deli" 
ealely  under  his  arm — a  ludicrous  picture  of  distress,  and  a  oubject 
•f  some  joking  amongst  the  men  even  at  this  moment.  It  soon  be- 
eame  absolutely  necessary  that  he  should  lose  one  of  the  two  thingf 
lus  fiddle  or  his  life.  So,  at  last,  after  a  painful  struggle,  the  pro- 
fcssor  and  his  violin  were  obliged  to  part  company! 

Xhe  pinnace  now  contained  seventy-nine  men  and  one  woman, 
the  cutter  forty-two  and  the  gig  eighteen,  with  which  cargoes  they 
barely  floated.  Captain  Hickey  nras,  of  course,  the  last  man  who 
left  tne  wreck;  though  such  was  \he  respect  and  affection  feh  fitr 
bfan  by  his  crew,  that  those  who  stood  along  with  him  on  this  last 
featage  of  the  snip,  evinced  the  greatest  relu^nce  at  Ieavin|(  their 
oomoMnder  in  such  a  perilous  predicament.  So  speedy  indeed 
was  the  work  of  destruction,  that  by  the  time  the  Captain  was 
fidily  in  the  boat,  the  wreck  had  alipost  entirely  '  meltaid  into  the 
jMt  of  waves.'  The  crew,  however,  gave  her  three  heai)y  eheera 
••  she  went  down,  and  then  finally  abandoned  the  scattensd  A«g> 
flMtts,  of  what  had  been  thei?  house  and  home  for  nearly  seven 
yMua* 

Hi*  ibg  still  eontinoed  as  thick  as  ever;  the  biaaolee  had 
both  baen  washed  overboard,  and  no  eompass  eould  be  proctnrad. 
At  the  wind  was  still  light,  there  was  great  diffieulty  in  itetring 
ia  a  straight  line.  Had  there  been  a  oreese,  it  would  pavhapa 
have  been  easier  to  have  shaped  a  course.  In  this  diloauM  a  hh 
aourea  was  hit  upon,  which  for  a  time  answered  pretty  w«U  to 
Mdde  them.  It  being  known  loosely,  before  leaving  the  wrack, 
w  wbat  direction  the  land  was  sitaated,  the  three  boato  ware  placed 
la  a  row  pointing  that  way.    The  sternmost  boat  then  quitted  hw 


tardy  HMthod  of  proceeding  however  answered  0Blyfi>r  a  ttoa; 
al  length  they  were  completely  at  leas  which  way  to  ytaer.  ftaatsa 
1^  tbs  moment  of  greatest  need,  an  old  quarterHwastar,.8Bmiial 
■pka  by  same,  reeoUeetad  that  at  the  and  of  hia  watch  ekab 
ilMta  b(M«  a  small  compass  seal.  This  preeio'uo  diaeovary  waa 
I  to  tl«s  other  boats  by  a  joyous  shout  firon  the  pinaaea. 


JT^i 


elark; 


>  being  speedily  handed  iojto  thaffb^,  to  tha  aapiain, 
ep  of  tba  abrooooMter,  wbiek  bad  bean 


^■obliraaiwd 


"IWWWII"l"<"fW'" 


jfellow,  a  bliek 
clinging  to  Un 
ghtljr  but  deli- 
I,  audaiubject 
,it.  It  loon  be- 
-»fthetwothingf 
niggle,  the  pro* 
r! 

ind  one  womu, 
eheargoettbey 
lie  leet  man  who 
affection  feh  for 
himonthulmt 
eat  leaving 0»«ir 

0  apeedjr  lodead 
he  Captain  wai 
•  molted  into  the 
ree  htwdj  ehaen 
le  ecattered  firag- 

for  nearly  ■■▼an 

the  binnelaalMid 
Duld  b*  procwad. 
Heulty  la  atowring 
it  w«al4  paAapa 
thwdUaoMMftra- 
red  pretty  ^wU  to 
laving  tha  wrtck, 

1  boala  ware  placed 
It  then  quitted  nwr 
ame  in  a  line  ^th 
fliraatobalMlin 
owed  ahead.  astlM 
•t  tha  other.    This 
d  only  for  a  tiOM; 
'toftaar.  R^Jj 
terHO(iaalar,lamMi 
orhia««tok  «lMdD 
iona  diaeorary  waa 
ifromthepioBM*. 
,irig,totha«apliM. 


needle  ramaitted  upon  it  rafieieatly  iteady  for  ■tearing  the  beibi 
withia  a  fow  points. 

Tbia  was  enough  to  insure  hitting  lend,  from  iHiich  they  had 
been  steering  quite  wide.  Before  reaching  the  shore,  they  foil  in 
with  an  old  fisherman,  who  piloted  them  to  a  light,  called  Portu- 
guese Cove,  where  they  all  landed  in  safoty,  at  a  ditttaaee  of 
twenty  miles  from  Halifiut. 


THE  EDDYSTONE  UOHT-HOUSE. 


This  roost  celebrated  light-house  is.  built  on  the  Edd/stc 
reeks.  These  are  situate  nearly  south-south-west  from  the  mid- 
dle of  Plymouth  sound,  England,  according  to  the  true  menidiaa 
The  distance  from  the  port  of  Plymouth  is  nearly  fourteen  isilea; 
and' from  the  promontoi^  called  Ramhead,  about  ten  miles.  Thay 
ar«  almost  in  the  line,  but  somewhat  within  it,  which  joins  tha 
Start  and  theLisard  points;  and  as  they  lie  nearly  in  the  directioa 
of  veas  i?  t  ttiifig'  .op  and  down  the  channel,  they  were  necessari- 
ly, befa:  ;■  e  tablidiBMnt  of  light-houses,  very  dangerous,  and 
often  fol^  «"'.pe  under  such  oireumstancee.  Their  situation, 
likewise,  '  ..gatdto  the  Bay  of  Biscay,  and  the  Atlaatie  Ocean, 
is  such,  that  they  lie  open  to  the  swells  of  the  bay  and  ocean  from 
all  aoath-western  points  of  the  eonipsifiiif|luoh  swells  are  generiUly 
allowed  by  mariners  to  bf  very  great  and  heavy  in  theee  seat,  aad 
partiaulariy  in  the  Bar  of  Biscay.  It  is  to  be  ohetMryid  that  tha 
Bottndkms  of  the  sea  from  the  south-westward,  toward  the  Eddy- 
stone,  ar«  from  eighty  fathoms  to  forty,  and  every  where  till  yact 
come  near.tiia  Eddystoae,  the  eea  is  full  thirty  fathoms  ia  depth; 
so  that  ati  tha  heavy  eeas  from  the  south-west  come  oneoatroUad 
upon  the  'Eddystone  rocks,  and  break  on  them  wkh  the  utOMat 
fury. 

The  fovee^nd  height  of  theee  eeaa  ie  increased  by  the  eirenm- 
■taoea  of  tha  rooks  stretching  acroee  the  channel,  in  a  north  nd 
south- diraation,  to  the  length  of  above  one  hundrisd  fhthone,  aad 
by  their  fyingia.a  sloping  manner  toward  the  eouth-waet  quarter. 
Thte  striving  of  the  rocke,  as  it  ia  ttohnioally  ealled,  does  not 
cease  at  low  wateri  but  still  goes  on  progressively;  so  that,  at  fifty 
fkthoms  waatward,  there  are  twelve  fhtbome  water,  nor  do  tNir 
tennhiata  altogether  at  the  distano*  of  a  mile.  From  tbie  adW* 
Aguratien  it  happens,  that  the  seaa  are  swelled  to  t&ch  a  dagr«t 
ia  storms  and  bhrd  gales  of  wind,  aa  to  break  on  tha  raaka  villi 
the  utmost  vbleaee. 

ThoeffMtofthb 
■ad  «VMI  iawlm  waatbtTi 


1 


slope  ia  likawlM  aMuihly  felt  in  modanl|| 
itbtr,  te  tfN  libantlaa  of  tha  water,  aawNie 


■wwiilijfiiliwai^^ 


imBwiiiiMPiiiiiiwi 


nppp 


imtp  water*  for  iniuiy  dayi,  though  succeeded  bv  a  calm;  idao> 
•Hich,  that  when  the  tea  ia  to  all  appearance  iinooth  and  even,  and 
ila  aurfaice  unruffled  by  the  alighteat  breeze,  jret  those  libratieot 
Mill  cootinutng,  which  are  called  the  ground  swell,  and  meeting 
the  aiope  of  toe  roeka,  the  sea  breaks  upon  them  in  a  (Kghtiui 
manner,  so  as  not  only  to  obstruct  any  work  being  done  upon  the 
rock,  but  even  the  landing  upop  it,  when,  figuratively  speaking, 
you  might  goto  sea  in  a  walnut-shell.  A  circumstance  which 
atill  farther  increasea  the  difficulty  of  working  on  the  rocks  it 
there  being  a  sudden  drop  of  the  surface  of  the  rock,  forming  a 
itep  of  about  four  &d  a  half,  or  five  feet  high,  so  that  the  seas, 
which  in  moderate  weather  come  swelling 'to  this  part,  meet  lb 
wdden  a  check,  that  they  frequently  fly  to  the  height  of  thirty  or 
fiMtty  feet 


S^otwithatandiag  theae  diffieultieti, 
JMgara  t*  which  navigatom  war*  exp 


it  is  itot  Burpriainf  tiivl  tfia 
IbytheEddyatonerMlw, 
AmU  BMdMaoonmeroial  aatioa  destroua  of  having  a  light-hoiw 
M  than.  The  wonder  ia,  that  any  one  ahouli^  be  found  btrdy 
•MOfh  to  undertake  the  buJUiug.  Such  a  man  waa  first  fo«HMI  » 
tlM  pMapa  of  Henry  Winsiaaly,  of  Littlebury,  in  Saatx,  geat.  who, 
faitM  year  1696,  waa  fiimi^ed  by  the  mastmr,  waMhuw,  miu- 


i»{^  Trinfty-heuae,  of  Deptford  Stroad,  with  tlwi,. 

'  I*  oarty  the  design  into  •seentloB.    H«  *9ttr«l  mp 

Hkig  m  1696,  aM  completed  it  in  fear  yf«ra.    lib 

waa  80  certain  of  the  staibility  of  bia  atnwtiirt,  thai  I* 

'Ut*  hMbia  wiskto  bein^it  "diltincttofBMllMJMliD 


'Wii'WW.     mm 


■  Hiw 


# 


I  a  calm;  iilao* 

I  and  even,  and 

hose  Ubratiaat 

,  and  maeting 

in  a  flrif  htful 

[dona  ap9n  tha 

rely  apaaking, 

utanea  whicn 

In  the  roeka  ta 

lock,  forming  a 

ko  that  tha  aaaa, 

M  part,  meat  ab 

lightofthift;^  or 


tvrpriaUig  All  tha 
I  Eddyatona  taalM* 
ving  a  light  heiiiw 
d  ba  finind  bairdjr 
waa  firat  fiNm4  ia 
tSaaax,fail.«lui, 

wavdaiM,  Mdaa* 
id,iritbtlMaM«»> 

Hiaaatai«4iiMi 
fear  jrt ara.  Tbii 
atr«Miira,llMt4lr 


|fr.  Wiaataal^  waa  bat  too  amply  gratified  in  hb  wiah,  for  arhtl* 
ba  waa  there  with  hi*  workmen  and  light-keepera,  that  draadfel. 
atorm  began,  which,  raged  moat  violently  on  the  36th  ofNoveaabar 
nOS,  in  the  night;  ana  of  all  the  accounta  of  the  kind  irhieh  hia- 
tory  farniahea  ua  with,  we  have  none  that  haa  eaceadad  thia  in 
Great  Britain,  or  waa  more  injurioaa  or  extenaiva  in  ita  devaatatioa. 
The  next  morning,  November  37th,  when  tha  violence  of  tha 
■torm  waa  ao  millch  abated  that  it  could  be  aaen  whether  tha  lights 
houae  had  auffered  by  it,  nothing  appeared  atandin|[;  but,  upoK 
a  nearer  inapeclion,  aoine  of  the  large  irona  by  which  the  work 
waa  fixed  upon  the  rock  atill  remained;  nor  were  any  of  tha  paopU 
or  any  of  the  matariala  of  the  building,  ever  found  afterwarda. 

In  1709,  another  light-houae  waa  buUt  of  wood,  on  a  very  difbr 
ant  eonatruction,  by  Mr.  JohtfRadyerd,  then  a  ailk  mercar  OB 
Ladgata>bill.  Thia  waa  a  very  ingenioiia  atructure;  after  it  bad 
braved  tlia  alaawnta  for  forty-aix  yeara,  it  waa  burnt  to  tiie  groond 
ia  1746.  jCte  tha  deatruction  of  thia  light-houae,  that  excellent 
meehaale  imd  engineer  Mr.  Smeaton,  waa  ehoaen  aa  the  fitteat 
paraoB  to  build  another.  It  waa  with  aome  difficulty  that  ha  waa 
abla  to  iNNrauade  the  (woprietora,  that  a  atone  building,  proparhr 
caaalnMtadi  would  in  all  reapecta  ba  preferable  to  one  of  woao, 
batlMviai|[,  atlaat  convinced  them,  he  turned  hia  thoogbta.to  tha 
■hima  wluah  waa  moat  auitable  to  a  building  ao  critically  aituatod. 
BaiactUlg  on  tha  atructure  of  the  former  boildinga,  it  aeeawid  a 
laalltiil  ^provament  to  procure,  if  poaaibia,  an  anlargamaat  of 
tha  l^iua.  withavt  incraaping  tha  aiaa  of  tha  waiet,  or  that  part  of 
tha  httwung  which  ia  between  tha  top  of  tha  roek,  and  the  top  dT 
tha  aalid  work.  Henoe  ha  thought  a  greater  degree  of  atraagth 
and^atifllMaa  woald  ba  fained,  acoompaaiad  with  laaa  raaiataaca 
ta  Aa  aotipg  power.  On  thia  occaaion,  the  natural  figora  of  tha 
wabt,  or  hwa,  of  large  apraadiog  oak,  ooeurrad  to  Mr.  Smeaton. 
"  Let  MH  (aatfa  he)  conaidar  ita  particular  figure.  Oonnaatad 
whh  ita  va^la,  wWeh  lie  hid  below  ground,  it  riaea  from  tha  aurfaea 
with  a  tenia  aweUina  base,  which  at  the  height  of  one  diaoMtar 
ia  genarally  reduceo  by  an  elegant  carve,  concave  to  the  eye,  to 
a  diameter  lesa  by  at  leaat  one-third,  and  aometimea  to  half  ita 
original  haaa.  f  rom  thence,  ita  taper  dimiaiahiag  mora  alow^, 
ita  aidaa  by  degrees  come  into  a  perpendicular,  and  for  aoaaa 
height  form  a  cylinder.  After  that,  a  preparation  of  more  oir- 
oumfaraaaa  becomea  neceeaary,  for  the  atrong  inaertion  aad 
aitabliahmant  of  the  principal  boagha,  which  produeaa  a  awelliag 
of  ita  dialheter.  Now  we  can  hardly  doubt,  but  that  avfN7  aaction 
of  tha  traa  ia  nearly  of  an  aqual  atrength  in  propeitjtill  to  what  it 
haa  to  reaiat ;.  and  war*  we  to  lop  off  ita  prineipi 
poaa  it  in  thu  state  to  a  rapid  eurrant  oi  water, 
ai  eapaUa  of  raaiating  tha  action  of  tha  heavier  ihiid, 
•d  arth3  graatar  part  of  ita  eiothiag.  aa  it  waa  that  of  tha 
whtu  all  lii  mnmam  awwiata  waia  aipaaad  to  tha  ' 


■0 


iiiliil  IjlWi 


Wf 


m 


ViiOli  JMfH. 


Hind;  aUd  heiie«  w«  maj  derive  an  idea  of  whet  the  pron«r  ehiip* 
of  aebhimn  of  the  greatest  etabilitj  ought  to  be,  to  reeiet  the  a»> 
tfen  of  external  violence,  when  the  quantity  of  matter  is  given  of 
which  it  is  to^be  composed." 

With  these  views,  as  to  the  proper  form  of  the  superstrueturej^ 
Mr.  9>neaton  began  the  work  on  the  2d  of  April,  1757,  and  finish* 
ed  it  in  Au||ust  4th,  1769.  The  rock,  which  slopes  towards  the 
■oath-west  u  cut  into  horizontal  steps,  into  which  are  dovetailed, 
•ad  united  by  a  strong  cement,  Portland  stone,  and  granite;  The 
vHhole,  to  the  height  of  thirty-five  feet  ftom  the  foundation,  ia-a 
sdlid  of  stones,  insrafted  into  each  other,  and  united  by  evcrj 
means  of  additional  strength.  The  building  has  four  rooms,  ona 
OT  \i  the  other,  and  at  the  top  a  gallery  and  lantern.  The  stone 
floors  are  flat  above,  but  concave  beneath,  and  are  kept  firom 
pressing  against  the  sides  of  the  building  by  a  chain  let  mto  the 
walls.  It  IS  nearly  eighty  feet  high,  and  since  its  completion  has 
been  assaulted  by  the  fury  of  the  elements,  without  sufl*ering  thr/ 
smallest  injury. 

We  regret  that  we  cannot  with  propriety  trace  out  the  progress 
of  this  great  work,  and  shew  with  what  skill  and  judgment  this 
unparalleled  engineer  overcame  the  greatest  difficulties;  we,  bow- 
ever,  beg  to  recommend  to  our  curious  readers,  Mr.  Smeaton'a 
9wn  account  of  the  Eddystone  light-house,  not  doubting  that  tba^ 
will  be  highly  gratified  by  the  perusal.  According  to  the  requi- 
site tables,  this  light-house  is  situated  in  lat.  50.  8  N.,  loog.  4. 
t4.  W.  of  Greeawioh;  or  4.  18.  89.  W.  of  London. 


JOHN  PAUL  JONEa 

John  Pftul  Joaea  was  bom  at  Arbingland,  in  Seotlaad,  Jvljr  tf, 
1T47.  His  fhther  was  a  gardner,  whose  name  was  fmAi  but  tho 
son  assumed  that  of  Jbnet  in  subsequent  life,  for  what  reasooif 
not  known.  Young  Paul  early  evinced  a  decided  predilection  thr 
the  sea,  and,  at  the  age  of  timve,  was  bound  appreatiee  to  a  re« 
apeetable  merchant  of  Whitehaven,  in  the  American  trada.  Hig 
first  voyage  waa  to  America,  triiere  his  elder  brother  was  eslab> 
lished  as  a  i^aater.  He  waa  then  engaged  for  some  tine  ia  tha 
■I«va4rada4  hut  quitted  it  ia  disgust,  aad  returaed  to  Scotland,  in 
I!l88,-aa  fnaseager  ia  a  vaaael,  the  eaptaia  and  mate  of  whieli 
dSMoAthepassagi 
•ltllMMi.«c  haarr 


e.    Jeaee  aasuaied  the  oemaMuid,  at  the  request 
•od.Nwilhi  the  ve«wl,a«ft  lata  part-  Cft 


Mm  VAVii  sonut 


JrMut  tha  BO- 
Mr  is  given  of 

luperstrueture, 
,aDiflaiab> 
towkrdu  the 
e  dovetailed, 
granite;  The 
undatioQ,  ie-a 
nited  by  erarj 
>ur  rooms,  onM 
n.  The  atone 
are  kept  from 
aia  let  into  the 
completion  haa 
ut  auffcring  thf/ 

9ct  the  progreaa 
judgment  thia 
Ities;  we,  bow- 
Mr.  Smeaton'a 
lubting  that  tktf 
ing  to  the  requir 
8  N.,  long.  4. 
lion. 


Scotlaad,  Jaljr «, 
aa  Paul  J  but  Um) 
>r  what  reaaop  if 
il  predilectioR  for 
tprenUee  to  a  re* 
ican  tndOi  Hi« 
■other  waa  eaiab* 
tome  tine  in  thm 
id  to  Soolland,  itf 
id  mate  of  whiali 
id,  at  the  requeal 
iat0  fHU    Vm 


tUs  aanriee,  ha  waa  appointed  by  the  owoera  naatar  and  i 
eargo.  While  in  command  of  thia  veaael,  be  puniahed  a 
who  afterwarda  died  of  a  fever  at  the  island  of  Tobaco— a  eir> 
ciunstance  which  gave  rise  to  an  accuaation  againat  Jonea,  of 
having  cauaed  hia  death,  by  the  severity  of  the  poniabment  apoB 
him;  but  this  has  been  completely  refuted.  Jonea  waa  afterwards 
ia  command  of  the  Betsy,  of  London,  and  remained  aoma  tima  ia 
the  Weat  Indiea,  engaged  in  commercisl  purauita  and  apeeulationft 
by  which  it  ia  aaid  he  realized  a  handsome  Ibrtune.  In  1719,  hiia 
was  residing  in  Virginia,  arranging  the  affairs  of  hia  brother,  who 
had  died  intestate  and  childless,  and  about  thia  tima  took  tiM 
name  of  Janes.  In  Virginia  he  continued  to  live  until  the  ^om- 
meneement  of  the  atruggle  between  the  colonies  and  mthtt 
eoantnr.  He  offered  his  services  to  the  former,  and  waa  appoittk«>4 
first  of  the  first  lieutenants,  and  designated  to  the  Alfred,  on  board 
of  which  ahip,  to  use  his  own  language  in  one  of  hia  lettera,  "ho 
had  the  honor  to  hoist,  with  his  own  hands,  the  fiag  of  freedom, 
the  firat'time  it  was  displayed  on  the  Delaware.'"  Soon  aAw 
this,  wo  find  Jones  in  command  of  the  Providence,  mountiBg 
twelve  four-pounders,  with  a  complement  of  aeventy  men,  cruiainf 
from  the  Bermudaa  to  the  Gut  of  Canao,  and  making  aixtooa 

Srisea  ia  little  more  than  six  weeks.  In  May,  1777,  ho  wai  or- 
ared  to  proceed  to  France,  where  the  American  commiaaioiiora, 
Franklin,  Deane  and  Lee,  were  directed  to  invest  him  with  the 
comoMod  of  a  fine  ahip,  as  a  reward  of  hia  aignal  services.  On 
bis  arrival  in  France,  he  was  immediately  summoned  to  Paria  bjr 
the  commiasioners.    The  object  of  this  summons  waa  to  concert  a 

Can  of  operationa  for  the  force  preparing  to  act  againat  the  Britiah 
1  the  Weat  Indies,  and  on  the  coaat  of  America.  Thia  |4an, 
whicb  certainly  did  great  honor  to  the  projector,  though  untoward 
delava  and  aceidenta  prevented  its  immediate  aucceaa,  waa  aftoi^ 
warda  openly  claimed  oy  Jones  as  his  own,  without  aekno#ladgiog 
the  aasistancc  or  participation  of  the  American  conuaisaioBora  or 
the  Froaeh  ministry.  The  Ranger  waa  then  placed  nadar  hia 
ordara,  with  diaeretlon  to  eruiae  where  he  pleaaed,  with  thia  ra- 
atritetion,  however,  that  he  was  not  to  return  to  France  imtaediatotv 
after  making  attempts,  upon  the  coast  of  England,  aa  the  Froaeh 

toverameot  had  not  yet  declared  itself  ofienly  aa  the  ally  of  tha 
r.  Stataa.  April  10,  1778,  be  aailed  on  a  cruise,  during  whiA 
he  laid  oven  tne  weakness  of  the  British  coast.  With  a  sia^ 
ship,  ho  Kept  the  whole  coast  of  Scotland,  and  paft  of  that  of 
Eudand,  for  some  time,  in  a  state  of  alarm,  and  made  a  doaeeni 
at  Whitdiaven,  where  he  surprised  and  took  two  forte,  with  thir^ 
pieeea  of  canaba,  and  aet  fire  to  the  ahippiiw.  In  thia  attaek  upon 
Whitehaven,  the  house  of  the  earl  of  Selkirk,  in  whoeo  aorvioa 
the  Athor  of  Jonea  had  beea  gardeoor,  waa  pluadorod,  aad  dM 
tkmilj  plaia  oarriod  off.  Bat  the  act  waa  committed  withool  Ma 
<hMirta%a.  aad  ho  aftofwarda  made  tho  boat  aloaaowal  ia  hit 


^^St 


WKUlgtlli^^''^^^^^ 


wayawfc  it^.i  ■* 


(llimmi 


•».»^. 


war, 


▲ft«r  his  return  to  Brest  with  two  hundred  prieontti  gC 
he  became  involved  in  a  variety  of  trouble*,  for  want  of 
•■k>h4  to  support  them,  pay  his  crew,  and  refit  bis  ship.  After 
oiany  delays  a,nd  vexations,  Jones  sailed  from  the  road  of  St.  Croix, 
August  14,  1779.  with  a  squadron  of  seven  sisil,  deaif  ning  to  annoy 
the  coasts  of  England  and  ScotI  nd.  The  principal  occurrence 
of  this  cruise  r/as  the  capture  of  iu«  British  ship  of  war  Seirspis, 
i^er  a  bloody  and  despcrata  engagement,  off  Flamborough  head, 
Sept.  99,  1779.  The  Serapis  was  a  vessel  much  superior  in  force 
to  Jones's  vessel,  the  Bon  Honune  Richard,  which  sunk  not  long 
aAerthe  termination  of  the  enaagement.  The  sensation  produced 
by  this  battle  was  unexampled,  and  raised  the  fame  of  Jones  to  its 
■erne.  In  a  letter  to  him,  Franklin  says,  "  For  some  days  after 
the  arrival  of  your  express,  scarce  any  thing  was  talked  of  at  Paris 
■ad  Versailles,  but  your  cool  conduct  and  perse%ering  bravery 
during  that  terrible  conflict.  You  may  believe  that  the  impression 
on  my  mind  was  not  less  strong  than  on  that  of  the  others.  Biit 
I  do  not  choose  to  say,  in  a  letter  to  yourself,  all  I  think «on  such 
an  occasion."  His  reception  at  Paris,  whither  he  Went  on  the 
invitation  of  Franklin,  was  of  thf  most  flattering  kjnd.  He  '" 
every  where  caressed;  the  king  presented  him  with  a  gold  sv 
bearing  the  inscription,  Ftndicolt  nutris  LMdovieus  XVI  remnwror- 
iwr  $trenuo  vtndtct,  and  requested  perinission  of  congress  to  invest 
him  with  the  military  order  of  merit — an  honor  never  conferred 
00  any  one  be^ure  who  had  not  borne  arms  under  the  commission 
of  France.  la  178 1 ,  Jones  sailed  for  the  U.  States,  and  arrived  io 
Philadelphia,  February  18th,  of  that  year,  after  a  variety  of  escapee 
and  rencounters,  where  he  underwent  a  sort  of  examination  before 
die  board  of  admiralty,  which  resulted  greatly  to  his  honor.  Thp 
kiard  gave  it  as  their  opinion,  "  that  the  conduct  of  Paul  Jonea 
merits  particular  attention,  and  some  distinguished  mark  of  appro- 
bation ftom  Congress."  Congress  passed  a  resolution,  highly 
complimentary  to  nis  "  zeal,  prudence  and  intrepidity."  Generu 
Washington  wrote  him  a  letter  of  congratulation,  and  he  was  a{^ 
tarwards  voted  a  gold  medal  by  Congress.  From  Philadelphia 
he  went  to  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshiro,  to  superintend  the 
building  of  a  ship  of  war,  and,  while  there,  drew  up  some  admira- 
')le  observations  on  the  subject  of  the  American  navy.  Bv  per* 
.nission  of  Congress,  he  subsequently  went  on  board  the  French 
!  leet,  where  he  remained  Until  the  conclusion  of  peace,  which  put 
•  period  to  his  naval  career  in  the  serrioe  of  the  U..  I^ates.  He 
then  went  to  Paris,  as  agent  for  prize-money,  and,  while  there, 
joined  in  a  plan  to  establish  a  fur-trade  between  the  northrwcst 
coast  of  America  and  China,  in  conjunction  with  akindred  spirit, 
tba  celebrated  John  Ledyard.  In  Paris,  he  continued  to  i^ 
^•ated  with  the  greatest  distinction.  Ho  afterwards  was  ihvit»l 
ifHtfi  the  Russian  service,  with  the  rank  of  rcar-admiral,  where  he 
pp  d^pointed  in  nqt  rcoeivinf  the  coPlPia'  «f  tltc  flcci  «!ft^ 


'■>.'-,Mv'''* 


i*MM  hM' 


ei. 


pmoMfior 
for  want  of 
•hir.    After 
of  SI.  Cirbix, 
;niiig  to  snaoj 
occurrence 
war  Serapie, 
irough  head, 
perior  in  force 
■uok  not  long 
ioc  produeea 
of  Jones  to  Ua 
le  days  after 
IkedofatParin 
leering  bravery 
the  impreHion 
le  others.    Biit 
I  think  •on  euch 
he  Went  on  the 
kind.     He  * 
h  a  gold  sv 
JCri  remuntra- 
ingreM  to  invest 
never  conferred 
the  commission 
IS,  and  arrived  in 
rariety  of  escapee 
lamination  before 
his  honor.    Tbp 
ct  of  Paul  Jonee 
idmark  of  a^pro- 
esolution,  highly 
idity."    Generu 
1,  and  he  was  af- 
om  Philadelphia 
superintend  the 
up  some  admira- 
t  navy.    By  per> 
ward  the  French 
peace,  which  put 
I  U..  States.    He 
and,  while  there, 
in  the  north-west 
I  a  kindred  spirit, 
continued  to  bus 
rards  was  invited 
dmtral,  where  h« 
oftheflttifiitilfl 


IgiM  tiie  Twrks  in  the  Black  sea.  He  fomd  ftnlt  with  Ihi 
oonduet  of  the  prince  of  Nassau,  the  admiral ;  became  restless  and 
impatient:  was  intrigued  against  at  court,  and  calumniated  by  bis 
enemies;  and  bad  permission,  tVom  the  empress  Catharine,  to  ratirs 
from  the  service  with  a  pension,  which  was  never  paid.  He  re- 
turned to  Paris,  where  he  gradually  sunk  into  poverty,  neglect, 
and  ill  health,  until  his  death,  which  was  occasioned  by  jaundice 
and  dropsy,  July  18,  1793.  His  last  public  act  was  heading  « 
deputation  of  Americans,  who  appeared  before  the  national  as- 
sembly to  offer  their  congratulations  on  the  glorious  and  salutarif 
reform  of  their  government.  This  was  before  the  flight  of  the 
king.^^Tones  was  a  man  of  signal  talent  and  courage ;  he  conducted 
all  nis  operations  with  the  most  daring  boldness,  combined  with 
the  keenest  sagacity  in  calculating  the  chances  of  success  and  the 
consequences  of  defeat.  He  was,  however,  of  an  irritable,  ini> 
petuous  disposition,  which  rendered  him  impatient  of  the  authority 
of  his  superiors,  while  he  was,  at  the,  same  time,  harsh  in  the 
exercisA  of  his  own;  and  he  was  deficient  in  that  modesty  which 
adorns  great  qualities  and  distinsuished  actions,  while  it  disarme 
envy  and  conciliates  jealousy.  .His  early  education  was  of  a  very 
limited  kind.  It  terminated  when  he  went  to  sea,  at  the  age  of 
twelve;  butihe  supplied  its  defects  by  subsequent  study,  so  as  to 
enable  himself  to  write  with  fluency,  strength  and  clearness,  and 
to  sustain  his  part  respectably  in 'the  polished  society  into  which 
he  was  thrown.  In  his  letters,  he  inculcates  the  necessity  of 
knowledge  for  naval  officers,  and  intimates  that  he  had  devoted 
"  roidni|^t  studies"  to  the  attainment  of  that  information  whi<)|i 
be  deemed  requisite  in  his  sitnation.  His  memorials,  correspon- 
dence, tie.,  are  quite  voluminous.  He  also  wrote  poetry,  and,  in 
Paris,  was  a  great  pretender  to  ton,  as  a  man  of  fashion,  especially 
after  his  victory  over  the  Scrapie,  which,  of  course,  "gave  him  great 
kbU  amongst  the  ladies  of  the  French  capital.  M.  this  period, 
he  is  described  by  an  English  lady  then  resident  at  Paris,  as  "  a 
amart  little  man  ofthirty-su;  speaks  but  little  French,  and  appeara 
to  be  a»  eatraerdinary  genJiui,  a  poet  as  well  as  ahero."— tAn.  Dim. 


JAl^IES  LAWRENCE. 

Janea  Lawrence,  a  distinguished  American  naval  commander, 
was  bom  at  Turlington,  New  Jersey,  in  178 1 .  He  early  manifest- 
ed a  Mrong  predilection  for  the  sea;  but  his  father,  who  was  « 
knryar,  was  anxbus  that  he  i^old  pursue  his  own  professi- -; 
tad,  when  only  thirteen  years  of  age,  he  commenced  the  study 
ef  dMinr;  k«t  after  the^ath  ef  bia  ftther,  he  entered  the  aafjr 


■m 


jAvn  tMomMn. 


M  •  nriddiipman,  in  1798.  Id  1801.  tb«  TVipeli  wtr  hvikt^ 
comnieneed,  h«  wm  promoted,  and,  in  1809,  t/aa  sent  out  to  Um 
Breditorrnnean,  as  the  first  lieutenant  of  the  schooner  Enterprise. 
While  there^  be  performed  a  eonspicuoua  part  in  the  destruction 
«l  the  frigate  Philadelphia,  which  had  been  captured  by  the  Tri- 
politans.  In  the  same  year,  be  was  invested  with  the  teraporarr 
command  of  the  Enterprise,  during  the  bombardment  of  Tripoli 
bjr  commodore  Preble,  all  the  ships  of  the  squadron  being  employed 
to  cover  the  boats  during  the  attack;  and  so  virell  did  lie  execute 
his  duty,  that  the  commodore  could  not  restrain  the  expression  of 
his  thanks.  He  remained  in  the  Mediterranean  three  years,  and 
then  returned  with  Preble  to  the  U.  States,  having  previously 
been  transferred  to  the  frigate  John  Adams,  as  first  lieutenant 
In  June,  1813,  war  was  declared  between  Great  Britain  and  the 
U.  States,  and  Lawrence,  at  the  time  in  command  of  the  Hornet, 
a  few  days  afterwards  sailed  with  a  squadron  under  the  orders  of 
commodore  Rogers,  for  the  purpose  of  intercepting  the  Jamaica 
fleet.  They  returned,  however,  at  the  end  of  the  following  month, 
to  Boston,  without  having  been  able  to  accomplish  their  object. 
Lawrence  then  accompanied  commodore  Bainbridge  on  a  cruise 
to  the  East  Indies;  but  they  separated  near  St.  Salvador,  on  the 
coasl  of  Brazil,  the  Hornet  remaining  there  to  blockade  a  British 
ship  of  war,  laden  with  specie,  till  compelled  to  retire  by  the  ar 
rival  of  a  seventy-four.  Feb.  34,  1813,  the  Hornet  fell  in  with 
the  brig  Peacock,  captain  Peake,  which  he  took  after  a  furinns 
action  of  fifteen  minutes.  This  vessel  was  deemed  one  of  the 
finest  of  her  class  in  the  British  navy.  In  the  number  of  her  men 
and  guns,  she  was  somewhat  infeiior  to  the  Hornet.  She  sunk 
before  all  the  prisoners  could  be  removed.  The  latter  was  con- 
mderably  da.nagt.'d  in  the  rigging  and  sails,  but  her  hull  was 
scarcely  hurt.'  Lawrence  returned  to  the  U.  States,  where  he 
was  welcomed  with  the  applause  due  to  his  conduct;  but  the  most 
honorable  euloey  bestowed  upon  it,  was  contained  in  a  letter, 

Itublished  b^  the  officers  of  the  Peacock,  expressing  their  gratitude 
or  the  consideration  and  kindness  with  which  they  had  been  treat- 
ed. Shortly  after  his  return,  he  was  ordered  to  repair  to  Boston, 
and  take  command  of  the  fi-igate  Chesapeake.  This  he  did  with 
great  regret,  as  the  Chesapeake  was  one  of  the  worst  ships  in  the 
navy.  He  had  been  but  a  short  trme  at  Boston,  when  the  British 
frigate  Shannon,  captain  Brooke,  appeared  b«(fore  the  harbor, 
an?  defied  the  Chesapeake  to  combat.  Lawrence  did  not  refuse 
tbe  challenge,  although  his  ship  was  far  from  beins  in  a  condition 
fcr  action;  and,  June  I,  18 IS,  be  sailed  out  of  tne  harbor,  and 
•:  gaged  his  opponent.  After  the  ship  had  exchanged  several 
kioacbidee,  ana  Lawrence  had  been  wounded  in  the  les,  he  called 
li  a  boarders,  when  be  received  a  musket-ball  in  his  body.  At  tba 
(Jime  time,  the  enemy  boarded,  and,  after  a  desperate  resistance, 
f  MOMded  in  taking;  poiieiitOD  oftiM  aUp.    Almoit  all  tbe  officers 


•-:-  ''r^^fip^S^^^-"' 


"""^j^'gi;^'/-— 


A9vu«i  «o  vn  oeiA». 


ThetMkM- 


li  w*r  baviMi 
lent  out  to  th« 
er  Enterprise, 
no  destruction 
ed  by  tb«  Tri* 
the  teraporery 
lent  of  Tripoli 
leing  employed 
did  he  execute 
I  expression  of 
iree  years,  and 
i\ng  previously 
first  lieutenant 
Britain  and  the 

of  the  Hornet, 
er  the  orders  of 
ng  the  Jamaica 
bllowing  month, 
sh  their  object, 
idge  on  a  cruise 
Salvador,  on  the 
)ckade  a  British 
retire  by  the  ar 
irnet  fell  in  with 
k  after  a  furiona 
smed  one  of  the 
imberofhermen 
met.     She  sunk 
,e  latter  was  con- 
lut  her  hull  was 
States,  where  he 
uct;  but  the  most 
lined  in  a  letter, 
ine  their  gratitude 
sy  had  been  treat- 
repair  to  Boston, 

This  he  did  with 
worst  ships  in  the 
,  when  the  British 
wfore  the  harbor, 
ince  did  not  refuse 
sing  in  a  condition 
Df  the  harbor,  and 
exchanged  •cvera] 
a  the  leg,  he  called 
» hie  body.    Atth« 
Aperate  reewtauce, 
o^aUtbeofiicers 


rf  tb.  Che*^-k«  we'.  .Ubar  knW  orj;;«^(„  iiio.-*^ 


ADDItEBS  TO  THB  OCEAH. 

UkeaeMorHesTSB! 

A«ent  of  power! 
Msiiisthyvicliin, 

BhipwiMk  •  thy  dowetJ 
Spices  ami  jewels 

From  Tslley  and  laa, 
Amies  and  banners, 

Aie  buried  in  Um*  > 

What  sre  the  riches 

Of  Mexico's  minw,   

To  the  wealth  thst  fcr  dowa 

In  thy  deep  waters  shines  t 
The  proud  navies  that  cover 

The  conquering  we^i— 
Thou  fliufst tbem to «teslh  _ 

With  one  h    -e  of  thy  wsa* 

rrmn  the  high  Wlls  thstview 

Thy  wreck  making  •ww^_^ 
Wheh  the  bride  of  the  msitaef 
Shrieks  at  thy  •o*'.    ^,^ 
When  like  Uunos  in  the  tempsw 

OrmewitotheWsiit. 
On  thy  ridge  broken  biUowa 

The  canvass  is  east- 
How  humbling  to  one. 

With  a  heart  and  a  soul. 
To  k)«*  on  thy  grains* 

And  list  to  its  r^; 
TO  think  bow  that  heut 

In  cold  ashes  shall  be,      . 
While  the  voice  of  Etsmi^ 
BicMi  from  tbse  ? 


Tee  •  where  are  ^/^  . 
Of  Thebes  and  of  Tyrs? 

Dindved-  -and  fbrsver  - 
lAedsirintiiyft^- 


m 


BAIU.V  AMBBIOA*  VMMIi 

Bat  thoa  art  abaifh^, 

Etrrnal — ■ubliine— 
Un  wMried— nnwaatfo^ 

Twin  bratbrr  of  Tim* ! 
FInU,  leinpMto  nor  natioai 

Tbjr  clory  cm  bow.; 
A*  Um  ntm  flnt  bchtld  thn^ 

BtUl  chainlMi  wt  thoa ! 

But  bold!  whrathytngN 

No  longnr  ilnU  rail,    - 
And  that  nrmuornt'a  Iraglh 

l»  drawn  back  like  a  Mrdl,    ' 
Then— then  iball  the  apirit 

That  aigha  by  the*  now, 
Be  mora  mifhty,  mora  laatinfi 

Mora  chainlaaa  than  thoa. 


EARLY  AMERICAN  HEROISM. 

Daring  one  or  the  former  won,  between  France  and  England, 
in  which  the  then  Culoniet  bore  an  active  part,  a  respectable  ii»> 
dividual,  a  member  of  the  eocietj  of  Friend*,  of  the  name  of 
,  commanded  a  fine  ahip  which  sailed  froiA  an  Eastern 
port,  to  a  port  in  England.  This  vessel  had  a  strong  and  effective 
crew,  but  was  totallj  unarmed.  When  near  her  destined  port,  she 
was  chased,  and  ultimately  overhauled,  by  a  French  vessel  of 
war.  Her  commander  used  every  endeavor  to  escape,  but  seeing 
from  the  superior  sailing  of  the  l>renchman,  that  his  capture  was 
inevitable,  he  quietly  retired  below:  he  waa  followed  into  the 
cabin  by  his  coMn  boy,  a  youth  of  activity  and  enterprise,  named 
Charles  Wage(;  he  asked  his  commander  if  nothing  more  could 
be  done  to  save  the  ship — his  comnMnder  replied  that  it  was  im- 
possible, that  every  thing  had  been  done  that  was  practicable, 
there  was  no  escape  for  them,  and  they  must  submit  to  be  cap* 
tared.  Charles  then  returned  upon  deck  and  summoned  the  crew 
•roand  him — he  stated  in  a  few  words  what  waa  their  captain's 
conclusion — then,  with  an  elevation  of  mind,  dictated  by  a  soul 
formed  for  enterprise  and  noble'  daring,  he  observed,  "  if  you  will 
place  prourselves  under  my  coounand,  and  stand  by  me,  I  have 
conceived  a  plan  by  which  the  ship  may  be  rescued,  and  we  in 
turn  become  the  conquerors."  The  sailors  no  doubt  feeling  the 
ardor,  and  inwpired  by  the  courage  of  their  youthfiil  and  gdlaat 
leader,  agreea  to  place  themselves  under  hi*  command.  His  plan  - 
was  communicated  to  them,  and  they  awaited  with  firmness,  the 
moment  to  carry  their  enterprise  into  «A«t.  The  suspense  was 
«f  ihbrt  duration,  for  the  FreacluBaa  wai  qoiekly  alongaida,  and 


B  and  EnclaiWI, 
respectable  m- 
)f  the  name  of 
fom  an  Eastern 
>ng  and  effective 
estined  port,  she 
ench  vessel  of 
cape,  but  seeing 
his  captare  was 
tllowed  into  the 
iterprise,  named 
hing  more  could 
I  that  it  was  im- 
was  practicable, 
ibroit  to  be  cap- 
imoned  the  crew 
I  their  captain's 
stated  by  a  soul 
ired,  "ifyou  will 
by  me,  I  have 
icued,  and  we  in 
loubt  feettng  the 
thfuland  (gallant 
imand.  His  plan - 
ith  firmness,  the 
lie  suspense  wu 
f  alongside,  and 


« 

as  the  waatbar  waa  fine,  inoMdiately  grappled  hat  to  the  anol^ 
fending  merchant  ahip.  As  Charles  had  anticipated,  the  eihil»> 
rated  conquerors,  elated  beyond  meaaure,  with  the  acquisition  of 
so  fine  a  prise,  poured  into  his  vessel  in  crowds,  cheering  and 
buaxains:  and  not  foreseeing  any  danger,  they  left  but  few  men 
on  board  their  ship.  Now  was  the  moment  for  Charles,  who, 
giving  his  men  the  signal,  sprang  at  their  head  on  board  the  op- 
posing vessel,  while  some  seized  the  arma  which  had  been  left  m 
itrofusion  on  her  deck,  and  with  which  the^  soon  overpowered  tha 
ew  men  left  on  board;  the  others,  by  a  simultaneous  movement, 
relieved  her  from  the  grapplings  wluch  united*  the  two  vessels. 
Our  hero  now  having  the  command  of  the  French  vessel,  seixed 
the  helm,  and  placing  her  out  of  boarding  distance,  hailed,  with 
the  voice  of  a  conqueror,  the  diMsomfited  crowd  of  Frenchmen 
who  were  left  on  board  of  the  peaceful  bark  he  had  just  Quitted, 
and  summoned  them  to  follow  close  in  his  wake,  or  Re  would  blow 
them  out  of  water,  ^a  threat  they  well  knew  be  was  very  caoable 
of  executing,  as  their  guns  were  loaded  during  the  chase.)  They 
sorrowfully  acquiesced  with  his  commands,  wnile  gallant  C-  irlea 
steered  into  port,  followed  by  his  prixe.  The  exploit  excited  uni- 
versal applause--the  former  master  of  the  merchant  vessel  was 
examinea  by  the  Admiralty,  when  he  stated  the  whole  of  the  en- 
terprise as  it  occurred,  and  declared  that  Charlea  Wager  \ui 
Clanned  and  effected  thie  gallant  exploit,  aiid  that  to  him  alona 
elonged  the  honor  and  crodit  of  the  achievement.  Charles  w^ 
immediately  tranaferred  to  the  British  navy,  appointed  a  mid* 
shipman,  and  bis  education  carefully  superintended.  He  soot 
after  distinguished  himself  in  action,  and  underwent  a  rapid  pr»* 
motion,  iintil  at  length  be  was  created  an  Admiral,  and  known  ii 
Sir  Charles  Vfager.  It  ia  said,  that  he  always  held  in  veneraticm 
and  esteem,  that  respectable  and  eonseientious  Friend,  whose  cab- 
in boy  he  had  been,  and  transmitted  yearhr  to  hia  olo  MASTtn,  as 
he  termed  him,  a  haadaome  present  of  Madeira,  to  cheer  his  4t> 
dining  days. 


CAPTAIN  G.  VANCOCVER. 

Notwithatanding  the  valuable  di8C4>veriefl  of  Cook,  fiirther  iti> 
▼estisation  was  required  of  some  of  the  southern  -neions,  with 
which  view  a  voyage  wau  planned  in  ai^nm  1789  /.n..*  ;he  eooi- 
mand  destined  to  Ca^ain  Henry  Roberts,  who  ban  «  v«'ed  nndsr 
Captain  Cpok  in  the  two  taot  voyages.  Captain  Vancouver  boiiig 
named  as  his  second;  and  for  this  purpose  a  ship  of  three  hundrao 
and  for^  Uam  was  parehased,  b  a  state  nwih  finiahed,  aad  «ii 


'"  .■I'lHUHl  LlllUiJirMlff  IW>« 


msmams 


wheru  Bhe  »w,  <»•*";.«.     'xbey  crotsed  "«  "^P';  "  resolved  tp 


;•  Sound  for 
ser  being 

leiog  objects 
jnd  an  omcer 
Irmtitution  c^ 

obtua  every 

of  the  430UB- 
nppointed. 
.,'ing  ten  four 
y  men  includ- 
[essre.  Zache- 
iutenante;  and 
ipanied  by  the 
.five  tons,  four 
Bommandod  by 
lond  lieutenant; 
lenziea,  a  sur^ 
cial  purpoM  of 

red  at  Spithead, 
il  to  Falmouth, 
n.    On  the  38th 
pic  of  Capricorn 
was  resolved  to 
r  arrived  the  tOth 
nployed  them  till 
ntrary  winds  and 
ion's  Bay,  bound 
r  course  between 
tee  before  unfre^ 
1,  and,  in  latitude 
SO  sec.  passed  by 
ncouver  gave  the 

vandering  people, 
ly;  at  other  times 
their  habit«ilcnt 
ingtolerably  large 
r.  Broughtoo  dw* 
of  nearly  the  same 
er  date,  as  all  the 
re  been  very  lately 
'  both  villages  hsd 
I  the  shelter  the^ 
d  in  the  inside  of 
I  proved  that  they 
IbriorofllMptrtjr, 


cATTAa  o.  TAjieoimn. 


which  iMiald  argue  a  degree  of  subordination  amooftt  them,  or 
for  those  who  were  too  indolent  to  build  themselves  the  wattled 
huts  before  described. 

From  this  coast  Captain  Vancouver  proceeded  to  New  Zealand, 
which  he  reached  on  the  27th  October,  and  anchored  in  Duskv 
Bay,  when  the^  encountered  a  heavy  storm,  the  effects  of  which 
required  considerable  repair,  particularlv  of  the  Discovery. 
Another  heavy  gale  occurred  on  tlie  SSd  and  99d,  after  which,  vtiy 
unexnectediy,  they  made  land,  namelv,  a  cluster  of  seven  craggy 
islsnas,  the  largest  situated  in  latitude  4A  deg.  9  min.  longitude 
166  deg.  20  min.,  which  had  not  been  seen  h%  Captain  Cook. 
These  sterile  rocks  Captain  Vancouver  denominated  The  Snares 
Another  new  island  was  discovered  on  the  23d  of  December,  in  2 15 
deg.  49  min.  Several  cnnoes  came  off  to  the  ship,  but  the  natives 
virould  not  eo  on  board,  while  they  used  every  solicitation  to  in- 
duce the  English  to  land.     One  at  length  ventured  on  board. 

These  people  were  evidently  of  the  Great  South  Sea  jiation, 
both  from  language  and  a  similarity  to  the  Friendly  Islanders. 
Two  or  three  of  them  remained  on  board  uearly  an  hour;  but  so 
much  was  their  attention  distracted,  that  they  could  scarcely  give 
an  answer  as  to  the  name  of  the  island,  or  otherwise.  It  appear- 
ed on  the  whole,  that  they  called  it  Oparo,  by  which  name  it  is 
therefore  distinguished  by  Captain  Vancouver.  The  tops  of  six 
of  the  highest  hills  bore  the  appearance  of  fortified  places,  resemb- 
ling redoubts;  having  a  sort  of  block-house,  in  the  shape  of  an 
English  glass-hous".  n  the  centre  of  each,  with  rows  of  palisadoes 
a  considerable  way  jown  the  sides  of  the  hil's,  nearly  at  equal  dis- 
tances. These,  overhanging,  seemed  intended  for  advanced 
works,  and  apparently  capable  of  defending  the  citadel  bv  a  few* 
against  a  numerous  host  of  assailants.  On  all  of  them  they  no- 
ticed people,  an  if  on  duty,  constantly  moving  about.  These  were 
the  oiuy  habitations  they  saw. 

On  the  29th  the  Discovery  reached  Otaheite,  where  they  had 
been  expected  in  consequence  of  information  bv  an  English  vessel, 
which  turned  out  to  be  the  Chatham,  that  had  separated  near 
Facile  H(irbor,  and  arrived  before  them.  The  Chatham,  during 
her  separation,  had  seen  several  immaterial  lands,  named  bv  Mr. 
Brougnton  successively.  Knight's  Island,  (the  same  as  The  Snares 
of  Captain  Vancouver^,  Point  Alison,  Mount  Patterson,  The  Two 
Sisters,  and  Cape  Soung.  An  island  which  he  named  Chatham 
Island,  and  the  anchorage  of  which,  in  Skirmish  Bay ,~ was  43  deg. 
49  min.  latitude,  and  183  deg.  25  min.  longitude,  was  taken  posses- 
sion of.  Heoe.  having  gone  on  shore,  a 'number  of  the  natives 
came  about,  held  a  converaation  by  signs  and  gestures,  and  readi- 
ly received  Mr.  Broughton's  presents,  but  would  make  no  ex- 
changes. They  were  very  anxious  to  have  the  party  follow  them 
to  their  habitations,  but  this  was  thought  imprudent.  Nothing 
would  privail  on  the  islanders  tn  give  up  any  of  their  aitidost 


'^''■mmmmmmmmmimimmmimimm 


\fnt  th^  Qot  onlj  readilj  fteoepted,  but  evri«d  off  ntAmUhiam 
Monginf  to  (bo  portji  ond  were  portieulvly  oiixiouo  to  f/eiilSr. 
Broughton's  fowling-piece,  whicb  he  bad  nred,  much  to  their 
■brm;  Homg,  in  order  both  to  get  infonnatioa  and  to  proeura 
irater,  at  length  made  signa  of  their  intention  to  accoBupaaj  tho 
aativea,  it  appeared  that  the  latte;  bad  meditated  hoatiUty,  having 
^llected  large  sticka,  awinging  them  over  their  beada,  na  if  who 
ill  intention  of  uaiog  them;  aeveral  of  them  Ukewiae  bad  apaara. 
f  ct,  being  well  armed,  Mr.  Broughton'a  party  were  not  afraid, 
itpeoially  a*  they  thought  they  bad  purcbaaed  the  good  opbionof 
the  aaTagea.    They  were,  however,  miataken ;  an  attack  waa  made 

K  violently,  thai  both  Mr.  Broughton  and  Mr.  Jobnatooe  were  f- 
Btantlyobliged  to  fire,  aa  did  the  g|entleman  having  the  eharga 
of  the  boat,  ifhich  occasioned  the  nativea  to^y,  but  not  before  one 
of  them  bad  unfortunately  perished. 

On  the  Discovery  anchoring,  she  wai^  surrounded  by  eanoaa 
laden  with  the  country  productions.  Captain  Vancouver  found 
that  must  of  the  frienda  he  had  left  there  in  1777  were  dead. 
Otoo,  now  csSkd  Tomarrey,  bis  father,  brothers,  and  aister^ 
Potaton,  and  hia  family,  were  the  only  of  their  chiefs  now  living. 
Captain  Vancouver  aiM  Mr.  Broughton  went  on  shore  to  fir  on 
■a  eligible  apot  for  tenta,  and  to  p«r  their  respects  to  his  Otabet* 
tan  miyesty.  They  found  Otoo,  Pomarrey'a  aon  and  now  lung, 
to  be  a  boy  of  about  nine  or  ten  yeara  of  a^e.  He  was  carrieq 
00  the  ahbuldero  of  a  man,  and  wai  clothed  m  a  piece  of  Engliali 
red  cloth,  with  ornamenia  of  pigoMia'  feathers  hanging  over  lua 
•boulders.  When  they  had  approached  within  about  eight  paeaia, 
tkav  were  deaired  to  stop';  the  present  they  had  brousht  waa  a]t> 
hibtted ;  and  althoush  its  magnitude,  and  the  vidua  of  toe  articles  it 
eontained,  eicited  too  admiration  of  the  by-standers  in  the  higheat 
Mgree,  it  waa  regarded  by  thia  young  monarch  with  an  appareil* 
iy  atom  and  cool  indiflerenee.  AHer  some  other  oereaoaies,  a 
ratifioation  of  jieaoe  and  mutonl  friendship  being  aeknowle^|ad 
im  both  sides,  the  diffbrent  Euro|tean  articles  eompoaiog  tho 
Wosent  were,  with  aome  little  form,  nreaented  to  Otoo;  and  «• 
mB  abaking  banda  with  them,  which  ha  did  very  heartily,  Mp 

raot" 


ionatenance  be«amo  immediately  altered,  aod  ha  raeaiva 
with  the  greatest  cheerfulness  aad  oordiality. 

On  the  Sd  day  of  Janottv,  1798,  arrived  Pooiarrey,  wha  wai, 
to  his  great  gratiHeationi  aaluted  with  four  guns.  Wrtk  hiin  «Mio 
Mi  iooara  Mahou,  the  reiffning  Prince  of  MorOai  under  Oto0| 
but  who  waa  in  a  deep  deolme.  At  one  of  the  entertainaaott  eo 
bpord,  Pomarrey  having  drank  a  bottle  of  undiluted  brandy,  ft 
threw  him  into  convulsions;  after  which,  having  alept  for  ao  hour, 
ho  was  perfectly  recovered.  Coptain  Vancouver  ondeavorad  to 
laraliado  him  of  the  bad  consequence  of  inebriety.    The  cbii^ 

atbii  OQOused  him  of  boing  a  stingy  fellow,  aad  not  lio  (ia,  (i| 
broompoaim).    OatUait  waa4atfnaMMdto|ivabi«iM»«iRi 


«4W: 


TAireoon^u 


m 


tUMt 

to  get  ow. 

'   to  their 

to  preeun 

ipwiftho 

ty,  haf ing 

btdspaus. 

ooturaid, 
opinioDof 
•ckwunMd* 
itonewerer*- 
ig  the  charge 
not  before  ooe 

led  by  eenoee 

uicouver  found 

n  were  dead. 

s,  and  listen, 

iefs  now  living. 

4ihore  to  fijr  on 

I  to  his  (Hahei^ 

and  now  king. 

He  was  carried 

lieco  of  Englieh 

langing  oTerhw 

tout  eight  pafCM, 

brought  waaeji- 

loftbearticleait 

>rsinthehigh««t 

rith  an  appare^l- 

ir  ceremonies,  a 

g  acknowledged 

composing  the 

to  Otoo;  ud  «■ 

ry  heartilr*  Mp 

le  racaived  tkluii 

larrey,  wli^wai, 
Wttkhiin«aito 
Ml  ttnder  Oto0» 
ntertaiomanli  e« 
ilutad  braady,  it 
slept  for  an  hour. 
w  andaaforad  to 
ety.  Tha  cbiif 
aadnotfM»(ia.(i 
|iva  kim  M»  «f«^ 


ingr<  uid  ordeni  were  giren  to  let  him  hara  as  much  brandy  or 
-iiirt  lis  he  should  call  for,  which  had  completely  the  eflbct,  for  in 
a  week  he  ceased  to  call  for  any. 

Pomarrey's  father,  formerly  called  Happi,  now  Taou,  also  camo 
to  visit  them,  and  a  most  affectionate  interview  took  place  betweoa 
the  three  sons  and  their  ued  and  venerable  father.  A  very  di^ 
forent  scene  !vas  afterwards  exhibited.  It  was  announced  thit 
Otoo  was  approaching.  C^  this  occasion  it  became  neceiaary 
that  the  grandfother  should  pay  homage  to  bis  grandson.  A  pig 
and  a  plaintain-leaf  were  instantly  procured;  toe  good  old  maa 
strippea  to  the  waist,  and  when  Otoo  appeared  in  front  fX  tli9 
marquee,  the  aged  parent,  whose  limbs  were  tottering  witnthf, 
decUne  of  life,  met  bis  grimdson,  and  on  his  knees  acknowledj|td 
his  own  inferbrityi  b^  presenting  this  token  of  submission;  wbietL 
so  far  as  could  be  discovered,  seemed  offered  with  a  mixture  of 
profound  respect  and  parental  regard.  The  ceremony  seemed 
to  have  little  effect  on  the  young  monarch,  who  appeared  to  no> 
tice  the  humiliating  situation  of  his  srandsire  with  the  moat  per* 
feet  indifference  and  unconcern.  This  mode  of  behavior  is, 
however,  rather  to  be  attributed  to  the  force  of  education,  than 
to  a  want  of  the  proper  sentiments  of  affection. 

On  the  14th  a  message  was  received  of  the  death  of  Mahoo, 
at  Qparre.  which  distric  was,  for  some  days,  by  a  religious  in- 
terdict, forbidden  coiptnunication  With  the  rest  of  the  islara.  ||(ir. 
Brougbton,  and  a  part^  of  the  gentlemen  belonging;  to  the  shins, 
having  made  an  excunuon  for  purchasing  curiosities  among  tl^a 
islands,  landed  to  see  the  grand  morai,  or  tapootapoototo^* 
Mowre,  'the  abvereign  of  Uleatea,  who  attended  them,  on  a 
proachinff  the  sacred  spot,  desired  the  party  would  atop  lioti^  1 
should  address  the  Eatooa.  fhen,  seating  himself  on  the  groii 
he  bMaa  praying  before  a  watto,  ornamented  with  a  plope  of  wv 
indiflerently  carved,  on  whinh  was  plaeeo,  for  thff  oeeaaion,  f 
bundle  of  doth  and  some  red  feathers.  During  this  qaeulatioa 
the  names  of  the  partv  were  twice  mentioned.  He  likewiao  n^ 
posted  the  names  of  the  several  cominanders  who  had  visited  tho 
island,  together  with  those  of  "  Keeno  George  "  (that  is.  King 
George)  and  "  Brttarne,"  which  were  freouently  exprosaoo. 
'When  tnese  introductory  ceremonies  were  liiushed,  Mowreo  at- 
tended them  to  every  part  of  the  morai,  and  exniained  every  par* 
titular.  Ha  appeared  to  ho  well  versed  in  all  the  ceremonials 
ud  rites  appeftaining  to  their  religion,  which  made  the  party 
greatly  lament  their  want  of  a  competent  knowledge  of  the  lai^ 
f  uage,  as  they  were  unable  to  eomprehend  his  meaning,  except 
u  a  few  common  instances. 

The  next  morniiy  thay  wsra  again  honored  by  a  viait  flrom 
Otoo  and  several  of  tha  chiafo,  in  their  way  to  tha  morai.  8009 
aftar  a  eaaoe,  oovarad  with  an  awn^  w«a  aeon  coming  6roa| 
tho  wtftawid,  paddling  in  «  alfv  Md  aolpHftVMaMr  tevw  ^ 


•I  •,  -■ 
m 


J 


«# 


in  OAVTAIR  a.  TAMeOVTUL 

mortti,  in  which  was  tht  eorpM  of  the  deceased  chief.  Oa  Amw 
eipreMiDg  great  anxiety  to  aee  Pomarrey,  for  the  purpeee  of 
obtaining  penniHion  to  attend  the  burial  ceremony,  they  were 
infonneo  tliat  "he  was  gone  to  the  morai,  but  would  have  no 
objection  to  their  being  present.  They  proceeded;  and  near  to 
die  rivulet  that  flows  by  Urripiah's  house,  they  saw  the  queea- 
UMther,  Fier-re-te,  and  the  widow  of  the  deceased  Mahow,^  sitting 
aH  in  tears;  and,  in  the  paroxysms  of  their  aflliction,  wounding 
their  heads  with  the  sharks'  teeth  they  had  prepared  the  preceding 
erening.  The  widow  had  a  small  spot  shayed  on  the  crown  of 
her  head,  which  was  bloody,  and  bore  other  evident  marks  of 
Imving  frequently  undergone  the  cruel  effect  of  her  despair.  The 
body  of  Mahow,  wrapped  in  English  red  cloth,  was  deposited  under 
•B  awning  in  a  canoe,  whose  bow  was  drawn  up  a  little  way  on 
the  beach  near  the  moraij  and  was  attended  by  one  man  cnly,  at  her 
stem,  up  to  his  middle  in  water,  to  prevent  her  driving  from  the 
spot.  Tne  priests  continued  chantins  their  prayers,  frequently  ex- 
alting their  voices,  until  they  endeo  in  a  very  shrill  tone.  The 
address  being  ended,  they  all  rose  up  and  proceeded  westward 
along  the  shore,  followed  by  the  canoe,  in  which  was  the  corpse, 
to  the  mouth  of  the  rivulet,  where  the  three  royal  ladies  ptill  con- 
tinued to  indulse  their  excessive  jptrief;  and,  on  perceiving  the 
cinoe,  burst  forth  into  a  loud  yeil  of  lamentation,  which  was 
•ccompanied  by  an  accelerated  application  of  the  sharks'  teeth, 
until  tne  blood,  very  freely  following,  minsled  with  their  tears. 
The  canoe  entered  the  brook  and  proeeraed  towards .  another 
Qorai  at  the  foot  of  the  mountains,  where  the  ceremonies  to  ha 
perferroad  on  the  body  of  the  decearied  required  such  seereejr, 
that  on  no  nccount  could  $he  gentlemen  be  permitted  to  atteaia« 
•tthoiigb  it  was  most  earnestly  reouested. 

In  eoaseouence  of  a  message  rrom  Pomarrey,  Captain  Vuw 
eouver  and  Messrs.  Broughton  and  Whidbey  went  to  Oparre,  to 
assist  at  the  mourning  for  the  death  of  Mahow.  The  concam 
hera  of  the  relatives  was  by  no  means  such  as  might  have  beaa 
axpected  A-om  their  tender  regard  to  the  chief  when  alive.  Tha 
eorpsc  was  laid  on  the  tapapaoo,  which  seemed  to  have  been  erect- 
ad  fbr  the  express  purpose,  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  to  the  east- 
ward of  the  grand  mofai,  (or,  as  it  is  called, "  tapootapootatea  '*); 
and  appeared  to  be  then  undergoing  the  latter  part  of  the  embalm- 
iag  process,  in  the  same  manner  as  described  by  Captain  Cook 
in  the  instance  of  Tee.  The  body  was  expoeed  to 'thus  sun;  and 
on  their  approach  the  coverity  was  taken  on*,  which  exhibited  tha 
eorpsa  in  a  verv  advanced  state  of  putrefaction.  The  skin  sbona 
very  bright  with  the  coco»<nut  oil  with  which  it  had  been  anointed, 
ami  which  thoy  understood  was  highly  impregnated  with  "  ashigh,'' 
ar  iwcat«8oeatad  wood.  Oaa  of  the  arms  and  a  leg  bemg  niovad« 
tbajoifils  apnaarad  aarlMlj  fltsibla.  Tha  extremely  ofTensiva, 
)th«l  waNilMillad.  raadarad  it  aitaural  to  eotfiluda. 


cunAOi  a.  TAireovm. 


OatlMir 
ipurpoM  «f 
they  w«r« 
id  have  no 
snd  near  to 
the  queen- 
|ibow,  eitting 
B,  wounding 
iprefeodinff 
crown  of 
nt  marks  of 
jspair.    The 
poeited  under 
little  way  on 
n  cnly,  at  her 
ving  from  the 
requently  es- 
II  tone.    The 
ded  westward 
IS  the  corpse, 
idies  Rtill  con- 
perceiving  the 
»n,  which  was 
I  sharks'  teeth, 
[ith  their  tears. 
»wards.  another 
iremonies  to  b« 
i  such  secrecy, 
nUtod  to  attend, 

Captain  Vao> 
it  to  Oparre,  to 
The  concern 
night  have  been 
lien  alive.  The 
have  been  erect- 
mile  to  the  eart- 
oiotapootatea'*); 
t  of  the  enibalnf)- 
y  Captain  Cook 
to'ttesun;  and 
ich  eihibited  the 

The  skin  shone 
d  been  anointed. 
|wHh"aehigh,'* 
leg  being  moved, 
remely  offensiM, 
ral  to  eotdiMto. 


thai  the  whole  mass  would  soon  be  completely  deeonpeaed;  bat» 
if  credit  may  be  given  to  their  assertions,  which  were  indubitably 
confirmed  by  the  remains  of  Tee,  and  to  which  the  captain  could 
bear  testimony,  this  will  not  be  the  ease.  Pomarrey  infoimed 
them,  the  corpse  was  to  remain  a  month  in  this  place;  then  a 
month  was  to  be  employed  in  its  visiting  some  of  the  western  dis* 
trieta;  after  which  it  was  to  be  removra  to  Tiaraboo  for  another 
month;  whence  it  was  to  be  carried  to  Morea,  and  there  finally 
deposited  with  his  forefathers  in  the  morai  of  the  family.  In  the 
course  of  a  few  months  after  its  arrival  there,  it  would  gradually 
begin  to  moulder  away,  but  by  such  very  slow  degrees,  that  sev- 
eral months  would  elapse  before  the  body  would  be  entirely  con- 
sumed. The  boat's  crew  were  ranged  before  the  paling  that, 
encompassed  the  tapapaoo;  a  piece  of  red  cloth  iVom  them  was 

E'ven  to  the  widow,  who  spread  it  over  the  dead  body;  some  vol- 
ts were  then  fired,  and  the  captain  was  directed  to  pronounce 
"  Tera  no  oea  Mahow,"  that  is.  For  you  Mahow.  On  some  rain 
falling,  the  body  was  taken  under  cover  and  carefully  wrapped  up. 
They  proceeded  to  an  excellent  new  bouse  of  Whytooa's,  where 
they  dmed,  and  returned  to  Matarai  with  two  larce  hogs,  pre- 
sented on  this  mournful  occasion  by  the  widow  of  Mahow. 

A  serious  theft  of  a  large  quantity  of  linen  belonging  to  Mr 
Broughton,  as  well  as  two  axes,  now  demanded  the  most  rigorous 
inquiry.  An  additional  mortification  happened  on  the  Slat.— 
Towereroo,  a  Sandwich  islander  (brought  out  from  Ensland  in 
the  Discovery,)  had,  in  the  course  of  the  preeeeding  night,  found 
means  to  elope  from  the  ship.  After  much  trouble  of  mvestiga- 
tion,  and  some  coercion,  on  the  3Sd  the  three  royal  brothers 
brona^t  back  Towereroo,  with  a  variety  of  expiatory  presents. 
Theunen  there  appeared  now  no  proa'pect  of  recovering,  without 
both  loeing  time  and  having  recourse  to  unpleasant  measures;  it 
was,  therefore,  resolved  to  depart  without  it;  presents  as  usual 
were  distrfouted,  and  the  separation  took  place  with  the  utmost 
harmony. 

Omai,  it  seems,  having  died  without  children,  the  house  whieh 
Captain  Cook  had  built  for  him,  the  lands  that  were  purchased, 
ano  the  horiM,  which  was  still  alive,  together  with  such  European 
commodities  as  remained  at  his  death,  all  descended  to  Matuarro, 
as  king  of  the  island;  and,  when  his  majesty  is  at  home,  Omai's 
house  IS  his  constant  residence.  From  Matuarro  tl|«y  learned, 
that  Omai  was  much  respected,  and  that  he  flrequently  aflbrded 
great  entertainment  to  him,  and  the  other  chiels,  with  the  ac* 
counts  of  his  travels,  and  describing  the  various  countries, 
objects,  lus.  that  had  fallen  under  his  observation;  and  that  ha 
died  universally  regretted  and  lamented.  His  death,  as  well  aa 
that  of  the  two  New  Zealand  boys  left  with  him  by  Captain  Cook, 
was  9c«iaioMd  by  n  dtsordsr  Umt  is  attended  by  a  largi  awelUug 
b  Um  Ihfdnt,  of  wMeb  Tery  (Mr  r«««T«r: 


f^H'M^^:" 


mmmmmmm 


■Mai 


On  thf  ftth  Jaimuy,  the  IBneafurj  and  ChaHwai 

QMur  course  to  the  northward,  for  the  fint  time  pointtog  their  1 „ 

(eirards  the  gread  object  of  the  expedition.  On  the  Sd  Fehrawy 
MMMed  Owhynee,  one  of  the  Saadvich  Islands,  and  were  honored 
bj  a  visit  ftmn  Tianna.  the  personage  mentioned  in  Bfr.  Mean^ 
TOjilge,  who,  since  bis  return  from  China,  had  taken  part  widi 
Tamaahmaah  -against  Teamawheere,  and,  being  vietorions,  tbaa^ 
two  ehiefs  had  agreed  to  share  the  aovenuaint.  Tlaaaa  waa 
taken  on  board  to  go  to  the  Leeward  Islaads.  Tteiabooa,  whf 
.  pieferred  tlie  name  of  Jack,  baving  been  with  filr.  bpraa  eoa^ 
ttanding  an  American  ship,  laden  with  fiira,  from  North-Waak 
America,  bound  to  Boston,  hj  the  waj  of  China,  was  ^ainHu  of 
pontinuinjK  on  board  the  Dtscoveiy,  and  to  proceed  on  ttevoyi^, 
which,  with  consent  of  the  chief,  was  complied  with.  After  pas- 
ting some  desolate  islands,  the  Discererj  anehor««(l,  oia  the  Tth 
of  March,  in  a  bay  called  Whjrkete,  south  of  the  Idaad  of 
Woahoo,  on  good  and  safej^ronnd.  Some  of  the  inhabitants  want 
on  board,  and  were  exceedmalj  orderly  and  docile,  which  ^ipfar^ 
ad  the  more  remarkable,  as  they  had  formerly  been  represented 
as  the  most  daring  and  unmanageable  of  any  in  the  Bandwich 
Islands. 

Their  new  ship-mate.  Jack,  became  verr  usefiil;  he  took  upon 
him  to  represent  them  in  the  most  formidable  point  of  view  to  all 
his  countrymen;  magnifying  their  powers  and  nuflibers,  and  pro> 
elaiming  that  they  were  not  traders,  such  as  they  had  been  aecns- 
tomed  to  see;  but  were  belongmg  to  King  George,  and  wvre  tA 
ttrighty  warriors.  This  being  his  constant  discourse,  It  is  not  to 
bit  wondered  thitf  hiS  coontrymen  became  much  intii^atad;  ai|£ 
at  tfiia  could  be  praductiire  of  no  ill  consequences,  Iher  perik^W 
Jaek  to  proceed  in  his  encomtuitas,  and  unahimoifmr  ifMtd  f 

SmM  n«l  be  his  (huh  if  they  w«re  not  in  high  rnpnfo  irft(ii|i|Bt 
a  islanders. 

The  natives  having  A^lad  in  supplying  water  as  emietl 
Captain  Vancouver  set  Sail,  on  tiie  8th,  for  Attowai,  fimrij 
Vilderstood  it  was  to  be  had  without  difficulty.  Wbyhetise 
Hea  inlatitudoSI  deg.  16  ifth).  47  see^fodgitade  Mf  dag.  9 
91  sec.  Next  morning  they  made  WhyiMa  Bay,  ob  tCs  Swilr 
aide  of  Attowai.  The  idmbitants  of  thte  island  behaved  in  tiMl 
aame  orderiy  manner,  and  with  the  same  distant  civffll^  tit 
anced  at  Woahoo,  and  aave  the  necessary  assistance  la  « 
Md  other  operations.  The  land  here  was  also  moehdia 
and  similarly  cultivated  witlrtkie  frjto  plant.  Here 
Sowbottoffi,  an  Enalishman,  ^^ttrams,  a  Wdshmaa,  iai#' 
man,  ml  Irishman,  left  for  the  purpose  of  ceiltetiikg  pairia  Iftd 
laiMbl-weod  for  their  master,  JiitA  Keadrick,  in  AiMirte«£  ioii/ 
MMdiag  the  Lady  WashiagioA.  tiai  nAMk  aM  to  aaff  fer  muAW 
Mk  retom  from  China,  to  tekt  thatt  Mi  fo#d  with  flM  Mrffef  W 

mvmj  waawvHmva^vwv  wa  W|  yyai^ 


;  thairlieami 
IFebrauT 
iBonovM 
Mean's 
put  widi 
irloM,  tliM$ 
Tlwmit  WM 


Iforth-W«ik 
ufdannNudT 
ntiMToyaga, 
I.  After  pai- 
d,  Ml  the  Tth 
Lhe  Idand  of 
hebhutaweaft 
wbioh  eltpear- 
in  repreiented 
the  Seadwiob 

hetooknpoo 
[  of  iriew  to  all 
ibera,  and  pro- 
tad  been  acens* 
«,  and  ware  iA 
irae,  ft ..  > 
itimidat«d: 
i,Ue/  p« 
iMMialy 
repwa 


tT,  ob  tbe  iemt 
bebavad  la  «|« 

UKse  in  iriHwrWI 
nmoK  Ae  aiiMf 
[ore  iNtiNi  ^"tf 
imaa,  md'  6^<i[> 
Btia(  peirb  itld 


•mi  Too,  aflBOoneinit  that  Enemoh,  goardtaa  of  the 
foang  prinee  Ta-moo-erae,  wl^o  wa«  the  eldett  son  of  Taio,  aove- 
reifo  of  this  snd  the  neighboring  isisnds,  together  with  the  prince 
himself,  would  be  with  them  in  a  few  days.  They  aaeordingi/ 
ssme  and  behaved  with  thf  utmost  propriety^  although,  firom  cer- 
tain appearances  of  fire,  as  well  as  the  circumstance  of  a  schooner 
taken  by  the  Indians  pt  Owyhee,  and  the  cautions  of  Rowbottom, 
Captain  Vaoeouver  had  not  been  without  suspicions  of  treachery. 
Enemoh  readily  went  on  board  and  an  exchange  was  made  of 
presents,  wbioh,  though  liberal  on  the  part  of  Captain  Vancouver, 
did  not  give  aatisfaetion;'  the  great  desire  of  the  chief,  as  of  idl 
of  them,  being  to  have  fire-arms  and  ammunition,  with  which  tha 
various  tradera  touching  at  their  islands  bad  most  improperly,  and 
even  csoellv,  supplied  the  inhabitants. 

Wednesday,  the  14th  of  March,  the  two  ships  sailed  for  tha 
coast  of  America.    On  the  Hth  of  April  they  saw  land,  beinc 

K\  of  New  Albion,  and  bains  then  in  39  deg.  37  min.  latitude, 
de|.  3S  min.  loi^tude.  On  the  98th  they  spoke  an  Ameri- 
can ship,  Columbia,  Mr.  Robert  Gray,  commander,  of  Bostoh, 
whence  riie  had  been  absent  eighteen  months.  On  the  39th,.  an- 
chored about  eight  miles  withm  tha  entrance  of  the  supposed 
Stratta  of  Juan  de  Fuea.  Of  course  they  made  a  strict  investiga- 
tion of  this  passage,  and  were  satisfied  that  it  did  not  exist. 

Port  Oiacovery,  where  the  vesSels  now  went  to  anchor,  la  4 
perfectly  safe  and  convenient  harbor,  having  its  outer  points  otui 
Bsile  and  three  quarters  asunder,  and  situated  in  latitude  48  deg. 
7  min.,  loe|itnde  337  deg.  30}  min.  The  country  of  New  Albioi^ 
in  this  neighborhood,  is  of  a  rich  fertile  soil.  In  respect  to  its 
■ansral  proauetiona  no  great  variety  was  observed.  *  Iron  ore,  ia 
its  variovs  forms,  was  gOnerally  found;  and,  from  the  weight  and 
magnetic  qoalitiea  of  soma  apeeimens,  appeared  tolerably  rich, 
pwtiealarly  a  kind  tbht  oraeh  resembled  the  blood-stone. 

The  aeit  place  <^  reaeireb  was  Admiralty  Inlet,  where  the 
4dpe  anehorM  off  Bealoration  Point.  The  general  informatioil 
hlM  ia  Hltle.  The  ndkivea  ware  much  the  aame,  equally  Ul-mada. 
aiitkmr  persons  beahiaared  with  oQ  and  ochre,  and  a  aort  of 
driaing  OMffy  miea  vciiy  pooderoos,  and  in  colors  reaembUm 
blwklaad;  bat  deohad'aete  wfth  copper  ornaments,  while  tha/ 
•airjtaioi  «iRling  in  aM  aad  oflbra  of  friendship  and  hoapitalUyv 
•it  Mihrtad  with  parMt  daeonun  and  civility. 

Mtm  •  Mt^  of  thesA  friendly  people  had  attended  at  their 
dinar,  oaa  p%rt  of  nfbieh  waa  a  veaiaon  pasty.  Two  of  Hharn^ 
mrasMng  a  daaita  to  taaa  the  line  of  aeparation  drawn  batweai 
mm,  wm  pniBdiled  to  do  so.  Thay  aal  down  by  the  Englidi, 
^(h#hraad  aaid  flah  givett  them  without  the  teaat  heilt«^ 
I,  ^ffkaiag  offtrid  aaOM  of  tha  vaaisoa,  thfy  could  MtM 


tntaaia  &. 


n^r  raeaivadftwith  ff#t  disfMt,Jg 


^^uvmimmKJ'imiMVismmiMumMmmumMiiwu 


MMAW  •>  TAIK 


•  yntrj  itriet  •xuaiBatioB.  Their  eondoot  on  thii  oeeaiioa  ttft 
no  doubt  that  thoj  beliored  it  to  bo  bomui  flesh,  an  impreaoioa 
which  it  WM  highly  oxpodiont  should  bo  done  awey.  To  sstiafV 
them  that  it  was  the  flesh  of  the  deer,  thev  pointed  to  the  sktos  of 
the  animal  they  had  about  them.  In  reply  to  this  they  ^^inted  to 
each  other,  and  made  signs  that  could  not.be  misunderstood,  that 
it  was  the  flesh  of  human  beings,  and  threw  it  down  in  the  dirt, 
with  gestures  of  great  aversion  and  displeasure.  At  length  they 
happOy  convinced  them  of  ,their  mistake  by  showing  them  a 
haunch  they  had  in  the  boat,  by  idiieh  means  thev  were  unde< 
eeived,  and  some  of  them  ate  of  the  re«iaioder  of  the  pie  with  a 
good  appetite. 

On  Monday,  the  4th  of  June,  the  ship's  companies  were  served 
a  good  dinner,  it  being  the  anniversary  of  his  majesty's  birth;  on 
which  day,  they  designed  to  take  formal  possession  of  all  the 
countries  they  had  lately  been  employed  in  eiploring.  Pursuing 
the  usual  formalities  on  such  occasions,  and  under  the  discharge 
of  a  roval  salute  from  the  vessels,  they  took  possession  according- 
ly of  the  coast,  from  that  pert  of  New  Albion,  in  the  latitude 
of  39  deg.  SO  min.  north,  and  longitude  936  deg.  36  min.  east,  to 
the  entrance  of  this  inlet  of  the  sea,  said  to  be  tne  straits  of  Juan 
de  Fuca.  as  likewise  all  the  coast,  islands,  tie.  by  the  name  of 
the  Oulf  of  Georgia;  and  the  continent  binding  the  said  gulf  and 
extending  southward  to  the  46th  degree  of  north  latitude,  wMi 
thirt  of  New  Georgia,  in  honor  of  hb  iSiajesty. 

On  the  Ml  of  Svm*,  the  Discovery  and  Chatham  sailed  Shnb 
PoseesBiott  Bound.  Having  anchored  on  the  1 1th  in  Strawberry 
Bay,  so  anmed  from  its  pradneing  that  excellent  fruit  in  abun* 
danw.  kllfaii^  deg.  36  nrin.,  longitude  937  deg.  34  nun.,  and 
there  being  sevnral  raings  necessary  to  be  dtme.  Captain  Vaor 
eoover  and  Mr.  Pnget,  in  the  Discovery's  yawl,  and  Mr.  Whidby 
in  the  cottf  r,  at*«iided  by  the  Chathun's  launch,  explored  th« 
nmghberhood.  As  they  were  rowing  «i  the  99d,  for  roint  Grey, 
pm^weing  there  to  land  and  breakfast,  they  discovered  two  ve»- 
sel^  at  anchor  under  the  land.  They  were  a  brig  and  a  sehooneri 
wearing  the  colors  of  Spanish  vesay  of  war,  moat  probably  ea 
l^yed  m  pursuits  similar  to  their  «i|K  end  this  idea  was  eonflni 
•d.  Hiese  vessels  proved  to  be  »||ts«hment  from  the  eomarie* 
aion  of  Seignor  Muaspuw,  who  «n  likaself  ennloyed  in  tto 
IliiUippine  islands.  Seignor  Mitepina  had,  the  preeedwg 
year,  visited  the  coast,  and  these  vessels,  his  Catholic. mijei^^ 
wig  the  Sutil.  ondw  tfie  eommand  of  Seignor  Don  D.  GaMan^ 
with  the  schooner  Mexicana,  commanded  by  Seignor.  Hon  XL 
I  Valdcs,  both  captains  of  fir^ates  iii  the  Spanidi  navy,  had.saiM 
flmn  Aeapoleo  on  the  8th  of  March,  in  order  to  proaeente  dieeoiN 
iiAm  Mthisxoast.  From  these  gentlemen  V«nco«iv«r  ii«d«r|towllt 
(Hi  Seignor  Quadra,  the  eommander'4»«hief  of  the  ' 
■ItfiM  al  St.  MM  wd  •(  Calilbrain,  %M»  with  Ih 


iSiiUm 


limpreMioB 
^    wtiafV 

teod.  that 
,  th«  dirt, 
{t«iigth  they 
ing  them  • 
I  were  und** 
pie  with  ■ 

vereeenred 

'■  bifth;  on 

of  all  the 

;.     PurtUIBf 

le  discharge 
tn  aceordiMP* 
the  latituM 
min.  eaat,  to 
traitoof  Juan 
the  name  of 
laidattlfand 
latituM,  wMi 


saUed 
in  Strawberry 
firuit  in  abua* 
;.  S4  min.,  and 
Captain  Vanr 
dMr.  Whidby 
,  explored  tho 
or  Point  Grey, 
ered  two  v«»- 
nd  asehoonori 
t  probably  e«; 
a  was  eonfliMh 
D  the  eomorilf 
mloyed  in  un 
the  preeediM 
holie.nM^ieilar^ 
n  D.  GaUHMS 
lignor.  Don  X5. 

kvy.  hadsaiM 
eaaeateiUiewN 

r«riM«rftoed« 
if  tho  " 


Mvmoi  •.  ▼AiroMrvaa.  flp 

a  brig,  waiting  his  arrival  at  Nootka,  in  order  to  negotiate  tho 
reatoration  of  those  territories  to  the  crown  of  Greitt  Britsin. 
Their  conduct  was  replete  with  that  politeness  and  friendship 
which  characterizfl  the  Spanish  nation;  every  kind  of  useful  infor- 
mation they  cheerfully  communicated,  and  obligingly  expressed 
much  desire,  that  circumstances  might  so  concur  as  to  admit  their 
respective  labors  being  carried  on  together. 

The  17th  of  August  they  were  suddenly  surprised  by  the  arrival 
of  a  brig  off  the  entrance  of  the  cove,  onaer  English  iolora. 
She  was  the  Venus,  belonsing  to  Bengal,  of  one  hundred  and 
tea  tons  burden,  commandod  by  Mr.  Shepherd,  last  from  Nootka, 
and  bound  on  a  trading  voyage  along  these  shores.  By  him  they 
received  the  pleasant  tidings  of  the  arrival  of  the  Disdalus  store- 
ship,  laden  with  a  supply  of  provisions  and  stores  for  their  use; 
uo  he  acquainted  Mr.  Baker,  that  Seigno^  Quadra  waa  waiting 
with  the  greatest  impatience  to  deliver  up  the  settlement  and  ter- 
ritories at  Nootka.  Mr.  Shepherd  bad  brousht  with  him  a  letter 
from  Mr.  Thomas  Newmaster  of  the  DoBdalus,  informing  Van- 
ceuver  of  a  most  distressing  and  melancholy  event.  Lieutenant 
Hergest,  the  commander,  Mr.  William  Gooch,  the  astronomer, 
with  one  of  the  seamen  belonging  to  the  Dadalus,  had  beini 
murdered  by  the  inhabitants  of  Woahoo,  whilst  on  shore  procur- 
ing water  at  that  island.  August  19th  they  proceeded  from  tho 
last  station,  namely,  Point  Menzies,  in  latitude  S3  deg.  18  min., 
longitude  itSS  deg.  55  min.^  and  on  the  38th,  arrived  off  Nootka 
Bound.  The  Chatham,  by  the  nartial  clearing  of  the  ibg,  had 
finind  her  way  in  some  time  before;  the  Dvdalus  store-ship,  and 
a  small  merchant  brig  called  the  Three  Brothers,  of  London, 
commanded  by  Lieutenant  Alder  of  the  navy,  were  alao  there  at 
anchor.  Seizor  Quadra,  with  aeveral  of  his  officers,  came  on 
board  the  Discovery,  on  the  S9th,  where  they  breakfasted,  and 
were  sahited  with  thirteen  guns  on  their  arrival  and  departure; 
the  day  was  afterwards  spent  in  ceremonious  offices  of  civility, 
with  much  harmony  and  festivity.  Maquuna,  the  native  chief 
of  Nootk«,  who  was  present  on  this  occasion,  had  oarly  in  thn 
morning,  from  beii^  unknown  to  them,  beins  preveirted  oonnng 
on  boara  the  Discovery  by  the  sentinels  and  the  officer  on  deck, 
as  there  waa  not  in  his  appearance  the  smallest  indication  of  hto 
nperior  rank.  Of  tbft  taidignity  he  had  complained  in  a  moat 
angry  manner  to  Seignor  Quadra,  who  very  obli^ngly  found  meana 
to  soothe  him. 

Some  difficulties  now  occurred  in  recpeet  to  the  particulars  of 
the  restitutbn,  but  after  written  and  verbal  correspondence,  it 
was  agreed  that  the  objections  on  both  sides  should  be  refentd 
to  the  respective  courts.  Seignor  Quadra,  however,  havhif 
thereafter  made  fiirther  obiectioM;  an  idditional  eorra^ndenon 
took  pkcot  but  the  Spanian  officer  insisting,  and  being  positiv|j|p 
wwWid  In  tikm  to  certaiD  prina^l—  ptopoaad  by  hfin  aa  totlw 


^ 


^1 


i!ti"^'SS«ijtf8ilW(li*A<MiW».-tW-«'W"»^''-'*>'''t'<i*^"'''-^^  l|(*ftiMi.i||l;H.'>l|i|-nlriii.in«i.»ii  n'-. 


^i> 


ctmn  d.  Tiurttttnwi. 


r  . 


raitiliiHoB,  ^0  which  Captain  VancouTsr  eooM  not  accede,  the 
latter  acq'iaiiited  him  that  he  should  contider  Nootkaaf  a  Spanish 
port,  and  requested  hio  permission  to  carry  on  the  necessary  em- 

Sloyments  on  shore,  which  he  rery  politely  gave,  with  the  most 
iendly  assurance  of  every  service  and  kind  office  in  his  power. 
'  It  was  not  till  the  13th  of  October  that  the  Discovery  sailed 
from  Nootka,  with  the  Chatham  and  Dedalus  store-ships,  bound 
to  the  southward.  November  10th  discovered  anchorage  in  a 
most  excellent  small  bay.  The  herds  of  cattle  and  flocks  of  sheep 
grazing  on  the  surrounding  hills,  were  a  sishtthey  had  long  been 
strangers  to,  and  brought  many  pleasing  reflections.  On  hoisting 
the  colors  at  sun-rise,  a  gun  was  fired,  and  in  a  little  time  after- 
wards several  people  were  seer  )n  horseback,  coining  from  behind 
the  hills  down  to  the  beach,  who  waved  their  hats,  and  nsade  other 
signals  for  a  boat,  which  was  immediately  sent  to  the  shore,  and 
on  its  return  they  were  favored  with  the  eompany  of  a  priest  of 
the  order  of  St.  Francisco,  add  a  seijeant  in  the  Spanish  arm^  to 
breakfast.    The  good  firiar,  after  pointing  out  the  most  convenient 

Sot  for  procuring  wood  and  water,  and  repeating  hospitable  of- 
rs,  in  the  name  of  the  fathers  of  the  Franciscan  order,  returned 
to  the  mission  of  St.  Francisco,  which  they  understood  was  at  no 
great  distance,  and  to  which  he  gave  them  the  most  pressing  in- 
vitation. 

Whilst  engaged  in  allotting  to  the  people  their  difitsrent  em- 
ployments, some  saddled  horses  arrived  from  the  commandant, 
with  a  very  cordial  invitation;  which  was  accepted  by  the  captain 
and  some  of  tho  officers.  They  rode  up  to  the  Presidio,  an  ap- 
pellation givan  to  their  miUtanr  establishments  in  this  eonntry, 
and  si^ni^inir  a  safe-guard.  The  rekidence  of  the  friars  is  called 
a  mission.  The  Spanish  soldiers  composing  the  garrison  amount- 
ad  to  thirty-five,  who,  with  their  wives,  families,  and  a  few  Indian 
aervants,  composed  the  whole- of  the  inhabitants.  On  the  left  of 
the  church  is  the  commander's  house,  consisting  of  two  room 
and  a  closet  only,  which  are  divided  by  massy  walls,  and  commu- 
nicating with  (Bach  other  by  very  small  doors.  Between  these 
apartments  and  the  outward  wall  was  an  excellent  poultry-house 
and  yard,  which  seemed  pretty  well  stocked;  and  between  the 
roof  and  ceiling  of  the  rooms  was  a  kind  of  linnbertgarrct;  these 
were  all  the  conveniences  the  habitation  seemed  calculated  to  n^ 
fytd.  On  approaching  it  they  found  his  good  lady,  who,  Ukls  her 
•pouse,  had  passed  Uie  middle  age  of  life,  deMntly  dressed, 
seated  cross-legged  on  a  mat,  placed  on  a  small  square  wooden 
olatfiirm  raised  three  or  four  inches  IVom  the  gronod,  nearly  in 
mmt  of  the  door,  with  two  daughters  and  a  son,  clean  and  decent- 
ly dressed,  sitting  by  her;  this  neing  the  mode  observed  bv  theiM 
nifies  when  they  receive  visiters.  The  decorous  and  pleasiio^ 
iliMiTior  of  the  children  was  really  admirable,  and  exeeeided  ttf 
tting  lint  eottld  have  been  Mqpeetad  ftoathem  uAder  the  cir(iy» 


"1 


IB. 


lot  accede,  the 

k»  at  a  Spanish 

necessary  em- 

with  the  most 

e  in  his  power. 

iscovery  sailed 

>re-«hips,  bound 

anchorage  in  a 

flocks  of  sheep 

y  had  long  been 

I.    On  hoisting 

tttle  time  afteir- 

ning  from  behind 

and  nwde  other 

the  shore,  and 

ny  of  a  priest  of 

I  Spanish  arm^  to 

e  most  convenient 

ng  hospitable  of« 

an  order,  returned 

lerstood  was  at  no 

most  nressing  in* 

heir  different  em- 
the  commandant, 
)ted  by  the  captain 
e  Presidio,  an  ap- 
tt  in  this  country, 
'the  friars  is  called 
le  garrison  amount' 
!S,  and  a  few  Indian 
its.    On  the  left  of 
sting  of  two  rooms 
walls,  and  commuo 
rs.    Between  these 
illent  poultry-house 
I;  and  between  the 
imbertgarret;  thcM 
led  calculated  to  «f- 
lady,  who,  likb  her 
,  decently  dressed, 
nail  square  wooden 
e  ground,  nearly  in 
m,  clean  and  deceiit- 
[e  obsarved  by  theil 
:oroua  and  pi«uii<li 
s,  and  exceeded  gqr 
m  uiider  the  cirdiufr 


OSfmv  9«  TAJIflOUTKftt 


stances  of  their  situation,  without  any  other  advantages  than  th* 
education  and  example  of  their  parents,  wliich,  however,  seemed 
to  have  been  studiously  attended  to,  and  did  them  great  credit. 

The  next  day  was  appointed  for  visiting  the  mission.  Accom- 
panied by  Menzies  and  some  of  the  oflScers,  and  Seignor  Sal,  the 
captain  rode  thither  to  dinner.  The  uniform,  mild,  and  kind- 
hearted  disposition  of  this  religious  order  has  never  failed  to 
attach  to  their  intereat  the  aSi.«ction8  of  the  natives,  wherever  they 
have  sat  down  amongst  them;  this  is  a  very  happy  circumstance, 
for  their  situation  otherwise  would  be  excessively  precarious;  as 
(hey  are  protected  only  by  five  soldiers,  who  reside  under  the  di- 
,eetion9  of  a  corporal,  in  the  buildings  of  the  mission  at  some 
distance  on  the  other  side  of  the  church.  The  natives,  however, 
aeenied  to  have  treated  with  the  most  perfect  indifference  tli.j  pre- 
cepts, and  laborious  example  of  their  truly  worthy  and  benevolent 
pastors.  Their  peraons,  genarally  speaking,  were  under  the  mid- 
dle size,  and  very  ill  made ;  their  faces  ugly,  preaenting  a  dull, 
heavy,  and  stupid  countenance,  devoid  of  aensibility  or  the  least 
expression. 

On  the  3dth,  they  set  sail  for  Monterrey,  where  they  found  the 
Diedalus,  and  also  Seignor  Qaudra,  with  his  broad  pendant  on 
board  the  brig  Acteon.  He,  as  well  as  the  acting  governor, 
Seignor  Anquilla,  both  behaved  in  the  most  friendly  and  liberal 
manner.  They  sailed  on  the  14th  of  January,  and  on  the  12th 
of  February  arrived  off  the  north-east  point  of  Owhyhee.  Having, 
on  the  21st  of  February,  reached  Tyahtatooa,  Captain  Vancou- 
ver was  honored  with  a  visit  from  Tomaahmaah,  the  king  of  the 
island  of  Owhyhee,  a  chief  of  an  open,  cheerful,  and  sensible 
mind,  combined  with  great  senerosity  and  goodness  of  disposition. 
He  was  accompanied  by  John  Young,  an  English  seaman,  who 
possessed  much  influence  with  him.  The  queen  and  some  of  bia 
nMJcBty's  relations  slso  visited  on  board. 

They  were  much  pleaaed  with  the  decorum  and  general  eoo- 
luct  of  this  royal  party.  Though  it  consisted  of  many,  yet  not 
one  rolicited  even  the  moat  inconaiderabie  article,  nor  did  ihey 
appear  to  have  any  expectation  of  receiving  presents.  Bding  d^ 
iermiued  that  nuthinff  ahould  be  wanting  to  preserve  the  harmony 
and  good  underatanding  that  seemed  to  nave  taken  place  between 
tb.em,  and  having  learned  from  Young,  that  the  royal  visiters  did 
ni*.  entertain  the  moat  distaat  idea  of  accepting  any  thin^  from 
the  captain,  until  they  had  flrat  set  the  example;  he  conaidci'ed 
thit  ^  good  opportunity  to  manifest  a  friendly  diaposition  towards 
then  by  preaenta  suitable  to  their  respective  ranks  and  situations. 
Aceo.aiii^ly,  auch  articlea  were  distributed  as  they  knew  were 
likely  to  be  highly  acceptable  to  the  whole  party.  Thia  diatribu* 
tion  being  finiahed,  anu  the  whole  party  made  very  happy,  the 
kins,  in  iwldition  to  what  he  had  before  received,  was  preaeuted 
witnnaearlet  oloak,  that  reached  from  hia  neck  to  the  ground, 


■J 


¥Ss;i;7-.'3r,>-ry"Sr!!H'P''«i~ 


^ 


iSSliJeWrf.  "^  *^  ?^'^'  ?kTife  benefit  of  the  pr«pni««. 

•ff„  ZMiMoealcd  tlBit  the  ••P»"*V^!l--«hkd  to«w4»  <*• 
'**••*•••  •!i^Thev  foooa  the  wwmott  •^^^"^.w,  h»lif«^ 


fet'sati^^^^r 


lyed  at  ooea  tbs 

rapture,  ud  lo 

itaia  biin.    Hit 

le  cabin  of  OMiqr 

IvaryhotuduoF 

_ia  raaidaao*  4 

Uniarty'a  fevorita 

lith.  ao  Iriabmu, 

Itaae  Davia.  w|io 

er  Fair  Anarieaa. 

wen  taken  AkUr 

M  Bwch  irritated 

people  bfOeagioC 

»y  TMaameeloe, « 

Mbiaaah  cauaedio 

itoftheprapneter. 

ooner,  waa  thrown 

ber  every  thkif«e 

ng.    In  tiiia  aAir, 

deavoriM,  by  fche 

uagaod  l>avia.b«t 


Meaoua.- .-..    , 
^ttotb»ao««ni|D 

ir«8  o»aT,  tl«r  ••»• 
>  Tamaalpieeh^W 
iddiag  to  bia  eewp- 
be  attended  ea-ahore 

lembled  townr^M^ 
iiu  of  the  he^ij^ 
e  bundled  Mdjfky 
d  into  three  ■artiiii 
1  ^  ,  unto,  diatw^ 
repreaeptthe^jplMe 
my  of  Taiaaabifaeh 
Mkited  atieiie.^M* 

the-eaeof  ^rt*»MP" 
tvfiaeed  tMNwde^ 

ier,  — •-'- — -*^ 

m  —  :^^ 


.  thmt* 

their^flfBB 

nib 


e<i  ^niliMHnr  wwe  yet  vary  «eaaMenble,n«d  H 
to  observe  the  ereat  good-humor  and  eveaneaa  cf  temper  that «« 
prMerved  by  thoae  who  were  thus  injt  ed.  Thin  battle  wee  a 
nere  •kirmiah,  neither  party  being  supported,  nor  advancing  In 
any  order,  but  suoh  aa  the  fancy  or  the  individuals  directed. 
Some  would  advance  even  from  the  rear  to  the  front,  where  they 
would  throw  their  apaars,  and  instantly  retreat  into  the  midst  of 
their  associates,  or  would  remain  picking  up  the  spears  that  had 
ialleo  without  eflbc  These  they  would  aomethnee  hurl  again  «l 
the  foe,  or  hastily  retreat,  with  two  or  throe  in  their  possession. 
Those,  however,  who  valued  themselves  on  military  aduevementa, 
mtrciied  np  towards  the  front  of  the  adverse  party,  and  in  a 
vaiintijpg  manner  bid  defiance  to  the  whole  of  their  adversariea. 
In  their  left  hand  they  held  their  anear,  with  which,  in  a  cootemptn* 
COS  mnnner,  they  parried  aome  or  thoae  of  their  opponents,  whikt, 
with  their  right,  they  caught  others  in  the  act  <n  flying  immedi* 
tieiy  at  them,  and  instantly  returned  them  with  great  dexterity. 
In  this  exercise  no  one  eeeased  to  eicel  his  Owhyhean  majesty, 
who  entered  the  lists  for  a  short  tinm  and  defiinded  himaelf  with 
the  greatest  dexterity,  much  to  their  surprise  and  admiration,  in 
one  instance  particularly,  against  aix  spears,  that  were  burled-nt 
hiffl  nearly  at  the  aame  mstaat;  three  ho  caught  aa  they  ware  fly- 
ing, with  one  hand;  two  he  broke,  hy  parrying  them  with  ma 
tpcar  in  the  other;  and  the  aikth,  by  n  trifling  melination  of  bin 
body,  passed  hamileas. 

This  part  nf  the  combat  tma  btended  to  repreaentthe  kiof  w 
having  been  auddenly  diaeovered  by  the  enemy,  in  n  eftnati'm 
where  he  waa  least  expected  lo  be  found;  and  tlio  ahowerof  dana 
that  were  inatantly  directed  to  that  4|uartep,  wave  intended  to 
show  that  he  was  u  the  most  iannnent  danger;  until  adviAoMg 
a  few  pacea,  with  the  whole  body  of  his  army  more  closely  ees^ 
neoted,  and  throwing  thoir  apeara  with  the  utmost  exertion,  he 
ctnsed  the  enemy  to  ftll  bnek  in  eome  little  confusion,  and  h* 
hnuelf  rejoined  tiM  English,  without  having  reeeived  the  eliglM* 
est  injury. 

The  eonseqnencee  attendant  en  the  first  man  being  kilM,  «r 
being  so  wounded  aa  to  fall  on  the  diaputed  ground  between  the 
enatendmg  amuea,  were  next  exhibited.  Tbb  event  caoaeadw 
loss  of  maiqr  livae,  nnd  mneb  bleed,  in  the  conflict  that  taltea 
|rfaee,  in  oiaer  to  reeeue  the  nafonvnirte  individual,  who,  if  enr> 
ried  off  by  the  adverae  party,  dead  or  alive,  beoomee  an  ithmadi 
■te  saeriMe  at  the  nmrai.  On  this  eeoanon,  the  ivounded  man 
e«s  supposed  to  be  one  ef Tlteeieeils  eeldiers,  and  nntiltbla 
aakeppy  period  no  advMla|{e<appeMed  on  either  aide;  but  now 
the  dispute  beemne  -very  aavione,  w«  wail  supported  on  air  aid«^ 
«Mi  viototy  still  seemed  to  hoM  « level 'acde,  oatU,  at  hsngth,  tim 
Mppeaedwiniae  of  TMoaadl^Mrae  AdI  baek,  whllat  that  af 


A 


Uiim.ijiWl'rinriie't"'rT'-'"''^'^*''^^ '"     '"' '"  ritHlm- 


^Olteita^ 


■n  CATtAUt  •    TAircOOTBB. 

dragging  the  poor  fellowi,  (who  already  had  been  mueh  trampled 
upon)  by  the  heels,  some  distance  through  a  light,  loose  aand;  and 
who,  notwithstanding  their  eyes,  ears,  mouth,  and  nostrils,  were 
by  this  ipeans  filled,  were  no  sooner  permitted  to  use  their  legs, 
than  they  ran  into  tho  soa,  washed  themselves,  and  appeared  as 
happy  and  as  cheerful  as  if  nothing  had  happened. 

Id  this  riot-like  engagement,  the  principal  chiefs  were  consid* 
ered  to  bcar.no  part;  and,  on  its  being  thus  concluded,  each 
party  sat  quietly  down  on  the  ground,  and  a  parley,  or  some  otl.er 
sort  of  conversation  took  place.  The  chiefs  were  now  supposed 
to  have  arrived  at  the  theatre  of  war,  which  had  hitherto  been 
carried  on  by  the  common  people  only  of  both  parties;  a  very 
usual  mode  of  proceeding  among  these  islanders.  They  now  on 
both  sides  came  forward,  eunrded  by  a  number  of  men  armdl 
with  spears  of  great  length,  called  pallalooB.  These  weapons 
•re  never  relinquished  but  by  death,  or  captivity;  the  former  is 
the  most  common.  They  are  not  barbed,  but  reduced  to  a  small 
point,  and  though  not  very  sharp,  yet  are  capable  of  giving  deep 
■ad  mortal  wounds  by  the  force  and  manner  with  which  they  are 
used.  The  missive  spears  are  all  barbed  about  six  inches  from 
the  point,  and  are  generally  from  seven  to  eight  feet  long. 

The  warriors  armed  with  the  pcdlalooB  now  advanced  with  a 
considerable  degree  of  order,  and  a  scene  of  very  different  ex- 

Eloits  commenced;  presenting,  in  comparison  to  what  before  had 
een  exhibited,  a  wonderful  degree  of  improved  knowledge  in 
military  evolutions.  This  body  of  men,  composing  several  ranks, 
formed  in  close  and  regular  order,  constituted  a  firm  and  compact 

fhalanx,  which  in  actual  service  was  not  easily  to  be  broiten. 
laving  reached  the  spot  in  contest,  they  sat  down  on  the  ground 
about  thirty  yards  asunder,  and  pointed  their  pallalooB  at  each 
other.  After  a  short  interval  of  silence,  a  conversation  com* 
menoed,  and  Taio  was  supposed  to  state  his  opinion  respecting 
peace  and  war.  The  arguments  seemed  to  be  argued  and  sup* 
ported  with  equal  energy  on  both  sides.  When  peace  under  oer* 
tain  stipulations  was  proposed,  the  pa/Zaiooa  were  inclined  towards 
thjB  ground,  and  when  war  was  announced,  their  points  were 
railed  to  a  certain  degree  of  elevation.  Both  parties  put  on  the 
appearance  of  being  much  upon  their  guard,  and  to  watch  aaeh 
other  with  a  jealous  eye,  whilst  this  negotiation  was  going  for* 
ward;  which,  however,  not  terminating  amicablv,  their  reapeetive 
ohuma  remained  to  be  decided  by  the  fate  of  a  battle.  Nearly  at 
the  same  instant  of  time  they  all  arose,  and,  in  elose  oolnmns. 
net  each  other  by  slow  advances.  This  movement  they  eoadueted 
with  much  order  and  regularity,  frequently  shifting  their  ground, 
md  guarding  with  great  ciioumspeotion  against  the  various 
•draitages  of  their  opponents;  whilst  the  inferior  bands  were 
wppoaed  to  b«  Mgingad  on  eaoh  wing  with  speara  andalinga. 
Tht  mioeMi  of  th*  ooMmI,  hom^Ht,  liMMd  to  depwid  MHiitly 


iWWJIP.i 


OAfTAIV  O.  ▼AffCOCTBm. 


m 


in  maeh  tnunpM 

t,  loou  sand;  and 

d  nostrils,  were 

to  use  their  legs, 

,  and  appeared  as 

led. 

hiefs  were  consid* 

s  concluded,  each 

rley,  or  some  otLer 

ere  now  supposed 

had  hitherto  been 

Dth  parties;  a  very 

ers.    They  now  on 

iber  of  men  armed 

•.     These  weapons 

ivity;  the  former  is 

t  reduced  to  a  small 

>able  of  giving  deep 

with  which  they  are 

)out  six  inches  from 

ght  feet  long. 

iow  advanced  with  a 

of  very  different  ex« 

n  to  what  before  had 

proved  knowledge  in 

posing  several  ranks, 

)d  a  firm  and  compact 

easily  to  be  broken. 

t  down  on  the  ground 

sir  piUloloot  at  each 

a  conversation  com* 

is  opinion  respecting 

»  be  argued  and  sup« 

hen  peace  under  cer* 

were  inclined  towards 

id,  their  points  were 

>th  parties  put  oo  the 

I,  and  to  watch  Mwh 

iatioQ  was  going  fbr> 

sably,  tktir  ret^Metive 

r  a  battle.    Nearly  at 

id,  in  elose  eolnmns. 

ement  they  eoadiieted 

ihifting  their  gronad, 

against  th«  various 

)  inferior  bands  were 

ith  speara  andaiiii|a. 

■d  to  depMd  Mitirtly 


on  those  with  the  paUalooM,  who  firmly  disputed  every  inch  of  th« 
ground,  by  parrying  each  other's  lunses  with  the  areatest  dexter- 
Uy,  until  some  to  the  left  of  Titeeree  s  centre  fell.  This  greativ 
encouraged  Tamaahmaah's  party,  who,  rushing  forward  with 
shouts  and  great  impetuosity,  broke  the  ranks  of  their  opponents, 
and  victc  "  was  declared  for  the  arms  of  Owhyhee,  by  the  sup- 
posod  death  of  several  of  the  enemies;  these  at  length  retreated; 
and,  d  being  more  closely  pressed,  the  war  was  <wcided  by  th« 
supposed  death  of  Titeeree  and  Taio;  and  those  who  had  tb« 
honor  of  personating  these  chiefs,  were,  like  those  before,  dragged 
in  triumph  by  the  heels  over  no  small  extent  of  loose  sandy  beech, 
to  be  presented  to  the  victorious  Tamaohmaah,  and  for  the  sup- 
posed purpose  of  being  sacrificed  at  his  moral.  These  p<jbr  feU- 
ows,  liae  those  before  mentioned,  bore  their  treatjnent  \fith  tb« 
greatest  good  humor. 

Having  sailed  from  Owhyhee,  they  arrived  on  the  10th  of  Mareh 
offMowee.  On  the  13th  they  were  honored  with  the  presence 
of  Titeeree,  who  was  considered  as  king  of  all  the  islands  to  the 
leeward  of  Owhyhee;  and  that  from  him  Taio  derived  his  author- 
ity. He  came  boldly  alongside,  but  entered  the  ship  with  a  5ort 
of  partial  confidence,  accompanied  by  several  chiefs;  he  was 
greatly  debilitated  and  emaciated;  and,  from  the  color  of  bis  skin, 
tbey  judged  his  feebleness  to  have  been  brought  on  by  an  excess- 
ive use  of  the  ava.  Amongst  the  articles  presented  to  him  on 
this  occasion,  was  a  cloak,  similar  to  those  given  Tamaahmaah, 
this  highly  delighted  him;  and  he  was  also  well  pleased  with  the 
other  presents  fij  received. 

After  some  further  interchange  of  civilities,  and  much  negotiaf 
tion  ruspectinff  the  wished  for  peace.  Captain  Vancouver  sailed 
from  Mowee  the  18th  of  March,  having  TomohomQho  on  board, 
and  on  the  20th  reached  Whyteetee,  in  Woahoo.  One  double 
canoe  only  made  its  appearance.  In  this  came  James  Coleman, 
one  of  the  three  men  they  found  last  year,  left  by  Mr.  Kendriok, 
at  Attowai.  The  21  at,  Coleman,  with  Tomohomoho  and  Ten- 
navce,  came  on  board. ,  The  two  chiefs  desired  the  captain  would 
attend  them  into  the  cabin;  when,,  after  shutting  all  the  doors, 
thev  informed  him  that  the  n|an  who  had  murdered  Mr.  Hergest, 
whn  two  others  who  had  been  equally  active  and  guilty,  were  in 
the  fore  part  of  the  canoe,  and  that  no  time  shnulcTbe  lost  in  se- 
curing tiiem,  lest  any  thing  should  transpire,  and  they  should 
Sain  make  their  escape.  On  the  22d,  a  few  of  the  natives  were 
out  the  abip,  but  not  so  manv  as  on  the  former  days.  After 
breakfast,  Coleman,  with  Tomohomoho  and  Tennavee,  came  on 
board.  The  two  Is^tter  demanded  the  immediate  oxeoution  of 
the  prisoners.  This,  however,  was  not  complied  with,  as  it  wu 
deemed  right  that  they  should  again  be  aecused  by  their  own 
chisft,  b  the  presfince  of  all  the  witnesses,  of  the  crime  with 
vkkk  tiMqrileodehaffged,  in  order,  if  possible,  todnw  firon  them 


fl^ 


MUrtPU!^  C;  TiMttfOViR. 


t  eonfitwtoi  of  their  goHt,  sad  to  mum  tho  opporttmftJr'wMelf 
before  iiad  beeo  giren  them,  of  prodneingeomo  evidence  m  proof 
(^  their  innocence.  Nothing,  nowever.  could  be  estorted  from 
mtsy  of  them,  but  that  thejrwere  total]/  ignorant  of  any  aneh  cir« 
eomataneia  haviog  ever  happened  on  the  island.  Tim  very  ae^ 
■ertion  ainounted  ahnoet  to  aelf-convietioD,  -aa  it-  i>  not  ewjr  t^ 
believe,  that  the  ezecntion  of  their  comrades,  by  TiteereeVi 
oviere.  fiir  the  saine  oiftnee  widi  wliich  thej  had  be«i  charged, 
bad  not  come  to  thehr,  knowledge,  or  that  it  could  have  eaeaped 
their  reeoUectiott.  Neither  the  captain  nor  the  ofBeert  dieeovered 
aajr  reaaon^  firom  the  reeah  of  this  (farther  examination,  to  retract 
or  idter  their  former  opinion  of  their  guilt,  or  of  delivering  them 
oregr  to  their  own  people,  to  be  dealt  with  according  to  the  diree* 
timM  of  their  chiea. 

That. the  ceremony  mightbe-made  as  solemn  and  awftil  ae  pee^ 
sible,  a  suard  of  seamen  and  mariners  were  drawn  up  on  that  side 
of  the  ship  opposite  to  the  shore,  where,  alongside  of  the  shipi 
a  canoe  was' stationed  for  the  eaeention.  The  rest  of  the  crew 
were  in  readiness  at  the  great  guns,  lest  any  disturbance  or 
commotion  should  aris^.  One  ceremony,  however,  remained  yet 
to  be  performed.  One  of  these  unfortunate  men  had  long  hair; 
tbitit  was  necessary  ahould  be  cnt  flrom  his  head  before  he  was- 
fttcuted,  for  the  purpose  of' being  presented,  as  a  customary 
tribtato  on  such  occasions,  to  the  kiiw  of  tho  island.  They  were 
shocked  at  the  want  of  feding  exhibued  by  the  two  chieft  atthtl 
awfbl-  moment;  who,  in  the  rudest  manner,  not  only  cut  off  the 
hair,  but,  in  tliA  presence  of  the  poor  sulforing  wreteh,  without 
th»  Meet  oompasttoB  for  h{»  sitaatHM',  disputed  and  strove  for  the 
heoor  of  presentias  the-  prize  to-  the  king<  The  odious  contest 
being  at  length  settled,  the-  erimimds  were  taken  one  by  one  inte 
a  double  canoe,  where  thef  vrere  lashed  hand  wad  foot,  and  put 
to  death  by  Tannavoe,  their  o*i*n  chief,  who  blew  out  their  bratet 
with  B  pMtol;  and  so  dexterously  was  the  melancholy  ofRee  per» 
formed,  that  lifo  fled  with  the  report  of  the  piece,  and  museolar 
motion  seemed  a^moat  iMIantly  to  cease. 

Tbfer  now  bade  adieu  to  the  Sindwieh  Islands,  and  made  the 
beat 'or  their  way  for  Noolka.  The  Discf  rery  arrived  the  90th  of 
Miy.  Mr.  Ptiget  had  arrived  with  the  Chatham  on  the  1 5th  of 
April,  and  departed  thenee  the  IBth  of  May,  according  to  hie  in- 
strnetions,  to  proeeed  in  the  survey  of  the  coaet.  In  the  eoi^rse 
of  oontinuing  the  examination  of  the  coest,  they  met  with  seme- 
IndiMis  of  very  diflbreot  behavior  fitem  those  they  had  hitherto 
seen.  The  survey  wee  oontinoed  sednhMialytill  the  fith  of  Oeto>> 
IMW,  when  both  veiaela  returned  t»Noetke.  llieusual  eeremoniee 
of  saluteoi  and  other  fofnalitiee  having  paaaed^  aeeoiNpanied  br 
Mr.  Piigeti  Vaneoover  wait«#o»Sewr.  Saavadrfti  tbeeommmAi 
Mtof  the  piMtMirho  Bai4,  thM  he  had  netreeeii'wdhn)'  i«telMfeMM% 


OATMHI'M  TANCa 


bvidenee  in  proof 
be  eitorted  ttom 
I  of  any  sueb  ciiw 
1.    This  rtry  m* 
|i^  is  not  etsjr  m- 
hy  Titetfrw^ 
optn  ebarged, 
lid  hmreose«p«d 
|flieersdiieoter«d 
nation,  to  ratraet 
dfellvering  thtfm 
ldingt»th*dir««> 

land  awflf I  as  pfM^ 
kn  up  on  that  Hide 
gaide  of  the  sMp^ 
'  rest  of  the  crew 
ly  disturbance  or 
Iver,  remained  yet 
!n  had  long  hair; 
tad  before  he  wai> 
.  as  a  eustoniiiry 
land.    They  were 
^  two  chieA  at  tht(h 
>t  only  cut  off  the 
g  wreteh^  withoat 
ani  strove  fiMr  tftte 
'he  odious  contest 
m  one  by  one  ioie 
•tad  foot,  and  put 
m  out  their  br8iit> 
incholy  ofltee  per* 
«e,  and  nusenlar 

ds,  and  made  the 
irrived  the  90th  of 
iffl  on  the  Iflth  of 
wording  to  hie  in- 
it.  In  the  cmlrirMi 
ly  met  with  some 
they  had  hitherto 
I  the  Ml  of  Oetei> 
usMsl  eeremoniee 
■eeompMiiMi  br 
■ft,  theeomnMUMi* 
^ea)*  iMelNgeMN% 


fisBl  Wi»itarifrth»epring ;  and  that  neillMPtlMDttdall», 
other  shtp-ivith  stores,  bad  been  there. 

Qhving  quitted -Nootka,  nothing  of  importance  oceatred  tilb 
their  arrival,  on  the  19th,  in  Port  St.  Franeiseo.  They  were  aeaK 
hailed  from- the  shore,  upon  which  a  beat' was- despatched  thttbaiip 
and  immediately  returned  with  their  civil  and  attentive  firiead$. 
Seignor  Sel;  who,  in  addition  to  the  oflbrs  of  his  services  md< 
hoep^ity,  sratiiied  them  by  coomunicating  the  interestiag-  ift» 
tslligence  of  the  state  of  Europe,  up  to  so  late  a  date  as  the  pep»>- 
oedtog  F^nruary.  In  proceeding  towards  MoiUerroy,  tb^  nei^ 
10  lAtle  progress,  that  they  wore  still  at  no  great  distance  frsasiSli. 
FWmctoeo  next  morning,  the  3dth;  when  a  vessel  waadeserieAt 
tothe  north>north-west ;  and,  on  standiM  tow^urds  her,  she  prov«# 
to  be  the  Daedalus.  On  the  Ist  of  November,  they  reaafaedl' 
Monterrey  with  the  Daedalus. 

Having  anchored  beibre  another  Spanish  establisbnisnt,  Vast*- 
eoover  sent  Lieutenant  Swaine  to  inmrm  the  commuiding  oflhser 
at  the  presidio  of  their  arrival.  The  next  morningi  >cciimpairie<r 
by  Lieutenants  Puget  and  Hanson,  Vancouver  paid  his  luspaplftj 
on  shore  to  Seignor  Don  Phelipe  Goycochea,  the  commandMl  eft 
the  establishment  of  Santa  Barbara,  and  lieutenant  in  tto  Spanieh 
infantry.  The  pleasing  society  of  their  good  friends  at  the  missioat 
snd  presidio,  was  augmented  by  the  arrival  of  Friar  Vinca 
Sla.  Maria,  one  of  the  reverend  fathers  of  the  mission  of  Bi 
Vientura;  situated  about  seven  lesgues  from  hence,  on  the 
coast  to  the  south-eastward.  At  eight  in  the  evening  they  aaehesM 
ed  in  ffiHeen  (hthoms  water,  about  a  league  to  tiM  westward  at 
Biiena  Yentura.  Their  reverend  friend  eapressed  great  satisfim»t> 
tion  at  the  mode  of  his  return  to  the  mission;  and  said,  that  Uei 
voyage  hither  would  probably  lay  the  foundation  for  removingtlM 
absurd  and  deep-rooted  prejudice  that  had  ever  existed  amongaitlMl 
several  tribes  of  Indians  in  his  neighborhood,  who,  flrom  their  aariK 
sstinfhnoy,  had  invariably  regarded  all  strangers  as  their  -n  v^ 

Nothing  of  consequence  occurred  till  their  arrival,  on  i'tt4 
of  January,  1794,  at  Owhyhee,  off  the  Bay  of  Whyealea, 
their  return  was  proclaimed  by  shouts  of  joy,  and  tSr )  v«rc  \  ir:i-*m 
by  Tamaahmaali,  rdoiced  to  meet  his  friends  at  thu  his  ft  !>•..>«, 
part  of  the  island.  Their  course  was  now  directed  ronrKl  'k<i  tuti 
point  of  the  island,  and  as  they  worked  into  the  bay  of 'r^ivfVvkoMii 
many  of  the  inhabitants  were  assembled  on  the  sdortiM,  who  •■> 
nounced  their  congrriu?itfions  by  shouts  of  joy;  -u  ly  of  their 
(brmer  ftiends,  particularly  of  the  fair  sex,  lost  no  time  Ji  tesii^ 
ing  the  sincerity  of  the  public  sentiment  in  their  favor.  Young* 
wo  Duvisthoy  had  likewise  the  pleasure  of  finding  in  theeker«inli 
of  those  jndicieas  principles  they  had  so  wisely  adopted^  «rf 
wbidb,  by  their  eaample  and  advice,  had  so  uniformiy  been  op*) 
ried'iBtoefll«t. 

On  Thuredhy  the aOlb,  they  nere-flivaved  wMb  tltmoMopufitii 


WMMi 


acMHM** 


MMHMM 


Mti 


^ 


:i'n'"  ■--•'^'i-[--^-^iJJJ 


OAVTAiir  o.  vANcoimn. 


I 


Tmrrce«ny4ee,  Grymamahoo,  Tianna,  and  mom  other  chMft, 
from  the  distant  parts  of  the  island.  Their  arrival  had  been  in  , 
consequence  of  a  summons  from  the  king,  who  had  called  the 
g^rand  council  of  the  island,  on  the  subject  of  its  cession  to  the 
crown  of  Great  Britain,  which  was  unanimously  desired.  These 
chiefs  brought  intelligence,  that  a  quantity  of  timber,  which  had 
been  sent  tor  at  the  captain's  request,  was  on  its  way  hither;  it 
had  been  cut  down  under  the  direction  of  an  Enslishman,  named 
Boyd,  formerly  mate  of  the  sloop  Washington,  out  who  had  re^ 
linquished  that  way  of  life,  and  had  entered  into  the  service  of 
Tamaahmaah.  He  appeared  in  the  character  of  a  shipwright, 
and  had  undertaken  to  build,  with  these  materials,  a  vessel  A>| 
the  king,  after  the  European  fashion ;  but  both  himself  and  hie 
comrades.  Young  and  Davis,  were  fearful  of  encountering  too 
many  difficulties,  especially  as  they  were  all  much  at  a  loss  in  the 
first  outset,  that  of  laying  down  the  keel.  This  aflTorded  Van* 
couvor  an  opportunity  of  conferring  on  Tamaahnaaah  a  favor  that 
he  valued  far  beyond  every  other  obligation,  by  permitting  his 
earpenters  to  begin  the  vessel,  from  whose  example,  and  the  as- 
sistance of  these  three  engineers,  he  was  in  hopes  that  his  people 
would  hereafter  be  able  to  build  boats  and  small  vessels  for  them- 
selves. On  Saturday,  the  1st  of  February,  they  laid  down  the 
keel,  and  began  to  prepare  the  frame-work  of  his  Owhyhean 
majesty's  first  man-of  war.  The  length  of  its  keel  was  thirty-six 
feet,  the  extreme  breadth  of  the  vessel  nine  feet  and  a  quarter, 
and  the  depth  of  her  hold  about  five  feet ;  her  name  was  to  be 
The  B'itannia,  «nd  was  intended  as  a  protection  to  the  royal  per- 
son oi  Tamaahmaah ;  and  few  circumstances  in  his  life  ever  af- 
forded him  more  satisfaction. 

Some  soleitin  religious  rites  being  now  to  take  place,  Captain 
Vancouver  had  frequently  expressed  to  Tamaahmaah  a  desire  of 
being  present  on  some  of  these  occasions;  and  he  now  informed 
him  ne'had  obtaik!  >d  the  consent  of  the  priests,  provided  he  would, 
during  the  continuance  of  the  interdiction,  attend  to  all  the  restric- 
tiona  which  their  religion  demanded.  The  restraints  imposed  con- 
eisted  chiefly  in  four  particulars:  first,  a  total  seclusion  from  the 
company  of  women;  secondly,  partaking  of  no  food  but  such  as 
«as  pi-eviously  consecrated;  th.rdly,  being  confined  to  the  land, 
and  not  being  afloat  or  wet  \vi'  .lea-water;  and  fourthly,  not  re- 
ceiving, or  even  touching,  the  most  trivial  article  firom  any  one 
who  had  not  attended  the  ceremonies  at  the  moral. ,  Their  prayers 
leemed  to  have  some  resularity  and  form,  and  thby  did  not  omit 
to  pray  ibr  the  welfare  orhis  Britannic  majesty,  and  their  safe  and 
happy  return  to  their  native  country.  The  intermediate  dsy,  the 
ISth,  and  the  second  night,  were  passed  in  prayer,  during  which 
they  found  no  difficulty  in  complying  with  the  prescribed  regular- 
tioM,  and  soon  after  the  sun  rose,  the  14th,  tney  were  absolved 
ftoa  any  further  attention  to  theijr  aaered  uo))iuieti«ma 


•^1 


•ATTAur  e.  TAireomm. 


■way 


r 


oihwr  chMft, 

'  had  been  in  , 

ad  called  the 

cesaion  to  the 

aired.    These 

er,  which  had 

hither;  it 

named 

who  had  re^ 

the  service  of 

a  shipwright, 

is,  a  vessel  for 

imself  and  his 

countering  too 

at  a  loss  in  the 

afforded  Van- 

ah  a  favor  that 

permitting  his 

pie,  and  the  as- 

8  that  his  people 

vessels  for  them* 

laid  down  the 

his  Owhyhean 

el  was  thirty-six 

^t  and  a  quarter, 

*  name  was  to  be 

to  the  royal  per- 

I  his  life  ever  af- 

:e  place,  Captain 
imaah  a  desire  of 
he  now  informed 
rovidad  he  would, 
1  to  all  the  restric* 
ints  imposed  con- 
eclusion  from  the 
food  but  such  as 
Sned  to  the  land, 
I  fourthly,  not  re- 
sle  from  any  one 
i.  Their  prayers 
thby  did  not  omit 
ind  their  safe  and 
rmediate  day,  the 
l^er,  during  which 
trescribed  regula- 
ley  were  absolved 
iti'tna 


The  eemion  of  Owhyhee  to  his  Britannic  mitjestj  beemne  now 
an  object  of  serious  concern.  Some  little  delay  and  difficulty, 
however,  arose  from  the  absence  of  two  chiefs,  Commanow,  who 
from  local  circumstances  could  not  quit  his  government,  and  Tap 
maahmooto,  chief  of  Coarra,  the  person  who  had  captured  the 
Fair  American  schooner. 

At  one  of  their  evening  amusements  the  captain  was  very  well 
entertained.  This  was  a  performance  by  a  single  young  woman 
of  the  name  of  Packoo,  whose  person  and  manners  were  ^both  very 
agreeable.  Her  dress,  notwithstanding  the  heat  of  ihe^  weather, 
consisted  of  an  immense  quantity  of  thin  duth,  which  was  wound 
lound  her  waist,  and  extended  as  low  as  her  knees.  This  was 
plaited  in  such  a  manner  as  to  give  a  pretty  efToct  to  the  varie* 
gated  pattern  of  the  cloth;  and  was  otherwise  disposed  with 
great  taste.  Her  head  and  neck  wore  decorated  with  wreaths  of 
black,  red,  and  yellow  feathers;  but,  excepting  these,  she  wore 
no  dress  from  the  waist  upwards.  Her  ankles,  and  nearly  half 
way  up  her  legs,  were  decorated  with  several  folds  ef  cloth,  wide* 
ning  upwards,  so  that  tho  upper  parts  extended  from  the  leg  at 
least  four  inches  all  round,  this  was  encompassed  by  a  piece  of 
net-work,  wrought  very  close,  from  the  meshes  of  which  were 
hung  the  small  teeth  of  dogs,  giving  this  part  of  her  dress  the  ap« 

[learance  of  an  ornamental  funnel.  Qn  her  wrists  she  wore  brace« 
ets  made  of  the  tusks  frnn  the  largest  hogs.  These  were  highly 
polished  and  fixed  close  together  in  a  ring,  the  concave  sides  or 
*he  tusks  being  outwards;  and  their  ends  reduced  to  an  uniform 
length,  curving  naturally  each  way  from  the  centre,  were  by  no 
means  destitute  of  ornamental  egect.  Thus  equipped,  her  ap- 
p<!arance  on  the  stage,  before  she  uttered  a  single  word,  excited 
can^iderable  applause  from  the  numerous  spectators,  who  observ- 
ed tlip  greatest  good  order  and  decorum.  In  her  performance, 
which  was  in  the  open  air,  she  was  accompanied  by  two  men,  who 
were  seated  on  the  ground  in  'he character  of  :nu8icians.  Their 
instrumontr  'Arere  both  aUtic.  and  were  made  of  the  jutsides  or 
shells  of  largs  gourds,  o'pen  at  the  tops;  the  lower  ends  ground 
perfectly  flat,  nnd  as  tliin  as  possible,  without  uttrl.tnge'ing  their 
splitting.  n\>  )e  vere  struck  on  the  ground  covered  with  n  small 
Quantity  oi  uried  gracs,  and  in  the  interval  bet'.veon  etch  stroke, 
they  beat  with  their  hands  and  fingers  on  the  sides  of  these  instru- 
ments, to  accompany  their  vocal  exertions,  which,  with  the  variouv 
motions  of  their  hands  and  body,  and  the  vivacity  of  their  counte- 
^lanues,  plainly  demonstrated  the  interest  the>  had,  not  only  in 
excelling  in  their  own  parts  but  also  in  the  applause  which  the 
lady  acauired  by  her  performance,  adv.nncing  or  retreating  from 
the  musicians  a  few  short  steps  in  various  directions,  as  the  ^4f 
ture  of  the  subject,  and  the  numerous  gestures  and  motions  of 
her  person  demanded.  Her  speech,  or  pdem,  was  first  began  in 
•  alow,  end  lomewhat  solemn  manner,  and  gradually  became  en- 


3fi'i^??SJir-.?ww*«w««' 


s,,;«)**-5rf*i''?'?3??P'«eR-^^^:^ 


MfNn6{  pfBbMNj^MI'uM  MHJ49I*  BlMlW'b'MMfM  UlttfNIRnw^'  Mttil 
Mlength,  like  a  troe  aetraMi  the  UmiineM  of  ber  imagiMtton 
produced  a  vooiftroue  oratioat  aeeoaipamed  bj^vioient  emtttioini 
Tbese  were  receive  with  ebouts  of- great  applauee^  and  ritbougii 
fbey  were  not  suffleientiy  aequaintm  with  the  UngQage  ta- eaa> 

Erehend  the  subject,  yet  they  could  not  help  beii^f^  pleMed  in  a 
igh  degree  with  the  performance. 

On  the  35th  of  February,  Tanaahmaab,  King  of  Owbyhee,  in 
eonncil  with  the  principal  chiefs  of  the  inland,  aasembled  on  board 
thr  Discovery,  in  Karaikakooa  bay,  and  in  the  presence  of  George 
Vincouver,  her  commander,  and  Lieutenant  Feter  Poget,  com- 
ffjander  of  the  armed  tender  the  Chatham,  and  the  other  officers 
of  the  Discovery,  after  due  corisideration,  unanimously  ceded  the 
island  of  Owhyhee  to  his  Britannic  majesty,  and  acknowledged 
themselves  to  be  subjects  of  Great  Brite^n. 

Thus  concluded  their  transactions  nt  Owhyhee,  to  '^vhich  they 
bade  adiei>  about  three  in  the  morning  of  the  3d  of  March. ,  They 
leA  here,  howevef,  a  banditti  of  renegadoeti,  that,  had  qtzlHed 
difiktrent  trading  vessels  io  consequence  of  diapu!ct»  with  their  re* 
spective  commanders,  who  had  resorted  to  iUis  i<'bnd  since  the 
preceding  year,  under  American  or  Pjrtug):>?s(;  colors.  Amongst 
them  was  one  Porti>  ;,uese,  one  Chinc.n.>,  and  one  Genoese,  but 
all  the  rest  appeared  tob«  the  subjcciit  oi  ttreat  Britoin,  as  seemed 
tiao  the  major  pan  uf  the  crew  of  the  brig  Washington,  although 
they  culled  themselves  Americans.  With  Kavahecroo  also  re- 
sided, a  person  by  the  name  of  Howell,  who  had  come  to  Owhybee, 
in  the  capacity  of  a  clerk  on  board  the  Washington;  he  appe:  .d 
to  possess  a  good  understanding,  with  th^  advantages  of  an  uni> 
varsity  education,  and  had  been  once  a  clergyman  in  England, 
but  had  now  secluded  himself  from  European  society,  so  that  with 
Young,  Davis,  and  Boyd,  there  were  new  eleven  white  men  on 
the  island;  but,  excepting  from  these  latter,  there  Owhyhean 
friends  will  have  little  reaion  to  rejoice  in  any  advantages  they  will 
receive  from  their  jiew  civilized  companions. 

After  visiting  some  other  parts  of  the  Sandwich  Islands,  the 
ships  finally  bade  them  adieu  on  the  15th  of  March,  from  which 
period,  till  the  end  of  August,  the  whole  time  was  occupied  in  a 
very  extensive  and  minute  survey  of  the  coast  of  North-west 
America.  Suffice  it  to  say,  that  one  great  object  of  the  voyage 
was,  namely,  to  ascertain  the  existence  of  a  north-west  passage, 
or  anv  water  communication  navigable  for  shipping.  The  North 
Paci.''^  and  r' <>!  exterior  of  the  iunerican  continent,  within  these 
Umitri,  tvere  uompletelv  examinad,  and  it  was  proved  that  no  suoh 
oonrr^u-tication  oidexM,  n-Mwithstanding  the 'assertions  of  Fuoi^ 
Fmu?;  and  others,  on  that  subject.  On  the  9d  of  September,  tba 
'l)iaeovary  anchored  ia  Friendly  Cove,  Noetka  Sound,  whet* 
«*•••  three  of  his  Catfolic  in^csty's  «amt4  vessels,  and  i 
Kef  liib  >a^  Aaerican  tudan. 


a 


— ^/ttotn 

inw|iMtieii 

jirkilent  emotionii 

and  Bhbough 

^  -  joage  tft- codr* 

Aag  pTeined  ia  a 

of  Owbyhee,  in 
lemMed  on  board 
sence  of  George 
!ter  Puget,  com- 
be other  officers 
nously  ceded  the 
id  acknowledged 

ee,  to  Thich  they 
3f March..    Th*y 
that,  hftd   qwitied 
ufca  with  d'.eir  re- 
island  since  the 
colors.     Amongst 
one  Genoese,  but 
Brttoin,  as  seemed 
ibington,  although 
ivaheeroo  also  re- 
come  to  Owbyhee, 
jfton;  he  appe:  wd 
nntages  of  an  uni- 
l^man  in  England, 
ciety,  so  that  with 
vcu  white  men  on 
there   Owhyhean 
Ivantages  tliey  will 

wieh  lalands,  the 
aroh,  from  which 
was  occupied  in  a 
list  of  North-west 
jeet  of  the  voyage 
rtb-west  passage, 
ping.  The  North 
Bent,  within  these 
-oved  that  no  auoh 
•sertions  of  Fuo% 
of  Septennber,  the 
k«  Sound,  w<het« 


JKt''  IV diiwfeir^tlfvf  niifsiid  <ri  tiitf  Sdl'-of  ItovMibefi  liivl^f 
OB  the  9d  of  December  quilted  it^  end  proeoeded  eeutbward,  tegr 
ptised  the-  three  Mnriae-Iriendai  and  merwarde  the  rich  but  on*- 
inbabitud'  islaad  of  Goeoai  Ita~pMMkic»i»{oxarieus  aiid«ban3aal) 
aaare'8i«»AHri  and  flehi  Tbey  afteriwirda  raeeeesivelf  paHMi< 
th9  GilHpago*  lalands^  Maaaauiero^  and  Juan  Fernandea^  Qm 
ths^94tb  of  March  they  gained  •  tHstant  view  of  the  lofty  eoMt! 
of  €biii  teethe  westward',  ia  latitudwS^  deg.  03  min.,  and  alt  m 
sappoeOfl.  distance  of  forty  lei^ee,  the  inmense  mountains  of  tta» 
AnoMi  llimr  destination  iras,  imwever^  the  bay  of  Valparaisai 
iriiieb- they  reached  next  day. 

Nothing  particuAr  happraed  in  the  vvnrage  roand  Cap»HnnH 
and  thence  to  St;  Helena,  where  the  Discovery  arrived  on  tisr 
Sd  of  July,  the  Gbatbam  having  got  tbitlief  before  her.  Hore^iifc 
consequence  of  the  hostilities  with  Holland,  Captain  Vanoouvwr 
took  a  Hatch  Bast  Indiaman,  the  Macassar.  On  tbd  13th  of 
September,  made  the  western  coast  of  Ireland;  when  having  seen 
the  Diaeovery  safely  moored  in  the  Shannon,  he  proceeded- to 
London,  resigning  the  command  of  the  ship  to  Lieutenant  Baliaft, 
and  taking  with  him  such  books,  papers,  and  charts,  aa  wepa 
necessary  to  lay  before  the  Lords  of  the  Admiralty,  reli^vtt  to 
the  services  performed.  In  the  course  of  this  long  voyage  of  (bi|r 
yeara  eight  months  and  twenty-nino  days,  the  Discovery  lost  biy 
disease,  out  of  one  hundred  men,  only  one,  and  five  by  aocUf 
and  ia  tlM  CbaUiaai  not  one  diad  fion  diaaaca  or  otberwia* 


4  YlSnP  10  ROCKAKX^  ^ 

Bt  CkaruM  SUu. 

It  ««•  »  (Am  aatooBal  meminf,  jost  a  week  dler  wo  ha^  atllid 
from  Lough  Swillv,  to  cruise  oflTthe  North  of  Ireland,  a  sail  \vaa 
reported  on  the  leebeam.  We  bore  up  instantly,  but  no  one 
oettld<  make  out  what  the  cbue  was,  nor  which  way  aha  waai 
■taadhig — at  least,  no  two  of  the  knowing  ones  could  be  found  t» 
sgree  upon  these  matters.  Hiese  various  opinionsi.  howevert 
presently  settled  into  one,  or  nearly  so— 4br.ihere  were  still  senai 
of  the  bigb^pyers  who  had  honestly  cooftased  they  were  pus^adx 
The  general  opinion  was,  that  it  must  be  a  brig  with  very  wbilar 
lailaaloftt  while  those  below  wore  quite  dark — aa  if  the  royaia> 
were  ONMia  of  ootl'ju,  and  tk»  eooraea  of  larpawHag,—*  strai^p» 
anoaMlv  ia  saamsiMp,  it  is  true}  bat  still  th»beat  theom  «» 
cfHild  farm  to  eaplain  appear  wwai    AatNettnBaeanredJtttdiiprti 


tm 


A  TMR  TO  KOeiALU 


Cheie  ftacieti  for  we  discovered,  on  ninning  eloie  to  oar  nvfeto- 
rinua  vessel,  that  we  had  been  actually  chasing  a  rock — not  a  ship 
of  oak  and  iron,  but  a  solid  block  pf  granite,  growing  as  it  were, 
out  of  the  sea,  at  a  greater  distance  trom  the  main  land  than,  I 
boiievo  any  other  island,  or  inlet,  or  rock  of  the  same  diminutive 
lixe,  is  to  be  found  in  the  world.  This  mere  speck  on  the  sur- 
fiiea  of  the  waters — for  it  seems  to  float  on  the  sea — u  on!/ 
seventy  feet  high,  and  not  more  than  a  hundred  yards  in  cireunw 
ference.  The  smallest  point  of  a  pencil  could  scarcrty  give  it  a 
place  on  any  map  which  should  not  exaggerate  its  proportion  to 
the  rest  of  the  islands  in  that  stormy  ocean.  It  lies  at  the 
distance  of  no  fewer  than  one  hundred  and*  eighty-four  miles 
very  nearly  due  west  of  St.  Kilda,  the  remotest  part  of  the 
Hoorides,  two  hundred  and  ninety  Srom  the  nearest  part  of  the 
main  coast  of  Scotland,  and  two  hundred  and  sixty  from  the  north 
of  Ireland:     Its  name  is  Rockall,  and  is  well  known  to  those  Bal 


tie  traders,  which  go  north  about.  The  itone  of  which  thb 
carious  pedt  is  composed,  is  a  dark  colored  granite,  but  the  top 
being  covered  with  n  coatins  as  white  as  snow,  from,  having  been 
ibr  ages  the  resting-place  of  myriads  of  sea>»fowl,'  it  is  constantiv 
■iatiuien  for  a  vessel  under  all  sail.  We  were  deceived  by  it 
Mveral  times  during  the  same  cruise,  even  after  we  had  been  put 
OH  our  |uard,  and  knew  its  place  well.  I  remember  boardinc  three 
voasehi  in  one  day,  each  of  which  in  reckoning  the  number  of 
VMsels  in  sight  counted  Rockall  ax  one,  without  detecting  thoir 
■IHako  till  I  pointed  their  gloMce  to  Um  qpd 


vv» 


to  our  mfato- 
ik — not  a  ship 
iog  aa  it  were, 
iD  land  than,  I 
le  dimiDutiva 
ik  on  the  aur- 
ie  aeai — »  onlj 
,rda  in  cireun- 
■crtj  giv«  it  a 
jtroportioB  to 
It  iiaa  at  tha 
ghty-four  mile* 
>st  part  ,of  tb« 
reat  part  of  the 
^  from  the  north 
wn  to  thoee  Bal 


me  of  which  thia 
mite,  but  the  top 
from,  having  bren 
arl,'  it  is  constantly 
>re  deceived  by  it 
r  we  had  been  put 
her  bearding  three 
ig  the  number  of 
ut  dstecting  thmr 


!.i.pi,U.l,  "■■■■  ,  I    ,    Ji,ii|iimt;ip|ii 


A  nnr  to  rookau. 


1 


tn 


A*  wo  had  notbiog|  better  on  our  hands  it  was  resolved  to  make 
an  exploring  expedition  to  visit  this  little  islet.  Two  boats  were 
accordingly  manned  for  the  purpose ;  and  while  the  sh>p  stood  down 
to  the  leeward  of  it,  the  artists  prepared  their  sketch  books  and 
the  geolagists  their  hammers,  for  a  grand  scientific  field  day. 

When  we  left  the  ship,  the  sea  appeared  so  unusually  smooth, 
that  we  anticipated  no  ciifliculty  in  landing;  but  on  reaching  the 
spot,  we  found  a  swell  rising  and  falling  many  feet,  which  made 
it  exceedingly  troublesome  to  accomplish  our  purpose.  One 
side  of  the  rock  was  perpendicular  and  smooth  as  a  wall.  The 
others  though  steep  and  slippery,  were  sufiiciently  varied  in  their 
surface  to  admit  of  our  crawling  up  when  once  out  of  the  boat. 

But  it  required  no  small  confidence  in  our  footing,  and  a  dash 
of  that  kind  of  faith  which  carries  a  hunter  over  a  five-bar .  gate, 
to  render  the  leap  at  all  secure.  A  false  step,  or  a  faltering 
carriage,  after  the  spring  was  resolved  on,  might  have  sent  the 
explorer  to  investigate  the  secrets  of  the  deep,  in  those  fathomless 
regions  where  the  roots  of  this  mysterious  rock  connect  it  with 
the  solid  earth.  In  time,  however,  we  all  got  up,  hammers, 
sketch-books,  and  chronometers  inclusive. 

As  it  was  considered  a  point  of  some  moment  to  determine  not 
only  the  position,  but  the  size  of  the  rock  by  actual  observations 
made  upon  it,  all  hands  were  set  l)usily  at  work — some  to  chip 
off  specimens — others  to  measure  the  girt  by  means  of  •  cord- 
while  one  of  the  boats  was  sent  to  make  soitnding  iu  those  direc- 
tions where  the  bottom  could  be  reached. 

After  we  had  been  employed  for  some  time  in  this  manner,  we 
observed  a  current  sweepinf^  past  us,  at  a  considerable  rate,  and 
rather  wondered  that  the  ship,  which  was  fast  drifting  away  from 
us,  did  not  fill  and  make  a  stretch,  so  as  to  preserve  her  distance. 
But  as  the  day  was  quite  clear,  we  cared  less  about  this  addition 
to  the  pull,  and  went  on  with  our  operations.  I  forget  exactly  at 
what  hour  a  slight  trace  of  haze  first  came  across  thO  field  of 
viow.  Thil  soon  thickened  into  a  fog,  which  felt  like  a  ^t'ml; 
and  jHit  some  awkward  apprehensions  into  our  heads.  It  was  inn 
mediotoly  decided  to  get  into  the  boats  and  return  to  the  Endy- 
mion;  for,  by  this  time,  we  had  finished  all  our  real  work,  and 
were  only  amusing  ourselves  by  scrambling  about  the  rock. 

The  swell  had  silently  increased  in  the  interval  to  such  a 
height,  that  the  operation  of  returning  to  the  boats  was  rendered 
twice  as  diflScult  as  that  of  disembarking;  and  what  #as  a  great 
doal  worse,  occupied  twice  as  much  time.  It  required  tLe  greater 
part  of  half  an  hour  to  tumble  our  whole  party  bock  agaia  This 
proceding,  difficult  at  any  season,  I  suppose,  was  now  reduced 
to  a  sort  of  somerset  or  flying  leap;  for  the  adventurer,  whose 
turn  it  was  to  spring,  had  to  dash  on  the  rock  towards  tha  boat, 
Itrttstiag  more  to  the  chance  of  being  caught  by  his  eompaniont, 
thu  to  any  skill  of  hia  own.    Some  of  our  Dnteh-bnilt  gentiy, 

34 


mumtm 


mtim 


..  ...^iLJi»t^&''^^'V 


A  *i»it  TO  «oeKM.x.- 


.A»  non*  of  tUW  "»""     towards  the  ahip ;  but,  loou 
Jf,^,  eom,Je|^t  '^"jj    ^n  could  no^^^^-^rt^^^ 
WW"*"**?*  fSte  !^«»«  ^"  **"'?Ldi47ortdtrectioo. 
potHively.  that  »"«?.»«•  j  „  to  where  "e  mg«  ^j^ 

Cohort.  »°  ^^VL^'uSIppily.  "•«.  ?I°°''  "SE;  had  evidertlf 
been  seen.  lhoudiri^.«'«WJ^  j„^i,jWe.     ^^e  »ad  nj 

r'^n'llS.StpuJiSs  of  hiding  the  o^^^^^^^^^ 


San  th^  proboWy  wianeo  ».  „^.-*  HMi» 


ikwl- 


'^"-■Ji.y^ 


A  vnrr  to  BoevALt. 


fT9 


(ueh  a  erubi 
»f,h  through 

-jnithw  Mn 

;o  oar  Mton* 

geen.    86ia» 

MMrtod,  u 

jot  direction. 

nte  had  la«t 

u  to  the  diM^ 

had  evidentlj 

nt  thickeiuog 

see  nothing  in 

onofaveMol. 

t  wae  certainly 

le  ahip  sailing 

nothing  of  that 

by  dropping  a 

no  fog  as  yet, 

listure  to  serre 

search;  and  we 

0  some  distance 
condensation  op 
il  over  our  ejrea. 

hat  as  dense  air^ 

is  heavier  than 

Ipors  had  settled 

1  fact,  we,weri: 
nspai«nt  matter. 
t  higher,  it  w«i 
ihip'sjpnaat  heads, 
re  was  a  sorter 
!se  young  savaaa, 
party— a  bit  of  a 
9  decide  upontry* 
It  it  might  amose 
I  landed,  the  nail 
like  a.goat. 

an,'  who  no  eooow 
e  saw,  with  an  Im^ 
art  of  the  ofBcera 
ved  by  the  bosw 


Hi.<*  except 
I. 


"Vtaa aftkld; sif, U iia fllgbank  comilig^dowa  upoit as."  And 
■0  it  proved. 

The  experienced  eye  of  the  sailor,  who  in  bis  youth  had  been 
a  fisherman  on  the  banks  of  Newfoundland,  detected  a  rtrip  or 
extended  cloud,  hanging  along  the-  verge  of  the  hovizon,  like  the 
first  appearance  of  a  low  coast.  This  gradually  swept  down  to 
leewara,  and,  at  length,  enveloped  rock,  boats,  and  all,  in  a 
mantle  of  fog,  se  dense  that  we  could  not  see  ten  yards  in  any 
direction. 

Although  our  predicament  may  now  be  supposed  as  hopeless 
as  need  be,  it  was  curious  to  observe  the  ebbs  and  flows  in  human 
thought  as  circumstances^hanged.  Half  an  lywr  before,  we  had 
been  provoked  at  our  folly  in  not  having  left  the  rock  sooner;  but 
it  was  now  a  matter  of  rejoicing  that  we  possessed  such  a  fixed 
point  to  stick  by,  :n  place  of  throwing  ourselves  acL  l\  altogether. 
We  reckoned  with  certainty  upon  the  frigate's  mai:  ng,  sooner 
or  later,  to  regain  the  rock;  and  as  that  was  the  mark  at 

which  she  could  aim,  it  was  evidently  the  best  for  u  eep  near. 

We  had  been  cruising  fur  some  time  off  the  noi>..  >t'  Ireland, 
during  which  we  observed  that  these  fogs  sometimes  lasted  a 
couple  of  days  or  even  longer;  and,  as  we  had  not  a  drop  of 
water  in  the  boats,  nor  a  morsel  of  provisions,  the  most  unpleas* 
ant  forebodings  began  to  beset  us.  The  wind  was  graduaiiy 
rising,  and  the  waves,  when  driven  against  the  rock,  were  divided 
into  two  parts,  which,  afler  sweeping  round  the  sid<)s,  met  affaia 
to  leeward,  near  the  spot  where  we  lay,  and  dashed  themselves 
into  such  a  bubble  of  a  sea,  that  the  boats  were  pitched  about 
like  bits  of  cork  in  a  mill-lead.  Their  motion  was  disagreeabla 
enough,  but  our  apprehension  was,  that  we  should  be  dislodged 
ahogether  from  our  place  of  refuge;  while  the  gulls  and  sean 
mews,  as  if  in  contempt  of  our  helpless  condition,  or  offended  at 
our  intrusion,  wheeled  about  and  screamed  close  to  us,  in  notes 
most  grating,  to  our  ears. 

While  we  were  waiting  in  this  state  of  anxiety  in  the  boata 
below,  our  faithful  watchman  perched  on  the  peak  of  the  rock, 
suddenly  called  out,  "  I  see  the  ship!"  This  aonouncsment  was 
answered  by  a  simultaneous  shout  from  the  two  boat's  crews^ 
which  sent  the  flocks  of  gannets  and  sea-mews  screaming  to  tha. 
right.and  left,  far  into  the  bosom  of  the  fog. 

An  opening  or  lane  in  the  mist  had  occurred,  along,  which  we 
Could  now  see  the  flrigate,  far  08",  but  crowding  all  sail,  and  evi- 
dently beating  to  windward.  We  lost  as  little  time  as  possible 
in  picking  our  shivering  scout  off  the  rock,  an  operation  which 
cost  nearly  a  quarter  of  an  hour.  This  accompjished,  away  we 
rowed,  at  the  utmost  stretch  of  our  oars  towards  the  ship. 

Wa  had  hardly  procaeded  a  quarter  of  a  mile  before  the  fog 
began  to  close  behmd  Our  track,  so  as  to  shot  out  Kockall  firoA 
oar  view.     This  we  oared  little  about,  as  we  not  only  still  saw  the 


aiiD 


J 


W>  A  TiiiT  TO  aeouiA. 

■hip,  but  trotted,  from  her  movemeots,  that  she  likewiee  nir  the 
boats.  Juat  at  the  moment,  however,  abe  tacked,  therebjr  prov* 
inj  that  she  had  seen  neither  boats  nor  rook,  but  waa  merely 
groping  about  in  search  of  her  lost  sheep.  Had  she  contmued 
en  the  course  she  was  steering  when  we  nrat  saw  her,  abe  might 
have  picked  us  up  long  before  the  fog  came  on  again;  but  wmb 
■be  went  ubout,  this  hope  was  destroyed.  Is  a  few  minutea  more 
we,  of  course,  lost  sight  of  the  frigate  in  the  fog;  and  there  we 
were,  ip  a  pretty  mess,  with  no  ship  to  receive  us,  and  no  iaiattd 
to  hang  on  by! 

It  now  became  necessary  to  take  an  immediate  part;  and  we  de- 
cided at  once  to  turn  back  in  search  of  the  rock.  It  was  certain- 
ly a  moment  of  hitler  disappointment  when  we  pulled  round;  and 
the  interval  between  doing  so  and  our  regaining  a  resting-place, 
waa  one  of  great  anxiety.  Neverthelese  we  made  a  good  land- 
fall, and  there  wan  a  wonderful  degree  of  happiness  attendant 
even  upon  this  piece  of  success.  Having  again  got  hold  of 
Rockall,  we  determined  to  abide  by  our  firm  friend  till  circum- 
stances should  render  our  return  to  the  ship  certain.  In  the 
meantime  we  amused  ourselves  m  forming  plans  for  a  future  resi- 
dence on  this  desolate  abode,  ia  fhe  event  of  the  ship  being  blown 
away  during  the  night.  If  the  weather  should  become  more 
■tormy,  and  that  our  position  to  leeward  waa  rendered  unsafe,  in 
consequence  of  the  divided  waves  running  round  and  meeting,  jt' 
was  resolved,  that  we  should  abandon  the  heaviest  of  the  two 
boats,  and  drag  the  other  up  to  the  brow  of  tb«  rock,  lo  as  to  form, 
when  turned  keel  upwards,  a  sort  of  hurricane  house.  These,  and 
various  ot'icr  Ro'iuson  Crusoe  kind  of  resources,  helped  to  oc- 
cupy <<:  r  <  igl:;  '  Jf  in  jest,  half  in  eamrst,  till,  by  the  increa»* 
ed  glooi' ,  .  kn  .hat  the  sun  had  gone  down.  It  now  became 
indwrr""  :  r->ie  to  adopt  some  definite  line  of  operations,  for  th« 
■ngr    inr  iang  night  was  setlins  in  fast. 

Fv  it  lately,  we  were  saved  from  farther  trials  of  patience  or 
ingenuity  by  the  fog  suddenly  risins,  as  it  is  called — or  dissipa- 
ting itself  in  the  air,  so  completely,  that,  to  our  great  joy,  we  gaia> 
ed  sight  of  the  ship  once  again. 

It  appeared  afterwards  that  they  had  not  seen  our  little  island 
Irom  the  Endymion  nearly  so  soon  as  we  discovered  her;  and  all* 
was,  in  consequence,  standing  almost  directly  away  from  us,  evi- 
denfly  not  knowing  exactly  whereabouts  Rockall  lay.  This,  I 
tliink,  was  the  most  anxious  moment  during  the  whole  adventure; 
nor  shall  I  soon  forget  the  sensation  caused  by  seeing  the  jib-sheet 
let  fly,  accompanied  by  other  indications  that  the  frigate  was 
coming  about. 

I  need  not  spin  out  this  story  any  longer.  It  was  almost  dart: 
when  we  sot  on  board.  Our  first  question  was  the  reproacbfiU 
one,  "  Why  did  you  fire  oe  gone  to  give  ue  notice  of  yoor 
poehioi^?" 


/ 


ilMWiMWWtlM 

thereby  prov- 
but  wee  merely 
d  ehe  eoBtinaed 
her,  ehe  might 
egein;  but  when 
bw  minutee  more 
and  there  we 
iM,  end  m»  ieleiid 

part;  endwede- 
.    It  wee  certelop 
lulled  round;  end 
g  •  resting-place, 
nade  e  good  lend- 
ippincM  attendant 
igein  got  hold  of 
friend  till  circum- 
1  certain.     In  the 
tfl  for  a  future  reei- 
le  ship  being  blown 
auld  become  more 
[rendered  uoeafe,  in 
iind  end  meeting,  jt 
heaviest  of  the  two 
k  rock,  eo  as  to  form, 
house.    These,  and 
urcee,  helped  to  oo- 
,till,  bytheincreae- 
iwn.    It  now  became 
operetions,  for  the 

trials  of  patience  or 
s  called— or  dissipa< 
ir  greet  joy,  we  gaiB* 

seen  our  little  ieland 
oovered  her;  and  elM 
[|y  away  from  us,  evi- 
lockell  lay.  This,  I 
the  whole  adventure; 
ty  seeing  the  jib-sheet 
that  the  frigete  was 

.  It  was  almost  darV. 
» was  the  reproachful 
ve  us  notice  of  ^ewr 


t.  .i:, 


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umaHmmammmmmm^.^ 


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Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHIVI/ICIVIH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Instituta  for  Historical  Microraproductions  /  inttitut  Canadian  da  microraproductions  hiatorlquas 


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-   — ^.-^'^-'j^  'j'i''i.'^''i^".y'^t^'*#!^ 


TH«  8CBT«WlAI»«AIf  aTKIAH. 


til 


"Fire  auM?"  said  they-"whv.  we  have  done  nothing  but 
Maze  awaf  every  ten  minutes  for  tfiese  last  five  or  six  hour.. 
"  Yet  atJ^i^o  .ay,  we  had  not  hcafti  a  single  ducharge! 


THE  BUBTERRANEAN  STREAM. 

BT  MM.  BKXAKI- 

DwWy  thon  glidert  onwMd  * 

Thou  deep  and  hidden  wave ! 
Tlie  laughing  tunihine  hath  notloskM 

Into  thy  eeciet  cave. 

Thy  current  makee  no  muMO— 

A  hollow  Bound  we  hear, 
A  muffled  voice  of  mystery, 

And  know  that  thuu  art  near ! 

No  brighter  line  of  verdure 

Follows  thy  lonely  way ! 
Do  fairy  Bioe»,  or  lily  •  cup, 

It  fteshened  by  thy  play. 

The  halcyon  doth  not  leek  thee, 

Her  glorious  wing*  to  lave ; 
Tliou  know'rt  no  tint  of  the  •umnet  Uj 

Thou  dark  and  hidden  wave! 

Yet  once  will  day  behold  thee. 

When  to  the  mighty  tea, 
Freah  burning  flrom  their  cavemM  veiM 

Leap  thy  lone  waten  free. 

There  wilt  thou  greet  the  eundiine 

For  a  moment,  and  be  lost. 
With  all  thy  melancholy  soundi, 

In  the  Ocean's  billowy  host. 

Oh !  art  thou  not,  dark  river '. 

Like  the  fearful  thnughto  untold, 
Which  haply  in  the  hush  of  niaht 

O'er  many  a  soul  have  rolled  r 

Thoee  earth-born  strange  mlsgivinge— 
Who  hath  not  felt  their  power? 

Tet  who  hath  breathed  them  to  hli  fiMDO, 
Ev'n  in  his  fondest  hour .' 

They  hold  no  heartHjommunlo*- 
Tney  find  no  voice  in  souKt    . 

They  dimly  follow  flur  from  eurtb 
The  gnve'adepwtMl  thceag. 


:a  ! 


OAf tAW   iHOttf  I1U»  •  !»AB»ATIV«. 

VTOdlt  thrtf  wane  ind  lonely, 

Of  their  mytlerioui  quett. 
Yet  iurely  must  their  wwderinge 
T&rd£;»..-thvw•U>r.U»t, 


^ISotSwihlioSrofd^y 


CAPTAIN  INGLBFIELD'9  NABRATIVE.        > 

T«  Centaur,  captain  Ingjfie^^^^         a-rf-died"! 
part  of  a  large  convoy  from  J^^^'f^Xr  1182. 

Joa.  in  a  dreadful  h"">««"f^ '"  K,  ««d  "««^'  ^'^  """^  ***"? 
Captain  Ingleficld.  «"'f .  J^^ VtheTr  Uvm  and  ship,  from  the  16tfi 

possible  for  the  P«»«'^*"'»"  ^^  Ce"a"''  ^^  '^P*"**"''  '**"'"'' 
fo  the  23d  of  S*P»«'»^''„''Sr"' inking  ^^^^^  Some  of  the  men 
became  a  wreck,  and  Y" '\^Xir  file,  and  requested  to  be 
appeared  perfectly  '«"«"«tH°riraIhed  themselves  to  gratinga 
liSied  in  tLir  h^'^r''"!;!  Dromirenfi^^^^^^  that  of  putting 
and  small  rafts,  but  tl^^^i^ij;;"' The  boom,  were  cleared,  ana 
on  their  best  and  cleanest  clothes.     11^^^^  ^^^^  ^^^  "hip's  «de. 

the  cutter.  Pinnace.  5»J,y*^' Xra  made  their  escape  in  the 
Captain  Inglefield  «nj  «>**«^°e  *'*  the  same  with  that  of  those 
pinSace;  butthei.  co»f  ^i^i  b2  ^4^  tabe  only  a  pro- 
Who  remained  in  the  ah>P j  .^»^!i  ^\  ^y  were  in  a  leaky  boat, 
longation  of  a  miserable  e«**«°'^J'  .„,„  the  middle  of  the  ocean. 
witLne  of  the  gunwales  Btovej^n««^^^  ^^  ,l„.U;  all  very 

without  comoass,  <l"»i'^*L?5'\fi[J  a  great  sea  running. "  In 
thinly  clotheS,  in  a  gf'^?J  T^;  ship?  but  before  drrk  aT)lanket 
half  an  hour  they  ^^'^]f^^^;{^^^lUyLie  a  sail,  and  scudded 
was  discovered  m  the  »»"'^^°\^'^eB"  allowed  up  by  every  wave, 
under  it  all  night.  ^^'"1^^°/^  two  hundred  Usixty  fescue. 
They  were  two  hundred  and  miy  oi  i"" 

from  Fayal.  .  ..    ^     of  bread,  a  small  ham  a  single 

Their  stock  consisted  of     f  "»  °V  .       '^^  a  few  French  cor- 

piece  of  pork,  two  qV^'^'^^'fl^^u'^rm  .^^^^^  f'«'»  «''\'*  ^H* 
Sials."    Their  situaU^bejMnetruJrm^.    ^^    ^^^  ^^      ^  ,, 

hunger.  On  the  fi^V^y^J^ry  te«o  to  altewanc^-one  biscuit 
wit  water;  and  it  **■  "*«f^7  SiStfast •  the  same  for  dinner, 
divided  into  twelve  ,'n°"«»»:  ^^  ^^ub  t^^^^  ""^«'*  C«'  » 

The  neck  of  a  bottle  br|J^J^''JJ,X„  Sowaoce  for  twe'nty- 

.Ia«i;  and  this  f^^^J^'^'^L^mi^^^i  paitiality  or 
four  hours  for  each  n>a»»_^  '^^  -  -  ■^•-  '--'•  '»*-•  ""* 
diftinotioD.    "  "  **  " 


'irull,T»^2X;SiS«S^a'W«. 


Ltitc. 


lRHATIVE. 

ur  shiuB  of  the  line, 
ngland,  foundered  at 
1783. 

crew,  did  every  tiiins 
nd  ship,  from  the  16tn 
r,  by  repeated  stornii, 
te.    Some  of  the  men 
and  requested  to  be 
hemselves  to  gratingi 
!a  was,  that  of  putting 
oms  were  cleared,  and 
over  the  ship's  side, 
le  their  escape  in  the 
same  with  that  of  those 
Bared  to  be  only  a  pro- 
sy were  in  a  leaky  boat, 
!ie  middle  of  the  ocean, 
lat,  or  cloak;  all  very 
real  sea  nmning."    In 
t  before  drrk  a  blanket 
lade  a  sail,  and  scudded 
ved  up  by  every  wave, 
adred  and  sixty  leagues 

I,  a  small  ham  a  single 
and  a  few  French  eor- 
lerable,  from  cold  and 
u  nearly  all  spoiled  b^ 
illowance— one  biscuit 
;  the  same  for  dinner. 

corking  served  for  « 
t  allowance  for  twjnty- 
)•  witbput  paitiality  or 

era  this,  had  tbey  not 


cAPrAiif  nroinnns's  WAntATin. 


289 


caught  sit  quarts  of  )-ain-water:  and  this  they  could  n***  have  been, 
blessed  with,  had  they  not  found  in  the  boat  a  pai.  of  sheets, 
which  by  accident  had  been  put  there." 

On  the  fifteenth  day  that  they  had  been  in  the  boat,  they  had 
only  one  day's  bread,  and  one  bottle  of  water  remaining  of  tf' 
second  supply  of  rain.  Captain  Inglefield  states:  "  Our  sutterings 
were  now  as  great  as  human  strength  could  bear;  but  we  were 
convinced  that  good  sfMrits  were  a  better  support  than  great 
bodily  streil^th;  for  on  this  day  Thomas  Matthews,  quarter- 
master, the  stoutest  man  in  the  boat,  perished  from  hunger  and 
cold:  Ob  the  day  before,  he  had  complained  of  want  of  strength 
in  his  throat,  as  he  expressed  it,  to  swallow  his  morsel ;  and  in 
the  night  drank  salt  water,  gr'>'>r  delirious,  and  died  without  a- 
groan. 

"  As  it  became  next  to  a  certainty  that  we  should  all  perish  in 
the  same  manner  in  a  day  or  two,  it  was  somewhat  comfortable 
to  reflect,  that  dying  of  hunger  was  not  so  dreadful  as  our  imag- 
ination had  represented.  Others  had  complained  of  the  symptoms' 
in  their  throats;  some  had  drunk  their  own  urine;  and  all  but  my* 
self  had  drunk  salt  water." 

Despair  and  gloom  had  been  hitherto  successfully  poMbite^t 
and  the  men,  as  the  evenings  closed  in,  had  been  enconraged br 
turns  to  sing  a  song,  or  relate  -a  story,  instead  of  a  supper.  Imr 
evening  it  was  found  impossible  to  do  either.  At  night  fhey  wer«: 
becalmed,  but  at  midnight  a  breeze  sprung  up;  but  bein^  afraid' 
of  running  out  of  their  course,  they  waited  impatietitly  Ibr  tifi^ 
ri^ng  sun  to  be  their  compass. 

Cto  the  sixteenth  day  their  last  bread  and  water  had'beett  aerr* 
ed  for  breakfast;  when  John  Gregory,  the  quarter-master,  deelated-' 
with  much  confidence,  he  saw  land  in  the  south-east,  dt  a  great 
distance.  They  made  for  it,  and  reached  Fayal  at  about  mid* 
night,  having  been  conducted  into  the  road  by  a  fishing-boat: 
but  they  were  not,  by  the  regulation  of  the  port,  permitted  to  land 
till  examined  by  the  health  officers. 

They  sot  some  refreshments  of  bread,  wine,  and  water  in  the 
boat,  and  in  the  morning  of  the  seventeenth  day  landed;  where 
they  experienced  every. friendly  attention  from  the  English  consul, 
whose  whole  employment  for  many  days  was  contrivmg  the  best 
means  of  restoring  them  to  health '  and  strength.  Some  of  the 
stoutest  men  were  obliged  to  be  supported  through  the  streets;  and 
for  several  days,  with  the  best  and  most  comfortable  provisions, 
they  rather  grew  worse  than  better. 

A  court-martial  was  held  at  Portsmouth  on  the  21st  of  January 
1783,  on  the  lou<of  the  Centaur;  when  the  court  honorably  ac* 
quittfd  Captain  Ingje^eld,  as  a  cool,  resolute,  and  experienced 
ofllcar;  ana  thatIM  was  well  supported  by  his  officers  and  ship'* 
company;  and :that: their  united  exertions  appeared  to  have  beeor 
io  greit  attdinttilf,  Mhto  nOtet  thfr  Migheat  honor  on  the  whole, 


xtHifot  <imiBi-i 


A  MOITKST  TMOK. 

and  to  leave  the  deepeet  impression  on  the  minds  of  the  «>J>rt  j— 
thS  more  could  not  have  possibly  been  done  to  preserve  the  Cen- 
taur  from  her  melancholy  fate. 


A  MONKEY  TRICK. 

Ik  1818,  a  vessel  that  sailed  between  Whitehaven  and  Jamaica 
embarked  on  her homerard  voyage. and  among  other  P»««n«««. 
carried  a  female,  who  had  at  the  breast  a  chilB  only  a  few  weeka 
old.    One  beautiful  afternoon,  the  captam  perceived  a  dwtant  sail, 
and  after  he  had  gratified  his  curiosity,  he  politely  offered  hi^ 
glass  to  his  passenler,  that  she  might  obtain  a  clear  view  of  the 
Sbiect.    Mrs.  B.  had  the  babv  in  her  arms ;  she  wrapped  her  shawl 
about  the  little  innocent,  and  placed  it  on  a  sofa  upon  wj'ch  she 
had  been  sitting.     Scarcely  had  she  apphed  her  eye  to  the  glass, 
when  the  helmiman  exclaimed,  "  Good  God!  see  what  the  mis- 
chievous monkey  has  done."     The   reader  may  judge  of  the 
female's  feelings,  when,  on  turning  round,  she  beheld  the  ammal 
iHhe  an  of  trfnsporting  her  beloved  child  apparently  to  the  very 
top  of  tiie  mart!     The  monkey  was  a  very  large  one.  and  ao 
strong  and  active,  that  while  it  grasped  the  »''f««.\,fi"»  ^  ^.f"  J»« 
oneTrm.  it  climb;d  the  shrouds  nimbly  by  the  other,  totally  un- 
einbarraUed  by  the  weight  of  its  burden.     One  look  was  sulficent 
f  "r  the  terrified  mother,  and  that  look  had  well  nigh  been  her  lart. 
and  had  it  not  been  for  the  assistance  of  those  around  her.  she 
would  have  fallen  prostrate  on  the  deck,  where  ^he  was  soon 
afterwards  stretched  apparently  a  lifeless  corpse.     Th«  "'lore 
could  climb  as  well  as  the  monkey,  but  the  latter  w«tched  their 
motions  narrowly;  and  as  it  ascended  higher  up  the  "fttje  mo- 
ment they  attempted  to  put  a  foot  on  the  shrouds,  the  captam 
became  afraid  thSt  it  would  drop  the  child,  and  endef''*' J?  «"?."«• 
by  leaping  from  one  mast  to  another.     In  the  meantime  the  lUtle 
Snocent  was  heard  to  cry;  and  though  many  thought  it  was  suffer- 
ing pain,  their  fears  on  this  point  were  speedily  dissipated  wheo 
ihfy^bUrved  the  monkey  imitating  exactly  the  mot'oP-  of  • 
nurse   ov  dandling,  soothing,  and  caressing  its  charge,  and  even 
wdlavSLg  "o  hulh  it  asleo^p.     From  the  deck  the  lady  was  con- 
veyed  to  tht  cabin,  and  gradually  restored  to  her  senses.     In  the 
meantime,  the  captain  ordered  every  man  to  «on«"j.  ""Xr. 
below,  and  quietly  took  his  own  station  on  the  cabin  stsir,  wuera 
be  could  see  all  that  passed  without  being  seen.    Thw  plan  hap- 
pUy  aucceoded;  the  monkey,  on  perceiving  that  the  «»•«''•■ 
clear,  cautiously  descended  from  his  lofty  perch,  "d  replaced  tto 
inftatoDthe  aofa,  cold,  fietftil,  and  perhapa  frigbteoad,  but  1^ 


L 


U^aMMkMlAlMMMtteu*! 


..Mil    IK  i    lili*—  ■ 


ainds  of  the  eeart:-> 
to  preserve  the  Ceo- 


litehaven  and  Jamaiea 
onff  other  passengers, 
hild  only  a  few  weeke 
crceived  a  distant  sail, 
le  politely  offered  hie 
n  a  clear  view  of  the 
she  wrapped  her  shawl 
i.  sofa  upon  which  she 
d  her  eye  to  the  glass, 
d!  see  what  the  mis- 
er may  judge  of  the 
she  beheld  the  animal 
apparently  to  the  very 
!ry  large  one,  and  so 
e  infant  firmly  with  the 
f  the  other,  totally  un- 
One  look  was  sufficient 
ivell  nigh  been  her  last, 
those  around  her,  she 
:,  where  she  was  soon 
I  corpse.    The  sailors 
e  latter  watched  their 
er  up  the  mast  the  mo- 
)  shrouds,  the  captain 
and  endeavor  to  escape 
the  meantime  the  little 
ly  thought  it  was  suiTer- 
leedily  dissipated  when 
ictl^  the  motiops  of  a 
ng  Its  charge,  and  even 
deck  the  lady  was  con- 
I  to  her  senses.    In  the 
in  to  conceal  himself 
1  the  cabin  atsir,  where 
seen.    This  plan  hap- 
ng  that  the  coast  was 
perch,  and  replaced  the 
taps  firigbtened,  but  in 


OATTAIff  nViriDT's  5ABRATITt. 


t85 


erery  ether  respect  as  free  from  harm  as  when  he  took  :t  up 
The  humane  seaman  had  now  a  most  grateful  task  to  perform; 
the  babe  was  restored  to  its  mother's  arms,  amidst  tears,  and 
thanks,  and  blessings. 


CAPTAIN  KENNEDY'S  NARRATIVE. 

"  We  sailed  from  Port  Royal,  in  Jamaica,  on  the  31st  day  of 
December,  1818,  bound  for  Whitehaven;  but  the  twenty-third 
day  having  met  with  a  hard  gale  at  north,  we  were  obliged  to  lay. 
to  under  a  foresail  for  the  space  of  ten  hours,  which  occasioned 
the  vessel  to  make  more  water  than  she  could  free  with  both 
pumps.  Under  this  situation  we  set  sail,  in  hopes  of  being  able 
to  mcke  the  island  of  Jamaica  again,  which  from  our  reckoning 
we  judged  lay  about  ten  leagues  to  the  eastward.  But  in  less 
than  an  hour's  time  the  water  overflowed  the  lower  deck;  and  we 
could  scarcely  get  into  the  yawl  (being  thirteen  in  number)  before 
the  vessel  sank ;  having  only  with  much  difliculty  been  able  to  take 
out  a  keg  containing  about  sixteen  pounds  of  biscuit,  ten  pounds 
of  cheese,  and  two  oottles  of  wine;  with  which  small  pittance  we 
endeavored  to  make  the  land.  But  the  wind  continuing  to  blow 
hard  from  the  north,  and  the  sea  running  high,  we  were  obliged, 
after  an  unsuccessful  attempt  of  three  days,  to  bear  away  for 
Honduras,  as  the  wind  seemed  to  favor  us  for  that  course,  and  it 
beihg  the  only  visible  means  we  had  of  preserving  our  lives. 
On  the  seventh  day  we  made  Swan's  island ;  but  being  destitute 
of  a  quadrant,  and  other  needful  helps,  we  were  uncertain  what 
land  It  was.  However,  we  went  on  ijiore,  under  the  flattering 
hopes  of  finding  some  refreshments;  but,  to  our  unspeakable  re- 
gret and  heavy  disappointment,  we  only  found  a  few  quarts  of 
brackish  water  in  the  hollow  of  a  rock,  and  a  few  wilks.  Not- 
withstanding there  was  no  human  nor  visible  prospect  of  finding 
water,  or  any  other  of  the  necessaries  of  life,  it  was  with  the  ut- 
most reluctance  the  people  quitted  the  island;  but  being  at  length 
prevailed  upon,  with  much  difficulty  and  through  persuasive 
means,  we  embarked  in  the  evening,  with  only  six  quarts  of  water, 
ft>r  the  Bay  of  Honduras.  Between  the  seventh  and  fourteenth 
days  of  our  being  in  the  boat,  we  were  most  miraculously  sup- 
ported, and  at  a  time  when  nature  was  almost  exhausted,  having 
nothing  to  eat  or  drink.  Yet  the  Almighty  Author  of  our  being 
ftimished  us  with  supplies,  which,  when  seriously  considered,  not 
oa\j  serve  to  display  nis  beneficence,  but  fill  the  mind  with  admi- 
ration and  wonder.  Well  may  we  cry  out,  with  the  Royal  Wise 
Man — '  Lord,  what  is  man,  that  thou  art  mindful  of  him?  or  the 
MO  of  man,  that  thou  Tisitest  him?' 


«e 


urcAW  jummx't  jumutho. 


"  In  the  evening  the  wild  sea-fowb  hoveiFed  over  our  head*,  and 
lighted  on  our  hands  when  held  up  to  receive  them.  Of  theee 
our  people  eat  the  flesh  and  drank  the  blood,  declaring  it  to  be  aa 
ralatable  as  new  milk.  I  eat  twice  of  the  flesh,  and  thought  it 
yery  ^ood. 

"  It  may  appear  very  remarkable,  that,  though  I  neither  tasted 
food  nor  drink  for  eighldoji$,  I  did  net  feel  the  sensations  of  hunser 
or  thirst;  but  on  the  fourteenth,  in  the  evening,  my  drought  often 
required  mc  to  gargle  my  mouth  with  salt  water;  ano  on  the 
fifteenth  it  increased;  when,  happily  for  us!  we  made  land,  which 

!)roved  to  be  c  island  called  Ambergris,  lying  at  a  small  distance 
irom  the  n;ain  \au^,  ind  about  fourteen  leagues  to  the  northward 
of  St.  George's  Quay  (where  the  white  people  reside)  in  the  Bay 
of  Honduras;  though  the  want  of  a  quadrant  and  other  necessa- 
ries left  us  still  in  suspense.  We  slept  four  nights  on  this  island, 
and  every  evening  picked  up  wilks  and  conchs  for  next  day's 
provision,  embarking  every  morning,  and  towing  along  the  shore 
to  the  southward.  On  the  first  evening  of  our  arrival  here  we 
found  a  lake  of  fresh  water,  by  whitih  we  lay  all  night,  and  near 
it  buried  one  of  our  people. 

"  Chi  walking  alons  the  shore  we  found  a  few  cocoa-nuta, 
which  were  full  of  mill.  The  substance  of  the  nuts  we  eat  with 
the  wilks,  instead  of  bread,  thinking  it  a  delicious  repast,  although 
eaten  raw^— having  no  implements  whereby  to  kindle  a  fire. 
From  the  great  support  received  by  this  shell-fish,  I  shall  ever 
revere  the  name. 

"  On  the  third  day  after  our  arrival  at  this  island,  we  buried 
another  of  our  people,  which,  with  four  who  died  on  the  paasage, 
made  six  who  perisned  ihrough  hunger  and  fatigue. 

"On  the  fifth  day  after  our  arrival  at  Ambergris,  we  happily 
diacoverod  a  small  vessel  at  some  distance,  under  sail,  which  we 
■nde  for.  In  the  evening  sot  on  board  her;  and  in  a  few  hours 
(beiqg  the  tenth  of  January),  we  arrived  on  St.  George's  Quay, 
in  a  very  languid  state. 

"  I  cannot  conclude  without  making  mention  of  the  great  td- 
fontage  I  received  from  soaking  my  clothes  twice  a  day  in . salt 
water,  and  putting  them  on  without  wringing. 

"  It  was  a  considerable  time  before  f  could  make  the  peopte 
eomply  with  this  measure;  though,  from  seeing  the  good  eflTeej^ 
it  produced,  thev  afterwards,  of  their  own  accord,  practised  it 
twice  a  day.  To  this  diacovery  I  may  with*  juatioe  impute  the 
preservation  of  my  own  life,  and  that  of  six  other  ptenona,  who 
mm  have  perished  bat  for  ^  being  put  in  use. 


mum^mmmmmmmmm 


■ssssssaimmssr^ 


3  over  our  beads,  and 
live  them.  Of  theee 
,  declaring  it  to  be  ae 
flesh,  and  thought  it 

lOugh  I  neither  tasted 
B  sensations  of  hunser 
ing,  my  drought  often 
It  water;  and  on  the 
we  made  land,  which 
ing  at  a  small  distance 
guestothe  northward 
pie  reside)  in  the  Bay 
int  and  other  neccssa* 
r  nights  on  this  island, 
conchs  for  next  day's 
owing  along  the  shore 
f  our  arrival  here  we 
lay  all  night,  and  aear 

md  a  few  cocoa-nuts, 
)f  the  nuts  we  eat  with 
licious  repast,  although 
•eby  to  kindle  a  fire. 
sheU-fisb,  I  shall  ever 

this  island,  we  huricd 
ho  died  on  the  passage, 
d  fatigue. 

Ambergris,  we  happily 
e,  under  sail,  which  we 
ler;  and  io  a  few  hours 
OB  St.  George^s  Quay, 

lention  of  the  great  td- 
thes  twiceaday  in.«|)t 

;iog.  « 

could  make  the  peopte 
seeing  the  food  eflTeetp 
dm  accord,  praetiaed  it 
with  justice  impute  th« 
six  other  persona,  who 
in  uae. 


tarn  nvuM'9  jaP- 


AS  FAST  AND  FAR  O'ER  WAVES  WE  ILT 

As  ft»t  ind  far  o'er  wavw  we  fly. 
And  ieen.bene»Ui  tlw  dirtwjl  iky 

Our  native  land's  deep  ahsdowt  Ms, 
We  gaxe  upon  the  wave  and  aigh, 
And  think  upon  the  almnt  maid 
Who  fiu  and  littena  to  the  wind, 
And  turoa  the  dark  thought  in  her  mud, 
or  wliat  may  be 
Our  lot  at  aea, 
Till  the  breesr  fVealiening  to  a.gale 
Calls  ua  aluil  to  Hhorten  sail. 
Then  duly  bidH  our  wiahea  move. 
And  toil  diverts  our  s  uis  from  lov*. 

Bharply  iu  breath  the  vessel  frels, 
Down  on  her  groaning  side  she  Iwela; 

Anutlier  reer  is  Uk«'n  in— 
Itoudly  the  dreadful  tliunder  petb. 
■iM  Ocean  eehfies  to  tlie  din ; 
Beneath  the  blow 
She  rises  slow 
As  smart  the  helmsman  luffs  her,  tree 
We  think  no  more,  but  frel  like  lata, 
But  elieerly  to  ouKdnty  move. 
And  leave  the  future  hour  of  love. 

'T  is  paat ;  tap*gal1ant  masts  Sacend, 
•O'er  lop  aail  yards  we  gaily  bend ; 

The  loaaened  sail  abroad  we  shsks ; 
Top  gSlhiBt  saUs  aldl  we  aead ; 

No  more  the  aurgea  o'er  oa  biw*  ;— 
Awhile  with  flowing  aheet  we  gUde, 
Till  slow  we  (feel  the  swell  subside, 

And  the  sea  slumber  like  a  lake. 
Ilien  thoughts  of  hone 
Across  us  come, 
With  recollections  warm  and  clear, 
Onr  anzioua  hearto  we  fondly  euaer; 
Our  duty  o't(u-ovr  wiabes  move 
<  AgittBiMn  l«l  to  aass  sad  Ion. 


TOM  CRINGLE'S  LOG. 

ITe  had  refitted,  and  been  four  days  at  sea,  on  our  ▼oym«  J» 
Jamaica,  when  the  gun-room  officers  gave  our  «»•»•■'"'**»"*• 

Ibe  increased  motion  and  rushing  of  ^the  vessel  «'«««»«;• 
wtter,  the  greaniag  of  the  masts,  tbeTiowbngof  the  «•«?•  *?f  *2 
tims»m^  tiwnpliqg  of  the  wltob  «ii  deok,  wen  prophetic  9f  «M 


tw 


TOM  eanroii't  too. 


jaeketa  to  some  of  at;  still,  midshipman-like,  we  wre  H  happjr 
as  a  good  dinner  and  some  wine  could  make  us,  until  the  old  gun- 
ner shoved  his  weather  beaten  phiz  and  bald  pate  m  at  the  door 
"  Beg  pardon  Mr.  Splinter,  but  if  you  will  spare  Mr.  Cringle  on 
the  forecastle  an  hour;  until  the  moon  rises  " — ("Spare,"  quotha, 
"  is  his  majesty's  offic^er  a  joint  stool?") — "  Why,  Mr,  Kennedy, 
why?  here,  man,  take  a  glass  of  grog."     "  I  thank  you  sir."    *'  It 
is  coming  on  a  roughish  night,  sir;  the  running  ships  should  be 
crossing  us  hereabouts;  indeed,  more  than  once  I  thought  there 
was  a  strange  sail  close  aboard  of  us,  the  scud  is  flying  so  low, 
and  in  such  white  flakes;  and  none  of  us  have  an  eye  like  Mr 
Cringle,  unless  it  be  John  Crow,   and  he  is  all   but  frozen." 
"  Well,  Tom,  I  suppose  you  will  go" — Anglice,  from  a  first  Uev 
tenant  to  r  mid — 
Bniso   nstanter  " 

Having  changed  my  uniform  for  shag  trousers,  pea-jacket,  an4 
louth*wes(  cap,  I  went  forward  and  took  my  station,  in  no  pleas< 
■nt  humor,  on  the  stowed  jib,  with  my  arm  around  the  stay.  1 
had  been  holf  an  hour  there,  the  weather  was  getting  worse,  the 
rain  was  beating  in  my  face,  and  the  spray  from  the  stern  was 
■plashing  over  me,  ua  it  roared  through  the  waste  of  sparkling  and 
hissing  waters.  I  turned  ray  buck  to  the  weather  for  a  moment 
to  press  my  hands  on  my  straining  eyes.  When  I  opened  them, 
I  saw  the  gunner's  gaunt,  high-featured  visage  thrust  anxiously 
forward;  his  profile  looked  as  if  rubbed  over  with  phosphorus,  and 
his  whole  person  as  if  we  had  been  playing  at  snap  dracon. 
"  What  has  come  over  you  Mr.  Kennedy?  who'sburning  the  blue 
light  now?"  "  A  wiser  man  than  I  must  tell  you  that;  look  for- 
ward Mr.  Cringle — look  there;  what  do  your  books  say  to  that?" 

I  looked  forth,  and  saw  at  the  extreme  end  of  the  jib  boom, 
what  I  have  read  of,  certainly,  but  never  expected  to  see,  a  pale, 

trreenish,  glow-worm  colored  flame,  of  the  size  and  shiy)e  of  the 
rosted  glass  shade  over  the  swinging  lamp  in  the  gun-room.  It 
dfew  out  and  flattened  as  the  vessel  pitched  and  rose  again,  and 
at  she  sheered  about,  it  wavered  round  the  point  that  seemed  to 
attract  it,  like  a  soap  suds  bubble  blown  from  a  tobacco  pipe,  be« 
fore  it  is  shaken  into  the  air;  at  the  core  it  was  comparatively 
bright,  but  faded  into  a  halo.  It  shed  a  baleful  and  ominous  light 
on  the  surrounding  objects;  the  group  of  sailors  on  the  forecastle 
looked  like  spectres,  and  they  shrunk  together,  and  whispered 
when  it  began  to  roll  slowly  along  the  spar  where  the  boatswain 
waa  sitting  at  my  feet.  At  this  instant  something  slid  down  the 
stay,  and  a  cold  clammy  hand  passed  around  my  neck.  I  was 
within  an  ace  of  losing  my  hold  and  tumbling  overboard.  "  Hea- 
ven lave  mercy  on  me  what's  that?"  "  It's  that  sky-larking  son 
of  a  run,  Jem  Sparkle's  monkey,  sir.  You  Jem,  you'll  never 
rest  tdl  that  brute  is  made  shark's  bait  of."  But  Jackb  vanished 
op  th )  stay  again,  chuckling  and  grinning  in  th«  ghastly  radiai^e, 


«i 


■  -  iiiiiii*  II  irtMiiwi ' tiiiiiiiiBiiwii^iMliMiiliiiasl^ 


iiHilfit^-'- 


.u><£u.  -,..  ^^^^-,r,jtiie^,M\.;.'<:ana%s^fiiis:w^. 


T~^ 


ike,  we  T.vre  u  happjr 
UH,  until  the  old  sun- 
aid  pate  in  at  the  door 
spare  Mr.  Cringle  on 
•'—(•'Spare,"  quotha, 
'  Why,  Mt.  Kennedy, 
I  thank  vou  sir."  <' It 
inning  ships  should  be 
in  once  I  thought  there 
scud  is  flying  so  low, 
have  an  eye  like  Mr 
he  is  all  but  frozen." 
nglice,  rrom  a  first  Uev 

rousere,  pea-jacket,  and 

my  station,  in  no  pleas< 
arm  around  the  stay.  1 
r  was  getting  worse,  the 
>ray  from  the  stern  was 
le  waste  of  sparkling  and 

I  weather  for  a  moment 
When  I  opened  them, 

visage  thrust  anxiously 
ver  with  phosphorus,  and 
playing  at  snap  dragon, 
y  ?  who's  burning  the  blue 
It  tell  you  that;  look  for- 
)  your  books  say  to  that?" 
me  end  of  the  jib  boom, 
ir  expected  to  see,  a  pale, 
ihe  size  and  shape  of  the 
imp  in  the  gun-room.  It 
hed  and  rose  again,  and 
the  point  that  seemed  to 
from  a  tobacco  pipe,  be- 
9re  it  was  comparatively 
t  baleful  and  ominous  light 
if  sailors  on  the  forecastle 
together,  and  whispered 
ipar  where  the  boatswain 
something  slid  down  the 
around  my  neck.  I  was 
bling  overboard.  "  Hea- 
'  It's  that  sky-larking  son 

You  Jem,  you'll  never 
)f."  But  Jaekb  vanished 
f  in  the  ghiatly  radiw;*, 


'     TOM  emiVOLB**  LOO.  tt§ 

as  if  he  had  been  '  the  Spirit  of  the  Lamp.'  The  light  was  itUl 
there,  but  a  cloud  of  mist,  like  a  burst  of  vapor  from  a  steam  boiler, 
cumo  down  upon  the  gale  and  flew  past,  when  it  disappeared.  I 
followed  the  white  mass  as  it  sailed  down  the  windf  it  did  not,  as 
it  appeared  to  me,  vanish  in  the  darkness,  but  seemed  to  remain 
in  sight  to  leeward,  as  if  checked  by  a  sudden  flaw;  yot  none  of 
our  sails  were  taken  aback.  A  thought  flashed  on  me.  I  peerf^ 
still  more  intensely  into  the  night,  i  was  not  certain.  "  A  sail, 
broad  on  the  lee  bow."  The  captain  answered  from  the  qiiitrter 
deck — "  Thank  you,  Mr.  Cringle.  How  shall  we  steer?"  "Keep 
her  away  a  couple  of  points,  sir,  steady."  "  Steadyi,"  sung  the 
man  at  the  helm;  and  a  slow  melancholy  cadence,  although  a  fa- 
miliar  sound  to  me,  now  moaned  through  the  rushing  wind,  and 
sm^te  upon  my  heart  as  if  it  had  been  the  wailing  of  a  spirit.  I 
turned  to  the  boatswain,  who  was  now  standing  beside  me,  "  Is 
that  you  or  Davy  steering,  Mr.  Nipper  ?  if  you  Rad  not  been  these 
bodily  at  my  side,  I  could  have  sworn  that  was  your  voice/"— 
When  the  gunner  made  the  same  remark,  it  started  the  poor  fel« 
low;  he  tried  to  take  it  as  a  joke,  but  could  not.  "  There  may 
be  a  laced  hammock  with  a  shot  in  it,  for  some  of  us  ere  morning." 

At  this  moment,  to  my  dismay,  the  object  wo  were  chasing 
shortened, — gradually  fell  abeam  of  us,  and  finally  disappeared! 
"  The  Flying  Dutchman."  '*  I  can't  see  her  at  all  now."  "  She 
will  be  a  fore  and  afl  rigged  vessel  that  has  tacked,  sir."  And 
sure  enough,  after  a  few  seconds,  I  saw  the  white  object  length^ 
en  and  draw  out  again  abaft  our  beam.  "  The  chase  has  tacked, 
sir;  put  the  helm  down,  or  she  will  go  to  windward  of  us."  We 
tacked  also,  and  time  it  was  we  did  so,  for  the  rising  moon  now 
showed  us  a  large  schooner  with  a  crowd  of  sail.  We  edved 
down  on  her,  when  finding  her  manoeuvre  detected,  she  brailed  up 
her  flat  sails  and  bore  up  before  the  wind.  This  was  our  best 
point  of  sailing,  and  we  cracked  on,  the  captain  rubbing  his  hands 
— "  It's  my  turn  to  be  the  big  un  this  time."  Although  blowing 
a  strong  north-wester,  it  was  now  clear  moon-light,  and  we  haoH 
*mere'd  away  from  our  bow  guns,  but  whenever  a  shot  told  amongst 
the  rigging,  the  injury  was  repaireJ  as  if  by  magic.  It  was  evi- 
dent we  had  repeatedly  hulled  bar,  from  the  glimmering  white 
streaks  along  her  counter  and  across  her  stern,  occasioned^by  the 
splintering  of  the  timber,  but  it  seemed  to  produce  no  efloct. 

At  length  we  drew  well  upon  her  quarter.  She  continued  all  black 
hull  and  white  sail,  not  a  soul  to  be  seen  on  deck,  except  a  dark 
object  which  we  took  for  the  man  at  the  helm.  "  What  schooner 
is  that?"  No  answer.  •<  Heave  to,  or  I'll  sink  you."  Still  all 
silent.  "  Serjeant  Armstrong,  do  you  think  you  can  pick  ofl'that 
chap  at  the  wheel?"  The  mariner  jumped  on  the  forecastle,  and 
levelled  his  piece,  when  a  musket-snot  from  the  schooner  crushed 
through  his  skull,  and  he  fell  dead.  The  old  skipper's  blood  was 
up.    "Forecastle  there!    Mr.  Nipper,  clap  a  canister  of  grape^ 

Sff 


• 


TOM  eMirau'*  Loa. 


ovw  the  round  shot,  in  the  bow  gun,  and  give  it  to  him."  *'  Ay 
%j,  sir!"  gleefully  rejoined  the  boatswain,  firgetting  the  augurj, 
■od  every  thing  else,  in  the  excitement  of  the  moment.  In  a 
twinkling,  the*  square  foresail — topgallant — royal,  and  studding* 
■ail  haufyards,  were  let  go  by  the  run  on  board  the  schooner,  as 
if  they  had  been  shot  away;  and  he  put  his  helm  hard  aport,  as 
if  to  round  to.  "  Rake  him,  sir,  or  give  him  the  stern.  He  has 
Bot  surrendered.  I  know  their  game.  Give  him  your  broadside, 
nr,  or  he  is  oflfto  windward  of  you,  like  a  shot.  No,  no,  we  have 
him  now;  heave  to,  Mr.  Splinter,  heave  to!"  We  did  so,  and  that 
■o  suddenly,  that  the  studding  sail  booms  snapped  like  pipe  shanks 
abort  off  by  the  irons.  Notwithstanding,  we  had  shot  two  hun* 
dred  yards  to  the  leeward,  before  we  could  lay  our  maintopsail  to 
the  mast.  I  ran  to  windward.  The  schooner's  yards  and  rigging 
were  now  black  with  mpn,  clustering  like  bees  swarming,  her 
square  sails  were  being  close  furled,  her  fore  and  aft  sails  set,  and 
away  she  was,  dead  to  windward  of  us.  "  So  much  for  under* 
Tatuing  our  American  friends,"  grumbled  Mr.  Splinter. 

We  made  all  sail  in  chase,  blazing  away  to  little  purpose;  we 
had  no  chance  on  a  bowline,  and  when  our  '  Amigo '  had  satisfied 
himself  of  his  superiority  by  one  or  two  short  tacks,  he  deliberately 
took  a  reef  in  his  mainsail,  bawled  down  his  flying  jib  and  gaff  top* 
■ail,  triced  up  the  bunt  of  his  foresail,  and  fired  his  long  thtrty-two 
at  us.  The  shot  came  in  our  third  aftermost  port  or  the  starboard 
aide,  and  dismounted  the  carronade,  smashing  the  slide,  wounding 
three  men.  The  second  missed,  and  as  it  waa  madness  to  remain 
to  be  peppered,  probably  winged,  whilst  every  one  of  ours  '  fell 
ahort,  we  reluctantly  kept  away  on  our  course,  bavins  the  gratifi- 
cation of  hearing  a  clear  well  blown  bugle  on  board  the  schopner 
play  up  "  Yankee  Doodle."  As  the  brig  fell  off,  our  long  gbn 
was  run  out  to  have  a  parting  crack  at  her,  when  the  third  and 
last  allot  from  the  schooner  struck  the  sill  of  the  midship  port,  and 
made  the  white  splinters  fly  from  the  solid  oak  like  bright  silvar 
qiarks  ia  the  moonlight.  A  sharp,  piercing  cry  rose  in  the  air 
— Hny  tout  identified  that  death-shriek  with  the  voice  that  I  had 
haaitl,  and  I  saw  the  man  who  was  standing  with  the  lanyard  of 
tha  look  in  bis  hand  drop  heavily  across  the  oreech,  and  diaeharga 
tha  gun  in  his  fall.  Thereupon  a  blood-red  glare  shot  up  in  the 
eold  blue  sky,  as  if  a  volcano  had  burst  forth  from  beneath  the 
aiigbt^  deep,  followed  by  a  roar,  and  a  scattering  crash,  and  a 
mingling  of  unearthly  cries  and  groans,  and-  a  concussion  of  tha 
air  and  the  water  as  if  our  whole  broadside  bad  been  fired  at 
once. — Then  a  solitary  splash  here,  and  a  dip  thore,  and  short 
aharp  yells,  and  low  choking  bubbling  moans,  as  the  hissing  frag* 
nanta  of  the  noble  vesael  we  had  seen  fell  into  the  sea,  and  tha 
\tt^  of  her  grUrnt  crew  vanished  forever  beneath  that,  pale  broad 
aoon.  We  u/e»-e  oloiw;  and  once  more  all  was  dark,  wild  anditpranr 
FaarMIy  had  that  baU  aped,  fired  b/  a  dead  man's  Ymj^^ 


■^^.-•stWsmia^Wiitm* 


II     I  I"' 


e  it  to  him."    "  Ay 
rgetting  the  augurjr, 
the  moment.     In  a 
royal,  and  atudding- 
ard  the  schooner,  at 
helm  hard  a  port,  as 
the  stern.    He  has 
e  him  your  broadside, 
ot.     No,  no,  we  have 
We  did  so,  and  that 
apped  like  pipe  shanks 
we  had  shot  two  hun> 
lay  our  maintopsail  to 
ler's  yards  and  rigging 
bees  swarming,  her 
e  and  aft  sails  set,  and 
So  much  for  under* 
tfr.  Splinter. 
f  to  little  purpose;  we 
'  Amigo '  had  satisfied 
■t  tacks,  he  deliberately 
s  flying  jib  and^aff  toi^* 
fired  his  long  thirty-two 
>8t  port  or  the  starboard 
ing  the  slide,  wounding 
was  madness  to  remain 
every  one  of  ours  fell 
lurse,  having  the  sratifi* 
;  on  board  the  schopner 
g  fell  off,  our  long  gUn 
ler,  when  the  third  and 
of  the  midship  port,  and 
id  oak  like  bright  silver 
iing  cry  rose  in  the  air 
ith  the  voice  that  I  bad 
ins  with  the  lanyard  of 
e  Dreech,  and  diacharse 
red  glare  shot  up  in  toe 
forth  from  beneath  the 
scattering  crash,  and  a 
and-  a  concussion  of  tha 
dside  had  been  fired  at 
a  dip  thore,  and  short 
ans,  as  the  hissing  frag- 
11  into  the  aea,  and  tno 
beneath  that,  pale  broad 
as  dark,  wild  MtdatMraqr 
dead  man'a  ha(|Pf# 


%J> 


what  is  it  that  clings,  blaek  and  doubled,  across  the  fbtal  cannon, 
dripping  and  heavy,  and  choking  the  scuppers  with  clotting  gore, 
ana  swaying  to  and  fro  with  the  motion  of  the  vessel,  like  a 
bloody  fleece?  "Who  is  it  that  was  hit  at  the  gun  there?" 
"  Jdr.  yipptr,  the  boatiwain,  ttr,  Uu  la$t  $hot  ha$  cut  Mm  in  two." 


1 


NELSON. 

Horatio,  son  of  Edmund  and  Catharine  Nelson,  was  bom 
Sept.  39,  1758 — in  the  parsonage  house  of  Burnham  Thorpe,  a 
village  in  the  county  of  Norfolk,  England.  He  was  never  of  a 
strong  body;  and  at  the  age  of  twelve  years,  when  he  entered 
the  service  of  his  country,  the  ague,  which  at  that  time  was  one 
of  the  most  common  diseases  in  England,  had  greatly  reduced 
his  strength;  yet  he  had  already  given  proofs  of  a  resolute  heart 
and  great  nobleness  of  mind. 

His  first  appointment,  was  on  board  the  Raiaonnable,  com- 
manded by  his  uncle,  Capt.  Maurice  Suckling.  The  Raisonnablo 
was  lying  in  the  Medway.  He  was  put  into  xhe  Chatham  stage, 
and  on  its  arrival  was  set  down  with  the  rest  of  the  passengers, 
and  left  to  find  his  way  on  board  as  ho  could.  After  wandering 
about  in  the  cold,  without  being  able  to  reach  the  ship,  an  ofllicer 
observing  the  forlorn  appearance  of  the  boy,  questioned  him;  and 
happening  to  be  acquainted  with  his  uncle,  took  him  home,  and 
gave  him  some  refreshments. — When  he  got  on  board,  Capt. 
Suckling  was  not  in  the  ship,  nor  had  any  person  been  apprised 
of  the  boy's  coming.  He  paced  the  deck  the  whole  remainder 
of  the  day,  without  being  noticed  by  any  one;  and  it  was  not  till 
the  second  day  that  somebody,  as  he  expressed  it,  "  took  compas* 
sioa  on  him." 

The  Raiaonnable  having  been  paid  off  shortly  afterwards,  ho 
was  removed  to  the  Triumph,  a  seventy-four,  then  stationed  u  a 
guard-ship  in  the  Thames;  but  this  being  considered  too  inactiva 
a  life  for  a  boy,  he  was  sent  average  to  the  West  Indies,  and  ra* 
turned  a  practical  seaman,  but  with  a  hatred  of  the  king's  servioe, 
and  a  saying  then  common  among  tailors — "  aft  the  most  honor, 
forward  the  better  man."  Bein||  reconciled  to  the  service,  ht 
was  received  on  board  his  old  ship,  tha  Triumph,  where  he  had 
not  been  many  months,  before  his  lore  of  enterprise  was  excited 
by  bearing  that  two  ships  were  fitting  out  for  a  voyage  of  discor- 

3f  towards  the  North  Pole.  By  his  uncle's  interest,  he  waa 
mitted  ascoxawain  under  Capt.  Lutwidaa,  second  in  cominan4. 
They  pailed  from  the  Nora  on  the  4tb  of  Juno  1773,  and  wer» 
tway  iioat  thraa  yean,  aoiimag  many  inrdabipa  and  braving 


MMfti 


n<r^lllll!llllr|||l|l#^^^^l||»^^^^;lB^^^^|^l^wrl|^ll^^lil^l>lI, 


mtLson. 


many  dangers,  in  which  Nelson,  young  tts  he  was,  displayed 
many  of  those  qualities,  for  which  he  afterwards  became  so  re- 
markable. After  they  had  carefully  surveyed  the  barrier  of  ice 
extending  for  more  than  twenty  degrees  between  the  latitudes 
of  80"  and  81°,  without  the  smallest  appearance  of  any  opening, 
they  returned  to  England  and  were  paid  off. 

Nelson  wus  then  appointed  to  the  Seahorse,'  of  twenty  guns, 
then  going  out  to  the  East  Indies;  but  in  about  eighteen  months, 
he  experienced  the  effects  of  that  climate,  so  perilous  to  Euro- 
pean  constitutions;  and  was  carried  home,  with  a  body  broken 
down  by  sickness,  and  spirits  which  had  sunk  with  his  strength. 
His  health  being  somewhat  improved,  he  was  appointed  noting- 
lieutenant  in  the  Worcester,  sixty-four,  then  going  out  with  con- 
voy to  Gibraltar,  and  on  his  return,  pasaed  his  examination  for  a 
lieutenancy,  on  the  8th  of  April,  1777. 

The  next  day  Nelson  received  his  commission  as  second  lieu- 
tenant of  the  Lowestoffe  frigate  and  sailed  for  Jamaica.  On  tho 
8th  of  December,  1778,  he  wab  appointed  commander  of  the 
Badger  brig.  While  the  Badger  was  lying  in  Montego  Bay, 
Jamaica,  the  Glasgow,  of  twenty  guns  came  in  and  anchored 
there,  and  in  two  hours  was  in  flames,  the  steward  having  set  Are 
to  her  while  stealing  rum  out  of  the  after-hold.  Her  crew  were 
leaping  into  the  water,  when  Nelson  came  up  in  his  boats,  made 
them  t^row  their  powder  overboard,  and  point  their  guns  upward* 
and,  by  his  presence  of  mind  and  personal  exertions,  prevented 
the  loss  of  life  which  would  otherwise  have  ensued.  On  the  1 1th 
of  June,  1779,  he  was  made  post  into  the  Hinchinbrook,  of  twen- 
ty-eight guns;  so  that  we  find  him,  before  he  had  attained  the  age 
of  twenty-one,  with  that  rank  that  brought  all  the  honors  of  the 
service  within  his  reach;  thoroughly  master  of  his  profession,  and 
hia  zeal  and  ability  acknowledged  wherever  he  was  known.  He 
remained  in  the  West  Indies  about  five  years,  actively  employed, 
until  he  became  so  debilitated  that  he  was  compelled  to  ask  leave 
of  absence,  and  returned  home  with  Capt.  (afterwards  Admiral 
Cornwallis),  to  whose  care  and  kindness  Nelson  believed  himself 
indebted  for  his  life. 

His  health  was  not  thoroughly  esfablished,  when  he  was  seitt  to 
the  North  Seas;  and  on  his  return  to  the  Downs,  in  the  Albemarle, 
while  he  was  ashore  visitins  the  senior  officer,  there  came  on  so 
heavy  a  gale,  that  almost  all  the  vessels  drove,  and  a  store  ship 
oame  athwart-hawse  of  the  Albemarle.  Nelson  feared  she  would 
drive  on  the  Gk>odwin  Sands:  he  ran  to  the  beach;  but  even  the 
Deal  boatmen  thought  it  impossible  to  get  on  board,  such  was  the 
violence  of  the  storm.  At  length,  some  of  the  most  intrepid  of- 
fored  to  make  the  attempt  for  fifteen  guineas;  and  to  the  astonish- 
ment and  fear  of  all  the  beholders,  he  embarked  during  the  height 
«f  the  tem|)est.  With  great  difficulty  and  imminent  danger,  na 
■oeceedad  ia  raubing  htr.    Ska  lost  bar  bowsprit  apd  iMaiant, 


S3SZ 


'?■{■!(»*•' 


KBtMUC. 


m 


he  was,  displayed 
lards  became  so  re- 
\d  the  barrier  of  ice 
ttween  the  latitudes 
mce  of  any  opening, 

se|  of  twenty  guns, 
ut  eighteen  months, 
10  perilous  to  Euro- 
with  a  body  broken 

ik  with  his  strength. 

as  appointed  ncting- 
going  out  with  con- 

ia  examination  for  a 

sion  as  second  liou- 

br  Jamaica.  On  tho 
commander  of  the 
ig  in  Montego  Bay, 

me  in  and  anchored 

teward  having  set  fire 

>ld.     Her  crew  were 

ip  in  his  boats,  made 

nt  their  guns  upward' 

I  exertions,  prevented 

ensued.     On  the  1 1th 

[inchinbrook,  of  twen- 

e  had  attained  the  age 

all  the  honors  of  the 

of  his  profession,  and 

he  was  known.     He 

rs,  actively  employed, 

ompelled  to  ask  leave 

(afterwards  Admiral 
dson  believed  himself 

I,  when  he  was  seitt  to 
vns,  in  the  Albemarle, 
:er,  there  came  on  to 
>ve,  and  a  store  ship 
ilson  feared  she  would 
beach;  but  even  the 
n  board,  such  waathe 
the  most  intrepid  of- 
;  and  to  the  astonish- 
ked  during  the  height 
imminent  danger,  n* 
•wsprtt  tad  fiifeMiiit, 


but  escaped  farther  Injury.  He  next  sailed  for  Canada,  and  dur- 
ing his  first  cruise  on  that  station,  captured  a  fishing  schooner, 
which  contained,  in  her  cargo,  nearly  all  the  property  that  her 
master  possessed ;  .and  the  poor  fellow  had  a  large  family  at  home, 
anxiously  expecting  him.  Nelson  employed  him  as  a  pilot  in 
Boston  Bay,  then  restored  him  the  schooner  and  cargo,  and  gave 
him  a  certificate  to  secure  him  against  being  captured  by  any 
other  vessel.  The  man  came  oflT  afterward  to  the  Albemarle,  at 
the  hazard  of  his  life,  with  a  present  of  sheep,  poultry,  and  fresh 
provisions.  The  certificate  was  preserved  at  Boston  in  memory 
of  an  act  of  unusual  generosity ;  and  now  that  the  fame  of  Nelson 
has  given  interest  to  every  thing  connected  with  his  name,  it  is 
regarded  as  a  relic.  On  Nelson's  arrival  at  New  York,  Lord 
Hood,  on  introducing  him  to  Prince  William  Henry,  as  the  Duke 
of  Clarence  was  then  called,  told  the  prince,  if  he  wished  to  ask 
any  questions  respecting  naval  tactics,  Captain  Nelson  could  give 
him  as  much  information  as  any  ofiicer  in  the  fleet.  After  cruis- 
ing some  time  ofl*  the  Spanish  Main  and  making  many  captures, 
he  received  intelligence  that  the  preliminaries  of  peace  had  been 
signed,  and  he  returned  to  England,  at  the  latter  part  of  the 
year  1783. 

"  I  have  closed  the  war"  said  Nelson,  in  one  of  his  letters, 
"  without  a  fortune,  but  there  is  not  a  speck  in  my  character. 
True  honor,  I  hope,  predominates  in  my  mind,  far  above  riches." 
He  did  not  apply  for  a  ship,  because  he  was  not  wealthy  enough 
to  live  on  board  in  the  manner  which  was  then  customary. 
Finding  it,  therefore,  prudent  to  economise,  on  his  half  pay,  be 
went  to  France.  In  March  1784 — he  was  appointed  to  the 
Boreas  twenty-eight  guns,  going  to  the  Leeward  Islands  on  the 
peace  establishment.  On  the  11th,  March  1787,  he  was  married 
to  the  widow  of  Dr.  Nisbet,  who  was  niece  to  Mr.  Herbert,  the 
President  of  Nevis — then  in  her  eighteenth  year;  Prince  William 
Henry,  being  present,  gave  away  the  bride.  During  his  stay 
upon  this  station  he  had  ample  opportunity  of  observing  the 
scandalous  practices  of  the  contractors,  prize-agents,  and  other 
persons  in  the  West  Indies  connected  with  the  naval  service. 
Tftese  accounts  he  sent  home  to  the  diflerent  departments 
which  had  been  defrauded;  but  the  peculators  were  too  powerful; 
and  they  succeeded  not  merely  in  impeding  inquiry  but  even  in 
raising  prejudices  against  Nelson  at  the  board  of  Admiralty, 
which  it  was  many  years  before  he  could  subdue.  He  returned  to 
England  nnd  remained  principally  in  the  country,  with  hi«  family 
and  friends. 

On  the  30th  of  January  1793,  he  wos  appointed  to  the  Aga- 
memnon of  sixty-four  guns,  and  ordered  to  the  Mediterranean 
under  Lord  Hood,  by  whom  he  was  sent  with  despatches  to  Sir 
William  Hamilton,  at  the  court  of  Naples.  Here,  that  acquaint- 
UM  with  the  Neapolitan  court  oommeneed,  which  led  totheoni/ 

26* 


f 


blot  upon  Nelson's  public  character.    Having  accomplished  thia 
mission  Nelson  received  orders  to  join  Commodore  L'n«e  »t 
Tunis,  and  was  detached  with  a  small  squadron,  to  cooperate  with 
General  Paoli  and  the  Anti-Gallican  party  in  Corsica.    AAer  a 
auccessful  attack  of  the  fort  of  Bastia,  at  the  siege  of  Calvi  a 
shot  struck  the  ground  near  him.  and  drove  t»?e  f^nd  aad  small 
sravel  into  one  of  his  eyes.    He  spoke  of  it  lightly  at  the  time. 
Kt  the  sight  was  lost.   ^Falling  in  with  the  Ca-rra.  of  eighty-fpur 
Kuns.  and  Censeur,  seventy-four,  he  engaged  and  captured  both 
of  them.    In  1796.  Nelson  was  made  colonel  of  marines.     Sir 
John  Jervis  had  now  arrived  to  take  the  command  of  the  Medi- 
terranean  fleet.     Nelson  sailed  from  Leghorn,  and  joined  the 
admiral  in  Fiorenzo  Bay,  and  the  manner  m  which  he  was  re- 
ceived  is  said  to  have  excited  much  envy.    During  this  long 
course  of  services  in  the  Mediterranean,  the  whole  of  his  conduct 
had  exhibited  the  same  zeal,  the  same  indefatigable  energy,  the 
same  intuitive  iudgment.  the  same  prompt  and  unerring  doci- 
sion.   which  characterized  bis  after  career  of  glory.      Un  one 
occasion,  and  only  one.  Nelson  was  able  to  impede  Buonaparte. 
Six  vessels,  laden  with  cannon  and  ordinance-stones  for  the  siege 
of  Mantua,  sailed  from  Toulon  for  St.  Pier  d'  Arena.     He  drove 
them  under  a  battery,  pursued  them,  silenced  the  batteries,  and 
captured  the  whole.     Nelson  was  now  ordered  to  hoist  his  broad 
pennant-  on  board  the  Minerve  frigate  and  proceed  to  Porto 
Ferrajo.     On  his  way,  he  captured  the  Sabina,  Spanish  frigate, 
aftc^  an  action  of  three  hours,  during  which  the  enemy  lost  one 
hundred  and  sixty-four  men.     Another  enemy  s  fiigate  coming 
up,  compelled  him  to  cast  off  the  prize,  and  after  half  an  hour  s 
trial  of  strength,  this  new  antagonist  wore  and  hauled  off.     He 
Bailed  from  Porto  Ferrajo  with  a  convoy  for  Gibraltar  and  fell  m 
with  the  Spanish  fleet  off  the  Straits,  on  the  ISth  of  February 
1797,  and  communicated  this  intelligence  to  the  Admiral.^ 

He  was  now  directed  to  shift  his  broad  pennant  on  board  the 
Captain,  seventy-four.  Captain  R.  W.  Miller;  and,  before  sun- 
aet;  the  signal  was  made  to  prepare  for  action,  and  to  keep,  dur- 
ing the  night,  in  close  order.  At  daybreak  the  enemy  were  ,m 
sight.  The  British  force  consisted  of  two  ships  of  one  hundred 
guns,  two  of  ninety-eight,  two  of  ninety,  eight  of  seventy-four, 
and  one  sixty-four:  fifteen  of  the  line  in  all;  with  four  frigates,  a 
sloop  and  a  cutter.  The  Spaniards  had  one  foyr-decker,  of  one 
hundred  and  thirty-six  guns;  six  three-deckers,  of  one  hundred 
and  twelve;  two  oighty-foura;  eighteen  aeventy-fours;  in  all, 
twenty-seven  ships  of  the  line,  with  ten  frigates  and  a  brig. 
When  the  morning  of  the  14th  broke,  and  discovered  the  English 
fleet,  a  fog  for  some  time  concealed  their  number.  Soon  after  day- 
light the  Spanish  fleet  were  seen  very  much  scattered,  while  the 
British  ships  were  in  a  compact  little  body.  Before  the  e^emy 
Mtiia  form  a  regular  order  of  batU*.  Sir  J.  Jwn;  by  carrying 


■^CT" 


aoeomptished  this 
imodore  Linzie  at 
,  to  cooperate  with 
Corsica.    Ailer  a 
siege  of  Calvi,  a 
ihe  sand  and  small 
liffhtly  at  the  time, 
vlra,  of  eighty-four 
and  captured  both 
|el  of  marines.     Sir 
imand  of  the  Medi- 
)rn,  and  joined  the 
[n  which  he  was  ro« 
Durins  this  long 
'hole  of  his  conduct 
igable  energy,  the 
and  unerring  dcci- 
of  glory.      On  one 
inipede  Buonaparte. 
'Stones  for  the  siege 
Arena.     He  drove 
d  the  batteries,  and 
id  to  hoist  his  broad 
i  proceed  to  Porto 
ina,  Spanish  frigate, 
I  the  enemy  lost  one 
my's  frigate  coming 
after  half  an  hour's 
ind  hauled  off.     He 
Gibraltar  and  fell  in 
le  13th  of  February 
ihe  Admiral, 
inoant  on  board  the 
r;  and,  before  sun- 
I,  and  to  keep^,  dur- 
the  enemy  were  is 
lips  of  one  hundrad 
;ht  of  seventy-four, 
kvith  four  frigates,  a 
fopr-decker,  of  oue 
!rs,  of  one  hundred 
^enty-fours;   in  all, 
-■gates  and  a  brig, 
sovered  the  Engli^ 
•er.   Soon  after  day- 
icattered,  while  the 
Before  the  e^emy 
Jarria,  by  carrying 


Mtuow.  MP 

a  pren  of  sail,  came  up  with  them,  passed  through  their  fleet,  thea 
tacked,  and  thus  cut  off  nine  of  their  ships  from  the  main  bodjr. 
These  ships  attempted  to  form  on  the  larboard  tack,  either  with  a 
design  of  passing  through  the  British  line,  or  to  leeward  of  it, 
and  thus  rejoining  their  friends.  Only  one  of  them  succeeded  w 
this  attempt;  and  that  only  because  she  was  so  covered  with 
smoke  that  her  intention  was  not  discovered  till  she  had  reached 
the  rear:  the  others  were  so  warmly  received,  that  they  put  about, 
took  to  flight,  and  did  not  appear  again  ip  the  action  till  its  close. 
The  admiral  was  now  'able  to  direct  his  attention  to  the  enemy's 
^ain  body,  which  was  still  superior  in  number  to  his  whole  fleet, 
and  more  so  iq  weight  of  metal.  He  made  signal  to  tack  in  suo- 
cession.  Nelson,  whose  station  was  in  the  rear  of  the  British 
line,  perceived  that  the  Spaniards  were  bearing  up  before  the 
wind,  with  an  intention  of  forming  their  line,  going  large,  and 
joining  their  separated  ships,  or  else,  of  getting  off  without  an 
engagement.  To  prevent  either  of  these  schemes,  he  disobeyed 
the  signal  without  a  moment's  hesitation,  and  ordered  his  ship  to 
be  wore.  This  at  once  brought  him  into  action  with  the  Santissi- 
ma  Trinidad,  one  hundred  and  thirty-six,  the  San  Joseph,  one 
hundred  and  twelve,  the  Salvador  del  Mundo,  one  hundred  uti 
twelve,  the  St.  Nicolas,  eighty,  the  San  Isidro,  seventy-four 
another  seventy-four,  and  another  first-rate.  Captain  Trowbridge 
in  the  Culloden,  immediately  joined,  and  most  nobly  sfipported 
him,  and  for  nearly  an  hour  did  the  Culloden  and  Captain  main- 
tain what  Nelson  called  "  this  apparently,'  but  not  really,  unequal 
contest;" — such  was  the  advantage  of  skill  and  discipline,  and 
the  confidence  which  brave  men  derive  from  them. — The  Blenheim 
then  passing  between  them  and  the  enemy,  gave  them  a  respite, 
and  poured  in  her  fire  upon  the  Spaniards.  The  Salvador  del 
Mundo  and  S.  Isidro  dropped  astern,  and  were  fired  into,  in  a 
masterly  style,  by  the  Excellent  Captain  Collingwood.  The  S. 
Isidro  struck;  and  Nelson  thought  that  the  Salviulor  struck  also; 
"  But  Collinffwood,"  says  he,  "  disdaining  the  parade  of  taking 
possession  of  beaten  enemies,  most  gallantly  pushed  up,  with 
every  sail  set,  to  save  his  old  friend  and  messmate,  who  was,  to 
aflpearance,  in  a  critical  situation,"  for  the  Captain  was  at  thb 
time  actually  fired  upon  by  three  first-rates,  by  the  S.  Nicolas, 
and  by  a  seventy-four  within  about  pistol-shot  of  that  vessel 
The  Blenheim  was  ahead,  the  Culloden  crippled  and  astern 
Collingwood  ranged  up,  and  hauling  up  his  mainsail  just  astern, 
passecTwithin  ten  feet  of  the  S.  Nicolas,  giving  her  a  most  tre* 
mendous  fire,  then  passed  on  for  the  Santissima  Trinidad.  The 
8.  Nicolas  luffing  up,  the  S.  Joseph  fell  on  board  her  and  Nelson 
resumed  his  station  abreast  of  them,  and  close  alonf^-side.  The 
Captain  was  now  incapable  of  farther  service  either  m  the  line  er 
iu  chase:  she  bad  lost  her  fore-topmast;  not  a  sail,  shroud,  or 
rope  was  left,  and  her  wheel  was  snot  away.    Nelson,  tborefim. 


Mmt 


4i,.et.d  Cptain  MiUer  Jo  put  the  JeUn  a^J^J^g;  « VhftS 
5r  the  borders  ordered  f'J^o  board     W  ^^^^  ^^^  ^^^^  j^ 
ately  been  NeUon's  tj^t  »'«»tenant,^o«  .^  ^^^^  ^^^^  ^^^ 

ed  into  the  enemy's  ";«f  »-«J^"";-  ^Zlin.  Berry  was  support- 
of  going,  was  ordered  by  Ne»»on  to  remam  jj-^^^x^^^^  main 

edfrom^hespritsail-yard  w^^^^^^^^^  ^^^  upper  quarter- 

rigging.  A  soldier  of  the  »  »ty  "'rj^  ^  t^e  Commodore  him- 
gSfery  window.  »■«»  J"^^'* 'J' ^Se  W  cabinnloors  were 
felf.  ind  by  others  as  ^^^t  as  powible      i     ^^  ^   ^,,^„ 

fostened,   and  the  Spa-'J^  oncers  ft^^^^^ 
throush  the  wmdow:  the  doors  were  boou  j    i^     Nelson 

bb  brigadier  fell  while  retreatmg  to  th«  <l"f  J^^;      and  the 
SfsSri  on.  and  found  Berry  m  pgsess^ononhe  ?o^l 
Bpanish  ensign  hauling  down.     «e  pass  received  their 

where  he  met  two  or  three  Spanish  officers    an 
Twords  -The  English  were  f^.^^^/^'Er;  opened  upon  them 
•of  the  ship;  and  ^.^^  «/ /^^ty  Jf  S^^^^^^^  Nelson 

from  the  admiral's  stern  8*".Yl°„t  judders,  and  ordered  Cap- 
bavinn  placed sentmels  at  the  «>'tte'®"V*°"ri  '     gave  orders  for 
SSrfeiller  to  send  ^''^rVn  NicolaJ     Ber^ry  assisted  him 
boarding  that  ship  f'°™  the  San  Ntcoh«.^  ^^^^^ 
into  the  main-chains;  and  at  that  mjem^  It        3 

over  the  quarter-deck-rail,  and  saw  ihy  ^^^  Spin.sh 

Jot  long  blforo  he  was  on  the  ^^^'^'-^^l^^  him  the  admiral 
captain  presented  to  him  h««w«™;  *»°^„  ^^e  quarter-deck  of 
w<U  below,  dying  of  h.s  wounds     The'e  on        j^  ^^^^^^.       , 

an  enemy's  ffrst-rate.  he  l^^^^^f^^XyZltoWinx^Ve^^^^y, 
ingthem.  as  they  were  d«l|J"«^^;°;jiX  utmost  coolness,  put 
one  of  his  old  Agamemnon  s,  *"°;  ""*"  ,.  :„  the  lively  expres- 
Sem  under  his  arm;'' bundling  t^em^^^^^  ^  ^^  ^H    ,, 

■ioo  of  Colhngwood.      w»lb  as  mm^u         v  ^  ^^^^ 

ha^  made  a  fi«ot.  though  twenty-two  ""'  *»^^^^^^^ 

Xthin  gunshor^'  ."^i^'atrtrDart  of^tSrrs^stai^  by  the 
and  fiay-six  wounded;  a  fourth  pMt  01  »"  received  only  a 

whole  squadron  falUng  upon  Unj  ^^.^^^^^,  „i„eteen  ships, 
few  bruises.  The  Spaniards  had  still  «'gj«  j^^i.^ed  continu- 
which  had  suffered  httl«  °r  »«  '-J-JJ;;^;;  3^  signal  to  bring 
ing  the  action;  and  the  Bntian  aomir  j  Sir  John  Jervis 

S:    Nelson  went  onboard  the  admiral  s^hip.  an  ^^^  ^^^ 

received  him  on  the  quarter  "f'^J' t«o»"'™i'.    ,^4^^^      the  com- 
he  could  not  sufficiently  thank  h  J  JjJ  tins  gc^.  ^.^^^^^ 
mander-in-chief  was  rewarded  with  ««  J^"*  "'^^  ,    j  ^ad  been 
5S.on.  who.  before  the  »«t»onwM  known  in^^^^^     ^^  ^^^  ^^^ 
advanced  to  the  rank  of  rear-admiral,  baa  me  v 

given  him.  .^    .    .      „  k»:.tii<l  his  flag  as  rear-admiral  of 

•  Sir  Horatio,  who  had  now  hoisted  bis  nag  «  j  ^f  n, 

th.  blue  in  the  Theseus.  *"  -inp'oycd  'U  t^B^mj^.^  ^^.^^ 
iMMr  witttdroo  at  the  Wockade  of  C«»»-    *«"»• 


itmrmtA^ar^tilt 


sard,  and,  callipg 
n  Berry,  who  had 
St  man  who  leap- 
SD  in  the  very  act 
etry  was  support- 
NicolasV  main 
he  upper  quarter- 
Commodore  him- 
cabin-doors  were 
tr  pistols  at  them 
ed,  and  the  Span- 
rterwleck.     Nelson 
the  poop,  and  the 
I  to  the  forecastle, 
and  received  their 
ssion  of  every  part 
opened  upon  them 
.  Joseph.     Nelson 
and  ordered  Cap- 
e,  gave  orders  for 
Berry  assisted  him 
Danish  officer  looked 
urrendered.     It   was 
where  the  Spinish 
old  him  the  admiral 
i  the  quarter-deck  of 
I  of  the  officers;  giv- 
to  William  Fearney, 
utmost  coolness,  put 
in  the  lively  expres- 
posure,  as  he  would 
f  their  line  were  still 
iin*s  men  were  killed, 
OSS  sustained  by  the 
snn  received  only  a 
en  or  nineteen  ships, 
ley  declined  continu- 
lade  signal  to  bring 
),  and  Sir  John  Jervis 
in  his  arms,  and  said 
lis -victory,  the  cum- 
of  Earl  St.  Vincent, 
a  England,  had  been 
le  Order  of  the  Bath 

I  as  rear-admiral  of 
the  oommaud  of  the 
During  this  icrvio*, 


9BIJ0X. 

the  most  perilous  action  occurred  in  which  he  was  ever  engaged. 
Making  a  night-attack  upon  the  Spanish  gunboats,  his  baree  was 
attacked  by  an  armed  launch,  under  their  commander,  D.  5liguel 
Tregoyen,  carrying  twenty-six  men.  Nelson  had  with  him  only 
his  ten  bargemen.  Captain  Freemantle,  and  his  coxswain,  John 
Sykes,  an  old  and  faithful  follower,  who  twice  saved  the  life  of  bis 
admiral,  by  parrying  the  blows  tiiat  were  aimed  at  him,  and,  at 
last,  actually  interposed  his  own  head  to  receive  the  blow  of  a 
Spanish  sabre,  which  he  could  not  by  any  other  means  avert  ;^ 
thus  dearly  was  Nelson  beloved.  Nelson  always  considered  that 
his  personal  courage  was  more  conspicuous  on  this  occasion  than 
on  any  other  during  his  whole  life.  Notwithstanding  the  great 
disproportion  of  numbers,  eighteen  of  the  enemy  were  killed,  all 
the  rest  wounded,  and  th^ir  launch  taken. 

Twelve  days  after  this  rencounter,  Nelson  sailed  at  the  head 
of  an  expedition  agiiinst  TencrifTe.  Owing  to  disadvantages  of 
wind  and  tide,  this  expedition  did  not  prove  entirely  successful. 
In  the  act  of  stepping  out  of  one  of  the  boat.s.  Nelson  received  a 
shot  through  the  right  elbow,  and  fell.  He  was  placed  at  the 
bottom  of  the  boat,  and  on  being  conveyed  on  board  the  Theseus, 
exclaimed  "  Tell  the  surgeon  to  make  haste  and  get  his  instru- 
ments. I  know  I  must  lose  my  right  arm,  so  the  sooner  it  is  off 
the  better."    Nelson  made  no  mention  of  it  in  his  official  des- 

Satches.  The  total  loss  of  the  English,  in  killed,  wounded  and 
rowned,  amounted  to  two  hundred  and  fifty — After  his  arrival 
in  Eneland,  his  sufferings  from  the  lost  limb  were  long  and 
palnfuf. 

Early  in  the  year  1793,  Nelson  hoisted  his  flax  in  the  Vanguard, 
and  was  ordered  to  rejoin  Earl  St.  Vincent.  Immediately  on -bis 
rejoining  the  fleet,  he  was  despatched  to  the  Mediterranean,  to 
ascertain,  if  possible,  the  object,  of  the  great  expedition  which  at 
that  time  was  fitting  out,  under  Buonaparte,  at  Toulon.  The  arma- 
ment at  Touinn  consisted  of  thirteen  ships  of  the  line,  seven 
forty-gun  frigates,  with  twenty-four  smaller  vessels  of  war,  and 
nearly  two  hundred  transports.  Nelson  sailed  from  Gibraltar  on 
the  9lh  of  May,  with  three  seventy-fours;  four  frigates;  and  one 
sloop  of  war;  to  watch  this  formidable  armament.  On  the  19th, 
the  fleet  experienced  much  damage  from  a  tempestuous  gale,  iu 
the  Gulf  of  Lyons.  While  in  the  harbor  of  St.  Pietro,  he  receiv- 
ed a  reinforcement  from  Earl  St.  Vincent  of  the  best  ships  of  his 
fleet;  the  Cullnden,  seventy-four.  Captain  T.  Trowbridge;  Goliah, 
seventy-four.  Captain  T.  Louis;  Defence,  seventy-four.  Captain 
John  Peyton;  Bellerophon,  seventy-four,  Captain  H.  D.  E.  Darox> 
Majest'c,  seventy-four.  Captain  G.  B.  Westcott;  Zealous,  seventy- 
four,  Ciptain  S.'Hood;  Swiftrure,  seventy-four.  Captain  B.  Hu- 
lowell;  Theseus,  seventy-four.  Captain  Davidge  Gould.  The 
Leander,  fiily,  Captain  T.  B.  Thompson,  was  afterward  added. 
The  first  news  of  the  enemy's  armament  was,  that  it  had  surprised 


tmtiM 


m 


J 


HILMir. 


Malta,  bat  on  thaS3d  of  Jane,  intelligence  was  received  that  the 
French  had  left  that  island  on  the  16th,  the  day  after  their  arrival. 
Nelaon  arrived  off  Alexandria  on  the  28th,  and  the  enemy  were 
not  there;  he  then  shaped  his  course  tu  the  northward,  but  baffled 
in  his  pursuit,  returned  to  Sicily.  Vexed,  however,  and  disap- 
pointed as  he  was,  Nelson,  with  the  true  spirit  of  a  hero,  was 
•till  full  of  hope.  On  the  2dth  of  July,  he  sailed  from  Syracuse 
for  tho  Morea.  The  squadron  made  the  Gulf  of  Coron  on  the 
28th,  Trowbridge  entered  the  port,  and  returned  with  intelligence 
that  the  French  had  been  seen  ahout  four  weeks  before,  steering  to 
the  south-east  from  Candia.  The  British  fleet  accordingly,  with 
every  sail  set,  stood  once  more  for  the  coast  uf  Kgypt.  On  the 
1st  of  August,  about  ten  in  the  morning,  they  ciune  in  sight 
of  Alexandria,  the  port  had  been  vacant  and  solitary  when  they 
saw  it  last:  it  was  now  crowded  with  ships;  and  they  perceived, 
with  exultation,  that  the  tricolor  flag  was  flying  upon  the  walls. 
At  four  in  tho  ailernoon.  Captain  Hood,  in  the  Zealous,  made  the 
'  signal  for  the  enemy's  fleet.  The  French  fleet  arrived  at  Alex- 
andria on  the  1st  of  July ;  and  Brueys,  not  being  able  to  enter  the 
port,  which  time  and  neglect  had  ruined,  moored  his  ships  in 
Aboukir  Bay,  in  a  strong  and  compact  line  of  battle.  The  plnn 
which  NeUon  intended  to  pursue,  therefore,  was  to  keep  entirely 
on  the  outer  side  of  the  French  line,  and  station  his  ships,  as  fur 
as  he  was  able,  one  on  the  outer  bow,  and  another  on  the  outer 
quarter,  of  each  of  the  enemy's. 

As  the  squadron  advanced,  they  were  assailed  by  a  shower  of 
shot  and  shells  from  the  batteries  on  the  island,  and  the  enemy 
opened  a  steady  Are  from  the  starboard  side  of  their  whole  lino, 
within  half  gun-shot  distance,  full  into  the  bows  of  the  van  ships. 
It  was  received  in  silence:  the  men  on  board  every  ship  were 
employed  aloft  in  furling  sails,  and  below  in  tending  the  braces, 
and  making;  ready  for  anchoring.  Captain  Foley  led  the  way  in 
the  fi'-l.Ati,  out-sailing  the  Zealous,  which  for  some  minutes  dis- 
puted this  point  of  honor  with  him.  He  had  long  conceived  that 
if  the  enemy  were  moored  in  line  of  battle  in  with  the  land,  the 
best  plan  of-attack  would  be,  to  lead  between  them  and  the  shore, 
because  the  French  guns  on  that  side  were  not  likely  to  be  man 
ned,  nor  even  ready  for  action.  Intending,  therefore,  to  fix  him- 
self on  the  inner  bow  of  the  Gwrrier,  he  kept  as  near  the  edge 
of  the  bank  as  the  depth  of  water  would  admit;  but.his  anchor  hung, 
and  having  opened  his  fire,  he  drifted  to  the  second  ship,  the  Con- 
querant,  before  it  was  clear;  then  anchored  by  the  stern,  inside 
of  her,  and  in  ten  minutes  shot  awa^  her  mast.  Hood,  in  the 
Zealo  js,  perceivins  this,  took  the  station  which  the  Goliah  intend- 
ed to  have  occupied,  and  totally  disabled  the  Churrier  in  twelve 
minutts.  The  third  ship  which  doubled  the  enemy's  van  was  the 
Orion,  Sir  I.  Saumorez;  she  passed  to  windward  of  the  Zealous, 
end  opened  her  larboard  guni  oe  long  as  she  bore  on  the'  Qvtrritr; 


mtttinr. 


it 


received  that  th» 

ftc]-  their  arrival. 

the  enemy  were 

ward,  but  baflled 

wever,  and  disap- 

it  of  a  hero,  was 

d  from  Syrucuso 

of  Coron  on  the 

|d  witli  intelligence 

before,  steering  to 

accordingly,  with 

f  Egypt.     On  tho 

cy  cnine  in  sight 

solitary  when  they 

lid  they  perceived, 

ig  upon  the  walls. 

Zealous,  made  the 

arrived  at  Alex- 

ng  able  to  enter  the 

loorcd  his  ships  in 

r  battle.     The  plan 

r-as  to  keep  entirely 

ion  his  ships,  ns  far 

lother  on  the  outer 

ilcd  by  a  shower  of 
md,  and  the  enemy 
of  their  whole  lino, 
ws  of  the  van  ships. 
•d  every  ship  were 
tending  the  braces, 
'oiey  led  the  way  in 
r  some  minutes  dis- 
long  conceived  that 
I  with  the  land,  the 
them  and  the  shore, 
}t  likely  to  be  man 
lierefore,  to  fix  him- 
>t  as  near  the  edge 
)ut.hi8  anchor  hung, 
icond  ship,  the  Con- 
by  the  stern,  inside 
ast.  Hood,  in  the 
I  the  Goliah  intend- 
Churrier  in  twelv* 
nenny's  van  wm  the 
ard  of  the  Zealoue, 
re'on  the'dwrrifr; 


then  pudng  inside  the  Goliah,  snnk  a  fngate  which  anaojred  her* 
hauled  round  towards  the  French  line,  and  anchoring  inside,  be- 
twon  the  tifth  and  sixth  ships  from  the  Ouerrier,  took  her  statioa 
on  the  larboard  bow  of  the  Franklin  and  the  quarter  of  the  PeupU 
Souverain,  receiving  and  leturning  the  fire  of  both.  The  sun 
was  now  nearly  down.  The  Audacious,  Captain  Gould,  pourio|| 
a  heavy  fire  into  the  Ouerrier  and  the  Conquerant,  fixed  herselt 
on  the  larboard  bow  of  the  latter,  and  when  that  ship  struck,  pa»> 
sed  on  to  the  Peuple  Souverain.  The  Theseus,  Captain  Miller, 
followed,  brought  down  the  Guerrier'a  remaining  mam  and  mizen 
masts,  then  anchored  inside  of  the  SparliaU,  the  third  in  the 
French  line.  While  these  advanced  ships  doubled  the  French 
line,  the  Vanguard  was  the  first  that  anchored  on  the  outer  side 
of  the  enemy,  within  half-pistol-shot  of  their  third  ship,  the  Sparti- 
ate.  Nelson  veered  half  a  cable,  and  instantly  opened  a  tremen- 
dous fire ;  under  cover  of  which  the  other  four  ships  of  his  division, 
the  Minotaur,  Bellerophon,  Defence,  and  Majestic,  sailed  on 
ahead  of  the  admiral.  In  a  few  minutes  every  man  stationed  at 
the  first  six  guns  in  the  fore  part  of  the  Vanguard's  deck  wae 
killed  or  wounded :  these  guns  were  three  times  cleared.  Captain 
Louis,  in  the  Minotaur,  anchored  next  ahead,  and  took  off  the  fire 
of  the  Jtmalon,  the  fourth  in  the  enemy's  line.  The  Bellerophon, 
Captain  Darby,  passed  ahead,  and  dropped  his  stern  anchor  on 
the  starboard  bow  of  the  Orient,  seventh  in  the  line,  Bruey's  owe 
ship,  of  one  hundred  and  twenty  guns,  whose  difference  of  force 
was  in  proportion  of  more  than  seven  to  three,  and  whose  weight 
of  ball,  from  the  lower  deck  alone,  exceeded  that  from  the  whole 
broadside  of  the  Bellerophon.  Captain  Peyton,  in  the  Defence, 
took  his  station  ahead  of  the  Minotaur,  and  engaged  the  FrankKH, 
the  sixth  in  the  line ;  by  which'  judicious  movement  the  British  line 
remained  unbroken.  The  Majestic,  Captain  Westcot,  sot  en- 
tangled with  the  main  rising  of  one  of  the  French  ahipe 
astern  of  the  Orient,  and  sufl^red  dreadfully  from  that  three-deck* 
er's  fire:  but  she  swung  clear,  and  closely  engaging  the  Heureux, 
the  ninth  ship  on  the  starboard  bow,  received  also  the  fire  of  the 
TonnanI,  which  was  the  eighth  in  the  line.  The  other  four  shipe 
of  the  British  squadron,  having  been  detached  previous  to  the  dis- 
covery of  the  French,  were  at  a  considerable  distance  when  the 
action  began.  It  commenced  at  half  after  six ;  about  seven,  nisbt 
closed,  and  there  was  no  other  light  than  that  from  the  fire  of  the 
contending  fleets.  The  first  two  ships  of  the  French  line  had 
been  dismasted  within  a  quarter  of  an  hour  after  the  commence- 
ment of  tho  action;  and  the  others  had  in  that  time  suffered  ao 
severely,  that  victory  was  already  certain.  The  third,  fourth,  and 
fifth  were  taken  possession  of  at  half  past  eight.  Meantime,  Nel- 
son received  a  severe  wound  on  the  head  from  a  piece  of  langridge 
^ot.  When  he  was  carried  down  into  the  cockpit,  the  surgeon, 
-with  a  natural  and  pardonable  eagerness,  quitted  the  poor  fellow 


•HWIiBMilWIHM 


lii 


mm 


„atmmmmm 


Mar 


am 


inuoR. 


could  now  be  perceivea,  mio  w  j^      shock 

guishable.  About  ten  °  «  <^j^„i^  Vj^,y  JLef.  Thistremen- 
Ihich  was  felt  to  ^^e  very  bottom  of  eve^^^^^^^^  ^j^^^^ 

dou.  exploBionwM  followed  ^I'/'^T  Je  Englwh  boats, 
wventy  of  the  Onefs  crew  «"«  ";«°/y  ^y,^  British  loss,  in 
Four  f-rench  vewels  were  dl  that  "^aped.     i  n  ^  g^^ 

killed  and  wounded,  amounted  to  eight  hunorea  j^^. 

Three  thousand  «««  ^u-idred  and  five  oMhe  r  ^    ^^^j 

Uie  wounded,  were  sent  on  8ho'«  »X  ''"kelson  wa«  now  at  tho 
two  hundred  and  »*«"»>-«';;  r^.'^^^eward  and  honors  were 
summit   of  8»«7-^\""rtf  7^^^^  ,„d  powers  to 

showered  u|)on  him  by  all  »««»;"'"  ',     Enaland  he  was  created 

^'°'"  'S  tn ?f  fhTNuJTnd  a  pl"nsSTf 2000  per.  annum 
Baron  Nelson  of  i**®  ^"S  ^j "    J^jmniediate  successors  award- 

ft«er.     For  .JeMeen  ^o""  h»  ''f'J-J /YrrDecembe,  1198 

rtorm  arose  than  Ne_^8on  had  ever  encoujtere        ^^^^^^  .^ 
royal  family  were  landed  at  P-J^^g^^^^^  ^^^  Territories. 

ifeg^lSM 

Sro^  w^'toiIl^S^  ;-^«^^^^  -^-- 

"l^S^Nelson  who  Had  teen  made  vice-admiraloftheblue 

Parker.  The  fleet  shiled  on  »»«  »««"'  °'  the  Invincible,  seventy- 
arrived  in  the  sound.  One  f  the  A'^Vwm  comTng  oit  of  Yar- 
four.  was  wrecked  on  a  sand-bank,  .*»»he  was  ?°™»'»jj  ,  i,^ 

cleared  for  action.    The  signa  ^•■."■"'' ~~   qn,.  gound  being 
to  order  of  battle;  Nelson'.  diVMion  mthe  van.    The  »oui»o  oeiu. 


r 


Bi^d  the  admiral 

'  brave  fellows.* 

loard  (he  Orient. 

ship.     By  the 

I  of  the  two  fleets 

bg  clearly  distin- 

,  with  a  shock 

This  tremen- 

I  awful.     About 

English  boats. 

le  British  loss,  ia 

and  ninety-five. 

■"rench,  including 

nd  five  thousand 

I  was  now  nt  the 

and   honors  were 

;es,  and  powers  to 

'  he  was  created 

£3000  per.  annum 

successors  award- 

es  forward,  undef 

iH.  in  th^  Zealous. 

cmene,  Zealou 

he  seventeenth  day 

he  was  seized  with 

laired  of.     On  the 

t  of  December  1798 

whole  royal  family, 

lem  safely,  through 

t  day  a  more  violent 

.     On  the  26th,  the 

I  assisted  in  expel- 

Eloman  Territories. 

B  of  NeUon— evinc- 

>m  and  domain  of 

soon  after  arrived 

idmiral  of  the  blue, 
d,  under  Sir  Hyde 
h;  and  on  the3l8t, 
Invincible,  seventy- 
coming  out  of  Yar^ 
her.  Nelson,  who 
lag  to  the  Elephant, 
s  soon  as  the  wind 
9tb,  the  ships  were 
I  the  fleet  moved  on 
The  Sou^d  being 


muMS 


aoi 


the  only  fVequented  entrance  to  the  Baltic,  the  great  Mediterraf 
nean  of  the  North,  few  parts  of  the  sea  display  so  frequent  • 
navigation.  Never  had  so  splendid  a  scene  been  exhibited  there 
as  on  this  day,  when  the  British  fleet  prepared  to  force  that  pas- 
sage, where,  till  now,  all  ships  had  lowered  their  topsails  to  the 
flag  of  Denmark.  The  whole  force  consisted  of  fifty-one  sail  of 
various  descriptions;  of  which  sixteen  were  of  the  line.  As  soon 
as  the  Monarch,  which  was  the  leading  ship,  came  abreast  of  the 
Danish  batteries,  a  fire  was  opened  from  about  a  hundred  pieces 
of  cannon  and  mortars,  but  the  shot  fell  full  a  cable's  length 
short  of  its  destined  aim.  The  whole  fleet  passed  and  anchored 
between  the  island  of  Huen  and  Copenhagen.  On  the  1st  of 
April,  1801,  the  fleet  removed  to  an  anchorage  within  two  leagues 
of  the  town.  At  five  minutes  after  ten,  the  next  morning,  the 
action  began.  The  first  half  of  the  fleet  was  engaged  in  about 
half  an  hour;  and,  by  half  past  eleven,  the  battle  became  general. 
The  plan  of  attack  had  been  complete :  but  seldom  has  any  plan 
been  more  disconcerted  by  untoward  accidents.  Of  twelve  ships 
of  the  line,  one  was  entirely  uselens,  and  two  others  in  a  situation 
where  they  could  not  render  half  the  service  which  was  required 
of  them.  The  action  continued  along  the  line  with  unabated 
vigor,  and  with  the  most  determined  resolution  on  the  part  of 
the  Danes.  Between  one  s(iid  two,  the  fire  of  the  Danes  slack- 
ened ;  about  two  it  ceased  from  the  sreater  part  of  their  line,  and 
some  of  their  lighter  ships  were  adrift.  By  half  past  two  the 
action  had  ceased  along  that  part  of  the  line  which  was  astern  of 
the  Elephant,  but  not  with  the  ships  ahead  and  the  Crown  Batte- 
ries, which  continued  for  some  time  longer — It  was  a  murderous 
action.  The  British  fleet  lost  nine  hundred  and  fifty-three,  in 
killed  and  wounded.  The  loss  of  the  Danes,  including  prisoners, 
amounted  to  about  six  thousand.  Nelson  bore  willing  testimony 
to  the  valor  of  his  foes.  "  The  French,"  he  said, "  fought  bravely; 
but  they  could  not  have  stood  for  one  hour  the  fight  which  the 
Danes  had  supported  for  four."  Six  line-of-battle  ships  and  eight 
prames  had  been  taken.  For  the  battle  of  Copenhagen,  Nelson 
was  raised  to  the  rank  of  viscount.  He  remained  on  the  coost 
of  Zealand,  till  despatches  arrived  from  home,  on  the  5th  of  May, 
recalling  Sir  Hyde,  and  appointing  Nelson  commander-in-chief. 
Nelson  visited  some  of  the  Russian  ports,  and  then  returned  to 
England.  He  had  not  been  many  weeks  oh  shore  before  lie  was 
called  upon  to  undertake  a  service,  to  watch  the  preparations 
which  Buonaparte  was  making  on  a  great  scale  for  the  invasion 
of  England.  Having  hoisted  nis  flag  in  the  Medusa  frigate,  he 
went  to  reconnoitre  Boulogne,  and  made  an  unsuccessful  attempt 
upon  the  flotilla,  at  that  place.  Atler  which,  he  returned  to  Eng- 
land, and  retireid  to  his  house  at  Merton,  in  Surrey,  which  M 
called  his  place  of  residence  and  rest 
War  was  soon  renewed,  and  Nelson  departed  to  take  the  cooh 

as 


iWiiiiiHiiiii 


la/ 


909 


KSU09. 


ii    »     u#»  took  his  »tationimmed»«Uly 
off  Toii™;  ••?  "'™;;,"'  w«b«"««"'^fJ'"''       .hi  Toulcm 

mmssmm 


^eiwi'i  '—  -  —    .      igjj,  of  January,  u;«"—  -    T^.i-on  beat 


ae"t«  were  then  at  M«tin.que     On  the^  ^^  ,eeward  of 

ttl'd;  and  there  le^^^^^ 

in  sight  ol  Capo  St.  v  m       .^^^  ^^„  .ays  he,     J^«™  ^^^^  ^yt 
to  bur  >>;•  ""Jj  JJJi,ea  off  Cidii  on  ""^A"  ,  ,im,  milel 


on  immeditUly 
waited  Tor  the 
d  England  was 
xy,  the  Touliin 
lem,  put  to  tea. 
I  when,  at  thieo 
[ve  and  Seahorae 
Nelson  beat 
,  in  his  pursuit, 
ihe  fleet  nad  re- 
jp  night  or  day. 
ews'that  Villen- 
even  ships  of  the 
seen, they  were 
re  days,  a  neutral 
een  off  Cape  de 
led  that  they  had 
illuwing.     Nelson 
)ani8h  and  French 
y  15th,  he  made 
s,  where  he  found 
en  from  St.  Lucia 
1  that  Tobago  and 
that  the  combined 
'^elson  arrived  off 
issed  to  leeward  of 
ward  bound  convoy, 
ved,  and  for  Europe 
rth  of  July  he  came 
Gibral:ar  where  he 
,e,  "I  went  on  shore 
iring  hail  my  foot  out 
B."    On  the  15th  of 
lant.     No  news  had 
same  evening  he  re- 
id  Superb,  to  Ports- 
found  news  of  the 
len  in  with  them  on 
hours,  captured  an 

rhich  were  willingly 

own  officers.     Ln- 

ships  which  he  had 

vhich  was  once  more 

morning  he  reached 

29th  of  September 

me  fifty  or  sixty  milei 

rV    There  waa  now 


ifsuoir. 

eTenr  indieation  that  the  enemy  would  speedily  Tentare  out.  On 
the  9th  of  October,  Nelson  sent  Collinswood  his  plan  of  attack. 
The  order  of  sailing  was  to  be  the  order  ot'  battle:  the  fleet  in 
two  lines,  with  an  advanced  squadron  of  eight  of  the  fastest  saiU 
ing  two-dockers.  The  second  in  command,  having  the  entire 
direction  of  bis  line,  was  to  break  through  the  enemy,  about  the 
twelfth  ship  from  their  rear:  he  would  lead  through  the  centre, 
and  the  advanced  squadron  was  to  cut  off  three  or  four  ahead  of 
the  centre.  One  of  the  last  orders  of  this  admirable  man  was, 
that  the  name  and  family  of  every  officer,  seaman,  and  marine, 
who  might  be  killed  or  wounded  in  action,  should  be  as  soon  aa 
possible  returned  to  him,  in  order  to  be  transmitted  to  the  chair- 
man of  the  patriotic  fund,  that  the  case  might  be  taken  into  con- 
sideration, for  the  benefit  of  the  sufferer  or  his  family. 

About  two  in  the  afternoon  of  the  19th,  the  repeating  ships 
announced,  that  the  enemy  were  at  oea.  At  daybreak  on  the 
next  day  the  combined  fleets  were  distinctly  seen  from  the  Victo- 
ry's deck,  formed  in  a- close  line  of  battle  ahead,  on  the  starboard 
tack,  about  twelve  miles  to  leeward,  and  standing  to  the  south. 
Nelson's  fleet  consisted  of  twenty-seven  sail  of  the  line,  and  four 
frigates;  theirs  of  thirty-three,  and  seven  large  frigates.  Their 
superiority  was  sreater  in  size,  and  weight  of  metal,  than  in 
numbers.  They  nad  four  thousand  troops  on  board ;  and  the  best 
riflemen  who  could  be  procured.  On  the  31st  of  October,'  soon 
after  daylight,  Nelson  came  upon  deck.  Tlie  wind  was  now 
iVom  the  west,  light  breezes,  with  a  long  heavy  swell.  Signal 
was  made  to  bear  down  upon  the  enemy  in  two  lines;  and  the 
fleet  set  all  sail.  Collingwood,  in  tho  Royal  Sovereign,  led  the 
lee  line  of  thirteen  ships;  the  Victory  led  the  weather  line  of 
fourteen.  Having  seen  that  all  was  as  it  should  be,  Nelson  re- 
tired to  his  cabin,  and  wrote  the  following  prayer:  "  May  ther 
great  God,  whom  I  worship,  grant  to  my  country,  and  for  the 
benefit  of  Europe  in  general,  a  great  and  glorious  victory,  and 
nay  no  misconduct  in  any  one  tarnish  it;  and  may  humanity  after 
victory  be  the  predominant  feature  in  the  British  fleet!  For  my- 
■elf,  individually,  I  commit  my  life  to  Him  that  made  me ;  and 
may  his  blessing  alight  on  my  endeavors  for  serving  my  countij 
faithfully!  To  him  I  resign  myself,  and  the  just  cause  which  is 
intrusted  to  me  to  defend.  Amen,  Amen,  Amen."  About  six, 
he  appeared  to  be  in  good  spirits,  but  very  calm,  with  his  whole 
attention  fixed  on  the  enemy.  They  tacked  to  the  northward, 
and  formed  their  line  on  the  larboard  tack,  thus  bringing  the 
shoals  of  Trafalgar  and  St.  Pedro  under  the  lee  of  the  British, 
and  keeping  the  port  of  Cadiz  open  for  themselves.  This  was 
judiciously  done:  and  Nelson,  aware  of  all  the  advuntages  which 
It  gave  them,  made  sisnal  to  prepare  to  anchor.  Villeneuve  was 
a  skilful  seaman.  Gus  plan  of  defence  waa  as  well  conceived, 
•nd  aa  original  as  the  plan  of  attack.     He  formed  the  fle^t  in  • 


MSMlilMllifi 


904 


tniMtm. 


L 


double  line,  every  alternate  thip  being  about  a  cable'i  length  to 
«indward  of  her  second  ahead  and  astern. 

Nelson's  last  signal  was  now  made: — "  Exgland  expects 
■TEKT  MAN  TO  DO  Hik  dutt!"  He  woro  that  day,  as  usual,  \>n 
admiral's  frock,  bearins  on  the  left  breast  four  stars,  of  the  dif- 
ferent orders  with  which  he  was  invested.  It  was  known  that 
there  were  riflemen  on  board  the  French  ships;  and  it  could  not 
be  doubted  but  that  his  life  would  be  particularly  aimed  at.  This 
was  a  point  upon  which  Nelson's  oflicers  knew  that  it  was  hope- 
less to  remonstrate  or  reason  with  him;  but  Blackwood,  and  his 
own  captain  Hardy,  represented  to  him  how  advantageous  to  the 
fleet  it  would  be  for  him  to  keep  out  of  action  as  long  as  possible; 
and  he  consented  at  last  to  let  the  Leviathan  and  the  Temerairo, 
which  were  sailing  abreast  of  the  Victory,  bo  ordered  to  pass 
ahead.  Yet  even  here  the  last  infirmity  of  this  noble  mind  was 
indulged,  for  these  ^Iiips  could  not  pass  ahead  of  the  Victory  who 
continued  t  >  curry  all  her  sail;  and  so  far  was  Nelson  from 
shortening  sail,  that  it  was  evident  he  took  pleasure  in  pressing 
on,  and  rendering  it  impossible  for  them  to  obey  his  own  orders. 
The  French  admiral,  on  beholding  Nelson  and  Collingwood  each 
leading  his  line,  is  said  to  have  exclaimed,  pointing  them  out  to 
bis  oflicers,  that  such  conduct  could  not  fail  to  be  successful. 

At  ten  minutes  before  twelve  the  action  commenced.  Eight  or 
nine  of  the  sliips  immediately  ahead  of  the  Victory,  and  across 
her  bows,  fired  single  guns  at  her,  to  ascertain  whether  she  was 
yet  within  their  range.  Nelson's  column  wn  steered  about  two 
points  more  to  the  north  than  Collingwood 's,  in  order  to  cut  ofi" 
the  enemy's  escape  into  Cadiz:*  the  lee  line,  therefore,  was  first 
engaged.  The  Royal  Sovereign,  steered  right  for  the  centre  of 
the  enemy's  line,  cut  tnrough  it  astern  of  the  Santa  Anna,  three- 
decker,  and  engaged  her  at  the  muzzle  of  her  guns  on  the  star- 
board side.  The  enemy  continued  to  fire  a  gun  at  a  time  at  the 
Victory,  till  they  saw  that  a  shot  had  passed  through  her  main- 
top-galiant-sail;  then  they  opened  their  broadsides,  aiming  chiefly 
■t  hnr  risging.  The  enemy  showed  no  colors  till  late  in  the 
action.  For  this  reason,  the  Santissima  Trinidad,  was  distinguish- 
ed only  by  her  four  decks;  and  to  the  bow  of  this  opponent  he 
ordered  the  Victory  to  be  steered.  Meantime  an  incessant  rak- 
ing fire  was  kept  up  upon  the  Victory.  The  Admiral's  secretary 
was  one  of  the  first  who  fell.  Presently  a  double-headed  shot 
struck  a  party  of  marines,  who  were  drawn  up  on  the  poop,  and 
killed  eight  of  them.  A  few  minutes  afterwards  a  shot  struck  the 
fore  brace  bits  on  the  quarter  deck,  and  passed  between  Nelson 
and  Hardy,  a  splinter  from  the  bit  tearing  oiT  Hardy'a  buckle 
and  bruising  his  foot.  Nelson  then  smiled,  and  said,  "  This  is 
too  warm  work.  Hardy,  to  last  long." 

The  Victory  had  not  yet  returned  a  single  gun;  fifty  of  her 
■MD  had  been  by  this  time  killed  or  woiindMl,  apd  b^r  inpin-U>p* 


mmmnmiM 


iiHiiiii jiiiijiniiiiiililii 


HBLMHf. 


pable'i  length  to 

rrCLAtTD     EXPECTS 

ay,  as  usual,  I.m 
stars,  of  the  dif- 
waa  known  that 
;  and  it  could  not 
|y  aimed  at.    This 
that  it  was  hope- 
llackwood,  and  his 
dvantageous  to  the 
a  long  as  possible ; 
md  the  Temerairc, 
0  ordered  to  pass 
is  noble  mind  was 
of  the  Victory  who 
was  Nelson  from 
easure  in  pressing 
>ey  his  own  orders, 
d  Collingwood  each 
ointing  them  out  to 
>  be  successful, 
nmenced.    Eight  or 
Victory,  and  across 
lin  whether  she  was 
A  steered  about  two 
s,  in  order  to  cut  off 
,  therefore,  was  first 
;ht  for  the  centre  of 
3  Santa  Anna,  three- 
lier  guns  on  the  star- 
gun  at  a  time  at  the 
1  through  her  main- 
isides,  aiming  chiefly 
Diors  till  late  in  the 
dad,  was  distinguish- 
of  this  opponent  he 
ne  an  incessant  rak- 
Admiral's  secretary 
double-headed  shot 
up  on  the  poop,  and 
Tds  a  shot  struck  the 
ssed  between  Nelson 
off  Hardy's  buckle 
,  and  said,  "  This  is 

le  gun;  fifty  of  her 
t,  iiqd  b^r  infMnHop* 


mast  with  all  her  atudding-sails  and  her  booms,  shot  away.  At 
four  minutes  after  twelve,  she  opened  her  fire  from  both  sides  of 
her  deck.  The  master  was  ordered  to  put  the  helm  to  port,  and 
she  ran  on  board  the  Redoubtable,  just  as  her  tiller  ropes  were 
shot  away.  The  French  ship  received  her  with  a  broadside; 
then  instantly  let  down  her  lower-deck  ports,  for  fear  of  being 
boarded  through  them,  and  never  afterward  fired  a  great  gun 
during  the  action.  Her  tops,  like  those  of  all  the  enemy's  ships, 
were  tilled  with  riflemen.  Captain  Harvey,  in  the  Tlm^raire, 
fell  on  board  the  Redoubtable  on  the  other  side.  Another  enemy 
was  in  like  manner  on  board  the  Temdraire;  so  that  these  four 
ships  formed  as  compact  a  tier  as  if  they  had  been  moored 
together,  their  heads  lying  all  the  same  way.  The  lieutenants 
01  the  Victory,  seeing  this,  depressed  their  guns  of  the  middle 
and  lower  decks,  and  tired  with  a  diminished  charge,  lest  the  shot 
should  pass  through,  and  injure  the  Temerairc.  An  incessant 
fire  was  kept  up  from  the  V^ictory  from  both  sides;  her  larboard 
guns  playing  upon  the  Bucentaur  and  the  huge  Santissimil  Trin- 
idad. 

It  had  been  part  of  Nelson's  prayer,  that  the  British  fleet 
might  be  distinguished  by  humanity  in  the  victory  he  expected. 
He  twice  gave  orders  to  cease  tiring  upon  the  Redoubtable,  sup- 
posing that  she  had  struck,  ji'rom  this  ship,  which  he  had  thus 
twice  spared,  he  received  his  death.  A  ball  fired  from  her 
mizen-top,  which,  in  the  then  situation  of  the  two  vessels,  was 
not  more  than  fifteen  yards  from  that  part  of  the  deck  where  he 
was  standing,  struck  the  epualette  on  his  left  shoulder,  about  a 

!|uarter  after  one,  just  in  the  heat  of  the  action.  He  fell  upon  his 
ace,  on  the  spot  which  was  covered  with  his  poor  secretary's 
blood.  He  was  taken  down  into  the  cockpit,  and  it  was  perceiv- 
ed, upon  examination,  that  the  wound  was  mortal.  This,  how- 
ever, was  concealed  from  all,  except  Captain  Hardy,  the  chaplain, 
and  the  medical  attendants.  All  that  could  be  done  was  to  fan 
him  with  paper,  and  frequently  tu  give  him  lemonade  to  alleviate 
his  intense  thirst.  He  was  in  great  pain,  and  expressed  much 
anxiety  for  the  event  of  the  action,  which  now  began  to  declare 
itself.  As  oft^n  as  a  ship  struck,  the  crew  of  the  Victory  huzza- 
ed, and  a{  every  huzza,  a  visible  expression  of  joy  gleamed  in  the 
eyes,  and  marked  the  countenance  of  the  dying  hero.  Nelson 
desired  to  be  turned  on  his  right  side,  when  his  articulation 
became  difficult,  but  he  was  distinctly  heard  to  say,  "Thank 
God,  I  have  done  my  duty."  These  words  he  repeatedly  pro- 
nounced: and  they  were  the  last  words  which  he  uttered.  He 
expired  at  thirty  minutes  after  four,  three  hours  and  a  quarter 
after  he  had  received  his  wound.  "The  man  who  had  given  the 
fatol  wound,  was  recognised,  and  did  not  live  to  boast  of  what  ha 
bad  done.  When  the  Redoubtable  was  taken  possession  of,  be 
was  feaod  dead  in  the  misen  top,  with  one  ball  through  his  bead, 

86» 


Esaas 


908 


CASABIAirtiA. 


and  another  through  his  breast.  The  Spaniards  began  the  battle 
with  less  vivacity  than  their  unworthy  allies,  but  they  continued 
it  with  greater  firmness.  Once,  amid  his  sufferings,  Nelson  had 
expressed  a  wish  that  be  were  dead;  but  immediately  the  spirit 
subdued  the  pains  of  death,  and  he  wished  to  live  a  little  longer; — 
doubtless  that  he  might  hear  the  completion  of  the  victory  which 
he  had  seen  so  gloriously  begun.  That  consolation — that  joy — 
that  triumph  was  afforded  him.  He  lived  to  know  that  the  victory 
was  decisive;  and  the  last  guns  which  were  fired  at  the  flying 
enemy  were  heard  a  minute  or  two  before  he  expired.  The  ships 
which  were  thus  flyins  were  four  of  the  enemy's  van,  all  French, 
under  Rear-Admiral  Dumanoir,  who  were  afterwards  captured  by 
Sir  Richard  Strachan. 

The  total  British  loss  in  the  Battio  of  Trafalgar  amounted  to 
one  thousand  five  hundred  and  eighty-seven.  Twenty  of  the 
enemy  struck;  but  it  was  not  possible  to  anchor  the  fleet,  as 
Nelson  had  enjoined ;  a  gale  came  ca  from  the  south-west ;  some 
of  the  prizes  went  down,  some  went  on  shore;  one  effected  its 
escape  into  Cadiz;  others  were  destroyed;  four  only  were  saved 
and  these  by  the  greatest  exertions.  The  Spanish  vice-admiral 
Aluva,  died  of  his  wounds.  Villeneuve  was  sent  to  England,  and 
permitted  t3  return  to  France.  It  is  almost  superfluous  to  add, 
that  all  the  honors  which  a  grateful  country  could  bestow,  were 
heaped  upon  the  memory  of  Nelson.  A  public  funeral  was  de- 
creed and  a  public  monument.  The  leaden  coffin,  in  which  he 
was  carried  home,  was  cut  in  pieces,  which  were  distributed  as 
relic*  of  Saiat  Nelson, — so  the  gunner  of  the  Victory  called 
them; — and  when,  at  his  interment,  his  flag  was  about  to  be 
lowered  into  the  grave,  the  sailors,  who  assisted  at  the  ceremony, 
with  one  accord  rent  it  in  pieces,  that  each  might  preserve  a 
fragment  while  he  lived.  Tnere  was  reason  to  suppose,  from  the 
appearances  upon  opening  the  body,  that,  in  the  course  of  nature, 
be  might  have  attained,  like  his  father.,  to  a  good  old  age.  Yet 
he  cannot  be  sad  to  have  fallen  prematurely,  whose  work  was 
done;  nor  ought  he  to  be  lamented,  who  died  ao  full  of  honors, 
and  at  the  height  of  human  fame. 


CASABIANCA.* 

The  boy  stood  on  the  bnminff  deck, 
Whence  all  but  him  had  Red ; 

The  flame  that  lit  tlie  baUle'a  wreok, 
Shone  ronnd  him  o'er  the  dead. 


•  Voan*  CaMblanea,  a  boy  ■boiii  ihtrtasn  r*«rt  uld,  ion  to  tka  atf  mlial  of  ilw  Orient,  ramain- 
ad  M  hi*  ptMt  (In  Ilia  batti*  of  Um  NUa,)  alter  Ibf  (hip  had  Ukan  flra,  and  all  the fuai  tiad 
keen  abaadooad  i  aad  parlatfed  In  Um  eaptealoa  oftlie  vaaaal,  when  tfca  OaoiM  h»tn»cit»4 


began  the  battle 
I  they  continued 
1128,  NelBon  had 
diately  the  spirit 
a  little  longer;-— 
he  victory  which 
ition— that  joy— 
w  that  the  victory 
red  at  the  flying 
pired.    Theshipa 
rvan.  all  French, 
wards  captured  by 

Jgar  amounted  to 

Twenty  of  the 

chor  the   fleet,  as 

south-west;  some 
b;  one  efi-ected  its 
,r  only  were  saved 
,anish  vice-admiral 
ent  to  England,  and 
superfluous  to  add, 
could  bestow,  were 
,lic  funeral  was  de- 

cofnn,  in  which  be 
were  distributed  as 

the  Victory  called 
Bs  was  about  to  be 
ted  at  the  ceremony. 
:h  might  pr«?e'**  * 
I  to  suppose,  from  the 
the  course  of  natiue, 

good  old  age.  Yet 
,ly.  whose  work  waa 
oS  to  full  of  honow, 


Tet  teantiftil  tnd  bright  he  •tood, 

At  bom  to  rule  the  •torm ; 
A  creature  of  heroic  blood, 

A  proud,  though  childlike  form. 

The  flunee  rolled  on-he  would  mtgoi 

Without  hie  fether'e  w«»o.! 
That  father,  flunt  in  death  beU»w, 

Uis  voice  no  longer  heart. 

Be  cdled  aloud-:"  Say,  «hw,  say 
H]&^l^"t£"cWuinU, 
Unconscious  of  hia  son. 

"  Speak,  ftther !"  once  agatohe  eiied, 

.Sl«TL'^*^'*mgr;:hou«piied, 

And  tnsi  uie  flames  rolled  on. 

Upon  his  brow  he  felt  their  breath, 
And  in  his  waving  hair ;         .*  j-,th. 

And  looked  from  that  lone  post  of  datui, 
In  still,  yet  brave  despair. 

And  shouted  but  once  more  aloud, 
"  Mv  father !  must  I  stay  f     .,      .  .i.-,«mI 

WhUeVerhm.  fast,  through  sad  uiOMOi 
The  wreathing  fires  mada  way. 

Thev  wntpped  the  ship  In  splendor  wUd, 
They  caught  the  flsg  on  »'«"...,. 

And  streamed  above  Se  gaUant  child, 
Like  banners  in  the  sky. 

There  came  aburst  of  thunde/  Mund-    , 

The  boy— oh !  w.-.ere  was  he  ? 
-AAo/thewindstbattowouaJ, 

With  fragmenU  strewed  Uw  sea . 

With  fflMt,  and  helm,  and  pennon  to, 
That  we  1  had  borne  their  part-  - 

But^e  noblestthing  UjU  njnjhed  th«e, 
Wm  tliat  young  faithflU  hMrt. 


sm 


ok, 


0 


THE  CUMBERLAND  PACKET. 

In  th.  dreadful  hurricane  wh«\»-^,P^i«,%«*,^;^^^^^^^^  Z^ 
4th  of  September,  1804,  several  veaje  a  *|;«  J^'Vecaution  haS 
ethert.  the  Duke  <>fC«mberiand  Packet     livery  P  ^^^^j. 


"«F 


TW"Wj>Wy^<i».HI    I    !■ 


9» 


m  cmniauiq)  rACKiur. 


entertained  of  riding  out  the  gale,  when  several  of  the  crow  were 
ao  indiscreet,  as  to  quit  the  deck  for  some  refreshment;  no  sooner 
had  they  sat  down,  than  a  loud  groan  from  the  rest  of  the  crew 
■ummoued  them  on  dock.  The  captain  ran  forward,  and  exclaim- 
ed, "Ail's  now  over:  Lord  God  have  mercy  upon  usP'  The 
cable  had  parted ;  the  ship  hung  about  two  minutes  by  the  stream 
and  kedge,  and  then  began  to  drive  broadside  on.  At  this  mo- 
ment the  seamen,  torn  by  despair,  seemed  for  a  moment  to  forget 
themselves;  lamentations  for  their  homes,  their  wives,  and  their 
children,  resounded  through  the  ship.  '  Every  man  clung  to  a 
rope,  and  determined  to  stick  to  it  as  long  as  the  ship  remained 
entire.  For  an  hour  they  drifted  on,  without  knowing  whither,  the 
men  continued  to  hold  fast  by  the  rigging  while  their  bodies  wire 
beaten  by  the  heaviest  rain,  and  lashed  by  every  wave.  The 
most  dreadful  silence  prevailed.  Every  one  was  too  intent  on  bis 
own  approaching  end,  to  be  able  to  communicate  his  feelings 
to  another;  and  nothing  was  heard  but  the  howling  of  the  tempest. 
The  vessel  drove  towards  the  harbor  of  St.  John's,  and  two  alarm 
guns  were  fired,  in  order  that  the  garrison  might  be  spectators  of 
their  fate,  fur  it  was  in  vain  to  think  of  assistance.  They  soon 
drove  against  a  large  ship,  and  went  close  under  her  stern.  A 
faint  hope  now  appeared  of  being  stranded  on  a  sandy  beach;  and 
the  captain  therefore  ordered  the  carpenter  to  get  the  hatchets  all 
readyto  cut  away  the  mast^,  in  order  to  make  a  rad  for  those  who 
chose  to  venture  upon  it.  The  vessel  however  drove  with  e.\trMiM 
violence  on  some  rocks,  and  the  cracking  of  her  timbers  below 
was  distinctly  heard.  Every  hope  now  vanished,  and  the  oreif 
already  began  to  consider,  themselves  as  beings  of  another  world. 
In  order  to  ease  the  vessel,  and  if  possible  prevent  her  flrom 
parting,  the  micen-mast  was  aufllVred  to  remam,  to  steadjr^ 
vesNiS.  The  vessel  had  struck  about  two  o'clock,  and  in  htif 
an  hour  afterwards  the  water  was  up  to  the  lower  deck.  Kftvor 
waa  daylight  more  anxiously  wished  for,  tKan  by  the  crew  of  tkte 
vessel.  After  having  hung  so  Ions  by  the  shrouds,  they  were 
forced  tocling.three  hours  longer  belore  the  dawn  appeared.  The 
■ea  was  making  a  complete  breach  over  the  ship,  which  was  lay- 
injji^  on  her  beam  ends;  and  the  crew,  stiff  and  benumbed.  Could 
with  difficulty  hold  against  the  force  of  the  waves,  every  one  of 
which  struck  and  nearly  drowned  them. 

The  break  of  day  discovered  to  the  wretched  mariners  all  the 
horrors  of  their  situation;  the  vessel  was  lying  upOn  large  rocks, 
at  the  foot  of  a  craggy  overhanging  precipice,  twice  as  high  aa 
the  ship's  mainmast;  the  wind  and  rain  beat  upon  the  crew  with 
unabated  violence,  and  the  ship  lay  a  miserable  wreck.  The  first 
thoughts  of  the  crew  in  the  jnorning  were  naturally  directed  to 
the  possibility  of  saving  their  lives;  and  they  all  agreed,  that  their 
only  chance  of  doing  so,  was  by  means  of  the  mizeo>maat.  The 
tq;-9MHl  and  t^p-gallaatHmt  wtro  iMudMd  out,  Md  r«Mb«d 


■MJ^iP^i|iiriilj-fiiiiw'fal'*Tw'^''i'i'i^'|''>'"* 


If  the  crow  were 

lent ;  no  sooner 

[rest  of  the  crew 

(rd,  and  exclaim- 

ipon  usP'    The 

38  by  the  stream 

in.    At  this  mo- 

fmoment  to  forget 

wives,  and  their  . 

man  clung  to  a 

he  ship  remabed 

wing  whither,  the 

their  bodies  wire 

ivery  wave.    The 

s  too  intent  on  bis 

licate  his  feelings 

ing  of  the  tempest. 

n's,  and  two  alarm 

ht  be  spectators  of 

ance.     They  soon 

nder  her  stern.     A 

I  sandy  beach;  and 

get  the  hatchets  til 

a  rad  for  those  who 

I  drove  with  extreme 

'  hor  timbers  below 

shed,  and  theoreUT 

;s  of  another  world. 

e  prevent  her  flrom 

nam,  to  steady  tho 

» 'clock,  and  in  Mf 

lower  deck.    Never 

I  by  the  crew  of  tkit 

shrouds,   they  were 

fiwn  appeared.     The 

ship,  which  was  lay- 

ind  benumbed,  tould 

waves,  every  one  of 

:he4  mariners  all  the 
ng  upon  large  rocks, 
ce,  twice  as  high  aa 
t  upon  the  crew  with 
ble  wreck.  The  first 
naturally  directed  to 
'  all  agreed,  that  their 
tie  mizen-mast.  Tlio 
i«d  ont,  Md  rvMbM, 


fin  tfVHMktAirB  Mcttt. 


within  a  few  feet  of  the  rock.  An  attempt  was  made  by  one  of  the 
crew,  to  throw  a  rope  with  a  noose  to  the  top  of  the  rock;  but  in- 
stead of  holding  by  the  bushes,  it  brought  them  away^  '  Another 
seaman,  who  seemed  from  despair  to  have  imbibed  an  extraordi- 
nary degree  of  courage,  followed  the  first  man  out  on  the  mast, 
with  the  intention  of  throwing  himself  from  the  end  upon  the  mercy 
of  the  rock;  he  had  proceeded  to  the  extremity  of  the  top-gallant* 
mast,  and  was  on  the  point  of  leaping  among  the  bushes,  when 
the  pole  of  the  mast,  unable  to  sustain  his  weight,  gave  way,  and 
precipitated  him  into  the  bosom  of  the  waves,  from  a  height  of 
forty  feet.  Fortunately  he  had  carried  down  with  him  the  piece 
of  the  broken  mast,  and  instead  of  being  dashed  to  pieces,  as  wan 
expected,  he  kept  himself  above  water  until  he  was  hoisted  up 


'*"\\'"i>rC 


I  Cambtitand  I 


All  hOjiM  of  being  aaVed  by  the  mizen-maat  were  now  at  an  end; 
and  while  the  crew  were  meditating  in  sullen  silence  on  their  aitua- 
tioo,  Mr.  Doneaster,  the  chief  mate,  unknown  to  any  one,  went 
oat  on  the  bowsprit,  and  having  reached  the  end  of  the  jib-boom, 
threw  himself  headlong  into  the  water.  He  had  scarcely  fallen, 
#b«b  a  tremendous  wave  threw  him  upon  the  rock,  and  left  him 
dry;  there  he  remained  motionless,  until  a  second  wave  washed 
him  still  farther  up,  wirtn  clinging  to  some  roughness  in  the  cliflT, 
he  began  to  scramble  up  the  rook;  and  in  about  half  an  hour,  he 
with  infinite  difficulty  reached  the  summit  of  the  cliflT.  I'he  crew 
■Bxionsly  watched  every  step  he  took,  and  prayed  for  his  safetjr, 
eoukeious  that  their  own  prMervation  depended  solely  upon  it. 
Mr.  Doneaiter  immediately  wont  rouadj^hat  part  of  the  prtei- 
ptet  vmhm,  tht  tmmI.  ud  itMif«MlKthrown  firom  tbii  ttili' 


MMMMIiMiaMMlMH 


•10 


•AffiAor  »*wnaMMm»mL 


top,  which  be  flntened  to  ioim  trees.  By  meani  of  this  rope,  the 
whole  of  the  crew  were,  in  the  space  of  three  hours,  hoisted  to 
the  top  of  the  cliff. 

The  whole  of  the  ship's  company  having  assembled  on  the 
rock,  bent  their  steps  towards  town.  The  plain  before  them  had, 
in  consequence  of  the  heavy  rains,  become  almost-  impassable; 
but  after  wading  about  three  miles  through  fields  of  canes,  and 
oden  plunged  up  to  the  neck  in  water,  they  reached  St.  John's  in 
saftty ;  where  they  would  have  died  for  want  of  food  and  necessa- 
ries,  had  it  not  been  for  the  kind  offices  of  a  Mulatto  tailor,  who 
supplied  them  with  clothes,  beds,  and  provisions,  and  did  them 
other  kind  offices  of  humanity. 


CAPTAIN  D'ENTRECASTEAUX. 

Od  September  S8th,  1791,  in  the  two  sloops.  La  Recherche 
•nd  L'Esperance,  of  sixteen  guns,  and  one  hundred  and  ten  men 
each,  they  weighed  from  the  harbor  of  Brest,  completely  equip- 
ped for  a  voyage  of  circumnavigating  the  globe.  The  conduct 
oftbe  expedition  was  assigned  to  Captain  D'Entrecasteaux.  The 
leading  object  of  the  voyage  was  to  endeavor  to  procure  inteUl^ 

S'  oee  relative  to  Captain  La  Perouse,  who  had  lone  been  missing 
tbe.Sonth  Seas,  and  to  make  a  complete  tour  of  New  Hollano; 
an  iaHuMl,  by  far  the  largest  in  the  world;  comprehending  ■» 
immeoie  eircnit  of  at  least  three  thousand  (French)  lei^pieik 
The  •eeonmlishment  of  this  last  point  was  essential  to  the  history 
^^  l2*Si!!'H>"yt  end  what  had  not  eeen  effected  by  either  Cook  or 


The  6nt  pott  they  imde  was  Santa  Cras  in  Teneri8h{  they 
arrived  there  on  the  ITth  of  October,  and  having  taken  in  whiee 
•ad  provisions,  proceeded  on  their  route  to  the  Cape  of  Good 
Hope;  and  while  they  continood  there,  the  expedition  sustaiiMd  ■ 
conaiderable  misfortune  in  the  death  of  the  astronomer  Bertraad. 
Februanr  16th,  1799,  they  left  the  C»pt,  and  bore  away  for  tho 
island  of  New  Guinea,  some  parts  of  which  they  explored;  they 
reached  the  islands  Arsacides  on  July  the  9th,  and  New  IrelaM 
the  17th  ditto.  They  afterwards  made  for  Amboyna,  one  of  tbo 
Molucca  islands,  and  arrived  Sept.  6th. — October  llth,  they  left 
Amboyna,  and  sailed  immediately  for  the  west  part  of  New  HoW 
land.  December  Sd,  1793,  they  arrived  at  the  Cape,  which  is  at 
the  eonth-west  extremity  of  New  Holland,  and  sailed  aloty  tho 
aottthera  shore,  till  January  Sd,  havm^by  this  means  traeea  and 
Mcertaiatd  about  two-thirds  of  the  whole  extent  of  the  eouthera 
Om  tiM  llth  of  Maifh,  they  paaM  vary  aaar  tha  Jfeiili 


4- 


MMi 


t 


OATTAiif  s^trraMAaTiAn. 


811 


r  this  rope,  thn 
n,  hoisted  to 

mblftd  on  the 
ore  them  had, 
impauable; 
of  eanee,  and 
id  St.  John's  in 
d  and  necessa- 
tte  tailor,  who 
,  and  did  them 


IX. 

La  Recherehs 
Ired  aiid  ten  men 
impletely  equip- 
I.  The  conduet 
recasteaux.  The 
I  procure  inteUi« 
ong  been  roissiog 
orNewHollaodi 
>mprehending  Mi 
F'rench)  leuuee. 
itiat  to  the  history 
jr  either  Cook  or 

1  TeneiiAi  t^f 
ig  talten  in  white 
tn  Cape  of  Good 
dition  sustained  • 
inomer  Bertrud. 
lore  awajr  for  the 
tr  explored;  thejr 
ud  New  Ireliaa 
oyna,  one  of  the 
ter  llth,the7  left 
lart  of  New  HoW 
Cape,  which  is  it 
i  sailed  aloiw  the 
means  traced  MO 
t  of  the  eoulhera 
y  OMT  Um)  If  eilb 


cape  of  New  Zealand,  and  making  for  the  shore,  several  cana  rs 
came  along-side.  On  the  16th,  the/  discovered  two  little  islands, 
at  a  little  distance  from  each  other.  The  most  eastern  one  lies 
in  30  deg.  17  mia.  south  latitude,  and  in  179  degT  41  min.  east 
longitude. — On  the  17th,  discovered  an  island  about  five  leagues 
in  circumference,  conspicuous  by  its  elevated  situation.  It  lies 
in  39  deg.  3  min.  south  latitude,  and  in  179  deg.  64  min.  east 
longitude. — On  the  3d  of  March  they  saw  Ebona,  the  most  south 
westerly  of  the  Friendly  Islands.  The  next  day  anchored  at 
Tongataboo,  the  largest  of  tho  Friendly  Islandn.  Among  these 
islanders  they  frequently  met  with  men  six  feet  high,  their  limbs 
shaped  in  the  most  comely  proportion.  The  fertility  of  the  ooil, 
which  exempted  them  from  the  necessity  of  extreme  labor,  may 
conduce  not  a  little  to  the  unusual  perfection  of  their  forms. 
Their  features  have  a  strong  resemblance  to  those  of  Europeans. 
A  burning  sky  has  impressed  a  slight  discolor  on  their  skins. 
Those,  among  the  women,  who  are  but  little  exposed  to  the  rays 
of  the  «un,  are  sufficiently  fair.  Some  of  them  are  distinguished 
by  a  beautiful  carnation,  which  gives  a  vivacity  to  their  whole 
figure.  A  thousand  nameless  graces  are  visible  m  their  gestures, 
when  engaged  in  the  slightest  employments.  In  the  dance  their 
movements  are  enchanting. 

The  language  of  this  people  hears  an  analogy  with  the  gentle- 
ness of  their  manners;  it  is  well  adapted  to  music,  for  which  they 
hav  i  a  peculiar  taste.  Their  concerts  wherein  every  one  performs 
hif .  part,  demonstrate  the  just  ideas  which  they  entertain  of  har- 
yjony.  The  women,  as  well  as  the  men,  have  their  shoulders  and 
oreasts  naked.  A  cotton  cloth,  or  rather  a  piece  of  stuflT,  manu- 
factued  with  the  bark  of  mulberry-tree  into  paper  serves  them  for 
apparel.  It  forms  a  'beautiful  draperv,  reaching  from  a  little 
above  the  waist  down  to  the  feet.  These  islands  produce  ■ 
species  of  nutmegs,  which  diSers  very  littls  in  form  from  those 
of  the  Moluccas.  It  is  not,  however,  aromatic,  and  is  almost 
twice  as  large.  They  also  procured  the  bread-fruit  tree,  for  the 
purpose  of  transporting  it  into  the  West  India  Islands.  We 
must  not  confound  these  excellent  species  of  bread-fruit  tree  with 
the  wild  species  of  it  found  in  the  Moluccas,  and  observed  for  ■ 
Ion|  time  past  in  the  Isle  of  France.  In  this  second  sort  the 
grams  do  npt  miscarry,  while  in  the  good  fruit-tree  they  are  re> 
plaeed  by  a  food  truly  delicious,  when  baked  under  ashes  or  in 
the  oven.  In  other  respects  it  is  a  most  wholesome  viand,  afford- 
ing a  pleasant  repast  during  the  whole  time  of  their  continuance 
on  this  island,  and  for  which  they  willingly  relinouished  the 
■hip's  stock  of  baker's  bread.  .  The  Molucca  sort  proouces  thirty 
or  forty  email  fruits;  while  every  ti<)e  of  the  Friendly  Islands 
produces  three  or  four  hundred  extremely  large,  of  an  oval  form, 
the  creMest  dianMter  being  from  nine  to  ten  inches,  and  the 
(MMUMt  from  seTea  to  eight.    A  tree  would  be  oppressed  with 


|||lllll)'ll|llMII/^ll[l|i 


S«98S 


III  iiiiiiiii  -j^irT"  m  ■'■■ 


■-^ 


to 


GJOTAIH  D'ENTSSOASTSAOX. 


.  luch  an  enormous  load,  if  tho  fruit  were  to  ripen  all  at  once;  but 
■agacioua  nature  has  so  ordered  it,  that  the  fruit  succeed  each 
other,  during  eight  months  of  the  year,  thus  providing  the  natives 
with  a  food  equally  salubrious  and  plentiful.  Every  tree  occupies 
a  circular  space  of  about  thirty  feet  in  diameter.  A  single  acre 
occupied  by  this  vegetable  would  supply  the  wants  of  a  number  of 
families.  Nothing  in  nature  exhibits  a  similar  fecundity.  As  it 
produces  no  seeds,  it  has  a  wonderful  faculty  of  throwing  out 
suckerti;  and  its  roots  frequently  force  their  way  up  to  the  surface 
of  the  earth,  and  there  give  birth  to  fresh  plants.  It  thrives  ex- 
C4(|Mlingly  in  a  tropical  climate,  in  a  soil  somewhat  elevated  above 
the  level  of  the  sea;  and  suits  very  well  with  •  marly  soil,  in 
nrhich  a  mixture  of  argillaceous  clay  preponderates. 

They  quitted  the  Friendly  Islands  on  the  10th  of  April,  1793. 
April  15th  saw  Enouan,  the  most  eastern  of  the  islands  of  the 
Archipelago  of  the  Holy  Ghost,  and  afterwards  that  of  Anaton 
The  eruptions  of  the  volcano  of  Tana,  presented  in  the  night  a 
spectacle  truly  sublime.  April  27th,  steering  for  New  Cale- 
donia; in  a  night  darker  than  usual,  they  ran  among  some 
islands  surrounded  with  breakers,  not  noticed  till  then  by  navi- 
gators;  they  were  only  apprised  of  danger  by  an  uncommon 
circumstance;  the  flight  of  a  flock  of  sea-tbwl  over  their  heads 
about  three  in  the  morning.  This  indication  of  the  proximity  of 
land  induced  the  officer  upon,4liifch  to  slacken  sail,  and  lie-to,  at 
a  critical  juncture,  when  an  Irour's  more  sailing  must  have  dashed 
them  to  pieces  against  the  rocks.  These  new  discovered  islands 
lie  about  thirty  leagues  ditth-east  of  New  Caledonia,  where  they 
anchored  April  26tn. 

After  the  description  that  Cook  and  Forster  have  given  of  the 
inhabitants  of  New  Zealand,  they  expected  to  find  realized  the 
advantageous  portrait  given  of  them  by  those  celebrated  voyagers. 
They  bad  reason,  however,  partly  to  suspend  their  belief  of  those 
accounts,  when  they  afterwards  observed  a  number  of  human  bones, 
broiled,  which  the  savages  were  devouring,  eagerly  fastening  on 
the  smallest  tendinous  parts  which  adhere  to  them.  This  fact  at 
least  suffices  to  prove,  that  the  New  Zealandors  are  canMbais. 
They  often  attacked  their  boat;  but  the  good  countenance  exhibit- 
ed prevented  their  assailing  or  massacriiijg  any  of  their  companj. 
Notwithstanding  these  hostilities,  the  ship  was  every  day  visited 
by  numerous  bodies  of  the  islanders.  The  soil  being  every  where 
barren,  they  perceived  but  few  vestiges  of  any  laste  for  agricul- 
ture; still,  however,  they  observed  in  some  gardens  the  Colocasia, 
the  Caribbee  cabbage,  the  banana-tree,  and  tha  sugar-cane. 
The  barbarous  customs  of  the  natives  did  not  prevent  their  reite- 
rated excursions  into  the  interior  parts  of  the  country.  On  tbaae 
occasions  they  kept  together  to  the  number  of  twenty,  always 
wall  armed.  As  evening  came  on,  they  commonly  took  their  utm- 
tioDon  lomo  elevate'd  pott  ia  the  mouataiiis,  when  they  passed 


*a«aaK:- 


ill  at  once;  but 
t  succeed  each 
iing  the  natives 
ry  tree  occupies 
A  single  acre 
of  a  number  of 
cundity.  As  it 
>f  throwing  out 
ipto  the  surface 

It  thrives  ex- 
t  elevated  above 

marly  soil,  in 

of  April,  1793. 

B  islands  of  the 

that  of  Anatott 

I  in  the  night  a 
for  New  Cale- 

m  among  some 

II  then  by  navi- 
y  an  uncommon 
Dver  their  heads 
the  proximity  of 
ail,  and  lie-to,  at 
must  have  dashed 
iscovered  islands 
ionia,  where  they 

liave  given  of  the 
find  realized  the 
ebrated  voyagers, 
eir  belief  pC  those 
>r  of  human  bones, 
[eriy  fastening  on 
em.    This  fact  at 
Brs  are  cannibals, 
mtenance  e:dtibit- 
of  their  company, 
every  day  visited 
being  every  where 
tMte  for  agricuU 
lenstbeColocavia, 
I  th«  sugar-cane, 
prevent  their  reite- 
ountry.    Od  these 
of  twenty,  alwayt 
Doly  took  their  ktar 
nrhero  they  passed 


CATTAIV  o'BNTWCISTKAUZ  |)|| 

the  night  in  a  situation  which  protected  them  from  hostile  •«• 
saultsT   To  guard  against  surprise,  they  kept  watch  by  turn*. 

May  9th,  they  weighed  anchor,  and  sailed  before  the  wind  for 
the  north.  In  their  course,  observed  the  eastern  part  of  the  reeft 
and  islands,  the  western  side  of  which  they  saw  the  year  before. 
May  21  St,  were  close  on  the  island  of  St.  Croix,  and  sent  in  two 
boats  to  look  out  for  an  anchoring  place.  While  the  sailors  were 
employed  in  sounding,  one  of  the  natives,  at  the  distance  of  up- 
wards of  eighty  paces,  lanced  an  arrow,  which  slightly  wounded 
the  forehead  of  one  of  them.  A  vollepr  of  firearms,  however, 
soon  dispersed  the  group  of  canoes  which  had  surrounded  the 
boats,  and  froip  which  the  lance  proceeded.  Although  the  womd 
was  apparenyfyfts  inconsiderable,  it  was  attended  with  a  tetanus, 
which  prov^Wortal  to  the  unfortunate  sailor  after  only  eight 
days.  The  arrow  did  not  appear  to  have  been  poisoned,  as  it  is 
well  known  that  beasts  pierced  with  the  same  weapons  do  not  ex- 
perience any  fatal  sym|Aoms.  In  India,  it  is  no  uncommon  thing 
to  see  the  slightest  puncture  followed  by  a  spasm,  which  is  a  cer- 
tain forerunner  of  death. 

July  16th  and  17th,  they  saiFed  in  view  of  the  Anchoret  Islands 
of  Bougainville.  On  the  20th  they  lost  D'Entrecasteaux,  the 
captain.  .  He  died  of  convulsions,  every  fit  of  which  was  suc- 
ceeded by  a  speechless  stupor..  August  16th,  1793,  in  139 
deg.  14  min.  of  east  longitude,  and  so  near  the  equator,  that  they 
were  only  htiC  a  minute  to  tt«  south.  Here  the  inhabitants 
brought  very  large  sea-turtles,  the  soup  of  which  they  experienced 
to  be  a  salutary  remedy  for  the  scurvy,  which  was  now  prevalent 
among  them.  In  this  island  they  procured  a  number  of  interestiug 
objects,  and  quitted  it  August  the  29th,  and  sailed  for  Bouao, 
where  they  anchored  September  the  3d,  1793.  In  this  mountain- 
ous isle,  where  the  productions  of  nature  are  extremely  varied, 
thev  had  a  favorable  opportunity  of  continuing,  their  botanicd 
researches,  &.c.  Here  teveraJ  of  the  men  died  of  a  contagious 
bilious  dysentery,  contracted  in  the  low  marshy  grounds  of  the 
country. 

October  28, 1793,  cast  anchor  in  the  road  of  Sourabaya,  in  the 
Isle*  of  Java.  Here  divisions  brok*  out  among  the  crewa,  in 
consequence  of  gaining  intelligence  of  the  further  progress  of  the 
French  revolution.  D^Auribeau  hoisted  the  white  flag  Feb.  19th, 
1794,  and  surrendered  the  two  vessels  to  the  Dutch.  He  also 
seized  all  the  journals,  charts,  and  memoirs,  which  were  connected 
with  the  voyagV,  and  arrested  all  those  of  the  ship's  companies 
that  were  obnoxious  to  his  own  political  sentiments.  One  journal, 
however,  was  fortunately  savea,  by  having  been  stowed  in  a  box 
of  tea.  In  tVis  hasardous,  yet  important  voyage,  of  two  huiJrvd 
Mid  fifteen  pereona,  iUitfmai  lost  their  lives;  the  astronomor, 
Pearson,  died  at  Jftva;  and  Ventenal  at  the  Isle  of  Franco. 
Bicbe,  tha  aatnraliat,  r«aiiiB«d  at  Java,  m  iratt  as  BUladiore. 

91 


-5rs: 


^*^Kfs<ai 


■Mhip* 


TBI  MABIl»Wl'«  ABDBBSt  TO  BM   MISTRISt. 

Lrfiay.  the  botanist,  also  stopped  there;  )>*^n8  »,"*•'  ^^^ 
theTbread-fruit  trees,  brought  from  the  Friendly  Islands.  Pisoo, 
thJpiinter.  tarried  with  t'te  governor  of  Sourab.y a;  but  after- 
warSs  returned  to  Europe,  and  published  an  account  of  Ui« 
voyage. 


TOE  MARINER'S  ADDRESS  TO  HIS  MISTRESS. 

When  oloudi  ue  dark  and  wlndi  bUwr  hi|^» 
Thoa'U  •urely  think  of  roe— 
yfbo&e  fate  w  in  that  atormy  iky, 
Or  on  the  ra^ng  aea. 

And  oft  thou'lt  think  at  eventid*, 
Wlien  flower*  perftinie  the  bieexe, 
Ofhim  who  nt»nld  be  by  thy  aidt, 
But  itill  mnit  toam  the  aeaa. 

Thon'It  think,  too,  when  the  atari  fUne  bri|^ 
Out  o'er  the  a«ure  aljy. 
Of  one  who  viewa  their  hallowed  Iigbt 
And  dieama  that  thou  art  nigh. 

He  aeee  thee  In  that  one  bright  star, 
Pure  emblem  of  our  lore ; 
That  mind*  ua  aa  it  beama  afar, 
Our  vowB  are'aealed  above. 

And  ftill  hia  wandering  eye  riuU  esteb 
It«  loved  and  atUly  light, 
And  think  of  thee,  who  too  dost  wateh 
Love's  altar  pure  and  bright. . 

JU  incenae  ia  the  sweet  aeapbrseas, 
That  bears  hia  vowB  to  ahore, 
Or  Tisiona  pouted  on  the  asas, 
To  meet  and  part  no  nMite. 

The  merry  aea-boy  trolla  hia  lay, 
And  lightly  laogha  at  aadneu : 
The  aoMler  ainga  war'a  roonclelay 
Ito  notea  respond  his  i^adneM. 

The  mariner  atUl  views  hia  ehsit, 
Or  looka  upon  the  pole. 
Wbote  atar  will  guide  him  to  Us 
Hows'srthebilloivsnU. 


Ansthnr  righs  ia       ,  ^ 
O'er  those  he  left  belund ; 


'>f'S:^'l*.'J'!j'i)ijSjiJj^'J■"J-^f|'"i*^ 


TRBM. 

under  his  ear* 
Itlandi.  Fieon, 
ibeya;  but  after- 

•eeount  of  the 


eATTAUl  BIUT. 

Ilwir.    imdMnrnri,  hopMaadten, 
An  tranncBt  u  the  wind ; 
Eye*  bright  in  hope,  or  dim  with  ftu% 
An  nnbwnia  of  tlieir  mind. 

Ambition's  Ian  or  gminfal  trade 
Still  lead  tlwm  on  tneir  way ; 
Not  M  for  me — my  aoul  was  made 
To  aeek  another  atay. 

My  spirit  turns  toward  that  ahon, 
A  wand'rer  though  I  be, 
And  hopes  to  meet  and  part  no  man, 
Tmu  all  it  lores   from  thee. 


•M 


iri^ 


CAPTAIN  RILET 

There  is  not,  perhapa,  in  the  annals  of  shipwreck,  a  perienal 
narrative  more  deeply  distressing,  or  more  painfully  interesting, 
than  that  of  Captain  Riley.  Were  there  not  the  most  ampTe 
testimony  to  his  excellent  moral  character  and  unimpeachable 
veracity,  we  might  be  led  to  withhold  bur  belief  from  some  parts 
of  his  narrative,  on  the  simple  ground,  that  human  nature  on  the 
one  hand,  was  utterly  incapable  of  ipflicting,  and  on  the  other,  of 
enduring  such  hardships  and  sufferings  as  this  gentleman  and  his 
poor  shipwrecked  companions  had  to  undergo — sufferings  which, 
as  Captain  Riley  truly  says,  have  been  as  great  and  as  various  aa 
ever  tell  to  the  lot  of  humanity. 

The  American  Brig,  Commerce,  commanded  by  Captain  Riley, 
with  a  crew  of  ten  persons,  was  wrecked  on  the  coast  of  Africa, 
on  the  38th  of  August,  1815.  With  some  difficulty  the  crew 
reached  the  shore,  and  secured  a  small  quantity  of  provisions  and 
tools,  to  repair  their  boat,  in  which  they  hoped  to  reach  the  Cape 
de  Verd  Island.  Alf  hopes  of  this  were,  however,  soon  rendered 
abortive  by  the  appearance  of  a  party  of  Arabs;  who  burnt  their 
trunks  and  chests,  carried  off  their  provisions,  and  stove  in  the 
wine  and  water  casks.  The  crew  escaped  to  their  boat,  but  Mr. 
Riley  was  left  behind.  One  of  the  Arabs  seized  hold  of  him  by 
the  throat,  and  with  a  scimitar  at  his  breast,  gave  him  to  under- 
staiftl  there  was  money  on  board,  and  it  must  instantly  be  brought 
ashore. 

When  the  ship  Was  wrecked,  Mr.  Riley  had  divided  the  dollars 
among  the  crew.  On  being  informed  of  the  demands  of  the  Araba 
he  hailed  the  men,  and  told  them  what  the  savages  required;  a 
bucket  was  accordingly  aent  on  shore  with  about  a  thousand  del- 
lars.  An  old  Arab  uutantly  laid  hold  of  it,  and  forcbg  Riley  to 
^ecompuijr him, th«7 all wrat teUad  tk*  uaA  billa todivido  the 


aan 


■pod.  In  this  lituation  h«  felt  hiioMlf  very  uneaaj,  and  in  order 
to  resain  the  beach,  he  made  a^a  that  there  was  atill  more  money 
remaming  in  the  ship.  The  hint  succeeded;  and  under  the  idea 
of  getting  it  they  allowed  him  again  to  hail  his  people;  when 
instead  of  money,  he  desired  them  to  send  on  shore  Antonio 
Michael  (an  old  man  they  had  taken  in  at  New  Orleans),  as  the 
only  possible  means  left  for  him  of  effecting  his  own  escape.  The 
Arabs  finding,  on  his  reaching  the  shore,  that  he  had  brought  no 
money  with  him,  struck  him,  pricked  him  with  their  sharp  knives, 
and  stripped  him  of  all  his  clothes.     Mr.  Riley  seized  this  op> 

Srtunity  of  springing  from  his  keepers,  and  plunged  into  the  sea. 
1  rising  through  the  surf,  he  perceived  the  old  Arab  within  ten 
feet  of  him,  up  to  his  chin  in  water,  with  his  spear  ready  to  strike 
him;  but  another  surf  rolling  at  that  instant  over  him,  saved  his 
life,  and  he  reached  the  lee  of  the  wreck  in  safety.  The  re- 
morseless brutes  wreaked  their  vengeance  on  poor  Antonio,  by 
plunging  a  spear  into  his  body,  which  laid  him  lifeless  at  their 
feet. 

The  wreck  was,  by  this  time,  going  rapidly  to  pieces;  (tie  long 
boat  writhed' like  an  old  basket.  The  crew  had  neither  provisiooa 
nor  water;  neither  oars  nor  a  rudder  to  the  boat;  neither  compan 
nor  quadrant  to  direct  their  course ;  vet,  hopeless  as  their  situatiea 
was,  and  expecting  to  be  swallowed  up  by  the  first  surf,  they  re» 
■olved  to  try  their  fate  on  the  ocean,  rather  than  to  encounter  death 
from  the  relentless  savages  on  shore.  By  great  exertion,  they 
Mcceeded  in  finding  a  water  cask,  out  of  which  they  filled  four 
gallons  into  a  keg.  One  of  the  seamen.  Porter,  stole  on  shore 
by  the  hawser,  and  brousht  on  board  two  oars,  with  a  amall  bag 
of  money  which  they  had  buried,  containing  about  four  hundred 
dollars.  They  also  contrived  to  get  together  a  fbw  pieces  <^  salt 
pork,  a  live  pig,  weighing  about  twenty  pounds,  about  four  poundi 
of  figa,  a  spar  for  the  boat's  roast,  a  jib,  and  a  main  sail.  Every 
thing  being  ready,  the  crew  went  to  prayers;  and  the  wind  ceas* 
ui|{  to  blow,  the  boat  was  launched  through  the  breakers.  In  this 
miserable  boat  they  determined  to  stand  oiit  in  the  wide  ocean. 
After  being  six  days  at  sea,  it  was  driven  on  the  rocks,  and  com- 
pletely Move,  but  the  crew  again  reached  the  shore. 

On  the  next  morning  thejr  set  out  from  the  place  where  they 
had  bean  cast,  which,  as  it  afterwards  appeared,  was  Cape 
Barbas,  not  far  from  Cape  Blanco.  Thev  proceeded  easterly 
eloae  to  the  water's  edge,  for  three  days,  when  they  encoantiBred 
a  large  company  uf  Arabs  who  were' watering  their  camels.  The 
ahipwrecked  marinets  bowed  themaelves  to  the  ground  with  everj 
mark  of  submission,  and  by  aigna  implored  their  compassion,  but 
in  vain.  The  whole  party  wore  in  an  instant  stripped  naked  to 
the  skin,  and  the  Arabs  began  to  fight  moat  furiously  for  the  booty, 
and  «ip«cially  for  gettiiw  poosaaaion  of  the  prisoner*.  "  Sue  « 
«ight  of  Uwa,"  iajw  Caplain  Sikty,  wboee  namtiva  w*  ^ae* 


'^.. 


may,  and  in  order 
ras  still  more  money 
and  under  the  idea 
his  people;  when, 
on  shore  Antonio 
w  Orleans),  as  the 
|is  own  escape.  The 
It  he  had  brought  no 
their  sharp  knives, 
lilej  seized  this  op> 
plunged  into  the  sea. 
old  Arah  within  ten 
spear  ready  to  strike 
t  over  him,  saved  his 
in  safety.  The  re- 
on  poor  Antonio,  bj 
him  lifeless  at  their 

\y  to  pieces;  (he  long 
had  neither  provision* 
boat;  neither  compass 
«les8  as  their  situatioi 
the  first  surf,  thev  rs- 
lan  to  encounter  death 
y  creat  exertion,  they 
which  they  filled  four 
Porter,  stole  on  shore 
oars,  with  a  small  bag 
Qg  about  four  hundres 
er  a  fbw  pieces  o(  salt 
nds,  about  four  pound* 
id  a  main  sail.  Every 
rs;  and  the  wind  eeas* 
the  breakers.  In  this 
ut  in  the  wide  ocean. 
»n  the  rocks,  and  com* 
lie  shore. 

1  the  place  where  they 
appeared,  was  Cape 
Bv  proceeded  easterly 
rhen  they  encoudtiared 
ng  their  camels.  The 
the  ground  with  every 
their  compasaion,  but 
lant  stripped  naked  to 
rnriously  for  the  booty, 
B  prisoners.  "  Sue  Sir 
Mie  namtiva  ww^aew 


OAmilT  Rll  tif 

Rita,  "  vara  about  ma,  one  hauling  k<  ^m  way,  Umtt  om  MMthar. 
e  one  who  stripped  us,  stuck  to  us  «•  ii»  lawful  iKoperty  aigni* 
fying,  "you  may  nave  the  others,  these  aie  innie'^They  out 
at  each  other  over  my  head,  and  on  every  side  of  me,  with  thair 
bright  weapons,  which  fairly  whizzed  through  the  air  within  an 
inch  of  my  naked  body,  and  on  every  side  of  me,  now  hacking 
each  other's  arms  apparently  to  the  bone;  men  laying  their  riba 
bare  with  gashes,  while  their  heads,  hands,  and  thigha  recuived  a 
full  share  of  cuts  and  wounds.  The  blood  streaming  from  every 
gash,  ran  down  their  bodies,  coloring  and  heightening  the  natural 
hideousness  of  their  appearance.  I  had  expected  to  be  cut  to 
pieces,  in  this  dreadful  aJBray,  but  was  not  injured. 

"The  battle  over,  I  saw  my  distressed  companions  divided 
among  the  Arabs,  and  all  going  towards  the  drove  of  camels, 
thougn  they  were  at  some  distance  from  me.  We  too  were  deliv- 
ered into  the  hands  of  two  old  women,  who  urged  us  on  with  sticks 
towards  the  camels.  Naked  and  barefooted,  we  could  not  go  very 
fast,  and  I  showed  the  women  my  mouth,  which  was  parched 
white  as  frost,  and  without  a  sign  of  moisture.  When  we  got 
near  the  well,  one  of  the  women  called  for  another,  who  came  to 
us  with  a  wooden  bowl  that  held,  I  should  guess,  about  a  galloa 
of  water,  and  settiog  it  on  the  ground,  maoe  myself  and  Dick 
kneel  down  and  put  our  heads  into  it  like  camels.  1  drank,  I  aup- 
pose,  half  a  gallon,  though  I  had  been  very  particular  in  caution* 
ing  the  men  against  drinking  too  much  at  a  time,  in  caae  tbej 
ever  came  to  water.  I  now  experienced  how  much  easier  it  wit 
to  preach,  than  to  practise  aright.  They  then  led  us  to  the  wall, 
the  water  of  which  was  nearly  as  black  and  disgusting  as  staU 
bilge  water.  A  large  bowl  was  now  filled  with  it,  and  a  little  aoor 
camel's  milk  poured  from  a  goat  akin  into  it;  this  tasted  to  me  dih 
lioious,  and  we  all  drank  ofit  till  our  stomachs  were  literally  fill- 
ed.  We  now  liegBed  for  something  to  eat,  but  theae  Araba  had 
nothing  for  themsinves,  and  seemed  very  sorry  it  waa  not  in  their 

r>wer  to  give  us  some  food.  There  were  at  and  about  the  waO. 
should  think,  about  one  hundred  persons,  men,  women,  and 
children,  and  from  four  to  five  hundred  camels,  large  and  email. 
The  sun  beat  fiercely  upon  us,  and  our  akins  aeemed  actually  to 
fry  like  meat  before  the  fire.  Theae  people  continued  to  draw 
water  for  their  camels,  of  which  the  animals  drank  enormous 
quantities." 

The  party  travelled  south-east  over  a  plain  covered  with  email 
sharp  stones,  which  lacerated  their  feet  dreadfiilly.  About  mid- 
night they  halted,  and  for  the  first  time  sot  about  a  pint  of  pure 
camel's  milk  each.  The  wind  was  chillinff  cold;  they  lay  on 
sharp  stones,  perfectly  naked  ;  their  bodiea  bfiatered  and  mangled, 
and  the  stones  piercing  their  naked  fleah  to  the  riba.  On  the  morn- 
iw  of  the  1  Ith  (September),  a  pint  of  milk  was  divided  among  four 
Of  tbain,  tad  they  got  nothiiig  more  antU  nudnight,  whan  thov 

87* 


\ 


tis 


eATTAIir  BIIIT. 


war*  allowed  •  little  nulbud  water.  They  continued  trtreUiag 
in  the  desert,  eiidurin|[  all  the  miseries  of  hunger,  thirst,  end 
iktigue,  with  every  addition  Arab  cruelty  could  inflict,  un(il  they 
reached  Wadooon.  Sidi  Hamet,  an  African  trader,  who  had  pur 
chased  them  of  the  old  Arab,  how(  ver,  became  the  means  of  their 
deliverance.  He  told  Mr.  Riley,  that  he  must  write  a  letter  to 
his  friend  at  Suara,  destriAg  him  to  pay  the  money  for  the  ransom 
of  himself  and  people,  when  they  should  be  free.  A  scrap  of  pa* 
per,  a  reed,  ana  some  black  liquor,  was  then  brought  to  Mr.  Riley, 
who  briefly  wrote  the  circumstances  of  the  loss  of  the  ship,  his  cap* 
tivity,  &c.  adding,  "  worn  down  to  the  bone  by  the  molt  dreadful  of 
all  sufierings,  naaed,  and  a  slave,  I  implore  your  pity,  and  trust  that 
such  distress  will  not  be  suffered  to  plead  in  vain."  The  letter 
was  addressed,  "  To  the  English,  French,  Spanish,  or  American 
Consuls,  or  any  Christian  merchant  in  Mogadure."  The  anxiety 
of  the  captives  may  be  well  imagined.  For  seven  days  after  Ha* 
mat's  departure,  they  were  shut  up  in  a  yard  during  the  day,  where 
cows,  sheep,  and  asses,  rested;  and  locked  up  all  night  in  a  dreary 
cellar. 

On  the  evening  ofthe  eighth  day,  a  Moor  came  into  the  inclosure, 
and  brought  a  letter  from  Mr.  Wiltshire,  the  English  Consul, 
stating,  that  he  had  agreed  to  the  demand  of  SidiHatiiet,  whom 
he  kept  as  an  hostage  for  their  safe  appearance,  and  that  the 
bearer  would  conduct  themto  Mogadore.  He  had  also  sentthera 
clothes  and  provisions;  and  thus  accoutred  and  fortified,  they  sot 
out  under  their  new  conductor,  who  brought  them  safe  to  MOga- 
dore,  where  they  vf^re  most  kindly  received  by  Mr.  Wiltshire, 
who  took  each  man  by  ihe  band,  and  welcomed  him  to  life  and 
liberty.  He  conducted  them  to  his  house,  had  them  all  washed, 
elothed,  and  fed,  and  spaied  no  pains  nor  expense  in  procurins 
every  comfort,  and  in  admibistering  with  his  own  hand,  night  ana 
day,  such  refreshment  as  their  late  sufferings  and  debility  required. 
Of  the  miserable  condition  to  which  these  unfortunate  men  had 
been  reduced,  one  act  will  witness.  "At  the  instance  of  Mr. 
Wiltshire,"  says  Mr.  Riley,  "  I  was  weighed,  and  fell  short  of 
ninety  pounds,  though  my  usual  weight  for  the  last  ten  years  had 
been  over  two  hundred  pounds;  the  weight  of  my  companions  was 
less  than  I  dare  to  mention,  for  I  apprehended  it  would  not  be  be- 
'ieved  that  the  bodies  of  men,  retaining  the  vital  spark,  should  not 
have  weighed  ybtiyjioimdi/ 


^ 


ASTBITTOBM  Of  OArTAIlT  WQPOWABB. 


Sit 


lontinued  trareUiog 
iunger,  tbirit,  and 
'  inflict,  un(il  they 
ler,  who  had  pur 
the  means  of  tbeit 
write  a  letter  to 
f  for  the  ramom 
A  acrap  of  pa- 
lught  to  Mr.  Riley, 
of  the  ahip,  his  cap< 
the  molt  dreadful  of 
r  pity,  and  trust  that 
vain."  The  letter 
anish,  or  American 
ore."  The  anxiety 
!ven  days  after  Ha- 
iring the  day,  where 
all  night  in  a  dreary 

le  into  the  inclosure, 
le  English  Consul, 
Sidi' Haiiiet,  whom 
ance,  and  that  the 
B  had  also  sent  them 
nd  fortified,  they  set 
them  safe  to  Moga- 
I  by  Mr.  Wiltshire, 
med  him  to  life  and 
td  them  all  washed, 
zpense  in  procuring 
>wn  hand,  night  and 
nd  debility  required, 
ofortunate  men  bad 
be  instance  of  Mr. 
d,  and  fell  short  of 
e  last  ten  years  had 
my  companions  was 
I  it  would  not  bo  be- 
tal  spark,  should  not 


ADVENTURES  QF  CAPTAIN  WOODWARD  AND  FIVE 
SEAMEN  IN  THE  ISLAND  OF  CELEBES. 

In  the  rear  1791,  Woodward  sailed  from  Boston  for  the  Ei*.8t  £n« 
dies.*  On  his  arrival  there  be  was  employed  in  making  ccvntry 
royages  until  the  30th  of  January,  when  he  sailed  as  cnief-.v  «• 
in  an  American  ship  from  Batavia  bound  to  Manilla. 

In  passing  through  the  straits  of  Macassar,  thoy  found  the  wino 
and  current  Doth  against  them,  and  after  beating  up  for  six  weeks 
they  fell  short  of  provision.  Captain  Woodward  and  five  seamen 
were  sent  to  purchase  some  from  a  vessel  about  four  leagues  dis- 
tant. They  were  without  water,  provisions,  or  compass, — having 
on  board  the  boat  only  an  axe,  a  boat  hook,  two  penknives,  a  use- 
less  gun  and  forty  dollars  in  cash. 

They  reached  the  ship  at  dunset,  and  were  told  by  the  captain 
that  be  had  no  provision  to  spare  as  he  was  bound  to  China  and 
was  victualled  lor  only  one  month.  He  advised  them  to  stay  until 
morning,  which  they  did.  But  when  morning  da wn'^d,  their  own 
ship  was  out  of  sight  even  from  the  mast  head,  and  with  a  fair 
wind  for  her  to  go  through  the  straits  of  Macassar.  Being  treat- 
ed coolly  by  the  ca'>tain,  they  agreed  with  one  voice  to  leave  the 
■hip  in  search  of  X^-nx  own.    On  leaving  the  vessel,  the  captain 

(ave  them  twelve  musket  cart)  idges  and  a  round  boitle  of  brandy, 
ut  neither  water  nor  provisions  of  any  sort, 
lliey  rowed  till  twelve  o'clock  at  night,  in  hopes  of  seeing;  their 
own  vessel,  and  then  drawing  near  an  island  they  thought  it  pru- 
dent to  go  there  to  get  some  fresh  water.  They  landed  and  made 
a  large  fire  in  hopes  their  ship  might  see  it.  But  not  being  able 
Lii  see  any  thing  of  her  in  the  mornine  and  finding  no  water  or 
provisions  on  the  island,  they  continued  their  course  in  the  middle 
of  the  straits  six  days  loneer,  without  goinir  on  shore  or  tasting  of 
any  thing  but  brandy.  They  soon  bad  the  shore  of  Celebes  «o 
sight,  where  they  determined  to  go  in  search  of  provisions  and 
then  to  proceed  to  Macassar. 

As  they  approached  the  shore  they  saw  two  proas  full  of  natives, 
who  immediately  put  themselves  in  a  posture  of  defence.  The 
sailors  made  signs  to  them  that  they  wanted  provisions,  but  instead 
of  giving  it  the  Malays  began  to  brandish  their  cresses  or  steel 
d>g|[en.  Three  of  the  men  jumped  on  board  a  proa  to  beg  some 
Indian  com,  and  got  three  or  four  small  ears.    The  chief  seemed 

Sjuite  friendly  and  agreed  to  sell  captain  WQ.odward  two  cocoa  nuts 
or  a  dollar,  but  as  soon  as  he  bad  received  the  money,  he  imme- 
diately besan  to  strip  him  ih  search  of  more.  Captain  Woodward 
defended  himself  with  a  hatchet  and  ordered  the  boat  to  be  shov- 

*  la  the  ship  Robert  Morris,  Captain  Hay. 


ASTimrait  or  0A>tAii»  WMBWAto. 


1^. 


ed  off,  the  chief  lerelled  a  mueket  at  him,  but  fortunately  it  i 
him. 

They  then  stood  off,  went  round  a  point  of  land  and  landed  oat 
of  eight  of  the  proas,  when  they  found  a  plenty  of  cocoa-nut  trees. 
Captain  Woodward  while  engaged  in  cutting  them  down,  heard  the 
man  whom  he  had  leA  to  take  care  of  the  boat  scream  out  in  a 
most  bitter  manner.  He  ran  immediately  to  the  beach  where  he 
saw  his  own  boat  off  at  some  distance  full  of  Malays  and  the  poor 
fellow  who  was  guarding  it  lying  on  his  back  with  his  throat  cut 
and  his  body  stabbed  in  several  places. 

Hiey  now  fled  inmiediately  to  the  mountains,  and  finding  that 
they  had  lost  their  boat,  money,  and  most  of  their  clothes,  they 
concluded  that  their  only  chance  of  escape  was  to  get  to  Macassar 
by  land.  Being  afraid  to  travel  in  the  day  time,  they  set  out  in  the 
evening  taking  a  star  for  their  suide  bearing  south.  But  they 
soon  lost  sight  of  the  star  and  at  day  light  found  themselves  within 
a  few  rods  of  the  place,  where  they  had  set  out.  They  had  travel- 
led on  the  side  of  a  mountain,  and  had  gone  quite  round  it  instead 
of  going  straight  over  it.  They  started  again  and  travelled  by  the 
B«a  shore  six  nights  successively,  living  on  berries  and  water 
found  in  the  hollows  of  trees. 

On  the  sixth  they  arrived  at  a  bay  where  they  saw  a  party  of 
the  Maylays  fishing.  Here  Captain  Woodward  found  some  yellow- 
ish berries  which  were  to  him  quite  palatable,  but  his  men  not 
liking  them  eat  some  of  the  leaves.  On  the  next  day  they  con- 
cluded to  make  a  rail  and  go  to  the  small  island  on  which  they 
first  landed,  thinking  that  they  might  be  taken  off  from  it  by  some 
ship  passing  that  way.  But  they  were  obliged  to  abandon  this 
prefect,  for  in  the  evening  the  men  who  had  eaten  the  leaves,  were 
attacked  with  violent  pains  and  were  crying  out  in  torture  during  the 
whole  night.  Although  they  got  better  towards  evening  yet  they 
were  so  weak  and  dejected  that  Captain  Woodward  was  convinced 
Aat  they  could  not  reach  the  island  and  asked  them  if  they  were  wU-' 
ting  to  surrender  themselves  to  the  Malays.  On  reflection  they  all 
thought  this  the  best  course  which  they  could  take ;  and  forthwith 
proceeded  to  the  bay  where  they  had  seen  the  Malays  in  the  morn* 
log,  in  order  at  once  either  to  find  friends  or  to  meet  their  fate. 
At  first  they  saw  no  one,  but  Captain  Woodward  soon  saw  three  of 
the  natives  approaching  him;  and  ordering  his  men  to  keep  quiet, 
he  advanced  alone  until  he  had  come  within  a  short  distance  of 
them,  where  they  stopped  and  drew  out  their  cresses  or  knives. 
Captain  Woodward  fell  on  his  knees  and  begged  for  mercy.  The 
Malaya  looked  at  him  fi>r  about  ten  minutea  with  their  knives 
drawn  when  one  of  them  came  towards  him,  knelt  in  the  same 
BMaaar  and  oflbred  both  his  hands.  More  natives  bow  cam*  up 
•ad  stripped  them  of  their  hate  and  haodkerobieA  and  •▼•n  tlM 
bvttone  on  their  jackets,  which  they  took  for  nooey. 

They  were  now  takm  to  IVhtfilhi  KM  ibarHM  to  tha  oourt-houN 


u!ii<*^^jt.iik^^^:,-^.^:Mk*iiri::£iieiUXtt^V!ti^^ 


jnateljr  it 


aad  landed  oat 
I  cocoa-nut  tree*. 
I  down,  heard  the 
I  •cream  out  in  a 
beach  where  he 
r»  and  the  poor 
li  hia  throat  cut 

and  finding  that 

leir  clothes,  they 

get  to  Macaasar 

hey  set  out  in  the 

louth.     But  they 

hemselves  within 

They  had  travel- 

e  round  it  instead 

id  travelled  by  the 

erries  and  water 

y  saw  a  party  of 
»und  some  yellow- 
rbut  his  men  not 
Mt  day  they  con- 
d  on  which  they 
ff  frora  it  by  some 

to  abandon  tbia 
A  the  leaves,  were 
torture  during  the 
evening  yet  they 
rd  was  convinced 
lifthe^werewilo 
reflection  they  all 
e;  and  forthwith 
tiays  in  the  morn* 

meet  their  fate, 
loon  saw  three  of 
tn  to  keep  quiet, 
ibort  distance  of 
resses  or  knives, 
for  mercy.  The 
ith  their  kaivea 
leit  in  the  saoit 
*•  now  came  up 
A  and  •▼mitlw 
•y.  -A 

thccourt-hoaM 


^jmlawnt  hall,  accompanied  by  a  great  eoneoune  of  pcoplt, 
leiudrag  women  and  children  who  made  a  circle  at  some  distaoan 


1 


ineiudrag  women  and  children  who  made  a  circle  at  some  ( 
from  them.  The  chief  soon  entered,  looking  as  wild  as  a  mad- 
man, carrying  in  his  hand  a  large  drawn  cress  or  knife,  the  blade 
of  which  was  two  feet  and  a  half  long  and  very  bright.  Captain 
Woodward  approached  so  near  to  him  as  to  place  the  foot  of  tine 
chief  on  his  own  head,  as  a  token  that  he  was  completely  under 
his  power  and  direction.  The  chief  after  holding  a  short  consul- 
tation, returned  to  his  house  and  brought  out  five  pieces  of  betel 
nut,  which  he  gave  to  the  sailors  ns  a  token  of  friendship. 

They  were  now  permitted  to  rest  until  about  eight  o'clock 
when  they  were  carried  to  the  Rajah's  house,  where  they  found  a 
supper  provided  for  them  of  sago-bread  and  peas,  but  in  all 
hardly  enough  for  one  man.  Their  allowance  afterwards  was  for 
each  man  a  cocoa  put  and  an  ear  of  Indian  corn  at  noon,  and  the 
game  at  night.  la  this  manner  they  lived  about  twenty  days,  but 
were  not  al!owed  to  go  out  except  to  the  water  to  bathe.  But  the 
natives  soon  began  to  relax  their  vigilance  over  them,  and  in 
about  four  months,  they  were  conveyed  to  the  head  Rajah  of  Par- 
low.  .  They  had  not  been  there  long  when  the  head  Rajah  sent  to 
a  Dutch  port  called  Priggia,  which  is  at  the  head  of  a  deep  bay 
on  the  east  side  of  the  island  and  which  is  under  the  care  of  a 
commandant.  In  a  few  days  the  commandant  who  waa  a  French- 
man, and  had  been  thirty  years  in  the  Dutch  service,  arrived  at 
Parlow  and  sent  for  Captain  Woodward.  He  wished  him  to  go 
with  him  to  Priggia  where  he  resided,  but  Captain  Woodward  re- 
fused, being  apprehensive  that  he  should  be  forced  into  the  Duteb 
service.  The  Commandant  then  inquired  where  he  intended  to 
go.  He  answered  to  Batavia  or  Macassar  and  thence  to  Bengal 
He  did  not  ofier  Captain  Woodward  or  his  people  either  money, 
assistance,  or  clothes,  but  seemed  quite  afllVonted. 

The  Rajah  now  gave  him  the  liberty  of  returning  to  Travalla, 
taking  care,  however,  to  send  him  in  the  night  for  fear  that  he 
shouM  get  sisht  of  Dungally,  where  there  lived  a  Mahomedan 
priest  called  Juan  Hadgee.  This  priest  had  been  ut  Travuila, 
and  offered  a  ransom  for  Captain  Woodward  and  his  men,  but  the 
natives  were  unwilling  to  take  it,  and  were  fearful  that  their  cap- 
tives would  try  to  escape  to  the  town  where  the  priest  lived.  It 
happened,  however,  that  they  were  becalmed  oflT Dungally,  so  that 
Captain  Woodward  could  observe  its  situation.  On  arriving  at 
TravUlIa,  he  attempted  to  escape  alone  by  water,  but  the  canoe 
being  leaky,  he  came  very  near  losing  his  life.  But  not  discour- 
aged, he  started  immediately  for  Dungally  by  land,  and  reached 
it  just  as  the  day  dawned. 

Juan  Hadgee  received  him  kindly  and  provided  him  with  food 
and  clothing.  In  the  course  of  throe  days  the  chief  of  Trav&lle 
learning  that  he  bad  gone  to  Dungally,  sent  after  him,  but  tlM  old 
pileat  and  the  R^ah  of  Duagidly  refuaed  to  let  him  go.    They 


ADTBirnmis  or  CArrAur  woodwabs. 


told  him  that  in  the  course  of  three  months  they  would  eonvey 
him  to  Batavia  or  Macassar,  and  also  desired  him  to  send  for  the 
four  men  he  had  left  at  Travalla.  This  he  did  by  means  ofa  let- 
ter which  he^  wrote  with  a  pen  of  bamboo,  and  sent  by  the  captain 
of  a  proa,  who  delivered  it  secretly.  The  men  made  their  es- 
cape from  Parlow  at  the  time  of  a  feast,  early  in  the  evening, 
and  arrived  at  Dungally  at  about  twelve  o'clock  the  next  day. 
They  were  received  with  great  rejoicing  by  the  natives,  who  ikn- 
mediately  brought  them  plenty  of  victuals.  And  this  fortunate 
circumstance  revived  their  hopes  of  reachi^  some  European 
■ettlement,  after  many  narrow  escapes  and  difficulties. 

Juan  Hadgeeiiow  informed  Captain  Woodward  that  he  should 
■et  off  in  about  two  months,  but  that  he  must  first  make  a  short 
voyage  for  provisions,  *which  he  did,  leaving  Captain  Woodward 
in  his  house  with  his  wife  and  two  servants. 

They  soon  bcean  to  suffer  exceedingly  for  the  want  of  provi 
sions,  so  that  the  natives  were  obliged  to  convey  them  up  the 
country,  there  to  be  supplied  by  some  of  the  same  tribe,  wlio 
regularly  went  from  the  village  into  the  country  at  a  certain  sea- 
son to  cultivate  rice  and  Indian  corn.  But  the  Rajah  of  Parlow 
making  war  on  the  Rajah  of  Dungally,  because  the  latter  would 
not  deliver  them  up,  they  were  soon  brought  back  to  Dungally. 
There  was  but  one  engagement,  and  then  the  men  of  Parlow 
were  beaten  and  driven  back  to  their  own  town. 

Provisions  again  growing  scarce,  Juan  Hadgee  was  bound  for 
another  port  called  Sawyah,  situated  about  two  degrees  north  of 
the  lino.  He  gave  Captain  Woodward  permission  to  accompany 
him,  provided  th«  Rajah  was  willing,  but  the  latter  refused,  sayincr 
that  he  must  stay  there  and  keep  ^uard.  Cap'uin  Woodward  now 
mustered  his  men  and  taking  their  guns  they  went  to  the  house 
of  the  Rajah  and  told  him  they  would  stand  guard  no  longer  for 
they  wished  to  go  to  Macassar.  He  immediately  replied  that 
they  should  not.  Being  determined  not  to  live  longer  in  thii^ 
manner,  and  finding  no  other  means  of  escaping,  Captain  Wood- 
ward came  to  the  resolution  of  stealing  a  canoe,  to  which  all  the 
men  agreed.  They  were  lucky  enough  to  obtain  one  and  seemed 
in  a  fair  way  to  make  their  escape,  but  just  as  they  were  getting 
into  it  they  were  surrounded  by  about  twenty  natives  and  carried 
before  the  Rajah,«>who  ordered  them  to  account  for  their  conduct. 
They  told  him  that  they  could  get  nothing  to  eat,  end  were  deter- 
mined to  quit  thu  place  on  the  first  opportunity  that  offered. 
Nothing  of  consequence  resulted  firom  this.  Knowing  the  lan- 
guage and  people  they  had  now  become  fearless  of  danger. 

Ilie  Riyah  refbsing  to  let  them  go  with  Juan  Hadgee  they  de- 
termined to  mn  away  with  him,  whioh  they  were  enabled  to  do,  as 
the  old  man  set  out  at  twelve  o'clock  at  night,  and  there  happen- 
•d  luckily  to  be  a  canoe  on  the  beach  near  his  own.  This  they 
took  and  followed  him  as  well  as  they  eould,  bnt  they  soon  parted 


hey  woald  cowrtj 
liim  to  send  for  the 
!  by  meaus  of  a  let- 
Isent  by  the  captain 
pen  made  their  es- 
lly  in  the  evening, 
lock  the  next  day. 
|e  natives,  who  ikn- 
Vnd  this  fortunate 
I  some  European 
ncuhies. 

card  that  he  should 
[first  make  a  short 
captain  Woodward 

the  want  of  provi 

nvey  them  up  the 

le  same  tribe,  who 

Jry  at  a  certain  sea- 

e  Rajah  of  Parlow 

ise  the  latter  would 

back  to  Dungally. 

the  men  of  Parlow 

igee  was  bound  for 
vo  degrees  north  of 
ission  to  accompany 
itter  refused,  saying 
'ttin  Woodward  now 

went  to  the  house 
uard  no  lon^rer  for 
liately  replied  that 
live  longer  in  this 
»g,  Captain  Wood- 
ae,  to  which  all  the 
in  one  and  seemed 

they  were  getting 
latives  and  carried 
t  for  their  conduct, 
at,  and  were  deter- 
unity  that  offered. 
Knowing  the  lan- 
a  of  danger. 
I  Hadgee  thev  de- 
I  enabled  to  do,  as 
ind  there  hapfpen- 

own.    This  tbey 
t  they  Mon  parted 


ABTIllTOmM  or  CUTJLSa  WOOBWABO. 


m 


item  him,  and  in  the  morning  discovered  a  proa  close  by  them  iiU- 
ed  with  Malays.  Thev  told  them  that  they  were  bound  with  the 
old  man  to  Sawyab.  fhe  Malays  took  them  at  their  word  and 
e<t:ried  them  there  instead  of  to  Duogally,  which  was  a  lucky 
escape  to  them  for  that  time.  Whilst  residins  at  Sawyah  the  old 
priest  carried  Captain  Woodward  to  an  island  in  the  bay  of  Saw- 
yah, which  he  granted  to  him,  and  in  compliment  called  it  Steers- 
man's island;  steersman  being  the  appellation  by  which  Captain 
Woodward  was  distingjuished  by  the  natives.  After  staying  some 
time  in  Sawyah  and  making  sago,  which  they  bartered  for  fish  and 
cocoa-nuts,  they  left  the  place  and  proceeded  to  Dumpolis,  a  little 
to  I'ae  southward  of  Sawyah.  Juan  Hadgee  soon  left  this  place 
for  Tomboo  about  a  days'  sail  south,  where  he  had  business. 
Here  Captain  Woodward  and  hia  men  also  followed  him.  The  old 
priest  was  willing  to  assist  them  to  escape  from  here,  but  was  evi- 
dently unable  to  do  it,  Tomboo  being  under  the  direction  of  the 
Rajah  of  Dungally. 

Fortunately  they  succeeded  in  stealing  a  canoe  in  the  night, 
and  once  more  shoving  off,  they  directed  their  course  to  a  small 
island  in  the  bay,  where  they  landed  at  daybreak.  Not  being  able 
to  find  water  here  as  they  expected,  they  landed  at  another  point 
of  land,  which  they  knew  to  be  uninhabited.  Having  obtained 
water  and  repaired  their  canoe,  they  directed  their  course  to  Ma' 
cassar,  which  was  then  about  five  degrees  to  the  southward. 
After  coasting  along  the  island  for  the  space  of  eight  days,  during 
which  time  they  were  twice  very  nearly  taken  by  the  Malays, 
they  arrived  at  a  part  of  the  island  of  Celebes,  which^was  very 
thickly  inhabited. 

They  passed  many  towns  and  saw  many  proas  within  the  har- 
bors. Having  observed  a  retired  place,  they  landed  to  procure 
some  fresh  water,  but  they  bad  hardly  )got  a  draught  each,  when  two 
canoes  were  seen  coming  to  the  very  place  where  they  were. 
They  immediaiely  shoved  off  and  kept  on  their  course  all  da^. 
Just  as  the'  sun  went  down  they  discovered  two  canoes  not  far 
from  them  fishing.  As  soon  as  the  natives  saw  them  they  made 
the  best  of  their  way  to  the  shore.  Captain  Woodward  wished  to 
inquire  the  distance  to  Macassar,  but  not  being  able  to  stop  them 
ho  made  for  one  of  two  canoes  which  he  saw  at  a  distance  lying 
at  anchor.  Being  told  that  the  captain  wa^  below  and  asleep 
he  went  down  and  awakened  him.  He  came  on  deck  with  three 
or  four  men  all  armed  with  spears,  and  inquired  where  the^  were 
"oing.    Captain  Woodward  told  him  to  Macassar  and  inquired  of 

im  tne  distance  to  that  place.  He  answered  that  it  would  take 
a  month  and* day  to  reach  it.  Captain  Woodward  told  him  it  was 
not  true,  and  made^e  best  of  his  way  off.  The  Malays  however 
made  chase,  but  Captain  Woodward  and  his  men  by  putting  out  to 
sea  and  making  groat  exertion,  soon  lost  sight  of  them  and  ware 
able  again  to  stand  in  towards  the  land. 


hi 


SMHH 


ABTUtttfuB  o»  tiapt^nt  "mt/t^tnist^. 


At  daylight  they  discovered  a  number  of  fhhing  eaaoM,  two 
of  irbieh  made  towards  them.  They  let  them  come  alongside  as 
there  was  only  one  man  in  each.  One  of  them  came  on  board 
and  Captain  Woodward  put  the  same  question  to  him  respecting 
Macassar.  He  first  said  it  would  take  thir^days  to  reach  there 
and  asked  them  to  go  oc  r  lore  and  see  the  Rajah.  But  they  d«« 
dined  doing  this,  and  he  afterwards  acknowledged  that  v  proa 
could  go  there  in  two  days. 

They  then  left  the  canoe  and  sailed  along  the  coast.  At 
CTening  they  perceived  a  proa  ftiU  of  Malay  men  set  off  from  the 
shore.  It  was  soon  along  side,  and  four  or  five  of  them  jumpin( 
into  the  boat  they  nearly  upset  her,  and  thus  Captain  Woodwar 
and  his  men  were  agnin  prisoners  of  the  Malays.  They  were 
eikrried  to  a  town  called  Pamboon  and  then  conducted  to  the 
Rajah's  house.  The  E  jab  demanded  of  them  whence  they  came 
and  whither  they  were  goins.  Captain  Woodward  answered  the 
same  as  before ;  he  also  told  him  that  they  must  go  immediately, 
and  must  not  be  stopped.  They  had  now  become  so  familiar  with 
dangers  and  with  captures,  aud  were  also  so  much  nearer  Macas- 
sar, than  they  could  have  expected  after  so  many  narrow  escapes, 
that  they  became  more  and  more  desperate  and  confident,  from 
the  persuasion  that  they  should  at  last  reach  their  destined  port. 

In  the  morning  Captain  Woodward  asain  waitod  on  the  Rajdi, 
and  begged  to  be  sent  to  Macassar;  telling  him  tnat  the  Govern- 
or had  sent  for  them,  who  wfuld  stop  all  his  pitoas  at  Macassar 
if  he  detained  them.  After  .thinking  on  it  a  short  time,  he  called 
the  captain  of  a  proa,  and  delivered  the  prisoners  to  him,  telling 
him  to  carry  them  to  Macassar,  and  if  he  could  get  any  thing  for 
them,  to  take  it,  but  if  not  to  let  them  go.  The  proa  not  being 
ready  they  stayed  in  their  canoe  three  days,  quite  overcome  by 
their  many  hardships  and  fatigues.  Captain  Woodward  having 
had  no  shirt,  the  sun  had  burnt  his  shoulder  so  as  to  lay  it  <;uite 
bare  and  produce  a  bad  sore.  Here  he  caught  cold,  and  was  soon 
Attacked  with  a  violent  fever,  so  that  by  the  time  the  proa  was 
ready  to  sail  he  was  unable  to  stand.  He  was  carried  and 
laid  on  the  deck  without  a  mat  or  any  kind  of  clothing.  The 
eold  niffhts  and  (Veauent  showers  of  rain  would  without  doubt 
have  killed  him,  had  ne  not  been  kept  alive  by  the  hopes  of  reach- 
infMacassar,  the^houghts  of  whicn  kept  up  all  their  spirits. 

They  landed  at  Macassar  on  the  l{kh  of  June'  1790,  aftier  a 
Tograge  of  about  nineteen  days  from  Tomboo,  and  after  having 
been  two  y*tA  and  five  months  in  captivity;  the  reckoning  vdiiob 
Captain  Woodward  kept  daring  that  time,  being  wrong  only  one 


*»7 


b-.'  -iA':i>-j*'yi'  jif':'. 


4-''«<<''iriU.«HuA^.-'-^£..'.':'..;-:'-.'' 'lHiia«i1illtf  mil  I 


11 


Jng  euoM,  two 

|me  alongside  as 

I  came  on  board 

I  him  respecting 

to  reach  there 

But  they  de* 

|dged  that  a  proa 

the  coast.    At 
I  set  off  from  the 
of  them  juthpint^ 
ptain  Woodward 
lys.     They  were 
sonducted  to  the 
rhence  they  came 
srd  answered  the 
t  go  immediately, 
le  so  familiar  with 
eh  nearer  Macas- 
y  narrow  escapes, 
1  confident,  from 
lir  destined  port, 
t^  on  the  Rajah, 
I  that  the  Govern- 
noas  at  Macassar 
>rt  time,  he  called 
irs  to  him,  telling 
1  get  any  thing  for 
lie  proa  not  being 
uite  overcome  by 
iVoodward  having 
as  to  lay  it  quite 
lold,  and  was  soon 
time  the  proa  was 
was  carried  and 
>f  clothing.    The 
M  without  doubt 
le  hopes  of  reaeh« 
I  their  spirits, 
ine'  1796,  after  a 
and  after  having 
•  reckoning  iriiioE 
t  wrong  only  one 


SHirWBBOX  or  THB  ILIIIDBinUU.. 


SHIPWRECK  OF  THE  BUNDENHALL  ON  THE 
INACCESSIBLE  ISLAND. 

After  fortune  and  victory  had  finally  abandoned  Napoleon  on 
the  field  of  Waterloo,  and  it  had  been  determined  by  the  bellige- 
rent powers  that  the  fortress  of  St.  Helena  should  be  the  ufe 
prison  of  the  fallen  Emperor,  the  British  government  deemed  it  a 
measure  of  prudence  to  occupy  Tristan  Da  Cunha,  situated  about 
twenty  degrees  south  of  St.  Helena,  and  which,  in  tue  event  of 
any  plot  for  a  rescue,  it  was  apprehended  might  have  afforded  a 
secure  rendezvous,  and  offered  considerable  facilities  for  com- 
bined and  ulterior  arransements.  In  pursuance  of  that  determi-  • 
nation,  a  company  of  artillery  was  stationed  on  Tristan  da  Cunha, 
a  temporary  framed  barrack  was  erected,  a  fort  constructed, 
provisions  were  laid  up,  a  few  milch  cows  and  calves  were  landed, 
and  the  British  flag  waved  over  the  melancholy  waste  i 

About  thirty-five  miles  from  Tristan  da  Cunha  stands,  on  abase 
of  solid  rock,  the  Inaccessible  Island. 

In  1820-1,  the  Blindenhall,  free  trader,  bound  for  Bombay, 
partly  laden  with  broadcloths,  was  prosecuting  her  voyage,  and 
being  driven  by  adverse  winds  and  currents,  more  to  the  westward 
and  southward  than  her  course  required,  it  became  desirable  to 
make  Tristan  da  Cunha,  in  order  'to  ascertain  and  rectify  the 
reckoning.  It  was  while  steering  to  effect  this  purpose,  that  one 
morning  a  passenger,  who  chanced  to  be  on  deck  earlier  than 
usual,  observed  great  quantities  of  sea-weed  occasionally  floating 
alongside.  This  excited  some  alarm,  and.a  man  was  immediatisly 
sent  aloft  to  keep  a  good  look-out.  The  weather  was  then  ex- 
tremely hazy,  though  moderate;  the  weeds  continued — ;all  were 
on  the  alert;  they  shortened  sail,  and  the  boatswain  piped  for 
breakfast.  In  lessthan  ten  minutes,  "  Breakers  a-head!  '  startled 
every  soul,  and  in  a  moment  all  were  on  deck.  "  Breakers  star- 
boaril! — breakers  larboard! — ^breakers  all  around!"  was  the  omin- 
ous cry  a  moment  afterwards,  and  all  was  confusion.  « The  words 
were  scarcely  uttered,  when — and  before  the  helm  was  up--the 
ill-fated  ship  struck,  and,  after  a  few  tremendbus  shocks  against 
the  sunken  reef,  she  parted  about  midship.  Ropes  and  stays 
were  cut  away— -all  rushed  forws'  as  if  instinctively,  and  bad 
barelv  reached  the  forecastle,  when  the  stem  and  quarter  broke 
asunder  with  a  violent  crash,  and  sunk  to  rise  no  more.  Two  of  the 
seamen  miserably  perished;-  the  rest,  including  oflicers,  passen- 
gers, and  crew,  held  on  about  the  head  and  bows; — the  struggle 
was.for  life! 

At  this  moment  the  Inaccessible  Island,  which  till  then  had 
bt«n  Teifed  in  clouds  and  thick  mist,  appeared  frowning  above  the 


I 


i,      (: 


•nrWSIOK  OF  THB  BUMDUkJAlL 


hue.  The  vreek  was  more  than  two  miles  fVom  the  fri«htftd 
shore.  The  base  of  the  Island  was  still  buried  in  impenetrable 
gloom  In  this  perilous  extremity  one  was  for  cutting  away  the 
anchor,  which  had  been  got  up  to  the  cat-head  in  time  of  need; 
another  wits  for  cutting  <fown  the  foremast,  (the  foretopmast  being 
already  by  the  board).  The  fug  totally  disappeared,  and  th« 
black  rocky  island  st'^  in  all  its  rugged  deformity  before  their 
eyes!  Suddtmly  the  sun  broke  out  in  full  splendor,  as  if  to  ex- 
pose more  clKarly  to  the  view  of  the  sufferers  their  dreadful  pre« 
dicament.  Despair  was  in  every  bosom;  death,  arrayed  in  all  its 
terrors,  seemed  to  hover  over  the  wreck.  But  exertion  was 
required,  and  Providence  inspired  unhopedfor  fortitude; — every 
thing  that  human  energy  could  devise  was  effected;  and  the 
wreck  on  which  all  eagerly  clung,  was  miraculously  drifted  by 
*  the  tide  and  wind,  between  ledges  of  sunken  rocks  and  thunder 
ing  breakers,  until  after  the  lapse  of  six  hours,  it  entered  iheotU^ 
mot  on  the  island  where  a  landing  was  possibly  practicable,  for 
all  the  othor  parts  of  the  coast  consisted  of  perpendicular  cliffs 
of  pranite  rising  from  amidst  deafening  surf,  to  the  height  pf 
twenty,  forty,  and  sixty  fett.  As  the  shore  was  ncared,  a  raft 
was  prepared,  and  on  this  a  few  paddled  for  the  cove; — at  last  the 
wrecK  drove  right  in;  ropes  were  instantly  thrown  out;  and  the 
crew  and  passengers  (except  two  who  had  been  crushed  in 
the  wreck,)  including  three  ladies  and  a  female  attenaant,  were 
providentially  snatched  from.the  watery  grave,  which  a  tew  short 
nours  before  had  appeared  inevitable, — and  safely  landed  on  the 
beech.  £vening  had  now  set  in,  and  every  effort  was  made  to 
secure  whatever  could  be  saved  from  the  wreck :  bales  of  cloth, 
eases  of  wine,  a  few  boxes  of  cheese,  some  hams,  the  carcass  of 
the  milch  cow  that  had  been  washed  on  shore,  buckets,  tubs, 
butts,  a  seaman's  chest  (containing  a  tinder-;box,  and  needles  and 
thread),  with  a  number  of  elegant  mahogany  turned  bed-posts, 
part  of  nn  investment  for  the  India  market,  were  got  on  shore. 
The  rain  poured  down  in  torrents,  all  hands  were  busily  at  work 
to  procure  a  shelter  from  the  weather,  and  with  the  bed-posts  and 
broadcloths,  and  part .  of  the  foresail,  as  many  tents  were  soon 
pitched  ad  there  were  individuals  in  the  island. 

Drenched  with  the  sea  and  with  the  rain, — hungry,  cold,  and 
comfortless,  thousands  of  miles  from  their  native  land,  almost  be- 
yond expectation  of  human  succor,  hope  nearly  annihilated,  the 
shipwrecked  voyagers  retired  to  their  tents,  some  devoutly  to 
prostrate  themselves  in  humble  thankfulness  before  that  merciful 
Being  who  had  so  wonderfully  delivered  them  from  dest,  uction, 
others  to  rest  after  the  oreadful  fatigue  by  which  they  were 
exhausted,  and  some  to  drown  their  cares  in  wine.  In  the  mom- 
ins  the  wreck  had  gone  to  pieces;  and  planks  and  spars  and 
traatever  had  floated  in,  were  eagerly  dragged  on  shore.  No 
sooaor  was  the  unfortunate  ship  broken  up,  than,  deeming  thcin- 


P(WPPMiuSM'wUMMf^lU,iHW 


nnMBacQU) .  uupiiip%jiJ  II-  *\m»wiK0'9ftmmm'ittimhi0li9lm^^ 


iimm^^'- 


ss^ 


■■innuieK  or  tbb  suNDiifRAii. 


8tr 


•m  the  frightful 

in  impenetri^lo 

itUng  away  the 

time  of  need; 

etopinaat  being 

leared,  and  th« 

lity  before  their 

lor,  a«  if  to  ex- 

ir  dreadful  pre- 

rrayed  in  all  its 

it  exertion  wae 

rtitude ;— every 

ected;   and  the 

ously  drifted  by 

ks  and  thunder 

entered  Ike  only 

practicable,  for 

rpendicular  cliffs 

:o  the  height  pf 

8  ncared,  a  raft 

;ove; — at  last  the 

wn  out;  and  the 

been  crushed  in 

}  attenaant,  were 

which  a  few  short 

ely  landed  on  the 

fort  was  made  to 

e:  bales  of  cloth, 

ns,  the  carcass  of 

0,  buckets,  tubs, 
,  and  needles  and 
turned  bed-posts, 
TO  got  on  shore, 
ire  busily  at  work 
the  bed-posts  and 
tents  were  soon 

lungry,  cold,  and 
9  land,  almost  be- 
Y  annihilated,  the 
lome  devoutly  to 
fore  that  merciful 
from  destruction, 
which  they  were 
le.  In  the  morn- 
cs  and  spars  and 
d  on  shore..  No 

1,  deenung  them- 


selTti  tntA  from  the  bonds  of  authority,  many  begtn  to  seoare 
whatever  came  to  land;  and  tho  captain,  officers,  passengers  and 
crew,  were  now  reduced  to  the  same  level,  and  obliged  to  take 
their  turn  to  fetch  water,  and  explore  the  island  for  food.  The 
work  of  exploring  was  soon  over:  there  was  not  a  bird,  nor  a 
fiuadruped,  nor  a  single  tree  to  be  seen!  Ail  was  barren  and 
desolate.  The  low  parts  were  scattered  over  with  stones  and 
sand,  and  a  few  stunted  weeds,  reeds,  fern  and  other  plants. 
The  top  of  the  mountain  was  found  to  consist  of  a  fragment  of 
original  table-land,  very  marshy,  and  full  of  deep  sloughs,  inter- 
sected wHh  small  rills  of  water,  pure  and  pellucid  as  crystal,  and 
a  profusiun  of  wild  parsley  and  celery.  The  prospect  was  one 
dreary  scene  of  destitution,  without  a  single  ray  of  hope  to  re- 
lieve the  misery  of  the  desponding  crew.  After  some  days  the 
dead  cow,  hams  and  cheese  were  consumed,  and  from  one  end  of 
the  Island  to  the  other,  not  a  morsel  of  food  could  bo  seen.  Even 
the  celery  began  to  fail.  A  few  bottles  of  wine,  which,  for  security, 
had  been  secreted  under  ground,  only  remained.  Famine  now  be 
gan  to  threaten ; — every  stone  near  the  sea  was  examined  for  shell 
fish,  but  in  vain.  In  this  extremity,  as  the  Quarter-master's  wife 
was  sitting  at  her  tent  door,  with  tho  child  crying  at  her  breast, 
faint  and  exhausted, — a  group  of -half  starved  seamen  passed  by, 
when  one  of  them  turning  round  exclaimed  "by  —  UuU  wUl  make 
0  drop  of  broth,  if  tuiking  the  turns  up.'"  The  observation  spoke 
daggers  to  the  poor  creature.  On  the  return  of  night,  as  the 
poor  hungry  wretches  were  squatting  in  sullen  dejection  round 
their  fires,  on  a  sudden  hundreds  of  birds  from  seaward  came 
actually  flying  through  tho  flames;  many  fell  dead,  scorched  or 
suffocated,  and  thus  were  the  sufferers  again  rescued  for  a  timi 
from  the  horrors  which  so  imminently  beset  them.  For  several 
nights  in  succession,  similar  flocks  came  in,  and  by  multiplying 
their  fires,  a  considerable  supply  was  secured. 

These  visits  however  ceased  at  length,  and  the  wretched  partpr 
were  again  exposed  to  the  most  severe  privatira.  When  their 
stock  of  wild  fowl  had  been  exhausted  for  mort  than  two  days, 
each  began  to  fear  they  were  now  approachins  that  sad  point  of 
necessity,  when  between  death  and  casting  Tots  who  should  be 
sacrificed  to  serve  for  food  for  the  rest,  no  alternative  remains. 
While  horror  at  the  bare  contemplation  of  an  extremity  so  repulsive 
occupied  the  thoughts  of  all,  the  horizon  was  observed  to  be  sud- 
denly obscured,  and  presently  clouds  of  penguins  lighted  on  the 
island.  The  low  grounds  were  actually  covered;  and  before  the 
evening  was  dark,  the  sand  could  not  be  seen  for  the  numbers  of 
e^gs,  which  like  a  sheet  of  snow,  lay  on  the  surface  of  the  earth! 
The  penguins  continued  on  the  island  four  or  five  days,  when,  as 
if  by  signal,  the  whole  took  their  flight,  and  were  never  seen 
■gain.  A  few  were  killed,  but  the  flesh  was  so  extremely  rank 
uid  nauseous,  that  it  could  not  be  eaUn.    The  eggs  were  nol- 


^w 


iacsa 


OLifM  «r  ntn 


keted,  and  dwwed  in  all  muiner  of  ways,  and  ioppli«d-( 

of  food  for  upwards  of  three  week*.    At  the  oxpiration  of  that 

Criod,  famine  once  more  seemed  inevitable;  the  third  norniae 
gan  to  dawn  upon  the  unfortunate  con^ny,  after  their  atooE 
of  eggs  were  exhausted;  thejr  bad  now  been  without  food  for 
more  than  forty  hours,  and  were  fiunting  and  deieeted,— wiHB,«s 
though  this  desolate  rook  were  really  a  land  of  miracles,  a  nan 
eame  running  up  to  the  eneampment,  with  the  unexpected  and 
joyful  tidings,  that  "  millions  of  sea-eows  had  came  on  shore!" 
The  crew  climbed  over  the  ledge  of  rooks  which  flanked  their 
tents,  and  the  sight  of  a  shoal  of  manatees  immediately  beneath 
them  claddened  their  hearts.  These  came  in  with  the  flood,  and 
were  wft  in  the  puddles  between  the  brdten  rocks  of  the  cove. 
This  supply  continued  for  two  or  three  weeks.  The  flesh  was 
mere  blubber  and  quite  unfit  for  food,  for  not  a  man  could  retain 
it  on  his  stomach,  but  the  liver  was  excellent,  and  on  this  they 
subsisted.  In  the  meantime,  the  carpenter  with  his  gang  had 
constructed  a  boat,  and  four  of  the  men  had  adventured  m  her 
for  Tristan  da  Cunha,  in  hopes  of  ultimately  extricating  their 
fellow  suflerers  from  their  perilous  situation.  Unfortunately  the 
boat  was  lost,  whether  carried  away  by  the  violence  of  the  our- 
rents  that  set  in  between  the  islands,  or  dashed  to  pieces  against 
the  breakers,  was  never  known,  for  no  vestige  of  tne  boat  or  the 
crew  waa  ever  seen.  Before  the  manatees,  however,  ^^gan  lo 
quit  the  shore,  a  aeconv.  boat  was  launced;  and  in  this,  an -oft* 
ear  and  aome  seamen  jnade  a  second  attempt,  and  hai^jr 
aueceeded  in  efiecting  their  landing,  after  much  labor,  on  tba 
island  of  Governor  Glass.  He  received  them  most  cordially,  suid 
with  humanity,  which  neither  time,  nor  place,  nor  total  aedosiMi 
fiom  the  world  had  enfeebled  or  impaired;  he  instantly  launehid 
his  boat,  and,  unawed  by  considerations  of  personal  dagger, 
hastened,  at  the  risk  of  his  life,  to  deliver  his  shr.pwre<3ked  com- 
trymen  from  the  calamities  they  had  so  long  endured.  He  made 
raaeated  trips,  surmounted  all  diffieuttiea,  and  fortunately  suooead' 
ad  in  safely  landing  them  on  his  own  island,  after  they  had  bean 
azposed  for  nearly  three  montha  to  the  horrors  of  a  aitu^ian 
almost  anparalleled  in  the  recorded  aufferinga  of  aaafariiig  mut. 


THE  CLIFFS  OF  DOVER. 

Dover,  a  seaport  town  of  England,  in  the  ooanty  of  Kent,  ia 
aituated  on  a  small  stream  which  falls  into  the  harbor.  It  Uas  in 
a  valley  almost  surrounded  b^  chalky  oliffii,  from  the  precipiiarion 
of  aeoM  of  which  serious  aceidanta  h«y0  fpMiad.    Dover  aoipipta 


-  vi«ueHi^ttKa^m^  iM 


■^ 


lifdi 

ratioB  «f  tiMt 

norniaff 

r  their  •toek 

ithout  food  for 

ted, — ^wlira,«a 

tmIm,  m  nan 

ixpooted  and 

on  shore!" 

flanked  their 

diately  beneath 

the  flood,  aad 

I  of  the  cove. 

The  flesh  was 

an  could  retain 

nd  on  this  they 

his  gan^  had 

ventured  in  her 

sxtricating  their 

nfortunately  the 

nee  of  the  «ar- 

>  pieces  against 

tne  boat  or  the 

rever,  *>  «gan  to 

in  this,  anall- 

pt,  and  han^jr 

cb  labor,  on  toe 

>st  cordially,  «ad 

r  total  aediMisQ 

stantly  launelMMl 

lersonal  danger, 

f.pwresked  cewi- 

ired.    He  made 

iinately  suoeeed- 

r  they  bad  bean 

rs  of  a  sitintian 

'  leafariag  mtn. 


inty  of  Keat,  ia 

urbor.    It  liss  in 

the  precipiiatioc 

I>over< 


TU  cum  ov  BOTia 


chieflf  ^'f  taxtt  long  streets  eouTerging  to  one  point;  the  upper 
part  called  the  town,  and  the  lower  the  pier.  It  is  defended  by 
a  strong  and  spacious  castle,  including  an  area  of  about  thirty- 
five  acres;  and  all  the  neighboring  heights  are  fortified.  It  oe- 
cupies  a  lofty  eminence,  steep  and  rugged  towards  the  town  and 
harbor,  and  presents  a  precipitous  cliff  three  hundred  and  twenty 
feet  higher  than  the  sea.  Some  antiquaries  have  ascribed  its 
origin  to  the  Romans  under  Julius;  aad  it  is  certain  that  a  Roman 
pharos,  or  watch-tower,  whose  site  exhibits  a  modern  redoubt, 
stood  in  the  neighborhood     It  consists  of  numerous  edifices. 


Oonr  OmU* 


among  which  are  many  towers,  erected  at  different  times,  and  all 
designated  by  particular  namea.  The  keep,  which  stands  in  the 
upper  court  is  ninety-two  feet  high,  is  in  good  preservation, 
and  is  used  as  a  magaaine.  Water  is  drawn  from  wells  three 
hundred  and  seventy  feet  deep  to  supply  the  sarrison. 

The  castle  makes  a  distinguished  figure  in  history,  and  was 
once  deemed  impregnable ;  but  it  was  surprised  and  taken  by  a 
very  small  party  of  tte  parliamentary  forces  in  the  reign  of 
Charles  I.  Near  the  edge  of  the  cliff  there  is  a  beautiful  piece 
of  brass  ordnance,  twenty-tour  feet  long,  and  carrying  a  twelve 
pound  ball :  it  is  finely  ornamented  by  figures  in  has  relief,  and 
was  made  at  Utrecht  in  1544.  Among  the  recent  improvements, 
and  fortifications  resulting  irom  the  apprehension  of  invasion  by 
the  French,  are  subterraneous  works  and  casemates  capable  of 
accommodating  two  thousand  men. 

Dover  is  one  of  the  Cinque  Ports.  The  harbor  can  reeeiva 
▼asaala  of  four  hundred  or  »m  huadrad  tMi»,  and  ia  defended  by 


$ 


TBB.XABniBKS  ttnOI. 


ftrong  batttric*.  It  i«  the  prtnciptl  place  of  erabarkation  to 
France,  and  employs  twenty-seven  packet*  for  that  purpose.  Tha 
channel  is  about  twenty-two  miles  wide.  There  are  hot  and  cold 
baths  here,  and  the  town  is  much  resorted  to  in  summer  for  aea- 
bathing.  Samphire  is  still  gathered  from  the  clifTs  as  in  the  days 
of  ShaJcspearo,  and  employed  in  making  a  fme  flavored  -pickle. 

About  six  miles  from  Dover,  between  Bologne  and  Folkstone 
IS  a  narrow  submarine  hill,  called  the  Rip-rapt,  about  a  q,uarte( 
of  a  mile  broad,  and  ten  miles  long,  extending  eastward,  towards 
the  Goodwin  sandii.  Its  materials  are  boulder-stones,  adventitious 
to  many  strata.  The  depth  of  water  on  it,  in  very  low  spring 
tides,  is  only  fourteen  feet.  The  fishermen  from  Folkstone  have 
often  touched  it  with  a  fifteen  feet  oar:  so  that  it  is  justly  the 
dread  of  navigators.  Many  a  tall  ship  has  struck  on  it,  and  sunk 
instantly  into  twenty-one  fathoms  of  water.  In  July,  178S,  the 
Belleisle,  of  sixty-lour  guns,  struck  and  lay  on  it  during  three 
hours;  but,  by  starting  her  beer  and  water,  got  clear  ofiT  It  is 
aaid  that  the  breadth  of  the  straits  between  Dover  and  Calais,  is 
diminishing;  and  that  they  are  two  miles  narrower  than  they  were 
in  ancient  times.  An  accurate  observer  for  fifty  years  remarks 
that  the  increased  height  of  water,  from  a  decrease  of  breadth, 
has  been  apparent,  even  in  that  space. 


1«S  MAUmSKH  HTMir. 


Lsnaeh  thy  buk,  Bfarlner ! 
Chriitum !  God  tneed  Uiec— 
Let  loose  the  rudaer«h«nds 
Good  Mgeb  lead  thee ! 
Bet  thy  Mule  warily, 
Tempests  will  come— 
Steer  thy  berk  stesdily, 
<%riBtiaii !  steer  horns  1 

Look  to  the  wetther-bow,     , 
Breakers  are  round  thee— 
Let  fkll  thy  plummet  now, 
Shallows  mav  ground  thee . 
Reef  in  the  foiesail,  there ! 
Hold  the  helm  fhst!— 
8<v-let  tlie  vessel 
There  swept  the  blast 


Vn>at  of  the  night, 
What  of  the  nights 
<'  Clondy— all  eniat— 
HehadTyek-dl'siiikl^ 


■iiiMi,"*  i|i; 


PW..*  ^i'ljiiiiiwilfc 


a: 


'  cmbarkitioB  to 
Bit  purpose.    Th« 
I  are  hot  end  cold 
Bummer  for  eee- 
ifis  as  in  the  daye 
flavored  pickle. 
le  and  Folketone 
I,  about  a  quartet 
Eastward,  towards 
ones,  adventitious 
I  very  low  spring 
m  Folkstone  have 
at  it  is  justly  the 
ck  on  it,  and  sunk 
[n  July,  1T8S.  the 
on  it  durinp  three 
;ot  clear  oflT    It  is 
iver  and  Calais,  is 
(ver  than  they  were 
illy  years  remarks 
icrease  of  breadth. 


Be  wakeftil-to  vifOHit- 

Dugar  may  be         

At  *n  hour  when  w  iseinssi 
Secunettothee. 

Hew  nine  the  >^  ••*«*' 
Clear  out  the  bold— 
Hoist  up  the  merchandise 
Heave  out  thy  gold! 
Then— let  the  Tngoto  go ! 

Now  the  ahip  rigfit*- 

Husia!  the  harbour  sBser  ' 

Lo!  the  red  lights  t 

SlaekennotMdlyet 
At  Inlet  or  ialand ;  ..__ 

Btiaight  for  the  beaeop  ^, 
Straight  for  the  high-land : 
Crowd  all  thy  canvaw  on, 
Cut  through  the  foam— 
Chritlian !  Cast  ancaor  new- 
Heaven  ia  thy  home '. 


AN  ACCOUNT  OF  THE  WHALE-FISHERY; 

WITH  .«C»OT..  OF  TH.  PAHO.«  ««.  ATT«WNO  «. 

Historians,  in  ge"-^.  J-JS:;;  ^IhcShS'ertS^EnglS! 
ofhavingfirst  practised  the  finery  foMJ«*"J^^^^  ^,,^,,^4  U» 

and  afterwards  the  Dutch  are  '^f^*^^^^"^^^  ,o  early  u 

the  pursuit.    It  was  j?~f,?»»«^^^^^^^  It 

the  ninth  century,  ana  ^X  J^e  kelande«  awu  ^  ^^^^  ^^ 

^Kc^rra7hP%%.«^;^^^^^  ojrorty^o^fifty  «en, 

comprising  several  classes  of  officers   ^uj  fore-roST-men.  land- 

.teerers.  "n«-»'«?'^*'"' /^^I'Siut  tithe  crew  in  the  fishery, 
men,  and  apprentices.  As  a  •»""'»•*;  J"^^^  boys,  besides  his 
every  individual,  rom  ♦«;«  ""»»"  X°f*°  TeryL^  fi-h  cauglft 
monthly  pay,  receives  either  a  gratuiV  lor  e      y  ^^^^^  ^^^ 

during  the  voyage,  or  a  c-^rt""/""  ♦^*^!7,;°  jve  a  small  sum 


mt 


I 


411  ASeOVNT  OV  TU  WBAU»«MUBT. 


top-gallant-auwt  head,  m  •  watch  towtr  for  Um  officer  on  the  look 
cut.  It  it  cloMly  defended  from  the  wind  and  cold,  and  ia  fur« 
niehed  with  a  ■peakioff-trumpet,  a  telescope,  and  rifle.  The  most 
favorable  opportunity  Tor  prosecuting  the  fishery  in  the  Gteenland 
seas,  commonly  occurs  with  north,  north-west  or  west  winds.  At 
such  times  the  sea  is  smooth,  and  the  atmosphere,  though  doudj 
and  dark,  is  generally  free  from  fog  and  snow.  The  fisnera  pre- 
fer a  cloudy  to  a  clear  sky;  because  in  very  bright  weather,  the 
sea  becomes  illuminated,  and  the  sbadowa  of  the  whale-boats  are 
so  deeply  impressed  in  the  water  by  the  beams  of  the  sun  that  the 
whales  are  apt  to  take  the  alarm.  Fogs  are  only  so  far  unfavora- 
ble as  being  liable  to  endanger  the  boats  bv  shutting  out  the  sight 
of  the  ihip.  A  well  constructed  whale-boat  floats  lightly  ud 
safely  on  the  water, — is  capable  of  being  rowed  with  great  speed, 
and  readily  turned  round, — it  is  of  sucn  capacity  that  it  carries 
six  or  seven  men,  seven  or  eight  hundred  weight  of  whale-lines, 
and  various  other  materials,  and  yet  retains  tne  necessary  prop- 
erties of  safety  and  speed.  Whale-boats  being  very  liable  to 
receive  damage,  both  from  whales  and  ice,  are  always  carver- 
bmlt, — a  structure  which  is  easily  repaired.     The  instruments  of 

(general  use  in  the  capture  of  the  whale,  are  the  harpoon  and 
ance.  There  is,  moreover,  a  kind  of  harpoon  which  is  shot  from 
a  gun,  but  bein^  difficult  to  adjust,  it  is  seldom  used.  Each  boat 
is  likewise  furnished  with  a  "jack  "or  flag  fastened  to  «  polr- 
intended  to  be  displayed  u  a  signal  whenever  a  whale  is  harr  )on- 
ed.  The  erew  of  a  whale-sbip  are  separated  into  divisions,  equal 
in  number  to  the  number  of  the  boats.  Each  division,  consisting 
of  a  harpooner,  a  boat-steerer,  and  a  line  manager,  together  witn 
UuTM  or  four  rowers,  constitutes  a  "  boat's  crew." 

On  fishing  statioiis,  when  the  weather  is  such  as  to  render  the 
lljihery  practicable,  the  boats  are  alwavs  ready  for  instant  serviek. 
Tbe  crow's  nest  is  generally  occupied  by  one  of  the  officers,  whb 
keeps  an  anxious  watch  for  the  appearance  of  a  whale.  The  mb- 
aent  that  a  fish  is  seen,  he  gives  notice  to  the  "  watch  uuon  deekj/| 
part  of  whom  leap  into  a  boat,  are  lowered  down,  ana  pash  oa 
tomurde  the  place.  If  the  fish  be  large,  a  second  boat  is  oespstvu- 
•d  to  the  support  of  t!ie  other;  and  when  the  whole  of  the  boats 
.  we  sent  out,  the  ship  »  said  to  have  "  a  loose  fall."  There  are 
several  rules  observed  in  approaching  a  whale  to  prevent  the 
animal  from  taking  the  alarm.  A»  the  whale  is  dull  of  hearing, 
but  quick  of  si^ht,  the  boat-ateerer  always  endeavors  to  ^et  be- 
hind it;  and,  m  accomplishing  this,  he  is  sometimes,  justified Ih 
taking  a  circuitous  rout.  In  calm'  weather,  where  guns  it  not 
used,  the  greatest  caution  ia  necessary  before  a  wnale  can  bb 
Naehed;  smooth  careful  rowing  is  alwajra  raquisite,  and  ebmeti^ck 
■euUing  ia  practised.  It  is  *  primaijr  ^omBderation  with  the  m^ 
pooner,  always  to  place  his  boat  as  near  aa  poarible  to  theiM 
m  whieh  he  eipeets  ^  fiA  to  nm,ni  ht  opmwmJKmtlltim- 


•n*i'iir 


.lAiiWifMir 


"■V>1.#'! 


"m 


iceroothelook 

d,  and  is  fur« 

ifle.    Th«  most 

the  Greenland 

■west  winds.    At 

though  eloadj 

The  fienera  pre- 

ht  weather,  the 

whale-boats  are 

f  the  sun  that  the 

so  far  unfavora- 

ting  out  the  sight 

oats  ligbtlj  and 

with  great  speed, 

ity  that  it  carries 

t  of  whale-linei, 

necessary  prop- 

ig  very  liable  to 

re  always  carver- 

he  instruments  of 

the  harpoon  and 

which  is  shot  from 

used.     Each  boat 

^tened  to  a  pol'^ 

I  whale  is  har<    on- 

ito  divisions,  equal 

livision,  consisting 

iger,  together  witn 

;h  as  to  render  the 
for  instant  servicfe. 
)f  the  officers,  m^p 
I  whale.  The  mb- 
watch  upon  <leck/| 
>wn,  ana  pash  off 
id  boat  is  despstcu- 
whole  of  the  boats 
)fUI."  There  are 
ale  to  prevent  the 
is  dull  of  hearing, 
deavers  to  ^et  be- 
letimes.jotufiediii 
rhere  guns  ar«  not 
e  a  whale  c»d  tft 
ike,  and  stAnetttoA 
ation  wKh  the  Jmi- 

MiTephuBMirillF 


All  AewtfM  0*  m  WHAti-vianM.  Ml 

eessful  in  the  attempt  when  the  fish  "  comes  up  within  a  start," 
that  is,  within  the  distance  of  about  two  hundred  yards. 

Whenever  a  whale  lies  on  the  surface  of  the  water,  unconcieus 
of  the  approach  of  its  enemies,  the  hardy  fisher  rows  directly  upon 
it;  and  an  instant  before  the  boat  touches  it,  buries  his  harpoon 
in  its  back.  The  wounded  whale,  in  the  surprise  and  agony  of 
the  moment,  makes  a  convulsive  effort  to  escape.  Then  is  the 
moment  of  danger.  The  boat  is  subjected  to  the  most  violent 
blows  from  its  head,  or  its  fins,  but  particularly  from  its  ponderous 
tail,  which  sometimes  sweeps  the  air  with  such  tremendous  fury, 
that  both  boat  and  men  are  exposed  to  one  common  destruction. 

The  head  of  the  whale  is  avoided,  because  it  cannot  be  pene- 
trated with  the  harpoon;  but  any  part  of  the  body,  between  the 
head  and  the  tail,  will  admit  of  the  roll  length  of  the  instrument,  with- 
eut  danger  of  obstruction.  The  moment  that  the  wounded  whale 
disappears,  a  flag  is  displayed;  on  si^ht  of  which,  those  on  watch 
in  the  ship,  give  the. alarm,  by  stampioff  on  the  deck,  accompani- 
ed by  shouts  of  "  a  fall."  At  the  sound  of  this,  the  sleeping  crew 
are  roused,  jump  from  their  beds,  rush  upon  deck,  and  crowd 
into  the  boats.  The  alarm  of  "  a  fall,"  has  a  singular  efibct  on 
the  feelincs  of  a  sleeping  person,  unaccustomed  to  hearing  it.  It 
has  often  been  mistaken  as  a  cry  of  distress.  A  landsman,  see- 
ioff  the  erew,  on  an  occasion  of  a-  fall,  leap  into  the  boats  in  their 
shirts,  imagined  that  the  ship  was  sinking.  He  therefore  tried  to 
cet  into  a  boat  himself,  but  every  one  of  them  beiug  fully  manned, 
Ee  was  refused.  After  several  fruitless  endeavors  to  gain  a  place 
.  imong  his  eomrades,  he  cried  out,  in  evident  distress,  "  What 
ihall  1  do? — ^Will  none  of  you  take  me  in?" 

The  first  effort  of  a  "  fast-fish,"  or  whale  that  has  been  struck, 
is  to  escape  from  the  beat  by  sinking  under  water.  After  this, 
k  pursues  its  course  directly  downward,  or  reappears  at  a  little 
listaace,  and  swims  with  great  celerity,  near  (he  surface  of  the 
water.  It  sometimei  returns  instantly  to  the  eurface,  and  gives 
evidence  of  its  agony  by  the  most  convulsive  throes.  The  down- 
ward course  of  a  whale  is,  however,  the  most  common.  A  whale, 
Mnek  near  the  edge  of  any  large  sheet  of  ice,  and  passing  nnder- 
Math  it,  will  sometimes  run  the  whole  of  the  lines  out  of  one  boat. 
The  Ipproaehing  distress  of  a  boat,  for  want  of  line,  is  indicated 
by  the  elevation  of  an  oar,  to  which  is  added  a  second,  a  third,  or 
tten  a  fourth,  in  proportion  to  the  nature  of  the  exigence.  The  ut- 
ttent  care  and  attention  are  requiske,  on  the  part  of  every  person 
in  the  boat,  when  the  line*  are  running  out;  fatal  consequences 
hiving  been  sometintes  produced  by  the  most  trifling  neglect. 
When  the  line  happens  to  "  run  foul,"  and  cannot  be  cleared  on 
IbeinMant,  ft  sometimee  draws  the  boat  under  water;  on  which,  if 
M  aoixUiary  boat,  oreonirvniettt  piece  of  ice,  bie  at  hand,  the  ercfw 
we  phouted  into  the  iea,  and  are  obliged  to  trust  to  their  oar»  or 
Vl^lkffl  in  •wilBiBiag,  ftr  aapporting  tbeiiMhrea  on  tiie  atirftRO 


IHBBBBR*.. 


394 


lOT 


AH   ACeOOlTT  OV  THE  WHALK-rUHSST. 


Captain  Scoretby  relate*  an  accidant  of  tbia  kind,  whioh  hap- 
pened on  bis  firnt  voyace  to  the  whale-fishery.  A  thousand  fath- 
oms of  line  were  already  out,  and  the  fast-boat  was  forcibly  pres- 
sed against  the  side  of  a  piece  of  ice.  The  harpooner,  in  his  anx- 
iety to  retard  the  flight  of  the  whale,  applied  too  many  turns  of 
the  line  round  the  bollard,  which,  getting  entansled,  drew  the 
boat  beneath  the  ice.  Another  boat,  providentially  was  at  hand, 
into  which  the  crew  had  just  time  to  escape.  The  whale,  with 
near  two  miles'  length  of  line,  was,  in  consequence  of  the  acci- 
dent, lost,  but  the  boat  was  recovered. 

The  average  stay  under  water,  of  a  wounded  whale,  is  about 
thirty  minutes.  When  it  re-appears,  the  assisting  boats  make 
for  the  place  with  their  utmost  speed,  and  as  they  reach  it,  each 
harpooner  plunges  his  harpoon  into  its  back,  to  the  amount  of 
three,  four,  or  more,  according  to  the  size  of  the  whale.  It  is 
then  actively  plied  with  lances,  which  are  thrust  into  its  body, 
aiming  at  its  vitall.  The  sea  to  a  great  extent  around  is  dyed 
with  its  blood,  and  the  noise  made  by  its  tail  in  its  dying  strusglt, 
may  be  heard  several  miles.  In  dying,  it  turns  on  its  back  or 
an  it*  side;  which  circumstance  is  announced  b^  the  capturen 
irith  the  striking  of  their  flags,  accompanied  with  three  lively 
Auzxas! 

Whales  are  sometimes  captured,  with  a  single  harpoon,  in  the 
•pace  of  fifteen  minutes.  Sometimes  they  resist  forty  or  fifty  hour*, 
and  at  times  they  will  break  three  or  four  lines  at  once,  or  tear 
themselves  clear  ofi'the  harpoons,  by  the  violence  of  their  strug* 
fie*.  Generally  the  capture  of.  a  whale  depends  on  the  activity 
of  the  harpooner,  the  state  of  the  wind  and  weather;  or  the  pocu- 
liar  conduct  of  the  animal  itself.  Under  the  most  favorable  cir- 
eiunstances,  the  length  of  time  does  not  exceed  an  hour.  The 
general  average  may  be  stated  at  two  hours.  Instances  have  oe- 
eured  where  whales  have  been  taken  without  being  struck  at  all, 
■imply  by  entangling  themselves  in  the  lines  thui  nad  b^en  tti«d 
to  destroy  others,  and  struggling  till  they  wera  drowned  oi  died 
of  exhaustion. 

The  fishery  for  whale*,  when  conducted  at  the  margin  of  thoav 
wonderflil  sheets  of  ice,  called  fields,  is,  when  the  weather  is  fine, 
and  the  refuge  for  ahip*  *ecure,  the  most  agreeabk  and  aeme- 
tint*  the  most  produttive  of  all  other  way*.  When  the  fiehf caa 
be  obaerved  "  blowing; "  in  any  of  the  bole*  in  a  field,  the 
men  travel  over  the  ice  and  attack  it  vrith  lance*,  to  turn  it 
back.  A*  connected  with  thi*  subject.  Captain  Scoresby  r** 
late*  the  following  circumstance,  which  occurred  under  his  own 
observation. 

On  the  eighth  of  July  18  IS,  the  ship  Esk  lay  by  the  edge  of  a 
Itifo  iheet  of  ice,  in  which  there  i>«re  several  thin  part*,  and 
iOBio  hole*.  Here  a  whale  being  heard  blowing,  a  harpoon,  with 
•  Um  fiulomd  to  it,  Waa  oenvayed  aeroia  th*  ioa,  fir^a  a  boat  da 


n. 

iod,  whioh  hap> 

thousand  f«ta- 

as  forcibly  pret- 

oner,  in  hit  uu- 

o  many  turns  of 

led,  drew  the 

\Jy  was  at  hand, 

The  whale,  with 

ence  of  the  acei- 

whale,  is  about 

ting  boats  make 
ley  reach  it,  each 

to  the  amount  of 
the  whale.  It  is 
U8t  into  its  bodjr, 
It  around  is  djred 
its  dying  strugglt, 
ns  on  its  back  or 

b^  the  capturen 
with  three  lively 

le  harpoon,  in  the 
forty  or  fifty  hour*, 
at  once,  or  tear 
ince  of  their  stru^^ 
nds  on  the  activity 
ather;  or  the  pceu- 
nost  favorable  eir* 
led  an  hour.  The 
Instances  have  oo> 
being  struck  at  all, 
hut  nad  b^en  us*d 
B  drowned  ot  died 

lie  margin  of  those 
he  weather  is  fin*, 
reeabk  ;ini  seme- 
When  the  fiiriircaft 
»  in  a  field,  the 
lances,  to  turn  it 
itain  Scoresby  re* 
red  under  his  91m 

f  by  the  edge  of  a 
ral  thin  parte,  nod 
ig,  a  harpoon,  trith 


AK  ACOOCKT  OF  THX   WHALE-riSUBT. 


395 


Suard,  and  the  harpooner  succeeded  in  striking  the  whale,  at  the 
istance  of  three  hundred  and  fifty  yards  from  the  verge.  It  drag- 
ged out  ten  lines,  (2400  yards,)  and  was  supposed  to  be  seen 
blowing  in  different  holes  in  the  ice.  After  some  time  it  made  its 
appearance  on  the  exterior,  and  was  again  struck,  at  the  moment 
it  was  about  to  go  under  the  second  time.  About  an  hundred 
yards  from  the  edge,  it  broke  the  ice  where  it  was  a  foot  thick, 
with  its  head,  and  respired  through  the  opening.  It  then  pi^shed 
forward,  breaking  the  ice  as  it  advanced,  in  spite  of  the  lances 
constantly  directed  against  it.  At  last  it  reached  a  kind  of  basin 
in  the  field,  where  it  floated  on  the  surface  without  any  incum- 
brance from  ice.  Its  back  being  fairly  exposed,  the  harpoon 
•truck  from  the  boat  on  the  outside,  was  observed  to  be  so  slightly 
entangled,  that  it  was  ready  to  drop  out.  Some  of  the  omcers 
lamented  this  circumstance,  and  wished  that  the  harpoon  might 
be  better/a*{;  at  the  same  time  observing  that  if  it  should  slip  out, 
either  the  fish  would  be  lost,  or  they  would  be  unaer  the  necessity 
of  flinching  it  vhere  it  lay,  and  of  dragging  the  blubber  over  the 
ice  to  the  shio;  a  kind  and  degree  of  labor  every  one  was  anxious 
to  avoid.  JVo  sooner  was  the  .wish  expressed,  and  its  importance 
exolained,  fnan  a  young  and  daring  sailor  stepped  forward,  and 
ofiered  to  strike  the  harpoon  deeper.  Not  at  all  intimidated  by 
the  surprise  manifested  on  every  countenance  at  such  a  bold  pro- 
posal, he  leaped  on  the  back  of  the  living  whale,  and  cut  the  bar 
poon  out  with  his  pocket  knife.  Stimulated  by  his  gallant  exam* 
pie,  one  of  his  companions  proceeded  to  his  assistance.  While 
one  of  them  hauled  upon  the  line  and  held  it  in  his  hands,  the 
other  set  his  shoulder  against  the  end  of  the  harpoon,  and  though 
it  was  without  a  stock,  contrived  to  strike  it  again  into  the'  fish 
more  effectually  than  at  first!    The  whale  was  in  motion  before 

■  they  had  finished.  After  they  got  oflTitc  back,  it  advanced  a  con- 
siderable distance,  breaking  the  ice  all  the  way,  and  survived  this 
novel  treatment  ten  or  fifteen  minutes.  This  daring  deed  was  of 
essential  service.  The  whale  fortunately  sunk  spontaneously 
after  it  expired;  on  which  it  was  hauled  out  under  the  ice  .b^  the 
line  and  secured  without  farther  trouble.  It  proved  a  mighty 
whale ;  a  very  considerable  prize. 

When  engaged  in  the  pursuit  of  a  large  whale,  it  is  a  necessary 
precaution  for  two  boats  at  all  times  to  proceed  in  company^  that 
the  one  may_  be  able  to  assist  the  otner,  on  any  emergency. 
With  this  principle  in  view,  two  boats  from  the  £sk  were  sent 
out  in  chase  of  some  large  whales,  on  the  13th  of  June  1814. 
No  ice  was  within  sight.  The  boats  had  proceeded  some  time 
together,  when  they  separated  in  pursuit  of  two  whales,  not  far 
distant  from  each  other;  when,  by  a  singular  coincidence,  the 

,  harpooneis  each  struck  his  fish  at  the  same  moment.  Tke^  were 
a  nule  from  the  ship.  Urgent  signals  for  assistance  were  display- 
ed by  Mch  beat,  and  in  a  thw  ndBittei  one  of  the  harpooBem  wis 


AN  AOCOtTKT  OF  tWt  WBALC  VISIBftT. 


obliged  to  slip  the  end  of  hia  line.  Fortunately  the  other  fieh  did 
not  descend  so  deep,  and  the  lines  in  the  boitf  proved  adequate 
for  the  occasion.  One  of  the  fish  beins  then  supposed  to  be  lost, 
five  of  the  boats  out  of  seven  attended  on  the  nsh  which  yet  re- 
mained entangled,  and  speedily  killed  it.  A  short  time  afterwards, 
the  other  fish  supposed  to  be  lost,  was  descried  at  a  little  distance 
from  the  place  where  it  was  struck; — three  boats  proceeded 
against  it; — it  was  immediately  struck,  and  in  twenty  minutes  also 
killed.  Thus  were  fortunately  captured  two  whales,  both  of  which 
had  been  despaired  of.  They  produced  near  forty  tons  of  oil, 
value,  at  that  time  1400.'.  The  lines  attached  to  the  last  fish  were 
recovered  with  it. 

Before  a  whale  can  hejUnted,  as  the  operation  of  taking  off  the 
fat  and  whalebone  is  called,  some  preliminary  measures  are  requi- 
site. These  consist  in  securing  the  whale  to  a  boat,  cutting  awav 
the  attached  wl)ale-lines,  lashing  the  fins  together,  and  towing  it 
to  the  ship.  Some  curious  circumstances  connected  with  these 
operations,  may  be  mentioned  here. 

In  the  year  1816,  a  fish  was;  to  all  appearance  killed  by  the 
erew  of  the  Esk  The  fins  were  partly  lashed,  and  the  tail  on  the 
point  of  being  ocf  ^d,  and  all  the  lines  excepting  one,  were  cut 
away,  the  fish  m.  r>.  ^v  lyine  as  if  dead.  To  the  alarm,  how- 
ever,  of  the  satlof  i  v  nvea,  began  to  move,  and  pressed  for- 
ward in  a  convulsi  -  :^.:ation;  soon  after  it  sunk  in  the  water  to 
acme  depth,  and  then  died.  One  line  fortunately  remained  attach- 
ed to  it,  by  which  it  was  drawn  to  the  surface  and  secured. 

A  suspension  of  labor  is  generally  allowed  after  the  whale  bu 
been  secured  aside  of  the  ship,  and  before  the  commencement  of 
the  operation  offlenting.  An  unlucky  circumstance  once  occurred 
in  an  interval  of  this  kind.  At  that  period  of  the  fishery,  (forty 
or  fiity  years  ago,)  when  a  single  stout  whale,  together  with  the 
bounty,  wasYound  sufficient  to  remunerate  the  owners  of  a  ship 
for  the  expenses  of  the  voyase,  great  joy  was  exhibited  on  the 
capture  of  a  whale,  by  the  fishers.  They  were  not  only  cheered 
kf  a  dram  o^  spirits,  but  sometimes  provided  with  some  favorite 
**  mess,"  on  which  to  regale  themselves,  before  they  eoramencM 
the  arduous  task  of  flensing.  At  such  a  period,  the.  crew  of  an 
English  vessel  had  captured  their  first  whale.  It  was  taken  to 
,  the  ship,  placed  on  the  lee-side,  and  though' the  wind  blew*  a  strong 
breeze,  it  was  fastened  only  by  a  smaiirope.  aftached  to  the  fio. 
In  this  state  of  supposed  security,  all  hands  retired  to  regale  them* 
•elves,  the  captain  himself  not  Hfttcepted.  The  ship  bsing  at  a 
distanee  from  any  ice,  and  the  fiah  believed  to  be  fast,  they  made 
no  great  haste  in  their  enjoyment.  At  leogthi  the  speekeioneer. 
•r  chief  harpooner,  bavins  spent  sufficient  time  in  inoulgence  ana 
•qtiipment,  with  an  air  ef  importanco  aad  ael^eofidenee,  pre-^ 
•Mded  on  deck,  and  naturally  turned  to  look  on  the  whale.  To 
lUnMloaiahatntitwMnotl«b«c«M.    In  mom  •kun  iio  looked 


llftT. 

the  other  fish  did 
_  proved  adequate 
lupposed  to  be  lost, 
I  fish  which  yet  re- 
|ort  time  afterwards, 

~  at  a  little  distance 
boats  proceeded 
twenty  minutes  also 

lales,  both  of  which 
r  forty  tons  of  oil, 

to  the  last  fish  were 

tion  of  taking  off  the 
measures  are  requi- 
a  boat,  cutting  awajr 
ether,  and  towing  it 
sonnected  with  these 

larance  killed  by  the 
»d,  and  the  tail  on  the 
;epting  one,  were  cut 

To  the  alarm,  how* 
kove,  and  pressed  for* 
t  sunk  in  the  water  to 
itely  remained  attach- 
ice  and  secured, 
ed  after  the  whale  bu 
the  commencement  of 
mstance  once  occurred 
of  the  fishery,  (forty 
lale,  together  with  the 
I  the  owners  of  a  ship 
was  exhibited  on  the 
were  not  only  ehecred 
led  with  some  favorite 
efore  they  eoismencM 
period,  the  crew  of  an 
lale.  It  was  taken  to 
the  wind  blew*  8  strong 
ope.  attached  to  the  fin. 
I  retired  to  regale  them- 

The  ship  being  et  a 
d  to  be  fast,  they  made 
igtht  the  speckeioneer. 
lime  in  indttlgemje  and 
td  aelf>««afidenc«,  pN** 
ook  on  the  whale.  To 
•IwBi  ii«  lookM 


AK  AeeoovT  or  tbi  wbau  risHSRT. 


991 


a-stern,  a*head,  on  the  other  side,  but  his  search  was  useless:  the 
ship  drifting  fast,  had  pressed  forcibly  upon  the  whale,  the  rope 
broke,  the  iishsunk  and  was  lost.  The  mortification  of  this  event 
may  be  conceived,  but  the  termination  of  their  vexation  will  not 
easily  be  imagined,  when  it  is  known,  that  no  othor  opportunity 
of  procuring  a  whale  occurred  during  the  voyage.  The  ship  re- 
turned home  clean. 

Flensing  in  a  twell  is  a  most  difficult  and  dangerous  nndertak« 
ing:  and  when  the  swell  is  at  all  considerable,  it  is  commonly  im- 
practicable. No  ropes  or  blocks  are  capable  of  bearing  the  jerk 
of  the  sea.  The  harpooners  are  anndyed  by  the  surge,  and  re- 
peatedly drenched  in  water;  and  are  likewise  subject  to  be  wounds 
cd  by  the  breaking  of  ropes  or  hooks  of  tackles,  and  even  by 
strokes  from  each  other's  knives.  Henco  accidents  in  this  kind  of 
flensing  are  not  uncommon.  The  harpooners  qpt  unfrequently 
fall  into  the  whale's  mouth,  when  it  is  exposed  by  the  removal  of 
a  surface  of  blubber;  where  they  might  easily  be  drowned,  but 
for  the  prompt  assistance  which  is  always  at  hand. 

One  of  the  laws  of  the  fishery  universally  adhered  to,  is,  that 
whenever  a  whale  is  loose,  whatever  may  be  the  case  or  circum- 
stances, it  becomes  a  free  prize  to  the  Rrst  person  who  gets  hold 
of  it.  Thus,  when  a  whale  is  killed,-  and  the  flensing  is  prevent- 
ed by  a  storm,  it  is  usually  taken  in  tow ;  if  the  rope  by  which  it 
is  connected  with  the  ship  should  happen  to  break,  and  the  people 
of  another  ship  should  seize  upon  it  while  disengaged,  it  becomes 
their  prize.  The  following  circumstance,  which  occurred  a  good 
many  years  ago,  has  a  tendency  to  illustrate  the  existing  Green- 
land laws. 

During  a  storm  of  wind  and  snow  several  ships  were  beating 
to  windward,  under  easy  sail,  along  the  edge  of  a  pack.  When 
the  storm  abated  and  the  weather  cleared,  the  ships  steered  to- 
wards the  ice.  Two  of  the  fleet  approached  it,  about  a  mile  asun- 
der, abreast  of  each  other,  when  the  crews  of  each  ship  accident- 
ally got  siffht  of  a  dead  fuh  at  a  little  distance,  within  some  loose 
ice.  Each  ship  now  made  sail,  to  endeavor  to  reach  the  fish  be- 
fore the  other;  which  fish  being  loose,  would  be  a  prize  to  the  first 
who  could  get  possession  of  it.  JNeither  ship  could  out  sail  the 
other,  but  each  contrived  to  press  forward  towards  the  prize.  The 
littlo  advantage  one  of  them  had  in  distance,  the  other  compensa- 
ted with  velocity.  On  each  bow  of  the  two  ships,  was  stationed  a 
Brincipal  officer,  armed  with  a  iMrpoon  in  readmess  to  discharge, 
ut  it  so  happened  that  the  ships  came  in  contact  with  each  other, 
when  within  a  few  yards  of  the  fish,  and  in  consequence  of  the 
shock  mth  which  their  bows  met,  they  rebounded  to  a  considera- 
ble distance.  The  officers  at  the  same  moment  discharged  their 
oarpoons,  but  all  of  them  fell  short  of  the  fish.  A  hardy  fellow 
who  was  second  mate  of  the  leeward  ship  immediately  leaped  over- 
bou<)  and  with  great  dexterity  swam  to  the  whale,  seized  it  by  the 

39 


HHfjjJPpBP^ 


aPP  4ir  ACOOUHT  Of  THB  WHALB  rilSRBBT. 

Ab,  and  proclaimed  il  his  prize.  "  It  was,  however,  to  swelleB, 
tliat  be  was  unable  to  climb  upon  it,  but  was  obliged  to  remkia 
diivering  in  the  water  until  assistance  should  be  sent.  His  cap- 
tain elated  with  his  good  luck,  forgot,  or  at  least  neglected  his 
brave  second  mate;  and  before  he  thought  of  sending  a  boat  to 
release  him  from  his -disagreeable  situation,  prepared  to  moor  his 
Aip  to  an '  adjoining  piece  of  ice.  Meanwhile  the  other  ship 
tacked,  and  the  master  himself  stepped  into  a  boat,  pushed  off 
and  rowed  deliberately  towards  the  dead  fish.  Observing  the 
trembling  seaman  still  in  the  water  holding  by  the  fin,  he  address- 
ed him  with,  "  Well  my  l|u],  yo»have  got  a  fine  fish  here,"— fto 
which  after  a  natural  reply  in  the  affirmative,  he  added,  "  but 
do*nt  you  find  it  very  cold?" — "Ves,"  replied  the  shivering 
•■ailor,  "I'm  almost  starved.  I  wish  you  would  allow  me  to  come 
into  ;|rour  boat  until  our's  arrive."  This  favor  needed  no  second 
■olicitation ;  the  boat  approached  the  man  and  he  was  assisted  into 
h.  The  fish  beinp(  ogam  loose  and  out  of  possession,  the  captain 
instantly  struck  his  harpoon  into  it,  hoisted  his  flag,  and  claimed 
his  prise!  Mortified  and  displeased  as  the  other  master  felt  ik 
this  trick,  for  so  it  certainly  was,  he  had  nevertheless  no  redress, 
but  was  obliged  to  permit  the  fish  to  be  taken  on  board  of  his 
competitor's  ship,  and  to  content  himself  with  abusing  the  second 
mate  for  want  of  discretion,  and  condemning  himself  for  not 
having  more  compassion  on  the  poor  fellow's  feeling,  which  would 
have  prevented  the  disagreeable  misadventure. 

Those  employed  in  the  occupation  of  killing  whales,  are,  wh«n 
iMStually  engaged,  exposed  to  danger  from  three  sources,  viz.  fi-om 
the  ice,  from  the  climate,  and  from  the  whales  themselves.  The 
iee  is  a  source  of  danger  to  the  fishers,  from  overhanging  nassss 
fidliog  upon  them, — from  the  approximation  of  large  sheets  of  ics 
to  oach  other,  which  are  apt  to  crush  or  upset  the  boats,— from 
thtir  boats  beins  stove  and  sunk  by  lar^e  masses  of  ice,  agitated 
lljrB  swell, — and  from  the  boats  being  enclosed  and  beset  in  a 
p|ek  of  ice,  and  their  crews  thus  prevented  from  jmsing  Ihfit 

On  the  commencement  of  a  heavy  gale  of  wind,  May  lltb. 
1913,  fourteen  men  put  off  in  a  boat  from  the  Volunteer  of  Whit* 
^,  with  the  view  of  setting  an  anchor  in  a  large  piece  of  iee,  to 
tniich  it  was  their  intention  of  mooring  the  snip.  Tbe  ebip 
■pproBched  on  a  signal  being  made,  the  sails  were  clewed  ap, 
aao  a  rope  fixed  to  the  anchor;  but  the  ice  shivering  with  tbe  yio* 
lenee  of  the  strain  when  the  shl^  fell  astern,  the  anchor  flew  out 
■ad  the  ship  went  adrift.  The  sails  being  again  set,  the  ship  was 
reached  to  the  eastward  ^wind  at  nortli\  the  distance  of  about 
two  miles;  but  in  attempting  to  wear  and  return,  the  ship,  ioetead 
9t  pirforming  the  evolution,  eeudded  a  cooeiderable  diataaee  to 
IImi  Yee#ard,  and  wee  then  reaoUng  out  to  eea;  tbua  leavin|ftttr> 
Sn  ^  %  «rew  t9  a  l^itoMtlirfiMtl,  tbf  ftdUatfil  ^«j# 


rtt,  •oswoUeB, 
lUged  to  remium 
wot.  HU  cw- 
ift  neglected  hit 
ending  a  boat  to 
>ared  to  moor  hw 
le  tbc  other  ahb 

boat,  putbed  off 

Obaorving  the 

liefin,  headdree*- 

ie  fish  here,"-tto 

he  added,  "but 
lied  the  shivering 
d  allow  me  to  come 
needed  no  eecooa 
.e  was  aasiited  into 
tession,  the  captain 
»  flag,  and  claimed 
ther  maater  felt  « 
rthelett  no  «*][«••• 
en  on  board  of  h« 
abusing  the  secoM 
kg  himself  for  not 
reeling,  which  would 

ig  whales,  are,  ^W 
ree  sources,  vi*.  nom 
es  themselves.  The 
overhanging  *oMf» 
of  large  sheets  of  ics 

get  the  boats,-7froin 
asses  of  ice,  agitrted 
losed  and  beset  to  • 
led  from  joining  thfir 

ofwind,  M«r  11^. 
le  Volunteer  of . WiBt* 

,  Urge  piece  of  >o«.w 

iafls  w»re  clewed  np. 

shivering  with  tto  .^J• 
m,  the  anchor  flew  o»i 

again  set.  the  ahipwei 

-•turn,  the  ship,  »"«••■ 
^d^rable  **««2Li 


IM  AOOOVlfT  or  THl  VHUUI  flfaBBlf.  ^■' 

seemed  almost  inevitable.  The  temperature  of  the  air  wa«  15* 
or  16°  of  Fahr.,  when  these  poor  wretches  were  left  upon  a  de- 
tached piece  of  ice,  of  no  considerable  magnitude,  without  food, 
without  shelter  from  the  inclement  storm,  deprived  of  every  means 
of  refuge  except  in  a  single  boat,  vrhich,  on  account  of  the  nunc* 
ber  of  men,  and  the  .violence  of  the  storm,  was  incapable  of 
conveying  them  to  their  ship.  Death  stared  them  in  the  face 
whichever  way  they  turned,  and  a  division  in  opinion  ensued. 
Some  were  wishful  to  remain  on  the  ice,  but  the  ice  could  aflbrd 
them  no  shelter  to  the  piercing  wind,  and  would  probably  be 
broken  to  pieces  by  the  increasing  swell;  others  were  anxious  to 
attempt  to  join  their  ship  while  she  was  yet  in  sight,  but  the 
force  of  the  wind,  the  violence  of  the  sea,  the  smaUness  of  the 
boat  in  comparison  to  the  number  of  men  to  be  conveyed,  were  • 
objections  which  would  have  appeared  insurmountable  to  any 
person  but  men  in  a  state  of  despair.  Judging,  that  by  remaining 
on  the  ioe,  death  was  but  retarded  for  a  fitw  hours,  as  the  extreme 
cold  must  eventually  benumb  their  faculties,  and  invite  a  sleep 
which  would  overcome  the  remains  of  animation, — they  determin* 
ed  on  making  the  attempt  of  rowing  to  their  ship.  Foor  souls, 
what  must  have  been  their  sensations  at  that  moment, — when  the 
spark  of  hope  yet  remaining  was  so  feeble,  that  a  premature 
death  even  to  themselves  seemed  inevitable.  The^  made  the 
daring  experiment,  when  a  few  minutes'  trial  convinced  them, 
that  the  attempt  was  utterly  impracticable.  They  then  with  long- 
ing eyes,  turned  their  efforts  towards  recovering  the  ice  they 
had  left,  but  their  utmost  exertions  were  unavailing.  Every  one 
now  viewed  his  situation  as  desperate;  and  anticipated,  as  certain, 
the  fatal  event  which  was  to  put  a  period  to  his  life.  How  great 
mutt  have  been  their  delight,  and  now  overpowering  their  sensa* 
tions,  when  at  this  most  critical  juncture  a  ship  appeared  in  sight  I 
She  was  advancing  directly  towards  them;  their  voices  were  ex- 
tended and  their  flag  displayed.  Bat  although  it  was  impossible 
they  should  be  heani,  it  was  not  impoarible  they  should  be  seen. 
Their  flag  was  descried  by  the  people  on  board  the  ship,  their 
mutual  courses  were  so  directed  as  to  form  the  speediest  union, 
and  in  a  few  minutes  they  found  themselves  on  the  deck  of  tb« 
Lively  of  Whitby,  under  eirenmstances  of  safety!  They  receiv- 
ed from  their  townsmtn  the  wannest  congratulations;  and  while 
each  individual  was  forward  in  contributii^  his  usiMance  towards 
the  restoration  of  their  benumbed  bodies,  each  appeared  aenuble 
that  their  narrow  escape  from  death  was  highlv  providential.  The 
forbearance  of  God  is  wonderflil.  Perhaps  these  very  men  a  ft* 
hours  before,  were  impiously  invoking  their  own  destruction,  « 
venting  imprecations  upon  their  fellow  beings!  True  it  la  tbr 
the  goodness  of  the  ▲bnlghty  exteodotb  over  all  his  works,  anp 
that  wbUe  'Mtrey  ie btf  4«rll9f  •ttribotf,'— •  JadlgnMat  ts  kli 
Miuge  Urorii.' 


S4D 


^  ,CCOm«  0,  T«  WH.«  «.H«T. 


?°^"*^int  StuS  him  by  a  turn  7«°;^^^'»i.^6  dear!"  when 
in  an  instant  caugu*  ^  ^j^  i,ne,  —    '-' 

U  h"P°n  •  ck  the  To.*  »»  »»'«  T^n*  *td  C    n  a  miient 


;:Trown  tow«d.  the"  no-«^„,,e     ,.  one 
jgen  or  unshipped  «>?  "«e  oio  ^j.  ^j^^  ^j  ^ 

'*"''![!lw;^iined;  with  wWc^-.T"?  considerable  penod 

oar  onljr  w«|"°^ »    »„  .„n,oach  him.         *i?°"  u:-.  — .iatance. 


who?  they  '•»fi*i^arpriild  o".en.ation     On  !»«  "^'^'J  fro«» 
over  an  oar,  •»""»;  Affile  condition.    His  clothes  were  i^ 


AH  AGcouirr  or  ths  wbau  rtsaiBT. 


m 


rhale-fisher,  when 

the  object  of  his 

its  protection,  the 

of  character.    A 

je  greater  part  of 

:s  capture,  must  be 

I  part  of  the  whale, 

part  of  the  fishers. 

Whitby,  when  en- 

previously  strt^ck  a 

his  feet  that  he  had 

awn  out  by  the  fitii. 

ale  to  dart  suddenly 

>en«ath  his  feet,  and 

body.     He  had  but 

' «« O  dear!"  when 

•ard,  and  never  seen 
It,  but  without  avail, 
id  died;  from  whence 
onnected  with  it,  and 

>pen  lake  of  water,  in 
keen  frost  and  strong 
I  appeared,  and  a  boat 
le  surface  of  the  sea,  it 
0  tail,  which  nucceeded 
[id  by  its  reaction,  pro- 
be line  in  a  moment 
iw  threw  some  of  theii' 
"which  he  fortunately 
isidei  able  distance,  and 
om  him,  the  harpoonei 
im  from  his  dangerous 
erformed,  than  to  thtir 
liat  in  consequence  of 
floating  comrade,  and 
blow  from  the  fish,  one 
\ie  force  of  the  wind, 
considerable  period 
ii,  afford  him  assistance, 
he  purpose.    At  length, 
rith.  his  arras  stretched 
.     On  his  arrival  at  the 
His  clothes  were  frozen 
let  of  ice.    Ho  was  ii» 
othes  taken  off,  his  limbs 
rdial  admini«terjB4  to  bun 
ags  were  then  put  upon 


him,  and  he  was  laid  in  the  captain's  bed.  After  a  few  hann, 
sleep  he  awoke,  and  appeared  considerably  restored,  but  conn . 
plained  of  a  painful  sensation  of  cold.  He  was,  therefore,  re- 
moved  to  his  own  birth,  and  one  of  his  messmates  ordered  to  lit 
on  each  side  of  him,  whereby  the  diminished  circulation  of  the 
blood  was  accelerated,  and  the  animal  heat  restored.  The  shock 
on  his  constitution,  however,  was  greater  than  was  anticipated. 
He  recovered  in  the  course  of  a  few  days,  so  as  to  be  able  to  en« 
gage  in  his  ordinary  pursuits;  but  many  months  elapsed,  before 
nis  countenance  exhibited  its  wonted  appearance  of  health. 

I'he  Aimwell  of  Whitby,  while  cruising  the  Greenland  seu, 
'  «'  year  1810,  had  boats  in  chase  of  whales  on  the  36th  of 
Jnay.  One  of  them  was  harpooned.  But  instead  of  sinking 
imr>»diately  on  receiving  the  wound,  as  is  the  most  usual  manner 
of  the  whale,  this  individual  only  dived  for  a  moment,  and  rose' 
again  beneath  the  boat,  struck  it  in  the  most  vicious  manner  with 
its  fins  and  tail,  stove  it,  upset  it,  and  then  disappeared.  The 
crew,  seven  in  number,  got  on  the  bottom  of  the  boat;  but  the 
unequal  action  of  the  lines,  which  for  some  time  remained  entan< 

S'ed  with  the  boat,  rolled  it  occasionally  over,  and  thus  plunged 
e  crew  repeatedly  into  the  water.  Four  of  them,  after  each 
immersion,  recovered  themselves  and  clung  to  the  boat;  but  the 
other  three,  one  of  whom  was  the  only  person  acquainted  with 
the  art  of  swimming,  were  drowned  before  assistance  could  ar- 
rive. The  four  men  on  the  boat  being  rescued  and  convoyed  to 
the  ship,  the  attack  on  the  whale  was  continued.  «nd  two  more 
harpoons  struck.  But  the  whale  irritated,  instead  of  belns  ener« 
vated  by  its  wounds,  recommenced  its  furious  conduct.  The  sea 
was  in  a  foam.  Its  tail  and  fins  were  in  awful  play;  and  in  e 
short  tinoe,  harpoon  after  harpoon  drew  out,  the  fish  was  loosened 
from  its  entanglements  and  escaped. 

In  the  fishery  of  1813,  the  Henrietta  of  Whitby  suffered  a 
similar  loss.  A  fish  which  was  struck  very  near  the  ship,  by  a 
blow  of  its  tail,  stove  a  small  hole  in  the  boat's  bow.  .  Every  in- 
dividual  shrinking  from  the  side  on  which  the  blow  was  impressed, 
aided  the  influence  of  the  stroke,  and  upset  the  boat.  They  all 
clung  to  it  while  it  was  bottom  up;  but  the  line  having  got  entan- 
gled  among  the  thwarts,  suddenly  drew  the  boat  under  water,  and 
with  it  part  of  the  crew.  Excessive  anxiety  among  the  people  in 
the  ship,  occasioned  delay  in  sending  assistance;  so  that  when 
the  first  boat  arrived  at  the  spot,  two  survivors  only  out  of  tax 
men  were  found. 

During  a  fresh  gale  of  wind  in  the  season  of  1809,  one  of  the 
Resolution's  harpooners  struck  a  sucking  whale.  Its  mother  be- 
ing near,  all  the  other  boats  were  disposed  around,  with  the  hope 
orentangling  it.  The  old  whale  pursued  a  circular  route  round 
its  cub,  and  was  followed  by  the  boats;  but  its  velocity  was  to 
eoaaiderable,  that  Uiey  were  unable  to  keep  pace  with  it.    Being 


M 


AR  AOeOVRT  OV  TU  WRALI  risnKT. 


in  the  eapaeitj  of  btrpooner  on  thia  occasion  myself,  I  proe— de4 
to  the  chase,  after  having  carefully  marked  the  proceedings  of 
the  fish.  I  selected  a  situation,  in  which  I  conceived  ifae  whale 
wovid  make  its  appearance,  and  was  in  the  act  of  directing  my 
crew  to  cease  rowing,  when  a  terrible  blow  was  struck  on  the 
boat.  The  whale  I  never  saw,  but  the  efibct  of  the  blow  was  too 
important  to  be  overlooked.  About  fifteen  square  teet  of  the  bot- 
tom of  the  boat  were  driven  in;  it  filled,  sunl,  and  upset  in  a 
moment.  Assistance  was  providentially  at  hand,  so  that  wo  wdr« 
aU  taken  up  without  injury,  after  being  but  a  few  minutes  in  the 
tnUer.  The  whale  escaped;  the  boat's  lines  fell  out  and  were 
lost,  but  the  boat  was  recovered. 

A  remarkable  instance  of  the  power  which  the  whale  possesses 
in  its  tail,  was  exhibited  within  my  own  observation,  in  the  year 
1807.  On  the  39th  of  May,  a  whale  was  harpooned  by  an  omcer 
belonging  to  the  Resolution.  It  descended  a  considerable  depth ; 
and,  on  its  re-appearance,  evinced  an  uncommon  degree  of  irrita- 
tion! It  made  such  a  display  of  its  fins  and  tail,  that  few  of  the 
crew  were  hardy  enough  to  approach  it.  The  captain,  (Captain 
Scorcsby'a  father,)  observing  their  timidity,  called  a  boat,  and 
himself  struck  a  second  harpoon.  Another  boat  immediately 
followed,  and  unfortunately  advanced  too  far.  The  tail  was  again 
reared  into  the  air,  in  a  terrific  attitude, — the  impending  blow  was 
evident, — the  harpooner,  who  was  directly  underneath,  leaped 
overboard, — and  tne  next  moment  the  threatened  stroke  was  wh 
pressed  on  the  centre  of  the  bopt,  which  it  buried  in  the  water. 
Happily  no  one  was  injured.  The  harpooner  who  leaped  over* 
bor.rd,  escaped  certain  death  bv  the  act,— ^the  tail  having  sb  uck 
tb(  very  spot  on  which  he  stooilo  The  effects  of  the  blow  were 
•si  tqiening.  The  keel  was  broken,'— the  gunwales,  and  every 
pli  ak,  exceptmg  two,  were  out  tiirough,— and  it  was  evident  that 
th"  boat  would  have  been  conapletely  divided,  had  not  the  tail 
tb  lek  directly  upon  a  coil  "or  lines.  The  boat  was  rendered 
iw  deis. 

Instances  of  disasters  of  this  kind,  occasioned  by  blows  from 
tb )  whale,  could  be  adduced  in  great  numbers,— cases  of  boats 
befng  destroyed  by  a  single  stroke  of  the  tail,  are  not  unknown, 
—instances  of  boats  having  been  stove  or  upset,  and  their  crews 
wholly  or  in  part  drowned,  are  not  uofrequent, — and  several 
cases  of  whales  having  made  a  regular  attack  upon  every  boat 
which  came  near  them,  dashed  some  in  pieces,  and  kiUed  or 
drowned  some  of  the  people  iu  them,  have  occurred  within  a  few 
years,  even  under  my  own  observatioB. 

The  Dutch  ship  Gort-MooleD,  commanded  bv  Cornelius  Gerard 

•Ottwekaas,  with  a  cnrao  of  sAven  6A,  waa  anchored  in  GreenlaAril 

in  the  year  1660.    lie  eantain,  perceiving  a  whide  a-headof 

hia  ship,  beckoned  bis  att«nMnt««  |uid  threw  biniMtf  into  a  boat 

fie  was  the  first  to'  ipproask  the  wbida$  and  was  fortonate 


UT. 

fttHf,  I  procMdacI 

!  proceeding*  of 

Iceived  ihe  whale 

of  directing  my 
rae  struck  on  the 
'  the  blow  was  too 
sreleet  of  the  bot- 

and  upset  in  a 
,  so  that  wewdre 
ew  minutes  in  the 
fell  out  and  were 

le  whale  posMsses 

ation,  in  the  year 

Doned  by  an  omcer 

sonriiderable  depth ; 

ion  degree  of  irrita- 

ail,  that  few  of  the 

captain,  (Captain 

called  a  boat,  and 

boat  immediately 

The  tail  was  again 

impending  blow  was 

luudemeath,  leaped 

!oed  stroke  was  im^ 

luried  in  the  water. 

r  who  leaped  over» 

I  tail  having  sbuek 

I  of  the  blow  were 

inwales,  and  every 

i  it  was  evident  that 

id,  had  not  the  tail 

boat  was  rendered 

>ned  by  blows  from 
irs, — eases  of  boats 
,  are  not  unknown, 
let,  and  their  crews 
|uent, — and  several 
3k  upon  every  boat 
sees,  and  killed  or 
curred  within  a  few 

>y  Cornelius  Gerard 
snored  in  Greenlaftd 
a  whide  a-headof 
mn|«if  iataa  boat 
and  was  rortonate 


AM  Accotrirt  6t  TBI  wkktk  rmnr. 

enough  to  harpoon  it  before  the  arrival  of  the  second  boat,  which 
was  on  the  advance.  Jacques  Vienkes,  who  had  the  direction  of 
it,  joined  bis  captain  immediately  afterwards,  and  prepared  to 
tnake  a  second  attack  on  the  fiah,  when  it  should  remount  agalu 
to  the  surface.  At  the  moment  of  its  ascension,  the  boat  of 
Vienkes  happening  unfortunately  to  be  perpendicularly  above  it, 
was  ao  suddenljr  and  forcibly  lifted  up  by  a  stroke  of  the  head  of 
the  whale,  that  it  was  dashed  to  pieces  before  the  harpooner  6oald 
discharge  his  weapon.  Vienkes  flew  along  with  the  pieces  of  the 
boat,  and  fell  upon  the  back  of  the  animal.  This  mtrepid  soIf 
mau,  who  still  retained  his  weapon  in  his  grasp,  harpoone4  the 
whale  on  which  he  stood;  and,  by  means  of  the  harpoon  and  tho 
line,  which  he  never  abandoued,  he  steadied  himself  firmly  upon 
tho  fisn,  notwithstanding  his  hazardous  situation,  and  regardleaa 
of  a  eodsideriible  wound  that  he  received  in  his  leg,  in  his  fliU 
along  with  the  fragments  of  the  boat.'  All  the  eflbrts  of  the  oth«r 
boats  to  approach  the  whale,  and  deliver  the  harpooner,  were 
futile.  The  captain,  not  seeing  any  other  method  of  aaving  Ms 
unfortunate  companion,  who  was  in  some  way  entangled  with  the 
line,  called  to  him  to  cut  it  with  his  knife,  »nd  betake  himself  (o 
swimming.  Vienkes.  embarrassed  and  disconcerted  ai  he  wpa, 
tried  in  vain  to  followKhis  counsel.  His  knife  was  in  the  pockiit 
of  his  drawer) ;  and,  being  unable  'to  support  himself  with  on* 
hand,  he  could  not  get  it  out.  The  whale,  mv'tanwhile,  contiiH 
ued  advancing  along  the  surface  of  the  water  with  great  rapiditJit 
but  fortunately  never  attempted  to  dive.  While  his  comradMi 
despaired  of  his  life,  the  harpoon  by  which  he  held,  at  length  dia>- 
engaged  itself  from  the  body  of  the  whale.  Vienkes  being  thai 
liberated,  did  not  fail  to  take  advantage  of  this  circuihstance;  ho 
cast  himself  into  the  sea,  and,  by  swimming,  endeavored  to  regain 
the  boats  which  continued  the  pursuit  of  the  whale.  When  hii 
shipmates  perceived  him  struggling  with  the  waves,  they  redoubledl 
their  exertions.  Thev  reached  him  just  as  his  strength  wait  ^^ 
hausted,'and  had  the  happiness  of  rescuing  this  adventurous  ttit^ 
pooner  from  his  perilous  situation. 

Captain  Lyons  of  the  Raith  of  Leith,  while  prosecuting  fn| 
whale-fishery  on  the  Labrador  coast,  in  the  season  of  1802,  dii* 
covered  a  large  whale  at  a  short  distance  from  the  ship.  Fouf 
boats  were  despatched  in  pursuit,  and  two  of  them  succeeded  in 
approaching  it  so  closely  together,  that  two  harpoons  were  strucik 
at  the  same  moment.  The  fish  descended  a  few  fathoms  in  tho 
direction  of  another  of  the  boats,  which  was  on  the  advance,  roaO 
accidentally  beneath  it,  struck  it  with  its  head',  and  threw  the  bo«^, 
men,  and  apparatus,  about  fifteen  feet  into  the  air.  It  was  iover(> 
eiby  the  stroke,  ud  fell  into  this  water  with  its  k«el  upw»rdi 


1 


^^^^^ms': 


■',>^:j;r,v'?'; 


■■ 


nm 


SM 


An  ACCOUNT  or  THB  WHALB  risHunr 


fith  waa  lAon  afterwards  killed.     The  following  engranDg  la 
Uluatrative  of  this  remarkable  aQcident. 


Perhapti  one  of  the  moat  remarkable  instances  of  the  destrae< 
tion  of  a  vessel  by  a  whale,  is  that  of  the  sh'  EUsex,  which  sailed 
from  Nantucket  about  the  year  1820.  She  was  commanded  by 
Captain  Pollard,  and  had  entered  the  Pacific  Ocean,  where  she 
was  employed  some  time  in  catching  whales.  One  day  the  sea< 
men  harpooned  a  young  whale.  In  this  species  the  afiection  of 
the  mother  towards  its  young,  Mt  very  strong ;  as  was  evinced  in  a 
nmarkable  manner  on  this  occasion.  When  the  mother  of  the 
young  whale  found  that  her  progeny  was  killed,  she  wont  to  some 
diatalKe  from  the  ship,  and  then,  rushing  through  the  water,  came 
UPlUst  the  stern  of  the  vessel  with  the  greatest  violence.  So 
Miimdo'ab  was  the  force  of  the  shock,  that  several  of  the  timbers 
Wfn  loosened,  and  the  vessel  pitched  ami  reeled  on  the  water,  as 
if  struck  by  a  whirlwind.  Nor  was  the  whale  satisfied  with  this. 
Again  she  went  to  the  distance  of  nore  than  a  mile,  and  then, 
shooting  through  the  waves  with  incredible  swiftness,  came  like  a 
thun:i!erbolt  upon  the  bow  of  the  vessel.  The  timbers  were  in- 
stantly beaten  in,  and  the  ship  began  to  fill  with  water.  Scarcely 
had  the  crew  sufficient  time  to  get  into  their  boat,  before  she  went 
down.  In  this  sudden  and  frightful  situation,  the  poor  seamen 
now  found  themselves.  They  were  upon  the  wide-heaving  and 
perilous  ocean  in  an  open  boat,  and  far  from  any  land.  If  the 
whale  had  come  upon  them  in  the  condition  they  were  now  in, 
tlMjr  must  have  inevitably  perished.    But  they  law  no  more  of  tho 


Air  AccocHT  or  Tn  whau  yisnBT. 


9ii 


ring  engraTiog  u 


ices  of  the  deftnie< 
Essex,  which  sailed 
was  couunanded  by 
c  Ocean,  where  she 
One  day  the  sea< 
cies  the  affection  of 
;  as  was  evinced  in  a 
n  the  mother  of  the 
led,  she  went  to  some 
ough  the  water,  came 
reatest  violence.  So 
several  of  the  timbers 
eeled  on  the  water,  as 
lie  satisfied  with  this, 
in  a  mile,  and  *heo, 
swiftness,  came  like  a 
rhe  timbers  were  in- 
with  water.  Scarcely 
boat,  before  she  went 
tion,  the  poor  seamen 
the  wide-heavins  *ni 
om  any  land,  if  the 
n  they  were  now  in, 
ey  saw  no  more  of  the 


m  )BSter.  Captain  Pollard  and.hii  men  for  several  dajra  auflTcrad 
severe  hardships  from  the  weather,  and  from  a  want  of  water  and 
food.  At  lensth  the  delightful  vision  of  another  ship  broke  upon 
f}  cir  sight.  They  were  all  taken  on  board,  and  finally  reaeMd 
their  native  country  in  safety. 

In  1823,  two  boats  belonging  to  the  ship  Baffin  went  in  pursuit 
of  a  whale.  John  Carr  was  harpooner  and  commander  of  one  of 
them.  The  whale  they  pursued  led  them  into  a  vast  shoal  c^*  Ua 
own  species;  they  were  so  numerous  that  their  blowing  was  in- 
cessant, and  they  believed  that  they  did  not  see  fewer  than  an 
hundred.  Fearful  of  alarming  them  without  striking  any,  they 
remained  for  a  while  motionless.  At  last,  one  'rose  near  Carr'a 
boat,  and  he  approached,  and  fatally  for  himself,  harpooned  it. 
When  he  struck,  the  fish  was  approaching  the  boat;  and,  passing 
very  rapidly,  jerked  the  line  out  oC  its  place  over  the  stern,  and 
threw  it  upon  the  gunwale.  Its  pressure  in  this  unfavorable 
position  so  careened  the  boat,  that  the  side  was  pulled  under 
water,  and  it  began  to  fill.  In  this  emergency,  Carr,  who  was  a 
brave,  active  man,  seized  the  line,  and  endeavored  to  relieve  the 
boat  by  restoring  it  to  its  place;  but,  by  some  circumstance  which 
was  never  accounteijl  for,  a  turn  of  the  line  flew  over  his  arm, 
dragged  him  overboard  in  an  instant,  and  drew  him  under  the 
water,  never  more  to  rise.  So  sudden  was  the  accident,  that  only 
one  man,  who  was  watching  him,  saw  what  had  happened ;  so  thttt 
when  the  boat  righted,  which  it  immediately  did,  though  half  full 
of  water,  the  whole  crew  on  looking  round  inquired  what  had 
become  of  Carr.  It  is  impossible  to  imagine  »  death  more  awful- 
ly sudden  and  unexpected.  The  invisible  bullet  could  not  have 
effected  more  instantaneous  defetruction.  The  velocity  of  the 
whale  at  its  first  descent  is  from  thirteen  to  fifteen  feet  per  sec- 
ond. Now  as  this  unfortunate  man  was  adjustyig  the  line  at  the 
water's  very  edge,  where  it  must  have  been  perfectly  tight,  owing 
to  its  obstruction  in  running  out  of  the  boat,  the  interval  between 
the  fantening  the  line  about  him  and  his  disappearance  eouU^oot 
have  exceeded  the  third  part  of  a  second  of  time,  for  in  one  aec- 
ond  only  he  must  have  been  dragged  ten  or  twelve  feet  deep. 
Indeed  he  had  not  time  for  the  least  exclamation ;  and  the  person 
who  saw  his  removal,  observed  that  it  was  so  exceeding  quick, 
that  though  hia  eye  was  upon  him  at  the  moment,  he  could 
scarcely  distinguish  his  figure  as  he  disappeared. 

As  soon  OS  the  crew  recovered  from  their  consternation,  they 
applied  themselves  to  the  needful  attention  which  the  tinea  re- 
quired. A  second  harpoon  was  struck  from  the  accompanying 
boat  on  the  raising  of  tho  whale  to  the  surface,  and  some  lances 
were. applied,  but  this  melancholy  occurrence  had  cast  such  a 
damp  on  all  present,  that  they  became  timid  and  inactive  in  their 
subsequent  duties.  The  whale  when  nearly  exhausted  was  allow- 
ed to  remain  some  minutes  unmolested,  till  having  recovered  some 


^^m^: 


mum 


iM  itfis  d#  noi  twM. 


fligrti  6t  «tl4rgf,  it  made  a  Tiotoal  •fTort  iiM  t«r«  itaalf  twij 
fton  both  harpoon*.  Tkii  axartiona  of  the  crewa  that  provad 
iVaitlfsa,  and  were  attendad  with  aerioaa  lou. 

Innumerable  imtaneea  might  be  adduced  of  the  perila  and  dia« 
aster*  to  which  our  whalemen  are  rabjeet;  of  their  never  tiring 
fortitude  and  daring  enterpriae;  but  we  believe  the  example*  we 
have  given  atoue  will  suAciently  convey  a  full  and  correct  idea 
of  the  custooM  and  danger*  of  the  whale«fi*hery. 


THE   LOSS  OF  THE   PEGGY. 


y,  commanded  b 
aterford,  Irela 


7 

nd, 


On  the  38th  of  September,  1786,  the  Poj 
Captain  Knight,  sailed  from  the  harbor  of 
for  the  port  ot'  New  York,  in  America. 

Here  it  i*  necesaary  to  obaerve,  that  the  Peggy  was  a  large 
unwieldy  Dutch-built  ship,  about  eight  hundred  tons  burden,  and 
had  formerly  been  In  the  Norway,  and  timbdr  trade,  for  which, 
indeed,  she  seemed,  from  her  immenae  bulk,  well  calculated. 
There  being  no  freight  in  readiness  for  America,  we  were  under 
the  necessity  of  taking  in  ballast:  which  consisted  of  coarso  gravel 
and  sand,  with  about  fifty  casks  of  stores,  fresh  stock,  and  vege- 
tables, sufficient  to  last  during  the  voyage;  having  plenty  of  room, 
and  having  been  most  abundantly  supplied  by  the  hospitable 
neiffhbourhood,  of  which  we  were  about  to  take  our  leave. 

We  weighed  anchor,  and  with  the  assistance  of  a  rapid  tide  and 
pleasant  breeze,  soon  gained  a  tolerable  offing:  we  continued 
ander  easy  sail  the  remaining  part  of  the  day,  and  towards  suu- 
aet  lost  *ight  of  land. 

8tj4.  d9th,  made  the  old  head  of  Kingsale;  the  weather  con> 
tinning  favorable,  w«j  shortly  came  within  sight  of  Cape  Clear, 
from  whence  we  took  our  departure  from  the  coast  of  Ireland. 

Nothing  material  occurred  for  several  days,  during  which  time 
w«  traversed  a  vast  space  of  the  Weitern  C5cean. 

Oct.  12th,  the  weather  now  became  hazy  and  squally  ;>-8ll 
hands  turned  up  to  reef  topsails,  and  strike  top'gallant-yards.  — 
Towards  night  the  squalls  were  more  fVequent,  indicating  an  ap- 
proaching gale: — We  accordingly  clued,  reefed  top-sails,  and 
■truck  top-gallant-masts;  and  having  made  all  snug  aloft,  the  ship 
weathered  the  night  very  steadily. 

On  the  13th  the  crew  were  imployed  in  setting  up  the  rigging, 
itad  occaaionally  pamping,  the  *hip  having  made  much  /atrr 
dttrinff  the  night.  The  gale  inereaainc  as  the  day  advanced, 
oeeanoiied  the  ve**el  to  imke  heavy  rolla,  by  which  an  accident 
hippeneid,  which  waa  near  doing  moch  inji'/y  to  the  eaplain'a 


Tn  MM  cv  m  raooT. 


^ 


tdre  iMir  airiy 
lewi  that  provM 

lie  perils  and  dis- 
Itheir  never  tiring 
I  the  example*  we 
'  and  correct  idea 


JGY. 

;y,  commanded  by 
aterford,  Ireland, 

Peggy  was  a  large 
id  tons  burden,  and 
r  trade,  for  which, 
(,  well  calculated, 
lea,  we  were  under 
ted  of  coarse  gravel 
sh  stock,  and  vege- 
iring  plenty  of  room, 
by  the  hospitable 
ce  our  leave. 
•  of  a  rapid  tide  anci 
Bng:  wo  continued 
,  and  towards  suii- 

I ;  the  weather  con- 
;bt  of  Cape  Clear, 
coast  of  Ireland. 
,  during  which  time 
san. 

r  and  squally; — all 
op'gallant-yards.  — 
it,  indicating  an  ap- 
^fed  top>sails,  and 
snug  aloft,  the  ship 

ting  up  the  rigg^ig, 
made  much  .-otrr 
the  day  advanced, 
'  which  an  accident 
y  to  the  eaplain'i 


and  confused  noue 
below)  loM  the  w 
before  he  could  e/ 
and  vociferous '':'v 
and  found 


eabJD.  A  ponebeen  of  rum,  which  was  lashed  on  th«  larboarl 
side  of  the  cabin,  broke  lOOse,  a  sadden  jerk  having  drawn  asunder 
the  cleets  to  which  it  was  fastened.  By  its  velocity  it  stove  is 
the  state  rooms,  and  broke  several  utensils  of  the  cabin  furniture. 
The  writer  of  tbi#,  with  muoh  difficulty,  escaped  with  whole  limbs: 
but  not  altogether  unhurt,  receiving  a  painful  bruise  on  the  right 
foot:  having,  however,  escaped  from  the  cabin,  the  people  on  deck 
were  given  to  understand  that  the  rum  was  broke  loose.  The 
word  rum  soon  attracted  the  sailors'  attention,  and  this  cask  being 
the  ship's  only  stock,  they  were  not  tardy  (as  may  be  supposed) 
in  rendering  their  assiatance  to  double  lash,  what  they  anticipatea 
— the  delight,  of  frequently  splicing  the  main-brace  therewith  dur- 
ing their  voyage 

On  the  14th  the  weather  became  moderate,  and  the  crew  were 
employed  iu  ma!'  ng  good  the  stowage  of  the  stores  in  the  hold, , 
which  had  fwen  way  during  the  night; — shaking  reefs  out  of  the' 
top-sails,  gtHting  up  top-galiant-masts  and  yards,  and  rigging  out 
BtP'J  ''ng-8.  .il).  All  hands  being  now  called  to  dinner,  a  bustle 
took  place  on  deck.  The  captain  (who  was 
r^r  of  i/iis  to  discover  the  cause  thereof,  but 
'ain,  a  voice  was  crying  out  in  a  most  piteous 
The  captain'and  chief  mate  jumped  on  deck, 
the  row  had  got  the  cook  laid  on-the  windlass,  and 
were  virj;  him  a  most  :><  "ere  cobbing  with  a  flat  piece  of  his 
own  Ixd  wood.  As  soon  vr-  the  captain  had  reached  forward,  he 
was  f.uch  exasperated  with  them  for  their  precipitate  conduct,  in 
punishing  without  his  knowledge  nnd  permission,  and  having 
prohibited  such  proceedings  in  futuv>.'< «.  ises,  he  inquired  the  cause 
of  their  srrievance.  The  cook,  it  seems,  having  been  served  out 
fresh  water  to  dress  vegetables  for  all  hands,  had.  inadvertently 
used  it  for  some  other  purpose,  and  boiled  the  greens  in  a  copper 
of  sa'v  water,  which  rendered  them  so  intolerably  tough,  that  tnejr 
were  not  fit  for  use;  consequently  the  sailors  had  not  their  ex« 
pected  garnish,  and  tl  general  murmur  taking  place,  the  abov* 
punishment  was  inflicted. 

A  steady  breeze  ensuing,  all  sails  filled,  and  the  ship  made 
way,  -.trith  a  lofty  and  majestic  air;  and  at  every  plunge  of  her 
'r^wB,  which  were  truly  Dutch-built,  rose  a  foam  of  no  small  ap- 
pearance. 

During  four  days  the  weather  continued  favorable,  which  flat- 
tered the  seamen  with  a  speedy  sight  of  land. 

On  the  19th  we  encountered  a  very  violent  gale,  with  an  unusual 
heavy  sea: — The  ship  worked  greatly,  ai:d  took  in  much  water 
through  her  seRms;— the  pumps  were  kept  K^^quently  going.  At 
mid-day,  while  the  crew  were  at  dinner,  a  tren>.'>.ndous  soa  struck 
the  ship  right  aft,  which  tore  in  the  cabin  windctws,  upset  the 
whole  of  the  dinner,  and  nearly  drowned  the  captaL**,  mate,  and 
myself,  who  was  at  that  tine  holding  a  dish  on  the  table,  while 


848 


nOB  LOSS  OV  TBI  nooT* 


'  the  captain  was  busily  employed  in  carving  a  fine  goose,  whicb 
muoli  to  our  discomfiture,  was  entirely  drenched  by  the  salt  water. 
Some  of  the  coops  were  washed  from  the  quarter-deck,  and  several 
of  the  poultry  destroyed. 

In  consequence  of  the  vessel  shipping  so  great  f  quantity  of  wb« 
ter,  the  pumps  were  doubly  manned,  and  soon  gained  on  her.  The 
gale  had  not  in  the  least  abated  during  the  night.  The  well 
was  plummed,  and  there  was  found  to  be  a  sudden  and  alarming  in> 
crease  of  water.  The  carpenter  was  immediately  ordered  to  ex- 
amine  the  ship  below,  in  oraer  to  find  the  cause  of  the  vessel's  ma- 
king so  much  water.  His  report  was,  she  being  a  very  old  vessel, 
her  seams  had  considerably  opened  by  her  laboring  so  much,  there- 
fore, could  devise  no  means  at  present  to  prevent  the  evil.  He  also 
reported,  the  mizen-mast  to  be  in  great  danger. 

The  heel  of  the  mizen-mast  being  stepped  belweon  decks  (a 
very  unusual  case,  but  probably  it  was  placed  there  in  order  to 
make  more  room  tor  stowage  in  the  after-hold)  was  likely  to  work 
from  its  step,  and  thereby  might  do  considerable  damage  to  tiie 
^ip. 

The  captain  now  held  a  consultation  with  the  ofRcers,  when  it 
was. deemed  expedient  to  cut  the  mast  away  without  delay :  this 
was  ac3ordingly  put  into  execution  the  following  morning,  as  soon 
as  the  day,  made,  its  appearance.  The  necessary  preparations 
having  been  made,  the  carpenter  began  hewing  at  the  mast,  and 
quickly  made  a  deep  wound.  Some  of  the  crew  were  stationed 
raady  to  cut  away  the  stays  cd  lanyards,  whilst  the  remaining 
part  was  anxiously  watching  the  momentary  crash  whicii  was  to 
•nsue ;  the  woix]  being  given  to  cut  away  the  weather-lanyards, 
as  the  ship  gave  a  lee-lurch,  the  whole  of  the  wreck  plunged,  with- 
out further  injury,  into  the  ocean. 

The  weather  still  threatening  a  continuance,  our  principal  em. 
ploy  was  at  the  pumps,  which  were  kept  continually  going.  The 
■ea  had  now  rose  to  an  alarming  height,  and  frequently  struck  the 
Tesael  with  great  violence.  Towards  the  afternoon,  part  of  the  star- 
board bulwark  was  carried  away  by  the  shook  of  a  heavy  sea;  which 
made  the  ship  broach-to,  and  before  she  could  answer  her  helm 
•gain,  a  sea  broke  through  the  fore-chains,  and  swept  away  the  ca- 
boose and  all  its  utensils  from  the  deck ;  fortunately  for  the  cook 
he  was  assisting  at  the  pumps  at  the  time,  or  he  inevitably  must 
have  shared  the  same  fate  as  his  galley. 

Notwithstanding  the  exertions  of  the  crew,  the  water  gained 
fast,  and  made  iu  way  into  the  hold,  which  washed  a  greai  quan« 
tity  of  the  ballast  through  the  timber-holes  into  the  hull,  by  which 
the  suckers  of  the  pumps  were  much  damaged,  and  thereby  fre- 
quently choked.  By  such  delays  the  leaks  increased  rapidly. 
We  were  under  the  necessity  of  repeatedly  hoisting  the  pumps 
on  deck,  to  appl^  different  means  which  were  devisMl  to  keep  the 
immI  fiom  entering,  but  all  our  eflforts  proved  ineffectual,  and  tbs 


nn  ion  ov  tbb  rsaaT. 


849 


fine  goose,  which 
by  the  aalt  water, 
-deck,  and  several 

}  quantity  of  wa> 

ined  on  her.     The 

night.     The  well 

n  and  alarming  in- 

tely  ordered  to  ex- 

of  the  vessel's  ma- 

g  a  very  old  vessel, 

'tng  so  much,  there- 

t  the  evil.     He  also 

between  decks  (a 
ed  there  in  order  to 
)  was  likely  to  work 
able  damage  to  tiie 

the  officers,  when  it 
without  delay :  this 
ing  morning,  as  soon 
cessary  preparations 
I'ing  at  the  mast,  and 
crew  were  stationed 
whilst  the  remaining 
'  crash  whicii  was  to 
the  weather.lanyards, 
wreck  plunged,  with* 

ce,  our  principal  em. 
itinually  going.  The 
frequently  struck  the 
'noon,  part  of  the  star- 
of  a  heavy  sea,  which 
uld  answer  her  helm 
d  swept  away  the  oa. 
rtunateiy  for  the  cook 
or  he  inevitably  must 

w,  the  water  gained 
washed  a  greai  quan- 
ito  the  hull,  by  which 
iged,  and  thereby  fre- 
es increased  rapidly. 
'  hoisting  the  pumps 
re  devisM  to  keep  the 
id  ineAotual,  and  the 


pomps  were  deemed  of  no  further  utility.  There  was  now  no 
time  to  be  lost;  accordingly  it  was  agreed  that  the  allowance  of 
fresh  water  should  be  lessened  to  a  pint  a  man ;  the  casks  wero 
immediately  hoisted  from  the  hold,  and  lashed  between  decks.  Aa 
the  water  was  started  from  two  of  them,  they  were  sawed  in  two, 
and  formed  into  buckets,  there  being  no  other  casks  on  board  fit 
for  that  purpose;  the  whips  were  soon  applied,  and  the  hands 
be^an  baling  at  the  fore  and  aAer  hatchways  which  continued 
without  intermission  the  whole  of  the  night,  each  man  being  suf> 
fered  to  take  one  hour's  rest,  in  rotation. 

The  morning  of  the  22d  presented  to  our  view  a  most  dreary 
aspect, — a  dibnial  horizon  encircling — not  the  least  appearance 
of  the  gale  abating— on  the  contrary,  it  seemed  to  come  with  re« 
doubled  vigor — the  ballast  washing  from  side  to  side  of  the  ship 
at  each  roll,  and  scarce  a  prospect  of  freeing  her.  Notwithstanding 
these  calamities,  the  crew  did  not  relax  their  efforts.  The  main 
hatchway  was  opened  and  fresh  buckets  went  to  work;  the  captain 
and  mate  alternately  relieving  each  other  at  the  helm.  The 
writer's  station  was  to  supply  the  crew  with  grog,  which  was 
plentifully  served  to  them  every  two  hours.  By  \he  motion  of 
the  ship  the  buckets  struck  against  the  combings  of  the  hatch- 
ways with  great  violence,  and  in  casting  them  in  the  hold  to  fill, 
they  frequently  struck  on  the  floating  pieces  of  timber  which  were 

Sinerally  used  as  chocks  in  stowing  the  hold.  By  such  accidents 
e  buckets  were  repeatedly  stove,  and  we  were  under  the  neces- 
sity of  cutting  more  of  the  water  casks  to  supply  their  place. 
Starting  the  fresh  water  overboard  was  reluctantly  done,  particu- 
larly as  we  now  felt  the  loss  of  the  caboose,  and  were  under  the 
necessity  of  eating  the  meat  raw,  which  occasioned  us  to  be  very 
thirsty.  Night  coming  on,  the  crew  were  not  allowed  to  ^o  be 
low  to  sleep;  each  man,  when  it  came  to  his  turn,  stretched  himsell 
en  the  deck. 

Oct.  3d.  Notwithstanding  the  great  quantity  of  water  baled  firom 
the  vessel,  sha  gained  so  considerably  that  she  had  visibly  settled 
much  deeper  in  the  wate^'.  All  hands  were  now  called  aft,  in 
order  to  consult  on  the  best  measures.  It  was  now  unanimously 
resolved  to  make  for  the  island  of  Bermudas,  it  being  the  nearest 
land.  Accordingly  we  bore  away  for  it,  but  had  not  sailed  many 
leagues  before  we  found  that  the  great  quantity  of  water  in  the 
▼essel  had  impeded  her  steerage  so  much  that  she  would  scarcely 
answer  her  helm;  and  making  a  very  heavy  lurch,  the  ballast 
shifted,  which  gave  hor  a  great  lift  to  the  starboard,  and  rendered 
it  very  difficult  to  keep  a  firm  footing  on  deck.  The  anchors 
which  were  stowed  on  the  larboard  bow  were  ordered  to  be  cut 
away,  and  the  cables  which  were  on  the  orlop  deck  to  be  hove 
overboard  in  order  to  right  her;  but  all  this  had  a  very  trifling 
efiect,  for  the  ship  was  now  become  quite  a  log. 

The  crew  were  still  employed  in  baling;  one  of  whom,  in  pro- 

SO 


350 


TBI  lOM  or  THX  TIUtfT. 


Tenthw  ■  backet  fmok  beinf  stove  ag«iiiat  the  eoinbia|i,  let  m 
his  boTd^  and  fell  down  the  hatehwey;  with  great  diffioalty  he 
escaped  being  drowned  or  dashed  agaiast  the  ship's  sides.  ,  Hav« 
ing  ^ot  into  a  bucket  which  was  instantly  lowered,  he  was  provi* 
dentiolly  hoisted  on  deck  without  any  injury. 

During  the  night  the  weather  became  more  moderate,  and  on 
tbefollowing  morning,  (Oct.  3d),  the  gale  had  entirely  subsided, 
but  left  a  very  heavy  swell.  Two  large  whales  approached  close 
to  the  ship.  They  sported  round  the  vessel  the  whole  of  the  day, 
and  after  dusk  disappeared. 

Having  now  no  further  use  of  the  helm,  it  was  lashed  down, 
and  the  captain  and  mate  took  their  spell  at  the  buckets.  My 
assistance  having  been  also  required,  a  boy  of  iess  strength, 
whose  previous  business  was  to  attend  the  cook,  now  took  my  for- 
mer station  of  serving  the  crew  with  refreshments.  This  lad  had 
not  long  filled  hia  new  situation  of  drawing  out  rum  from  the  cask, 
before  he  was  tempted  to  taste  it,  and  which  having  repeatedly 
done  he  soon  became  intoxicated,  and  was  missed  on  deck  for 
some  time.  I  was  sent  to  look  for  him.  The  spigot  I  perceived 
out  of  the  cask,  and  the  liquor  running  about,  but  the  boy  I  could 
not  see  for  some  time;  however  look'ng  down  the  lazeretto  (the 
trapHloor  of  which  was  lying  open),  I  found  him  fast  asleep.  He 
had  luckily  fallen  on  some  sails  which  were  stowed  there, or  he 
must  have  perished. 

On  the  2Gth  and  37th  of  October  the  weather  continued  quite 
clear,  with  light  baffling  winds.  A  man  was  constantly  kept  aloft 
to  look  out  for  a  sail.  The  rest  of  the  crew  were  employed  at 
the  whips. 

On  the  38th  the  weather  began  to  lower,  and  appeared  inclined 
for  rain.  This  gave  some  uneasiness,  being  apprehensive  of  a 
gale.  The  captain  therefore  directed  the  carpenter  to  overhaul, 
the  lonf;-boat,  caulk  her,  and  raise  a  streak  which  orders  were 
immediately  complied  with:  but  when  he  went  to  his  locker  for 
oakum,  he  found  it  plundered  of  nearly  the  whole  of  his  stock- 
all  hands  were  therefore  set  to  picking,  by  which  means  he  was 
lOon  supplied. 

It  was  totally  clear  on  the  39th,  with  a  fresh  brjeeze,  but  the 
shin  heeled  so  much  that  her  gunwale  at  times  was  under  water, 
ana  the  crew  could  scarcely  stand  on  deck.  All  hands  were  now 
ordered  to  assemble  aft,  when  the  captain,  in  a  short  address, 
pointed  out  the  most  probable  manner  by  which  they  could  be 
saved.  All  agreed  in  opinion  with  him,  and  it  was  resolved  that 
the  long-boat  should  be  hoisted  out  as  speedily  as  possible,  and 
mch  necessaries  as  could  be  conveniently  stowed,  to  be  placed 
in  her.  Determined  no  longer  to  labor  at  the  buckets,  the  vessel, 
which  could  not  remain  above  water  many  hours  after  we  baa 
eeaaed  baling,  was  now  abandoned  to  her  fate. 

I  now  began  to  reflect  on  the  small  chance  we  had  of  being 


TBS  UMa  or  TBS  MOOT. 


951 


'  eombingi,  let  pq 

reat  dimoultv  Ee 

jtip's  sides.  ,Hav« 

ted,  bo  WW  provi> 

'  moderate,  and  on 
|enttrely  subsided, 
approacbed  close 
wboleoftbeday, 

was  lashed  down, 

tbe  buckets.    My 

of  tesB  strengtb, 

,  now  took  my  for* 

mts.    This  lad  had 

rum  from  the  cask, 

having  repeatedly 

missed  on  deck  for 

spigot  I  perceived 

but  the  boy  I  could 

rii  the  lazeretto  (the 

lim  fast  asleep.    He 

stowed  there,  or  he 

ther  continued  quite 
constantly  kept  aloft 
w  were  employed  at 

nd  appeared  inclined 
g  apprehensive  of  a 
nrpenter  to  overhauL 
which  orders  were 
ent  to  his  locker  for 
whole  of  his  stock— 
nrhich  means  be  was 

resh  brjeeze,  but  tbe 
les  was  under  water, 

All  hands  were  now 
,  in  a  short  address, 
ivhich  they  could  be 

it  was  resolved  that 
dily  as  possible,  and 
itowed,  to  be  placed 
e  buckets,  the  vessel. 

hours  after  we  had 
te. 
kce  we  had  of  being 


■t?ed— twenty-two  people  in  an  open  boat-Hipwards  of  three  ban* 
dred  miles  from  land — in  a  boisterous  climate,  and  tbe  whole  crew 
worn  out  with  fatigue!  The  palms  of  the  crew's  hands  vcre  al- 
ready so  flayed  it  could  not  be  expected  that  they  could  do  much 
execution  with  the  oars — ^while  thus  reflecting  on  our  perilous 
situation,  one  of  our  oldest  seamen,  who  at  this  moment  was  stand- 
ing near  me,  turned  his  bead  aside  to  wipe  away  a  tear— I  could  not 
refrain  from  sympathizing  with  him — my  heart  was  already  full! 
—The  captain  perceiving  my  despondency  bade  me  be  of  good 
cheer,  and  called  me  a  young  lubber. 

The  boat  having  been  hoisted  out,  and  such  necessaries  placed 
in  her  as  were  deemed  requisite,  one  of  the  hands  was  sent  aloft 
to  ladi  the  colors  downwards  to  the  main^top-mast  shrouds;  which 
having  done,  he  placed  himself  on  the  cross-trees,  to  look  around 
him,  and  almost  instantly  hallooed  out, — ''  A  sail." — It  would  be 
impossible  to  describe  the  ecstatic  emotions  of  the  crew:  every 
man  was  aloft,  in  order  to  be  satisfied;  though,  a  minute  before, 
not  one  of  the  crew  was  able  to  stand  upright. 

The  sail  was  on  our  weathi?r-bow,  bearing  right  down  on  ue 
with  a  smart  breeze.  She  soon  perceived  us,  but  hauled  her 
wind  several  times,  in  order  to  examine  our  ship.  As  she  ap- 
proached nearer  she  clearly  perceived  our  calamitous  situation^ 
and  hastened  to.our  relief. 

She  proved  to  be  a  Philadelphia  schooner,  bound  to  Cape 
Francois,  in  St.  Domingo.  The  captain  took  us  all  on  board  in 
the  most  humane  and  friendly  manner,  and  after  castins  our  boat 
adrift,  proceeded  on  his  voyage.  When  we  perceived  our  ship 
ftom  the  vessel  on  which  we  were  now  happily  on  board,  her  a|^ 
pearance  was  truly  deplorable. 

The  captain  of  the  schooner  congratulated  us  on  our  fortunate 
escape,  ai^d  expressed  his  surprise  that  the  ship  should  remain  so 
long  on  her  beam  ends,  in  such  a  heavy  sea,  without  capsizing. 
We  soon  began  to  distance  the  wreck,  by  this  time  very  low  in 
tbe  water,  and  shortly  after  lost  sight  of  her. 

The  evening  begap  to  approach  fast,  when  a  man  loosing  the 
maiu-top-sail,  descried  a  sail  directly  in  the  same  course  on  our 

Suarter.  We  made  sail  for  her.  and  soon  came  within  hail  of  her. 
he  proved  to  be  a  brig  from  Glasgow,  bound  to  Antiaua.  It  watf 
now  determined,  between  the  captains,  that  half  of  our  people 
should  remain  in  the  schooner,  and  tbe  captain,  mate,  eight  of 
the  crew,  and  myself,  should  get  on  board  the  brig.  On  our  ar* 
rival  at  Antigua  we  met  with  much  kindnesa  and  humanity. 


<fuji..iiii^.i . 


■iHMliM 


tmM  msusA. 


THE  MEDUSA. 

In  Juljr,  1816,  the  French  (Kffate  the  Medusa  wta  wrecked  on 
thecoMt  of  Africa,  when  part  of  the  ship's  company  took  to  their 
boats;  and  the  rest,  to  the  number  of  one  hundred  and  fifty,  had 
recourse  to  a  raft  hastily  lashed  together.  In  two  hours  after 
pushing  ofi*  for  the  shore,  the  people  in  the  boats  had  the  cruelty 
to  bear  away  and  leave  the  raft,  already  laboring  hard  amid  the 
waves,  and  alike  destitute  ofprovisions,  and  instruments  for  navi- 

! Ration,  to  shift  for  itself.  "  From  the  moment," says  M.  Sevigne, 
rom  whoso  affecting  narrative  this  account  is  chiefly  taken,  "  that 
I  was  convinced  of  our  being  abandoned,  I  was  strongly  impres- 
sed with  the  crowd  of  dark  and  horrible  images  that  presented 
themselves  to  my  imagination;  the  torments  of  hunger  and  thirst, 
the  almost  pusitive  certainty  of  never  more  seeing  my  country  or 
friends,  composed  the  painful  picture  before  my  eyes;  my  knees 
sunk  under  me,  and  my  hands  mechanically  sought  for  something 
to  lay  hold  on;  I  could  scarcely  articulate  a  word.  This  state 
soon  had  an  end,  and  then  all  my  mental  faculties  revived.  Hav- 
ing silenced  the  tortnenting  dread  of  death,  I  endeavored  to  pour 
consolation  into  the  hearts  of  my  unhappy  companions,  who  were 
almost  in  a  state  of  stupor  around  me.  No  sooner,  however,  were 
the  soldiers  and  sailors  roused  from  their  consternation,  than  they 
abandoned  themselves  to  excessive  despair,  and  cried  furiously 
out  for  vengeance  on  those  who  had  abandoned  them;  each  saw 
his  own  ruin  inevitable,  and  elamorously  vociferated  the  dark  re- 
flections that  agitated  him."  Some  persons  of  a  finer  character 
joined  with  M.  sevigne  in  his  humane  endeavors  to  tranquillize 
Uie  minds  of  these  wretched  sufierers;  and  they  at  last  partially 
succeeded,  by  persuading  them  that  they  would  have  an  oppor- 
tunity in  a  few  days  of  revenging  themselves  on  the  people  in  the 
boats.  "  I  own,"  says  M.  Sevigne,  "  this  spirit  o(  vengeance  ani- 
mated every  one  of  us,  and  we  poured  voilies  of  curses  on  the 
boat's  crew,  whose  fatal  selfishness  exposed  us  to  so  many  evils 
and  dangers.  We  thought  our  sufierings  would  have  been  less 
c  uel,  had  they  been  partaken  bv  the  frigate's  whole  crew.  Nothing 
u  more  exasperating  to  the  unhappy,  than  to  think  that  those  who 
plunged  them  into  misery,  should  enjoy  every  favor  of  fortune." 
After  the  first  transports  of  passion  had  subsided,  the  sole  eflbrts 
of  their  more  collected  moments  were  directed  to  the  means  of 

K lining  the  land,  to  procure  provision.  All  that  they  had  on  board 
e  raft,  consisted  of  twenty-five  pounds  of  biscuit  and  some  hogs- 
heads of  wine.  The  imperious  desire  of  self-preservation  silenced 
every  fear  for  a  moment ;  they  put  lip  a  saif  on  the  raft,  and  every 
one  assisted  with  a  sort  of  delerious  enthusiasm;  not  one  of  them 
foresaw  the  real  extent  of  the  peril  b^  which  they  were  surrounded. 


THB  MKOVSA. 


M  wts  wrecked  on 

rnpany  took  to  their 

idred  and  fifty,  had 

In  two  hours  efter 

ats  had  the  cruelty 

oring  bard  amid  the 

nstruments  for  uavi- 

:,"  saya  M.  Sevigne, 

chiefly  taken,  "that 

nraa  strongly  impres- 

agea  that  presented 

of  hunger  and  thirst, 

eeing  my  country  or 

my  eyes;  my  knees 

sought  for  something 

a  word.     This  state 

iilties  revived.     Hav< 

I  endeavored  to  pour 

pmpanions,  who  were 

ioonor,  however,  were 

nsternation,  than  they 

',  and  cried  furiously 

lonedthem;  each  saw 

iciferated  the  dark  re- 

s  of  a  finer  character 

leavers  to  tranquillize 

1  they  at  last  partially 

vould  have  an  oppor- 

«  on  the  people  in  the 

[lirit  o(  vengeance  ani* 

llies  of  curses  on  the 

d  us  to  so  many  evils 

would  have  been  less 

whole  crew.   Nothing 

9  think  that  those  who 

Dry  favor  of  fortune." 

bsided,  the  sole  eflbrts 

icted  to  the  means  of 

that  they  had  on  board 

>iscuit  and  soine  hogs- 

f-preservation  silenced 

'  on  the  raft,  and  every 

asm;  not  one  of  them 

they  were  surrounded. 


The  day  pasted  on  quietly  enough;  but  night  at  lenoth  came 
on;  the  heavens  were  overspread  with  black  clouds;  tne  winds 
unchained,  raised  the  sea  mountains  high ;  terror  again  rode  tri< 
umphant  on  the  billow;  dashed  from  side  to  side,  now  suspended 
betwixt  life  and  death,  bewailing  their  misfortune,  and  though  cer- 
tain of  death,  yet  struggling  with  the  merciless  elements  ready  to 
devour  them,  the  poor  off-casts  longed  for  the  coming  morn,  as 
if  it  had  been  the  sure  harbinger  of  safety  and  repose.  Often  waa 
the  last  doleful  ejaculation  heard  of  some  sailor  or  soldier  weary 
of  the  struggle,  rushing  into  the  embrace  of  death.  A  baker  and 
two  young  cabin  boys,  after  taking  leave  of  their  comrades,  dilib- 
erately  plunged  into  the  deep.  "  We  are  off,"  said  they,  and  in- 
stantly disappeared.  Such  was  the  commencen^entof  that  dread- 
ful insanity  which  we  shall  afterwards  see  raging  in  flie  most  cruel 
manner,  and  sweeping  off  a  crowd  of  victims.  In  the  course  of 
the  first  night,  twelve  persons  were  lost  from  the  raft. 

"The  day  coming  on,"  says  M.  Sevigne,  "brought  back  a 
little  calm  amongst  us;  some  unhappy  persons,  however,  near  me, 
were  not  come  to  their  senses.  A  charming  young  man,  scarcely 
sixteen,  asked  me  every  moment,  '  When  shall  we  eat?'  He 
stuck  to  me,  and  followed  me  every  where,  repeating  the  same 
question.  In  the  course  of  the  day,  Mr.  Grinen  threw  himself 
into  the  soa,  but  I  took  him  up  again.  His  words  were  confused; 
I  gave  him  every  consolation  ui  my  power,  and  endeavored  to  per^ 
suade  him  to  support  courageously  every  privation  we  were  suffer- 
ing. But  all  my  care  was  uiuvailing;  I  could  never  recall  him 
to  reason;  he  gave  no  sign  of  being  sensible  to  the  horror  of  our 
situation.  In  a  few  minutes  he  threw  himself  again  into  the  sea; 
but  by  an  effort  of  instinct,  held  to  a  piece  of  wood  that  went  be* 
yond  the  raft,  and  he  was  taken  up  a  second  time." 

The  hope  of  still  seeing  the  boats  come  to  their  succour,  enabled 
them  to  support  the  torments  of  hunger  during  this  second  day; 
but  as  the  gloom  of  ni^ht  returned,  and  every  man  began,  as  it 
were,  to  look  in  upon  himself,  the  desire  of  food  rose  to  an  unoov- 
ernable  height;  and  ended  in  a  state  of  general  delirium.  The 
greater  part  of  the  soldiers  and  sailors,  unable  to  appease  the  hun- 
ger that  preyed  upon  them,  and  persuaded  that  death  was  now  in- 
evitable took  the  fatal  resolution  of  softening  their  last  moments 
by  drinking  of  the  wine,  till  they  could  drink  no  more.  Attack- 
ing a  hogshead  in  the  centre  of  the  raft,  they  drew  large  libations 
from  it;  the  stimulating  liquid  soon  turned  their  delirium  into 
frenzy;  they  began  to  quarrel  and  fight  with  one  another;  and 
ere  long,  the  few  planks  on  which  they  were  floating,  between  time 
and  eternity,  became  tl^e  scene  of  a  most  bloody  contest  for 
momentary  pre-eminence.  No  less  than  aixty-three  men  lost  their 
lives  on  this  unhappy  occasion. 

Shortly  after,  tranquillity  was  raster  .  "  We  fell,"  saya  M. 
Stvifoe,  "  into  the  awne  state  as  before :  this  iniensibUity  wu  M 

90* 


iBiifHi 


mmimmmim 


«MW 


954 


THB  MBDCIA 


great,  that  next  day  I  thought  myself  waking  oat  of  a  dittarbed 
)leep,  asking  the  people  round  me  if  they  had  seen  any  tumult, 
or  heard  any  cries  of  despair?  Some  answered,  that  they  too  had 
been  tormented  with  the  samVs  visions,  and  did  not  know  how  to 
explain  them.  Many  who  had  been  most  furious  during  the  night, 
were  now  sullen  and  motionless,  unable  to  utter  a  suigle  word. 
Two  or  three  plunged  jnto  the  ocean,  coolly  bidding  their  com* 
panions  farewell;  others  would  say.  'Don't  despair;  I  sm  going 
to  bring  you  relief;  you  shall  soon  see  me  again.'  Not  a  few 
even  thought  themselves  on  board  the  Medusa,  amidst  every  thii 
they  used  to  be  daily  surrounded  with.  In  a  conversation  witl 
one  of  my  comrades,  he  said  to  me,  '  I  cannot  think  we  are  on  a 
raft;  I  always  suppose  myself  on  board  our  frigate.'  My  own 
judgment,  too,  wanaered  on  these  points.  M.  Correard  imagined 
himself  going  over  the  beautiful  plains  of  Italy.  M.  G rifle n  said 
very  senously,  '  I  remember  we  were  forsaken  by  the  boats;  but 
never  fear,  I  have  just  written  to  Government,  and  in  a  few  hours 
we  shall  be  saved.'  M.  Correard  esked  quite  as  serioUiiily,  '  and 
have  you  then  a  pigeon  to  carry  your  orders  so  fast?'  " 

It  was  now  the  third  day  since  they  had  been  atandoned,  and 
banger  Segan  to  be  most  sharply  felt ;  some  of  the  men,  driven  to 
desperation,  at  length  tore  off  tne  flesh  from  the  dead  bodies  that 
covered  *he  raft,  and  devoured  it.  "  The  oflicers  and  passengers," 
■ays  M.  Sevigne,  "  to  whom  I  united  myself,  could  not  overcome 
ibe  repugnance  inspired  by  such  horrible  food;  we  however  tried 
to  cat  the  belts  of  our  sabres  and  «trtoHch  boxes,  and  succeeded 
in  swallowing  some  small  pieces;  but  we  were  at  last  forced  to 
abandon  these  expedients,  which  brought  no  relief  to  the  anguish 
caused  by  total  abstinence." 

In  the  evening  they.were  fortunate  enough  to  take  nearly  two 
hundred  flying  fishes,  which  they  shared  immediately.  Havinji 
found  som<hgunpowder,  they  made  a  fire  to  dress  them?  but  their 

EortioBs  were  so  small,  and  their  hunger  soqgreat,  that  they  added 
uman  flesh,  which  the  cooking  rendered  less  disgusting ;  the  <^ 
cers  were  at  last  tempted  to  taste  of  it.  The  horrid  repast  was  fol- 
-  lowed  with  another  scene  of  violence  and  confusion;  a  second 
engagement  took  place  during  the  night,  and  in  the  morning  only 
thirty  persons  were  left  alive  on  the  fatal  raft.  On  the  fourth 
night,  a  third  fit  of  despair  swept  off*  fifteen  more;  so  that,  finally, 
the  number  of  miserable  beings  was  reduced  from  ooo  hundred 
and  fifty,  to  fifteen. 

"A  return  of  reason,"  says  M.  Sevigne,  "began  now  to 
enlighten  our  situation.  I  have  no  lon|^er  to  relate  the  .furious 
actions  dictated  by  dark  despair,  but  the  unhappy  state  of  fifteen 
exhausted  creatures  reduced  to  frightful  misery.  Our  gloomy 
thaugbts  wore  fixed  on  the  little  wine  that  was  left,  and  we  oon- 
teiMMtedl  with  horro#  the  ravages  which  despair  and  want  had 
naae  amongst  us.    'You  tf«r  mueh  altered,' said  one  or  my 


-!gi^«Na>LgBiju^Lj;jjWy»i 


m  MIBVIA. 


85« 


It  of  a  distuibed 

seen  anjr  tumult, 

\,  that  they  too  bad 

'  not  know  how  to 

lis  during  the  night, 

Iter  a  suigle  word. 

[bidding  their  com* 

Bipair;  I  am  going 

jain.'    Not  a  few 

,  amidst  every  thing 

I  conversation  with 

it  think  we  are  on  a 

frigate.'    My  own 

Correard  imagined 

.     M.  Griflensaid 

nby  the  boats;  but 

,  and  in  a  few  hours 

9  as  seriously,  '  and 

Isofast?'" 

een  abandoned ,  and 

f  the  men,  driven  to 

the  dead  bodies  that 

ers  and  passengers," 

',  could  not  overcome 

)d ;  we  however  tried 

toxes,  and  succeeded 

irere  at  last  forced  to 

relief  to  the  anguish 

;h  to  take  nearly  two 
nmediately.  Having 
iress  them?  but  their 
(reat,  that  they  added 
I  disgusting ;  the  offi* 
horrid  repast  was  fol- 
confusion;  a  second 
I  in  the  morning  only 
raft.  On  the  fourth 
lore;  so  that,  finally, 
id  from  ooo  hundred 

Be,  "began  now  to 
to  relate  the  .furious 
liappy  state  of  fifteea 
nisery.  Our  gloomy 
ras  left,  and  we  cOn- 
espair  and  waol  had 
sd,*  said  one  or  my 


companions,  seizing  my  hand,  and  meltmg  into  tears.  Eight  im 
torments  had  rendered  us  no  longer  like  ourselves.  At  length, 
seeing  ourselves  so  reduced,  we  summoned  up  all  our  strength, 
and  raised  a  kind  of  stage  to  rest  ourselves  upon.  On  this  new 
theatre  we  resolved  to  wait  death  in  a  becoming  manner.  We 
passed  some  days  in  this  situation,  each  isonceuing  his  despair . 
from  his  nearest  companion.  Misunderstanding,  however,  again 
took  place,  on  the  tenth  day  after  being  on  board  the  raft.  After 
a  distribution  of  wine,  several  of  our  companions  conceived  the 
idea  of  destroWng  themselves  after  finishmg  the  little  wine  that 
remaiaed.  '  When  people  are  so  wretched  as  we,'  said  they, 
'they  have  nothing  to  wish  for  but  death.'  We  made  the 
strongest  remonstrances  to  them ;  but  their  diseased  brains  could 
only  Ax  on  the  rash  project  which  they  had  conceived;  a  new- 
contest  was  therefore  on  the  point  of  commencing,  biR  at  lenf^h 
they  yielded  to  our  remonstrances.  Many  of  us,  after  receivmg 
our  small  portion  of  wine,  fell  into  a  state  of  intoxication,  and 
then  ereat  misunderstaudings  arose. 

"  At  other  times  we  were  prettjr  quiet,  and  somotimet  our 
natural  spirits  inspired  a  smile  in  spite  of  the  horrors  of  pur  situa- 
tion. Says  one,  '  if  the  brig  is  sent  in  search  of  us,  let  us  pray 
to  God  to  give  her  the  eyes  of.  Argus,'  alluding  to  the  name  of 
the  vessel  which  we  supposed  might  come  in  search  of  us. 

"  The  17th  in  the  morning,  thirteen  days  after  being  forsakeni  ■. 
while  each  was  enjoying  the  delights  of  his  poor  portion  at  vi^i 
a  captain  of  infantry  perceiv<^  a  vessel  in  the  horizon,  aoda^" 
nounced  it  with  a  shout  of  joy.  For  some  moments  we  were  so*; 
ponded  between  hope  and  war.  Some  said,  they  saw  tha  ship  , 
draw  nearer;  others,  that  it  was  sailing  away.  Unfortunateljr^  . 
these  last  were  not  mistaken,  for  the  brig  soon  disap[rcnrea. 
From  excess  of  joy,  we  now  sunk  into  despair.  For  my  part, 
I  was  so  accustomed  to  the  idea  of  death,  that  I  saw  |^  approach 
with  indifference.  I  had  remarked  many  others  terminate  their 
existence  without  great  outward  signs  of  pain;  they  first  became 
quite  delirious,  and  nothing  could  appease  them;  after  that,  they 
(ell  into  a  state  of  imbecility  that  ended  their  existence,  like  a  lamp 
that  goes  out  for  want  of  oil.  A  boy  twelve  years  old,  unable 
to  support  these  privations,  sunk  under  them,  after  our  being  for- 
saken. All  spoke  of  this  fine  boy  as  deserving  a  better  fate;  his 
angelic  face,  his  melodious  voice,  and  his  tender  years,  inspired 
us  with  the  tenderest  compassion,  for  so  young  a  victim  devoted 
to  BO  frightful  and  untimely  a  death,  Our  oldest  soldiers,  and, 
indeed,  .every  one,  eagerly  assisted  him  as  far  as  circumstances 
permitted.  But,  alas!  it  was  all  in  vau;  neither  the  wine,  nor 
any  other  consolation,  could  save  him,  and  he  expired  in  M. 
Coudin's  arms.  As  long  an  he  was  able  to  move,  he  was  cqiw 
tinually  running  from  one  ride  of  th»  raft  to  th«  other,  calling  oui 
for  bis  mother,  for  water,  and  for  uM. 


'^'.T'--  J'Wi'.*^-'*:5^.'--3^*^'' 


'  III   I  r   -    r   ■     ■     -I     ■   ■  llWtl.gljMWHWIIi 


956 


na  MAW-TBDOK,  om  ▲  LBAT  voft  un. 


"About  six  o'clock,  on  the  17th,  one  of  our  compamooi 
looking  out,  on  a  sudden  etretchinir  his  hands  forwards,  and  scarce 
]y  able  to  breathe,  cried  out,  '  aere'a  the  brigaltno$t  along$ide: 
and,  in  fact,  she  was  actually  very  near.     We  threw  ourselvefc 
on  each  other's  necka  with  frantic  transports,  while  tears  trickled 
down  our  withered  cheeks.    She  soon  bore  upon  us  within  pistol 
shot,  sent  a  boat,  and  presently  took  us  all  on  board.     We  had 
scarcely  escaped,  when  some  of  us  became  delirious  again;  a 
military  officer  was  going  to  leap  into  the  sea,  as  he  said,  to  take 
up  his  pocket  book;  and  would  certainly  have  done  so,  but  for 
those  about  him;  others  were  affected  in  the  same  manner,  bntm 
a  less  degree. 

"  Fifteen  days  after  our  deliverancee,  I  felt  the  species  of  men- 
tal  derangement  which  is  produced  by  great  misfortunes;  my  mind 
was  in  a  ccyitinual  asitation,  and  durins  the  night,  I  often  awoke, 
thinking  myself  still  on  the  raft;  and  many  of  my  companions 
experienced  the  same' effects.  One  Francois  became  deaf,  and 
remained  for  a  long  time  in  a  state  of  idiotiam.  Another  frequent- 
ly lost  bis  recollection;  and  my  own  memory,  remarkably  good 
before  this  event,  was  weakened  by  it  in  a  sensible  manner. 

"  At  the  moment  in  which  I  am  recalling  the  dreadful  scenes 
.  to  which  I  have  been  witness,  they  present  themselves  to  my  im- 
agination like  a  frightful  dream.  All  those  horrible  scenes  from 
wnich  1  so  miraculously  escaped,  seem  now  only  as  a  point  in  my 
•listence.  Restored  to  h<?alth,  my  mind  sometimes  recalls  those 
visions  that  tormented  it,  during  the  fever  that  consumed  it.  In 
those  dreadful  moments  we  were  certainly  attacked  with  a  cere- 
bral (ever,  in  consequence  of  excessive  mental  irritation.  And 
•TM>  DOW,  sometimes  in  the  night,  after  having  met  with  any 
diaappo  Dtroent.  and  when  the  wmd  is  high,  my  mind  recalls  the 
iktal  rafi  I  see  a  furiouy  ocean  ready  to  swallow  me  up;  bands 
upliflet  o  strike  me,  and  the  whole  train  of  human  passions  let 
loose;  reveage,  fury,  hatred,  treachery,  and  despair,  surrounding 
me!" 


THE  MAIN-TRUCK.  OR  A  LEAP  FOR  UF^. 

•<  Stand  itini    HowAwrM 
•    Aaddltqr 'tis  to  east  oM'i«y«Mlowl" 

*'  Tlw  marnmriiw  mifc. 
That  OB  til*  rniwiwharididto  oMUm  AtSm, 
OMinot  bahaord  m  high:—!  'II  look  no  nont 
Lart  my  bnin  turn,  aad  ilia  datciaM  tiiht 
Tofipla  down  baadlong."— AAaA9«ar«. 

Among  the  many  agreeable  associates  whom  my  diflbrent  enbt 
lags  ana  wanderings  haye  brought  me  acquainted  with,  I  can 
MirMljr  call  tonuna  «  mora  plaasant  and  companionaWa  oaa  than 


um. 


tn  UAa-rttveu,  o*  a  leaf  mk  ttn. 


SSI 


our  compaoMBi 

irurdi,  and  Mcuteu 

la/mo«(  alongtitU; 

threw  ourMlvM 

Ihile  tears  trickled 

l>n  ut  within  piatol 

board.     We  had 

lelirioua  again;  a 

he  aaid,  to  take 

|e  done  ao,  but  for 

manner,  botb 

[the  species  of  men- 
fortunes;  my  mind 
ht,  I  often  awoke, 
of  my  corapaniona 
became  deaf,  and 
Another  frequent- 
remarkably  good 
sible  manner, 
the  dreadful  scenes 
emselves  to  my  im- 
orrible  scenes  from 
Inly  as  a  point  in  my 
letimes  recalls  those 
at  consumed  it.    In 
ttacked  with  a  eere- 
Dtal  irritation.    And 
iving  met  with  any 
my  mind  recalls  the 
tilow  me  up;  hands 
'  human  passions  let 
despair,  surrounding 


>  FOR  UF^. 

!•• 
nuMt 

• 

n  my  difikrent  eruii 
lainted  with,  I  can 
ipanioaabla  (MM  than 


fom  Scupper.  Poor  fellow!  he  is  dead  and  gone  now— a  Tiotim 
to  that  code  of  false  honor  which  has  robbed  the  navy  of  too 
many  of  its  choicest  officers.  Tom  and  I  were  messmates  during 
a  short  and  delightful  cruise,  and,  for  a  good  part  of  the  time,  we 
belonged  to  the  same  watch.  He  was  a  great  hand  to  spin  rams, 
which,  to  do  him  justice,  he  sometimes  told  tolerably  well;  and 
many^a  long  mid-watch  has  his  fund  of  anecdotes  and  sea  stories 
caused  to  slip  pleasantly  away.  We  were  lying,  in  the  little 
schooner  to  which  we  were  attached,  in  the  open  roadstead  of 
Laguyra-,  at  single  anchor,  when  Tom  told  me  the  story  which  I 
am  about  to  relate,  as  nearly  as  I  can  remember,  in  his  own 
words.  A  vessel  from  Baltimore  had  come  into  Laguyra  that 
day,  and  by  her  I  had  received  letters  from  home,  in  one  of  whi:!. 
there  was  a  piece  of  intelligence  that  weighed  very  heavily  on 
my  spirits.  For  some  minutes  after  our  watch  commenced,  Tom 
and  I  walked  the  deck  in  silence,  which  was  soon,  however,  in- 
terrupted by  my  talkative  companion,  who  perceiving  my  depres- 
sion, and  wishing  to  divert  my  thoughts,  began  as  follows: 

The'  last  cruise  I  made  in  the  Mediterranean  was  in  old  Iron 
sides,  as  we  used  to  call  our  gallant  frigate.  We  had  been  back- 
ing and  filling  for  several  months  on  the  western  coast  of  Africa, 
from  the  Canaries  down  to  Messurado,  in  search  of  slave  traders: 
and  during  that  time  we  had  had  some  pretty  heavy  weather. 
When  we  reached  the  Straits,  there  was  a  spanking  wind  blowing 
from  about  west-south-west ;  so  we  squared  away,  and,  without 
eoming-to  at  the  Rock,  made  a  straight  wake  for  old  Mahon,  the 

Sineral  rendezvous  and  place  of  refitting  for  our  squadrons  in 
a  Mediterranean.  Immediately  on  arrivin{|  there,  we  warped 
A  alongside  the  Arsenal  quay,  where  we  stripped  ship  to  a  girt- 
line,  bruke.out  the  holds,  tiers,  and  store-rooms,  and  save  her  a 
regular-built  overhauling  from  stem  to  stern.  For  awhile,  every 
body  was  busy,  and  all  seemed  bustle  and  confusion.  Orders 
and  replies,  in  loud  and  dissimilar  voices,  the  shrill  pipings  of  the 
difierent  boatswain's  mates,  each  attending  to  separate  duties, 
and  the  mingled  clatter  and  noise  of  various  kinds  of  work,  all 

foing  on  the  same  time,  gave  something  of  the  stir  and  animation 
f  a  dock-yard  to  the  usually  quiet  arJMnal  of  Mahon.  The 
boatswain  and  his  crew  were  ensaged  in  fitting  a  new  gane  of 
riggina;  the  gunner  in  repairing  his  breechings  and  gun-tackles; 
the  fo'castle-mea  in  calking;  the  top-men  in  scndins  down  the 
yards  and  upper  spars;  the  holders  and  waisters  in  whitewashing 
and  holy  stoning;  and  even  the  poor  marines  were  kept  busy,  like 
beasts  of  burden,  in  carrying  breakers  of  water  on  their  backs. 
On  the  quav,  near  the  ship,  the  smoke  of  the  armorer's  forse, 
which  had  been  hoisted  out  and  sent  ashore,  ascended  in  a  tEie 
black. column  through  th«  clear  blue  sky;  from  one  of  the  neigh* 
ooring  white  itone  warehouses  the  sound  of  saw  and  hanuner  told 
Oat  th«  earptntan  war*  at  work;  naar  by,  a  livelier  nttliag 


mmmmmoi 


,ttmimmmm 


^♦> 


S0e 


mi  MAW-TBOGB,   0»  A  LBAV  tOB  LITB. 


drew  attention  to  the  cooper,  who  in  the  open  air  was  tightniog 
the  water-caikt;  and  not  far  removed,  under  a  temporary  shej^ 
formed  of  spare  atudding-aailt  and  tarpaulins,  sat  the  sailmalcer 
and  his  assistants,  repairmg  the  sails,  which  had  been  rent  or  in> 
jured  by  the  many  storms  we  had  encountered. 

Many  hands,  however,  make  light  work,  and  in  a  very  few  days 
all  was  accomplished:  the  stays  and  shrouds  were  set  up  and  new 
rattled  down;  the  yards  crossed,  the  running  rigging  rove,  and 
sails  beat;  and  the  old  craft,  fresh  painted  and  alTa-taunt-o,  look- 
ed as  fine  as  a  midshipman  on  liberty.  In  place  of  the  storm- 
stumps,  which  had  been  stowed  away  among  the  booms  and  other 
spare  spars,  amidships,  we  had  set  up  cap  to'gallant-maats,  and 
royal-poles,  with  a  sheave  for  skysails,  and  hoist  enough  for  sky- 
scrapers above  them:  so  you  may  judge  the  old  frisate  looked 
pretty  taunt.  There  was  a  Dutch  line-ship  iu  the  harbor;  but 
though  we  only  carried  forty-four  to  her.  eighty,  her  main-truck 
would  hardly  have  reached  to  our  royal-mast-head.  The  side- 
boys,  whose  duty  it  was  to  lay  aloft  and  furl  the  skysails,  looked 
no  bigger  on  the  yard  than  a  good-sized  duff  for  a  midshipman's 
mesa,  and  the  main-truck  seemed  not  half  as  lar^e  as  the  Turk's- 
head-knot  on  the  main-ropes  of  the  accommodation  ladder. 

When  we  had  got  every  thing  ship-shape  and  man-of-war  fash- 
ion, we  hauled  out  again,  and  took  our  birth  about  half  way 
between  the  Arsenal  and  Hospital  island;  and  a  pleasant  view  it 
^ave  us  of  the  town  and  harbor  of  old  Mahon,  one  of  the  safest 
and  most  tranquil  places  of  anchorage  in  the  world.  The  water 
of  this  beautiial  inlet — which  though  it  makes  about  four  miles 
into  the  land,  is  not  much  over  a  quarter  of  n  mile  in  width-— ii 
scarcely  ever  ruffled  by  a  storm;  and  on  the  delightful  afternoon 
to  which  I  now  refer,  it  lay  as  still  and  motionless  as  a  polished 
mirror,  except  when  broken  into  momentary  ripples  by  tne  pad- 
dl«a  of  some  passing  waterman.  What  little  wind  we  had  had  in 
the  fore  part  of  the  day,  died  away  at  noon,  and,  though  the  first 
dog-watch  was  almost  out,  and  the  sun  was  near  the  horizon,  not 
a  breath  of  air  had  risen  to  disturb  the  deep  serenity  of  tho 
leene.  The  Dutch  liner,  which  lay  not  far  from  us,  was  so 
elaarly  reflected  in  the  glassy  surfiice  of  the  water,  that  then 
was  not  a  rope  about  her,  from  her  main-stay  to  her  signal  hal- 
liards, which  the  ej^  could  not  distinctly  trace  in  her  shadowy  and 
inverted  image.  The  buoy  of  our  best  bower  floated  abreast  oar 
larboard  bow;  and  that,  too,  was  so  strongly  ima^d,  that  its  en- 
tire bulk  seemed  to  lie  above  the  water,  just  resting  on  it,  as  it 
upborne  on  a  sea  of  molten  lead ;  except  when  now  and  then,  the 
minging  of  a  swab,  or  the  dashing  of  a  bucket  overboard  from  the 
haad,  broke  up  the  shadow  for  a  moment,  nnd  showed  the  sub- 
•tanee  bat  half  its  former  apparent  size.  A  small  polacca  craft 
bad  fot  andarway  firom  Manon  in  the  course  of  the  ibrenoon,  iii> 
'-^-^IQ  1^^  o^^  iQ  B«re|lo«i*  but  ft  foil  dead  calm  jaif| 


Lira. 


TBI  MAIIf-TBUOK,  OR  A.  LXAr  FOR  Lira. 


S59 


kir  wu  tightniog 

temporary  ahed, 

pat  the  aailmaker 

been  rent  or  in- 

in  a  very  few  days 
re  set  up  and  new 
Iffging  rove,  and 
iTa-taunt-o,  look- 
ice  of  the  etorm- 
|e  booms  and  other 
allant-maats,  and 
|st  enough  for  sky« 
Id  frigate  looked 
the  harbor;  but 
ty,  her  main-truck 
-head.     The  side- 
le  skysails,  looked 
for  a  midshipman'i 
large  as  the  TurkV 
lation  ladder, 
id  man-of-war  fash> 
|th  about  half  wav 
a  pleasant  view  it 
one  of  the  safest 
world.     The  water 
es  about  four  miles 
'  n  mile  in  width-— is 
delightful  afternoon 
miess  as  a  polished 
ripples  by  tne  pad- 
wind  we  had  had  in 
od,  though  the  fint 
iar  the  horizon,  not 
!ep  serenity  of  the 
ir  fh>m  us,  was  so 
le  water,  that  there 
to  her  signal  haf- 
in  her  shadowy  and 
floated  abreast  our 
imaged,  that  its  en- 
resting  on  it,  as  it 
I  now  and  then,  the 
t  overboard  from  tha 
id  showed  the  sub> 
imall  polacca  cref| 
>f  the  ibrenoon,  in* 
ML  dead  calm  jtt|| 


before  she  reached  the  chops  of  the  harbor;  and  there  she  lay  aa 
motionlesa  upon  the  blue  surface,  as  if  she  were  only  part  of  a 
mimic  scene,  from  the  pencil  of  some  accomplished  painter.  Het 
broad  cotton  lateen-sails,  as  they  hung  drooping  from  the  slanting 
and  taper  yards,  shone  with  a  glistening  whiteness  that  contrasted 
beautil'ully  with  the  dark  flood  m  which  they  were  reflected;  and 
the  difltant  sound  of  the  guitar,  which  one  of  the  sailors  was 
listlessly  playing  on  her  deck,  came  sweetly  over  the  water,  and 
harmonized  well  with  the  quiet  appearance  of  every  thing  around. 
The  whitewashed  walls  of  the  lazaretto,  on  a  verdant  headland  at 
the  mouth  of  the  bay,  glittered  liko  silver  in  the  slant  rays  of  the 
sun ;  and  some  of  its  windows  were  burnished  so  brightly  by  the 
level  beams,  that  it  seemed  as  if  the  whole  interior  of  the  edifice 
were  in  flames.  On  the  opposite  side,  the  romantic  and  pictur> 
esque  ruins  of  fort  St.  Philip,  faintly  seen,  acquired  double 
beauty  from  being  tipped  with  the  declining  light;  and  the  clusters 
of  ancient-looking  windmills,  which  dot  the  green  eminences 
along  the  bank,  added,  by  the  motionless  state  of  their  wings,  to 
the  eflect  of  the  unbroken  tranquillity  of  the  scene. 

Even  on  board  our  vessel,  a  degree  of  stillness  unusual  for  a 
man-of-war  prevailed  among  the  crew.  It  wns  the  hour  of  their 
evening  meal;  and  the  low  hum  that  came  from  the  gun-deck 
had  an  indistinct  and  buzzing  spund,  which,  like  the  tiny  song  of 
bees  of  a  warm  summer  noon,  rather  heightened  than  diminished 
the  charm  of  the  surrounding  quiet.  The  spar-deck  was  almost 
deserted.  The  quarter-master  of  the  watch,  with  his  spy-glass 
in  his  hand,  and  dressed  in  a  frock  and  trowsers  of  snowy  miite- 
ness,  stood  aft  upon  the  taflrel,  erect  and  motionless  as  a  statue, 
keeping  the  usual  look-out.  A  group  of  some  half  a  dozen  sailors 
had  gathered  together  on  the  fo'castle,  where  they  were  supinely 
lying  under  the  shade  of  the  bulwarks;  and  here  and  there,  upon 
the  gun-slides  along  the  gangway,  sat  three  or  four  others— one, 
with  his  clothes-bag  beside  him,  overhauling  his  simple  wardrobe; 
another  working  a  set  of  clues  for  some  favorite  officer's  hammock; 
and  a  third  engaged,  perhaps,  in  carving  his  name  in  rude  letten 
upon  the  handle  of  a  jack-knife,  or  in  knotting  a  laniard  with 
wnich  to  suspend  it  round  his  neck. 

On  the  top  of  the  boom  cover,  and  in  the  full  glare  of  the  level 
sun,  lay  black  Jake,  the  jig-maker  of  the  ship,  and  'a  striking 
specimen  of  African  peculiarities,  in  whose  single  person  they 
were  all  strongly  developed.  His  flat  nose  was  dilated  to  unusual 
width,  and  his  ebony  cheeks  fairly  glistened  with  delight,  as  he 
looked  up  at  the  gambols  of  a  large  monkey,  which,  clinging  to 
the  main-stay,  just  above  Jake's  woolly  head,  was  chattering  and 
grinning  back  at  the  negro,  as  if  there  existed  some  means  of 
mutuai  intelligence  between  them.  It  was  my  watch  on  deck, 
•otf  I  had  been  standing  several  minotes  leaning  on  the  main  fife- 
tipi  <una«in|  o^wlf  by  obnenriof  the  antiei  Qf  the  blick  vn^  Us 


'''i' 


900 


m  S(AIlf>TBVGK,  OB  A   LBAV  fOft  tWI. 


eoDgenial  playmate;  but  at  length,  tiring  of  the  rode  mirth,  had 
torned  towards  the  taflrel,  to  gaze  on  the  more  agreeable  features 
of  that  scene  which  I  have  feebly  atVampted  to  describe.  Just  it 
that  moment  a  shout  and  a  nierrjr  laugh  burst  upon  my  ear,  and 
looking  quickly  round,  to  ascertain  the  cause  of  the  unusual 
sound  on  a  frigate's  deck,  I  saw  little  Bob  Stay  (as  we  called  our 
commodore's  son)  standing  half  the  way  up  the  main-hatch  lad- 
der,  clapping  his  hands,  and  looking  aloft  at  some  object  that 
seemed  to  in8|,*ire  him  with  a  deal  of  glee.  A  single  glance  to 
the  main-yard  explained  the  occasion  of  his  merriment.  He  had 
been  coming  up  from  the  gun-deck,  when  Jacko,  perceiving  him 
on  the  ladder,  dropped  suddenly  down  from  the  main-stay,  and 
running  along  the  boom-cover,  leaped  upon  Bob's  shoulder, 
seized  his  cap  from  his  head,  and  ii^mediately  darted  up  the 
main-topsail  sheet,  and  thence  to  the  bunt  of  the  mainyard, 
where  he  now  sat,  picking  threads  from  the  tassal  of  his  prize, 
and  occasionally  scratching  his  side,  and  chattering,  as  if  with 
exultation  for  the  success  of  his  mischief.  But  Bob  was  a 
sprightly,  active  little  fellow;  and  though  he  could  not  climb 
quite  as  nimble  as  a  monkey,  yet  he  had  no  mind  to  lose  his  cap 
without  an  effort  to  regain  it.  Perhaps  he  was  the  more  strongly 
incited  to  make  chase  after  Jacko,  from  noticing  me  to  smile  at 
bis  plight,  or  by  the  loud  laugh  of  Jake,  who  seemed  inexpressibly 
delighted  at  the  occurrence,  and  endeavored  to  evince,  by  tuml^ 
ling  about  the  boom-cloth,  shaking  bis  huge  misshapen  head,  and 
sundry  other  grotesque  actions,  the  pleasures  for  which  he  had  no 
words. 

"  Ha,  you  d — n  rascal,  Jocko,  hab  you  no  more  respee'  for  de 
young  officer,  den  to  steal  his  cab?  We  bring  you  to  de  gang- 
way, you  black  nigger,  and  gib  you  a  dozen  on  de  bare  back  for 
a  tief." 

The  monkey  looked  down  from  his  perch  as  if  he  understood 
the  threat  of  the  negro,  and  chattered  a  sort  of  defiance  in  an- 
swer. 

"  Ha,  ha!  Massa  Stay,  he  say  you  mus'  ketch  bim  'fore  you 
flog  him;  and  it's  no  so  ea^  for  a  midshipman  in  botrts  to  ketch 
a  monkey  barefoot." 

A  red  spot  mounted  to  the  cheek  of  little  Bob,  aa  he  cast  one 
glance  of  ofiended  pride  at  Jake,  and  then  apranc  across  the  deck 
to  the  Jacob's  ladder.  In  an  instant  he  was  halt'way  up  the  rig- 
rinff,  running  over  the  ratlines  aa  lightly  aa  if  they  were  an  easy 
flignt  of  stairs,  whilst  the  shrouds  scarcely  quivered  beneath  his 
clastic  motion.     In  a  second  more  his  hand  was  on  the  futtocks. 

"Massa  Stay!"  cried  Jake,  who  sometimes,  from  being  a 
favorite,  ventured  to  take  liberties  with  the  younger  officers, 
"  Massa  Stay,  you  best  crawl  through  de  lubber's  hole— it  take 
a  sailor  toxlimb  a  futtock  shroud."  - 

But  he  Sad  scarcely  time  to  utter  bis  pitteaded  eautioB,  before 


Lira. 

Ihe  rode  mirth,  hid 

e  agreeable  features 

describe.    Just  at 

It  upon  my  ear,  and 

jse  of  the   unusual 

My  (as  we  called  our 

the  main-batch  lad- 

at  some  object  that 

A  single  glance  to 

merriment.     He  had 

icko,  perceiving  him 

the  main-stay,  and 

Ipon  Bob's  shoulder, 

lately  darted  up  the 

Int   of  the  mainyard, 

lie  tassal  of  his  prize, 

'chattering,  as  if  with 

if.     But   Bob  was  a 

he  could  not  climb 

>  mind  to  lose  bis  cap 

was  the  more  strongly 

ticing  me  to  smile  at 

fi  seemed  inexpressibly 
d  to  evince,  by  tumb« 
e  misshapen  head,  and 
■es  for  which  he  had  no 

no  more  reapee'  for  de 
bring  vou  to  de  gang- 
in  on  de  bare  back  foir 

:h  as  if  he  understood 
ort  of  defiance  in  an- 

i'  ketch  him  'fore  you 
man  in  boots  to  ketch 

e  Bob,  as  he  cast  one 
sprans  across  the  deck 
i»  half'Way  up  the  rig- 
if  they  were  an  easy 
'  quivered  beneath  his 
1  was  on  the  futtocks. 
letimes,  from  being  a 
the  younger  officers, 
lubber's  hole— it  take 

iteadcd  eauU«n,  b«ibrt 


nu  MAnrymvcx,  ok  a  lbaf  fob  ura. 


a»i 


ISSffi 


Krr 


Bob  was  in  the  top.  The  monkey  in  the  meanwhile  had  awaited 
his  approach,  until  he  had  got  nearly  up  the  rigging,  when  it 
suddenly  put  the  cap  on  its  own  head,  and  running  along  the 
yard  to  the  opposite  side  of  the  top,  sprang  up  a  rope,  and  thence 
to  the  topmast  backstay,  up  which  it  ran  to  the  topmast  cross- 
trees,  where  it  again-  quietly  seated  itself,  and  resumed  its  work 
of  picking  the  tassel  to  pieces.  For  several  minutes  I  stood 
watching  my  little  messmate  follow  Jacko  from  one  piece  of  rig- 
ging to  another,  the  monkey,  all  the  while,  seeming  to  exert  only 
so  much  agility  as  was  necessary  to  elude  the  pursuer,  and  paus- 
ing whenever  the  latter  appeared  to  be  growing  weary  of  the 
chRfte.  At  last,  by  ti;is  kind  of  manauvring,  tne  mischievous 
animal  succeeded  in  erticing  Bob  as  high  as  the  ro|al-mast> 
bead,  when  springing  suddenly  on  the  royal-8tay,  it  ran  nimbly 
down  to  the  fore-to'gallant-mast  head,  thence  down  the  rigging  to 
the  fore-top,  when  leaping  on  the  foreyard,  it  ran  out  to  the  yard- 
arm,  and  hung  the  cap  on  the  end  of  the  studding-sail  boom, 
where,  taking  its  seat,  it  raised  a  loud  and  exulting  chattering. 
Bob  by  this  time  was  completely  tired  out,  and,  perhaps,  unwilling 
to  return  to  the  deck  to  be  laughed  at  for  his  fruitless  chase,  he 
sat  down  on  the  royal  cross-trees;  while  those  who  had  been 
attracted  by  the  sport,  returned  to  their  usual  avocations  or 
amusements.  The  monkey,  no'  longer  the  object  of  pursuit  or 
attention,  remained  but  a  little  while  on  the  yard-arm ;  but  soon 
taking  up  the  cap,  returned  in  towards  the  slings,  and  dropped  it 
down  upon  deck. 

Some  little  piece  of  duty  occurred  at  this  moment  to  engage 
me,  as  soon  as  which  was  performed  I  walked  ail,  and  leaning 
my  elbow  on  the  tafirel,  was  quickly  lost  in  the  recollection  ot 
scenes  very  different  from  the  small  pantomime  I  had  just  been 
witnessing.  Soothed  by  the  low  hum  of  the  crew,  and  by  the 
quiet  loveliness  of  every  thing  around,  my  thoughts  had  travelled 
far  away  from  the  realities  of  my  situation,  when  I  was  suddenly 
startled  by  a  cry  from  black  Jake,  which  brought  me  on  the  instant 
back  to  consciousness. 

"  My  God!  Massa  Scupper,"  cried  ho,  "  Massa  Stay  is  on  de 
main-truck!" 

A  cold  shudder  ran  through  my  veins  as  the  word  reached  my 
ear.  I  cast  my  eyes  up— it  was  too  true!  The  adventurous  boy, 
after  resting  on  the  royal  cross-trees,  had  been  seized  with  a  wish 
to  go  still  higher,  and  impelled  by  one  of  those  impulsed  by  which 
Riun  are  sometimes  instigated  to  place  themselves  in  situations 
of  imminent  peril  without  a  possibility  of  good  resulting  from  the 
exposure,  he  had  climbed  theiskysail-pole,  and,  at  the  moment  of 
iny  looking  up,  was  actually  standing  on  the  main-truck !  u  small 
circular  piece  of  wood  on  the  very  aummit  of  the  loftiest  mast, 

irned  dizzy 

\;a9  true  in 

SI 


uid  at  a  height  so  sreat  from  the  deck  that  my  brain  (iir; 
M 1  looked  up  at  bun     The  reverae  of  Virgil's  line  wi 


; 

; 


.cend-my  headBwa™         ^^^^  ^^^  T  -iriand  beneath  him. 
nothing  but  a  P";*' *  ^^e  deck  than  the  button  on  tn  ^^^ 

certain  death;  be  ^^'T*  ,,  .  crushed  and  sbapeies-  j 

precipitated  to  V*^«,XuKhtsihat  crowded  through^^^ 
IsB  the  nature  of  ^he  thougnis        ^^^^.^^^      ^y,  °L  horrible  exi- 
fi«t.raised  -y  eye   -dj-   h.„  rS:^Z' ^X^^t.'l 

p-f  Kii^;-r is.T^^^^^^^^^  ^lit^A'^ 

!;»  to  ensure  h  «  J"'J;   .;^„,e  of  his  peril;  8J«*.  {  ^ek  turn 
Already  perceived  he  mrni^.^  ^^  n?'Ue  the  d'A  cata..  . 
that     could  see  his  ^m         |  ^  '"Tyet  could  not  with- 

deadly  pale.     t'Very  .  ^^^j^  ^  him,  and  yei  c  ^^^ 

trophe.     I  could  n«'  J^'^^^^e  over  my  eyes,  and  a  famt  ^^ 

*'''hrt''Thc  ^m'^ere  seemed  toj--  tin  J;  ^  appeared 
my  heart.     *  ne  »        r      .    ^^^ad  a  turnace ,  n»y«f If  *»** 

an'd  waver  I'J^.  f/jitjto  pas*  fr«"l  ""'*''' S  he  ght,  Z  makinR 

fanciesj^eis  shoved  Irom     P  j,,,aful  object  f 

tppalhng—the  neari  o  j^    j^,j,c  fastenea  in  »enow8— 

up,  turned  pale,  and  ms  eye  ^  ^^ecution  «»  „e%  aazc,  a« 

truVk-like  that  of  a  apect^^^^^^  ^^  T'tJe  awfuW"«P««''«'- 

with  a  steadfast,  """""J^JJ^,  termination  to  g«"7;"'uL,  every 
If  momently  «''P«'=i'"8  r»^„o  one  spoke.     Every  fe*J'5|;     ji 

lipt  when  Ui»  vta  Uropp«a  ag«u, 


Lira. 

jiseend — ^but  to  de* 

[felt  sick  at  thought 

There  was  nothing 

-and  beneath  him, 

Instable  wheel,  that 

Ion  on  the  end  of  a 

ply  larger  than  the 

kempt  to  stoop,  what 

jit?     His  feet  quite 

It  he  stood  upon,  and 

nich  seemed  to  bend 

lom  destruction.    An 

would  be  almost 

equilibrium,  and  be 

japeless  mass.     Such 

through  my  mind  as  I 

ruth  of  Jake's  excla- 

jing  and  horrible  exi- 

Jiis  danger,  would  be 

Fied  that  the  rash  boy 

Iril;  and  I  half  thought 

r,  and  his  cheek  turn 

see  the  drosdrul  catas*  , 

^nd  yet  could  not  with- 

ss,  and  a  faintness  over 

)w  thick,  and  to  tremble 

lace ;  the  mast  appeared 

my  feet.    I  myself  had 

reat  height,  and  making 

that  of  a  dreamer  who 

taggered  up  against  ths 

the  dreadful  object  to 
ind  consciousness  came 
ts  already  crowded  with 
>B  temerity  had  spread 

news  always  will— and 

0  the  deck  to  behold  the 
Every  one,  aS  he  looked 
itened  in  silence  on  the 
cution  on  the  gallows— 
,  yet  abhorrent  gaze,  as 

1  to  the  awful  suspense. 
B.  Every  feeling,  every 
)wed  up  in  one  deep,  in* 
it  lieutenant  seized  the 
ad  scarce  raised  it  to  hit 
Dk  UaUeMly  jown  b«i>d« 


xn  HMK-ruvn,  ok  ▲  uav  iob  tin.  iM 

him,  as  if  from  a  sad  consciousneis  of  the  utter  inutility  of  what 
he  had  been  going  to  say.  Every  soul  in  the  ship  was  now  on 
the  spar-deck,  and  every  eye  was  turned  to  the  main-truck. 

At  this  moment  there  was  a  stir  among  the  crew  about  the 
gangway,  and  directly  aAer  another  face  was  added  to  those  ou 
the  quarter-deck — it  was  that  of  the  commodore,  Bob's  father. 
He  had  come  alongside  in  a  shore  boat,  without  having  been 
noticed  by  a  sinsle  eye,  so  intense  and  universal  was  the  interest 
that  had  fastened  every  gaze  upon  the  spot  where  poor  Bob  stood 
trembling  on  the .  awful  verge  of  fate.  The  commodore  asked 
not  a  question,  uttered  not  a  syllable.  He  wns  a  dark-faced, 
austere  man,  and  it  was  thought  by  some  of  the  midshipmen  that 
he  entertained  but  little  afiection  for  his  son.  However  that 
might  have  been,  it  was  certain  that  he  treated  him  with  precisely 
the  same  strict  discipline  that  he  did  the  other  young  officers,  or 
if  there  was  any  difference  at  all,  it  was  not  in  favor  of  Bob. 
Some,  who  pretended  to  have  studied  his  character  closely,  aS- 
firmed  that  he  loved  his  boy  too  well  tO' spoil  him,  and  that,  i»> 
tending  him  for  tho  arduous  profession  in  which  he  had  himself 
risen  to  fame  and  eminence,  he  thought  it  would  be  of  service 
to  him  to  experience  some  of  its  privations  and  hardships  at  th# 
outset. 

The  arrival  of  the  commodore  changed  the  direction  of 
several  eyes,  which  now  turned  on  him  to  trace  what  emotions 
the  danger  of  his  son  would  occasion.  But  their  scrutiny  wai 
foiled.  By  no  outward  sign  did  he  show  wnat  was  passing  with- 
in. His  eye  still  retained  its  severe  expression,  his  brow  the 
slight  frown  which  it  usually  wore,  and  his  Hp  its  haughty  curl. 
Immediately  on  reaching  the  deck,  he  had  ordered  a  marine  to 
hand  him  h  musket,  and  with  this  stepping  aA,  and  getting  on  tho 
bokout-block,  he  raised  it  to  his  shoulder,  and  took  a  deliberate 
aim  at  his  son,  at  the  same  time  hailing  him,  without  a  trumpet, 
b  his  voice  of  thunder. 

"Robert!"' cried  he,  "jump!  jump  overboard!  or  I'll  fire  at 
you." 

The  bo^  seemed  to  hesitate,  and  it  was  plain  that  he  was  totter^ 
ing,  for  his  arms  were  thrown  out  like  those  of  one  noBx^^ly  ablt 
to  retain  his  balance.  The  commodore  raised  his  voice  again, 
and  in  a  quicker  and  more  energetic  tone  cried, 

"  Jump!  't  is  your  only  chance  for  life." 

The  words  were  scarcely  out  of  his  mouth,  before  the  bod? 
was  seen  to  leave  the  truck  and  spring  out  into  the  air.  A  sound, 
between  a  shriek  and  groan  burst  from  many  lips.  The  father 
Bjpoke  not— sighed  not — indeed  he  did  not  seem  to  breathe. 
}or  a  moment  of  intense  agony  a  pin  might  have  been  heard  to 
drop  on  deck.  With  a  rush  like  that  of  a  cannon  ball,  the  bodjr 
descended  to  the  water,  and  before  the  waves  closed  over  it, 
twenty  atout  fellowa,  unong  theniMvertl  officers,  had  dived  froa 


iMilliM 


required  to  reatorehwm'n  succeeded.     As  boo 

l««nd.  «^f;^^hed^iS'hK  when 

t^overed  from  the  ««»         ^^^  him;  and  it  Nvas  uow         ^ 


TOE  HABPOOKER  TBANSPOBT.  ^ 

!«.♦  near  NewfoundlaM, 
Th.  Wrod  tr«»P«rt  Harpooner  jw  ^o-*  JJ^^^.a  ,„d  eighty 

JSghten'tho  terror  and  ^^aj^^.^^lJbt.  ,hich.  in  the  conft...oD. 


',Ta?i(ffliiHF>'"»- 


TUB  HAB»O0I»»  «■««««• 


•r  BWpeftM  ensoad 
o  move!-he  rtruck 
ineofaman^f-war. 
,  and  unreatramable 
undred  men,  pealed 
Till  thi»  moment, 
le  eyea,  that  glUten. 
thatitwasaghypde. 
but  his  knees  ^eiit 
Bdputuphnhand.B* 

Jished  h  .  ob«>^. 
„onthed^ck,hadhe 

e  was  borne  into  to 
hose  utmost  sk.U  «w 
luabiUty  and  eelf*"?- 
ded.  As  «.on  w  f 
t  for  Bob.  and Jiad  a 
i  t  was  noticed  Jheu 

n  tears  The  next  day 
.nd  replaced  them  wW| 
rd,  we  weighed  aochot, 


ilNSPORT. 

lost  near  NewfoundlajJ, 
ihree  hundred  aud  eighty 
ing  the  ship'B  company, 
it?  of  several  rcgunem.. 
^ay  to  Quebec-  On  Sat 
pinutes  after  nine ---'oclt^ 
««  the  ship's  agrooi  .i.  « 
noi  rock  of  St.  ShoM^,  ir 

at  over,  and  prf'f- *-'\* 
,„d  filled;  encircleoaa^ng 
jhtdark.andav^.;  jv> 
arboard  beam  end;  and  w 
hted  candle  com^nunicaUd 
in.  which,  in  the  confUsion. 

TJ^^n.   in  tuis  aituauon 
^M»«f  the  •ea^rusning  w 


•^  .war  the  births  and  stauncheon.  b^J«^^;  kWed 
aarriM  away  *"'  „i.;i4,en  vrere  drowned,  ana  mo.  j 
^«'  women,  and  chUd«>n  J  ^^^^  ^"°'  / J^at  p^JlSy 

by  the  force  '"^^'Xe,.  which  floated  b«»<>J-  ^Honfusion  that 
/age.  casks,  and  staves.  ^^^  «T  „?er  to  the  soldiera 

^^'\^A   tT  orders  of  the  tT.^^L'l^ry  onSU^  *•«; 
prevailed,  the  ore  ,  ^^^^j^  '^S k  *hJ  '^o^AA  instantly 

and  seamen  were  un»         e         ^  ^jj  ^gh  •»«  y.    ^„bo«rd 

JS  were  anxiously  praying  for  the  ^^      j^j,^  lowered  doWB. 
wrecK  were  ^g  ,n  tne  "'"""        .  i^  _f  their  nvM, 

pushed  off  to  tn  ^^^^.^^  ^  ^igh  '»%  "f*  ijoe  was  thtowo 

upon  the  mam  lan  ^^^„  d„ven.    The   og  »      ^  ^^  j^.  but 

stern  of  the  vessel  n  ^^^^  ^"KK^LeteA  it  imprao- 

from  the  '  '«f 'jtemendSus  surf  that  ''"jrfe  pts  ib""/  'f 
darkness,  and  the  treme  ^^  ""'^rtU  miter:  the  ani- 

ticable.    During  this  awiu  ^^g„„ed  to  the  n»J««\j^^  ,ouod 

ofttieUne  being  on  board,  ,  uh  the  first  perwo 

to  the  rocl%  ^^  J    the  morning  of;»'Vv  an  improvement  in 

At  about  SIX  o  cIock  i"  afterwards,  by  an  impi 

wnl  landed  by  this  "J»^^^„*"tach  individual  in  •Imga^jy^^^^^^ 

rigging  the  ^of^^f^^SeA  from  the  wreck;  but  dunng^^ 

y,%  greater  fa^'^'^j^^fh"  utmost  difficulty  rtiat^he"  ^^ 

=;:uJmS^^-:^t-^:^ 

,™e  were  JragSe*  ?„«  bSo.  no"'"'  »  '?  ?  SJmJS<«A  of 
The  f«p«  "l  ton**' •y       91« 


968 


TBB  HABroemn  nunsvoKT 


•erONthe  sharp  rock,  was  cut  in  two;  and  there  being  no  meana 
of  replacing  it,  the  spectucle  became  more  than  ever  terrific;  the 
aea  beating  over  the  wreck  with  great  violence,  washed  numbera 
overboard ;  and  at  last  the  wreck,  breaking  up  at  the  stern  from 
midships  and  forecastle,  precipitated  all  that  remained  into  one 
common  destruction. 

The  parting  of  the  ship  was  noticed  by  those  on  shore,  and 
signiliect  with  the  most  dreadftil  cry  of  "Go  FoRWiiRD!" — It  is 
di%cult  to  paint  the  horror  of  the  scene; — children  clinging  to 
their  parents  for  help;  parents  themselves  utruggling  with  death, 
and  stretching  out  their  feeble  arms  to  save  their  children,  dying 
within  their  grasp. 

The  total  number  of  persons  lost  was  two  hundred  and  eight, 
and  one  hundred  and  seventy-seven  were  saved. 

Lieutenant  Mylrea,  of  the  4th  Veteran  Battalion,  one  of  the 
oldest  subalterns  in  the  service,  and  then  upwards  of  seventy 

J  ears  of  age,  was  the  last  person  who  quitted  the  wreck ;  when 
e  had  seen  every  other  person  either  safe,  or  beyond  the  power 
of  aHgistiince,  he  threw  himself  on  to  a  rock,  from  which  he  was 
afterwards  rescued. 

Among  the  severest  sufferers,  was  the  daughter  of  Surgeon 
Armstrong,  who  lost  on  this  fatal  night  her  father,  mother,  brother, 
and  two  sisters! 

The  rock  which  the  survivors  were  landed  upon^  wns  about  one 
hundred  feet  above  the  water,  surrounded  at  the  flowing  of  the 
tide.  On  the  top  of  this  rock  they  were  obliged  to  remain  during 
the  whole  of  the  night,  without  shelter,  food,  or  nourishment,  ex- 
posed to  wind  and  rain,  and  many  without  shoes.  The  only 
comf'irt  that  presented  itself  was  a  Are,  which  was  made  from 
pieces  of  the  wreck  that  had  been  washed  ashore. 

At  daylight  on  the  morning  of  the  12th,  at  low  water,  their 
removal  to  the  opposite  land  was  effected,  some  being  let  down  by 
a  rope,  others  slippiiig  down  a  ladder  to  the  bottom.  Afler  they 
crossed  over,  they  directed  their  corrse  to  a  house  oi  fisherman's 
shed,  distant  about  a  mile  and  a  lioif  from  the  wreck,  where  they 
remained  until  the  next  day;  the  proprietor  of  this  miserable  shed 
not  having  the  means  of  supplying  relief  to  so  con8icl(:r.^bie  a  num- 
ber as  took  refuge.  •  pai-ty  went  over  land  to  Ti'^passy,  about 
fourteen  miles  di  '  it,  through  a  marshy  country,  net  inhabited 
by  any  human  creature.     This  party  arrived  at  Trepassy,  and  re- 

Sorted  the  event  to  Messrs.  Jackson,  Burke,  Sims,  and  the  Rev. 
fr.  Brown,  who  immediately  took  measures  for  alleviating  the 
dist'essed,  by  despatching  men  with  provisions  and  spirits,  and 
to  assist  in  bringing  all  those  forward  to  Trepassy  who  could 
walk. 

On  the  19th,  in  the  ev^niDg,  ibe  major  part  of  the  survivors 
^sisted  b}'  the  inhabitants,  ,who,  durins  the  journey  carried 
the  weak  and  feeble  jpon  their  becks)  errHred  at  Trepassy  where 


na 

I  there  being  no  meana 
than  ever  terrific ;  the 
lence,  washed  numbers 
Ig  up  at  the  atern  rrom 
pat  remained  into  one 

■y  those  on  shore,  and 
1  Go  Forward!"— It  is 
I — children  clinging  to 
lutrugglingwith  death, 
e  their  children,  dying 

wo  hundred  and  eight, 

laved. 

I  Battalion,  one  of  the 

en  upwards  of  seventy 

itted  the  wreck;  when 

e,  or  hcyond  the  power 

•ck,  from  which  he  was 

B  daughter  of  Surgeon 
father,  mother,  brother, 

ed  upon^  was  about  one 
d  at  the  flowing  of  the 
l>bJiged  to  remain  during 
»od,  or  nourishment,  ex- 
liout  shoes.  The  only 
which  was  made  from 
I  ashore. 

th,  at  low  water,  their 
some  being  let  down  by 
he  bottom.     After  they 
»  a  house  Of  fisherman's 
the  wreck',  where  they 
ir  of  this  miserable  shed 
so  considerjibic  a  aum- 
nd  to  Ti'ipassy,  about 
country,  no?  inhabited 
sd  at  Trepassy,  and  rp- 
ke,  Sims,  and  the  Rev. 
ires  for  alleviatirtg  the 
isions  and  spirits,  and 
'  Trepassy  who  could 

r  part  of  the  survivors 
I  the  journey  carried 
ved  at  Trepaaay  where 


COMMODOBB  BAEITBT.  Wm 

they  ware  billeted,  by  order  of  the  magistrate,  proporticnably 
upon  each  house. 

There  still  remained  at  St.  Shotts,  the  wife  of  a  serjeant  of  the 
Veteran  Battalion ;  with  a  child,  of  which  she  was  delivered  ot 
the  top  of  the  rocks  shortly  after  she  was  saved.  A  private,  whose 
leg  was  broken,  and  a  woman  severely  bruised  by  the  wreck,  ivere 
also  necessarily  left  there. 

Immediately  after  the  arrival  at  Trepassy,  measures  were  adopt" 
ed  for  the  comfort  and  refreshment  ef  the  detachments,  and  boats 
wore  provided  for  their  removal  to  St.  John's,  where  they  ultimate- 
ly  arrived  in  safety. 


COMMODORE   BARNEY. 

"  The  old  Commodore, 

Tlie  fighting  old  Cuinmodore  he." 

Xo  old  Triton  who  has  passed  his  calms  under  the  bows  of  the 
long  boat  could  say  of  Joshua  Barney  that  he  came  into  a  master's 
berth  through  the  cabin  windows,  lie  began  at  the  rudiments, 
and  well  he  understood  the  science.  Ail  his  predilections  were 
for  the  sea.  Having  deserted  the  counting  room,  young  Barney, 
at  the  age  of  twelve,  was  placed  for  nautical  instruction  in  a  pilot 
boat  at  Baltimore,  till  he  was  apprenticed  to  his  brother-in-law. 
At  the  age  of  fourteen,  he  was  appointed  second  mate,  with  the 
approbation  of  the  owners,  and  before  he  was  sixteen  he  was  call- 
ed upon  to  take  charge  of  his  ship  at  sea,,  in  which  the  master 
died.  This  was  on  a  voyage  to  Nice.  The  ship  was  in  such  a 
state  that  it  was  barely  possible  to  make  Gibraltar,  where  for 
necessary  repairs  he  pledged  her  for  £700,  to  be  repaid  by  the 
consignee  at  Nice,  who  however  declined,  and  called  in  the  aid 
of  the  Governor  to  compel  Barney  to  deliver  the  cargo,  which  he 
had  refused  to  do.  Ue  was  imprisoned,  but  set  at  large  on  some 
intimation  that  he  would  do  as  desired,  but  when  he  came  on  board, 
he  struck  his  Aug,  and  removed  his  crew,  choosing  to  consider 
his  vessel  as  captured.  He  then  set  out  for  Milan,  to  solicit  the 
aid  of  the  British  Ambassador  there,  in  which  he  succeeded  so 
well,  that  the  authorities  of  Nice  mt-A  him  on  his  return  to  apolo- 
gize for  their .  conduct.  The  a&sigaeas  i}Rid  tht.>  boi.d,  and  Bar- 
ncy  sailPil  for  Alicant,  where  his  voss-.l  wus  detained  for  the  use 
of  the  great  armada,  then  fitting  ou^  a)j.in<vt  Algiers,  the  fate  of 
which  was  total  and  shameful  defevt.  On  his  return  homo,  his 
employer  was  bo  well  satisfied  with  Mti  conduct,  that  he  became 
his  firm  friend  ever  after.  He  soon  olfered  himself  as  second  in 
oommand  on  board  the  sloop  Hornet,  ciTten  guns,  one  of  two  ves- 


^•llfcl#    ■!<        il    I     lilt 


r:^.^^.liUilAl.^flllilBiei!W|""  ■- 


308 


coMMOsoM  njomw. 


.  sels  then  preparing  for  a  eruiae  under  Commodore  Hopkim,  (or 
this  was  in  the  early  part  of  the  revolution.  The  sloop  fell  in 
with  a  British  tender,  which  she  might  have  captured,  but  for 
the  timidity  of  the  American  captain.  The  tender,  mistaking  her 
enemy,  ran  alongside  and  exposed  herself  to  much  danger.  Bar- 
ney, ptood  by  one  of  the  guns  as  the  enemy  came  near,  and  was 
about  to  apply  the  match,  when  the  bold  coipmander  commanded 
him  to  desist.  Barney,  whose  spirit  revolted  at  such  a  oause, 
threw  his  match-stick  at  the  captain,  with  such  force  that  the  iron 
point  stuck  in  the  door  of  the  round-house.  This,  in  a  youth  not 
seventeen,  argued  well  for  the  pugnacity  of  the  man.  At  the  end 
of  this  cruise,  he  volunteered  on  board  the  schooner  Wasp,  in 
which  he  soon  had  a  brush  with  th^Roebuck  and  another  frigate, 
and  with  the  aid  of  some  galleys  in  which  he  had  a  command,  the 
enemy  was  forced  to  retreat,  with  more  loss  than  honor.  Barney, 
for  his  good  conduct  in  this  afiair,  was  appointed  to  the  command 
of  the  sloop  Sachem,  with  the  commission  of  Lieutenant,  before 
he  was  seventeen.  Before  the  cruise,  however.  Captain  Robin- 
son took  command  of  the  Sachem,  which  soon  had  an  action  with 
a  letter-of-mai  que  of  superior  force  and  numbers.  It  was  well  con- 
tested, and  nearly  half  the  crew  of  the  brig  were  killed  or  wound- 
ed. In  about  two  hours  the  letter-of-marque  struck.  The  captors 
secured  a  vatuabit  prize,  in  a  cargo  of  rum,  and  also  a  magiiiticent 
turtle,  intended  as  a  present  to  Lord  North,  whose  name  was 
marked  on  the  shell.  This  acceptable  West-Indian,  Lieutenant 
Barney  presented  to  a  better  man  than  it  had  been  designed  for, 
l*or  he  gave  it  to  the  Hon.  R.  Morris.  On  the  return  of  the  Sa- 
ohem,  both  officers  were  transferred  to  a  fine  brig  of  fourteen 
guns,  the  Andrew  Doria,  which  forthwith  captured  the  Racehorse, 
•if  twelve  guns,  and  a  picked  crew.  This  vessel  was  of  the  Royal 
Navy,  and  had  been  detached  by  the  Admiral  purposely  to  take 
the  Doria;  but,  saith  the  proverb,  if  two  men  ride  the  same  horse, 
')ne  must  ride  behind. 

On  this  voyage  a  snow  was  captured,  in  which  the  Lieutenant 
went  as  prize  master,  making  up  his  crew  partly  of  the  prisoners. 
Being  hard  by  an  enemy's  ship,  he  discovered  signs  of  mutiny 
among  his  crew,  and  shot  the  ringleader  in  the  shoulder;  a  pro- 
.  ceeding  that  offered  so  little  encouragement  to  his  comrades,  that 
they  obeyed  orders,  and  niiade  sail,  but  it  was  toe  late  to  escape. 
The  purser  of  the  frigate  which  captured  him,  was,  on  a  subse- 
qrient  occasion,  so  much  excited  as  to  strike  Barney,  who  knocked 
him  down,  and  went  further  in  his  resentment  than  fair  fighting 
permits,  for  he  kicked  him  down  the  gangway. — The  commander 
oblijrnd  th«i  purser  to  apologize  to  Barney.  Having  been  cap- 
tured in  the  Virginia  frigate,  which  ran  aground  at  the  Capes, 
and  was  deserted  by  her  commander,  Bamoy,  with  five  hundred 
other  prisoners,  was  sent  round,  in  the  St.  Albans  frigate,  to  New 
York.    As  the  prisonem  were  deuUe  in  ouaiber  to  Uie  crow, 


vSiS../. 


^mmmm 


»ffW<»!l«l'«!W«fW» 


lodore  Hopkins,  for 
Tbfl  sloop  fell  in 
e  captured,  but  for 
lender,  mistaking  her 
much  danger.     Bar- 
came  near,  and  was 
inoander  commanded 
|ted  at  such  a  cause, 
ich  force  that  the  iron 
This,  in  a  youth  not 
:he  man.    At  the  end 
e  schooner  Wasp,  in 
and  another  frigate, 
had  a  command,  the 
than  honor.     Barney, 
linted  to  the  command 
>f  Lieutenant,  before 
ever.  Captain  Robin- 
on  had  an  action  with 
bers.    It  was  well  con- 
were  killed  or  woutid- 
» struck.     The  cuptors 
and  also  a  maguiKcent 
rth,  whose  name  was 
spt-Indian,  Lieutenant 
lad  been  designed  for, 
1  the  return  of  the  Sa- 
fine  brig  of  fourteen 
iptured  the  Racehorse, 
essel  was  of  the  Royal 
liral  purposely  to  take 
m  ride  the  same  horse, 

which  the  Lieutenant 
tartly  of  the  prisoners. 
fend  signs  of  mutiny 
the  shoulder;  a  pro- 
l  to  his  comrades,  that 
ran  too  late  to  escape. 
him,  was,  on  a  subse- 
Bamey,  who  knocked 
ent  than  fair  fighting 
ay. — The  commander 
Having  been  cap- 
ground  at  the  Capes, 
oy,  with  five  hundred 
Llbans  frigate,  to  New 
niuabtr  to  Um  crtw, 


Bttsey  fomMsd  a  plan  of  taking  the  ship,  wftiek  wis 
prtvented,  by  the  treachery  of  a  Frenchman. 

"  O  for  &  oorte  to  kill  the  aUve, 

Whose  treaaoa,  lik«  a  desdly  blij^t, 
ComM  o'er  the  eouneiU  of  tbebt^ve, 
I  To  blast  them  in  the  hour  of  migbt." 

Barney  was  a  prisoner  at  New  York,  for  five  months,  after 
which  he  took  the  command  of  a  schooner  of  two  guns,  and  eight 
men,  with  a  cargo  of  tobacco  for  St.  Eustatia,  for  he  was  better 
pleased  to  do  a  little  than  to  do  nothing.  He  was,  however,  taken, 
after  a  running  fight,  by  boarding,  by  a  privateer  rf  four  large 
guns  and  sixty  men.  His  next  cruise  was  with  his  friend  Robin- 
son, in  a  private  ship  of  ten  guns  and  thirty-five  men,  in  which 
they  encountered  the  British  privateer  Rosebud  of  sixteen  guns 
and  one  hundred  and  twenty  men.  On  the  return,^  a  letter-of- 
marque  of  sixteen  guns  and  seventy  men  was  cap'tured.  The 
Lieutenant  had  now  prize  money  enough  to  be  converted,  on  his 
return,  into  a  large  bundle  of  continental  bills,  which  he  stowed 
away  in  a  chaise  box,  on  taking  a  journey,  but  which  he  could 
not  find  when  he  arrived  at  his  destination.  He  kept  his  own 
secret,  however,  and  "went  to  sea  again,"  second  in  command 
of  the  United  States'  ship  Saratoga,  of  sixteen  nine-pounders. 
The  first  prize  was  a  ship  of  twelve  guns,  captured  after  enaction 
of  a  few  minutes.  On  the  next  day,  the  Saratoga  hoisted  £n|[- 
lish  colors,  and  came  along  side  a  ship  which  had  two  brigs  m 
company;  then  running  up  the  American  ensign,  sho'poured  in  a 
broad  side,  while  Lieutenant  Barney,  with  fifty  men,  boarded  the 
enemy.  The  immediate  result  was,  the  conquest  of  a  ship  of  thirty 
two  guns  and  ninety  men.  The  two  brigs,  nqe  of  fourteen,  anci 
the  other  of  four  guns,  were  also  captured.  The  division  df  prise 
money  would  have  made  the  officers  rich,  but  no  division  took 
place,  for  all  but  the  Saratoga  were  captured  by  a  soventv-four 
and  several  frigates.  Lieutenant  Barney  was  furnished  with  bed 
and  board,  on  deck,  and,  with  him,  bed  and  board  were  synony- 
mous terms,  but  he  was  allowed  to  choose  the  softest  plank  he 
could  find.  In  England  he  was  confined  in  prison,  from  which  he 
escaped,  and,  after  various  adventures,  ar'-ived  at  Beverly,  Massa- 
chusetts, and,  as  soon  as  he  landed,  was  ofi*ered  the  command  of 
a  privateer  of  twenty  guns.  On  his  arrival  at  Philadelphia,  he 
accepted  the  command  of  one  of  several  vessels,  cruising  against 
the  enemies'  barges,  and  the  refugee  boats,  that  infested  the 
Delaware  River  and  Bay.  His  ship  was  the  Hyder  Ally,  a  small 
vessel  of  sixteeii  six-pounders.  As  a  superior  vessel  of  the  enemy 
was  approaching,  Barney  directed  his  steersman  to  interpret  hu 
command  by  the  rule  ofeontraiiea. 

When  the  eneniy  were  ranging  alongside,  Barney  cried  out, 
"  Hard  a-port."  The  helmsman  clapped  his  helm  the  other  way, 
and  the  enemy's  jib-boom  caught  in  the  fore  rigging,  and  held  her 


•  '  : 


8T0 


COMMODOSB  SAK..IT. 


in  a  position  to  be  raked,  and  never  was  the  operation  of  raking 
more  suddenly  or  eflectually  performed.  The  British  flag  came 
down  in  less  than  half  an  hour,  and  the  captors  made  little  delay 
for  compliments,  for  a  frigate  from  the  enemy  was  rapidly  ap- 
proaching. The  prize  was  the  general  Marie,  ofthe  Royal  Navy, 
with  twenty  nine  pounders,  and  one  hundred  and  thirty-six  men; 
nearly  double  the  force  and  metal  ofthe  captors.  After  the  peace, 
Commodore  Barney  made  a  partial  settlement  in  Kentucky,  and 
became  a  favorite  with  the  old  hunters  of  that  pleasant  land.  He 
was  appointed  Clerk  ofthe  District  Court  of  Maryland,  and  also 
an  auctioneer.  He  also  encaged  in  commerce,  when  his  business 
led  him  to  Cape  Francois  during  the  insurrection,  and  where  he 
armed  his  crew,  and  fought  his  way,  to  carry  off  some  specie 
which  he  had  secreted  in  barrels  of  cofiee. 

On  his  return  he  was  captured  by  a  pirate,  which  called  herself 
an  English  privateer.  Barney,  however,  was  a  bad  prisoner,  and 
with  a  couple  of  his  hands  rose  upon  the  buccaneers  and  captured 
their  ship.  In  this  situation  it  was  no  time  for  Argus  himself  to 
sleep,  with  more  than  an  eye  at  a  time.  The  Commodore  slept 
only  by  day  in  an  armed  chair  on  deck,  with  his  sword  between  his 
legs,  and  pistols  in  his  belt,  while  his  cook  and  boatswain,  ^v'e). 
arjned,  stood  the  watch  at  his  side.  On  another  occasion,  he  was 
captured  in  the  West  Indies,  by  an  Enslish  frigate,  where  he  re- 
ceived the  usual  British  courtesies,  ana  he  was  tried  in  Jamaica 
for  piracy,  &c.  It  is  needless  to  say  that,  though  in  an  enemy's 
country,  he  was  acquitted  by  acclamation.  This  accusation  nri^ri. 
nated  with  the  commander  of  the  frigate,  who,  however,  prudenijv 
keptjDut  of  sight;  though  an  officer  in  the  same  frigate,  exprcssec) 
at  a  Coffee  House,  a  desire  to  meet  Barney,  without  knowing 
that  he  was  present,  that  he  might  have  an  opportunity  to  settle 
accounts  with  the  rascal.  The  rascal  bestowed  upon  the  oilicer 
the  compliments  that  were  usual  on  such  occaBion.s,  and  tweaked 
that  part  of  his  head  that  is  so  prominent  in  an  elephant. 

We  cannot  follow  the  Commodore  through  his  subsequent  for- 
tnnes  and  adventures,  but  refer  to  the  book  for  a  more  interesting 
account  of  them.  In  France  he  received  the  hug  frattmal  of  the 
President  of  the  Convention,  and  the  commission  of  Captain  of 
the  highest  grade  in  the  Navy.  He  fitted  out  several  vessels  of 
his  own  to  harass  the  British  trade,  in  which  he  was  very  success- 
ful. He  received  the  command  of  two  frigates,  which  were  al- 
most totally  wrecked  in  a  storm,  though  he  succeeded  in  saving 
them.  In  the  last  war,  his  services  are  more  immediately  in  our 
memories.  The  Memoir  of  Commodore  Barney,  from  which 
these  particulars  are  taken,  is  just  published  by  Gray  andBowcn, 
and  it  is  a  valuable  addition  to  our  naval  biography. — Botttn 
Cvmrier. 


^>> 


It. 


[operation  of  raking 
British  flag  came 
>rs  made  little  delay 
^my  was  rapidly  ap- 
,  orthe  Royal  Navy, 
and  thirty-six  tnen; 
irs.  After  the  peace, 
nt  in  Kentucky,  and 
it  pleasant  land>  He 
r  Maryland,  and  also 
ce,  when  his  business 
ection,  and  where  he 
arry  off  Bome  specie 

<,  which  called  herself 
as  a  bad  prisoner,  and 
ccaneers  and  captured 
for  Argus  himself  tc. 
The  Commodore  slept 
his  sword  between  iiis 
k  and  boatswain,  we). 
other  occasion,  he  was 
I  frigate,  where  he  re- 
was  tried  in  Jamaicn 
though  in  an  enemy's 
This  accusation  oriffi- 
lo,  however,  prudeniiy 
ame  frigate,  expressed 
ley,  without   knowing 
I  opportunity  to  settle 
towed  upon  the  olficei 
icasions,  and  tweaked 
an  elephant, 
rh  his  subsequent  for* 
for  a  more  interesting 
e  hug  frahrtial  of  the 
nission  of  Captain  of 
Dut  several  vessels  of 
I  he  was  very  success- 
gatep,  which  were  al- 
eucceeded  in  saving 
'e  immediately  in  our 
Barney,  from  which 
I  by  Gray  andBowcn, 
il  biography. — Bo$l«n 


JIATAL  BAnU(l>  911 


NAVAL  BATTLES 

or  THB  UlfiTBD   BTATBt.. 

The  depravations  committed  on  American  commerce  in  the 
Mediterranean,  by  the  piratical  corsairs  of  the  Barbary  powoi-s, 
induced  Congress,  in  1794,  to  authorise  the  formation  of  a  naval 
force  for  its  protection.  Four  ships  of  forty-four  guns  each  and 
two  of  thirty-six  were  ordered  to  be  built.  Captain  Thomas 
TarxTON  was  one  of  the  first  six  captains  appointed  by  the  Presi- 
dent, at  the  organization  of  the  naval  establishment,  in  1794. 
He  was  appointed  to  the  command  of  the  Constellation  of  thirty- 
six  guns,  and  ordered  to  protect  the  commerce  of  the  United 
States  in  the  West  Indies  from  the.  ravages  of  the  French.  On 
the  ninth  of  February,  1799,  he  captured  the  French  frigate 
Insurgente,  of  which  twenty-nine  of  the  crew  were  killed  and 
forty-tour  wounded.  The  Constellation  had  but  one  man  killed 
and  two  wouifded. 

In  1800,  the  Constellation  engaged  with  the  French  frigate 
Vengeance  of  fifty-four  guns,  near  Guadaloupe;  but  owing  to 
the  darkness  of  the  night  the  latter  escaped,  after  having  thrice 
struck  her  colors  and  lost  one  hundred  and  sixty  men. 

The  same  year,  the  United  States  frigate  Boston  captured  the 
French  national  corvette  Le  Berceau. 

In  the  month  of  August,  1801,  Captain  Sterrettof  the  United 
States  schooner  Enterprize,  of  twelve  guns,  and  ninety  mejn,  fell 
in,  off  Malta,  with  a  Tripolitan  cruiser  of  fourteen  guns,  and 
eighty-five  men.  In  this  action  the  Tripolitans  thrice  hauled 
down  her  colors,  and  thrice  perfidiously  renewed  the  conflict. 
Fifty  of  her  men  were  killed  and  wounded.  The  Enterprize  did 
not  lose  a  man.  Captain  Sterrett's  instructions  not  permitting 
him  to  make  a  prize  of  the  cruiser,  he  ordered  her  crew  to  throw 
overboard  all  their  guns  and  powder,  &c,  and  to  go  and  tell  their 
countrymen  the  treatment  they  might  expect  from  a  nation,  deter- 
mined to  pay  tribute  only  in  powder  and  ball.  Oh  her  arrival  at 
Tripoli,  so  great  was  the  terror  produced,  that  the  sailors  aban-  ^ 
doned  the  cruisers  then  fitting  out,  and  not  a  man  could  be  pro-  ' 
cured  to  navigate  them. 

The  Tripolitan  cruisers  continuing  to  harass  the  vessels  of  the 
U.  States,  Concress  determined,  in  1803,  to  fit  out  a  fleet  that 
should  chastise  their  insolence.  The  squadron  consisted  of  the 
Constitution,  44  guns;  the  Philadelphia,  44;  the  Argus,  18;  the 
Siren,  16;  the  Nautilus,  16;  the  Vixen,  16;  and  the  Enterprize, 
14.  Commodore  Preble  was  appointed  to  the  command  of  this 
squadron,  in  May,  1809,  and  on  the  IStb  of  August,  sailed  in 
the  Constitution  for  the  Mediterranean.     Having  adjusted  tho 


i 


8T0 


eOMMODOU  BAR.  ET. 


in  a  position  to  be  raked,  and  never  was  the  operation  of  raking 
more  suddenly  or  eflectualljr  performed.  The  British  flag  came 
down  in  less  than  half  an  hour,  and  the  captors  made  little  delay 
for  compliments,  for  a  frigate  from  the  enemy  was  rapidly  ap- 
proaching. The  prize  was  the  general  Marie,  of  the  Royal  Navy, 
with  twenty  nine  pounders,  and  one  hundred  and  thirty-six  men; 
nearly  double  the  force  and  metal  of  the  captors.  After  the  peace, 
Commodore  Barney  made  a  partial  settlement  in  Kentucky,  and 
became  a  favorite  with  the  ola  hunters  of  that  pleasant  land.  He 
was  appointed  Clerk  of  the  District  Court  of  JVlaryland,  and  also 
an  auctioneer.  He  also  encaged  in  commerce,  when  his  business 
led  him  to  Cape  Francois  during  the  insurrection,  and  where  he 
armed  his  crew,  and  fought  his  way,  to  carry  off  some  specie 
which  he  had  secreted  in  barrels  of  cofiee. 

On  his  return  he  was  captured  by  a  pirate,  which  called  herself 
an  English  privateer.  Barney,  however,  was  a  bad  prisoner,  and 
with  a  couple  of  his  hands  rose  upon  the  buccaneers  and  captured 
their  ship.  In  this  situation  it  was  no  time  for  Argua  himself  to 
sleep,  with  more  than  an  eye  at  a  time.  The  Commodore  slept 
only  by  day  in  an  armed  chair  on  deck,  with  his  sword  between  his 
legs,  and  pistols  in  his  belt,  while  his  cook  and  boatswain,  ^vel. 
armed,  stood  the  watch  at  his  side.  On  another  occasion,  he  was 
captured  in  the  West  Indies,  by  an  Enslish  frigate,  where  he  re- 
ceived the  usual  British  courtesies,  ana  he  was  tried  in  Jamaica 
for  piracy,  &c.  It  is  needless  to  say  that,  though  in  an  enemy's 
country,  he  was  acquitted  by  acclamation.  This  accusation  m  igi- 
nuted  with  the  commander  of  the  frigate,  who,  however,  prudeniiy 
kept  jDut  of  si^ht;  though  an  officer  in  the  same  frigate,  expressed 
at  a  Coffee  House,  a  desire  to  meet  Barney,  without  knowing 
that  he  was  present,  that  he  might  have  an  opportunity  to  settle 
accounts  with  the  rascal.  The  rascal  bestowed  upon  tite  oilicer 
the  compliments  that  were  usual  on  such  occasions,  and  tweaked 
that  part  of  his  head  that  is  so  prominent  in  an  elephant. 

Vfe  cannot  follow  the  Commodore  through  his  subsequent  for- 
tunes and  adventures,  but  refer  to  the  book  for  a  more  interesting 
account  of  them.  In  France  he  received  the  hug  frattmal  of  the 
President  of  the  Convention,  and  the  commission  of  Captain  of 
the  highest  grade  in  the  Navy.  He  fitted  out  several  vessels  of 
his  own  to  harass  the  British  trade,  in  which  he  was  very  success- 
ful. He  received  the  command  of  two  frigates,  which  were  al- 
most totally  wrecked  in  a  storm,  though  he  succeeded  in  saving 
them.  In  the  last  war,  his  services  are  more  immediately  in  our 
memories.  The  Memoir  of  Commodore  Barney,  from  which 
these  particulars  are  taken,  is  just  published  by  Gray  andBowcn, 
and  it  is  a  valuable  addition  to  our  naval  biography. — Botlon 
Conner. 


^i> 


operation  of  raking 
'he  British  flag  came 
jtors  made  little  delay 
lemy  was  rapidly  ap- 
le,  ofthe  Royal  Navy, 
id  and  thirty-six  men; 
ors.  After  the  peace, 
lent  in  Kentucky,  and 
at  pleasant  land.  He 
if  Maryland,  and  also 
roe,  when  his  business 
rection,  and  where  he 
carry  off  some  specie 

e,  which  called  herself 
vaa  a  bad  prisoner,  and 
iccaneers  and  captured 
e  for  Argus  himpclf  to 
The  Commodore  slept 
I  his  swoid  between  his 
ik  and  boatswain,  wel. 
nother  occasion,  he  was 
ih  frigate,  where  he  re- 
e  was  tried  in  Jamaica 
,  though  in  an  enemy's 
This  accusation  oi  igi- 
vho,  however,  prudeniiy 
I  same  frigate,  expressed 
rney,  without  knowing 
an  opportunity  to  settle 
istowed  upon  the  officer 
occasions,  and  tweaked 
n  an  elephant, 
ugh  his  subsequent  for- 
ik  for  a  more  interesting 
the  hug  frattmal  ofthe 
nmission  of  Captain  of 
I  out  several  vessels  of 
ch  he  was  very  success- 
rigateo,  which  were  al- 
io succeeded  in  saving 
ion  immediately  in  our 
I   Barney,  from  which 
ed  by  Gray  nndBowcn, 
ml  biogrophy. — Bo$lm 


XATAL  aAnuw>  ^  am 

NAVAL  BATTLES 

or  THB  UiriTID  STATBI. 

The  depriidations  committed  on  Amerieau  commerce  in  the 
Mediterranean,  by  the  piratical  corsairs  of  the  Barbary  powoi-s, 
induced  Congress,  in  1794,  to  authorise  the  formation  of  a  naval 
force  for  its  protection.  Four  ships  of  forty-four  guns  each  and 
two  of  thirty-six  were  ordered  to  be  built.  Captain  Thomas 
Trwxto.'t  was  one  ofthe  first  six  captains  appointed  by  the  Presi- 
dent, at  the  organization  of  the  naval  establishment,  in  1794. 
He  was  appointed  to  the  command  of  the  Constellation  of  thirty- 
six  guns,  and  ordered  to  protect  the  commerce  of  the  United 
States  in  the  West  Indies  from  the.  ravages  of  the  French.  On 
the  ninth  of  February,  1799,  he  captured  the  French  frigate 
Insurgente,  of  which  twenty-nine  of  the  crew  were  killed  and 
forty-tour  wounded.  The  Constellation  had  but  one  man  killed 
and  two  wouifded. 

In  1800,  the  Constellation  engaged  with  the  French  frigate 
Vengeance  of  fifty-four  guns,  near  Guadaloupe;  but  owing  to 
the  darkness  of  the  night  the  latter  escaped,  after  having  thrice 
struck  her  colors  and  lost  one  hundred  and  sixty  men. 

The  same  year,  the  United  States  frigate  Boston  captured  the 
French  national  corvette  Le  Berceau. 

In  the  month  of  August,  1801,  Captain  Sterrettof  the  United 
States  schooner  Enterprize,  of  twelve  guns,  and  ninety  mcjtJ,  fell 
in,  off  Malta,  with  a  Tripolitan  cruiser  of  fourteen  guns,  and 
eighty-five  men.  In  this  action  the  Tripolitans  thrice  hauled 
down  her  colors,  and  thrice  perfidiously  renewed  the  conflict. 
Fifty  of  her  men  were  killed  and  wounded.  The  Enterprize  did 
not  lose  a  man.  Captain  Sterrett's  instructions  not  permitting 
him  to  make  a  prize  of  the  cruiser,  he  ordered  her  crew  to  throw 
overboard  all  their  guns  and  powder,  &c,  and  to  go  and  tell  their 
countrymen  the  treatment  they  might  expect  from  a  nation,  deter- 
mined to  pay  tribute  only  in  powder  and  ball.  On  her  arrival  at 
Tripoli,  80  great  was  the  terror  produced,  that  the  sailors  aban-  ^ 
doned  the  cruisers  then  fitting  out,  and  not  a  man  could  be  pro-  ' 
cured  to  navigate  them. 

The  Tripolitan  cruisers  continuing  to  harass  the  vessels  of  the 
U.  States,  Conffress  determined,  in  1803,  to  fit  out  a  fleet  tliat 
should  chastise  theii-  insolence.  The  squadron  consisted  of  the 
Constitution,  44  guns;  the  Philadelphia,  44;  the  Argus,  18;  the 
Siren,  16;  the  Nautilus,  16;  the  Vixen,  16;  and  the  Enterprize, 
14.  Commodore  Preble  was  appointed  to  the  command  of  this 
•quadron,  in  May,  1803,  and  on  the  13th  of  August,  sailed  in 
the  Constitution  for  the  MediterraDeu.     Having  adjuated  tbo 


ITiOiirmnmiii 


•MHM*ta«V' 


mmmm 


ITATAL  SATTtM. 


difficulties  which  had  sprung  up  with  the  emperor  of  Moreeco, 
he  turned  his  whole  attention  to  Tripoli.  The  season  was,  Kow- 
ever,  too  Car  advanced  for  active  operations. 

On  the  3l8t  uf  October,  the  Phihidelphia,  being,  at  nine  o'clock 
in  the  morning,  about  five  leagues  to  the  westward  of  Tripoli, 
discovered  a  sail  in  shore,  standing  before  the  wind  to  the  east* 
ward.  The  Philadelphia  immediately  gave  chase.  The  sail 
hoisted  Tripolitan  colors,  and  continued  her  course  near  thf; 
shore.  The  Philadelphia  opened  a  fire  upon  her,  and  conti  ued 
it,  till  half  past  eleven;  when,  being  in  seven  iathoms  water,  and 
finding  her  fire  could  not  prevent  the  vessel  entering  Tripoli,  she 
gave  up  the  pursuit.  In  beating  off,  she  run  on  a  rock,  not  laid 
down  ill  any  chart,  distant  four  and  a  half  miles  from  the  town. 
A  boat  was  immediately  lowered  to  sound.  The  greatest  depth 
of^ water  was  found  to  bu  astern.  In  order  to  back  her  o'T,  all 
sails  were  then  laid  aback;  the  top>gallant-satls  loosened;  r^e 
anchors  thrown  away  from  the  bows;  the  water  in  the  hold  st- 
and all  the  guns  thrown  overboard,  excepting  a  few  abaft 
fend  the  ship  against  the  attacks  of  the  Tripolitan  gun-.'  as, 
then  firing  at  her.  AH  this,  however,  proved  inetfectual;  as  did 
also  the  attempt  to  lighten  her  forward  by  cutting  away  her  fore- 
mast. The  Philadelphia  had  already  withstood  the  attack  of  the 
numerous  gun-boats  for  four  hours,  when  a  large  reinforcement 
coining  out  of  Tripoli,  and  being  herself  deprived  of  every  means 
of  resistance,  and  defence,  she  was  forced  to  strike,  about  sunset. 
The  Tripolitans  immediataly  took  possession  of  her,  and  made 

Srisoners  of  the   officers  and  men,   in  number  three  hundred, 
'orty-eight  hours  afterwards,  the  wind  blowing  in  shore,  the  Tri- 
politans got  the  frigate  off,  and  towed  her  into  the  harbor. 

On  the  14th  of  December,  commodore  Preble  sailed  from 
Malta,  in  company  with  the  Enterprize,  commanded  by  lieutenant 
Stephen  Decatur.  When  the  Utter  was  informed  of  the  less  of 
the  Philadelphia,  he  immediately  formed  a  plan  of  recapturing 
and  destroying  her,  which  he  proposed  to  commodore  Preble.  At 
first  the  commodore  thought  the  projected  enterprise  too  hazar- 
dous; but  at  length  granted  his  consent.  Lieutenant  Decatur 
then  selected  for  the  enterprise  the  ketch  Intrepid,  lately  captured 
by  him.  This  vessel  he  manned  with  seventy  volunteers,  chiefly 
of  his  own  crew;  and  on  the  9d  of  February  sailed  from  Syra- 
cuse, accompanied  by  the  brig  Siren,  lieutenant  Stewart. 

After  a  tempestuous  passage  of  fifteen  days,  the  two  vessels  ar' 
rived  off  the  harbor  of  Tripoli,  towards  the  close  of  day.  It  was 
determined  that  at  ten  o'clock  in  the  evening  the  Intrepid  should 
enter  the  harbor,  accompanied  by  the  boats  of  the  Siren.  But  a 
change  of  wind  had  separated  the  two  veuels  sis  or  eisht  miles. 
As  d^lay  might  provo  fatal,  lientanaiit  Deeatur  entered  the  har- 
bor alone  about  eight  o'clock.  The  Phltadelphi*  Imj  within  half 
gun  shot  of  tbji  Bubaw*!  eMth  aad  priocipil  batterjr.    Ou  bor 


""mi 


1 


ntTAh  BATTLSI. 


sn 


depth 

T,  all 
•ree 


..13, 


Jemperor  of  Mor*eeo, 
Ifhe  season  was,  Kow- 

being,  at  nine  o'clock 

westward  of  Tripoli, 

the  wind  to  the  east* 

'ave  chase.      The  sail 

her  course  near  thf/ 

on  her,  and  conti  tied 

ven  iathoms  water,  and 

1  entering  Tripoli,  sho 

run  on  a  rock,  not  laid 

|lf  miles  from  the  town. 

The  greatest 
er  to  back  her  < 
t-satis  loosened; 
ater  in  the  hold  st 
pting  a  few  abaft 
e  Tripolitan  gun- 
oved  inetPectual;  as  did 
y  cutting  away  her  fore- 
hstood  the  attack  of  the 
n  a  large  reinforcement 
deprived  of  every  means 
d  to  strike,  about  sunset, 
lession  of  her,  and  made 
I  number  three  hundred, 
blowing  in  shore,  the  Tri- 
er into  the  harbor, 
dore   Preble  sailed  from 
commanded  by  lieutenant 
IS  informed  of  the  loss  of 
led  a  plan  of  recapturing 
u  commodore  Preble.     At 
ted  enterprise  too  hazar- 
:nt.     Lieutenant  Decatur 
h  Intrepid,  lately  captured 
eveuty  volunteers,  chiefly 
bruary  sailed  from  Syra- 
eutenant  Stewart, 
t  days,  the  two  vessels  ar' 
the  eleae  of  day.     It  was 
ening  the  Intrepid  should 
lats  of  the  Siren.    But  a 
reastols  six  or  eight  miles. 
Deeatnr  cntereo  the  har- 
ittadelphi*  lay  within  half 
rioeipil  battcijr.    Ouhor 


starboard  quarter  lay  two  Tripolitan  cruisers  within  two  cabt«K 
length;  and  on  the  starboard  bow  a  number  of  gun-bcuts  within 
half  gun-shot.  All  her  guns  were  mounted  and  loaded.  Three 
hours  were,  in  consequence  of  the  lightness  of  the  wind,  consum- 
ed in  passing  three  miles,  when,  beins  within  two  hundred  yards 
of  the  Philadelphia,  they  were  hailed  from  her,  and  ordered  to 
anchor  on  peril  of  being  fired  into.  The  pilot  on  board  the 
Intrepid  was  ordered  to  reply,  that  all  tiioir  anchors  wero  lost 
The  Americans  had  advauwi  d  within  fii\y  yards  of  the  frigate, 
when  the  wind  died  away  into  a  calm.  Lieutenant  Decatur 
ordered  a  rope  to  be  taken  out  and  fastened  to  the  fore  chains  c' 
the  frigate,  which  was  done,  and  the  Intrepid  warped  alongside. 
It  was  not  till  then  the  Tripoiitans  suspected  them  to  be  an 
enemy;  and  their  confusion  in  con^:  a. isnce  was  great.  As  soon 
as  the  vessels  were  sufficiently  nesi .  lieutenant  Decatur  sprang  on 
board  the  frigate,  and  was  fo'bweu  by  aiidshipman  Morris.  It 
was  a  minute  betbre  the  r^'.niainder  of  the  crew  succeeded  in 
mounting  afler  them.  But  the  Turkcs,  crowded  together  on  th« 
quarter  deck,  were  in  too  great  consternation  to  take  advantage 
of  this  delay.  As  soon  as  a  suiiiuient  number  of  Americans  gained 
the  deck  they  rushed  upon  the  Tripoiitans;  who  were  soon  over- 
powered ;  and  about  twenty  of  them  were  killed.  Aflor  taking 
Eossession  of  the  ship,  a  firing  commenced  from  the  Tripolitan 
atteries  and  castle,  and  from  two  corsairs  near  the  frigate;  a 
number  of  launches  were  also  seen  rowing  about  in  the  harbor; 
whereupon  lieutenant  Decatur  resolved  to  remain  in  the  frigate, 
for  there  he  would  be  enabled  to  make  the  best  defence.  But 
perceiving  that  the  launches  kopt  at  a  distance,  he  ordered  the 
frigate  to  be  set  on  fire,  which  was  immediately  done,  and  s  >  ef- 
fectually, that  with  difficulty  won  the  Intrepid  preserved.  A 
favorable  breeze  at  this  moment  sprang  up,  which  soon  carried 
them  out  of  the  harbor.  None  of  the  Americans  were  killed, 
and  only  four  wounded.  For  this  heroic  achievement  licuten-nt 
Decatur  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  post  captain.  His  cunivnis- 
■ion  was  dated  on  the  day  he  des'     yed  the  Philadelphia. 

After  the  destruction  of  the  Ptuiadelphia  frigate,  commodore 
Preble  was,  during  the  spring  and  early  part  of  the  summer, 
employed  in  keeping  up  the  blockade  of  the  harbor  of  Tripoli,  in 
preparing  for  an  attack  upon  the  town,  and  in  cruising.  A  prize 
that  had  been  taken  was.  put  in  commission,  and  called  the  Scourge 
A  loan  of  six  gun-boats  and  two  bomb-vessels,  completely  fitted 
for  service,  was  obtained  from  the  king  of  Naples.  Permission 
was  also  given  to  take  twelve  or  fifteen  Neapolitans  on  board 
each  boat,  to  serve  under  the  American  flag. 

With  this  addition  to  his  force,  the  commodore,  on  the  Slst  of 
Jul^,  joined  the  vessels  off  Tripoli.  The  number  of  men  engage 
ad  IB  the  terviee  amounted  to  one  thousand  and  sixty. 

Ob  the  TriBoUtwi  caatle  and  batteriee,  one  hundred  and  fifteen 

32 


974 


JTATAl  BATTUI. 


gons  were  mounted:  fifty-five  of  which  were  pieces  of  hearjr 
ordnnnce;  the  others  long  eighteen  and  twelve  pounders.  In  tho 
harbor  were  nineteen  gun-boats,  carrying  each  a  long  brass  eigb* 
teeo  or  twenty-four  pounder  iu  the  bow,  and  two  howitzers  abaft: 
also  two  schooners  of  eight  suns  each,  a  brig  of  ten,  and  two 
galleys,  of  four  guns  each.  In  addition  to  the  ordinary  Turkish 
garrison,  and  the  crews  of  the  armed  vessels,  estimated  at  thre« 
tliousaiid,  upwEi;  •'«  of  twenty  thousand  Arabs  had  been  assembled 
for  the  defence  •<:  >'*!  city. 

The  weather  p';v  l  ited  tiic  squadron  from  approaching  thecity 
until  the  28th,  whtn  it  ?nciii'.>'i ud  within  two  miles  and  a  half  of 
the  fortiticatiuna;  but  the  wind  suddenly  shifting,  and  increasing 
to  a  gale,  the  commodoic  was  compelled  to  return.  On  the  Sa 
of  August,  he  again  approached  to  within  two  or  three  miles  of 
the  batteries.  Having  observed  that  several  of  the  enemy's  boats 
were  stationed  without  the  reef  of  rockn,  covering  the  entrance 
ofthft  iiurbor,  he  resolved  to  take  advantage  of  this  circumstance. 
He  mad')  signal  for  the  squadron  to  come  within  speaking  dis- 
tance, 10  communicate  to  the  several  commanders  his  intention 
of  attackitg  the  shipping  and  batteries.  Tho  gun-boats  and 
bomb-ketchc3  were  immediately  manned,  and  prepared  for  action. 
The  former  v.ci';  arranged  in  two  diviflions  of  three  each.  At 
half  pitflt  one.  tii«'  squadron  stood  in  for  the  batteries.  At  two, 
tho  gun-boats  wete  cast  off.  At  half  past  two,  signal  was  made 
for  the  bomb-ketches  and  gun-boats  to  advance  and  attack.  At 
three  quarters  past  two,  the  signal  was  given  for  a  general  action. 
It  commenced  by  the  bomb-ketches  throwing  shells  into  the  town. 
A  tremendous  fire  immediately  commenced  Tirom  the  enemy's  bat- 
teries and  vessels,  of  at  least  two  hundred  guns.  It  was  immedi- 
ately returned  by  the  American  squadron,  now  within  musket-shot 
of  the  principal  batteries. 

At  this  moment,  captain  Decatur,  with  the  three  gun-boats  under 
his  command,  attacked  the  enemy's  eastern  division,  consisting  of 
nine  gun-boats.  He  was  soon  in  the  midst  of  them.  The  fire  of 
the  cannon  and  musketry  was  immediately  changed  to  a  desperate 
attack  with  bayonet,  spear,  sabre,  &c.     Captain  Decatur  having 

Srappled  a  Tripolitan  boat,  and  boarded  her  with  only  fifleeo 
Americans;  in  ten  minutes  her  decks  were  cleared,  and  she  was 
captured.  Three  Americans  were  tvounded.  At  this  moment 
captain  Decatur  was  informed  that  the  gun-boat  commanded  by 
his  brother,  had  engaged  and  captured  a  boat  belonging  to  tlio 
enemy;  but  that  his  brother,  as  he  was  stepping  on  board,  was 
treacherously  shot  by  the  Tripolitan  commander,  who  made  off 
with  his  boat.  Captain  Decatur  immediately  pursued  the  mur 
derer,  who  was  retreating  within  the  lires;  having  succeeded  in 
coming  along  side,  he  boarded  With  only  eleven  men.  A  doubtful 
contest  of  twenty  minutes  eniued.  D«catur  immediately  attacked  j 
the  Tripolitan  commander,  idio  wm  ita9>ed  with  a  spear  and  out*  i 


'1- 


rere  pieeee  of  heary 

slve  pounders.     In  tho 

Uch  a  long  brasa  eigii- 

Id  two  howitzers  abaft: 

brig  of  ten,  and  two 

the  ordinary  Turkish 

^els,  estimated  at  thret 

iba  had  been  assembled 

_jm  approaching  the  city 
two  miles  and  a  half  of 
shifting,  and  increasing 
to  return.     On  the  3a 
n  two  or  three  miles  of 
>rai  of  the  enemy's  boats 
,  covering  the  entrance 
age  of  this  circumstance, 
me  within  speaking  dis- 
ommanders  his  intention 
8.      Tho  gun-boats   and 
,  and  prepared  for  action, 
tions  of  three  each.     At 
r  the  batteries.     At  two, 
ast  two,  signal  was  made 
[advance  and  attack.     At 
given  for  a  general  action. 
>wing  shells  into  the  town, 
iced  from  the  enemy's  bat- 
red  guns.     It  was  imniedi- 
>n,  now  within  musket-shot 

I  the  three  gun-boats  under 
tern  division,  consisting  of 
lidst  of  them.  The  fire  of 
cly  changed  to  a  desperate 
Captain  Decatur  having 
ied  her  with  only  fifteen 
'ere  cleared,  and  she  was 
ounded.  At  this  moment 
I  gun-boat  commanded  by 
d  a  boat  belonging  to  tiio 
s  stepping  on  board,  was 
commander,  who  made  off 
lediately  pursued  the  mur 
res;  having  succeeded  in 
y  eleven  men,  A  doubtful 
icatur  immediately  attacked 
Hied  with  a  spear  and  out* 


W. 


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V  Canadian  Institute  for  Historicai  l^icroraproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  da  microraproductiont  liistoriquaa 


HATAL  BATTUB. 


9t8 


ItM.  Tn  parnriiig  the  Turk's  spear,  Decatur  broke  bis  sword 
close  to  the  hilt,  and  received  a  slight  wound  in  the  right  arm  and 
breast;  but  having  seized  the  spear  he  closed;  and,  after  a 
violedt  struggle,  both  fell,  Decatur  uppermost.  The  Turk  then 
drew  a  dagger  from  his  belt;  but  Decatur  caught  hold  of  his 
arm,  drew  a  pistol  from  his  pocket,  and  shot  him.  While  they 
were  struggling,  the  crew  of  both  vessels  rushed  to  the  assistance 
of  their  commanders.  And  so  desperate  had  the  contest  around 
them  been,  that  it  was  with  difficulty  Decatur  could  extricate 
himself  from  the  killed  and  wounded  that  had  fallen  around  him. 
In  this  affair  an  American  manifested  the  most  heroic  courage 
and  attachment  to  his  commander.  Decatur,  in  the  struggle,  was 
attacked  in  the  rear  by  a  Tripolitan ;  who  had  aimed  a  blow  at  his 
head,  which  must  have  proved  fatal,  had  not  this  generous-minded 
tar,  then  dangerously  wounded  and  deprived  of  the  use  of  both  his 
bands,  rushed  between  him  and  the  sabre,  the  stroke  of  which  he 
received  in  his  head  wheicby  his  scull  was  fractured.  This  hero, 
however  survived,  and  afterwards  received  a  pension  from  his 
srateful  country.  All  the  Americans  but  four  were  wounded. 
Captain  Decatur  brought  botfi  his  prizes  safe  to  the  American 
squadron. 

-  Two  successive  attacks  were  afterwards  made  upon  Tripol^; 
and  the  batteries  eflTectualiy  silenced.  The  humiliation  of  this 
barbarous  power  was  of  advantage  to  all  nations.  The  Pope 
made  a  public  declaration, ' that,  "the  United  States,  though 
in  their  infancy,  had,  in  this  affair,  done  more  to  humble  the 
anti-christian  barbarians  on  that  coast,  than  all  the  European 
States  had  done  for  a  long  scries  of  time."  Sir  Alexander  mil, 
a  distinguished  commander  in  the  British  navy,  addressed  his 
congratulations  to  commodore  Preble. 

After  the  junction  of  the  two  squadrons,  commodore  Preble 
obtained  leave  to  return  home.  This  he  did  with  the  greater  pleas- 
ure, as  it  would  give  the  command  of  a  frigate  to  captain  Decatur. 
On  his  return  to  the  United  States,  ho  was  received  and  treated 
every  where  with  that  distinguished  attention,  which  he  had  so 
fnlly  merited.  Congress  voted  him  their  thanks,  and  requested 
the  President  to  present  him  with  an  emblematical  medal. 

Our  limits  will  only  allow  us  to  glance  briefly  at  a  few  of  the 
remaining  victories  of  the  American  navy.  A  formal  declaration 
of  war  against  Great  Britain  was  passed  by  Congress  on  the  18th 
of  June,  1812.  On  the  19th  of  August  the  memorable  capture 
of  the  British  frigate  Guerriere  by  the  Constitution  under  cap'fain 
Hull,  took  place.  On  the  18th  of  October  the  British  sloop  of 
war  Frolic  was  taken  by  the  Wasp,  commanded  by  captain  Jacob 
Jones;  before  the  latter  could  escape,  however,  With  her  prize, 
being  in  a  very  disabled  statt,  she  was  captured  by  the  British 
Mventy-four,  Poictiers.  m^  the  25th  of  October,  the  United 
StatM  under  commodore  iNHiatar,  fell  in  with  and  captured,  off 


SIB 


HATAI.  BAXTUU. 


the  Western  Iilee  the  British  frisate  MeeedoiuAO,  «oimtM| 
Ibrty-nine  guns  and  carrying  three  hundred  and  aiz  men.  The 
Macedonian  had  one  hundred  and  six  men  killed  and  wonndeil: 
the  United  States  five  killed  and  seven  wounded.  The  victprjr 
of  the  Constitution  over  the  Java  followed;  and  was  succeeded 
by  that  of  the  Hornet,  commanded  by  Captain  Lawrence,  over 
the  Peacock.  The  loss  of  that  brave  officer  in  the  subsequent 
engagement  between  the  Chesapeake  and  the  Shannon,  has  been 
mentioned  in  a  previous  notice  of  his  life.  On  the  1st  of  Sep- 
tember, 1813,  the  British  brig  Boxer  of  fourteen  guns,  was  cap- 
tured by  the  United  States  brig  Enterprize,  commanded  by 
lieutenant  WiUiam  Burrows,  who  fell  in  the  engagement.  W« 
must  close  our  notice  of  American  naval  history,  by  a  brief  sketeh 
of  some  of  the  most  interesting  cruises  and  engagements. 


GRDISB  OF   THS  WASf. 

On  tiie  1st  of  May  1814,  the  United  States  sloop  of  war  Wasp, 
of  eighteen  guns  and  one  hundred  and  seventy-three  men,^  cajH 
tain  Blakely  commander,  sailed  from  Portsmouth,  N.  H.  on  a 
cruise,  and  on  the  28th  of  June,  in  latitude  48.  36,  longitude 
1 1. 15,  after  having  made  several  captures,  she  fell  in  with,  engag- 
ed, and  after  an  action  of  nineteen  minutes,  captured  his  Britaa- 
ic  majesty's  sloop  of  war  Reindeer,  William  Manners,  esquire., 
commander.  The  Reindeer  mounted  sixteen  twenty-four  pound 
carronades,  two  lon^  six  or  nine  pounders,  and  a  shifting  twelve 
pound  corronade,  with  a  complement  on  board  of  one  hundred 
end  eighteen  men.  She  was  literally  cut  to  pieces  in  a  line  with 
her  ports;  her  upper  works,  boats  and  spare  spars  were  one 
complete  wreck,  and  a  breeze  sprinsing  up  the  day  after  the  aottoot 
her  foremast  went  bythe  board ;  when  the  prisoners  having  been 
taken  on  board  the  Wasp,  she  was  set  on  fire  and  soon  blew  ttfh 

The  loss  on  board  the  Reindeer  was  twenty-three  killed  aei 
forty-two  wounded,  her  captain  being  among  the  former.  On 
board  the  Wasp  five  were  killed  and  twenty-one  wounded. 
More  than  one  half  of  the  wounded  enemy  were,  in  consequence 
of  the  severity  and  extent  of  their  wounds,  put  on  board  a  Pbrtu* 
guese  brig  and  sent  to  Enaland. — The  loss  of  the  Americans, 
although  not  as  severe  as  that  of  the  British,  was  owing,  in  a 
degree,  to  the  proximity  of  the  two  vessels  during  the  aetion,  end 
the  extreme  smoothness  of  the .  sea,  but  chiefly  in  repelling 
boarders. 

On  the  8th  of  July,  the  Waqp  put  into  L'Orient,  France,  aler 
capturing  an  additional  number  of  prises,  where  she  remainsd 
until  the  27th  of  August,  when  she  asain  sailed  on  a  cruise.  On 
the  )  St  of  September  she  fell  in  wiut  the  British  sloop  of  war 
Avon,  of  twenty  guns,  commanded  by  captain  Abutlmot,  end 
after  an  aetion  of  forty-five  min«ilee«  eompelied  her  to 


I  amm  I 


iwuwa,  «einitM| 
Id  six  men.  Tm 
and  wounded: 
led.  The  victorjr 
WM  raocoeded 
Lawrence,  over 
bn  the  subsequent 
Jhannon,  hae  been 
la  the  1st  of  Sep* 
pn  guns,  was  cap- 
commaoded  bjr 
engagement.  We 
Y,  by  6  brief  sketch 
gagements. 


sloop  of  war  Waip, 

ty-three  men,^  cap- 

south,  N.  H.  on  a 

48.  36,   longitude 

» fell  in  with,  engag- 

;aptured  his  Brita»- 

Manners,  esquir«, 

1  twenty-four  pound 

ad  a  shifting  twelve 

iard  of  one  hundred 

pieces  in  a  line  with 

u-e  spars  were  oom 

day  after  the  aetioa, 

-isoners  having  been 

i  and  soon  blew  upk 

nty-three  killed  and 

g  the  former.     On 

venty-one  wounded. 

rare,  in  consequenoe 

tit  on  board  a  Pt>na« 

I  of  the  Amerieans, 

sh,  was  owing,  in  a 

iring  the  action,  and 

chiefly  in  repelling 

Orient,  France,  aler 
wrhere  she  renninad 
led  on  a  cruise.  On 
Sritish  sloop  of  war 
>tain  Abuthuet,  mat 
•d  hMr  to  Mrraate^ 


KATAt  BATTUM. 


srt 


her  erew  being  nearly  all  killed  and  wounded.  The  guns  wer« 
then  ordered  ^o  be  secured,  8>id  a  boat  lowered  from  the  Wasp  in 
order  tu  take  possession  of  the  prize.  In  the  act  of  lowering  the 
boat,  a  second  enemy's  vessel  was  discovered  astern  and  standing 
towards  the  Wasp.  Captain  Blakely  immediately  ordered  hia 
cr«tw  to  their  quarters,  prepared  every  thing  for  action,  and 
awaited  her  coming  up.  In  a  few  minutes  after,  two  'additional 
sail  were  discovered  bearing  down  upon  the  Wasp.  Captain 
Blakely  stood  off  with  the  expectation  of  drawing  the  first  from 
its  companions;  but  in  this  he  was  disappointed.  She  continued 
to  approach  until  she  came  close  to  the  ntern  of  the  Wasp,  wheo 
she  hauled  by  the  wind,  fired  her  broadside,  ^which  injured  the 
Wasp  but  trifling,)  and  retraced  her  steps  to  join  her  consorts. 
Captain  Blakeljjr  was  now  necessitated  to  abandon  the  Avon, 
which  had  by  this  time  become  *n  total  wreck,  and  which  soon 
after  sunk,  the  surviving  part  of  her  crew  having  barely  time  to 
escape  to  the  other  enemy's  vessels. 

On  board  the  Avon  forty  were  killed  and  sixty  wounded.  The 
loss  sustained  by  the  Wasp  was  two  killed  and  one  wounded. 

The  Wasp  afterwards  continued  her  cruise,  making  great  hav- 
ock  among  English  merchant  vessels  and  privateers,  destroying 
an  immense  amount  of  the  enemy's  property.  From  the  first  of 
May  until  the  30th  of  September,  she  had  captured  fifteen  vessels, 
most  of  which  she  destroyed. 

MiUTXt  AND  rxiroriii. 

On  the  3Sd  of  March,  1815,  as  the  Hornet,  commanded  bj 
captain  Biddle,  was  about  to  anchor  off  the  north  end  of  the 
island  of  Tristan  d'Acuna,  a  sail  was  seen  to  the  southward; 
which,  at  forty  minutes  past  one,  hoisted  English  colors,  and 
firiad  a  gun.  The  Hornet  immediately  luflTed  to,  hoisted  an  en- 
sign,  and  gave  the  enemy  a  broadside.  A  quick  and  well  directed 
fire  was  kept  up  from  the  Hornet,  the  enemy  gradually  drifting 
nearer,  with  an  intention,  as  captain  Biddle  supposed,  to  board. 
The  enemy's  bowsprit  came  in  between  the  main  and  mizen  rig- 
ging on  (he  sta.'board  side  of  the  Hornet,  giving  him  an  opportu- 
nity to  board,  if  he  had  wished,  but  no  attempt  was  made.  There 
was  a  considerable  swell,  and  as  the  sea  lifted  the  Hornet  ahead, 
the  enemy's  bowsprit  carried  away  her  mizzen  shrouds,  stern 
davits,  and  spanker  booms,  and  hung  upon  her  larboard  quarter. 
At  this  moment  an  officer  called  out  (hat  they  had  surrendered. 
Captain  Biddle  directed  the  marines  to  stop  firing,  and,  while 
asking  if  they  had  surrendered,  received  a  wound  in  the  neck. 
The  enemy  just  then  got  elear  of  the  Hornet ;  and  his  foremast 
and  bowsprit  being  both  fomi,  and  perceiving  preparations  te 
give  hifld  another  broadside,  h«  twain  called  out  that  he  had  sur> 
rondcrad.     It  was'  with  great  dimcutty  that  Captain  Biddka  MHld 

98,* 


■I" 


'■ 


1 


876 


HATAl  BATTLB*. 


restain  hia  crew  from  firing  into  him  b^^ain,  as  it  was  certain  that 
he  had  fired  into  the  Hornet  after  havmg  surrendered.  From  the 
firing  of  the  first  gun  to  the  last  time  the  enemy  cried  out  that  he 
had  surrendered,  was  exactly  twenty-two  minutes.     The  vessel 

E roved  to  be  the  British  brig  Penguin,  of  twenty  guns,  a  remarka* 
ly  fine  vessel  of  her  class,  and  one  hundred  and  thirty-two  men; 
twelve  of  them  supernumeraries  from  the  Medway  seventy-four, 
received  on  board  in  consequence  of  their  being  ordered  to  cruise 
for  the  privateer  Young  Wasp. 

The  Penguin  had  fourteen  killed  and  twenty-eight  wounded. 
Among  thu  killed  was  captain  Dickenson,  who  fell  at  the  close 
of  the  action.  As  she  was  completely  riddled,  and  so  crippled  at 
to  be  incapable  of  being  secured,  and  being  at  a  great  distance 
from  the  United  States,  Captain  Biddle  ordered  her  to  be  scuttled 
and  sunk. 

The  Hornet  did  not  receive  a  single  round  shot  in  her  hull ; 
and  though  much  cut  in  her  sails  and  rigging,  was  soon  made 
ready  for  further  service.  Her  loss  was  one  killed  and  eleven 
wounded. 

ALOBRINB   WAR. 

Immediately  after  the  ratification  of  peace  with  great  Britain, 
in  February  1315,  Congress,  in  consequence  of  the  hostile  con- 
duct of  the  regency  of  Algiers,  declared  war  against  that  power. 
A  squadron  wan  immediately  fitted  out,  under  the  command  of 
commodore  Decatur,  consisting  of  the  Guerriere,  Constellalion, 
and  Macedonian  frigates,  theOntario  and  Epervier  sloops  of  war, 
and  the  schooners  Spark,  Spitfire,  Torch,  and  Flambeau.  Anoth- 
er squadron,  under  commodore  Bainbridge,  was  to  follow  this 
armament,  on  the  arrival  of  which,  it  was  understood,  commodore 
Decatur  would  return  to  the  United  States  in  a  single  vessel, 
leaving  the  command  of  the  whole  combined  force  to  commodore 
Bainbridge. 

The  force  under  commodore  Decatur  rendezvoused  at  New 
York,  from  which  port  they  sailed  the  30th  day  of  May,  1816, 
and  arrived  in  the  Bay  of  Gibraltar  in  twenty-five  da^s,  after 
having  previously  communicated  with  Cadiz  and  Tangier.  In 
the  passage,  the  Spitfire,  Torch,  Firefly,  and  Ontario,  separated 
nt  diflerent  times  from  the  squadron  in  gales,  but  all  joined  again 
at  Gibraltar,  with  the  exception  of  the  Firefly,  which  sprung  her 
masts,  and  put  back  to  New  York  to  refit.  Having  learned  at 
Gibraltar  that  the  Algerine  squadron,  which  had  been  out  into  the 
Atlantic,  had  undoubtedly  passed  up  the  straits,  and  that  informa- 
tion of  the  arrival  of  the  American  force  had  been  sent  to  Algiers 
by  persons  in  Gibraltar,  commodore  Decatur  determined  to  pro- 
ceed without  delay  up  the  Mediterranean,  in  the  hope  of  inter- 
cepting the  enemy  before  he  could  return  to  Algiers,  or  gain  a 
OMitral  port. 


i  certain  thtt 
Jered.  From  the 
Icried  out  that  he 
lies.  The  veuel 
l^uns,  a  remarka* 
thirty-two  men; 
vay  seventy-four, 
I  ordered  to  cruise 

-eight  wounded. 

fell  at  the  cloM 
ind  so  crippled  as 

a  great  distance 
her  to  be  scuttled 

shot  in  her  hull; 
was  soon  made 
killed  and  eleven 


irith  great  Britain, 
tf  the  hostile  con- 
against  that  power, 
the  command  of 
ere,  Constellation, 
^rvier  sloops  of  war, 
Flambeau.  Anoth- 
was  to  follow  this 
irstood,  commodore 
in  a  single  vessel, 
force  to  commodore 

dezvoused  at  New 
day  of  May,  1816, 
nty-five  da^s,  aAer 
and  Tangier.      In 
Ontario,  separated 
but  all  joined  again 
^  which  sprung  her 
Having  learned   at 
lad  been  out  into  the 
:s,  and  that  informa- 
been  sent  to  Algiers 
determined  to  pro- 
the  hope  of  inter- 
Algiers,  or  gain  a 


WATAl  SATTtlt. 


The  nth  of  June,  off  Cape  de  Gatt,  he  fell  in  with  and  eap(ui> 
•d  the  Algerine  frigate  Mazouda,  in  a  running  light  of  twenty* 
five  minutes.  After  two  broadsides  the  Algerines  ran  below. 
The  Guerriere  had  four  men  wounded  by  musketry — the  Algerines 
about  thirty  killed,  according  to  the  statement  of  the  prisoners, 
who  amounted  to  four  hundred  and  six.  In  this  afiuir  the  famous 
Algerine  admiral,  or  Rais,  Hamniida,  who  had  long  been  the  ter- 
ror of  this  sea,  was  cut  in  two  by  a  cannon  shot.  On  the  19th 
of  June,  off  cape  Palos,  the  squadron  fell  in  with  and  captured 
Ml  Algerine  brig  of  twenty-two  guns.  The  brig  was  chased 
close  to  the  shore,  where  she  was  followed  by  the  Epervier,  Spark, 
Torch,  and  Spitfire,  to  whom  she  surrendered,  after  losing  twenty- 
three  men.  No  Americans  were  either  killed  or  wounded.  The 
captured  brig,  with  most  of  the  prisoners  on  board,  was  sent  into 
Carthagena.  From  cape  Palos,  the  American  squadron  proceed- 
ed to  Algiers,  where  it  arrived  the  'iBih  of  June. 

The  treaty  which  captain  Decatur  finally  succeeded  in  negotia- 
ting with  the  Day,  was  highly  favorable.  The  principal  articles 
were,  that  no  tribute  under  any  pretext  or  in  any  form  whatever, 
should  ever  be  required  by  Algiers  from  the  United  States  of 
America — that  all  Americans  in  slavery  should  be  given  up  with- 
out ransom — that  compensation  should  be  made  for  American 
vessels  captured,  or  property  seized  or  detained  at  Algiers — that 
the  persons  and  property  of  American  citizens  found  on  board  an 
enemy's  Vessel  should  be  sacred — that  vessels  of  either  party 
putting  into  port  should  be  supplied  with  provisions  at  market 
price,  and,  if  necessary  to  be  repaiftd,  should  land  their  cargoes 
without  paying  duty — that  if  a  vessel  belonging  to  either  party 
should  be  cast  on  shore,  she  should  not  be  given  up  to  plunder— 
or  if  attacked  by  an  enemy  within  cannon  shot  of  a  fort,  sl^uuld 
be  protected,  and  no  enemy  be  permitted  to  follow  her  when  she 
went  to  sea  within  twenty-tour  hours.  In  general,  the  rights  of 
Americans  on  the  ocean  and  land,  were  fully  provided  for  in  every 
instance,  and  it  was  particularly  stipulated  that  all  citizens  of  the 
United  States  taken  m  war,  should  be  treated  as  prisoners  of  war 
are  treated  by  other  nations,  and  not  as  slaves,  but  held  subject 
to  an  exchange  without  ransom.  After  concluding  this  treaty,  so 
highly  honorable  and  advdntageoua  to  this  country,  the  commis- 
sioners gave  up  the  captured  frigate  and  brig,  to  their  former 
owners. 

Commodore  Decatur  despatched  captain  Lewis  in  the  Eper- 
vier, bearins  the  treaty  to  the  United  States,  and  leaving  Mr. 
Shaler  at  Algiers,  as  consul-general  to  the  Barbary  states,  pro- 
ceeded with  the  rest  of  the  squadron  to  Tunis,  with  the  exception 
of  two  schooners  under  cutain  Gamble,  sent  to  convoy  the 
Algerine  vesf  els  home  from  Carthagena.  Having  obtained  from 
the  bashaw  of  Tunis  a  full  rsstoration  in  money,  for  certain  out- 
rsgss  which  had  been  sustained  by  American  citizens  the  squad* 


RATAL  AiTTUU 

roa  ^ooMdtd  to  Tripoli,  where  commodore  Dooatw  nuulf  a 
similar  demand  for  a  similar  violation  of  the  treaty  lubsisting 
between  the  United  States  and  the  bashaw,  who  had  permitted 
two  American  vessels  to  be  taken  from  under  the  guns  of  bit 
castle  by  a  British  sloop  of  war,  and  refused  protection  to  Ml 
American  cruiser  lying  within  his  jurisdiction.  Restitution  of  th« 
full  value  of  these  vessels  was  demanded,  and  the  monaj, 
amounting  to  twenty-five  thousand  dollars,  paid  by  the  bashaw 
into  the  hands  of  the  American  consul.  AAer  the  conclusion  of 
this  affair,  the  American  consular  flag,  which  Mr.  Jones,  tba 
eoasul,  had  struck,  in  consequence  of  the  violation  of  neutraUtj 
abova  mentioned,  was  hoisted  in  the  presence  of  the  foreifQ 
'  agents,  and  saluted  from  the  castle  with  thirty-one  guns.  In  a4* 
dition  to  the  satisfaction  thus  obtained,  for  unprovoked  aggr— » 
sions,  the  commodore  had  the  pleasure  of  obtaining  the  releaaa 
of  ten  captives,  two  Danes,  ana  eight  Neapolitans,  the  latter  of 
whom  ha  landed  at  Messina 


VUwof  I 

After  touching  at  Messina  and  Naples,  the  squadron  sailed  for 
Carthagena  on  tne  31st  of  August,  where  commodore  Decatur 
was  in  expectr*:;,j  of  meeting  the  relief  squadron,  under  commo- 
dore Bainbridge.  On  joining  that  officer  at  Gibraltar,  be  rclin- 
qoished  his  command,  and  sailed  in  the  Guerriere  for  the  United 
States,  where  be  arrived  on  the  iSthof  NovendMr,  1816.  Evcrir 
tbing  being  done  previous  to  the  arrival  of  the  second  division  or 
the  sqaadron,  unpor  cemmodore  Bainbri<%e,  that  gallant  officar 
bad  no  enportanity  of  djalMf  whii^  hiawalf.    JPnnuaal  ta  bb 


--xWrtfUMMSWHW 


tm  vuM  • 
•ub»iitiiM| 
lo  had  ptrmittM 
I  the  guu  of  bit 
protectioa  to  W 
estitutioaof  th* 
the  moBAj, 
by  the  bashaw 
|tha  conclusion  of 
Mr.  Jonas,  tb* 
kion  of  nautrnlity 
pa  of  tha  foraigii 
Ine  guns.  In  M- 
Iprovokad  sggra** 
ining  tha  releaaa 
s,  tha  latter  of 


■quodron  sailed  fbr 
tmmodore  Decatur 
'on,  under  commo- 
Gibraltar,  be  rclin* 
ere  (or  the  United 
ber.  1616.  £vci7 
second  division  or 
that  gallant  officer 
~  tobM 


m  AKXMtta  ftAO. 


instructions  he  exhibited  this  additional  force  before  Algiers, 
Tunis,  and  Tripoli,  where  their  were  somewhat  surprised  at  the 
appearance  of  the  Independence  seventy-four.  Commodore 
Bainbridge  sailed  from  Gibraltar  thirty-six  houra  before  the 
Guerriere,  and  arrived  at  Boston  th«  1^  of  Novefliber. 


TU  AME1UC/.IT  FLAG. 

When  FrMdom  from  her  moantsin  beigliti 
nnfbrled  hut  ituuiud  to  the  air, 

BbB  tors  the  aaore  robe  of  night. 
And  wt  the  etan  of  glory  toere ; 

She  mingled  with  the  fottivm  djret 

The  milliy  baldrie  of  tne  ixu.*, 

And  etriped  its  pure  oeleatial  whits. 

With  etrealungi  of  the  morning  li|^ 

Then,  from  hie  manaion  in  the  inn, 

She  raited  ber  eagle-bearer  down, 

Jkhd  flam  bilo  Usnigh^  head 

The  symbol  of  biu  enoaen  land. 

Mdeatie  monairh  of  the  elend, 

Who  reareat  aloft  Uqr  regal  {brm, 
To  hear  the  tempeat  tramping  load, 
And  ic«  the  lightning  lanoea  driven, 

When  anioe  the  wanton  of  Uw  stam 
lAad  rails  the  thnnder  drum  of  heavea^w* 
qhiU  of  the  Son,  to  thee 't  is  given, 
To  guard  the  banner  of  the  frap 
To  hovOT  In  the  solphar  smoke, 
Tb  watdflsrar  the  battle  stroke, 
And  bid  ita  blendings  shine  aftr, 
lAa  rahihewa  on  tne  elood  of  war, 
The  hattinger  of  vielory. 

flag  «r  «hs  bimve,ttar  IbMa  shall  flv, 
SMaiga  at  haM  aad  tnaoiphi  hig^ 
When  apsaki^  the  aignal  trumpet-tons, 
Ami  the  )0U;liae  comes  gleaming  on,' 
nm  vst  tbrliib-blood,  warm  anowet, 
llaa  Ammcii  the  gUateniag  bayoaati) 
JwhAoldWa eye ahaUMghtly  tv^ta 
To  where  thy  meteaNf^oriea  bn  < , 
And,  aa  hia  springing  stepe  adva^or 
Gateh  war  and  vengeance  from  the ,  :laaea' 
And,  whea4he  oanncn-moatUnga  load 
Uaave,  in  wild  wiaatte,  the  battls  ahraad, 
And  gory  sabres  riae  and  ftll, 
Uke  ahoOta  of  flame  on  midnight's  palli 
'ftera  ahid^thy  victor  glaacea  glow, 
Aad  OMsaiiBv  ibas  abll  sink  beM 


CAttAXK  >ABBt. 

Flat  of  th«  •«•,  «>  «*«'•  J^T*  ^ 
Thv  Mn  •hall  gUttCT  o  er  thit  brmw, 
When  ie'%  careering  on  the  g»ie, 
8wwp*  darkly  round  the  belliei  iail. 
™Vtene'd  wave.  ru.h  wild^  b«* 
Before  3ie  broad-aidea  reeling  rack, 
The  dvinir  wanderer  ol  the  aea 
Shall  looiTatonce  to  heaven  «»d  U>et, 
And  amile  to  iee  thy  M.lendora  fly, 
In  triumph,  oer  hw  cloaing  eye. 

FIa«  of  the  (Vee  hearU'  only  home, 
Bv  anaelhanda  to  valoi  given, 

Thy  •taS  have  lit  the  welkin  dome. 
And  all  thy  hue.  were  boni  in  heat«i. 


CAPTAIN  PARRY'S  PmST  VOYAGE  OP 
DISCOVERY. 

hundred  and  eighty  tons,  ^^^^^^^^^^  iJ ^^t  herself  under  his 

Liddon.  was  at  the  •*«>«»      ,„„rt  ion  w  J  to  discover  a  north 
Orders.    The  object  of  the  exp^diu^^^^ 

west  passage  into  the  r**T;, u,. --v     They  took  in  provision* 
«.peJition  was  »° 'f «"'" J^^y  if  S 

for  two  years,  and  «»•»  *  2*^^  Jl"  and  other  stores  adapted 
in  tin  cases,  essence  of  malt  ^d  hops.  ^^^^  ^^^^^^ 

^::Sy^r^^LiA::i^re..,,m  ^h  .»  ahuadanc 

^Sr;a«-topasOf^^^^^^^^^^^ 
SounSto  Behring's  Strait.  ^^ '^^*";J*;;^•ca^  Other 

to  Kamtschatka  and  "»«"X^"i'';i^Tft  to  hTown  discretion. 
iMtructions  were  g'!*".' ^u*  ""«„  and  proceeded  up  the  straito 
He  sailed  in  the  begtnnHiB  'f  Jlw.  mcW  At  Ke  was  making 
of  Davis,  where  ho  Toundtbeice  close  pac^^^^  ^^^  .^» 

.    hi.  way  towards  the  werternjho^^^^  Her'etheice 

closed  round  »»?«  •5;P/^l:;?oSdn^^^^^^  in  the  usual  way 
was  so  close,  that  the  ™*" 3*g^  „„ch  to  the  amusement  of 


loa, 

at      . 


TAGE  OF 


arry  wai  apiwintcd 
,  a  bomb  of  three 
«r,  gun  brig,  one 
leutenant  Matthew 
t  herself  under  his 

0  discover  a  north 
ual  engaged  in  the 
took  in  provision* 

ind  soups  preserved 
ther  stores  adapted 
Ups  were  ballasted 
with  an  abundance 

trough  Lancaster's 
he  was  to  proceed 
I!ape  Horn.  Other 
his  own  discretion, 
eded  up  the  straite 
As  he  was  making 
th  of  June,  the  ice 
ress.  Here  the  ice 
id  in  the  usual  way, 

1  the  amusement  of 
(  the  SSth  was  wtj 


CATTAiir  rAMn.  StS 

jnpleasant,  and  would  have  been  dangerous  to  ships  built  in  the 
orainary  wny.  Each  roll  of  the  seu  forced  the  heavy  masses  of 
ice  against  the  rudder  and  counter  with  great  violence;  but  being 
to  well  strengthened,  they  escaped  without  damage.  While  in  this 
state,  a  large  white  bear  approached  the  (iriper,  attracted  by  the 
smell  of  Rome  red  herrings,  which  the  men  were  frying  at  the  time. 
They  killed  him,  but  he  sunk  between  the  pieces  of  ice,  and  they 
were  unable  to  ol>tain  him.  On  the  30th,  the  ice  began  to  slacken  a 
little  about  the  ships,  and  allcrtwo  hour's  heaving,  they  succeeded 
in  moving  the  Hecia  about  her  own  length  to  the  eastward;  and 
the  ice  continuing  open  afler  eight  hours'  incessant  labor,  they 
hauled  both  ships  into  open  water. 

Captain  Parry  having  failed  in  his  first  attempt  to  approach  the 
western  shore,  came  to  tho  determination  of  tryins  to  effect  this 
object,  about  the  latitude  of  mount  Raleigh,  which  forms  one 
side  of  the  narrowest  part  of  Davin's  Strait.  They  kept  on  durins 
the  1st  and  2d  of  July,  without  finding  any  opening.  On  the  third 
day,  the  wind  having  shided  to  the  south-west,  another  large  chain 
of  icebergs  was  seen  to  the.  northward.  They  could  find  no  bot- 
tom near  these  icebergs  with  one  hundred  and  ten  fathom  of  line. 
At  four  A.  M.  on  the  4th,  they  cnme  to  a  quantity  of  loose  ice 
floating  among  the  bergs.  The  breeze  blew  lightly  from  the 
southward,  and  wishing  to  avoid  going  to  the  eastward,  thev  push- 
ed  the  Hecla  into  the  ice,  in  hopes  of  being  able  to  make  way 
through  it.  But  it  immediately  fell  calm  and  the  ship  becoming 
perfectly  unmanageable,  was  for  some  time  at  the  mercy  of  the 
swell,  which  driAed  her  fast  towards  the  bergs.  The  Griper's 
signal  was  made  not  to  enter  the  ice,  and  after  two  hours'  hard 
pulling,  they  succeeded  in  getting  the  Hecla  clear  of  the  icebergs, 
which  it  is  very  dangerous  to  approach  whenever  there  is  a  swell. 

The  ice  was  now  so  close  that  they  found  it  impossible  to  pro- 
ceed further  westward;  and  they  made  the  best  way  they  could, 
by  beating  to  the  northward,  until  the  lOth,  when  a  thick  fog  came 
on,  which  made  it  necessary  to  use  great  caution  in  sailing  to  avoid 
the  icebergs.  The  reflection  of  light,  however,  is  so  strong  from 
those  vast  bodies  of  ice,  that  in  thfa  thickest  fog  they  can  be  seen 
at  a  sufiicient  distance  to  enable  the  navigator,  if  in  smooth  water, 
to  keep  clear  of  them.  The  people  succeeded  in  killing  a  large 
bear,  which  was  seen  near  them  on  a  piece  of  ice  and  towed  it 
on  board.  These  animals  sink  immediately  on  being  wounded, 
and  to  secure  them,  it  is  necessary  to  throw  a  rope  over  the  neck, 
at  which  the  Greenland  seamen  are  very  expert.  After  encounter^ 
ing  many  difiiculties  from  the  tenacity  of  the  ice,  on  the  Slst 
Captain  Parry  reached  latitude  73".  As  he  was  unwilling  to  in- 
orease  his  distance  from  Lancaster's  Sound,  he  determined  to 
enter  the  ice  here.  He  accordingly  ran  in  among  the  floes,  and 
on  the  evening  of  the  23d,  the  ships  were  so  beset,  that  rfo  open 
watoff  eould  be  aeen  firom  the  maat^ead.    The  weather  being 


■5IP 


mH 


ejatAM  Toan 


' 


dear  on  the  next  iny,  and  a  few  nan'ow  lanea  of  water  appearing 
to  the  westward,  they  proceeded  to  warp  the  ships  through  the  ico. 
At  eight  P.  M.,  thejr  had  advanced  four  miles  lu  westward,  and 
having  come  to  the  end  of  clear  water,  they  secured  the  ships  in 
a  deep  bight,  or  bay  in  a  floe,  called  by  the  sailors,  natural  dock! 
On  the  next  day,  a  boat  was  sent  to  try  to  find  a  lane  of  clear  water 
leading  to  the  westward.  She  returned  without  success,  and  the 
weather  was  so  fo^gy,  that  it  was  with  difliculty  she  found  her 
way  back  to  the  ships  by  means  of  muskets  and  other  signals. 

On  Tuesday  37th,  the  clear  water  had  made  so  much  to  the 
westward,  that  a  narrow  neck  qf  ice  was  all  that  separated  the  ships 
from  a  large  open  apace  in  that  quarter.  The  men  were  just 
ordered  out  to  saw  on*  the  neck,  when  the  floes  suddenly  opened, 
and  allowed  the  Griper  to  push  through  under  all  sail.  Although 
they  lost  no  time  in  attempting  to  get  the  Hecia  through  after  her, 
yet  before  they  could  effect  it,  the  passage  was  completelv  blocked 
up  by  a  piece  of  floating  ice,  which  was  drawn  after  the  Griper,  by 
the  eddy  produced  in  her  motion.  Before  they  could  haul  it  out 
of  the  channel,  the  floes  pressed  together  und  wedged  it  inimovea- 
bfy,  and  although  the  saws  were  used  with  great  enect,  it  was  not 
until  after  seven  hours'  labor,  that  they  succeeded  in  gettine  the 
HecIa  into  the  lanes  of  clear  water,  which  opened  towards  the 
westward.  They  now  perceived  with  pleasure,  a  pitching  motion 
of  the  vessel,  which,  from  the  closeness  of  the  ice,  does  not  often 
occur  in  those  regions,  as  a  sure  indication  of  an  open  sea.  The 
wind  breezing  up  by  one  o'clock  P.  M.,  the  ice  had  all  disappear« 
ed,  and  the  sea  was  free  from  obstructions  of  any  kind.  Here 
they  found  the  whales  so  numerous,  that  no  less  than  eighty-two 
are  mentioned  in  this  day's  log.  It  is  commonly  thought  by  the 
Greenland  fishermen,  that  the  presence  of  ice  is  necessary  to  in- 
■ure  the  finding  of  whales;  but  no  ice  was  seen  this  day,  when 
they  were  most  numerous.  At  half  past  five  P.  M.,  the  high  land 
itbout  Possession  bay  came  in  sight.  Lancaster's  Sound  was  now 
open  to  the  westward,  and  the  experience  of  a  former  voyage  had 
given  Captain  Parry  reason  to  believe  that  the  two  best  months 
%r  the  navigation  of  those  seas  were  yet  to  come.  This,  together 
#ith  the  magnificent  view  of  the  lofty  Byaur  Martin  Mountains, 
which  recalled  forcibly  to  his  mind  the  events  of  the  preceding 
year,  animated  him  with  expectation  and  hope.  On  the  Sist,  they 
anchored  in  Possession  bay,  and  discovered  a  flag  staflT  which  had 
been  erected  on  the  former  expedition.  The  only  animals  found 
here  were  a  fox,  a  raven,  some  ring  plovera,  .snow-buntings,  and 
•  wild  bee.  Several  tracks  of  bears  and  reindeers  were  abo  sinen 
upon  the  moist  ground.  Three  black  whales  were  seen  in  the  bay, 
•lid  the  crown  bones  of  several  others  were  lying  near  thebeacii. 
The  tide  rises  here  about  eight  feet,  and  the  flood  seems  fo  <;«hM 
fiom  the  northwa.fI. 

On  tiie  firiit  of  Augnit,  Captain  Parry  finding  that  the  6>ip«r 


— ;mMM|>HMItM 


iitaMiaMiiMNMili 


of  water  appearing 

lips  througn  tho  ico. 

lu  westward,  and 

jcured  the  ihipa  in 

ilora,  natural  dock! 

I  lone  of  clear  water 

tut  success,  and  the 

ulty  she  found  her 

.id  other  signals. 

lade  so  much  to  the 

separated  the  shipa 

_'he  men  were  just 

les  suddenly  opened, 

r  all  sail.     Alihough 

cla  through  after  her, 

8  completelv  blocked 

n  after  the  Griper,  by 

hey  could  l<aul  it  out 

d  wedced  it  inimovea- 

reat  effect,  it  was  not 

ceeded  in  gettins  the 

I  opened  towards  the 

ure,  a  pitching  motion 

the  ice,  does  not  often 

of  an  open  sea.    The 

)  ice  had  all  disappear- 

s  of  any  kind.     Here 

o  less  than  eighty-two 

imonly  thought  by  the 

ice  is  necessary  to  in- 

18  seen  this  day,  when 

re  P.  M.,  the  high  land 

sasler's  Sound  was  now 

of  a  former  voyage  had 

It  the  two  best  months 

►  come.    This,  together 

aur  Martin  Mountains, 

vents  of  the  preceding 

jpe.    On  the  81st,  they 

ed  a  flag  staflT  which  had 

rhe  only  animals  found 

ers,  .snow-buntings,  and 

reindeers  were  also  seen 

les  were  seen  in  the  bay, 

e  lying  near  the  beach. 

the  flood  seema  to  i^MOfo 

finding  that  Uie<SM|<lr 


eATTkiJi  tktar. 


ssa 


could  not  keep  up  with  the  Hecla,  determined  to  leave  her.     He 
appointed  tlie  middle  of  Lancaster  Sound  aa  a  place  of  rendezvous, 
and  crowding  aW  «ail  on  the  Hecla,  he  came  towards  ovenina;  in 
sight  of  the  northern  shore  of  the  sound ;  and  the  next  day  had  a  ' 
clear  view  of  both  sides  of  it 

Having  run  due  west  nearly  out  of  sight  of  the  Griper,  the 
Hoela  hove  to  for  her  to  come  up  in  longitude  83"  12'  west  from 
Greenwich,  there  being  not  the  slightest  appearance  of  land  to 
the  west-vard.  The  only  ice  met  consisted  of  a  few  large  bergs, 
much  worn  by  the  washing  of  the  sea.  Whales  were  seen,  and 
the  wind  increased  so  that  the  'op-gallant-yards  were  taken  in 
On  the  4tb,  Lieutenant  Beechy  discovered,  from  the  crow's  nest, 
breakers  to  the  northward  They  sounded,  and  found  bottom 
with  forty-five  fathoms  of  line.  Tho  Griper  coining  up,  the  vessel* 
bore  away  to.  the  westward.  The  sea  was  here  so  clear  of  ine, 
that  they  l^igan  to  flatter  themselves,  that  they  had  indeed 
entered  the  Polar  Sea.  Their  vexation  was  therefore  extreme, 
when,  towards  evening,  land  was  seen  ahead.  At  eight  P.  M., 
they  came  to  a  stream  of  ice  extending  several  miles  in  a  direction 
parallel  to  their  course;  and  after  sailing  for  two  hours  alon;;  the 
edge  of  the  ice,  they  found  it  proceeded  from  a  compact  body  of 
floes,  which  completely  cut  off  their  passage.  The  weather  here 
was  calm  and  foggy,  and  the  men  amused  themselves  in  pursu- 
ing  white  whales,  which  were  swimming  about  the  ships  in  great 
numbers.  But  these  animals  were  so  wary,  that  they  neidnm  suf^ 
fered  the  boats  to  approach  within  thirty  or  forty  yards  of  them, 
without  diving.  Thtfy  also  saw  for  the  first  time,  one  or  two 
ahoalo  of  uar-whales,  called  by  the  sailors  sea-unicorns.  Finding 
that  the  sound  or  strait  was  closed,  excepting  in  ohe  place  to  the 
southward,  to  this  opening  they  directed  their  course.  They  had 
sailed  but  a  few  hours,  however,  when  it  fell  calm;  nnd  the 
Griper,  having  spread  both  her  top-marts,  advantage  wns  liu^bu  of 
the  calm  weather  to  shift  them.  The  Hecla's  boats  were  at  the 
same  time,  employed  in  bringing  aboard  ice  to  be  used  as  water. 
Berge-ice  is  preferred  for  this  purpose,  but  that  of  floes  which  b 
in  fact  the  ice  of  sea  water,  u  also  used.  One  of  the  boats  wu 
npaet  by  the  fall  of  a  mass  of  ioe,  but  fortunately  n->  injury  vf9M 
■ustained.  A  breeze  springing  up  from  the  north- north-west,  they 
made  sail  and  stood  to  the  southward.  After  sailing  a  short  time, 
they  discovered  that  they  were  entering  a  -large  inlet  about  ten 
Jeasuea  wide  at  its  mouth,  and  in  the  centre  of  wiiiuh,  no  land 
could  bo  distinguished.  The  western  shore  was  so  encumbered 
with  ice,  that  it  was  impossible  to  sail  near  it.  They  therefore  ran 
•long  between  the  ice  and  the  eastern  shore,  where  there  was  A 
broad  channel,  with  the  intention  of  seeking  a  lower  latitude  or  a 
elourer  passage  to  the  westward.  Since  they  had  first  entered 
Lancaster's  Sound,  the  sluggishness  of  the  compasses,  and  the 
imgulerity  produced  by  the  attraction  of  tl»e  ship's  iron,  faiad  been 


mar 


|f||  WrtAUX  F4JRRr. 

Jbnnd^  to  increase  rapidly  as  they  proceeded  to  the  westward. 

llW- irregularity  increased  as  they  advanced  to  the  southward, 
frbich  i'^ndered  it  not  improbable  that  they  were  approaching  the 
.njlgaef'o  pole.  The  compasses  therefore  were  no  longer  nt  for 
the  purposes  of  navigation,  and  the  binacles  were  removed  as 
useless  lumber  into  the  carpenter's  store-room,  where  they  remain- 
ed^uring  the  rest  of  the  season.  Bbing  desirous  of  obtaining  all 
the  magnetic  observations  they  were  able,  on  a  spot  which  appear- 
,ad  so  full  of  interest  in  this  department  of  science,  two  boats  wert 
dispatched  from  each  ship  to  the  nearest  easterti  shore,  under 
the  command  of  Lieutenant  Beechy  and  Hoppner,  who,  together 
with  Captain  Sabine,  were  directed  to  make  the  necessary  obser- 
vations. As  soon  as  the  boats  returned,  the  ships  hove  to  the 
.Aouthward,  along  the  edge  of  the  ice,  and  by  midnight  the  ehattael 
was  narrowed  to  a]j[0ut  five  miles.  They  could  find  no  soundings; 
tbe  weather  was  serene  and  the  sun  for  the  second  time  that  sea- 
lion  just  dipjped  below  the  northern  horizon,  and  reappeared  a  few 
fnoments  after.  They  had  hoped  to  find  a  passage  to  the 'south 
tf  die  ice,  especially  as  the  inlet  widened  considerably  as  they 
pdvanced  in  th&t  direction;  but  on  the  morning  of  the  8th,  they 
perceived  that  the  ice  ran  close  in  with  a  point  of  land,  which 

.^Memed  to  form  the  southern  extremity  of  the  eastern  shore.    The 

.  .prospect  from  the  crow's  nest  began  to  assume  a  very  unpromising 
•Appearance.  The  whole  western  horizon  from  north  round  to 
^fJQuth  by  east,  beiqg  completely  covered  with  ice,  beyond  idblch 
iio  indication  of  water  was  visible.  Captain  Parry  therefore  de- 
iarmined,  as  the  season  was  fast  advancmg,  to  return  immediate- 
Jy  to  the  northward,  in  the  hope  of  finding  the  channel  between 
Jrrince  Leopold*s  Isles  and  Maxwell  Bay,  more  open  than  when 
they  left  it,  in  which  there  could  be  little  doubt  of  eflTecting  a 
jPHsage  to  the  westward.  They  haid  sailed  to  the  southwiM  in 
ihijp  inlet  about  one   hundred   and  twenty  miles,    Cape    Ktter 

.itei^g  by  the  observations  in  latitude  71°  53'  30"  loneitude  90*^' 
,45".    They  returned  to  the  northward  with  a  light  but  faroitble 

;;lureeze.     On  the  10th,  the  weather  was  thick  with  snow,  v^iioh 

!  ,j|raB  succeeded  by  rain  and  fog.  The  ships  moored  to  a  floe,  but 
.^idienthe  (leather  cleared,  they  found  themselves  drifting  with  the 
.floe  upon  another  body  of  ice  to  leeward.  They  therefore  east 
oflTand  beat  to  the  northward,  v^ich  was  very  difficult  to  do,  on 
account  of  the  drifl  ice  with  which  thh  whole  inlet  was  now  cover- 
ed. Although  several  days  were  thus  passed  in  contending  with 
Ut^§,  head  wmds,  and  all  tl^e  difiiculties  of  arctic  navigation,  yet 
neither  ojScers  nor  crews  lost  health  or  spirits.  They  repined 
not.  at  the  dapgers  and  difficulties  of  their  situation,  bat  because 
tlUe  accomplishmept  of  their  hopes  was  delayed. 

Jk  liaht  southern  brt^vne  ambled  them  to  ttaer  towards  Prince 
XMpoIdVlflai,  wlii|Bh%er  fojiiid  i^ipre eacumberwd  with  tea  than 
ll^.  iSira  Ihtr  itiT^ll^il^^  «r  ftar*wbaIaa;i>£iMth 


^*«4^ 


•    IWIWIIIIII 


inwiiiinimi 


MiswiiiAito«iniiaiiiJjii)Mili)lii''" 


to  the  westward. 

to  the  ■outhwtA, 

•e  approaching  the 

|re  no  longer  ht  for 

I  were  removed  as 

where  they  remain- 

■ous  of  obtaining  all 

^  spot  which  appear- 

Jnce,  two  boats  were 

[asterli  shore,  under 

inner,  who,  together 

the  necessary  obser- 

_ie  ships  hove  to  the 

midniehtthe  ehaanel 

Id  find  no  soundings; 

econd  time  that  sea- 

md  reappeared  a  few 

passage  to  the '  south 

considerably  as  they 

ning  of  the  8th,  thev 

point  of  land,  which 

)  eastern  shore.    The 

me  a  very  unpromising 

from  north  round  to 

ith  ice,  beyond  which 

in  Parry  therefore  de- 

r,  to  return  injmediate- 

;  the  channel  between 

,  more  open  than  when 

e  doubt  of  effecting  a 

»d  to  the  aouthwarain 

f  miles,    Cape    Ktter 

;'  W  longitude  WW 

:h  a  light  but  fhvorable 

liick  with  snow,  wKieh 

IS  moored  to  a  floe,  but 

nselves  drifting  with  the 

,    They  therefore  east 

very  difficult  to  do,  on 

)le  inlet  was  now  cover- 

ised  in  contending  with 

if  arctic  navigatiw,  yet 

spirits.    They  repined 

■situation,  bat  becanae 

ayed. 

to  steer  towudf  Prince 


tbair  hMlu  abote  lh«  mlMr  in  the  .«Mn«  jwrnaer  •«  the  -wb«bii 
jMid  ftequently  with  tfaair  ham.eMet  and  quite  stationary  for 
iMveral  minutes  together.  Three  or  four  miles  to  the  northward, 
they  discovered  an  opening,  having  every  appearance  of  a  harbor, 
with  an  island  near  the  entrance.  It  was  named  Jackson's  Bay. 
The  whole  of  (be  14th  was  consumed  in  the  attempt  to  find  an 
opening  in  the  ice,  but  as  it  reoiained  perfectly  close  and  com^.aGt, 
on  the  15th  Captain  Parry  went  on  snore  to  make  observations. 
He  landed  in  one  of  the  numerous  valleys,  which  occur  on  this 

Eart  of  the  coast,  very  much  resembling  bays,  being  bounded  by 
igh  hills,  which  appear  like  bluff  head-Unds.  He  ascended  the 
biu  on  the  south  side  of  the  ravine,  which  is  very  steep,  and  cov 
ered  with  detached  blocks  of  lim»«tone,  some  of  which  are  con- 
stantly rolling  down,  and  which  afford  a  very  insecure  footing. 
.From  the  top  of  the  hill  no  water  could  be  seen  over  the  ice  to  the 
northwest;  and  the  whole  space  comprised  4>etween  the  islands 
and  the  northern  shore,  was  covered  with  a  bright  dazzling  blink. 
It  was  a  satisfaction,  however,  to  find  that  no  land  appeared, 
and  Captain  Parry  was  too  well  aware  of  the  suddenness  mlh 
which  obstructions,  occasioned  by  the  ice,  are  often  removed,  to 
:be  at  all  discouraged  by  present  appearances.  On  the  top  of  this 
;bill,  he  deposited  a  bottle  containing  a  short  notice  of  his  visit, 
and  raised  over  it  a  small  mound  of  itones.  The  wind  was  light 
the  next  day,  and  the  ice  being  close,  the  ships  scarcely  changed 
their  position.  Despairing  of  beiiig-  able  to  penetrate  westward, 
in  the  neighborhood  of  Prmce  Leopold  isles,  Captain  Parry  de> 
termtned  to  stand  towards  the  northern  shore  again,  and  after 
beating  for  some  hours  among  the  drift  ice,  the  ahips  got  'mio  clear 
water  near  the  coast.  Thev  had  jjust  liaht  enoush  at  midnight, 
to  see  to  read  and  write  in  the  cabin.  Passing  along  the  shore, 
iihev  left  the  ice  behind  them,  and  en  the  31st  they  had  nothing 
to  hinder  their  passage  westward,  bat  want  of  wind.  But  the 
wind  freshening  soon  after,  all  sail  was  made  to  the  westward, 
where  the  proapect  began  to  wear  a  more  and  more  interesting 
appearance.  It  was  soon  perceived  that  the  land  along  which 
tney  were  sailing,  and  whien  hadappewed  to  be- continuous  from 
'  fiaflhi's  Bay,  b^an  now  to  trend  much  to  the  northward,  leaving 
an  open  space  between  Uiat  coast,  nnd  a  distant  land  to  the  west- 
ward, which  appeared  like  an  island,  of  which  the  extremes  to  the 
north  and  south  were  distinctly  visible.  The  latter  was  a  remark- 
able headland,  and  was  named  Cape  Hotham.  They  discovered 
also  severd  headlands  on  the  eastern  Isind;  between  the  northem- 
moet  of  which  and  the  island  to  the  westward,  there  was  a  chan- 
nel of  more  thad  eight  leagoaa  in  width,  in  wluch  neither  land  nor 
ice  could  be  seen  from  tha  nait  head.  The  arrival  off  this  noble 
ahannel,  to  which  Qajplain  Parry  gave  the  name  of  Wellington, 
«M aa event ibrwl^  thoflM All  bMBonxioasly  lodting;  for 
th>  ygptiwiitf  »f  landtollwBaiMhaMd;  h«dahn9tifhMaa<aaii 


9t$  cAfTAur  fABar. 

of  OMitiaeM  to  th«in,  from  the  poHibilUj  that  it  might  take  a 
tarn  to  the  southward,  and  unite  with  the  coast  of  America. 
Every  one  thought  that  they  were  now  finally  diaentangled  from 
the  land,  which  forma  the  weatern  aide  of  Baffin's  Bay;  and  that 
in  fact  they  had  actually  entered  the  Polar  Sea.  Fully  impressed 
with  this  idea,  Captan  Parry  gave  to  this  opening  the  name  of 
Barrow's  Strait. 

Two  thirds  of  the  month  of  August  had  now  elapsed,  and  they 
expected  the  aea  would  remain  navigable  six  weeks  more.  The 
ahips  had  sufiered  no  injury,  they  had  a  plenty  of  provisions,  the 
crews  were  in  high  health  and  spirits,  and  the  sea  before  them, 
if  not  open,  was  at  least  navigable.  On  the  23d,  a  fresh  breeze 
tprung  up,  and  although  Wellington  channel  was  open  to  the  north*  - 
ward,  Captain  Parry  judged  it  best  to  try  a  large  opening  south  of 
Cornwallis's  Island.  But  their  disappointment  was  extreme,  when 
it  was  suddenlv  reported  from  the  crow's  nest,  that  their  passage 
was  obstructed  by  a  body  of  ice.  Lieutenant  Beechy  discovered, 
however,  that  one  part  of  the  barrier  consisted  of  loose  pieces  of 
iee,  and  the  Hecla  being  immediately  pushed  into  this  part  of  it, 
■ucceeded,  after  a  quarter  of  an  hour's  '  boring,'  in  forcing  her 
way  through  the  neck.  The  Griper  followed,  and  they  contmued 
their  course  to  the  westward,  having  once  more  a  navigable  sea 
before  them.  At  two  P.  M.  having  reached  longitude  95^  67  min., 
tbay  came  to  two  extensive  floes,  which  obHsed  the  ships  to  tack, 
as  there  was  no  passage  between  them,  l^ey  then  beat  to  the 
northward  in  search  of  a  passage,  but  none  was  found.  After 
aeveral  unsuccessful  attempts  to  force  a  passage,  they  at  last 
■ucceeded  by  'borina'  through  several  heavy  streams,  and  at 
midnight  were  enabled  to  pursue  their  course  to  the  westward. 

The  ships  made  very  little  way  this  night,  but  in  the  morning 
thity  advanced  with  more  speed,  and  mors  land  was  seen  to  .the 
westward  The  space  to  westward  was  now  so  broad,  that  Captain 
Party  thought  best  to  appoint  a  place  where  the  Griper  could 
find  the  Hecla  in  case  of  separation.  But  about  seven  P.  M., 
this  preeaution  waa  found  to  have  been  needless,  for  the  ioe 
■tretched  across  the  sfrait.  and  barred  the  passage.  Captaia 
Piirry  now  resolved  to  seek  a  passage  along  the  northern  ehore. 
Aathe  vessels  were  rounding  the  eastern  side  of  the  island,  Cap> 
tain  Sabine  waa  despatched  to  make  observations,  and  examine 
the  natural  productiona  of  ihe  ahore.  He  reported  that  he  had 
found  the  island  much  more  interestine  than  an^  other  parte  of 
khe  shores  of  the  Polar  Regions  they  nad  yet  visited.  The  re^ 
mains  of  Esquimaux  habitationa  were  found  in  four  different  places. 
Some  of  them  are  described  by  Captain  Sabine,  as  consistmg  of 
■tones  rudely  placed  in  an  elliptical  form.  They  were  from  seven 
to  ten  iWet  in  diameter,  the  flat  aid  i  of  the  stonea  standing  verti* 
eally,  and  the  whole  atrueture  bei  similar  to  that  of  the  aummer 
hols  oTtha  E<qt.rim«wir;  irhUk  luA  .jeav  lieh  the  piaeading  y«ar. 


i>ll>w  iriiiM'»'.i|i«l«HIWIIII»l"''i*l>lilliWiU»'ll  UlilWWIilHlMIUI', 


•■  I  ii  ^.WMMWmiMIMI  tHWBimmillil. 


CinAlIf  tiMMT. 


It  it  might  take  • 
soast  of  America, 
diientangled  from 
d's  Bay ;  and  that 
Fully  impreased 
ining  the  name  of 

elapsed,  and  thpy 

weeks  more.    The 

of  provisions,  the 

J  sea  before  them, 

23d,  a  fresh  breeze 

IS  open  to  the  norths ' 

jre  opening  south  of 

:  was  extreme,  when 

;,  that  their  passage 

Beechy  discovered, 

id  of  loose  pieces  of 

into  this  part  of  it, 

ing,'  in  forcing  her 

,  and  they  contmued 

ore  a  navisabie  sea 

msitude  96^  67  min., 

edthe  ships  to  tack, 

ley  then  beat  to  the 

B  was  found.    After 

assage,  they  at  last 

lavy  streams,  and  at 

le  to  the  westward. 

,  but  in  the  morning 

land  was  seen  to  .the 

so  broad,  that  Captain 

tre  the  Griper  could 

about  seven  P.  M., 

leediess,  for  the  ioe 

e  passage.    Captaia 

the  northern  shore. 

ie  of  the  island,  Cap> 

vations,  and  examine 

reported  that  he  had 

in  any  other  wtf  of 

|ret  visited.    The  re» 

n  four  different  places. 

bine,  as  oonsistmg  of 

They  were  firom  seven 

•tones  standing  verti- 

r  to  that  of  the  summer 

ilBtliepf*e«(Uiig7Mr. 


Attached  to  each  were  smaller  circles  of  about  four  or  llTe  tatft 
In  diameter,  and  from  the  moss  and  sand  which  covered  some  of 
the  lower  stones,  the  .whole  encampment  appeared  to  have  been 
deserted  for  several  years.  The  fogs  now  froze  hard  upon  the 
rigging)  which  made  it  difficult  to  work  the  ship  as  each  rope  was 
increased  to  twice  or  three  times  its  proper  diameter. 

On  the  evening  of  the  29th,  a  very  thick  fog  came  on,  and 
they  sailed  under  such  circumstances  as  have  seldom  occurred  ia 
navisation.  Observing  that  the  wind  always  blew  some  boura 
•teaaily  from  one  quarter,  the  quarter  masters  steered  by  the 
vane  at  the  mast  head,  instead  of  the  compass,  which  was  here  ut" 
terly  useless.  At  night  the  ships  made  fast  to  a  floe,  about  six  or 
seven  feet  thick,  which  was  covered  with  numerous  pools  of  water, 
all  hard  frozen.  The  officers  amused  themselves  in  skating  upon 
the  pools,  and  the  men  in  sliding,  foot-ball  and  other  games. 
Thus  the  ships  remained  until  the  31st,  when  a  new  expedient 
for  sailing  was  adopted. 

Before  tho  fog  commenced,  and  while  they  were  sailing  on  a 
course,  which  they  knew  to  be  the  right  one,  the  Griper  was 
exactly  astern  of  the  Hecia,  at  the  distance  of  about  a  quarter  of 
a  mile.  The  quarter  master  stood  aft,  near  the  tafiVail,  and  kept 
her  constantly  astern,  by  which  means  they  were  enabled  to  steer 
a  tolerably  straight  course  to  the  westward.  The  Griper,  on  the 
other  hand,  kept  the  Hecla  right  ahead,  and  thus  they  steered 
one  ship  by  the  other,  fbr  the  distance  of  ten  miles  out  of  sixteen 
and  a  half,  which  they  traversed  between  one  and  eleven  P.  M. 
Tiie  morning  of  the  first  of  September  brought  a  breeze,  and  with 
it  41  snow  storm,  so  that  they  were  unable  to  shape  their  course 
that  afternoon.  At  one  on  the  3d,  a  star  was  seen,  the  first  that 
had  been  vis>b<e  for  more  than  two  months.  The  fog  came  on 
aj[ain,  and  there  was  not  wind  enough  to  enable  them  to  keep  the 
ships  under  command.  On  the  morning  of  the  third,  a  northera 
breeze  enabled  them  to  make  considerable  progress,  and  on  the 
4th,  at  nine  P.  M.,  they  crossed  the  meridian  of  110°  west  firom 
Greenwich,  in  latitude  74".  44  min.  90  sec,  by  which  the  ship's 
compan;y  became  entitled  to  a  reward  of  6000  pounds,  offered  by 
the  king's  order  in  council  "to  such  British  subjects  as  might 
penetrate  so  far  west  within  the  Arctic  circle."  On  the  6th,  thej 
found  the  passage  blocked  up  agam,  and  as  no  change  seemed 
like^  to  take  place,  they  came  to  anchor  in  a  tolerable  roadstead, 
a  mfle  and  a  half  from  the  northern  shore.  In  the  evening.  Cap- 
tain Sabine  and  some  of  the  other  officers  landed  oh  an  island,  to 
wnieh  they  gave  the  name  of  Melville  island.  Here  they  saw 
several  flocks  of  ducks  and  gulls;  tracks  of  the  deer  and  musk  ox 
were  also  observed,  and  some  addition  maide  by  the  gentlemen  to 
their  collection  of  marine  insects.  The  bav  of  the  Hecla  and 
Griper,  as  they  cidled  the  roadstead,  where  the  ships  lay,  was  the 
flnl  place  jn  which  they  had  dropped  eaeher  since  leaving  Eag- 


that  Ae  ey6^m»««f  XnJoa  <Se  ice  i^as  obwrvid  to  be  ift 
pitable  region.    ^}^^ ^''J^^\^A  iaUed  a  -hort  distance. 
Uion;  and  the  Aip  80t  ""der  way  «a  i^^  ^^  ^  ^      ^^Ich  it 
ffut  ending  no  opening,  the  *»?•  ""'J  ^^^j^^^  being  too  dark  to 
wMnece.««ry  to  ^l^'^^f'^'^nTarrr.  fearing  that  the 
allow  them  to  keep  under  J**f,;„^Xt '-mined  to  remove  nearer 
floe,  might  Chan..  A^^VJ^X  5-ott?r«d  the  vessel,  were 
th0  shore.    Twolarge  '««5^';2-'*     p^^tie.  went  out  and  reS- 
.ecured  between  them  and  Uw  ««'*•    ^ian..  a  lew  .now-bun- 
tHfned  with  a  whUe  ^•'•.•^"•JjJ^S'^aw'. horns;  butthef 
tii«..  .kulls  of  the  »«*  "''sJji'SX  two  latter  animals.    Ser- 
w(?e  unable  to  meet  with  f »*•[?[?*  *^  were  lound  to  buW 

able  to  approach.  :-*«ftv«able.  and  the  '  vuung  ice* 

the  packed  ice  '^«^±^'*i^''Zw\AeteA  imp/actfcable 
rapidly  forming^  ^V2"p£',JCght"  biS  to  run  bU  to  the 
that  season.  Captain  Farry  J"**"*"  ^  ^j  jg,  there.  The  sig- 
.  hS  of  Hecla  and  Griper  •'^  »f  P"!. X  sS;  bit  the  cables  h?d 
nJ  for  weighing  ?rJVSa*  tS-S'Jp  ^  before  ihe  anchog 
become  so  stiff  with  fr«f*'2f5hlT?id  not  teach  the  anchorage  tlj 
were  brought  on  board;  Mid  they  *«  no.  ^^^^^  ^^ 

the  evening  cf  the  ^^.^^Ig^f^tXlS  of  ice  iu  the  eventajT 
.iipi  dropped  anchor  on  the  ejl*  «  we  «JJ^      ^  ^^^^^„^  ^  ^f 

S5e24a;  •tt<\,«>^?•°•*%JkJ^o^a  little  mor^^  the^ 
nil.  Two  pardlel »»»~  ^^J *^'i unia,  aout  wa. then  ma& 
breadth  of  tb.  '^^V* ]^V^lJ^^^S^t^i\^»  with  them.  A 
with  an  ice  .aw,  •»*  .«»J^^J<St  iK  piece,  thu.  cut,  wew 
interval,  of  firom  ten  »?.  r^^^ijjfto  lite  room  for  their  beteg 
afftlik  divided  diagonally,  ^l^S*^*' *°  ?  who  are  fond  of  doing 
Bated  out  of  the  canaU  The  JJJJJv J"*^  ^  fre.h  northerlj 
thiiiti  ift  their  own  ^^y^Sj.S'.'JJ'S,  jiiece.  of  ice,  a  con- 
hr^2xe  bv  Mtting  wme  boai  ■  .aiw  w  *"»  r 
;?vi«cVihich^^edbothtin^^^^^^  .nofor.  atfd  began  to 

At  half  pa.t  .even  P.  M.,  thev  J*'*"'"  ^  ^   '^^  t^e  ueopto 


^h;  thafliirtldHi' 
larren  and  inhos- 
Ibterrid  to  be  id 
a  abort  distance, 
a  floe,  which  it 
leing  too  darlc  to 
fearing  that  the 
to  remove  nearer 
the  vessels  were 
went  out  and  r^ 
a  few  mow-bun- 
's horns;  but  they 
ter  animals.    $er- 
'ere  found  to  bunl' 
witnout  splitting^ 
H.,  on  the  10th, 
leciawas  secured' 

all  they  could  do 

lips.    On  the  1  Itb, 

thef  had  yet  beeb 


'yuune  ice^ 
itfei 


id  the    , 

iered  inlp/actFcable 
|to  run  back  to  the 
ier  there.  Hie  sig- 
\,  but  the  cables  had 
[.  before  the  anchors 
:h  the  anchoraffB  till 
ee  being  found,  the 
if  ice  iu  the  evening 
lenced  cutting  ac«- 

little  more  than  the 
a  cut  was  then  miufe' 
ttgleii  with  them,  at 
ieces  thus  cut,  were 
oom  for  their  being 
o  aire  fond  of  doing 
>f  a  iVesh  northerljr 
l^ieces  of  ice,  a  con- 

niohori  urd  began  to 
■esh,  arid  the  people 
before  they  reached 
II  bands  were  again 
itt  it  was  proposed  ttf 
of  Hbatkig  them  ot^; 
iMd'dtftkref^drwtiif 


■■MM 


cAttAik  nJdnf 


3f» 


pifbe  <^iev,  Wirieb  it  was  intended  to  sink,  wWI»  others  havlli||fk 
upAn  rbpvB  attached  to  the  opposite  end,  divgged  tlM^  blotk  undilf^ 
that  part  of  tke  floe,  on  which  the  people  stood.    The  oflieew^ 
took  the  lead  in  this  employ,  and  were  frequently  up  to  their  kneil^ 
in  water  during  the  day,  with  the  thermometer  generally  atlC^' 
and  never  higher  than  16°.     At  six  P.  M.  the  Griper  was  m»it- ' 
fast  astern  of  the  Hecla,  and  the  two  ships'  companies^  beili(| 
divided  on  each  bank  of  the  canal,  soon  drew  the  ships  to  the  e^ 
of  their  second  day's  work.     The  next  day  at  noon,  the  wh<riw- 
canal  was  completed  a  length  of  four  thousand  and  eigh^-tiM» 
ycrdi  through  ice  seven  inches  thick.    The  wintering  greudt" 
wn-ealled  winter  harbor,  and  the  group,  of  which  the  island  fonli^ 
ed^  a  part,  was  denominated  Georgian  Islands,  in  honor  of  tliW 
reigning  soveriegn  of  Great  Britain. 

Raving  reached  the  place,  where  they  were  probably  topass  liiae 
months,  and  three  of  them  in  the  absence  of  the  sun,  Gaptitt^ 
Fkrry  was  called  upon  to  act  in  circumstances,  in  which  no  BHtiah' 
naval  officer  had  ever  before  been  placed.  The  security  of  tinr 
ships,  the  preservation  of  the  stores,  a  regular  system  for  tk# 
maintenance  of  good  order,  cleanliness,  and  consequently  good 
health ;  amusement  and  employment  for  the  men  were  all  to  be* 
attended  to.  Scientific  observations  were  also  to  be  made,  and 
Captain  Sabine  employed  himself  immediately  in  selecting  a  place 
for  an  observatory,  which  was  erected  in  a  convenient  spot,  about' 
seven  hundred  yards  to  the  westward  of  the  ships.  The  whole  of 
the  masts  were  dismantled,  except  the  lower  ones  and  the  HeolttV 
main-top-mast ;  the  lower  yards  were  lashed  fore  and  ad  amid- 
ships, to  support  the  plonks  of  the  housing  intended  to  be  ereetod 
over  the  ships;  and  the  whole  of  this  frame  work  was  afterwudP 
roofed  over  with  a  cloth.  This  done,  Captain  Parry's  whole  M* 
tention  was  directed  to  the  health  and  comfort  of  the  officers  aad 
mirn.  The  surgeon  reported  that  not  the  slightest  disposition  fit 
scurvy  had  shown  itself^  in  either  ship.  In  order  to  preserve  tite 
heilthy  state  of  the  crew,  arrangements  were  made  for  the  warmHl 
and  dlyness  of  the  berths  and  bedplaces;  and  finding  that  whon 
tbr  temperature  had  fallen  considerably  below  zero,  the  steMI 
from  the  coppers  began  to  condense  into  drops  on  the  beams  attd 
the  sides,  t  'ley  were  obliged  to  adopt  such  means  fbr  producing 
a  lufficient  warmth,  combined  with  due  ventilation,  a&might  carrj 
off  the  vapor  and  thus  prevent  its  settling  on  any  part  of  the  ship. 
For  this  purpose,  a  large  stone  oven,  cased  with  cast  iron,  m 
which  all  their  bread  was  baked  in  the  whiter,  was  olaced  on  Ura 
nHtin-hitch-way,  and  the  stove  pipe  led  fore  and  afl  on  one  eida 
of  the  Ibwer  deck,  the  smoke  being  thus  carried  up  the  fbre  batdt- 
yfitj.  Ob  the  opposite  side  of  the  deck,  an  apparatna  had  been 
aftntdlfd  to  the  galley-range  fbr  conveying  a  currant  of  heete# 
aft*'  between  deeki.  For  tSe  preeeiratiett  of  hedth,  a  fbw  altm^ 
tMMe  wem  on^  in  the  qMMity  and*  fOdtty  of  the  piuitiil»W» 


eATTAIir  rAMIT. 


The  allowance  of  broad  was  reduced  to  two4hirda.  A 
pound  of  preaervcd  meat,  together  with  s  pint  of  vegetable  or 
concentrated  soup  per  man,  was  substituted  for  one  j^und  of  salt 
beef  weekly ;  and  a  small  quantity  of  sour  krout  and  pickles, 
with  as  ,much  vinegar  as  could  be  used,  was  issued  at  regular  in- 
tervals. They  were  obliged  to  institute  the  most  rigid  economy, 
with  regard  to  their  coals,  as  they  were  unable  to  ^d  an^  on  the 
island,  excepting  a  few  lumps;  and  the  moss  which  grew  in  abua« 
dauce  was  t'nund  totally  untit  for  the  purposes  of  fuel. 

Great  attention  was  paid  to  the  clothing  of  the  men,  and  ope 
da/  in  the  week  was  appointed  for  the  exumiuation  of  the  men's 
■bins  and  gums  by  the  medical  gentlemen,  in  order  that  any  slight 
appearance  of  the  scurvy  mi'ght  be  at  once  detected  and  checked 
by  timely  and  adequate  means. 

Under  circumstances  of  leisure  and  inactivity,  such  as  thej 
were  now  placed  in,  and  with  every  prospect  of  its  continuance, 
Captain  Parry  was  desirous  of  finding  some  amusement  for  the 
men  during  this  long  and  tedious  interval.  He  proposed,  there- 
fore, to  get  up  a  play  occasionally  on  board  the  Htcla;  and  hie 
proposal  being  readily  seconded  by  the  officers,  Lieutenant 
Beechy  having  been  chosen  manager,  the  performance  was  tixed 
for  the  dth  of  N<ivem'.)er,  to  the  great  delight  of  the  ships'  com- 
panies. In  order  still  further  to  promote  good  hunior,  and  to  af- 
ford amusing  occupation  during  the  hours  of  constant  darkness, 
they  set  on  foot  a  weekly  newspaper,  which  was  to  be  called  the 
North  Georgia  Gazette  and  Winter  Chronicle,  and  of  which  Cap- 
tain Sabine  undertook  to  be  the  editor,  under  the  promise  of  being 
eupported  by  original  contributions  from  the  officers  of  the  two 
ships.  The  meridian  altitude  of  the  sun  was  observed,  for  the 
last  time,  on  the  16th  of  October. 

On  the  26th  the  light  was  'sufficient  to  allow  of  rending  and 
writing  in  tiie  cabins,  from  half  past  nine  till  half  past  two.  The 
rest  of  the  hours  were  spent  by  lamp  light.  It  now  became 
rather  a  painful  experiment  to  touch  any  metallic  substance  in  the 
open  air,  with  the  naked  hand;  the  feeling  produced  by  it  exactly 
resembling  that  occasioned  by  the  opposite  extreme  of  intemie 
heat;  and  taking  off  the  skin  from  the  part  affected.  They  found 
it  necessary,  therefore,  to  use  great  caution  in  handling  the  'sex- 
tants and  other  instruments;  particularly  the  eye-pieces  of  the 
telescopes,  which,  if  suffered  to  touch  the  face,  occasioned  an 
intense  burning  pain;  but  this  was  easily  remedied  by  covering 
them  over  with  soft  leather.  The  month  of  November  set  in  with 
miid  weather.  The  4th  was  the  last  day  that  the  sun,  independ- 
ently of  refraction,  would  be  seen  above  the  horizon  for  ninety-six 
days;  but  the  weather  was  too  thick  for  making  any  observations. 
On  the  5th,  their  theatre  was  opened,  with  the  representation  of 
Miss  in  her  teens;  which  afforded  the  men  «  ^reat  fUnd  of 
"     Even  fitting  up  the  theatre  and  taking  it  to  piMM 


'':■'■  t^-fS'' 


to  two^htrds.  A 
of  vegetable  or 
one  npund  of  ealt 
Irout  and  picklea, 
[ued  at  regular  ia- 
Mt  rigid  ecoDomy, 
to  find  anpr  on  the 
|hich  grew  in  abun- 
>f  fuel. 

)  men,  and  one 
latton  of  the  men's 
irder  that  any  slight 
teutedand  checCed 

ivit;^,  such  as  thej 

of  its  continuance, 

amusement  for  the 

le  proposed,  there- 

the  Htcia;  and  his 

officers,    Lieutenant 

rfurmaiice  was  tixed 

t  of  the  ships'  com- 

od  humor,  and  to  ai^ 

f  cunstnnt  darkness, 

was  to  be  called  the 

e,  and  of  which  Cap- 

r  the  promine  of  being 

le  officers  of  the  two 

ras  observed,  for  the 

allow  of  reading  and 
il  half  past  two.  The 
rht.  It  now  became 
tallic  substance  in  the 
produced  by  it  exactly 
le  extreme  of  inteqso 
affected.  They  found 
I  in  handling  the  'sex* 
the  eye-pieces  of  the 

face,  occasioned  an 
remedied  by  coverins 

November  set  in  with 
lat  the  sun,  independ- 
i  horizon  for  ninety-six 
king  any  observations. 
I  the  representation  of 
men  a  great  Aud  of 
uki  taking  it  to  piMM 


OAfTAIir  rAUT.  19 

■gain,  WH  a  matter  of  no  small  importance;  •■  it  kept  the  imb 
employed  a  day  or  two  before  and  after  each  performance,  which 
was  a  considerable  object  gained. 

On  the  11  th,  the  thermometer  fell  to  26^  for  the  second  time. 
The  wolves  began  to  approach  the  ships  boldly,  howling  most 
piteously  on  the  beach  near,  and  sometimes  coming  along  side 
the  ships,  when  every  thing  was  quiet  at  night;  but  they  seldom 
saw  more  than  one  or  two  together,  and  therefore  could  form  no 
idea  of  their  number.  The  white  foxes  used  also  to  visit  the 
ships  at  nieht,  and  one  of  these  was  caught  in  a  trap,  set  under 
the  Griper  s  bows. 

The  stars  of  the  second  magnitude  in  Ursa  Major  were  pereep* 
ttble  to  the  naked  eye,  a  little  after  noon  on  the  11th  of  Decem- 
ber, and  the  Aurora  Borealis  appeared  faintly  in  the  southwest 
at  night.  The  cold  continued  to  increase.  About  the  middle  of 
the  month,  a  serious  loss  took  place  in  the  bursting  of  the  bottlea 
of  lemon  juice;  in  some  boxes  of  which,  two  thirds  of  the  contents 
were  found  to  be  destroyed.  The  vinegar  also  froze  in  the  same 
manner,  and  lost  much  of  its  acidity,  when  thawed.  A  few  gal- 
lons of  highly  concentrated  vinegar,  congealed  into  a  consistence 
like  honey. 

Theatrical  entertainments  took  place  regularly  once  a  fortnight, 
and  continued  to  prove  a  source  of  infinite  amusement  to  the 
men;  and  more  than  one  or  two  plays  were  performed,  with  tho 
thermometer  below  zero,  on  the  stage  on  board  the  Hecla. 

The  J^orth  Georgia  Qaxette,  which  we  have  already  mentioned, 
was  a  source  of  great  amusement,  not  only  to  the  contributors, 
but  to  those  who,  from  diffidence  of  their  own  talents,  or  other 
reasons,  could  not  be  prevailed  on  to  add  their  mite  to  the  little 
stock  of  literary  composition,  which  was  weekly  demanded;  for 
those  who  declined  to  write  were  not  unwilling  to  read,  and  more 
ready  to  criticise  than  those  who  wielded  the  pen;  but  it  was 
that  good-humored  sort  of  criticism  that  could  not  give  offence. 

On  Christmas  day  the  weather  was  raw  and  cold,  with  a  con- 
siderable snow  drift,  although  the  wind  was  only  moderate  from 
northwest.  Divine  service  was  performed  on  board.  Tlie  men's 
usual  proportion  of  fresh  meat  was  increased,  as  also  their  allow- 
ance uf  srog,  and  the  day  passed  with  much  of  the  same  kind  of 
festivity  by  which  it  is  usually  distinguished  at  home. 

On  the  first  of  January  scurvy  made  its  appearance  among 
them.  Mr.  Scallon,  gunner  of  the  Hecla,  had  complained  for 
some  days,  and  the  symptoms  were  now  decidedly  scorbutic.  It 
was  found  to  be  owiug  to  the  dampness  of  his  bedding,  and  proper 
measures  were  taken  to  prevent  an  increase  of  the  malady.  By 
raising  mustard  and  cress  in  small  boxes  near  the  cabin  stove, 
they  were  able  to  give  Mr.  Scallon  and  one  or  two  more  patients 
nearly  an  ounc'3  of  sailed  per  day.  The  vegetables  thus  raised 
were  necessarily  colorless  from  the  privation  of  light;  but  they 


dlifi&Ol  l^aUf. 


YaU  tbiB  lilaiB  tulti  v  if  rdMd  iii  ofrdidarr  ciretmitifneiM.  §tt 
•flbetual  w«re  they  in  th«  oaMT  df  Mr.  Setlion,  that  he  reeoTsretf 
in  less  than  a  fortniifht. 

Toward  the  end  of  the  month  they  beg^an  to  look  out  ibr  the 
son  from  the  mast  head.  On  the  Morning  of  the  third  of  Febru- 
ary, the  weather  being  clear,  a  cross,  consisting  of  the  usual 
▼ertical  and  horizontal  rays,  was  seen  aboui  the  moon.  At  twenty 
minutes  before  noon,  the  sun  was  seen  from  the  Hecla's  maintop, 
at  the  height  of  fifty-one  feet  above  the  sea,  being  the  first  tiniu 
it  had  been  seen  for  eighty-four  days,  twelve  days  less  than  iti 
actual  stay  below  the  horizon.  There  was  now,  from  eight 
o'clock  till  four,  sufBcient  light  for  any  kind  of  work,  and  ou  the 
seventh  they  began  to  collect  ballast  for  the  Hecla,  to  make  up 
for  the  expenditure  of  stores. 

The  coldest  part  of  theyear  was  now  approaching;  yet  the  sun 
had  sufficient  power  to  affect  the  thermometer,  which  rose  from — 
•iC'  ..1  '^5"  when  exposed  to  its  rays.  The  distance  at  which 
sonnda  were  nearu  ».  *he  open  air  during  the  continuance  of  this 
intense  cold  was  truly  surpruing.  Conversation  carried  on  a  mile 
off  could  be  distinctly  heard.  The  smoke  from  the  ships,  too, 
owing  to  the  difficulty  it  has  to  rise  in  a  low  temperature,  wa:i 
carried  horizontally  to  a  great  distance.  On  the  Idth,  the  mer- 
cury sunk  to  65"  below  zero,  which  waa  the  most  intense  degree 
of  cold  observeu  Junng  the  winter.  Mureury  was  malleable  in 
this  state  of  the  atmospneio  ^ 

From  this  time  the  temperature  gradually  rose.  The  length 
of  the  days  had  so  much  increued  by  the  36th  of  February,  that 
a  very  sensible  twilight  was  visible  in  the  north. 

For  the  Inst  three  or  four  days  of  April,  the  snow  on  the  black 
cloth  of  the  housing  had  begun  to  thaw  a  Ittlle  during  a  few 
hours  in  the  raitldle  of  the  day,  and  on  the  30th  so  rapid  a  change 
took  place  in  the  temperature  of  the  atmosphere,  that  the  ther- 
mometer stood  at  the  freezing,  or,  as  it  may  more  properly  be 
termed  in  this  climate,  the  thawing  point,  being  the  first  time  that 
such  an  event  had  occurred  for  nearly  eight  months,  or  since  the 
9th  of  the  preceding  September. 

This  rapid  change  in  the  weather  revived  their  hopes  of  a 
speedy  departure  from  Melville  Island;  and  they  all  had  sanguine 
expectations  of  leaving  their  winter  quarters  before  July.  On 
the  lstt>f  May,  however  it  blew  a  gale,  and  the  sun  was  seen  at 
midnight  for  the  first  time  that  season.  On  th«  6th,  the  people 
began  the  operation  of  cutting  the  ahipa  out  of  the  harbor;  and 
on  the  17th,  the  ships  were  once  more  afloat.  On  the  21st,  some 
of  the  officers  took  a  walk  inland,  and  were  able  to  fill  a  pint  bot- 
tle with  water  (Vom  a  pool  of  melted  snow,  which  was  the  firot 
thev  had  seen;  a  proof  of  the  extreme  severity  of  the  clinuAe. 

A  perceptible  cltange  hod  now.  taken  place  in  the  ice.  Iflte 
upper  surnce  was  covered  with  imramerable  pods  of  broel^ 


mm 


hhiiiih 


IctnMtitetfM.  flv 
[hat  he  reeoTeratf 

(look  out  (br  the 
le  third  of  Febru- 

ting  of  the  usual 

noon.  At  twenty 
J  Hecla's  maintop, 
\iag  the  first  time 
Jays  less  than  it^ 
mow,   from  eight 

work,  and  ou  the 
fecla,  to  make  up 

ehina ;  yet  the  sun 

hicn  rose  from — 

distance  at  which 

lontinuance  of  this 

|n  carried  on  a  mile 

>ro  the  ships,  too, 

temperature,   was 

he  16th,  the  mer- 

ost  intense  degree 

rwas  malleable  in 

[rose.  The  length 
1  of  February,  thnl 
I. 

I  snow  on  the  black 
fittte  during  a  few 
h  so  rapid  a  change 
ere,  that  the  ther- 
more  properly  be 
f  the  first  time  that 
lOnths,  or  since  the 

1  their  hopes  of  a 
By  all  had  sanguine 

before  July.  On 
le  sun  was  seen  at 
h«  6th,  the  people 
f  the  harbor;  and 

On  the  21st,  some 
le  to  fill  a  pint  hot- 
hich  was  the  fint 
|r  of  the  climate, 

in  the  ioe.    Iftie 

pofrfs  of  braielSih 


MUM 


trater,  ao  that  the  liberation  of  the  sea  might  be  dailjr  exBeet«d. 
Being  desirous  of  obtaining  as  much  game  as  possible  during  ttw 
remainder  of  the  time  that  must  6e  passed  in  Winter  Harbor, 
Captain  Parry  sent  out  hunting  parties  to  remain  ten  or  twtln 
miles  inland,  with  orders  to  send  whatever  game  they  might  pro- 
cure, tn  the  ships,  and  also  to  observe  the  ice  firom  the  hill  tope, 
and  report  any  change  that  might  take  place. 

ThMissolution  of  the  ice  continued  daily,  and  on  the  32d,  it 
was  observed  to  be  in  motion  in  the  ofling;  setting  to  the  east< 
ward  at  the  rate  of  a  mile  an  hour.  The  dissolution  of  the  ice 
of  the  harbor  went  on  so  rapidly,  in  the  early  part  of  July,  that 
they  were  greatly  surprised,  on  the  6th,  in  finding  that  in  several 
of  the  pools  of  water,  on  its  upper  surface,  holes  were  washed 
quite  through  to  the  sea  bcneatn. 

On  the  rooming  of  the  26th,  there  being  a  space  of  clear  water 
for  three  quarters  of  a  mile  to  the  southward,  they  took  advantage 
of  a  northern  breeze  to  run  as  far  as  the  opening  would  permit, 
and  then  dropped  anchor  at  the  edge  of  the  ice,  intending  to 
advance  step  by  step  as  it  separated.  The  ice  across  the  entrance 
of  the  harbor  in  this  spot,  as  well  as  that  in  the  offing,  appeared 
from  the  crow's  nest  quite  continuous  and  unbroken,  with  the 
same  appearance  of  solidity  as  at  midwinter. 

On  tne  SCth,  the  whole  body  of  the  ice  was  in  motion  toward 
the  southeast,  breaking  away,  for  the  first  time,  from  the  poinCp 
at  the  entrance  of  the  harbor. '  This  rendering  it  probable  that  th^ 
sbijA  would  soon  be  released.  Captain  Parry  furnished  Lieutenant 
tiodon  with  instructions  for  his  guidance  during  the  coming  sea- 
son of  operations,  and  appointed  places  of  rendezvous  in  case  of 
separation. 

On  the  first  of  August,  the  harbqr  was  clear  of  ice,  and  thera 
appeared  to  be  water  in  the  direction  of  their  intended  courM'. 
At  one  P.  M.,  ev%ry  thing  having  been  brought  on  board,  tbeV 
anchor  and  ran  out  of  Winter  Harbor,  in  which  tliitV 


weighed 

hadpassed  ten  entire  months  of  the  year,  and  a  part  of  th« 

remaining  ones,  September  and  August, 

After  a  few  tacks,  they  had  the  mortification  to  perceive  th^ 
the  Griper  sailed  much  worse  than  before,  though  great  pains  had 
been  taken  during  her  re-equipment  to  improve  her  qualitiea. 
By  midnight  the  Hecla  had  gained  eight  miles  to  windward  of 
her,  and  was  obliged  to  heave  to,  to  avoid  parting  company. 

A  southerly  wind  springing  up  the  next  day,  made  it  probabl* 
that  the  ice  would  close  in  upon  the  ships,  ami  they  therefore 
began  to  look  out  for  a  situation  where  they  might  be  secured  in- 
shore, behind  some  of  the  heavy  grounded  ice.  At  one  o'clock 
th«v  perceived  that  a  heavy  floe  had  already  closed  completely  Iq 
with  the  land  at^  a  point  a  little  to  the  westward  of  them.  A 
Br  place  havbg  neen  fojind  for  their  purpose,  the  ships  w«t;<l 
itad  m  and  secured,  the  Griper's  bow  resting  on  the  beiaohi  in 


-.-.^•wKfjr!?-" 


■^^ 


OATTAlir  FABSf . 


* 


erde^to  allow  the  Heela  to  lie  ia  teeurity  without  her.  Thh 
place  was  to  completely  sheltered  from  the  accesaion  of  the  maia 
ice,  that  Captain  Pnrry  began  to  think  of  taking  the  Griper'a 
crew  on  board  the  Hecla,  and  pursuing  the  voyage  in  that  ship 
alone. 

Every  moment's  delay  confirmed  Captain  Parry  in  the  opinion 
that  it  was  expedient  to  attempt  to  penetrate  to  the  southward,  as 
■uon  as  the  ice  would  allow  the  ships  to  move'at  all,  rather  than 
persevere  in  pushing  directly  westward.  He  therefore  o^ered 
Lieutenant  Liddon  to  run  back  a  certain  distance  eastward  aa 
soon  as  he  could,  without  waiting  for  the  Hecla,  should  that 
•hip  still  be  detained,  and  to  look  out  for  any  opening  to  the 
southward,  which  might  seem  favorable  to  the  object  ia  view,  and 
then  wait  for  the  Hecla. 

On  the  15th,  Lieutenant  Liddon  was  enabled  to  aail,  in  the 
execution  of  his  orders.  Captain  Parry,  however,  observing  that 
the  Griper  made  little  or  no  way,  hoisted  the  signal  of  recall, 
with  the  intention  of  making  one  more  attempt  to  penetrate  west- 
ward. The  ice  had  so  far  separated  as  to  allow  him  to  sail  a  mile 
and  a  half  along  shore,  when  he  was  again  stopped.  He  was 
fortunate  iu  finding  a  tolerably  secure  situation  for  the  Hecla 
within  the  grounded  ice;  but  the  Griper  was  left  by  the  wind  in  a 

Clace  where,  should  the  ice  press  upon  her,  there  could  be  no 
ope  of  safety.  For  fenr  ot  the  worst,  Captair  Parry  made 
preparations  to  send  parties  to  assist  the  Griper's  company,  if  the 
wreck  should  become  unavoidable;  but  they  were  shortly  a[ter 
relieved  from  all  anxiety  on  this  account,  by  the  recession  of  the 
ico  from  the  shore,  whereby  the  Griper  was  enabled  to  gain  a  stai* 
tion  near  the  Hecla. 

The  ice  to  the  west  and  southwest,  as  seen  from  their  present 
station,  save  them  no  reason  to  expect  a  speedy  opening  in  the 
desired  direction.  It  apjg^red  as  solid  and  coiripact  as  so  much 
land;  to  which  the  inequalities  of  the  surface  gave  it  no  small 
resemblance.  Captain  Parry,  therefore,  determined  to  defer  the 
attempt  to  try  a  more  southern  latitude  no  longer. 

The  point  at  which  the  ships  were  now  lying,  and  which  is  the 
westernmost  to  which  Arctic  navigation  has  ever  been  carried,  is 
in  latitude  74"  36  min.  25  sec,  and  longitude  113"  64  min.  43 
sec.  Cape  Dundas  seen  yet  farther  west,  is  in  longitude  1 13° 
67  min.  '*'»  sec,  -by  which  the  length  of  Melville  island  appears 
to  be  abnu  an  hundred  and  thirty-five  miles,  and  its  breadth,  at 
the  meridian  of  Winter  Harbor,  from  forty  to  fifty  miles. 

At  nine  P.  M.,  they  were  abreast  of  the  place'  where  they  had 
landed  on  the  5th,  and  here  perceived  that  the  ice  closed  with  the 
land  a  little  to  the  eastward.  I'here  was  no  safety  fur  the  ships, 
unless  they  could  get  past  one  of  the  small  points  at  the  embou- 
chure of  a  ravine,  against  which  a  floe  was  setting  the  sntaUer 
piecM  of  ice,  and  hu  blocked  up  the  paaNge  before  the/  wfiV" 


khout  h«r.    Thh 

tsion  of  the  main 

J  tKe  Griper's 

^Hge  in  that  ship 

[ry  in  the  opinion 
]lhe  southward,  at 
II,  rather  than 
therefore  olKiered 
ince  eastward  as 
[ecla,  should  that 
Jiy  opening  to  the 
tbject  in  view,  and 

ed  to  sail,  in  the 
rar,  observing  that 

I  signal  of  recall, 

to  penetrate  west- 
V  him  to  sail  a  mile 
stopped.  He  was 
ton  for  the  Hecla 
ell  by  the  wind  in  a 

there  could  be  no 
iptair  Parry  made 
er's  company,  if  the 
were  shortly  after 
the  recession  of  the 
nabled  to  gain  a  star 

I)  from  their  present 
iedy  opening  in  tho 
otrtpact  as  so  much 
ce  K&ve  it  no  small 
srmined  to  defer  the 
iger. 

ig,  and  which  is  the 
iver  been  carried,  is 
de  1130  64min.  43 
s  in  longitude  113" 
ville  island  appears 

and  its  breadth,  at 
>  fifty  miles. 
lace'  where  they  bad 
e  ice  closed  with  the 
safety  for  the  ships, 
olnts  at  the  orobou- 

setting  tho  smaller 
;e  before  thejr  nriif^ 


OAtTAIir  riB»T.     '  iW 

•d.  After  henvnif  two  hours  at  the  halsers,  thej  saeeeeAsd  in 
getting  through,  and  moored  the  ships  to  some  very  heavy  ground<* 
ed  ice  near  the  beach.  Hares  were  observed  bene,  feeding  on 
the  sides  of  the  cliflTs,  and  a  few  ptarmigans  were  seen.  The 
place  where  the  Hecla  was  now  secured,  being  the  only  one  of 
the  kind  which  could  be  found,  was  a  little  harbor,  formed,  as 
usual,  Sy  the  grounded  ice,  some  of  which  was  fixed  to  the  bot- 
tom i|^  ten  or  twelve  fathoms.  One  side  of  the  entrance  to  this 
harbor  coiMis(ed  of  masses  of  floes,  very  regular  in  their  shape, 
placed  quite  horizontally,  and  broken  off  so  exactly  perpendicular, 
as  to  resertible  a  handsome,  well-built  wharf.  On  the  opposite 
side,  however,  the  masses  to  which  they  looked  for  security  were 
themselves  rathtfr  terrific  objects,  as  they  leaned  over  so  much 
towards  the  ship,  as  to  give  the  appearance  of  their  being  in  the 
act  of  falling  upon  her  deck;  and  as  a  very  triflin||  concussion 
often  produces  the  fall  of  much  heavier  masses  of  ice,  when  in 
appearance  very  firmly  fixed  to  the  ground,  Ca|*<ain  Parry  gave 
orders  that  no  guns  should  be  fired  near  the  ship  duiing  her  con- 
tinuance in  this  situation.  The  Griper  was  of  necessity  made 
flttt  near  the  beach,  in  rather  an  exposed  situation,  and  her  rud- 
der unshipped,  in  readiness  for  the  ice  coming  in;  it  remained 
quiet,  however,  though  quite  close,  during  the  day,  the  weather 
being  calm  and  fine. 

In  the  evening  of  the  18th,  some  heavy  pieces  of  sronnded 
ice  to  which  the  now  halser  of  the  Hecla  was  fastened,  fell  off  into 
the  water,  snappina  the  rope  without  injuring  the  ship.  Never- 
theless, as  every  uteration  of  this  kind  must  materially  change 
the  centre  of  sravity  of  the  whole  mass,  it  was  thought  prudent 
to  move  the  Hecla  out  of  her  harbor  to  the  place  where  the  Gri- 
per was  lying,  lest  some  of  the  bergs  should  fall  upon  her  deck 
and  crush  or  sink  her. 

On  the  30th  and  SIst,  the  young  ice^nned  to  such  a  degree, 
u  to  cement  together  all  the  loose  ice  about  the  ships;  nor  did  it 
thaw  on  either  of  those  days,  though  the  sun  shone  clearly  upon 
it  for  several  hours.  The  main  boidv  remained  close  and  firm  in 
evenr  direction.  The  same  state  of  things  obtained  on  the  93d, 
and  in  the  morning  of  the  33d,  the  young  ice  was  an  inch  and  a 
half  thick.  A  breeze  springing  up  from  the  westward  put  it  in 
motion,  so  that  by  noon  the  ships  were  able  to  waiit  out  and 

Jrooced  eastward.  In  a  short  time,  however,  the  ice  closed  So 
rmlv  around  them  that  they  became  wholly  unmanageable,  and 
received  many  blows,  more  severe  than  any  they  had  experienced 
before.  After  having  drifted  with  the  ice  six  miles,  they  were 
made  fast  to  some  grounded  ice 

The  situation  in  which  the  ships  were  now  placed,  and  the 
ibeitoess  of  the  remaining  part  of  the  navigable  season,  caused 
«reat  «Biietjr.  Judging  from  the  experience  of  1819,  it  was  rea« 
iliiahlfi  to  conclude  that  about  the  7th  of  September,  was  the 

34 


wwhwiini     I.I  -,.■> 


SM 


OAPTAIir  TAUn. 


Unit  b<;yood  which  th«  ships  could  not  keep  the  sea  with  aoy  de- 
gree o(  sAfety  or  prospect  of  eacceH;  but  being  strongly  impres- 
sed wiiA  the  ides  that  it  wss  incumbent  on  him  to  make  every 
possible  effort,  Captain  Parry  determined  to  extend  this  limit  to 
the  14th  of  September,  before  which  date  the  winter  would  have 
set  in.  The  prospect  was  not  very  encouraging,  even  with  this 
extension;  they  had  only  advanced  sixty  miles  this  seas >n,  and 
the  distance  to  Icy  Cape  was  yet  between  eight  and  nine  hundred 
miles,  supposing  them  to  find  a  clear  passage.  The  provisions, 
too,  were  so  far  reduced  in  quantity,  that  by  no  means  could  they 
be  oaade  to  hold  out  longer  than  till  April,  1823,  and  the  deficien- 
cy of  fuel  was  even  more  apparent.  "These  and  other  minor 
considerations,  induced  Cajptau  Parry  to  ask  the  advice  and 
opinions  of  his  officers  relative  to  the  expediency  of  returning  to 
England.  The^  all  agreed  that  any  attempt  to  penetrate  farther 
westward  in  their  present  parallel,  would  be  fruitless,  and  attended 
with  loss  of  time  that  might  be  more  profitably  employed  else- 
where. They  advwed  that  the  vessel  should  run  back  along  the 
edge  of  the  ice,  in  order  to  look  for  an  opening  that  might  lead 
toward  the  American  continent,  and  after  a  reasonable  time  spent 
in  the  search,  to  return  to  England.  This  advice  agreeing  with 
his  own  opinions.  Captain  Parry  resolved  to  comply  with  it. 

On  the  twenty-fourth  the  ships  moved  again,  and  found  less  ice 
as  they  advanced,  so  that  when^  on  the  morning  of  the  37th,  they 
cleared  the  east  end  of  3Ielville  Island,  the  navigable  channel 
was  not  less  than  tea  miles  wide.  A  constant  look-out  was  kept 
freai  the  crow's  nest  for  an  opening  to  the  south,  but  none  occur- 
red. The  weather  was  hazy,  so  much  so  that  thoy  were  again 
oUiged  to  steer  the  ships  the  one  by  the  other.  As  they  proceed- 
ed, several  islands  hitnerto  unknown,  were  discovered,  but  no 
opening  was  seen  in  the  ice,  and  when  they  had,  on  the  30di, 
nmeiied  longitude  Sk)**,  they  became  satisfied  that  there  was  no 
Mssibility'of  effecting  their  object,  and  Captain  Parry,  therefore, 
iBeoeeived  it  to  be  his  duty  to  return  forthwith  to  England,  in 
Older  that  no  time  might  be  lost  in  following  up  his  discoveries, 
if  his  government  should  deem  fit  to  do  so. 

The  Hecla  arrived  at  the  Orkney  Islands  on  the  38th  of 
October;  and  the  Griper  on  the  first  of  November.  Thus  did 
they  return  from  a  vovage  of  eighteen  months  duration,  in  good 
health  and  spirits,  with  the  loss  of  only  one  man. 


WMamStaieesMMIMMnSIMMlHHI^^ 


mm 


a  with  any  d«- 
Itroogly  imprM- 
to  make  every 
nd  this  limit  to 
iter  would  have 
even  with  this 
'  I  M&a  m,  and 
nine  hundred 
The  provisions, 
eans  (wuld  they 
land  the  deficien- 
nd  other  minor 
the  advice  and 
/  of  retunting  to 
penetrate  farther 
ess,  and  attended 
Y  employed  else- 
bacK  along  the 
that  might  lead 
onable  time  spent 
ice  agreeing  with 
ipty  with  it, 
and  found  lees  ice 
ofthe  27th,  they 
navigable  channel 
|look-out  was  kept 
:h,  but  none  occur- 
it  they  were  again 
As  they  proceed- 
liscovered,  but  no 
had,  on  the  30tb, 
that  there  was  no 
in  Poi'iTi  theriefore, 
ith  to  Englandj  in 
up  his  discoveries, 

I  on  the  38th  of 
'ember.  Thus  did 
s  duration,  in  good 
in. 


eAVTAUr  rABBT. 


CAPTAIN  PARinrs  SECOND  VOTAOIT  OF 
DISCOVERT. 

The  diacoveries  made  by  the  expedition  under  Captain  Plany 
in  1819-20,  being  believed  to  afford  a  strongnresumption  of  the 
existence  of  a  Northwest  Passage  to  the  Facific  Ocean,  the 
British  government  commanded  that  another  attempt  wbould  bo 
made  to  discover  it.  The  Hecla  having  been  found  well  adapted 
to  this  kind  of  service,  the  Fury,  a  ship  of  precisely  the  same 
class,  was  selected  to  accompany  her.  Captain  George  F.  Lyon 
was  appointed  to  command  the  Hecla,  and  Captain  Parry,  whose 
efforts  had  made  him  justly  celebrated,  was  commissioned  to 
command  the  expedition. 

Some  alterations  in  the  interior  arrangements  of  the  vessels, 
such  as-  were  suggested  by  the  experience  of  Captain  Parry, 
were  made.  Among  these  was  an  iq;>paratus  for  melting  snow, 
which  was  found  very  useful,  and  was  so  little  in  tthe  way,  that  it 
could  not  even  be  seen.  Cots  and  hammocks  were  substituted 
for  the  former  bed  places,  and  some  improvements  were  made  i» 
the  manner  of  Victualling  the  ships. 

In  his  official  instructions,  Captain  Parry  was  directed  to  pro- 
ceed into  Hudson's  Strait,  till  he  should  meet  the  ice,  when  the- 
Nautilus  Transport,  which  was  placed  at  his  disposal,  was  to  be^ 
cleared  of  its  provisions  and  stores.  He  waa^then  to  penetrate 
westward,  till  he  should  reach  some  land  which  he  should  be  con- 
vinced was  a  part  of  the  American  continent,  at  some  point  north' 
•of  Wager  River.  If  he  reached  the  Pacific,  ke.  was  to  proceed 
to  Kamschatka;  thence  to  Canton  or  the  Sandwich  Islands,  and 
thence  to  England,  by  whatever  route  he  might  deem  meet  oeiw 
TCnient. 

Accordinsly,  in  the  beginning  of  April,  1821,  the  three  reaaels 
sailed  from  England.  Nothing  worthy  of  note  occurred  till  they 
met  with  the  ice  in  Davis'  Strait,  where  the  vessels  were  moored 
to  an  iceberg,  and  the  Nautilus  was  unladen.  This  done,  she 
parted  company  on  the  lat  of  July,  and  sailed  for  England,  while 
the  Fury  and  Hecla  stood  toward  the  ice,  which  they  reached  a 
little  before  noon,  and  ran  along  its  edge,  keeping  as  cnuchtoihe 
westward  as  possible. 

On  the  24th,  they  reached  the  Savage  Islands,  and  landed  on 
one  of  them.  They  are  many — all  exhibiting  the  same  appear- 
ance of  utter  sterility.  That  on  which  they  landed  was  from  six 
to  eight  hundred'  feet  above  the  level  of  the  sea.  Here  they 
noticed  the  same  appearances  of  an  Es<iuimaux  camp  as  had  been 
seen  at  Melville  Island,^  with  a  few  pieces  of  fir,  which  proved 
that  the  savages,  in  these^parts,  were  not  in  want  of  wood,  since 


4flD 


ojLrtAm  rABsr. 


they  eoald  afford  to  leave  it  behind  them.    Harei  and  aereral 
•pecieo  of  birds  were  seen  on  this  island. 

As  soon  as  the  exploring  party  returned  on  board,  ell  sail  was 
made  to  the  westward,  the  sea  being  now  nearly  free  from  ice 
The  next  day  the  hills  on  the  coast  of  Labrador  were  seen. 
Thus  they  kept  on  till  the  31st,  discovering  islands  as  they  pro- 
ceeded. Oa  the  aflcrnoon  of  this  day,  an  Esquimaux  oomioftwas 
seen  coming  from  tKe  shore  of  Salisbury  Island,  under  sail, 
accompanied  by  eight  kayaks.  In  this  boat  were  sixteen  persons, 
of  which  two  were  men,  and  the  rest  women  and  children.  In 
dress  and  personal  appearance,  these  people  did  not  differ  from  the 
Esquimaux  last  seen,  but  their  behavior  was  far  less  offensive. 

On  the  first  of  August,  the  ships  kept  on  westward  between 
Nottingham  Island  and  the  north  shore,  which  is  fringed  with 
small  islands.  This  channel  is  about  twelve  miles  wide.  In  the 
course  of  the  morning,  some  Esquimaux  came  to  the  ships  from 
the  main  Ini^l,  bringing  oil,  skin  dresses,  and  walrus's  tusktt,  which 
they  exchanged  for  any  trifle  that  was  offered.  They  also  offer- 
ed toys  for  sale,  such  as  models  of  canoes,  weapons,  &c.  Here, 
for  the  first  time,  the  navisators  saw  the  dresses  of  the  savages 
lined  with  the  skins  of  birds,  having  the  feathers  inside. 

Having  run  forty  miles  in  the  night  without  seeing  any  ice, 
they  came  the  next  morning  to  a  pack  so  close  as  to  prevent  their 
farther  progress.  The  ships  received  very  heavy  blows,  and  with 
considerable  difficulty  got  clear  of  it.  ,  They  ran  along  the  edge 
■everul  miles  to  the  northward,  in  search  of  an  opening;  but 
finding  none,  they  stood  back  to  the  southwest,  to  try  what  could 
be  done  in  that  quarter. 

The  expedition  being  now  about  to  enter  upon  ground  hitherto 
anexplored,  it  became  necessary  for  Captain  Parry  to  decide  on 
the  route  he  should  pursue  with  most  advantage;  and  afier  mature 
deliberation,  he  came  to  the  resolution  to  attempt  a  direct  passage 
of  the  Frozen  Strait,  though  he  greatly  feared  the  loss  of  time 
that  would  be  the  consequence  or  a  failure. 

After  contending  with  the  ice  for  several  days,  on  the  1 1th,  the 
■hip  succeeded  in  getting  to  the  northern  land,  and  a  party  of  the 
officers  landed  upon  a  small  rook,  or  islet,  a  mile  and  a  half  from 
the  shoro. 

Soon  alter  the  party  returned  on  board,  a  fresh  gale  f;om  the 
north  com^ielled  them  to  make  the  ships  fast  to  the  largest  floe 
near,  in  order  not  to  lose  much  ground.  The  gale  modernted 
about  noon,  and  they  cast  off  from  the  floe  and  made  sail.  Thoy 
made  considerable  progress  till  evening,  when  the  ice  closed 
round  them  Again.  After  sunset  on  the  13th,  they  descried  land 
to  the  westward,  which  they  believed  to  be  a  part  of  the  continent. 
Yet  they  continued  closely  beset,  and  on  the  16th  the  Hecla 
drifted  back  with  the  ice,  out  of  sight  of  her  consort.  This  was 
partly  owing  to  the  extraordinary  refraction  upon  the  horizon, 


larfls  and  UT«raI 

Joard,  dl  sail  was 
Irly  free  from  ice 
Irador  were  seen, 
lands  as  they  pro« 
uimaux  oomtak  was 
iland,  under  sail, 
kre  sixteen  persons, 
[and  children.  Iti 
not  differ  from  the 
ir  less  offensive, 
[westward  between 
is  fringed  with 
liles  wide.  In  the 
to  the  ships  from 
ralrus's  tuskH,  which 
They  also  offer- 
capons,  &c.  Here, 
Bses  of  the  savages 
^ers  inside, 
lout  seeing  any  ice, 
i  as  to  prevent  their 
tavy  blows,  and  with 
ran  along  the  edge 
of  an  opening;  but 
It,  to  try  what  could 

ipon  ground  hitherto 
I  Parry  to  decidb  on 
ge;  and  aAer  mature 
impt  a  direct  passage 
ed  the  loss  of  time 

kys,  on  the  11th,  the 
1,  and  a  party  of  the 
nile  and  a  half  from 

fresh  gale  f;om  the 
t  to  the  largest  floe 
rhe  gale  modernted 
id  made  sail.  Thoy 
hen  the  ice  closed 
they  descried  land 
lart  of  the  continent, 
the  Idth  the  Hecia 
consort.  This  was 
1  upon  the  horizon, 


1 


whioh  apparently  diminished  and  distorted  objects,  at  no  great  dia> 
tance,  in  a  wonderful  manner.  On  the  next  day,  however,  the 
Hecla  hove  in  sight,  and  upon  whieh  the  Fury  set  sail  ami  beat 
through  the  channel.  On  the  motning  of  the  17th,  the  weather 
being  too  foggy  to  move,  parties  from  both  ships  went  on  shore, 
to  examine  the  country,  and  to  procure  spenimens  of  its  natural 
productions.. 

As  soon  as  the  weather  cleared  up,  they  returned  on  board,  and 
sailed  to  the  northeast,  where  alone  they  had  an^  chance  of  find> 
ing  an  outlet.  Having  ascertained  the  continuity  of  land  round 
thu  inlet,  they  gave  it  the  name  of  Duke  of  York's  Bay.  It  was 
now  certain  that  the  object  of  the  expedition  could  not  be  effected 
in  that  direction;  and  thov  therefore  sailed  back,  through  tne 
narrow  channel  by  which  they  had  entered,  with  the  intention  of 
seeking  an  opening  farther  north,  without  delay. 

It  would  be  tedious  to  tell  of  every  obstacle,  that  hindered  or 
delayed  the  ships.  They  pursued  their  intended  course  along  tne 
shore,  when  the  wind  and  weather  permitted;  ai)d  when  unavoid- 
ably detained,  they  landed.  '  Among  other  places,  they  landed  at 
Repulse  Bay,  in  latitude  66'^  30  min.  and  longitude  86o  SO  min. 
From  all  indications,  the  water  through  which  they  had  been  sail* 
ing,  was  the  imperfectly  known  Frozen  Strait;  and  Captain  Parry 
resolved  to  keep  alons  the  land  to  the  northward,  and  examine 
every  bend  or  inlet,  which- misht  appear  likely  to  afford  a  practi- 
cable  passage  to  (he  westwar-d. 

Sailmg  on  the  33d  along  the  northern  shore  of  Frozen  Strait, 
it  was  observed  that  the  land  appeared  in  one  place  to  consist  of 
islands  only,  behind  which  no  land  wan  visible.  This  part  of  t!ie 
coast  appeared  to  Captain  Parry  so  favorable  to  the  accomplish- 
ment of  his  enterprise,  that  he  resolved  to  examine  it  more 
clcsely.  Having  beat  up  to  the  mouth  of  an  opening  that  seemed 
practicable,  he  found  the  greater  part  of  the  channel  tilled  with 
a  body  of  ice,  renderilog  examination  in  ships  or  boats  impossible. 
The  only  means,  therefore,  of  exploring  it  were,  to  despatch  a 
party  by  land.  Captain  Lyon  undertook  this  service,  accompa- 
nied by  five  persons,  furnished  with  a  tent  and  four  da^s'  provision. 
The  ships  were  anchored  to  await  his  return  a  mde  from  the 
chore.  The  flood  tide  came  otif  of  this  inlet,  a  circumstance  that 
naterially  strengthened  their  hopes  of  success. 

Captain  Lyon  first  landed  on  an  island,  and  then  crossed  a 
itrait  to  a  steep  point.  Thence  proceeding  northward  to  a  high 
hill,  he  found  the  strait  continuous,  and  returned  to  the  shipa. 
On  this  short  journey,  he  passed  the  remains  of  a  sreat  many 
Esquimaux  habitations.  The  result  of  Captain  Lyon  a  excursion 
was  to  convince  all  concerned,  that  a  communication  existed  here 
between  Frozen  Strait  and  a  sea  to  the  northward  and  eastward 
of  it,  and  Captain  Parry  determined  to  explore  it  as  far  aa  pua> 
■ibla. 

S4« 


40t 


CArTAIN  TAMXr. 


Afier  drHting  about  «ome  time  in  the  ice,  and  more  thatt  ofifill' 
narrowly  escaping  shipwreck,  measures  were  taken  to  survi^ 
this  part  of  the  Frozen  Strait;  but  little  knowledge  was  gained  by 
all  their  efforts.  On  the  let  of  September,  the  prospect  of  get- 
ting northward,  was  b^o  means  encouraging;  and  they  were, 
from  time  to  time,  beset  with  ice,  and  drifted  back.  On  the  3d, 
they  found  that  after  a  laborious  investigation,  which  had  occu- 
pied a  whole  month,  they  had  returned  to  nearly  the  same  spot  ■ 
where  they  had  been  on  tho  6th  of  August,  near  Southampton 
Island. 

On  the  1st  of  Oetober,  rain  fell,  which  immediately  freezing, 
made  the  decks  and  ropes  as  smooth  as  glass.  For  several  dftys 
the  thermometer  bad  been  below  the  freezing  point,  and  soRrt- 
times  as  low  as  SO*  at  night,  which  change,  together  with  UmT 
altered  aspect  of  the  land,  and  the  rapid  formation  of  young  ice 
near  the  shores,  save  notice  of  the  approach  of  winter.  THft 
commencement  of  this  dreary  season  in  these  regions  mmy, 
indeed,  be  dated  frdm  the  time  when  tho  earth  no  lonser  receives 
and  radiiUes  heat  enough  to  melt  the  snow  which  fdls  upon  it. 

On  the  8th,  the  joung  ice  on  the  surface  began  to  give  them 
warning  that  the  navigation  of  those  seas  was  nearly  ended  for 
the  season.  When  the  young  ice  has  acquired  the  tnickness  df 
half  an  inch,  and  is  of  considerable  extept,  a  ship  must  be'stopped^ 
by  it,  unless  favored  by  a  strong  and  fair  wind;  and  even  wnen 
making'  progreae,  is  not  under  control  of  the  helmsman,  depeudi 
ing' mostly  on  the  fliiekness  of  the  ic^on  one  bow  or  the  othet. 
Boats  cannot  be  emriojred  in  such  situations  with  much  ^Ifbct. 

When  to  these  difficulties  were  added  the  disadvantage  of 
a  temperature  near  zero,  and  twelve  hours  of  daily  darkneil', 
C^tain  Fkrrv  became  convinced  that  it  was  expedient  to  pl«e^^ 
the  ibipe  in  the  most  secure  situation  Ihat  could  be  found,  rathtff 
than  rfln  the  risk  of  being  permanently  detached  from  the  land  bK 
atteroptiqg  to.  gain  the  continent.  Aecordingljr,  a  canal  wt» 
sawed  into  a  harbor  on  the  south  side  of  a  small  island,  to  which' 
the  Df me  of  Winter  Island  was  given,  and  the  ships  were  warpifd^ 
to  their  winter  stations.  Thus  ended  their  operations  for  the 
season,  after  having  explored  a  portion  of  coast  six  hundred  milek 
in  extent,  one  half  of  wiiich  belonged  to  the  continent  of  Americf. 

The  arrangements  for  passing  the  winter  comfortably  were 

(retty  much  the  same  as  those  which  had  been  made  at  Melville 
sland,  with  some  improvements,  suggested  by  former  experience. 
The  theatre  was  better  fitted  than  before,  and  ascliool  was  estab- 
lished for  the  benefit  of  such  of  the  crews  as  might  wish  to  loam 
to  read  and  write.  The  lower  dlBck  of  the  Fury  was  fltt'ed  ftir  a 
church,  and  the  oompanies  of  both  ships  attended  during  the  vdn- 
ter.  The  men  wore  sent  to  walk  on  shore  for  exercise,  wbeneVvk^ 
the  leather  was  f&voriible;  and*  fitacer-posts  itttt  etet^Jn 
various  parts  of  the  island,  to  prevent  them  from  losing  their  wVly'. 


re  thaV  oHijI' 

ken  to  survi^ 

was  gained  b; 

irospect  of  g^t- 

sd  they  were. 

On  the  3d, 

Fhich  bad  occu- 

the  same  spot  ■ 

Southampton 

liately  freezinf^^ 

Tor  several  daya' 

lint,  and  sonw- 

bgether  with  Hit 

Ion  of  young  ici 

lof  winter.    Thh 

jse  regions  m^, 

o  lonser  received 

ch  f^ls  upon  it'. 

an  to  give  theitf 

nearly  ended  for 

the  tnickneas  tit 

p  must  be  stopped' 

and  even  when 

elmsman,  depsiid' 

bow  or  the  oth6t. 

ith  much  ^fl%ct. 

B  disadvantage  of 

of  daily  darkneiS; 

expedient  to  pla^*"^^ 

d  be  found,  raUttfT 

id  from  the  land  bK 

eljr,   a  canal  ^& 

Jl  island,  to  which; 

ships  were  warped^ 

operations  for  th« 

t  six  hundred  Uilel 

ttinent  of  Americi. 

comfortably  were 

I  made  at  Melville 

former  experience. 

a  scliool  was  estab- 

night  wish  to  leant 

iry  was  fitted  fbr  a 

led  during  the  Win- 

sxereise,  whenevtfk^ 

I  were  eredtb4\hri 

m  losing  their  wHf. 


mmm 


ejofij*  TAxmr. 


40» 


Ob' the'  llth  of  tfeeeinber,  the  weitber  \mtg  tolerably  elMr, 
stars  of  the  third  magnitude  were  visible  to  the  naked  eye  at  for^ 
minutes  past  eiffht,  and  those  of  the  second  magnitude  till  a  quar- 
ter past  nine,  which  ma^  give  some  idea  of  the  degree  of  light  al- 
this  period.  The  twilight  was,  of  course,  very  lone,  and  the 
redness  of  the  sun's  rays  might  be  seen  more  than  three  hours 
after  its  setting. 

On  the  13th,  the  thermometer  fell  to— 31°,  being  the  lowest 
teWperature  yet  experienced.  Bising  on  the  nth  to— S",  th« 
play  of  The  Poor  Gentleman  was  perrormed.  On  Christmas  eva 
the  theatre  was  again  put  in  requisition,  and  the  next  dky  was 
edebrated  to  the  utmost  extent  their  means  would  allow.  Amonft 
the  luxuries  of  the  Christmas  dinner  were  a  few  joints  of  EUigfim 
roast  beef,  which  had  been  preserved  expressly  for  the  occasbn, 
the  first  and  last  ever  eaten  in  Frozen  Strait. 

The  same  occupations,  that  had  employed  them  at  Melvilt*. 
Island  served  to  beguile  the  time  this  winter.  Nothing  material 
occurred  till  the  first  of  February,  unless  the  circumstance  of 
seeing  a  white  bear  may  be  accounted  «o.  • 

On  the  1st  of  February,  a  number  of  Esquimaux  were  s««a' 
coming  toward  the  ships  over  the  ice,  and  the  appearance  oTbutv 
was  discovered  on  the  shore  with  a  telescope.  Captains  rarrjf 
and  Lyon,  with  three  or  four  others,  set  out  to  meet  the>  natives, 
who  were  slowly  advancing,  4o  the  number  of  twenty-five:  Alt' 
the  ofiicers  advanced,  they  stood  still,  awaiting  thair  approadk 
They  had  no  arms,  but  carried  only  a  few  strips'  of  whaiahoiMi, 
which  they  had  brought  for  a  peace-ofi*ering,  and  which  theMotlfii* 
men  immediately  purchased  for  a  few  small  naib  and  oaada.' 
There  were  several  women  and  children  with  the  Wtty,  and  tbe- 
behavior  of  all  was  ^uite  peaceable  and  orderly.  They  wuie  oU? 
handsomely  dressed  in  deerskins,  and  some  had  double  suits. 

However  quiet  theie  savages  we're,  they  did  not  exhibit  thv 
slightest  signs  of  apprehension  or  distrust.  As  soon  aa  some  un> 
darstanding  was  estabjished,  the  officers  expressed  a  wish  to  visit 
their  huts,  and  the  Esquimaux  readily  comi^ying,  they  dl  set  oht 
together.  The  savages  were  greatljr  astonishea  on  the  way  to 
see  a  large  dog,  belonging  to  the  wbitS8»  fetch  and  oarry;  and 
the  children  could  scarcely  contain  their  joy  when  Captain  Lyon 
gave  tbem  a  stick  to  throw,  and  the  dog  brought  it  back  to  them. 
An  infirm  old  nui,  who  supported  himself  witn  a  staff,  which  he 
much  needed,  was  left  belund  by  his  companions,  who  took  no 
notice  of  his  infirmities,  but  left  nim  to  find  his  waiy  as  he  might, 
without  reluctance  or  scruple. 

An  intercourse  was  k^  up  between  the  ships  and  tbs  Esqui> 
maus,  as  long  as  the  latter  remained  there,  wUeb  was  until  tlM 
tSd  of  lifay,  whentiiev  set  otf  with  aUUMir  food*  and  ohattsiBi 
inob|d(ag,a  naitin  1^  froi^ 

lie  eaulklng  of  tne  bows  being  new  completed,  the  ships  were 


'111  • 


CA?TAIIT  VABBT. 


released  (Vom  the  ice  by  tewing  round  them;  en  operation  which 
made  them  rise  in  the  water  six  inches  and  a  half,  in  consequence 
of  the  buoyancy  occasioned  by  the  winter's  expenditure. 

An  increased  extent  of  cpen  water  appearing  in  ihe^  offing, 
Captain  Lyon  again  departed,  accompanied  by  nine  persons,  with 
•  tent,  fuel,  and  provisions  for  twenty  days.  Each  individual  was 
furnished  with  a  light  sledge,  to  draw  his  provision  and  baggage, 
which  might  weigh  about  an  hundred  pounds.  Their  instructions 
were,  after  gaining  the  continent  to  proceed  along  the  coast  and 
examine  it,  and  to  make  observations  respecting  the  tides  and  th« 
nMural  productions  of  the  country. 

He  set  out  on  the  8th  of  May,  and  rested  on  the  9th  at  a  low, 
rocky  point,  which  he  called  i^oint  Belford.  Proceeding  north* 
warn,  ne  had  given  the.followina  names  successively  to  different 
parts  of  the  coast,  viz.  Blake's  Bay,  Adderly's  Bluff,  Palmer 
Bay,  Point  Elizabeth,  and  Cape  William;  when,  finding  his  pro- 
vision and  fuel  half  expended,  he  judged  it  prudent  to  return. 

Flocks  of  birds  now  began  to  give  token  of  returning  summer, 
and,  on  the  2oth,  some  Esquimaux,  who  came  from  an  encamp- 
ment to  the  westward,  reported  having  seen  a  great  many  rein- 
deer. Yet  at  the  close  of  May  it  was  matter  of  general  regret 
that  there  was  little  prospect  of  the  departure  of  the  ice,  and  that 
few  indications  of  a  thaw  had  been  observed.  The  navigators 
cuuid  nut  fail  to  remember  that  at  Melville  Island,  though  so 
much  farther  north,  the  season  had,  on*  the  same  day  two  yeara 
befnre,  advanced  full  as  far  as  now  at  Winter  Island.  The  parti 
of  the  land  which  were  most  bare  were  the  smooth,  round  tops  of 
the  hills,  on  some  of  which  were  little  pools  of  water.  There 
were  also,  on  the  low  lands,  a  few  dark,  uncovered  patches,  look- 
ing, in  the  snow,  like  i^'ets  in  the  sea.  Vegetation  seemed 
striving  to  commence,  and  a  few  tufta  of  saxifrage  oppositifolia,- 
when  closely  examined,  discoYored  some  signs  of  life.  Such  was 
the  state  of  things  on  shore:  upon  the  ice  appearances  were  as 
unpromising.  Except  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  the  ships, 
where  from  incessant  trampling,  and  the  deposit  of  various  stores 
upon  the  ice,  some  heat  had  been  absorbed  artificially,  there  was 
no  perceptible  sign  of  dissolution  on  the  upper  surface,  where  six 
or  seven  inches  of  snow  yet  remained  on  every  part.  In  these 
circumstances,  Captain  Parry  resolved  to  try  wnat  could  be  done 
to  release  the  ships  by  cutting  and  sawing.  Arrangements  were, 
therefore,  made  for  getting  everything  on  board,  and  for  com- 
mencing this  laborious  work. 

^  The  operation  began  on  the  Sd  of  June,  and  was  completed  in 
sixteon  oays,  by  severe  and  persevering  labor.  In  the  meanwhile, 
Nature  seemed  unwilling  to  lend  our  mariners  any  aid:  the  disso- 
lution of  the  ice  was  so  slow  as  scarcely  to  be  perceptible. 
However,  it  was  so  weakened  by  the  cut  made,  that  the  first 
ptMsoM  firem  without  eAKiied  •  rapture,  so  that  a  favorable 


1 


OArTAlN  FAKBT. 


¥» 


operation  which 

',  in  consequence 

nditure. 

ig  in  ihov  offing, 

ine  persona,  %vitli 

ch  individual  was 

on  and  baggage, 

""heir  instructions 

Sthe  coast  and 
e  tides  and  the 

the  9th  at  a  low, 
'roeeeding  north* 
sivejv  to  different 
y'a  Bluff,  Palmer 
n,  finding  his  pro- 
dent  to  return, 
'eturning  summer, 
from  an  encamp- 
great  many  rein- 
of  general  regret 
)f  the  ice,  and  that 
The  navigators 
Island,  though  so 
me  day  two  years 
Island.    The  parta 
looth,  round  tops  of 
of  water.     There 
ered  patches,  look« 
i^'egetation  seemed 
ifrage  oppositifulia,- 
I  of  life.     Such  was 
ipearaiiees  were  as 
inity  of  the  ships, 
lit  of  various  stores 
tificially,  there  was 
r  surface,  where  six 
)ry  part.    In  these 
wnat  could  be  done 
jrrangements  were, 
oard,  and  for  oom- 

1  was  completed  in 
>  In  the  meanwhile, 
I  any  aid:  the  disso- 
to  be  perceptible, 
nade,  that  the  first 
M)  that  a  ihvorable 


breeze  only  was  needed,  to  enable  the  ships  to  put  to  sea.  Ob 
the  2d  of  July,  the  wind,  for  the  first  time,  became  fair,  and  the 
ships  sailed. 

Winter  Island  is  ten  miles  and  a  half  in  length,  from  north-west 
by  north,  to  south-east  by  south,  and  its  average  breadth  from 
eight  to  ten  miles.  It  is  what  seamen  caH  rather  low  land;  the 
height  of  the  south-east  point,  which  was  named  Cape  Fisher,  out 
of  respect  to  the  chaplain  and  astronomer,  being  seventy-six  feet, 
and  none  of  the  hills  above  three  times  that  height.  The  outline 
of  the  land  is  smooth,  and  in  the  summer,  when  free  fi-om  snow, 
presents  a  brown  appearance.  Several  miles  of  the  north-west  end 
of  the  island  are  so  low  and  level,  that,  when  the  snow  lay  thick 
upon  it,  our  travellers  could  only  distinguish  it  from  the  sea  by 
the  absence  of  hummocks  of  ice. 

The  basis  of  the  island  is  gneiss  rock,  much  of  which  is  of  a 
gray  color,  but  in  many  places  also  the  feldspar  is  so  predominant 
as  to  give  a  brisht  and  red  appearance  to  the  rocks,  especially 
about  Cape  Fisher,  where  also  some  broad  veins  of  quartj  are 
aeen  intersecting  the  gneiss;  and  both  this  and  the  feldspar  are 
very  commonly  accompanied  by  a  green  substanccr,  which  appear- 
ed to  be  pist'acite,  and  which  usually  occurs  as  a  thin  lamina 
adhering  strongly  to  the  others.  In  many  specimens  these  three 
are  united,  the  feldspar  and  quartz  displaying  tolerably  perfect 
crystals.  In  some  of  the  gneiss  small  red  garnets  are  abundant, 
as  also  in  mica-slate.  In  lumps  of  granite,  which  are  fouud  de- 
tached  upon  the  surface,  the  mica  sometimes  occurs  in  white 
plates,  and  in  other  specimens  is  of  a  dirty  brown  color.  There 
are  several  varieties  of  mica-slate,  and  some  of  these  have  a 
brilliant  metallic  appearance,  like  silver;  those  which  are  most 
so,  crumble  very  easily  to  pieces.  The  most  common  stone  next 
to  those  already  mentioned  is  lime,  which- is  principally  schistose, 
and  of  a  white  color.  Many  pieces  of  this  substance,  on  being 
broken,  present  impressions  of  fossil-shells,  and  some  have  also 
brown  waved  lines  running  quite  through  them.  Nodules  of 
flint  occur  in  some  maaies  of  lime,  but  they  are  not  comrabn. 
Iron  pyrites  is  found  in  large  lumps  of  black  stone,  tinged  exter* 
nally  with  the  oxyde  of  iron:  it  is  here  and  there  met  with  in 
small  perfect  cubes. 

Sailing  northward  dong  the  coast,  the  ships  were  soon  stopped 
by  the  ice.  While  they  remained  stationary,  a  party  of  natives 
were  discovered  on  shore,  who  proved  to  bo  their  neighbors  of 
Winter  Island.  They  were  cordially  greeted  by  the  officers  and 
■eamen  as  old  acquaintances,  and  loaded  with  presents.  On 
leaving  the  ships,  one  of  them  sent  Captain  Parry  a  piece  of  seal 
akin  aa  a  present,  without  the  least  prospect  or  expectation  of  • 
return.  We  mention  this  trifling  incident,  merely  because  it  waa 
the  first  and  only  undeniable  proof  of  gnitUude  otwfvred  aBWOg 
thaaa  peopla 


^  -i^.«r.  nttrtued"  their  courts  "ortV 

Jred  y«^*°  ^!Sjid  thenar  of  •^''^f'^Let  hU  V  h«« 
hdf.  the  Cai*»m  h«^^^^^     .^out  two  ^^^^^^^^  S  elevated 

2«S  it  ie  .intrected  to  he  b««        ^^  ,^u.    AftJJ  •" 

K°ch«nnel  being  wo«  in 'W^*   ^^  thirty  Sm  iu  •J'ength 

Sun  narrowed  to  forty  yw^^      ^i^^y  ?**•  *°  .Siouated  by 

ISSw^ontee  Captwn  P^^^       ^^.^  and  lon«»t«d«  «»   a» 
•^•ne"'^^  dil?  ige  herd,  of  '"'KlTme  for  tJ^^^e  of  *• 

•»•  ^'.fif   iSey  ^"t«d  q»ify:jnj!r%.e%fferedthe 


lul.      Ther  waiiea  h-'V'  «»il«vfl     Theyeunersu  «•- 
»  another-      JW  ^^  two volteye.     *»  ^     .pprowJi 

g"**y  "^^S^ik  oi  the  ice  near  them,  but  on  Jj"  Xy  JSt  toto 
,-to  to  ^•^•*  ihS  pugnaciona  I«n»ow.    ^''^g^J.*  W1a»i 
pUyed  •  •*"»*''°r  Kick  with  Wpoona  «J«  "^'  ^^imaly 
ttaTwit^r  tJtte*^j:«Jl.Tflnite  fhriou.:.  one  of  ttem  WP       ;. 


K-pliyed  •,-o»«;«'«  SSdTwith  Wpoon.  -^^  ;-'%^iS^ 


CArTAIN   rAftBT. 


iff 


their  courie  north- 
t  danger.    On  the 
of  a  considerable 
examine  it.    The 
Ith  from  four  hun- 
ig  a  mile  and  a 
„.    At  the  mouth, 
feet  high,  but  here 
•  more  elevated 
found  the  stream 
acts.    Then  turning 
-ater  spray,  occasion- 

itream  begi"  »*•/*" 
lundred  and  fifty  fee^, 
eiss  rock.    After  fall- 
degrees,  the  river  u» 
wUecting  its  strengtt 
eet,  in  one  unbroken 
;Bract,  aurmounted  by 
n  which  receives  the 
da  in  diameter,  rather 
^beve  the  cataract,  the 
imaginable  among  th* 
ice.    To  this  be^utiflil 
roe  of  Barrow's  Biver. 
d  longitude  81'  SfiT  9ff'. 
es  were  seen  upon  tje 
ome  for  the  sake  of  tjio 
died  together,  piled  upon 
be  shot,  and  were  i^ 
lleys.    They  suffered  the 
It  on  their  near  appro^CJi 
•e.    After  tl^ey  g<>ttoto 
Bon.  and  killed.    Wtep 
one  of  them  r«Olttt«V 
iured  it  with  his  ^wMi- 
ded  the  wounded  anunMf . 
ler  to  assist  their  esetBO. 
ucartained.    Two  of  Jhe 
^hedoverfifteenhundrjd 

1  uncommon  biflk.     TW 
tee  of  tiiem  being  touchjd 

,  and  snapped  it  with  »o. 
had  young  ones,  wniciji 

between  «*«»  •ifJS*,?' 
f  killed  with  oi»pke»^>Wf » 


On  the  Idth,  the  ships  reached  Igloolik,  for  the  situation  of 
iriiich  we  refer  our  readers  to  the  map.  Here  they  found  a  new 
band  of  Esquimaux,  who  proved  to  be  the  acquaintances  and  rela- 
tives of  those  of  Winter  Island.  These  people  dwelt  not  in  snow 
huts,  but  in  tents,  made  of  the  skins  of  the  walrus  and  seal,  the  for- 
mer shaved  thin  enough  to  allow  the  transmission  of  light.  They 
were  clumsily  made,  and  supported  by  a  kind  of  tenl-pole,  con- 
structed by  tying  bones  or  deer's  horns  together.  The  edses  of 
the  tents  were  kept  down  by  placing  stones  upon  them'.  1%  keep 
the  whole  fabric  erect,  a  thong  was  extended  from  the  top  to  a 
larve  stone  at  the  distance  of  a  few  yards.  These  abiding  places 
had  little  appearance  of  affording  comfort  or  convenience. 

From  these  people  Captain  Parry  learned  that  he  had  unques- 
tionably been  coasting  the  conmunt..  He  then  determined  to 
attempt  to  penetrate  a  large  inlet,  stretching  Wv^'stward  ft«m 
Igloolik,  which,  at  the  time  of  his  arrival,  was  closed  by  a  fixed 
hairier  of  ice,  and  which  he  named  The  Strait  of  the  Fury  and 
Heela.  We  shall  not  follow  the  navigators  in  their  arduous  but 
unsuccessful  efforts  to  penetrate  westward  at  this  point,  as  we 
bare  already  alloted  more  space  to  their  adventures  than  consists 
with  our  intended  limits.  Suffice  it  to  say,  that  after  perse- 
vering in  the  attempt  till  the  90th  of  September,  they  found  them- 
selves as  far  from  the  attainment  of  their  object  as  at  first.  Tke 
eold  weather  then  setting  in,  they  were  compelled  to  lay  the  ships 
up  at  Igloolik. 

One  important  point  was  settled,  however,  beyond  the  possibHi- 
ty  of  doubt.  Finding  his  researches  ineffectual  by  water.  Cap- 
tain Parry  undertook  to  explore  the  Strait  of  the  Fury  and  Hecta 
by  land.  He  found  it  continuous,  and  pursued  his  journey  flir 
-enough  to  see  the  open-  sea  beyond,  thus  proving  the  existence 
of  a  passage  at  this  point,  though  it  was  then,  and  probably  ever 
will  be,  closed  by  an  insurmountable  barrier  of  iee.  Beside  tUs 
result  of  his  endeavors,  the  poeMoo  ef  Coekburn  Island,  and  ih- 
deed  of  all  tho  lands  adjacent  to  Igledik,  was  aeoertaiMd,  aMd 
eerrectly  laid  down  on  the  map. 

Beside  the  Esquiosaux  found  at  Igloolik,  our  friends  had  Hie 
"•(Muety  of  the  savages  of  Winter  Island,  who  rejoined  them 
•bortlv  aflter  their  arrival.  We  are  sorry  diat  we  eaMit  relate 
the  adventures  and  observations  of  this  wiaiter,  as  they  are  ex- 
tremely entertaining;  but  as  they  are  not  fanportant  in  th^ 
aature,  We  trust  to  be  exonsed  for  omitting  them. 

I^oolik  is  a  low  island,  ten  miles  long  and  six  broad,  and 

exhibits  the  same  appearance  of  sterility  as  the  a^eeent  eon- 

-ttaent,  eiMnting  in  flaees  wfaieh  have  been  inhabited  by  the 

i«|ili»ei.     IWre,  thw  aoeoMMlation  of  «ainMl  sabatBBee*  hi* 

prodoeod  a  luxuriant  vegetation.    In  aome  parts  there  are  ppMs 

t,««e«MMMfidi-bi^5ht  fteeai 


Af  foMil   remains,  wm»«  _,,      interior  w  aiino»*  »••  .        . 

lianj;  but  there  are  risuig  g'°"°'';;7exceUent  »a«^™"''r-.„t.ia 

^     '__-  !««,  Viiit  their  fl 


riooliK  »  »  S'",*^!     -i«.n«t  all  the  lana  in"»w  v — ■' : 
rpe  Wands.     Lik^^n^j"™  that  of  lglool.kj»»J 


but  tneir  gow'-e/     V «?;«# nr  laland,  oeing  vw—r"— r 

From  the  top  of  one  of  theae  we  ^^^ 

ihores.  .  ..    ctrait  of  the  Fury  and  "•;'"j^    jjana, 

Theentrance  of  the  Strut  o  ^^^  projecting  }f^^'^^ 


^tmmtm 


|t«in  the  impreiwoM 
J  cellular  etructure 
lie  almost  an  entire 
J  with  the  remains  of 
lent  landmarks. 

s  called  by  Captain 
-J  land  in  this  vicinity, 
that  of  Igloolik,  and 
land,  being  coropoeed 
Lre  high  and  rugged. 

i  view  of  the  adjacent 

and  Hecla  U  aboQl 

projecting  headlands 

velocity.    The  soutk 

stiy  smooth,  and  com- 

Beyond  the  entrance 

I  Parry,  who  it  will  be 

►f  the  strait,  states  the 

lite,  rising,  in  some  in- 

of  the  sea.     In  some 

■tone.    He  has  left  no 

ine  the  length  of  this 

ay  in  accomplishing  the 

e  may  conclude  that  it 

From  the  point  wher« 

tus  sea  to  the  westward, 

r  one  small  island 

of  the  Fury  and  Hecla. 

Dce  of  beautifully  veined 

minerals  were  asbestos, 

It  variety  of  sand-stone, 

n  part  is  formed  of  black 
"hu  part  of  the  island  ia 
iff  of  black  and  rugged 
otto.  The  wajer,  oozing 
he  most  brilliant  stalae- 
«h  the  shady  part  of  the 
the  island  is  or  clay  and 
ty  covering  of  shnvelled 

like  the  preceding  one, 
srcourse  with  thf  Kaquf 

at  of  their  harbor,  where 
Dd  nineteen  days.  Tk«jr 
sto  uao  could  be  made  M 


CAfTAlX   PARRT.'  411 

their  sails;  nevertheless,  by  the  30th  of  the  month  they  passed 
Winter  Island,  having  been  carried  three  degrees  ^;  the  oritl  in 
which  they  were  beset.  On  the  9th  ot*  October,  y  made  the 
Orkney  inlands,  and  on  the  lUth  reached  Lerwick  in  Shetland, 
where  they  were  received  with  many  congratulations  on  their  safe 
return. 


CAPTAIN  PARRY'S  THIRD  VOYAGE  OF 
DISCOVERY. 

The  Britidh  Government  having  resolved  to  (it  out  a  third  e>> 
pedition,  under  Captain  Parry,  the  Hecla  and  Fury  we/e  made 
ready  for  sea,  the  latter  lender  the  command  of  Captain  Hoppner, 
and  sailed  from  England  on  the  1 6th  of  May  1824.  They  were  to 
attempt  the  northwest  passage  at  Prince  Regent's  Inlet.  Having 
crossed  the  Atlantic  without  any  material  adventure,  they  made 
the  bay  of  Licvely  in  Disko  Island  on  the  oth  of  July. 

Sailing  up  Bafnn's  Bay,  on  th:;  17th  tlio  ships  came  to  the  ice, 
and  atler  many  obstructions,  only  pe:ietrated  seventy  miles  to  thb 
westward.  Here  they  encoimtcied  a  hard  gale,  and  sustained 
several  shocks  that  would  have  crushfd  any  siiip  nf  ordinary 
strength.  They  reached  Lancaster's  Sound  on  the  lOlh  of  Sep- 
tember. The  winds  not  heing  fuvornble,  the  ships  made  small 
progress,  and  on  the  13th  the  crews  had  the  mortification  to  pei*- 
ccive  the  sea  ahead  covered  with  ice,  in  attem;)ting  to  penetrate 
which  they  were  soon  immovably  beset.  Nevertheless,  the 
exertions  of  Captain  Parry  and  his  coadjutor  were  unremitting. 

Th,e  officers  landed  at  one  place,  a  little  east  of  Admiralty  inlet. 
The  vegelatim  was,  as  usual  in  those  regions,  very  scanty. 
With  great  e.xertion  and  extreme  difficulty,  the  expeditim  reached 
Port  Bawen  in  Prince  Regent's  Inlet,  on  the  'Ulth,  where,  by  the 
middle  of  October,  Captain  Parry  deemed  it  advisable  to  lay  up 
the  ships  for  the  winter.  Several  journeys  inland  proved  the 
country  to  be  exceedingly  broken  and  rugged;  so  much  so  that 
the  researches  of  the  explorers  were  of  necessity  confined  to  a 
very  limited  extent.  ' 

About  midnight  on  the  27th  of  January,  a  l}rilliant  display  (if 
the  ^Vurora  Borcalis  was  observed.  It  broke  out  in  n  single 
compact  mass  of  yellow  light,  appearing  but  a  short  distance  above 
the  land.  This  light,  notwithstanding  its  general  continuity, 
aomelimes  appeared  to  be  composed  of  numerous  groups  of  rajrf, 
compressed  laterally,  as  it  were,  into  one,  its  limits  to  right  and 
left  bein^  well  defined  and  nearly  vertical.  Though  always  veVy 
briUant,  it  constantly  varied  in  intensity ;  and  this  appeared  to  b« 

So 


SSS.  ^  ««k.  i"«"fj^r„  ,S  weeding  .'«»'"?  "fiiiS 

fSA'isji .» .rive.  - '''s«s:si'°r.:«»».  «'"•  ^^x 

5ff  *„ldb^  W  w-fom^^  fo  four  fathom,  deep  t 

trithio  whicfc  the  water  ww  violence, 

'lof Se  night  of  the  2d.  the  ice  can^jn  JlJ^  «',« ^d  number 
Jl^n  fXd  the  FuryjJ  J;^'  hiTfrom  .hiring  the  .am, 

ti^In  the  meanwhile  «*  "•J^^^had  become  so  sore  by  Ae 
SS^ed  by  labor,  and  their  "»•«»■'  g^uld  no  longer  handle 
2SS  mcJion  of  the  /SriSa^S  itTa.  determined  toJ|md 
51S  without  mU^njJ^J^^^^^^^^^^  i„  order  that  she  might 

tX^a^tff  W  .  ,.,^ed  to  the  beach,  by  which  the 
CTS'porition  a  g'^^  P;f  ^**U'S  than  had  at  finj  bj^ 


Itber,  a»we«eetli» 
IvCT  cloud.  While 
Iding  beauty  of  the 
|it  seeing  a  brilliaot 
I  them  and  the  {and, 

hares  and  mice, 
i  but  rarely,  and 
In.     In  July,  a  canal 
led  to  sea.     Captain 
of  the  inlet,  but  he 
ection,  when  he  was 
d  in  that  quarter,  he 
ward.     The  nrost  he 
r  of  the  shores. 
et  close  to  the  land, 
em.     The  Hecla  re- 
»r  three  hawsers;  but 
eaved  off  again,  with 
ement  of  her  misfor- 
gain  nipped,    and  so 
As  the  tide  fell,  her 
al  feet,  and  the  Hecla 
bund  where  the  Fury 
IS  the  shore  was  every- 
The  ships  were  again 
anding  incessant  labor 
ntly  going  could  hardly 
itances  the  only  harbor 
rrounded  masses  of  ice, 
0  four  fathoms  deep  at 

in  with  great  violence, 
te  strength  and  number 
from  sharing  the  sam^ 
Fury  were  completely 
become  so  sore  by  the 
could  no  longer  handle 
;  was  determined  to  land 
n  order  that  she  might 

the  beach,  by  which  the 
or  were  secured  in  their 
cient  to  admit  both  ships, 
ry's  stores  were  li».nded. 
e  than  had  at  first  been 
onpactneis  of  her  fabno 
ftvertheleH,  no  •zextioa 


rum  LOSS  or  tbb  alcuti.  41* 

WM  spared  to  render  her  seaworthy  again,  thou|[h  the  daily  preo* 
sure  of  the  ice  was  another,  and  a  very  ereet  disadvantage. 

In  spite  of  every  effort,  it  was  found  impossible  to  save  the 
Fury,  and  the  Hecla  was  greatly  endangered  in  the  attempt. 
She  was  compelled  to  leave  the  land  and  dritl  about  amoos  the 
ice,  to  avoid  being  forced  on  shore.  On  returning,  Captain  Parry 
found  that  the  Fury  had  been  driven  farther  on  the  beach  thai: 
before,  and  nine  feet  of  water  were  in  her  hold.  Her  keel  and 
bottom  were  more  injured  than  ever.  The  first  glance  satisfied 
Captain  Parry  that  the  vessel  could  never  return  to  England. 
By  and  with  the  advice  of  a  council  of  his  officers,  therefore,  he 
decided  to  leave  her  to  her  fate,  and  as  his  provisions  would  barely 
suffice  for  another  twelvemonth,  to  return  home.  In  pursuance 
of  this  resolution  the  Hecla  reached  Sheerness  on  the  21st  of 
October.  On  the  eastern  shore  of  Prince  Regent's  Inlet  is  Cape 
Kater,  the  most  southern  point  attained  by  the  ships  in  this  ei- 
pedition.  It  is  in  latitude  71°,  57  SO,"  and  longitude  90"  OT 
46." 


NARRATIVE  OF  THE  I^OSS  OF  THE  ALCESTE. 

The  Alceste  sailed  from  WhamjKW  on  the  31st  of  Januarf, 
1817*,  exchanged  friendly  salutes  with  the  guardians  of  the  Bocea 
Tigris;  touched  at  Macao  and  Manilla;  rounded  the  numeroue 
clusters  of  rocks  and  shoals  tying  to  the  westward  of  the  Phillip- 

f»ines,  and  to  the  northwest  of  Borneo;  and  then  shaped  a  coura* 
br  the  Straits  of  Caspar,  which  she  entered  soon  after 'daylight 
on  the  18th  of  February. 

The  morning  was  fine,  the  wind  firesh  and  favorable,  and  the 
Alceste  movinj^  rapidly  through  the  water;  every  appearane* 

Kimised  a  rapid  passage  into  the  JU^a  sea,  for  whioh  Captain- 
axwell,  who  had  been  on  board  the  whole  of  the  preceding 
night,  was  steering  the  course  laid  down  in  the  most  approved 
charts,  and  recommended  by  the  sailing  directions  in  his  possee* 
sion,  when  the  ship  struck  asainst  a  sunken  rock,  three  milee 
distant  from  Pulo  Leat,  or  Middle  Island,  and  having  grated  over 
it  for  a  few  seconds,  took  a  slight  heel  to  starboard,  and  became 
immovable.  The  rapidity  of  her  motion,  at  the  instant  of  strik- 
ing, rendered  it  highly  probable  that  she  had  received  serious 
iigury;  and  every  doubt  on  this  subject  was  soon  removed  by  the 
appearance  of  her  false  keel  floating  along  side,  and  the  report  of 
the  carpenter,  who  stated  that  the  water  in  the  bold  had  increased 
flrom  two  and  a  half  to  ssvsa  Asl,  ud  thst  it  was  gsiniog  rapidl/ 
oaths  pumps. 


THt  LOM  or  nu  AtCBm. 


The  •ailt,  which  had  at  first  been  thrown  aback,  wore  now 
Airled,  and  the  best-bower  anchor  was  dropped,  to  keep  her  faet, 
from  the  apprehension,  if  she  went  off  the  rock,  of  her  instantly 
■inking.  At  this  alarming  crisis,  not  the  slightest  confusion  or 
irregoTarity  occurred;  every  necessary  order  was  as  coolly  given, 
and  M  steadily  obeyed,  as  if  nothing  unusual  had  happened; 
every  one  did  his  duty  calmly,  diligently,  and  effectually. 

The  boats  being  hoisted  out,  Lord  Amherst  and  the  rentleuMO 
of  his  suite,  within  half  an  hour  of  the  striking  of  the  uiip,  woro 
in  the  barge,  and  making  for  the  nearest  part  of  the  above  men* 
tinned  desert  island.  After  leaving  the  Alceste,  they  saw  more 
•oeurately  the  dangerous  nature  of  her  situation.  The  rock  on 
which  she  had  struck  was  distinctly  seen  from  the  boat,  extending 
only  a  few  yarclu  from  her.  Beyond,  the  water  was  dark  and  deep 
ibr  nearly  half  a  mile;  it  then  became  so  shallow  that  the  beautiful 
but  fatal  corul  was  continually  seen  as  they  approached  the  shore. 
When  about  a  mile  from  Pulo  Leat,  rocks,  covered  by  not  moro 
than  from  one  to  three  feet  water,  surrounded  them  on  all  sides. 
The  barge  struck  several  times,  but  was  saved  from  any  serious 
■ccident  by  the  skill  of  Lieutenant  Hoppner,  who  commanded 
her.  AAer  sailing  or  rowing  for  about  an  hour,  they  gained  what 
had  appeared  from  the  ship  to  be  land  covered  with  wood — but, 
to  their  mortification,  discovered  nothing  but  insulated  masses  of 

Kinite,  interspersed  with  mangrove  trees  growing^  in  the  water, 
ing  now  joined  by  a  cutter,  with  the  servants  of  the  embassy, 
■nd  a  part  of  the  guard,  they  proceeded  along  shore  in  quest  of 

,  t  more  convenient  placo  for  debarkation.  Several  cret^ks,  which 
seemed  to  penetrate  inland,  were  in  vain  explored;  they  all  ter- 
minated  in  deep  swamps.  Similar  attempts  were  reiterated,  till 
anxiety  to  send  back  the  boats  determined  his  Excellency  to  land 
on  the  first  rocks  which  should  be  found  suiiiciently  large  ot  nu* 
nerous  for  the  reception  of  the  party.  This  intention  wan  at 
length  effected  in  a  small  bay,  where  the  rocks  were  so  njjngled 
with  the  trees  as  to  afford  firm  hand-hold.  The  boats  were  then 
immediately  despatched  to  assist  in  bringing  on  shore  whatever 
could  be  saved  from  the  wreck.  A  more  convenient  landing-plac* 
being  subsequently  discovered  near  an  eminence  on  which  on 
encampment  might  be  formed,  the  whole  party  removed. thither, 
leaving  a  marine  behind  to  communicate  with  the  boats  as  they 
lucoessively  approached  the  shore. 

The  heat  of^  the  day  aa  it  advanced,  and  the  exertioiu  of  the 
men  in  clearing  the  ground,  for  the  reception  of  persons  and  bag- 
gage, produced  great  thirst,  and  rendered  it  necessary  to  look  for 
water,  of  which  none  had  been  brought  on  shore,  except  a  very 

^Mnail  quantity  collected  from  the  dripstones  on  deck.    A  search 
sr  this  purpose  was  conducted  in  several  directions  without  suc- 
cess; and,  night  coming  on,  it  was  relinquished  in  hopes  of  better 
fortune  on  the  morrow.    During  the  whole  day,  and  till  a  lata 


TBI  tOM  or  TBC  AtCCITI. 


413 


._  aback,  ware  new 

iped,  to  keep  her  Tast, 

rock,  of  her  iMtanUy 

■lighteet  eonfiuiou  or 

jr  was  at  coolly  giveo, 

lusual  had  happened; 

ad  effectually. 

irat  and  the  rentlenien 

[king  of  the  ahip,  were 

lart  of  the  above  men- 

Icette,  thev  mw  more 

ituation.    The  rock  on 

om  the  boat,  extending 

rater  waa  dark  and  deep 

lallow  that  the  beautiful 

y  approached  the  ahore. 

M,  GOTcred  by  not  more 

nded  them  on  all  sidea. 

■aved  from  any  leriou* 

ppner,  who  commanded 

n  hour,  they  gained  what 

overed  with  wood — but, 

;  but  insulated  maitea  of 

ea  growing  in  the  water. 

servant*  of  the  embauy, 

along  there  in  queit  of 

I.     Several  creeks,  which 

lin  explored;  they  all  ter- 

mpts  were  reiterated,  till 

ed  his  Excellency  to  land 

d  sufficiently  large  Ok'  nu« 

,    This  intention  wan  at 

he  rocks  were  so  n^'ngled 

Id.    The  boats  were  then 

nging  on  shore  whatevef 

)  convenient  Iandtn||-plac« 

n  eminence  on  which  an 

le  party  removed. thither, 

ite  with  the  boats  as  they 

,  and  the  exertions  of  the 
eptidn  of  persons  and  bu{- 
ed  it  necessary  to  look  ior 
it  on  shore,  except  a  verv 
itones  on  deck.  A  searcu 
ral  directions  without  suc- 
iquished  in  hopes  of  better 
whole  day,  and  till  a  lota 


boor  in  the  erening,  the  boats  were  constantly  employed  conveying 
articles  from  the  wreck,  and  towing  aaliore  a  raA  on  which  had 
been  placed  the  basgage,  stores,  and  a  small  supply  of  provisions 
rescued  with  much laborand  difficulty,  under  the  superintendence 
ol'  Captain  Maxwell,  whose  exertions  and  self-possession  were 
nost  highly  spoken  of  by  all  his  fellow  sufferers. 

Towards  midnight,  as  the  tide  rose,  the  swell  of  the  sea  lifted 
the  ship  from  the  rock,  and  dashed  her  on  it  again  with  such  vio* 
lence  as  to  render  it  necessary  for  the  topmast  to  be  cut  away. 
Id  doing  this,  two  men  were  very  severely  bruised. 

Tlie  following  mornins  Captain  Maxwell  landed;  and,  after 
eonsulting  with  Lord  Amherst,  it  was  determined  that  his  £xcel> 
leoey,  and  the  gentlemen  of  the  embassy,  should  proceed  without 
delay  to  Batavia  in  the  barse,  with  a  picked  crew,  commanded 
by  the  Junior  Lieutenant,  (Mr.  Hoppner;)  one  of  the  cutters  waa 
•lao  prepared  to  accompany  them,  for  the  purpose  of  assisting  in 
ease  of  attack  or  accident.  The  master  of  the  Alceste  was  sent 
on  board  the  latter  to  navigate  the  boats.  At  this  season  there 
was  no  probability  of  the  passage  to  Batavia  exceeding  sixty  hours, 
the  distance  being  only  one  hundred  and  ninety  seven  miles;  tho 
inconvenience  to  which  his  Excellency  would  be  subjected  waa, 
consequently,  very  limited  in  duration;  and  much  additional 
expedition  in  the  despatch  of  r?lief  might  be  expected  from  his 
personal  exertions  at  Batavia.  The  stock  of  liquors  and  provis- 
ions furnished  to  the  boats  was  necessarily  very  small,  and  only 
sufficient  on  very  short  allowance  to  support  existence  for  four  or 
five  days;  only  seven  gallona  of  water  could  be  spared  for  the 
whole  party,  consisting  of  forty-seven  persons;  but  they  were 
fortunately  visited  by  a  heavy  fall  of  rain  on  the  day  after  their 
departure,  which  more  than  supplied  the  place  of  what  had  already 
been  expended. 

The  number  left  behind  waa  two  hundred  men  and  boys  and 
one  woman.  The  first  measure  of  Captain  Maxwell,  after  fixing 
a  party  to  dig  a  well  in  a  spot  which  was  judged,  from  a  combina> 
4lon  of  circumstances,  the  most  likely  .o  find  water,  watf  to  remova 
our  bivouac  to  the^p  of  the  hill,  where  we  could  breathe  a  cooler 
and  purer  air,  a  place,  in  all  respects,  not  only  better  adapted  to 
the  prqservotion  of  our  health,  but  to  our  defence  in  cose  of  at- 
tack. A  path  was  cut  upwards,  and  a  party  employed  in  clearing 
away  and  setting  fire  to  the  underwood  on  the  summit.  This  lost 
operation  tended  much  to  free  us  from  myriads  of  ants,  and  of 
anakea,  scorpions,  centipedes,  nnd  other  reptiles,  which,  in  such 
a  place  and  climate,  generally  abound.  Others  were  employed 
in  removing  upwards  our  small  stock  of  provisions,  which  were 
deposited,  under  a  strict  guard,  in  a  sort  of  natural  magazine, 
funned  by  the  tumbling  together  of  some  huge  masses  of  rock  on 
the  highest  part  of  this  eminence.  On  board  the  wreck  a  party 
was  stationed,  aDdeavoriog  to  gain  any  accession  they  could  to 

35» 


#1 


TM  mm  «f  TM  AMMfl. 


dor  itoek  of  proTidons  and  anna,  and  to  tare  anj  public  itof«* 
that  could  be  found.  There  was  a  communication  for  this  purpoaa 
between  the  shore  and  the  ship  whenever  the  tide  permitted 
For  the  last  two  days  every  one  had  experienced  much  misery 
from  thirst;  a  small  cask  of  water  (the  only  one  which  could  be 
obtained  from  the  ship)  was  scarcely  equal  to  a  pint  each  in  the 
course  of  that  period;  and  perhaps  no  question  was  ever  so  anx- 
iously repeatea  as,  "  What  hope  from  the  well?"  About  eleven 
at  night  the  diggers  had  got,  by  rather  a  tortuous  direction,)  on 
account  of  large  stones,)  as  far  down  as  twenty  feet,  when  they 
came  to  a  clayey  or  marly  soil,  that  above  it  being  a  red  earth, 
which  seemed  rather  moist,  and  had  nothing  saline  in  the  taste. 
At  a  little  past  midnight,  a  bottle  of  muddy  water  was  brought  tb« 
captain  as  a  specimen ;  and,  the  moment  it  was  underftood  to  bei 
fresh,  the  rush  to  the  well  was  such  as  to  impede  the  workmen; 
therefore  it  became  necessary  to  plant  sentries  to  enable  them  to 
complete  their  task,  and  permit  the  water  to  settle  a  little.  For- 
tanately,  about  this  time  a  heavy  shower  of  rain  fell,  and,  by 
spreading  sheets,  tablecloths,  &c.,  and  wringing  them,  some  relief 
was  aiTordfd.  There  are  few  situations  in  which  men,  exposed 
without  shelter,  to  a  torrent  of  rain  would,  as  in  the  present  in- 
stance, hail  that  circumstance  as  a  blessing ;  bathing  in  the  sea 
was  also  resorted  to  by  many  in  order  to  drink  by  abiorption,  and 
they  fancied  it  afforded  relief. 

*' Thursday,  30th.  This  morning  the  Captain,  ordering  idl 
hands  together,  stated  to  them  in  a  few  words,  that  every  rnaii, 
by  the  regulations  of  the  navy,  was  as  liable  to  answer  for  his 
conduct  on  the  present  as  on  any  other  occasion;  that,  as  long 
as  he  lived,  the  same  discipline  should  be  exerted,  and,  if  neees^ 
■ary,  with  greater  rigor  than  on  board;  a  discipline  for  the  gene- 
ral welfare,  which  he  trusted  every  sensible  man  of  the  party  must 
•M  the  necessity  of  maintaining';  assuring  them,  at  the  same  time, 
ha  would  have  much  pleasure  in  recommending  those  wh«  dis- 
tinguished themselves  by  the  regularity  and  propriety  of  their 
ednduct;  that  the  provisions  we  had  been  able  to  save  should  be  ' 
served  out,  althoush  necessarily  with  a  very^paring  hand,  yet 
with  the  most  rigid  equality  to  all  ranks,  until  we  obtained  that 
ralief  which  he  trusted  would  soon  follow  the  arrival  of  Lord 
Amherst  at  Java. 

"  Duriflff  this  day  the  well  aflbrded  a  pint  of  water  for  each 
man;  it  had  a  sweetish  milk-and-water  tastOj  something  like  the 
juice  of  the  cocoa-nut,  but  nobody  found  fault  with'  it;  on  the 
contrary,  it  diffused  that  sort  of  happiness  which  only  they  can 
Ael  who  have  felt  the  horrible  sensation  of  thirst  under  a  vertical 
sun,  subject  at  the  same  time  to  a  harassing  and  fatiguing  dnty. 
This  day  was  employed  in  getting  up  every  thing  iVom  the  foot 
of  the  hill;  boats  paaiing  to  the  snip;  but,  unfortunately,  almoai 
•v«7  thing  of  r««l  value  to  ua  in  eui*  prusent  oaae,  wua  ondaf 


,Te  anr  public  fltoM* 

ition  for  this  purpoM 

tlie  tide  permitted 

ienced  much  misery 

one  which  could  be 

to  a  pint  each  in  the 

was  ever  so  anx» 

ell?"    About  eleven 

rtuous  direction,)  on 

enty  feet,  when  they 

it  being  a  red  earth, 

ng  saline  in  the  taste. 

water  was  brought  tb« 

was  underf'tood  to  bet 

impede  the  workmen; 

tries  to  enable  them  to 

to  settle  a  little.     For« 

of  rain  fell,  and,  by 

iging  them,  some  relief 

in  which  men,  exposed 

1,  as  in  the  present  in- 

ng;  bathing  in  the  sea 

irink  by  abiorption,  and 

I  Captain,  ordering  tA\ 
words,  that  every  maii, 
liable  to  answer  for  his 

occasion;  that,  as  long 
I  exerted,  and,  if  neee»- 

discipline  for  the  genii* 
le  man  of  the  party  must 

them,  at  the  same  time, 
nending  those  whtf  die- 
'  and  propriety  of  their 
1  able  to  save  should  be  ' 
very*kparing  hand,  yet 
I,  until  we  obtained  that 
>w  the  arrival  of  Lord 

,  pint  of  water  for  each 
astej  something  like  the 
d  fault  with'  it;  on  the 
»s  which  only  they  can 
of  thirst  under  a  vertical 
•ing  and  fatiguing  duty, 
very  thing  fVom  the  fboC 
It,  unfortunately,  almeal 
trVieat  oHe,  wM  tmimt 


TB»  bOtt  OV  TU  AMIfllS.  411 

water.  We  were  in  hopes,  however,  that,  ai  no  bad  wmUmt 
was  likely  to  happen,  we  might  be  enabled,  by  scuttling  at  lo# 
water,  or  by  bumiijg  her  upper  works,  to  acquire  many  uaaM 
articles. 

"  On  Friday  (21st)  the  party  stationed  at  the  ship  found  theoi* 
selves,  soon  after  daylight,  surrounded  by  a  number  of  Malqr 
proas,  apparently  well  armed,  and  full  of  men.  Without  a  singto 
sword  or  musket  for  defence,  they  had  just  time  to  throw  th«D» 
selves  into  the  boat  alongside,  and  push  for  the  shore,  chaaed  by 
the  pirates,  who,  finding  two  of  our  other  boats  push  out  to  their 
assistance,  returned  to  the  ship  and  took  possession  of  her.  Sooa' 
afterwards  it  was  reported,  from  the  look-out  rock,  that  the  wl^ 
ages,  armed  with  spears,  were  landing  at  a  point  about  two  niMl 
on.  Under  all  the  depressing  circumstances  attending  ship^rvdi 
—of  hunger,  thirst,  and  fatigue,  and  menaced  by  a  ruthless  fiM,- 
it  was  glorious  to  see  the  British  spirit  stanch  and  unsubdued. 
The  order  was  given  for  every  man  to  arm  himself  in  the  best  way 
he  could;  and  it  was  obeyed  with  the  utmost  promptitude  and 
alacrity.  Rude  pike-staves  were  formed,  by  cutting  down  young 
trees;  small  swords,  dirks,. knives,  chisels,  and  even  large  spike 
nails  sharpened,  were  firmly  affixed  to  the  ends  of  these  poles; 
and  those  who  could  find  nothing  better, '  hardened  the  end  of  the 
wood  in  the  fire,  and  bringing  it  to  a  sharp  point,  formed  a  tole- 
rable weapon.  There  wer^,  perhaps,  a  dozen  cutlasses;^  the 
marines  had  about  thirty  muskets  and  bayonets,  but  could  muster 
no  more  than  seventy-five  baill  cartridges  among  the  whole  party. 
We  had  fortunately  |i-.-eserved  some  loose  powder  drawn  from  tM 
upper  deck  guns  after  the  ship  had  struck,  (for  the  magazine  wae 
under  water  in  five  minutes,)  and  the  marines,  by  banunering 
their  buttons  round,  and  by  rolling  up  pieces  of  broken  bottles  ia 
cartridges,  did  their  best  to  supply  themselves  with  a  sort  of 
langrage  which  would  have  some  effect  at  close  quarters;  and 
strict^orders  were  given  not  to  throw  away  a  sinsle  snot  until  sure 
of  their  aim.  Mr.  Cheffy,  the  carpenter,  and  his  crew,  under  the 
direction  of  the  Captain,  were  busted  in  forming  a  sort  of  fAattia, 
by  fellinff  trees,  and  enclosing  in  a  circular  shape  the  around  we 
occupied;  and,  by  interweaving  loose  branches  with  the  stakes 
driven  in  among  these,  a  breastwork  was  constructed,  which 
afforded  us  some  cover,  and  must  naturally  impede  the  progreae 
of  any  enemy  unaupplied  with  artillery.  That  part  of  the  island 
we  had  landed  on  was  a  narrow  ridge,  not  above  a  musket  shot 
across,  bounded  on  one  side  by  the  sea,  and  on  the  other  by  a 
creek,  extending  upwards  of  a  mile  inland,  and  nearly  oommuni- 
eating  with  the  sea  at  its  head.  Our  hill  was  the  outer  point  of 
this  tongue,  and  its  shape  might  be  very  well  represented  by  an 
inverted  punch  bowl;  the  circle  on  which  the  bowl  stands  would 


tlien  show  the  fortification,  and  the  space  within  it  our  citadel. 
"  It  appeared  by  the  report  of  scouts,  a  short  time  after  i 


die 


4n 


TRC  toss  or  TBI  Avexvn. 


firat  account,  that  the  Malays  had  not  actually  landed,  but  had ~ 
taken  puaseasion  of  some  rockd  near  this  point,  on  which  thejr 
deposited  a  quantity  of  plunder  brought  from  the  ship;  and  during 
the  day  they  continued  making  those  predatory  trips. 

"  In  the  evening  all  hands  were  mustered  under  arms,  and  a  mot« 
ley  group  they  presented;  it  was  gratifying,  however,  to  observe, 
that,  rude  as  were  their  implements  of  defence,  there  seemed  to 
be  no  want  of  spirit  to  use  them,  if  occasion  offered.  The  officers 
and  men  were  now  marshalled  regularly  into  diflerent  divisions 
•nd  compiinies,  their  various  posts  assigned,  and  other  arrange- 
mmits  made.  An  officer  and  party  were  ordered  to  take  charge 
Mpbe  boats  for  the  night;  and  they  were  hauled  closer  into  the 
^Ming  place.  An  alurm  which  occurred  during  the  night  showed 
thebencht  of  these  regulations;  for,  on  a  sentry  challenging  • 
noise  among  the  bushes,  every  one  was  at  his  post  in  aa  instant, 
and  without  th§  least  confusion. 

"On  Saturday  morning,  (!22d,)  some  of  the  Malay  boats  ap« 
proached  the  place  where  ours  were  moored;  and,  with  the  view 
of  ascertaining  whether  tliey  had  any  inclination  to  communicate 
on  friendly  terms,  the  gig,  with  nil  officer  and  four  hands,  pulled 
gently  towards  them,  waving  the  bough  of  a  tree,  (a  general  sym- 
bol of  pence  nvery  where,)  showing  the  usual  demonstrations  of 
friendship,  and^of  a  desire  to  speak  to  them;  but  nil  was  vain,  for 
they  nvere  merely  reconnoitring  our  position,  and  immediately 
pulled  hack  to  their  rock. 

"The  second  Lieutenant  (Mr.  Hay)  was  now  ordered,  with 
the  barge,  cutter,  and  gig,  armed  in  the  best  way  we  could,  to 
proceed  to  the  ship,  and  regain  possessi  n  of  her,  either  by  lair 
means  or  by  force;  the  pirates  ntit  appearing  at  this  time  to  have 
morn  than  eighty  men.  Those  on  the  rocks,  seeing  our  boats  ap« 
pro-.ch,  threw  all  their  plunder  into  their  vessels  and  made  off. 

"  Two  of  their  largest  proas  were  now  at  work  on  the  ship; 
biit,  on  observing  their  comrades  abandon  the  rock,  and  the  ad- 
vance of  the  boats,  they  also  made  sail  away,  having  previously 
set  fire  to  the  ship;  which  they  did  so  efiectually,  that  in  a  few 
minutes  the  flames  burst  from  every  port,  and  she  was  enveloped 
hi  a  cloud  of  smoke.  The  boats  were  unable  to  board  her,  and 
theiefore  returned. 

"  Here  was  a  period  to  every  hope  of  accommodation  with  these 
people? — if,  indeed,  any  reasonable'hope  could  ever  have  been  en- 
tertained on  that  head.  The  Malays,  more  especially  those  wan- 
dering and  piratical  tribes  who  roam  about  the  coasts  of  Borneo, 
Billiton,  and  the  wilder  parts  of  Sumatra,  are  a  race  of  savages, 
perhaps  the  most  merciless  and  inhuman  to  be  found  in  any  part 
of  the  world.  The  Btttas  are  literally  cannibils.  In  setting  fire 
to  the  ship,  they  gaVe  a  decided  proof  of  their  disposition  toward! 
us;  but,  although  certainly  with  no  good  intientioti,  they  did  mere- 
Ijr  what  .we  intended  to  do;  for,  by  burning  her  upper  worki  and 


Ik. 

My  landed,  but  had" 
)int,  on  which  thejr 
Ithe  ship;  and  during 
ry  trips. 

ider  arms,  and  a  mot« 
owever,  to  observe, 
nee,  there  seemed  to 
ifered.  The  officers 
to  dilTerent  divisions 
,  and  other  arrange- 
ered  to  take  charse 
auled  closer  into  the 
iring  the  night  showed 
sentry  challenging  a 
lis  post  in  an  instant, 

the  Malay  boats  ap- 
d;  and,  with  the  view 
at  ion  to  communicate 
und  four  handa,  pulled 
a  tree,  (a  general  syni* 
ual  demonstrations  of 
r,  but  all  was  vain,  for 
ition,  and  immediately 

was  now  ordered,  Mith 
best  way  we  could,  to 
n  of  her,  either  by  lair 
ing  at  this  time  to  have 
ks,  seeing  our  boats  ap- 
vesaels  and  made  off. 
'  at  work  on  the  ship; 
1  the  rock,  and  the  ad< 
way,  having  previously 
'ectually,  that  in  a  few 
and  she  was  enveloped 
able  to  board  her,  and 

commodation  with  theie 
ould  ever  have  been  ea- 
re  especially  those  wan- 
t  the  coanls  of  Borneo, 
,  are  a  race  of  savagps, 
to  be  found  in  any  part 
nnibtls.  In  settmg  fire 
their  disposKion  towarda 
ntentioti,  they  did  mere- 
ig  her  upper  works  and 


nn  MIS  or  m  Atcitn. 


417 


decks,  erery  thing  buoyant  could  float  up  from  below,  and  be  more 
easilylaid  hold  of. 

"  The  ship  continued  burning  during  the  whole  of  the  night; 
and  the  flames,  which  could  be  seen  through  the  openings  of  the 
trees,  shed  a  melancholy  glare   around,  and   excited  the  most 
mournful  ideas.     This  night,  also,  all  hands  were  suddenly  under 
arms  again,  from  a  marine  firing  hb  musket  at  what  he  very 
properly  considered  a  suspicious  character  near  his  post,  who  ap* 
peered  advancing  upon  him,  and  refused  to  answer  filer  being 
repeatedly  hailed.     It  turned  out  afterwards  that  the  b|;anch  ofM 
tree,  half  cut  through  the  day  before,  had  given  away,  under  o||^ 
of  a  race  of  large  baboons,  which  we  founaabout  this  time  dispuPt  \ 
ed  the  possession  of  the  island  with  us.    At  the  well,  where  tbdp 
generally  was  kept  a  good  tire  at  night,  on  account  of  the  mosquikr^^ 
toes,  the  sentries  had  more  than  once  been  alarmed  by  theee 

fentlemeh  showing  their  black  faces  from  behind  the  trees.  They 
ecame.so  exceedingly  troublesome  to  some  ducks  we  had  saved 
from  the  wreck,  (seizing  and  carrying  them  up  the  trees,  and 
letting  them  fall  down  again  when  alarmed.)  that  on  several  occa- 
sions they  left  their  little  yard,  and  came  up  among  the  people, 
when  the  monkeys  got  among  them;  thus  instinctively  preferring 
the  society  of  man  tor  protection. 

"On  Sunday  morning,  (23d,)  the  boats  were  sent  to  the  still 
smoking  wreck;  and  some  flour,  a  few  cases  of  wine,  and  a  cask 
of  beer,  had  floated  up.  This  last  God-send  v/as  announced  just 
at  the  conclusion  of  divine  service,  which  was  this  morning  held 
in  the  mess-tent;  and  a  pint  was  ordered  to  bo  immediately  served 
out  to  each  man,  which  called  forth  three  cheers.  This  secnu  to 
bo  the  only  style  in  which  a  British  seaman  can  give  vent  to  the 
warmer  feelings  of  his  heart.  It  is  his  mode  of  thanksgiving  fcr 
benefits  received;  and  it  equally  serves  him  to  honor  his  friend, 
to  defy  his  enemy,  or  to  proclaim  victory.  This  day  we  continued 
improving  our  fence,  -and  clearing  away  a  glacis  i:nmediately 
around  it,  that  we  might  see  and  have  fair  play  with  those  bdrbari- 
ans,  should  they  approach.  They  had  retired  behind  a  little  islet, 
called  Pulo  Chalacca,  or  Misfortune's  Isle,  about  two  miles  from 
us,  and  seemed  waiting  there  for  reiilforcements;  for  some  of  their 
party  had  made  s.ail  towards  Billiton. 

"Monday  morning,  (24,)  the  boats,  as  yesterday,  went  to  the 
wreck,  and  returned  with  some  casks  of  flour,  only  partially  dam* 
aged;  a  few  cases  of  wine,  and  about  forty  boarding  pikes,  with 
eighteen  muskets,  were  also  laid  hold  of.  With  the  loose  powder 
secured  out  of  the  great  guns  in  the  first  ioEitancc,  Mr.  Holman, 
the  gunner,  had  been  actively  employed  forming  musket-car- 
tridges; and  by  melting  down  some  pewter  basins  and  jugs,  with 
a  small  Quantity  of  lead  lately  obtained  from  the  wreck,  balls  were 
east  in  ofay  moulds,  iBcreasing  not  a  little  our  confidence  and  se- 
eiurit/.    A  quart  of  water  each  had  been  our  daily  aUowoaoe  firon 


411 


«n  toM  w  -m  AMiitt. 


^*^. 


die  well  hitherto;  and  on  this  day  a  Mcond  was  completed  new 
the  foot  of  the  hill  in  another  direction,  which  not  only  supplied 
dearer  water,  but  in  greater  plenty ;  and  we  could  now,  without 
restriction,  indulg-e  in  the  luxury  of  a  long  drink — not  caring  even 
to  excite  thirst,  in  order  to  enjoy  that  luxury  in  a  higher  perfec- 
tion. 

"On  Tuesday,  (25th,)  the  boats  made  their  usual  trip;  some 
more  cases  of  wine,  and  a  few  boarding-pikes,  were  obtained, 
both  excellent  articles  in  their  way,  in  the  hands  of  men  who  ",  3 
inclined  to  entertain  either  their  friends  or  their  foes.  On  shore 
we  were  employed  completins  the  paths  to  the  wells,  and  felling 
trtes  which  intercepted  our  view  of  the  sea. 

*'  Wednesday  (26th,)  at  daylight,  two  of  the  pirate  proas,  with 
each  a  canoe  astern,  were  discovered  close  in  with  the  cove  where 
our  boats  were  moored.  Lieutenant  Hay,  (a  strnight-fortvard 
sort  of  a  fellow,)  who  had  the  guard  that  night  at  the  boats,  ond 
of  course  slept  in  them,  immediatejy  dashed  at  the  iMnlays  with 
the  barge,  cutter,  and  gig.  On  perceiving  this,  they  cut  ..  nilt 
their  canoes,  and  made  all  sail,  chased  by  our  boats.  They  rntiier 
distanced  the  cutter  and  gig,  but  the  barge  gained  upon  ttiem. 
On  closing,  the  Malaya  evinced  every  sign  of  defiance,  placing 
themselves  in  the  most  threatening  atthudes.  and  firing  their  swivels 
at  the  barge.  This  was  returned  by  Mr.  Hay  with  the  only  mus- 
ket he  had  in  the  boat;  and,  as  they  closed  nearer,  the  Malays 
eommenced  throwing  their  javelins  and  darts,  several  falling  into 
the  barge,  but  without  wounding  any  of  the  men.  Soon  aAer 
they  were  grappled  by  our  fellows,  when  three  of  them  having 
been  shot,  and  a  fourth  knocked  down  .with  the  but-end  cf  the 
musket,  five  more  jumped  overboard  and  drowned  themselves, 
(evidently  disdo.inin<;  quarter,)  and  two  were  taken  prisoners,  one 
of  whom  was  severely  wounded.  This  close  style  of  fighting  is 
termed  by  seamen  man-handling  an  enemy. 

"  The  Malays  had  taken  some  measures  to  sink  their  proa,  for 
■he  went  down  almost  immediately.  Nothing  could  exceed  the  des 
perete  ferocity  of  these  people.  One  who  had  been  shot  through 
the  body,  but  who  was  not  quite  dead,  on  being  removed  into  the 
bai^e,  with  a  view  of  saving  him,  (as  his  own  vessel  was  sinking,) 
Airiously  grasped  a  cdtlass  which  came  within  his  reach ;  a:'.u  it 
was  not  without  a  struggle  wrenched  from  his  hand ;  he  died  in 
a  few  minutes.  The  consort  of  this  proa,  firing  a  parting  shot, 
bore  up  round  the  north  end  of  the  island  and  escaped.  Their 
canoe**  (which  we  found  very  useful  to  us,)  were  also  brought  on 

*"  Ourini  th«  tlm«  the  boat*  were  nbaant  In  chMe,  Mr.  Fiaher,  anxloai  to  ««enr»  ana  of 
tki  arnoM,  which  wnn  drifting  put  with  the  eurreiH,  (wam  out  towardi  it.    When  within  t 


t.dlManee  of  hia  object,  an  enormona  ahark  waa  aeen  botrarlug  near  him,  eroiainirand 
fMfoaalnf,  aa  they  are  aoaietimea  obaervad  to  tlo  before  making  a  aeiiiire.  .To  hava  ealied 
cat  might  probably  have  unnerved  him,  (for  he  waa  uneonwioua  of  hiaaituation;)  and  it  waa 
•wotvad  10  tot  him  proceed  witboal  remark  to  the  caaoe,  whieb  waa  tbe  neareal  point  of 
iMurlty.  Happily  be  aueeeeded  In  aatting  aafbly  iato  Itt  wbilat  the  ahatk,  by  hIa  lo*  loag 
May,  lOitA  T«iy  wboleceme  breakfliat.'* 


r*»  completed  new 

111  not  only  eupplied 

J  could  now,  without 

Ink — not  caring  even 

■  in  a  higher  perfec- 

^eir  usual  trip;  some 

kes,  were  obtained, 

knds  of  men  who  r  9 

Jlieir  foes.     On  shore 

Jhe  wells,  and  felling 

he  pirat©  proas,  with 
n  with  the  cove  where 
(a  strnight-forward 
ght  at  the  boats,  and 
d  at  the  Malays  with 
this,  they  cut  ..  nirt 
ir  boats.  They  radier 
;e  gained  upon  them. 
J  of  defiance,  placing 

iand  firi.ig  their  swivels 
lay  with  the  only  mus- 
fd  nearer,  the  Malays 
rts,  several  falling  into 
the  men.  Soon  afier 
three  of  them  having 
ith  the  but-end  ef  the 
i  drowned  themselves, 
re  taken  prisoners,  one 
ose  style  of  fighting  is 

3  to  sink  their  proa,  for 
ig  could  exceed  the  dcs 
had  been  shot  through 
lieing  removed  into  the 
vn  vessel  was  sinking,) 
ithin  his  reach;  a;;d  it 
n  his  hand ;  he  died  in 
,  firing  a  parting  shot, 
i  and  escaped.  Their 
,)  were  also  brought  on 

riaher,  anxloui  to  ««eiir»  ana  of 
out  lownrdi  it.  When  witbin  a 
bom'tug  iienr  him,  eroiiinr  and 
lilng  a  aeiiiire.  ,To  hava  eatlad 
:iou>  of  hiaiituatlon;)  and  It  wat 
irliieh  wa«  tiM  nearait  point  of 
rhUM  the  itaaik,  by  bia  io«  loii| 


nn  MM  w  Tn  AMntV; 


«• 


shore,  containing  several  articles  of  plunder  from  the  ibip.  ■  Thej 
appeared  to  be  the  two  identical  proas  which  set  fire  to  her.  The 
prisoners,  (the  one  rather  elderly,  the  other  young,)  when  brought 
on  shore,  seemed  to  have  no  hope  of  being  permitted  to  live,  and 
sullenly  awaited  their  fate;  but,  on  the  wounds  of  the  younger 
being  dressed,  the  hands  of  the  other  untied,  and  food  offered  to 
them,  with  other  marks  of  kindness,  they  became  more  cheerful, 
and  appeared  especially  gratified  at  seeing  one  of  their  dead 
companions,  who  had  been  brought  on  shore,  decently  buried. 

"  The  Malays  are  a  people  of  very  unprepossessing  aspect  r 
their  bodies  of  a  deep  bronze  color;  their  black  teeth  and  reddened 
lips,  (from  chewing  the  beetle-nut  and  siri,)  their  gaping  nostrils, 
and  lank  clotted  hair  hanging  about  their  shoulders  and  over 
their  scowling  countenances,  give  them  altogether  a  fiendlike  and 
murderous  look.  They  are  likewise  an  unjoyous  race,  and  seldom 
smile. 

"  The  state  of  one  of  the  wounds  received  by  the  Malay,  (his 
knee  joint  being  penetrated,  and  the  bones  much  imured,)  would 
have  justified,  more  particularly  in  this  kind  of  field  practice, 
amputation ;  but,  on  consideration  that  it  would  be  impossible  to 
convince  him  of  this  being  done  with  the  intention  of  benefitting 
him,  and  might  have  the  appearance  of  torture,  which  it  was  not 
improbable  might  suggest  tne  idea  of  amputation  and  other  opera- 
tions to  them,  in  the  event  of  any  or  all  of  us  falling  into  their 
hands,  it  was  determined  to  try  the  effect  of  a  good  constitution, 
and  careful  attention.  A  little  wigwam  was  buUt,  and  a  blanket 
and  other  comforts  given  to  him,  his  comrade  bein^  appointed  his 
cook  and  attendant.  They  refused  at  first  the  provisions  we  offer* 
ed  them ;  but,  on  giving  tnem  some  rice  to  prepare  in  their  owb 
way,  they  seemed  satisfied.  Never  expecting  quarter  when  over> 
powered  in  their  piratical  attempts,  and  having  been  generalljr 
tortured  when  taken  alive,  may  account  for  the  others  arowniog 
themselves. 

"  In  the  forenoon,  immediately  after  this  rencounter,  fonrte«!ii> 
proas  and  smaller  boats  appeared  standins  across  from  the  Bancs 
side;  and  soon  after  they  anchored  behind  Pulo  Chalacca.  Sev- 
eral of  their  people  landed,  and  carrying  up  some  bundles  on  their 
shoulders,  left  them  in  (he  wood,  and  returned  for  more.  We  had 
some  hope  from  the  direction  in  which  they  first  appeared,  as  well 
as  their  anchorini;  at  that  spot,  (the  rentiezvous  agreed  upon  at 
the  departure  of  Lord  Amherst,)  that  they  might  have  been  sent 
from  Batavia  to  our  relief 

"  The  small  flag,  belonging  to  the  embassy,  was  brought  down 
and  displayed  on  the  look-out  rock;  the  stransers  each  immediateir 
hoisted  some  flag  at  their  mast-heads.  Anxious  to  know  still 
more  about  them,  Mr.  Sykes  was  allowed  to  advance  with  th^ 
union-jack,  accompanied  bjrsome  more  of  the  young  gentlemen, 
along  the  strand,  to  a  considerable  distance;  and  soon  after  sotAtI 


_^inill^lM  I  rl 


4M 


TBB  LOSS  or  TBI  ALOEtTt. 


of  their  partj,  with  a  flag,  set  o<rto  meet  them.  As  they  mutually 
approached,  the  Malays  dropped  a  little  in  the  rear  of  their  flag- 
bearer,  and  laid  down  their  arms;  ours  also  fell  astern,  and  the 
two  ancients,  (or  color  men,)  wading  into  a  creek  which  separa- 
te^  them,  cautiousty  met  each  other.  The  Malay  salamed  a  good 
deal;  many  fine  Yorkshire  bowu  were  made  on  the  other  side; 
shaking  hands  was  the  next  ceremony,  and  then,  joining  flags, 
they  walked  up  arm  and  arm  to  the  place  where  the  Captain  and 
several  others  were  stationed.  Satisfied  now  that  they  must  be 
friends  sent  to  our  assistance,  they  were  welcomed  with  cheers,  and 
every  countenance  was  gladdened.  But  our  joy  was  of  short 
duration;  for  although  their  flag  was  laid  submissively  at  tho 
Captain's  feet,  and  all  were  sutficiently  civil  in  their  deportment, 
yet  they  turned  out  to  be  mere  wanderers,  employed  in  gathering 
a  sort  of  seaweed,  found  on  the  coast  of  these  (but  in  still  greater 
abundance  among  the  Pelew)  islands,  said  by  some  to  be  an  article 
of  commerce  with  the  Chinese  epicures,  who  use  it  like  the  bird- 
nests  in  their  soups.  Ail  this  was  made  out  chiefly  by  signs,  ad- 
ded to  a  few  Malay  words  which  some  understood. 

"  Mr.  Hay,  with  his  division  armed,  proceeded  down  to  their 
anchorage,  himself  and  some  other  officers  going  on  board  with 
their  Rajah,  as  they  styled  him,  who  expressed  a  great  desire  to 
see  the  Captain  on  board,  and  sent  him  a  present  of  a  piece  of 
fish  and  some  cocoa-nut  milk.  During  the  night  many  schemes 
were  proposed  as  to  the  best  mode  of  negotiating  with  these  peo- 
ple. Some  thought  that,  by  the  hope  of  reward,  they  might  be 
induced  to  carry  part  of  us  to  Java,  and  our  four  remaining  boat* 
would  then  be  equal  to  the  conveyance  of  the  rest.  Others,  ad- 
verting to  the  treacherous  conduct  of  the  Malays,  and  the  great 
temptation  to  murder  us  when  in  their  power,  from  that  sort  of 
property  still  in  our  possession,  and  '.o  them  of  great  value,  con- 
sidered it  safest  to  seize  upon  and  disarm  them,  carrying  ourselves 
to  Batavia,  and  then  moat  amply  to  remunerate  them  for  any  in- 
convenience they  might  have  sustained  from  being  pressed  into 
the  service. 

••  The  morning  of  Thursday,  the  27th,  however,  perfectly  re- 
lieved us  from  any  further  discussion  on  the  subject,  the  Rpjah  and 
his  suite  having  proceeded  to  plunder  the  wreck,  which  by  this 
time  they  had  espied.  It  is  probable  they  were  not  certain  of  our 
real  situation  on  the  first  evening,  but  might  have  supposed,  from 
seeing  the  uniforms,  colors,  and  other  military  appearance,  that 
some  settlement,  as  at  Minto,  in  the  island  of  Banca,  had 
been  established  there ;  and  this  may  also  account  for  their  civility 
in  the  first  instance;  for,  from  the  moment  their  harpy-like  spirit 
was  excited  by  the  wreck,  and  they  saw  our  real  condition,  there 
were  no  more  ofl^erings  offish  or  of  cocoa-nut  milk. 

"  To  have  sent  the  boats  openly  to  attack  them  was  judged  iir.- 
politic;  it  would  oidy  have  driven  tbem  off  for  a  moment,  and  put 


TBI  UMI  or  TBI  ALcnn. 


As  they  mutually 
rear  of  their  flag- 
11  astern,  and  the 
jek  which  separa- 
lay  aalamed  a  good 
n  the  other  side; 
[hen,  joining  flags, 
e  the  Captain  and 
that  they  must  be 
led  with  cheers,  and 
joy  was  of  short 
iubinissively  at  the 
in  their  deportment, 
ployed  in  gathering 
(but  in  still  greater 
some  to  be  an  article 
use  it  like  the  bird- 
chiefly  by  signs,  ad- 
rstood. 

ceded  down  to  their 
going  on  board  with 
.ed  a  great  desire  to 
present  of  a  piece  of 
night  many  schemei 
jating  with  these  peo- 
[eward,  they  might  be 
four  remaining  boats 
the  rest.     Others,  ad- 
Vlalays,  and  the  great 
«rer,  from  that  sort  of 
n  of  great  value,  con- 
em,  carrying  ourselves 
srate  them  for  any  in- 
>m  being  pressed  into 

liowever,  perfectly  re- 
I  subject,  the  Rajah  and 
wreck,  which  by  thii 
were  not  certain  of  our 
ht  have  supposed,  from 
litary  appearance,  that 
island  of  Banca,  had 
account  for  their  civility 
:  their  harpy-like  spirit 
iir  real  condition,  there 
nut  milk. 

:k  them  wan  judged  im- 
ffor  a  nutmeat,  and  put 


them  on  their  guard  against  surprise  by  night,  should  it  be  thought 
necessiry  in  a  day  or  two  to  do  so.  They  could  deprive  ua  of 
little ;  for  the  copper  bolts  and  iron  work,  which  they  were  now 
most  interested  about,  were  not  to  us  of  material  importance. 

"  We  had  the  day  before  moved  the  boats  into  another  cove, 
more  out  of  sight,  from  the  overspreading  branches  of  the  trees, 
and  safer  in  case  of  attack,  being  commanded  by  two  strong  little 
forts,  one  having  a  rude  draw-bt.Jge,  erected  on  the  rocks  imme- 
diately above  it,  and  wattled  in,  where  an  officer  and  piquet  were 
nightly  placed ;  and  a  new  serpentire  path  was  cut  down  to  this 
inlet,  communicating  with  our  main  position  aloft. 

"  On  Friday,  the  28th,  the  Malays  were  still  employed  on  the 
wreck.  A  boat  approached  us  in  the  forenoon ;  but,  on  the  gig 
going  out  to  meet  it,  they  refused  to  correspond,  and  returneoto 
their  party.  No  relief  having  appeared  from  Batavia,  and  the 
period  being  elapsed  at  which,  as  was  now  thought,  we  had  reason 
to  expect  it,  measures  were  taken,  by  repairing  the  launch  and 
constructing  a  fine  raft,  to  give  us  additional  powers  of  transport- 
ing ourselves  from  our  preseat  abode,  before  our  stock  of  provi- 
sions was  entirely  exhausted. 

"  On  SaturUay,  the  first  of  March,  the  Malays  acquired  a  great 
accession  of  strength,  by  the  arrival  of  fourteen  more  proas  from 
tho  northward,  probably  of  the  old  party,  who  joined  in  breaking 
up  the  remains  of  the  wreck. 

"  At  daylight,  on  Sundaythe  2d,  still  greater  force  having  join- 
ed them  during  the  night,  the  pirates,  leaving  a  number  at  work 
on  the  wreck,  advanced  with  upwards  of  twenty  of  their  heaviest 
vessels  towards  our  landing  place;  fired  one  of  their  patereroes; 
beat  their  gongs,  and,  making  a  hideous  yelling  noise,  they  an- 
chored in  a  line  about  a  cable's  length  from  our  cove.  We  were 
instantly  under  arms,  the  party  covering  the  boats  strengthened, 
and  scouts  sent  out  to  watch  their  motions,  as  some  of  their  boats 
bad  gone  up  the  creek,  at  the  back  of  our  position,  and  to  beat 
about,  lest  any  should  be  lying  in  ambush  from  the  land.  About 
this  time  the  old  Malay  prisoner,  who  was  under  charge  of  sentries 
at  the  well,  and  who  had  been  incautiously  trusted  by  them  to  cut 
some  wood  for  the  fire,  hearing  the  howling  of  his  tribe,  left  his 
wounded  comrade  to  shift  for  himself,  ran  oflTinto  the  ivood,  and 
escaped,  carrying  with  him  his  hatchet.  Finding,  after  waiting  a 
short  time  in  this  state  of  preparation,  that  they  made  no  attempt 
to  land,  an  officer  was  sent  a  little  outside  the  cove  in  a  canoe, 
waving  in  a  friendly  manner,  to  try  how  they  would  act.  After 
some  deliberation,  one  of  their  boats,  with  several  men  armed 
with  creeses,  or  their  crooked  daggers,  approached;  here,  as 
usual,  little  could  be  made  out,  except  a  display  of  their  maraud- 
ing spirit,  by  taking  a  fancy  to  the  shirt  and  trousers  of  one  of  the 
younff  gentlemen  in  the  cauoe;  but,  on  his  reiluiog  to  give  them 
dp,  tacy  used  oo  force. 
■  86 


.-  ..„?*'"«.«***>>■>■-.-. 


49!r 


TRB  LOIS  O^  TBI  AteitTB. 


"  A  letter  was  now  written,  and  addressed  to  the  chief  authority 
at  Minto,  a  small  settlement  on  the  north-west  point  of  Sanca, 
stating  the  situation  in  which  we  were  placed,  and  requesting  him 
to  forward,  if  in  his  power,  one  or  two  small  vessels  to  us,  with  a 
little  bread  and  salt  provisions,  and  some  ammunition.  Again  the 
officer  went  out  in  the  canoe,  and  was  again  met  by  the  Malay 
boat.  This  letter  was  given  to  them,  the  word  Minto  repeatedly 
pronounced,  which  they  seemed  to  understand,  the  direction 
pointed  out,  and  signs  made  that  on  their  return  with  an  answer 
they  should  be  rewarded  with  abundance  of  dollars,  showing  them 
one  as  a  specimen.  This  was  done  more  to  try  them,  than  with 
any  hope  rf  their  performing  the  servive ;  for,  although  a  boat 
went  dowL  to  Pulo  Chalacca,  where  they  appeared  to  have  some- 
body in  superior  authority,  yet  none  took  the  direction  of  Banca. 
Meantime  their  force  rapidly  increased,  their  proas  and  boats  of 
different  sizes  amounting  to  fifty.  Tlie  larger  had  from  sixteen  to 
twenty  men,  the  smaller  about  seven  or  cignt;  so  that,  averaging 
them  at  the  lowest,  ten  each,  they  had  fully  five  hundred  men. 
The  wreck  seemed  now  nearly  exhafisted,  and  appeared  to  be  a 
very  secondary  object,  knowing  the  chief  booty  must  be  in  our 
possession;  and  they  blockaded  us  with  increased  rigor,  drawing 
closer  into  the  cove,  more  especially  at  hizh  water,  fearful  lest  our 
boats,  being  afloat  at  that  period,  should  push  out  and  escape 
them.  In  the  afternoon  some  uf  the  Rajah's  people,  whom  we  at 
first  considered  our  friends,  made  their  appearance,  as  if  seeking 
a  parley ;  and  on  communicating  with  them,  gave  us  to  under- 
stand by  signs,  and  as  many  words  as  could  be  made  out,  that  all 
the  Malays,  except  their  party,  were  extremely  hostile  to  ua;  that 
it  was  their  determination  to  attack  us  that  night,  and  urging  also 
that  some  of  their  people  should  sleep  up  the  hill,  in  order  to  pro- 
tect us.  Their  former  conduct  and  present  connexions  displayed 
■u  evidently  the  treachery  of  this  oner,  that  it  is  needless  to  say 
that  it  was  rejected ;  giving  them  to  understand  we  could  trust  to 
ourselves.  They  immediately  returned  to  their  gang,  who  cer- 
tainly assumed  a  most  menacing  attitude.  In  the  evening,  when 
the  officers  and  men  were  assembled  as  usual  under  arms,  m  order 
to  inspect  them,  and  settle  the  watches  for  the  night,  the  Captain 
spoke  to  them  with  much  animation,  almost  verbatim  as  follows ; 

"  '  My  lads,  you  must  all  have  observed  this  day,  ns  well  as  my- 
self, the  great  increase  of  the  enemy's  force — for  enemies  we  must 
now  consider  them — and  the  threatening  posture  they  have  assum- 
ed. I  have,  on  various  grounds,  strong  reasoft  to  believe  they  will 
attack  us  this  night.  I  do  not  wish  to  conceal  our  real  state,  be- 
cause I  think  there  is  not  a  man  here  who  is  afraid  to  face  any 
•ort  of  danger.  We  are  now  strongly  fenced  in,  and  our  position 
is  in  all  respects  so  good,  that,  armed  as  we  are,  we  ought  to 
make  a  formidable  defence  against  even  regular  troops;  what,  then, 
would  be  thought  of  us  if  we  allowed  ourselves  to  bo  surprised 


|thc  chief  authority 
3t  point  of  Sanca, 
md  requesting  him 
:8sels  to  U3,  with  a 
inition.     Again  the 
met  by  the  Malay 
|d  Minto  repeatedly 
and,  the   direction 
urn  with  an  answer 
•liars,  showing  them 
try  them,  than  with 
)r,  although  a  boat 
eared  to  have  some- 
direction  of  Banca. 
r  proas  and  boats  of 
r  had  from  sixteen  to 
;  so  that,  averaging 
y  five  hundred  men. 
ind  appeared  to  be  a 
booty  must  be  in  our 
reased  rigor,  drawing 
water,  fearful  lest  our 
push  out  and  escape 
's  people,  whom  we  at 
earance,  as  if  seeking 
im,  gave  us  to  under- 
d  be  made  out,  that  all 
mely  hostile  to  us;  that 
night,  and  urging  also 
ae  hill,  in  order  to  pro- 
t  connexions  displayed 
at  it  is  needless  to  say 
stand  we  could  trust  to 
)  their  gang,  who  cftr- 
In  the  evening,  when 
iial  under  arms,  m  order 
•  the  night,  the  Captain 
)st  verbatim  as  follows; 
this  day,  as  well  as  my- 
:e — for  enemies  we  must 
losture  they  have  assum- 
lasoA  to  believe  they  will 
iceal  our  real  state,  be- 
ho  is  afraid  to  face  any 
iced  in,  and  our  position 
13  we  are,  we  ought  to 
jular troops;  what, then, 
urselves  to  bo  Burprised 


nnk  LOSS  or  trb  ALeists. 


by  a  set  of  naked  savages,  with  their  spears  and  creeies?  It  la 
true  they  have  swivels  m  their  boats,  but  they  cannot  act  here ;  I 
have  not  observed  that  they  have  any  matchlocks  or  muskets;  but 
if  they  have,  so  have  we.  I  do  not  wish  to  deceive  you  as  to  the 
means  of  resistance  in  our  power.  When  we  were  first  thrown  to- 
gether on  shore,  we  were  almost  defenceless;  only  seventy-five  ball 
cartridges  could  be  mustered;  we  have  now  sixteen  hundred. 
They  cannot,  I  believe,  send  up  more  than  five  hundred  men;  but 
with  two  hundred  such  as  now  stand  around  me,  I  do  not  fear  a 
thousand,  nay,  fiAeen  hundred  of  them.  I  have  the  fullest  confi- 
dence we  shall  beat  them;  the  pikemen  standing  firm,  we  can 
give  them  such  a  volley  of  musketry  as  they  will  be  little  prepar- 
ed for ;  and  when  we  find  they  are  thrown  into  confusion,  we  will 
sally  out  among  them,  chase  them  into  the  water,  and  ten  to  one 
but  we  secure  their  vessels.  Let  every  man,  therefore,  be  on  the 
alert,  with  his  arms  in  his  hands,  and  should  these  barbarians  this 
night  attempt  our  hill,  I  trust  we  shall  conviribe  them  that  they 
are  dealing  with  Britons.' 

"  Perhaps  three  jollier  hurrahs  were  never  given  than  at  the 
conclusion  of  this  short  but  well-timed  address.  The  woods  fairly 
echoed  again ;  whilst  the  piquet  at  the  cove,  and  those  stationed 
at  the  wells,  the  instant  it  caught  their  ear,  instinctively  joined 
their  sympathetic  cheers  to  the  general  chorus. 

"  There  was  something  like  unity,  and  concord  in  such  a  sound, 
(one  neither  resembling  the  feeble  shout  nor  savage  yell,)  which, 
rung  in  the  ears  of  theno  gentlemen,  no  doubt  had  its  enect;  for 
about  this  time  (8  P.  M.)  they  were  observed  making  signals  with 
lights  to  some  of  their  tribe  behind  the  islet.  If  ever  seamen  or 
marines  had  a  strong  inducement  to  fight,  it  was  on  the  present 
occasion,  for  every  thing  conduced  to  animate  them.  The  feeling 
excited  by  a  savage,,  cruel,  and  inhocpitable  asgression  on  the 
part  of  the  Malays — an  aggression  adding  calamity  to  misfortune 
— roused  every  mind  to  a  spirit  of  just  revenge;  and  the  appeal 
now  made  to  them  on  the  score  of  national  character  was  not  likely 
to  let  that  feeling  cool.  That  they  might  come,  seemed  to  be  ^he 
anxious  wish  of  every  heart.  After  a  slender  but  cheerful  repast, 
the  men  laid  down  as  usual  on  their  arms,  whilst  the  Captain  re- 
mained with  those  on  guard  to  superintfcnd  his  arrangements.  An 
alarm  during  the  night  showed  the  eflfect  of  preparation  on  the 
people's  minds,  for  ail,  like  lightning,  were  at  their  posts,  and  re- 
turned growling  and  disappointed  because  the  alarm  was  false. 
'  "  Dayligb^  on  Monday  the  3d,  discovered  the  pirates  exactly 
in  the  same  position  in  front  of  us ;  ten  more  vessels  having  joined 
them  during  the  night,  making  their  number  now  at  least  six  hun- 
dred men.  The  plot  beean  to  thicken,  and  our  situation  oecame 
hourly  more  critical.  Their  force  rapidly  accumulating,  and  our 
little  stock  of  provisions  dailjr  shortening,  rendered  some  des- 
perate measure  immediately  necessary. 


m 


m  loti  or  m  aicmti. 


"That  which  seemed  most  feasible  was,  by  a  sudden  night 
attack,  with  our  four  boats  well  armed,  to  carry  by  boardins  some 
of  their  vessels;  and,  by  manning  them,  repeat  our  attack  with 
increased  force,  taking  morn,  or  dispersing  them.  The  possession 
of  some  of  their  proas,  in,  addition  to  our  own  boats,  taking  into 
consideration  that  our  numbers  would  be  thinned  on  the  occasion, 
might  enable  us  to  shove  off  for  Java,  in  defiance  of  them.  Any 
attempt  to  move  on  a  raft,  with  their  vessels  playing  round  it  arm- 
ed with  swivels,  was  evidently  impossible.  Awtiil  as  our  situation 
now  was,  and  every  hour  becoming  more  so,  starvation  staring  us 
in  the  face  on  one  hand,  and  without  a  hope  of  mercy  from  the 
lavages  on  the  other,  yet  were  there  no  symptoms  of  depression, 
or  gloomy  despair ;  every  mind  seemed  buoyant;  and,  ifanyea- 
lioiate  of  the  general  feeling  could  be  collected  from  countenances, 
from  the  manner  and  expressions  of  all,  there  appeared  to  be  form- 
ed in  every  breast  n  calm  determination  to  dash  at  them,  and  be 
juecessful;  ^,t  to  (jail,  as  became  men,  in  the  attemjit  to  be  free 

"  About  noon  on  this  day,  whilst  schemes  and  proposals  were 
lying  about,  as  to  the  mode  of  executing  the  measures  in  view, 
Mr.  Johnstone,  ever  on  the  alert,  who  had  mounted  the  look-out- 
iree,  one  of  the  loftiest  on  the  summit  of  our  hill,  descried  a  sail  at 
A gieat  distance  to  the  southward,  which  he  thought  larger  than  a 
JVla!ay  vessel.  The  buzz  of  conversation  was  in  a  moment  hush- 
Ad,  ahd  every  eye  fixed  anxiously  on  the  tree  for  the  next  report; 
a  signal-man  and  telescope  being  instantly  sent  up.  She  waa  now 
lost  sight  of  from  a  dark  squall  overspreading  that  part  of  the 
horiEon;  but,  in  about  twenty  minuteti,  she  emerged  from  the  cloud, 
and  was  decidedly  announced  to  be  a  square-rigged  vessel.  '  Ai  > 
you  quite  sure  of  that?'  was  eagerly  inquired.  '  Quite  certain,' 
was  the  reply;  '  it  is  either  a  ship  or  a  brig,  standing  towards  the 
island  under  all  sail.'  The  joy  this  happy  sisht  infused,  and  the 
gratitude  of  every  heart  at  this  prospect  of  deliverance,  may  be 
more  easily  conceived  than  described.  It  occasioned  a  audden 
transition  of  the  mind  from  one  train  of  thinking  to  another;  as  if 
wakins  from  a  disagreeable  dream.  We  immediately  displayed 
our  colors  on  the  highest  branch  of  the  tree,  to  attract  attention,  lest 
she  should  only  be  a  passing  stranger. 

"The  pirates  soon  after  this  discovered  the  ship,  (a  signal  hav- 
ing been  made  with  a  gun  by  those  anchored  behind  Pulo  Chal- 
acca,)  which  occasioned  an  evident  stir  among  them.  As  the 
water  waa  ebbing  tasi,  it  was  thought  possible,  by  an  unexpected 
rush  out  to  the  edge  of  the  reef,  to  get  some.of  them  under  fire, 
and  secure  them.  They  seemed,  however,  to  have  suspected  our 
purpose;  for  the  moment  the  seamen  and  marines  appeared  from 
under  ihe  mangroves,  the  ntaitsi  proa  let  fly  her  swivel  among  a 
party  of  the  oflicers,  who  had  been  previously  wading  outwards; 
and  the  whole  instantly  getting  uuoit  weigh,  made  sail  off,  fired 
at  by  oiir  people;  but  uufoitunaiely  wUiiout  effect;  for,  uiad4i- 


by  a  sudden  night 
TV  by  boarding  some 
peat  our  attack  with 
em.    The  possession 
rn  boats,  taking  into 
ined  on  the  occasion, 
lance  of  them.     Any 
playing  round  it  arm- 
Wlul  as  our  situation 
,  starvation  staring  us 
,e  of  mercy  from  the 
sptoms  of  depreswon, 
,yanf,  and,  ifanyes- 
ed  from  countenances, 
i  appeared  to  be  form- 
dash  at  them,  and  be 
the  attemjit  to  be  free 
es  and  proposals  were 
the  measures  in  view, 
mounted  the  look-out- 
r  hill,  descried  a  sail  at 
i  thought  larger  than  a 
was  in  a  moment  hush- 
•ee  for  the  next  report; 
sent  up.     She  was  now 
ading  that  part  of  the 
emerged  from  the  cloud, 
e-rigged  vessel.     '  Ar  > 
lired     •  Quite  certain 
IB,  standing  towards  the 
y  Bight  infused,  and  the 
of  deliverance,  may  be 
It  occasioned  a  sudden 
linking  to  another;  as  If 
J  immediately  displayed 
,  to  attract  attention,  lest 

J  the  ship,  (a  signal  hav- 
lored  behind  Pulo  Chal- 
ir  among  them.     As  the 
ssible.  by  an  unexpected 
Bome.of  them  under  fire, 
er  to  have  suspected  our 
A  marines  appeared  from 
let  fly  her  swivel  among  a 
.iously  wading  outwards; 
,eigh,  made  sail  off,  fijeU 
laout  effect;  for.  in  ad4i- 


OlS  tBOXIlBIS.  *^ 

tien  to  the  dexterous  management  of  their  boats,  the  '^J«n*J''«J 
them  to  weather  the  rocks.     It  was  fortunate,  however,  this  attack 
on  ttm  took  place,  and  that  it  had  the  effect  of  driving  them  .way; 
for  had  they  stood  their  ground,  we  were  as  much  in  their  power 
„  iier-thJ  ship  being  oBliged  to  anchor  eight  miles  to  leeward 
of  the  island,  and  eleven  or  twelve  from  our  position,  on  account 
of  the  wind  and  current;  and.  as  this  wind  and  current  continued 
3le  same  for  some  time  afterwards,  they  mi.ht  most  easihr,  w«h 
their  force,  have  cut  off  all  con.rounication  between  us.     Indeed, 
it  was  a  providential  and  most  extraordinary  circumstance,  during 
This  monLn  that  the  ship  was  able  to  fctct.  up  as  far  ««  •^"/'^ 
The  blockade  being  now  raised,  the  gig,  with  Messrs.  Syke.  and 
Abbot,  was  despatched  to  tlie  ship,  which  proved  to  be  the  ler- 
natroneof  the'company '3  cruisers,  sent  by  Lord  Amherst  to  our 
usis^ance.  having  on  board  Messrs.  Ellis  an"?  Hoppner,  whoe,j. 
barked  on  the  day  of  their  arrival  at  Bauvia,  and  pushed  back  to 
tb«  island." 


"  OLD  IRONSIDES."* 

Ay !  pull  her  tattered  ensign  down, 

Long  ha*  it  waved  on  litgh. 
And  many  a  heart  has  danced  to  see 

Thai  banner  in  tlie  sky ; 
Beneatli  it  rung  tlie  battle  shout, 

And  burst  the  cannon's  roar— 
The  meteor  of  the  ocean  air 

Bbiill  sweep  the  clouds  no  mare. 

Her  deck,  once  red  with  heroes'  blood, 

Where  knelt  the  vanquUhed  foe, 
When  winds  were  hurrying  o'er  the  flooa 

And  waves  were  white  below, 
No  more  shall  feel  the  conoueror's  tnsd 

Or  know  the  conquered  knee  ; 
The  harpies  of  the  shore  shall  pluck 

The  eagle  of  the  sea! 

Oh  better  that  her  shattered  halk 

Should  sink  beneatli  the  wave ; 
Her  thunders  shook  the  mighty  deep 

And  there  shbnld  be  her  grave. 
Nail  to  the  mast  her  holy  flag, 

Set  every  threadbare  sail. 
And  give  her  to  the  god  of  storms— 

The  lightning  and  the  gale ! 


•Vid*  FrootUpttet. 


36< 


«Ee 


Ktfmsoii. 


KOTZEBUE. 


Captain  Kotzebue  sailed  from  Croiutadt  in  a  frigate  of  con- 
•iderable  size,  with  a  cargo  for  Kamschatka.  Hia  orders  were 
to  proceed  from  thence  to  the  north-west  coast  of  America,  for 
the  protection  of  the  Russian  company  at  Ross — to  remain  on  that 
station  a  year,  and  then  to  return  to  Cronstadt.  In  going  and 
returning  he  was  left  wholly  to  his  own  discretion,  and  he  turned 
the  liberty  allowed  him,  to  the  prosecution  of  geographical  dis- 
covery. Starting  from  Cronstadt,  in  the  summer  of  1823,  he  first 
landed  at  Portsmouth,  and  next  at  Rio  Janeiro,  where  he  met  with 
Lord  Cochrane,  and  made  his  acquaintance.  Lord  Cochrane 
had  recently  quitted  Chili,  and  was  then  in  the  Brazil  service, 
and  longing  to  enter  the  Russian,  for  the  purpose  of  assisting  the 
Greeks  and  fighting  the  Turks.  "  War  seema  to  him,"  says 
Captain  Kotzebue,  "  as  indispensable,  and  struggle  in  defence  of  a 
good  cause  the  highest  enjoyment."  The  captain,  however,  is 
puzzled  how  to  reconcile  this,  which  ho  calls  enthusiasm,  with 
the  noble  lord's  passion  for  money.  Doubling  Cape  Horn,  with 
suarcelv  a  gale  to  ripple  the  waters,  he  stopped  next  gh  the  coast 
of  Chill,  where  though  he  was  welcomed  with  apparent  cordiality, 
suspicions  were  excited — the  natives  were  full  of  alarms  about 
the  Spaniards,  and  he  found  it  prudent  to  hasten  his  departure. 
From  the  port  of  Talcuquaaha,  he  struck  into  the  south-east  trade 
wind,  and  three  thousand  or  four  thousand  miles  swept  over  in 
three  weeks,  took  him  to  O  Tahaita  (for  the  O,  it  seems,  is  only 
the  article),  where  he  spent  some  time — long  enough  to  ascertain 
the  degenerating  condition  of  the  island.  The  advance  so  rapidly 
made  by  the  activity  and  energy  of  Pomareh,  is  fast  retrograding. 
The  navy,  of  which  so  much  was  said  a  few  years  ago,  has  almost 
wholly  vanished.  Three  or  four  missionaries,  themselves  igno- 
rant men,  rule  despotically;  and  praying  and  preaching.  Captain 
Kotzebue  found  substituted  for  more  active  pursuits.  So  com- 
pletely cowed  are  the  natives,  by  the  theocratic  discipline  of  these 
men,  that  they  allow  themselves  to  be  driven  to  prayers  by  the 
cudgel.  The  religion  of  the  islanders.  Captain  Kotzebue  affirms, 
is  mere  formality.  The  missionaries,  it  is  true,  have  aboJished 
some  superstitions,  but  only  to  make  way  for. others  scarcely  less 
gross.  Thieving  and  concubinage  are  under  some  restraint,  but 
bigotry  and  hypocrisy  flourish  vigorously,  and  the  Tahaitians  are 
now  any  thing  but  the  open  and  benevolent  beings  they  appeared 
to  their  first  discoverers.  If  human  sacrifices  are  abandoned,  it 
has  been  at  the  expense  of  a  large  majority  of  the  population 
They  were  once  estimated  at  one  hundred  and  fifty  thousand;  and 
do  nM  now  exceed  eight  thousand — the  eftect  of  the  chiefs 


ID  A  frigate  of  con- 
Hia  orders  were 
tast  of  America,  for 

i to  remain  on  tliat 

.adt.     In  going  and 

etion,  and  he  turned 

of  geographical  dia- 

imer  oflSSS,  he  ftrat 

o,  where  he  met  with 

ce.    Lord  Cochrane 

.  the  Brazil  service, 

irpose  of  assisting  the 

seems  to  him,"  says 

truggle  in  defence  of  a 

captain,  however,  is 

:alls  enthusiasm,  with 

ling  Cape  Horn,  with 

pped  next  on  the  coast 

ith  apparent  cordiality, 

B  full  of  alarms  about 

>  hasten  his  departure. 

nto  the  south-east  trade 

ad  miles  swept  over  in 

;he  O,  it  seems,  is  only 

mg  enough  to  ascertain 

The  advance  so  rapidly 

eh,  is  fast  retrograding. 

w  years  ago,  has  almost 

aries,  themselves  igno- 

and  preaching,  Captain 

ive  pursuits.     So  com- 

cratic  discipline  of  these 

riven  to  prayers  by  the 

iptain  Kotzebue  affirms, 

IS  true,  have  abolished 

■  for.others  scarcely  less 

mder  some  restraint,  but 

,  and  the  Tahaitians  are 

iut  beings  they  appeared 

rifices  are  abandoned,  it 

jority  of  the  population 

1  and  fifty  thousand;  and 

he  effect  of  the  chieft 


•    4aet 

(Taio)  coneeriion,  who  butchered  right  and  lefk,  and  alnoat  eletrvd 
dht  island.  There  mutt  be  some  exaggeration  here,  for  the 
massacre  took  place  in  1797,  and  Pomareh  could  never  have 
accomplished  what  he  did  with  a  population  of  ei^ht  thousand. 
A  son  of  Taio,  whom  Pomareh  destroyed,  is  still  livmg, — he  has, 
it  seems,  a  party  in  the  island,  and  Captain  Kotzebue  anticipated 
an  explosion,  and  a  violent  end  to  the  present  dynasty  and  the 
missionary  power. 

At  O  Tahaita,  he  met  with  one  of  Adams's  seraglio,  lately  re* 
turned  to  her  native  home  from  Pitcairn's  Island.  From  infer* 
nation  received  from  her,  and  an  American  captain  who  had 
recently  visited  the  island,  M.  Kotzebue  learned  the  now  welU 
known  story  of  the  settlement  of  the  mutineers  of  the  Bounty. 
The  Mai  du  pays  had  brought  the  old  lady  home,  but  she  soon 
changed  her  mind  again.  She  found  O  Tahaita  sadly  degenerated 
^t  was  no  longer  Tike  the  Paradise  she  had  left;  nobody  could 
be  compared,  she  said,  with  her  Adams.  Missionaries,  it  seems, 
are  likely  to  extend  tiieir  dominion  to  that  peaceful  and  gentle 
family.  "  May  Adams's  paternal  government,"  says  Kotzebue, 
"  never  be  e.Tchanged  for  despotism,  nor  his  practical  lessons  of 
piety  be  forgotten  in  empty  forms  of  prayer." 

From  O  Tahaita  Kotzebue  steered '  westerly  to  Navi|;ator's 
Islands,  and  beyond — ascertaining  the  geographical  positions  of 
several  contested  spots,  and  discovering  new  lands.  Proceeding 
then  northward  he  reached  the  Radack Islands,  a  group,  in  about 
ten  degrees  north  and  one  hundred  and  seventy  cast  from  Oreeih' 
wich,  which  he  hi  if  discovered  in  1816.  Landing  nt  Otdia, 
he  was  joyfully  c  ognised  by  many  of  the  natives,  and  the  name 
of  Totabu  (their  articulation  of  Kotzebue)  was  echoed  with  de* 
light.  The  natives  of  these  beautiful  islands  are  represr  itcd  as 
gentle  and  well  disposed — very  much,  indeed,  as  the  O  Tahaitian* 
were  originally.  They  have  not  yet  got  the  missionaries  amoag 
them. 

On  the  captain's  arrival  at  the  Rasaian  company's  settlement, 
at  Ross,  on  the  north-west  coast  of  America,  be  found  his  service* 
not  retjuired  for  some  months,  and  he  filled  up  the  interval  by  an 
excursion  to  California  and  the  Sandwich  islands.  In  a  few 
months  after  his  return  to  Ross,  he  prepared  to  return  home  bjr 
the  sea  of  China,  and  the  Cape  of  Grood  Hope.  In  his  way,  he 
a  second  time  called  at  O  Wahi  (Owhyee).  He  found  a  con- 
siderable change.  Queen  Nomahanna — who  stands  six  feet  two, 
without  shoes  or  stockings,  (for  none  from  Europe  can  she  get 
on,  and  none,  of  course,  are  made  at  home,)  and  two  ells  round, 
is  governed  by  the  missionaries,  and  the  island,  like  O  Tahaita, 
is  rapidly  going  backwards.  The  chief  charm  of  religion  seemed 
to  the  women  to  be— 4hat  they  might  now  eat  pork  as  much  at 
they  liked,  and  not  be  confined  solelj^r  to  dogs'  flesh.  He  met 
•D  eld  man  with  a  book— the  eaptain  inqutre'T if  he  was  leamiag- 


438  THE  R0TB8AT  STBAMBR. 

to  read — No,  he  was  only  raakine  believe,  to  pleaao  the  Queen. 
What  is  the  uAe  of.B,.A,  Ba?  Will  it  make  yams  and  potaloei 
grow?  Another  old  man  was  imploring  the  Queen's  assistance 
— "  If  you  won't  Icnrn  to  read,"  says  she,  "  you  may  go  and 
drown  yourself."  Captain  Kotzebue  in  his  passage  to  the  La* 
drones  and  Philippines,  made  some  new  discoveries,  and  visited 
St.  Helena  in  his  way  home. 


WRECK  OF  THE  ROTHSAY  CASTLE  STEAMER. 


The  Rothsay  Castle  was  a  steam  packet  which  formerly  traded 
on  the  Clyde.  She  belonged  to  the  line  of  steamers  whicli  sailed 
from  Liverpool  to  Beaumaris  and  Bangor,  and  was  furnished  with 
one  engine  only.  She  was  commanded  by  Lieutenant  Atkinson. 
At  ten  o'clock  on  the  —  of  August,  1831 , — the  vessel  was  appoint* 
ed  to  sail  fioip  the  usual  place,  George's  Pierhead,  but  a  casual 
delay  took  place  in  starting,  and  it  was  eleven  o'clock  before  «he 
had  got  every  thing  in  readiness.  Whilst  taking  passengers  on 
.board,  a  carriage  arrived  at  the  Pierhead  for  embarkation.  It  be« 
longed  tn'M.  W.  Foster,  Esq.  of  Regent's  park,  London,  who, 
with  hitt  wife  and  servant,  v.cre  conveyed  in  it  to  tho  packet,  and 
took  their  paMMage  at  the  same  time.  They  were  all  subsequentljr 
drowned,  a  little  dog  which  accompanied  them  being  the  only  sur- 
vivor of  I  his  unfortunate  group.  When  the  steamer  left  the  Pier- 
head her  deck  was  thronged  with  passengers.  The  captain,  crew, 
musicians,  &c.  amounted  to  fifteen,  in  addition  to  whom,  it  was 
supposed  by  persons  who  saw  the.  vessel  sail  that  one  hundred 
and  ten  or  one  hundred  and  twenty  souls  were,  on  board.  The 
majority  of  the  passengers  consisted  of  holyday  and  family  parties, 
chiefly  from  country  places;  and  in  one  of  these  companies,  who 
came  on  a  journey  of  pleasure  from  Bury,  the  hand  of  death  com> 
mitted  a  merciless  devastation.  It  consisted  of  twenty-six  per- 
sons ;  in  the  morning,  joyous  with  heahh  and  hilarity,  they  sat 
out  upon  the  waves,  and  when  the  shades  of  that  evening  approach- 
ed, every  soul  but  two  saw  his  last  of  suns  go  down. 

The  weather  was  not  particularly  boisterous  at  the  time  she 
sailed.  A  severe  storm  however,  had  raged, in  the  morning  and 
must  have  agitated  the  water  on  the  Banks  more  than  usual. 
The  wind  too,  blew  strongly  from  the  north-west,  and  the  vessel 
had  to  contend  with  the  tide,  which  began  to  flow  soon  after  she 
passed  the  rock.  When  the  steamer  arrived  ofi*  the  Floating-light, 
which  is  stationed  4ibout  fifteen  miles  from  Liverpool,  the  rough- 
ness of  the  sea  alarmed  many  of  the  passengers. — One  of  the  sur- 
vivors stated,  that  Mr.  Tarry,  of  Bury,  who,  with  his  family,  con- 


I  pleMO  thfl  QuMn. 
J  yams  and  potatoei 
[Queen's  assistance 
I"  you  may  go  and 
I  passage  to  the  La- 
Loveries,  and  viuted 


TLB  STEAMER. 

rhich  formerly  traded 

-tteamers  which  sailed 

ind  was  furnished  with 

Lieutenant  Atkinson, 
he  vessel  was  appoint- 
'ierhead,  but  a  casual 
iren  o'clock  before  ehe 

taking  passengers  on 
»r  embarkation.  It  be- 
s  park,  London,  who, 
n  it  to  tho  packet,  and 
r  were  all  subsequently 
leui  being  the  only  sur- 
e  steamer  left  the  Pier- 
rs.  The  captain,  crew, 
dition  to  whom,  it  waa 

sail  that  one  hundred 
B  were,  on  board.  The 
yday  and  family  partiet, 
['  these  companies,  %vho 
the  hand  of  death  com- 
sted  of  twenty-six  per- 
il and  hilarity,  they  sat 
f  that  evening  approach- 
i  go  down. 

Bterous  at  the  time  she 
iged  in  the  morning  and 
)anks  more  than  usual, 
rth-west,  and  the  vessel 
in  to  flow  soon  after  she 
edofl*the  Floating-light, 
m  Liverpool,  the  rough- 
Bngers.— Oneof  the  sur- 
irho,  with  his  family,  con- 


^PH 


THE   ROTBSAT   STEAMEH. 


4!» 


■ieting  of  himself,  his  wife,  their  Ave  children,  and  servant,  was 
on  board,  being,  in  common  with  others,  greatly  alarmed  for  bit 
own  safety  and  the  safety  of  those  dear  to  him,  went  down  to  the 
cabin,  where  the  captain  was  at  dinner,  and  requested  him  to  put 
back.  His  reply  was,  "  I  think  there  is  a  great  deal  of  fear  on 
board,  and  very  little  danger.  If  we  were  to  turn  back  with 
passengers,  it  would  never  do — we  should  have  no  profit."  To 
another  gentleman  who  urged  him  to  put  back,  he  is  reported  to 
have  said  very  angrily,  "I'm  not  one  of  those  that  turn  back." 
He  remained  in  the  cabin  two  whole  hours,  and  peremptorily  re- 
fused to  comply  with  the  repeated  requests  made  to  him  by  the 
more  timid  of  his  passengers  to  return  to  Liverpool;  observing 
that  if  the^  knew  him,  they  would  not  make  the  request.  Before 
dinner,  his  behavior  had  been  perfectly  uncYceptionable;  but, 
after  he  had  dined,  a  very  striking  difference  was  observed  in  his 
conduct.  He  became  violent  in  his  manner,  and  abusive  in  his 
language  to  the  men.  When  anxiously  questioned  by  the  passen- 
gers, as  to  "he  progress  the  vessel  was  making,  and  tho  time  at 
which  she  '/as  likely  to  reach  her  destination,  he  returned  trifling, 
and  frequently  very  contradictory  answers.  During  die  early  part 
of  the  vo/aee,  he  had  spoken  confidently  of  bc!ng  able  to  reach 
Beaumnris  by  seven  o'clock;  but  the  evening  wore  away,  night 
came  jn,  and  the  vessel  was  still  a  considerable  distance  from 
the  termination  of  her  voyage.  It  was  near  twelve  o'clock  when 
they  arrived  at  the  mouth  ot  the  Menai  Strait,  which  is  about  five 
miles  from  Beaumaris.  The  tide,  which  had  been  running  out  of 
the  strait,  and  which  had,  consequently,  for  some  time  previous 
retarded  the  steamer's  progress  towards  her  destination,  was  just 
on  the  turn.  The  vessel,  according  to  the  statement  of  two  of  the 
seamen  and  one  of  the  firemen  saved,  had  got  round  the  buoy  on 
the  north  end  of  the  Dutchman's  Bank,  and  had  proceeded  up 
the  river  as  far  as  the  tower  on  Puflin  Island;  when  suddenly  the 
steam  got  an  low  that  the  engine  would  not  keep  her  on  her  proper 
course.  When  asked,  why  there  was  not  steam  on,  the  fireman 
said,  that  &  doal  of  water  had  been  finding  its  way  into  the  vessel 
•11  day,  and  that  ?ometimo  before  she  got  into  the  strait,  the  bilge- 
pumps  were  choked.  The  water  in  the  hold  then  overflowed  the 
coals;  BO  that,  in  renewing  the  fires,  a  deal  of  water  went,  in  with 
the  coals,  slackened  the  fires,  and  made  it  impossible  to  keep  the 
stesm  up.  It  was  clearly  tho  duty  of  the  firwian  to  give  notice 
of  this  occurrence;  but  he  seems  not  to  have  mentioned  it  to  the 
captain.  The  vessel,  which  had  evidently  come  fair  into  the 
channel,  though  there  was  no  light  on  the  coast  to  guide  her,  now 
drifted,  with  the  ebb  tide  and  north-west  wind,  towards  the  Dutch- 
man's Bank,  on  the  north  point  of  which  she  struck,  her  bows  stick- 
ing ftut  in  the  sand.  Lieutenant  Atkinson  immediately  ordered, 
the  man  at  the  h«lm  to  put  the  helm  a  starboard.  The  man  refused 
to  do  so;  but  put  it  to  port.    The  mate,  perceiving  this,  ran  aft, 


490 


TBB  BOTBtAT  fTEAMBB. 


took  the  helm  from  the  man,  and  put  it  to  starboard  again.— In  the 
meantime,  the  captain  and  some  of  the  passengera  gut  the  jib  up. 
No  doubt  he  did  this  intending  to  wear  her  round  and  bring  her 
bead  to  the  northward;  but  in  the  opinion  of  nautical  men,  it 
could  not  make  the  least  difference  which  way  her  head  wasturn> 
ed,  as  she  was  on  a  lee  shore,  and  there  was  no  steam  to  work 
her  off.  The  captain  also  ordered  the  passengers  first  to  run  aft, 
in  the  hope,  by  removing  the  pressure  from  the  vessel's  stem,  to 
make  her  float:  this  failing  to  produce  the  desired  elTect,  he  then 
ordered  them  to  run  forward.  All  the  exertions  of  the  captain, 
the  crew  and  the  passengers  united  were  unavailing.  The  ilU 
fated  vessel  stuck  still  faster  in  the  sands,  and  all  gave  them- 
selves up  for  lost  The  terror  of  the  passengers  became  excessive. 
Several  of  them  urged  the  captain  to  hoist  lights,  and  make  other 
signals  of  distress;  but  he  positively  refused  to  do  so,  assurina 
the  passengers  that  there  was  no  danger,  and  telling  them  severiu 
times,  that  the  packet  was  afloat,  a'ld  doing  well,  anrl  on  her  way; 
when  the  passengers  knew  perfec'iy  well  that  she  was  sticking 
fast  in  the  sand,  and  her  cabms  ra{.idly  filling  with  water.  Doubt* 
less  the  unfortunate  man  was  perfectly  uwaro  of  the  imminence  of 
the  danger;  but  we  may  charitably  suppose,  that  he  held  such 
language  for  the  purpose  of  preventing  alarm  which  might  be  fatal. 
The  alarm  bell  was  now  rung  with  so  muchviolence  that  the  clap« 
per  broke,  and  some  of  the  passenger*  continued  to  strife  >,  ^or 
iome  time  with  a  stone.  The  bell  was  heard,  it  is  said,  at  '^f  v 
Biaris,  but,  as  there  was  no  lisht  hoisted  on  the  mast  of  the  st^  ( , 
(a  fatal  neglect!)  those  who  neard^the  signal  were,  of  course,  'i 
rut  whence  it  proceeded.  The  weather,  at  this  awful  moment, 
was  boisterous,  out  perfectly  clear.  The  moon,  though  slightly 
overcast,  direw  considerable  light  on  the  surrounding  objects. — But 
B  strong  breeze  blew  from  the  north-west,  the  tide  began  to  set  Ib 
whh  great  strength,  and  a  heavy  sea  beat  over  the  bank  on  which 
the  steam  packet  was  bow  firmly  and  immovably  fixed. 

We  cannot  describe  the  scene  which  followed.  Certain  death 
leemed  now  to  present  itself  to  all  on  board,  and  the  most  affecting 
•eenes  were  ezniblted.  The  females,  in  particular,  uttered  the 
BKMt  piercing  shrieks;  some  locked  themselves  in  each  othere 
•nns,  while  others,  losing  all  celf-command,  tjre  off  their  cans 
and  bonnets,  in  the  wildness  of  despair.  A  Liverpool  pilot,  who 
happened  to  be  in  the  packet,  now  raised  his  voice  and  exclaimed, 
"  It  is  all  over — we  are  all  lost !"  At  these  words  there  was  a 
universal  despairing  shriek.  The  women  and  children  collected 
in  a  knot  together,  aad  kept  embracing  each  other,  keeping  up, 
•11  the  time,  the  most  dismal  lamentations.  When  tired  with 
eryibg  thev  lav  against  each  other,  with  their  heads  reclined,  like 
iBsalBMie  bodies,  llie  steward  of  the  vessel  and  his  wife,  who 
WM  00  hoard,  laabed  theuMlvesto  the  mast,  determined  to  speo4 
Amir  IbsI  BWBiaBte  Ib  BaBh  fllhar'a  arma.     Saveral  >«"»t««»«^«  mnA 


TBI   ROTB8AT   STBAMM. 


mi 


loard  again.— lathe 
gers  gitt  the  jib  up. 
'ound  and  bring  her 
if  nautical  men,  it 
her  head  wasturn- 
,  no  steam  to  work 
igers  first  to  run  aft, 
^he  vessel's  stem,  to 
isired  elTect,  he  then 
lions  of  the  captain, 
inavailing.    The  ill- 
and  all  gave  them- 
Brsbocame  excessive, 
aghts,  and  make  other 
ed  to  do  BO,  assuring 
d  telling  them  several 
well,  anrl  on  her  way; 
that  she  was  sticking 
g  with  water.     Doubt* 
•0  of  the  imminence  of 
se,  that  he  held  such 
n  which  might  be  fatal, 
^violence  that  the  clap- 
ntinued  to  stril  ^  i.  'or 
rd,  it  is  said,  at  ^i      - 
he  mast  of  the  St'"       i. 
il  were,  of  course.  •; 
,  at  this  awful  moment, 
S  moon,  though  sliglrtljr 
rrounding  objects. — But 
,  the  tide  began  to  set  in 
t  over  the  bank  on  which 
lovabljr  fixed, 
bllowed.    Certain  deatb 
d,  and  the  most  affecting 
1  particular,  uttered  the 
imselves  in  each  othere 
land,  tore  off  their  cue 
A  Liverpool  pilot,  who 
i  his  voice  and  exclaimeo, 
:hese  words  there  was  a 
sn  and  children  collected 
each  other,  keeping  up, 
tione.    When  tired  with 
their  heads  reclined,  like 
ressel  and  his  wife,  who 
Mat,  determined  to  spend 
u    8«v«r»l  hophuMla  nn^ 


wives  also  met  their  fate  locked  in  each  other 'ji  arms;  whilst 

Earents  clUng  to  their  beloved  children, — several  mothers  it  is  said, 
aving  perished  with  their  dear  little  ones  iirrjly  clasped  in  their 
arms.  A  party  of  the  passengers,  aboul  fif^eeu  or  twenty,  lowered 
the  boat  and  crowded  into  it.  It  was  impossible  for  any  open 
boat  to  live  in  such  a  sea,  even  though  not  overloaded,  and  she 
immediately  swamped  and  went  to  the  bottom,  with  all  who  had 
made  this  last  hopeless  effort  for  self-preservation. 

For  some  time  the  vessel,  though  now  irrecoverably  lost,  con- 
tinued to  resist  the  action  of  the  waves,  and  the  despairing  souls 
on  board  still  struggled  with  their  doom.  But  hope  had  forever 
fled ;  the  packet  was  beaten  and  tossed  about  by  the  tumultuous 
waters  with  a  violence  which  threatened  to  dash  her  into  fragments 
at  every  shock,  and  the  sea  now  made  a  continual  breach  over 
her.  The  docks  were  repeatedly  swept  by  the  boiling  ocean,  and 
each  billow  snatched  its  victims  to  a  watery  grave.  The  unfor- 
tunate captain  and  his  mate  were  among  the  first  that  perished. 
About  thirty  or  forty  passengers  were  standing  upon  the  poop 
dinging  to  each  other  in  hopeless  agony,  and  occasionally  uttering 
the  most  piteous  ejaculations.  Whilst  trembling  thus  upon  the 
brink  of  destruction,  and  expecting  every  moment  to  share  the  fate 
which  had  already  overtaken  so  many  of  their  companions  in 
misery,  the  poop  was  discovered  to  give  way;  another  ware  roll- 
ed on  with  impetuous  fury,  and  the  hinder  part  of  the  luckless 
vessel,  with  all  who  sought  safety  in  its  frail  support,  was  burst 
away  from  its  shattered  counterpart,  and  about  forty  wretched 
beings  hurried  through  the  foaming  flood  into  an  eternal  world. 

"  Then  rose  flrom  aea  to  sky  the  wild  farewell. 
Then  shrieked  the  tiinid,  snd  stood  still  the  brave." 

Those  who  retained  any  degree  of  sensibility  endeavored  to 
catch  at  whatever  was  floating  within  their  reach,  with  the  vain 
hope  of  prolonging  their  lives,  though  it  was  certain  that  life 
could  only  lengthen  their  sufferings.  Many  grasped  with  frantic 
despair,  at  the  slightest  object  they  could  find,  but  wore  either  toe 
weak  to  retain  their  hold,  or  were  forced  to  relinquish  their  grass 
by  the  raging  of  the  surge.  The  rudder  was  seized  bv  eight  or 
the  sinking  creatures  at  the  same  time,  and  some  of  tnem,  were 
uhimately  preserved.  The  number  of  those  who  clung  to  the 
portion  of  the  wreck  which  remained  upon  the  bank  gradually 
grew  thinner  and  thinner,  as  they  sunk  under  their  fatigues,  or 
were  hurled  into  the  deep  by  the  remorseless  waves.  At  length, 
about  an  hour  and  a  half  from  the  time  when  she  struck,  the  rent* 
nent  of  the  Rothsay  Castle  disappeared  from  the  bosom  of  the 
ocean,  and  the  remainder  of  her  passengers  end  crew  were  pre- 
cipitated into  the  foamiqg  ebjrss. 


I 


1 1  1  Hi  p'  I  I  II  I 


ITARRATITB  Or  CAPTAIIT  W.   L.   CAZITIAU. 


NARRATIVE  OF  CAlTAIN  W.  L.  CAZNEAU. 


The  Brig  Polly,  of  one  hundred  and  thirty  tons  burden,  sailed 
from  Bostor.,  with  a  cargo  of  lumber  and  provisions,  on  a  voyage 
to  Santa  Croix,  on  the  12th  of  December  1811,  under  the  com- 
mand of  captain  W.  L.  Cazneau — with  a  mate,  four  seamen  and 
a  cook;  Mr.  I.  S.  Hunt  and  a  negro  girl  of  nine  years  of  age, 
passengers.  Nothing  material  happened  until  the  15th,  when 
they  had  cleared  cape  Cod,  the  shoal  of  Georges,  and  nearly,  ai 
they  supposed,  crossed  the  gulf  stream,  when  there  came  on  a 
violent  gale  from  the  south-east,  in  M^lich  the  brig  labored  very 
hard,  wnich  produced  a  leak  that  so  gained  on  the  pumps  as  to 
sound  nearly  sis  feet, — when  about  midnight  she  whs  upset,  and 
Mr.  Hunt  tvashed  overboard!  Not  having  any  reason  to  hope 
for  her  rightins,  by  much  exertion  the  weather  lanyards  were 
cut  away,  the  oeck  load  having  been  before  thrown  over  and  the 
lashings  all  gone;  in  about  half  an  hour  the  mainmast  went  bjr 
the  board,  and  soon  alter  the  foremast,  when  she  righted,  though 
full  of  water,  a  dreadful  sea  making  a  fair  breach  over  her  from 
Item  to  stern.  In  this  situation  the  night  wore  away,  and  day- 
light  found  all  alive  except  the  passenger,  and  upon  close  search 
the  little  girl  was  found  clinging  to  the  skylight,  and  so  saved 
from  drowning  in  the  cabin.  The  glass  and  grating  of  the  sky- 
light having  gone  away,  while  on  her  beam  ends,  the  little  girl 
was  drawn  through  the  openings,  but  so  much  chilled  that  she 
survived  but  a  few  hours.  In  this  situation  they  remained,  without 
fire,  08  near  as  the  captain  can  recollect,  twelve  dayn,  when  the 
Cook,  ah  Indian  from  Canton,  near  Boston,  suggested  the  opera- 
tion of  rubbing  two  sticks  togetiier,  which  sue -eedf-d.  Very 
fortunately  the  cambose  did  not  go  overboard  with  the  deck  load : 
this  was  got  to  windward,  a  tire  kindled  and  some  provisions 
conked,  which  was  tht>  first  they  had  tasted,  except  raw  pork, 
for  the  wh  'lo  time. — They  now  got  up  a  barrel  of  pnrk,  part  of 
a  barrel  of  beef,  and  one  half  barrel  of  beef.  A  small  pis  had 
been  saved  alive,  which  they  now  dressed,  not  having  any  thing 
to  feed  it  with.  But  ut  this  lime  no  apprdiension  was  entertained 
of  suffering  for  meat,  there  being  several  barrels  stowed  in  the 
run,  and  upwards  of  one  hundred  under  deck.  With  this  im- 
pression, the  people  used  the  provisions  very  imprudently,  till  they 
dieqnvered  that  the  stern  post  was  gone,  and  the  gale  continuing 
foe  a  long  time,  the  barrels  had  stove,  and  their  contents  were  all 
lost  forever. 

There  happened  to  be  a  cask  of  water  lashed  on  the  quarter 
deck,  wtiieh  was  saved,  containing  about  thirty  gallons,  all  the 
rwt  woa  loft.    This  lasted  about  eighteen  days,  wbea  the  crew 


iziriAU. 


L  CAZNEAU. 

[y  tons  burden,  sailed 
visions,  on  a  voyage 
Jll,  under  the  com- 
late,  four  seamen  and 
lof  nine  years  of  age, 
until  the  15th,  when 
;orges,  and  nearly,  as 
hen  there  came  on  a 
the  brie  labored  very 
•d  on  the  pumps  as  to 
;ht  she  WHS  upset,  and 
ig  any  reason  to  hope 
weather  lanyards  were 
re  thrown  over  and  the 
the  mainmast  went  by 
len  she  righted,  though 
ir  breach  over  her  from 
U  wore  away,  and  day- 
and  upon  close  search 
skylight,  and  so  saved 
land  grating  of  the  sky- 
earn  ends,  the  little  girl 
)  much  chilUd  that  she 
n  they  remained,  without 
t,  twelve  days,  wben  the 
on,  suggested  the  opera- 
khich  Ruo-eedfd.     Very 
oard  with  the  deck  load : 
ed  and  some   provisions 
nsted,  except  raw  pork, 
a  barrel  of  pork,  part  of 
beef.     A  small  pis  had 
ed,  not  having  any  tliine 
eliension  was  ent^rlaineo 
ral  barrels  stowed  in  the 
er  deck.     With  this  im- 
very  imprudently,  till  they 
,  and  the  gale  continuing 
nd  their  content*  were  all 

;er  lashed  on  the  quarter 
out  thirty  gallons,  all  th« 
eea  days,  when  the  crew 


VABBATIVE   or   CAPTAIN   Vf.    L.    CAZXEAtJ. 


4S9 


were  reduced  to  fae  necessity  of  catching  what  rain  they  could,  and 
having  no  more.  At  the  end  of  forty  days  the  meat  was  all  gone, 
and  absolute  famine  stared  them  in  the  face.  The  first  victim  to 
this  destroyer  was  Mr.  Paddock,  (he  mate,  whose  exquisite  dis* 
tress  seemed  to  redouble  the  sufferings  of  his  compani')n3.  He 
was  a  man  af  a  robust  constitution,  who  had  spetit  his  lil'e  in  the 
Rank  fishing,  had  ttuffered  many  hardships  and  appeared  the  most 
capable  of  standing  the  shocks  of  misfortune  of  any  of  the  crew. 
In  the  meridian  of  life,  being  a^out  thirty-tive  years  old,  it  was  rea- 
•onable  to  suppose  that,  instead  of  the  first,  he  would  have  been 
the  last  to  have  fallen  a  sacrifice  to  cold  and  hunger:  but  Heaven 
ordered  it  otherwise-^he  became  delirious,  and  death  relieved 
him  from  his  sufferings  the  fiftieth  day  of  his  shipwreck.  D  iriir,*} 
all  this  time,  the  storms  cortinued,  and  would  often  overwhelm 
them  so  as  to  keep  them  always  drenched  with  seawater,  having 
nothing  to  screen  them,  except  a  temporary  kind  uf  cabin  which 
they  had  built  up  of  boards  between  the  windlass  and  nighthead 
on  the  larboard  side  of  the  fcrecastle.  The  next  who  sunk  under 
this  horrid  press  of  disasters  was  Howes,  a  young  man  of  about 
thirty,  who  likewise  was  a  fisherman,  by  profession,  and  tall, 
■pare,  and  as  smart  and  active  a  seaman  as  any  aboard.  He  like- 
wise died  delirious  and  in  dreadful  distress,  six  days  after  Paddock, 
being  the  fifty-sixth  day  of  the  wreck.  It  was  soon  perceived 
that.  thi«  must  evidently  be  the  fate  of  all  the  survivors  in  a  short 
timo,  if  something  was  not  done  to  procure  water.  A':)out  this 
time  good  luck,  or,  more  probably,  kind  Providence,  enabled  them 
to  fish  up  the  tea-kettle  and  one  of  the  captain's  pistols;  and  ne- 
cessity, the  mother  of  invention,  suggested  the  plan  of  distillation. 
Accordingly,  a  piece  of  board  was  very  nicely  fitted  to  the  mouth 
of  the  boiler,  a  small  hole  made  in  it,  and  the  tep.-kettle,  bottom 
upwards,  fixed  to  the  upper  side  of  the  board,  the  pistol  barrel 
was  fixed  to  the  nose  of  the  kettle  and  kept  cool  by  the  constant 
application  of  cold  water.  This  completely  succeeded,  and  the 
survivors,  without  a  doubt,  owe  their  preservation  to  this  simple 
experiment.  But  all  that  could  be  obtained  by  this  very  imperfect 
distillation,  was  a  scanty  allowance  of  water  for  five  men;  yet  it 
would  sustain  lite  and  that  was  ail.  The  impression  that  there 
was  moat  enough  under  the  deck,  induced  them  to  use  «vcry 
exertiofi  to  obtain  it;  but  by  getting  up  pieces  of  bone,  entirely 
hiire  of  meat  and  in  a  putrid  state,  they  found  that  nothing  was 
left  fur  them  but  to  rely  on  Heaven  for  food,  and  be  contented 
with  whatever  came  to  hand,  till  relief  should  uomp.  Their  nn\y 
sustenance  now  was  barnacles  gathered  from  the  sides  uf  the 
vescicl  which  were  a*e  raw  that  the  distilling  might  U'tt  be  int«r- 
rupted,  which  would  give  them  no  m'>re  than  four  wine  rjlasset 
of  water  eoch,  per  day.  The  next  food  which  they  obtained  was 
m  \a^'^e  shark,  caught  by  means  of  a  running  bowline.  I'his  was 
%  very  great  relief  and  lasted  some  time.     Two  advantages  arose 

37 


i 


.  <     tn.' 


•^*'!!«ted  bv  the  want  of  water.  computation,  poor 

"^hev  had  now  drifted  above    ««  "^"^J'^heu  to  their  unapeak- 
J«Te  ^.^-rfhrW^  iS'aow;.  upon  th^  ^^J 

S  ^.^Smlii  "rar*  -  was  Uvemcnt    and  then,  h- ^^; 

cSain  C»xneau  an.w*red  J^Jj^J^^ame  of  HuU.  Captain  Fe"ith. 

Sff  which  hailed  proved  to  be  the  I-  am  ,,„ppcned  that  the 

i. hJTe^dfS  thraldom  of  Captain  Cazneau*^^^^  by  theae  humane 

Se'onfy "  TvVvin^  Pr:,"';.«"biry     Swa- ended  the  mo. 
JVrimen  with  w-'^^^.r^^S^^^^  history  ha.  '-^°'^^^'S, 


wmsem^^mmmnfms' 


lence;  for  while  they 
growing^  largPT  and 
J  small  crabs  among 
le  wreck,  which  were 
of  chewing  them  raw 
lught  on  an  obstinate 
iTul  and  probably  much 

[eir  computation,  poor 
ant  of  water,  thouph 
ud  in  the  full  exercise 
ind  appeared  perfectly 
d  him.     Their  constant 
f  their  still,  which  was 
her  pistol  barrel,  which 
lade  by  fixing  nails  into 
ey  so  far  perfected  the 
of  water  in  twenty  four 
>  the  death  of  Johnson, 
pril,  they  seemed  to  ho 
es  were  all  gone,  and  no 
a-weed  from  which  they 
I  as  if  all  hope  was  gone 
them  but  death,   or  the 
f  their  dead  companion 
ry  to  decoy  a  shark,  if 
eck,  by  pwt  of  the  corpse 
and  they  caught  a  large 
ih  till  their  happy  delive;- 
aiU  which  was  on  deck, 
eir  beam  ends:  with  these 
s  on  their  cabin,  which  by 
ich  more  commodious,  and 
better  supply  of  water, 
ousand  miles  and  were  in 
■St,  when  to  their  unspMX- 
iT  down  upon  them.     The 
rt,  and  then  hailed,  which 
le  force  of  his  lun^s.    Tho 
ne  of  Hull,  Captain  Feath- 
j      It  so  happened  that  the 
t  day  and  were  all  on  board 
nt  a  boat,  which  put  an  end 
izneau  and  Samuel  Badger, 
»  received  by  these  humane 
Thus  was  ended  the  moat 
al  history  has  recorded  for 
les  fr»Ji  December  15th  to 


XKW  TORK  AXO  ITS  FNVIROXS.  iWB 

ihe  SOth  of  June,  a  period  of  one  hundred  and  ninety  one  dajnf 
Every  attention  was  paid  to  the  sufferers  that  generosity  warmed 
with  prty  and  fellow  feeling  could  dictate,  on  board  the  Fame. 
They  were  cherished,  comforted,  fed,  clothed  and  nursed  until 
the  9th  of  July,  when  they  fell  in  with  Captain  Perkins,  of  the 
brig  Dromo,  in  the  chops  of  the  channel  of  England,  who  gene> 
rously  took  them  on  board  and.  carefully  perfected  the  work  of 
goodness  begun  by  the  generous  Englishmen,  and  safely  landed 
them  in  Kennebunk. 

It  is  natural  to  inquire  how  they  could  float  such  a  vast  dis< 
taace  upon  the  most  frequented  part  of  the  Atlantic  and  not  be 
discovered  all  this  time?  They  were  passed  by  more  than  a 
dozen  sail,  one  of  which  came  so  nigh  them  that  they  could 
distinctly  see  the  people  on  deck  n..  >n  the  rigging  looking  at 
them:  but  to  the  inexpressible  disi.,  ^ointment  of  the  starving  and 
iVeezing  men,  they  stifled  the  dictates  of  compassion, hoisted  Mdl.' 
and  cruelly  abandoned  them  to  their  tate. 


NEW  YORK  AND  ITS  ENVIRONS. 

There  are  ft^  epectaeles  at  once'  more  grateful  aad  more 
magnificent  W  the  weary  wanderer  over  the  ocean,  than  that 
wliich  rises  up  before  him,  liko  a'  lovely  dream,  as  he  passes  the 
Narrows,  and  is  wafted  by  fair  breezes  towards  the  city  of  New 
York.  The  green  shores  of  Long  and  Staten  Islands,  within  less 
than  a  quarter  of  a  mile  of  each  other,  slope  down  to  the  water's 
edge,  and  form  the  gates  of  the  harbor.  When  "  radiant  summer 
opens  all  her  pride,"  they  are  clothed  with  tho  luxuriant  harvest, 
and  dotted  with  dwellings  of  peace  and  plenty.  A  vast  city  with 
ita  bristling  forest  of  masts  and  spires,  rises  suddenly  in  the  di»* 
tance,  sending  forth  the  hum  of  more  than  two  hundred  thousand 
inhabitants.  He  inhales  the  mingled  perfumes  which  the  wind 
bears  from  wood  and  field,  from  valleys  of  clover,  and  gardens  of 
flowers.  Immense  steamboats,  superior  to  any  other  in'  the  world, 
plough  the  waters  around  him,  and  shape  their  steady  course  iu 
diflcrent  directions;  b./J  ships,  with  white  sails  spread,  are  return- 
ing, storm-beaten,  from  their  perilous  voyages,  or  hurrying  forth, 
through  the  narrow  outlet,  to  distant  quarters  of  tne  giobe.  Forte 
command  the  prominent  stations,  and  vessels  of  war,  like  castiett, 
•re  resting  on  the  wave. 

Perhaps  no  situation  could  be  chosen  for  a  more  advantageoua 
Burvey  of  the  city,  with  its  surrounding  scenery,  than  that  part 
of  the  Boy  adjoining  Governor's  Island,  and  near  the  fort,  a  por- 


m 


mm 


^r^rf'j:it*«^iLiL:  X4»?- '  l-M-.-S^  ' 


436 


VZVr  TOBK  AXD   ITS   ENri&O.HS 


tion  of  which  appears  on  the  extreme  left  of  the  picture^  and 
whence  the  present  view  was  taken. 

The  opening  discernible  on  the  right,  is  the  passage  termed 
the  East  River,  lending  from  the  Bay  into  the  Sound,  between 
Long  and  Yorlc  Ishinda,  and  thence  along  the  shores  of  Connec- 
ticut  and  Rhode  l8'"nd,  into  the  Atlantic.     The  eye  can  almoj»t 

(tie  *«  to  tliat  point  of  the  strait  entitled  Hurl  Gate,  but,  by  the 
overs  of  the  marvellous,  dignified  with  an  appellation  which 
would  seem  to  conduct  the  traveller  into  a  region  of  a  very 
diflferent  description  from  the  pleasant  hills  and  orchards,  tb« 
eoatly  dwellings,  and  the  humble  but  bright  looking  cottages,  that 
make  the  bauks  of  this  stream  a  succession  of  charming  pictures 


-    -        --si- 

"  - '-  -  --^^ 

TPa^fe---^''^.  "^'^^  '  "  ■""^"-  ^:-^-^/''- 

V:-    -'^i^_L 

-■^■^■g--    '    ■ : ' 

i^^^^H 

V           ■  is.  ■  ■ 

.-.r -«"■,- 

^^^^  .^^^^i^^]^^^^ 

l^'^t 

i^i-j  •■ 

^^l^^^,U-^^^Si 

&:-^ 

^^-r- 

_■  :,^ 

^^^-ii  -W.•-^'''^~"S>^•^-'   -'"?"'-  —  "f-i^ST'^ 

■^TSifiiK  V'  ,•• 

^^*^«::^gS:^i^*:='  :-:5|^[<^ 

VievT  of  New-York. 

The  small  promontory  jutting  out  on  the  eastern  side,  repre> 
tents  that  part  of  Long  Island  occupied  by  the  village  of  Brooklrn 
and  the  Navy  Yard.  * 

On  the  left,  the  eye  seeks  to  explore  the  windinies  of  the  Hud> 
son  or  North  River.  In  many  revpects  this  stream  may  be 
considered  one  of  the  most  important  in  the  world.  It  is  aflected 
b)  the  tide  more  than  a  hundred  and  sixty  miles  towards  its  source. 
Its  steamboat  navigation  is  unobstructed,  ar'l  it  presents  facilities 
for  commerce  of  an  extiaordinary  and  tempting  nature.  The 
magnificent  canal,  which  strikes  it  at  Albany,  connects  the  city 
of  New  York  with  Lake  Erie,  and  thence  with  the  interior  and 
m-^st  western  portion  of  the  Union.  This  stupendous  work, 
which  directly  augments  the  prosperity  of  more  than  two  millions 
of  people,  is  but  a  single  branch  in  the  vast  plan  of  internal  inn 


[of  the  picture,  aad 

■the  passnge  termed 

the  Sound,  between 

shore'a  of  Connec- 

'he  eye  can  almost 

lirl  Gate,  but,  by  the 

tn  appellation  which 

I  a  region  of  a  very 

lis  and  orchards,  the 

[looking  cottages,  that 

I  of  charming  pictures 


mf--M 

iSjJI.LJ?!L.V^.--: 

the  eastern  side,  repre« 
y  the  village  of  Brooklyn 

he  windings  of  the  Had« 
cts  this  stream  may  be 
the  world.  It  is  affected 
miles  towards  its  source. 
,  ar'l  it  presents  facilities 

tempting  nature.  The 
Iba'ny,  connects  th«  city 
ice  with  the  interior  and 

This  stupendous  work, 
r  more  than  two  millions 
foat  plan  of  internal  im* 


r 


KABRATIVB  or    CAPTAIX   tlXCOLX. 


437 


provement,  of  which  Dowitt  Clinton  was  the  most  influential 
pronrrater,  and  which  equally  associates  his  nusne  v.-itli  the  glory 
of  the  state,  and  the  increasing  importance  of  the  city. 

At  all  times  the  view  of  the  metropolis  uf  the  State  is  imposing; 
but  should  the  stian»;er  approach  it  at  the  close  of  a  pleasant 
summer  day,  he  would  find  the  scene  yet  more  enchanting.  At 
this  period  the  bustle  of  business  is  superseded  by  the  voice  of 
pleasure.  As  he  draws  near  the  Battery,  he  perceives  that  the 
i'urt  has  changed  its  martial  character,  and  been  metamorphosed 
into  a  garden  and  plea^^ant  promenade.  The  stillness  of  the 
evening  is  aometimrs  broken  by  the  sound  of  the  rushing  rocket, 
as  it  durts  into  the  spangled  heaven,  illuminating  the  scene  with  a 
glare  of  temporary  radiance,  and  sometimes  by  bursts  of  music, 
soAened  by  the  distance,  as  it  floats  over  the  placid  water.  Now 
you  may  hear  the  drum  from  Governor's  Island,  and  now  (bo 
■ong  of  the  sailor  from  the  distant  ship,  which  is  prepariup 
acain  to  encounter  the  perils  of  the  deep;  while  the  regular  dasE 
o>  the  oar,  as  some  occasional  boat  glides  by,  adds  to  the  charm 
of  the  music,  and  increases  the  interest  of  the  scene 


NABRATIVE  OF  CAPTAIN  LINCOLN. 

I  have  reluctantly  yielded  to  the  urgent  solicitation  of  friends, 
to  give  a  short  narrative  of  the  capture,  Bufi*erings  and  escape  of 
myself  and  crew,  after  having  been  taken  by  a  piratical  schooner, 
called  the  Mexican,  December,  1821.  The  peculiar*  circum- 
itances  attending  our  situation,  gave  us  ample  opportunity  for 
learning  the  character  of  those  cruisers  which  have  lately  infested 
our  southern  coasts,  destroying  the  lives  and  "plunderinff  the 
property  of  so  many  peaceable  traders.  If  this  narrative  sT.ould 
effect  any  good,  or  urge  our  government  to  still  more  vigorous 
measures  for  the  protection  of  our  commerce,  my  object  will  be 
attained. 

I  sailed  from  Boston  bound  for  Trinidad,  in  the  island  of  Cuba, 
on  the  13th  November,  1831,  in  the  schooner  Exertion,  bur- 
den one  hundred  and  seven  tons,  owned  by  Messrs.  Joseph 
Ballister  and  Henry  Farnam,  with  a  crew  consisting  of  toe 
foUowioff  persons: — 

Joshua  Bracket,      mate,         Bristol, 
David  Warren,        cook,         Saco, 

*  Th»  rtnder  will  prnbably  racollrct  (he  nlRrnilng  niimher  of  plrncles,  which  tonk  plaea  la 
llM  WaM  Indian  rau  durlnf  the  yrnri  I8a4-ttji5.  Cuptniii  l.lncolii'i  iii;iriative  wiil  Iw  fnund 
lo  convey  •  l)«ll  and  correct'  idea  nf  the  nature  and  extent  nf  the>e  depredaUoni ;  and  tha 
Mrlklnt  Intoratt  of  bit  aeeouat  will  be  cnniidered  a  luffleient  apolojiy  for  the  tpMO  w«  b»n 


RMi 


«r 


HARRATITE  Of    CAmm  LINCOUT 


The 
Dt-aos, 


Thomas  Goodall,    aeamau, 
Thomas  Voung,  " 

Francis  de  Siize,  " 

George  Reet.  " 

cargo  consisted  of  flour, 


Baltimore, 
Orangetourn, 
St.  John's, 
Greenock,  Scotland, 
beef,  pork,  lard,  butter, 


fish 


onions,  potatoes,  apples,  hams,  furniture,  sugar  box 
thooks,  &,c.  invoiced  at  about  eight  thousand  dollars.  Nothing 
remarkable  occurred  during  the  passage,  except  much  bad  weath> 
er,  until  my  capturo,  which  was  as  follows:— 

Monday,  December  17th,  1821,  commenced  with  fine  breezes 
from  the  eastward.  At  daybreak  saw  some  of  the  islands  norths 
ward  of  Cope  Cruz,  called  Keys — stood  along  northwest;  every 
thins  now  seemed  favorable  for  a  happy  termination  of  our  voyag*. 
At  three  o'clock,  P.  M.  saw  a  sail  coining  round  one  of  the  Keys, 
into  a  channel  called  Boca  de  Cavoione  by  the  chart,  neatly  in 
latitude  20°  oo'  north,  longitude  79'^  53'  west,  she  made  directly 
for  us  with  all  sail  set,  sweeps  on  both  sides  (the  wind  being  light) 
and  was  soon  near  enough  for  us  to  discover  about  forty  men  on 
her  deck,  armed  with  muskets,  blunderbusses,  cutlasseii,  lonf( 
knives,  dirks,  &c.  two  carronades,  one  a  twelve,  the  ether  a  six 
pounder;  she  was  a  schooner,  wearing  the  Patriot  flag,  (blue, 
white  and  blue)  of  the  Republic  of  Mexico.  1  thought  it  not 
prudent  to  resist  them,  should  they  be  pirates,  with  a  crew  of 
■even  men,  and  only  five  muskets;  accordingly  ordered  the  arms 
and  ammunition  to  be  immediately  stowed  away  in  as  secret  a 

ftlace  as  possible,  and  suffer  her  to  speak  us,  hoping  and  be- 
ieving  that  u  republican  flag  indicated  both  honor  and  friendship 
from  those  who  wore  it,  and  which  we  might  expect  even  from 
Spaniards.  But  how  great,  was  my  astonishment,  when  the 
icliooner  having  approached  very  near  us,  hailed  in  English,  and 
ordered  ui',.  to  heave  my  boat  out  immediately  and  come  on  board 
of  her  wv.h  rny  papers. — Accordingly  my  boat  was  hove  out,  but 
filled  before  1  could  get  into  her.— I  was  then  ordered  to  tack 
ship  and  layby  for  the  pirates'  boat  to  board  me;  which  was  done 
by  Boiidar,  their  first  lieutenant,  with  six  or  eight  Spaniards  armed 
with  as  many  of  the  before  mentioned  weapons  as  they  could  well 
slinff  about  their  bodies.  They  drove  me  into  the  boat  and  two 
of  them  rowed  me  to  their  privateer,  (as  they  called  ther  vessel,) 
where  I  shook  hands  with  her  commander.  Captain  Jonnia,  a 
Spaniard,  who  before  looking  at  my  papers,  ordered  Boiidar,  hiii 
lieutsnant,  to  follow  the  Mexican  in,  back  of  the  Key  they  had 
leil,  which  was  done.  At  six  o'clock,  P.  M.  the  Exertion  was 
anrhored  in  eleven  feet  water,  near  their  vessel,  and  an  island, 
which  they  called  Twelve  League  Key,  (called  by  the  chart  Key 
Largo,)  about  thirty  or  thirty-five  leagues  from  Trinidad.  After 
this  strange  conduct  they  began  examining  my  papers  by  a  Scotch* 
man  who  went  by  the  name  of  Nickola,  their  sailing  master.— 
He  spoke  good  English,  had  a  countenance  rather  pleasing 


■'.aUKuafc^^ulni  .iSC 


f 


n, 


Scotland, 
ard,  butter,  fish 
ture,    sugar   box 
iollars.     Nothing 
much  bad  weath- 

with  fine  breezes 

he  islands  north*> 

north  went;  every 

ion  of  our  voyag*.  ' 

ione  of  the  Keys, 

e  chart,  nearly  in 

ihe  made  directly 

)  wind  being  light) 

>out  forty  men  on 

B,  cutlasses,  long 

e,  the  ether  a  six 

'atriot  flag,  (blue, 

I  thought  it  not 

1,  with  a  crew  of 

ordered  the  arms 

ay  in  as  secret  a 

hoping  and  be- 

nor  and  friendship 

expect  even  from 

ihment,  when  the 

ed  in  English,  nnd 

Emd  come  on  board 

was  iiove  out,  but 

n  ordered  to  tack 

i ;  which  was  done 

It  Spaniards  armed 

as  they  could  well 

the  boat  and  two 

ailed  the>r  vessel,) 

Captnin  Jonnia,  a 

dered  Bolidar,  hia 

the  Key  they  had 

the  Exertion  was 

jel,  and  an  island, 

i  by  the  chart  Key 

n  Trinidad.     After 

)apcrs  by  a  Scctch- 

sailing  master.-- 

e  rather  pleating 


KABRATITC  Of  cirtkis  iwpou*.  4^ 

nlthough  his  beard  and  mustachios  had  a  frightful  appearanc*— 
his  face,  apparently  full  of  anxiety,  indicated  iDmethmg  in  my 
favor;  he  gave  me  my  papers  saying  "  take  good  care  of  them, 
for  I  am  atraid  that  you  have  fallen  into  bad  hands.       Thepirate  • 
beat  was  then  sent  to  the  Exertion  with  more  men  and  arms; 
ft  part  of  them  left  on  board  her;  the  rest  returning  with  three  of 
my  crew  to  their  vessel;  Viz.  Thomas  Young,  Ihomas  (soodall,. 
and  George  Reed— ihey  treated  them  with  .something  to  drink, 
and  offered  them  equal  shares  with  themselves,  and  some  money, 
if  they  would  enlist,  but  they  could  not  prevail  on  them.     1  thao 
requested  permission  to  go  on  board  my  vessel  which  was  granted, 
and  further  requested  Nickola  should  go  with  roe,  but  was  rtK 
fused  by  the  captain,  who  vociferated  in  a  harsh  manner,      JV», 
JVo,   m,"  accompanied  with   a  heavy   stamp  upon  the  deck. 
When  I  got  on  board,  I  was  invited  below  by  Bolidar,  wnerej 
found  they  had  emptied  the  case  of  liquors,  and  broken  a  clie^ 
to  nieces  and  crumbled  it  on  the  table  and  cabin  floor;  lac  pirug 
elated  with  their  prize,  (as  they  called  it,)  had  drank  so  much  ii 
to  make  them  desperately  abusive.    1  was  permitted  to  he  doWtt 
in  my  birth;  but  reader,  if  you  have  ever  been  awakened  by  a 
Bang  of  armed  desperadoes,  who  have  taken  poisession  of  your 
habitation  in  the  midnight  hour,  you  can  imagine  my  feehngf.^ 
Sleep  was  a  stranger  to  me,  and  anxiety  was  my  guest.     ISolidar, 
however,  pretended  friendship,  and  flattered  me  with  the  prosMOt 
of  being  soon  set  at  liberty.     But  I  found  him,  as  I  suspected,  a 
consummate  hypocrite;  indeed,  his  very  looks  indicated  it.     Me 
was  a  stout  and  well  built  man,  of  a  dark,  swarf hy  complexion,  wiUI 
keen,  fe-ocious  eyes,  huge  whiskers,  and  beard  under  his  chiB 
and  on      I  lips  lour  or  five  inches  long;  he  was  a  Portuguew  tf 
birth,  lint  had  become  a  naturalized  Frenchman— had  »  wj««»^ 
not  children,  (as  I  was  told)  in  France,  and  ijjs  well  knowto 
there  us  commander  of  a  first  rate  pVivateer.     His  appearaaog 
was  truly  terrific;  he  could  talk  some  in  English,  and  had  a  i»^ 

lion-like  voice.  .  .  •      p  .u..  .:..*^ 

Tuesday,  18th.— Early  this  morning  the  captain  of  the  piratet 
came  on  board  the  Exertion;  took  a  look  at  the  cabin-stores, 
and  carco  in  the  state  rooms,  and  then  ordered  me  back  with  him 
to  his  vessel,  where  he.  with  his  crew,  held  a  consultation  Ibr 
some  time,  respecting  the  cargo.  After  which,  the  interpreter, 
Nickola,  told  mc  that  "the  captain  had  or' pretended  to  hate  m 
commission  under  General  Traspelascus,  commander  in  chief  of 
the  republic  of  Mexico,  authorizinij  him  to  take  all  cargoes  what- 
ever of  provisions,  bound  to  any  Spanish  royalwt  port— that  my 
cargo  being  bound  to  an  enemy's  port,  must  be  condemned;  bnl 
that  the  vessel  should  be  given  up  and  be  put  irito  a  fair  chanoel 
for  Trinidad  where  I  was  bound."  I  requested  him  to  examiM 
the  papers  thoroughly,  and  perhaps  he  would  be  convinced  !• 
tb|  contrar'y,  and  told  bim  my  cargo  wa»  aU  American  propert/ 


440 


JIAMATirt  Of  CAPTAIX    LIKeOtX. 


taken  in  «t  Boston  and  consigned  to  an  American  gentleman, 
af(ent  ut  Trinidnd.  But  the  captain  would  not  take  this  trouble, 
but  ordered  both  vessels  under  way  immediately,  and  coiniiieuced 
beating  up  aniungsit  the  Keys  through  most  of  the  day,  tho 
wind  being  very  light.  They  now  sent  their  boats  uo  board 
the  £xertion  lor  stores,  and  commenced  plundering  her  of  bread, 
butter,  lurd,  onions,  potatoes,  Ash,  beans,  &c.  took  up  some 
augur  ao.x  shooks  that  were  on  deck,  and  tbuud  the  barrels 
of  apples;  selected  the  bust  of  them,  and  threw  the  rest  over- 
board. Thfy  io<|uircd  for  spirits,  wiiie,  cider,  Sic.  and  were  t<)ld 
"they  had  alrt- ttdy  taken  all  that  was  on  board."  But  not  satis- 
fied they  proceeded  t*  search  the  state  rooms  and  forecastle, 
ripped  up  tho  Hoor  of  the  latter  and  found  some  boxes  of  bottled 
cider,  whii^h  they  curried  to  their  vessel,  gave  three  cheers,  in  aa 
exulting  manner  to  me,  and  then  bi^gan  drinking  it  with  such 
freedom,  that  n  violent  quarrel  arose  between  olticers  and  men, 
which  came  very  ncur  ending  in  bloodshed.  I  was  accused  of 
falsehood,  for  saying  they  had  already  got  all  the  liquors  that 
were  on  board,  and  I  thought  they  hud;  the  truth  was,  1  never 
had  any  hill  of  lading  of  the  cider,  and  consequently  had  no  re- 
collection of  its  buing  on  board;  yet  it  served  them  us  on  excuse 
for  being  insolent.  In  the  evening  peace  was  restored  and  they 
sung  songs.  I  was  sutfured  to  go  below  for  the  night,  and  they 
placed  a  guard  over  me,  stationed  ut  the  companion  way. 

VVeduesday,  19th,  coinmenced  with  moderate  easterly  winds, 
beating  towards  the  northeast,  the  pirate's  boats  frequently 
going  on  board  tlic  Exurlion  for  potatoes,  fioh,  beans,  butter, 
&.C.  which  wore  used  with  great  waste,  and  extravagance.  'I'huy 
gave  ine  food  and  drink,  but  of  bad  quality,  more  particularly' tlie 
victurtis,  which  was  wretchedly  cooked.  The  place  asvigned 
me  to  eat  was  covered  with  dirt  and  vermin.  It  appeared  that 
their  great  object  was  to  hurt  my  feelings  with  threats  and  obser- 
vations, ond  to  tnuke  my  situation  us  unpleasant  as  circumstances 
would  admit.  We  came  to  anchor  near  a  Key,  called  by  them 
Brigantine,  where  myself  and  mate  were  permitted  to  go  on 
•hore,  but  were  guarded  by  several  armed  pirates.  I  soon  re- 
turned to  the  Mexican  and  my  mate  to  the  Exertion,  witii  George 
Reed  one  of  my  crew;  the  other  two  being  kepi  on  board  the 
Mexican.  In  the  course  of  this  day  I  had  considerable  conver- 
sation with  Nickola,  who  appeared  well  disposed  towards  me.  He 
lamented  most  deeply  his  own  situation,  for  he  was  one  of  those 
men,  whose  early  good  impressions  were  not  entirely  effaced,  al- 
though confederated  with  guilt.  He  told  me  '*-those  who  had 
taken  me,  were  no  better  than  pirates,  and  their  end  would  be  the 
halter;  but,"  he  added,  «/h  peculiar  emotion,  "I  will  never 
be  hung  as  a  pirate,"  showing  me  a  bottle  of  laudanum  which  he 
had  found  in  my  medicine  chest,  saying,  "  If  we  are  taken,  ihal 
shall  cheat  the  hangman,  before  we  are  condemned."    I  eodcav- 


riean  gentleman, 

take  this  trouble, 

,  and  com  me  need 

of  tlitt  day,   the 

boats  on   board 

ring  ber  of  bread, 

c.  tuuk  up  some 

tbund  the  barrels 

|rew  the  rest  uvcr- 

&.C.  and  tvere  told 

."     But  not  satia- 

ns  and  forecastle, 

e  boxes  of  bottled 

three  cheers,  in  an 

iking   it  with  such 

[)  olticers  and  men, 

I  was  accused  of 

all  the  liquors  that 

s  truth  was,  1  never 

queutly  had  no  rc- 

them  us  on  excuse 

s  restored  and  they 

he  night,  and  they 

)anion  way. 

'ate  easterly  winds, 

s    boats   frequently 

|(ioh,  beans,  buiter, 

xtravagance.     'I'hcy 

nore  pnrticulurl;'  tlie 

Fhe   place  assigned 

It  appeared  that 

h  threats  and  obser- 

int  as  circumstances 

ley,  called  by  them 

permitted  to  go  on 

pirates.     I  soon  re- 

tertion,  witn  Gcorgo 

kepi  oil  board  the 

onsiderable  conver- 

ed  towards  me.     He 

le  was  one  of  those 

entirely  elfaned,  al- 

ie  "-those  who  had 

eir  end  would  be  the 

ion,    "  I  will  never 

laudanum  which  he 

'  we  are  taken,  Ihat 

emned."    I  eodcav 


nARBATIVS  or    CAPTAIX  Li.tcotir. 


441 


ered  to  get  it  from  him,  but  did  not  succeed.  I  then  asked  him 
how  he  came  to  be  in  such  company,  as  he  appeared  to  be  dissat- 
isfied. He  stated,  "  that  he  was  at  New  Orleans  last  summer 
out  of  employment,  and  became  acquainted  witli  one  Captain 
August  Orgamur,  a  Frencliman,  who  liiid  bought  a  small  schoun« 
er  of  about  hftcentons,  aud  was  goinn;  down  to  the  bay  of  Mexico 
to  get  a  commission,  under  General  Traspeiascus,  in  order  to  go 
a  privateering  under  the  patriot  flag.  Captain  Orgnmar  made 
bim  liberal  otfers  respecting  shares,  und  promised  him  a  sailing 
master's  birth,  which  he  accepted  and  embarked  on  board  the 
ichooner,  without  sufficiently  reflecting  on  the  danger  of  such 
in  undiirtaking.  Soon  after  she  sailed ^om  Mexico;  where  thej 
got  a  commission,  and  the  vessel  was  called  Mexican.  They 
made  up  a  complement  of  twenty  men,  and  after  rendering  the 
general  some  little  service,  in  transpoiting  his  troops  to  a  place 
called  — ^—  proceeded  on  a  cruise;  took  some  small  prizes  off 
Cumpeachy;  afterwards  came  on  tlio  south  const  of  Cuba,  where 
they  took  other  small  prizes  and  the  one  whicli  we  were  now  on 
board  of.  By  this  time  the  crei"  were  increased  t<.  about  forty, 
nearly  one  half  Spaniard:^,  the  o.  era  Frencliinen  ant  Portuguese. 
Several  of  them  iiiid  sailed  out  of  ports  in  t'le  i'lited  Slates,  with 
Americaa  protections;  but,  I  confidently  believe,  none  aie  natives, 
especially  of  the  northern  states.  I  wi'>>  caic.  k  lu  examining  the 
men,  being  desirous  of  kmwing  i.'  any  of  •  ly  countrymen  w»?re 
among  this  wretched  crew;  but  arn  satisfied  tnero  wcr  uone,  n.'^d 
xny  Scotch  friend  concurred  in  the  opinion.*  And  '  v  with  a 
new  vessel,  which  was  the  prize  of  these  plunder  ,  Ihey  sailed 
up  Monganeil  Hay,  previously,  however,  they  1.11  in  with  «n 
American  schooner  from  which  they  bouf  .;.  ."  ur  barrels  of  b.  .f, 
and  paid  in  tobacco.  At  the  Bay  was  ar  En^  Ush  brig  belo.iguiff 
to  Jamaica,  owned  by  Mr.  John  Loudon  jf  that  piece.  On  board 
of  this  vesiiel  the  Spanish  part  of  the  crew  commenced  their 
depredations  as  pirates,  although  Captain  Orgamar  r^id  Nickola 
protested  nguinst  it,  and  refused  any  partici,.>ation;  but  they  per- 
sisted, and  like  so  many  ferocious  blood-hounds,  boarilcd  the  brig, 
plundered  the  cabin  stores,  furniture,  caotain's  trunk,  C;c.  took  a 
aogshcad  of  rum,  one  twelve  pound  carr^  ;»ude,  some  rigging  and 
sails.  One  of  them  plundered  the  chest  of  a  sailor,  who  made 
some  resistance,  so  that  the  Spaniard  took  his  cutlass  and  beat 
and  wounded  him  withaut  mercy.  Nickola  asked  him  "  why  he 
did  it?"  the  fellow  answered  "  I  will  let  you  know,"  and  took  up 
the  cook's  axe  and  gave  him  a  cut  op.  the  head,  which  nearly  de- 

Eirived  him  of  life.r     Then  they  ordered  Captain  Orgamar  to 
eave  his  vessel,  allowin^  'vm  his  trunk  and  turned  him  ashore, 
to  seek  for  himself.     N.'<  k<;' .'  begged  them  to  dismiss  him  with 

•  The  Sp;ininrd»  Rt  Hr»vnnni»  hivn  Iwen  in  llie  li:iliit  of  snylng  to  tlime  who  nrrive  llier*, 
■ftar  mfrerini  tlir  lioccid  abuM  of  eiMins,  beatini,  haniing,  robbing,  iLC.  "  it  U  youi  vmuoxf- 
mo  that  do  this." 

tUs  stiawvU  ms  tbs  voun^,  wiilcb  was  quite  large,  oad  aot  Uieu  beoled 


••mm 


KARSATIVB  OT  CATTAIN  LUfCOtlT. 


bis  captain,  but  no,  no,  was  theanerrar;  for  they  had  no  complete 
navigator  but  him.  AOer  Captain  Organmr' was  gone,  they  put 
in  his  stead  the  present  brave  (or  as  I  should  call  him  cowardly) 
Captain  Jonnia,  who  headed  them  in  plundering  the  before  men* 
tioned  brig,  and  made  Bolidar  their  first,  huutenant,  and  then 
proceeded  down  among  those  Keys  or  Islands,  where  £  was  cap- 
tured. This  is  the  amount  of  what  my  friend  iNickola  told  me  of 
tbeir  biMory. 

Thursday,  20th,  continued  beating  up,  wind  being  light,  the 

Eirate's  boats  were  sent  to  the  Exertion  for  more  stores,  such  as 
read,  lard,  &,c.  I  this  day  discovered  on  board  the  Mexican 
three  black  girls,  of  whota  it  is  well  to  say  no  more.  It  is  im- 
possible to  give  an  account  of  the  filthiness  of  this  crew,  and'vere 
It  possible  it  would  not  be  expedient..  In  their  appearance  they 
were  terrific,  wearing  black  whiskers  and  long  beards,  the  recep- 
tacles of  dirt  and  vermin.  They  used  continually  the  most  profane 
language;  had  frequent  quarrels;  and  so  great  was  their  love  of 
gambling  that  the  captain  would  play  cards  with  the  meanest  man 
on  board.  All  these  things  rendered  them  to  me  objects  of  total 
disgust  (with  a  few  exceptions,  as  will  hereafter  appear.) — I  was 
told  they  hud  n  stabbing  match,  but  a  few  days  before  I  was  taken, 
and  ofae  man  came  near  being  killed;  they  put  him  ashore  at  a 
fisherman's  hut  and  there  led  him  to  perish.  I  saw  the  wound  of 
smother  who  had  his  nose  split  open. 

Friday,  Sist. — AAer  laying  at  anchor  through  the  night  in  ten 
tcthoms  water,  made  sail  and  stood  to  the  eastward — by  this  time 
(  was  out  of  my  reckoning,  having  no  quadrant,  charts  or  books. 
The  pirate's  boats  wtvc  again  sent  for  stores.  The  captain  for 
the  second  time  deitianded  of  me  where  my  wine,  brandy,  &.c. 
were,  I  again  told  hir;,  they  had  already  got  the  whole.  They 
took  the  deep  sea  liiit,-  and  some  cordage  from  the  Exertion  and 
at  night  CBine  to  anchor. 

Saturday,  22d. — Both  vessels  under  way  standing  to  the  east« 
word,  they  ran  the  Exertion  aground  on  a  bar,  but  after  throwing 
overboard  most  of  her  deck  load  of  shooks,  she  floated  off;  a  pilot 
was  sent  to  her,  and  she  was  run  into  a  narrow  creek  between 
two  keys,  where  they  moored  her  head  and  stern  along  side  the 
mangrove  trees,  sent  down  her  yards  and  topmasts,  and  covered 
ber  mast  bonds  and  shrouds  with  bushes  to  prevent  her  being  seen 
by  vessels  which  might  pass  that  way.  I  was  then  sufTered  to  go 
on  board  my  own  vessel,  and  found  h^r  in  a  very  filthy  condition; 
sails  turn,  rigging;  cut  to  pieces,  and  every  thing  in  the  cabin  in 
waste  and  confusion.  The  swarms  of  moschetoes  and  sand-flies 
made  it  impossible  to  get  any  sleep  or  rest.  The  pirate's  large 
boat  was  armed  and  manned  linder  Bolidar,  and  sent  ofTwith  let* 
(era  to  a  merchant  (as  they  called  him)  by  the  name  of  Dominioo, 
residing  in  a  town  icaUed  Principe,  on  the  main  island  of  Cuba. 
I  was  told  by  one  of  tbem  who  could  apeak  fingUah.  that  Principe 


lad  no  com^tlctd 
[gone,  they  put 
jhim  cowardly) 
le  before  men* 
Inant,  and  then 
^eie  I  was  cap- 
cola  told  me  of 

king  light,  the 

I  stores,  such  as 

]d  the  ^fcxican 

inre.     It  is  im- 

1  crew,  and  rvere 

ppearance  they 

ards,  the  recep- 

the  most  profane 

as  their  love  of 

le  meanest  man 

objects  of  total 

appear.) — I  was 

"ore  I  was  taken,  • 

lim  ashore  at  a 

w  the  wound  of 

the  night  in  ten 
ird — by  this  time 

charts  or  books. 

The  captain  for 
ine,  brandy,  &c. 
e  whole.  They 
he  E.xertion  and 

iing  to  the  east- 
Jt  after  throwing 
nated  off;  a  pilot 
'  creek  between 
n  along  side  the 
sts,  and  covered 
It  her  being  seen 
!n  suffered  to  go 
filthy  condition; 
in  the  cabin  in 
IS  and  sand-flies 
e  pirate's  large 
Bent  off* with  let- 
ne  of  Dominioo, 
island  of  Cuba. 
ih.th&tPrliiei|M 


5ABIUTIVE  or  CATTAUr  UMOOUT.  40 

was  a  very  large  and  populous  town,  situated  at  the  head  of  flc. 
IMnria,  wiiich  was  about  twenty  miles  north  east  from  whore  wa 
lay,  and  the  Keys  lying  around  us  were  called  Cotton  Keys.— 
The  captain  pressed  into  his  service  Francis  de  Suze,  one  uf  mjr 
crew,  saying  that  he  was  one  of  his  countrymen.  Francis  was 
very  reluctant  in  going,  and  said  to  me,  with  tears  in  his  eyes, 
"  1  shall  do  nothing  but  what  I  am  obliged  to  do,  and  will  not  aid 
in  the  least  to  hurt  you  or  the  vessejl ;  1  am  very  sorry  to  leave 
vou. "  He  was  imn^ediately  put  oo  duty  and  Thomas  Goodali  seat 
back  to  the  Exertion. 

Sunday,  23d. — Early  this  morning  a  large  number  of  the  pirates 
came  on  board  of  the  Exertion,  threw  gut  the  long  boat,  broka 
open  the  hatches  and  took  out  considerable  of  the  cargo,  in  search 
of  rum,  gin,  &.c.  still  telling  me  "  I  had  some  and  that  tliey  would 
find  it,"  uttering  the  most  awful  profaneness.  In  the  aiternooiB 
their  boat  returned  with  a  perough,*  having  on  board  the  captain, 
his  first  lieu.enant  and  seven  men  of  a  patriot  or  piratical  vessel 
that  was  chusi^d  ashore  at  Cape  Cruz  by  a  Spanish  armed  brig 
These  seven  men  i.iade  their  escape  in  said  boat  and,  after  four 
days,  found  our  pirutes  and  joined  them;  the  remainder  uf  tba 
crew  being  killed  or  taken  prisoners. 

Monday,  Vi4ih — Their  boat  was  manned  and  sent  to  the  before 
mentiiuiod  town. — I  was  informed  by  a  linu  from  Niukolii,  that  the 
pirates  had  a  man  on  board,  a  native  of  Principe,  who  iu  the  garb 
of  a  sailor  was  a  partner  with  Duniinico,  but  I  could  not  get  sight 
of  him.  This  lets  us  a  little  into  the  plans  by  which  tliiit  atrucioui 
system  of  piracy  has  been  carried  on.  Merchants  having  partners 
on  board  of  these  pirates  !  thus  pirates  at  sea  and  robbers  on  land 
are  associated  to  destroy  the  peaceable  trader.  The  willingnc^ 
exhibited  by  the  seven  above-mentioned  men,  to  join  our  gai^ 
of  pirates,  seems  to  look  like  a  general  understanding  amoog 
thetn;  and  from  there  being  merchants  on  shore  soliase  as  to  en- 
courage the  plunder  and  vend  the  goods,  I  am  persuaded  there 
has  been  a  systematic  confederacy  on  the  part  of  these  unprincir 

[tied  desperadoes,  under  cover  of  the  patriot  flag;  and  those  on 
and  are  no  better  than  those  on  the  sea.  If  the  governments  to 
whom  they  belong  know  of  the  atrocities  committed  (and  I  have 
but  little  doubt  they  do)  they  deserve  the  execration  uf  all  man- 
kind. 

Tuesday,  25th,— ^3till  on  board  the  Exertion— weather  very 
calm  and  warm.  The  pirate's  boat  returned  from  St.  Marin,  and 
came  for  candles,  cheese,  potatoes.  Sec.  they  sayintr  thejr  must 
have  them,  and  forbid  my  keeping  any  tight  on  boaid  at  night--- 
took  a  case  of  trunus  for  the  captain's  use  and  departed.  Their 
irritating  conduct  at  this  time  can  hardly  bo  imagined. 
Wednesday,  26ih. — I  was  told  by  Bulidar  that  three  Span^ 

*  A  boil  I  iiiit  of  tvvu  iul'.-'w  uf  a  tarsi  »••  ttoUiiwml  tta  u/ito pdtttiMMr  ■rtt  pS 


MP 


444 


NARRATIVE  OF  CATtUJI  LINCOUT. 


cruisers  were  in  search  of  them,  that  they  could  fight  twoofthAin 
at  once,  (which  by  the  way  i  believe  was  not  true)  and  were  dia- 
appointed  ut  not  finding  them.  Same  evening  they  took  both  of 
my  boats,  and  tiieir  own  men,  towed  their  vessel  out  of  the  creek, 
and  anchored  at  its  mouth,  to  get  rid  of  sand-flies  ;  while  they 
obliged  us  to  stay  on  deck  under  an  awning,  exposed  to  all  the 
violence  of  these  flies;  we  relieved  ourselves  in  some  measure 
by  the  burning  of  tobacco,  which  lasted  but  for  a  shrttt  time. 

Thursday,  'illh. — A  gang  of  the  pirates  came  and  stripped  our 
masts  of  the  green  bushes,  saying,  "  she  appeared  more  like  a 
sail  than  trees  " — took  one  barrel  of  bread  and  one  of  potatoes, 
using  about  one  of  each  every  day.  I  understood  they  were  wait« 
ing  for  boats  to  take  the  cargo;  for  the  principal  merchant  had 
gone  to  Trinidad. 

Friday,  38th. — Nothing  remarkable  occurred  this  day — were 
frequently  called  upon  for  tar  and  butter,  and  junk  to  make  oakum. 
Captain  Jonnia  brought  on  board  with  him  his  new  captain  and 
oflliccr  before  mentioned.  Again  they  asked  for  wine,  and  were 
told  as  before,  they  had  gotten  the  whole. 

Saturday,  29th. — Same  insulting  conduct  continued. — Took  off 
a  barrel  of  crackers. 

Sunday,  30th. — The   begining  of  trouble!    This  day  which 

Eenulinrly  reminds  Christians  of  the  high  duties  of  compassion  and 
enevolencc,  was  never  observed  by  these  pirates.  This,  of 
course,  we  might  expect,  as  they  did  not  often  know  when  the  day 
cnme,  und  if  they  knew  it,  it  was  spent  in  gambling.  The  oid 
tayiiig  among  seamen,  "  no  Sunday  oflT  soundings,"  was  not 
thought  of;  and  c\cn  this  poor  plea  was  not  theirs,  for  they  were 
on  soundings  and  often  at  anchor. — Early  this  morning  the  mer« 
chant,  as  they  called  him,  came  with  a  large  boat  for  the  cargo. 
I  was  immediately  ordered  into  the  boat  with  my  ciew,  not  allow* 
ed  any  breakfast,  and  carried  about  three  miles  to  a  small  island 
out  of  sight  of  the  Exertion  and  left  there  by  the  side  of  a  little 
porid  ofthick,  muddy  water,  which  proved  to  be  very  brackish,  with 
nothing  to  eat  but  a  few  biscuit.  One  of  the  boat's  men  tnld  ut 
the  merchant  was  afraid  of  being  recognised,  and  when  he  had 
gone  the  boat  would  return  for  us;  but  we  had  great  reason  to 
apprehend  they  would  deceive  us,  and  therefore  passed  the  day 
in  the  utmost  anxiety.  At  tiight,  however,  ||iie  boats  came  and 
took  u*>  again  on  board  the  Exertion;  when,  to  our  surprise  and 
astonishment  we  found  they  had  broken  open  the  trunks  and  chests 
und  taken  all  our  wearing  apparel,  not  even  leaving  a  shirt  or  pair 
of  pantaloons,  nor  sparmg  a  small  miniature  of  my  wife  which 
was  in  my  trunk.  The  little  money  I  and  my  mate  had,  with  some 
belonging  to  the  ownera,  my  mate  had  previously  distributed  about 
the  cabin  in  three  or  four  parcels,  while  I  was  on  board  the  pirate, 
for  we  dare  not  keep  it  about  u>;  one  parcel  in  a  butter  pot  they. 
«Ud  oot  discover. — ^Aoiidat  the  hurry  with  which  I  waa  obliged  to 


ght  twoofthAiQ 
c)  and  were  di»> 
ey  took  both  of 
)ut  of  the  creek, 
ies  ;  while  they 
posed  to  all  the 
some  measure 
short  time, 
and  stripped  our 
ed  more  like  a 
ine  of  potatoes,, 
they  were  wait» 
.1  merchant  had 

this  day — were 

to  make  oakum. 

new  captain  and 

wine,  and  were 

nued. — Took  off 

This  day  which 
if  compassion  and 
riites.  This,  of 
low  when  the  day 
nbling.  The  oid 
idings,"  was  not 
irs,  for  they  were 
morning  the  mer« 
}at  for  the  cargo. 
i  ciew,  not  allow- 
to  a  small  island 
he  side  of  a  little 
try  brackish,  with 
oat's  men  told  ui 
ind  when  he  had 
I  great  reason  to 
e  passed  the  day 

boats  came  and 
our  surprise  and 
trunks  and  chests 
ing  a  shirt  or  pair 
if  my  wife  which 
te  had,  with  some 
distributed  about 
I  board  the  pirate, 
a  butter  pot  they< 
\  I  WM  obliged  to 


XAaRATtVE  or  CAPTAI!r  LIXCOLX. 


443 


leave  my  vessel  to  go  to  the  before  mentioned  island,  I  fortunately 
'  -  Itched  my  vessel's  papers,  and  hid  them  in  my  bosom,  which 
U  5  reader  will  find  was  9  happy  circumstance  for  me.  My  writing 
desk,  with  papers,  accounts,  &.c.  all  Mr.  Lord's  lettd  (the  gen- 
tleman to  whorti  my  cargo  was  consigned)  and  several  others  were 
taken  and  maliciously  destroyed.  My  medicine  chest,  which  I 
so  much  wanted,  was  kept  for  their  own  use.  What  their  motive 
could  be  to  take  my  papers  I  could  not  imagine,  except  they  had 
hopes  of  finding  bills  of  lading  for  some  Spaniards,  to  clear  them 
from  piracy.  Mr.  Bracket  had  some  notes  and  papers  of  conse- 
quence to  him,  which  shared  the  same  fate.  My  q;iadrant,  charts, 
books  and  some  bedding  were  not  yet  taken,  but  1  found  it  impos- 
sible to  hide  them,  and  they  were  soon  gone  from  my  sight. 

Monday,  31  st. — We  complained  to  them,  expressing  the  neces- 
sity of  having  clothes  to  cover  us — but,  as  well  might  we  have  ap- 
Eealed  to  the  winds,  and  rather  better,  for  they  would  not  have  up- 
raided  us  in  return.  The  captain,  however,  sent  word  he  would 
■fie  to  it,  and  ordered  their  clothes  bags  to  be  searched,  where  l.e 
found  some  of  our  things,  but  took  good  care  to  put  them  in  his 
own  cabin.  I  urgently  requested  him  to  give  me  the  miniature, 
but,  no  was  all  I  could  get. 

-Tuesday,  January  1st,  1822. — A  sad  new  year's  day  to  me. 
Before  breakfast  orders  came  for  me  to  cut  down  the  Exertion's 
railing  and  bulwarks  on  ono  side,  for  their  vessel  to  heave  out  by, 
and  cfean  her  bottom.  On  my  hesitating  a  little  they  observed 
with  anger,  "  very  well  captain,  suppose  you  no  do  it  quick,  we 
do  it  for  you."— Directly  aflerwards  another  boat  full  of  armed 
men  came  along  side;  they  jumped  on  deck  with  swords  drawn 
and  ordered  all  of  us  into  her  immediately;  I  stepped  below,  in 
hopes  of  getting  something  which  would  be  of  service  to  us;  but 
the  captain  hallooed,  "Go  in  the  boat  directly  or  I  wili  fire  upon 
you." — Thus  compelled  to  obey,  we  were  carried,  together  with 
four  Spanish  prisoners,  to  a  small,  low  isiand^or  key  of  sand  in  the 
shape  of  a  half  moon  and  partly  covered  with  mangrove  trees; 
which  was  about  one  mile  from  and  in  sight  of  my  vessel.  There 
they  left  nine  of  us,  with  a  little  bread,  flour,  fish,  lard,  a  little 
coffee  and  molasses;  two  or  three  kegs  of  water,  which  was  brack 
ish ;  an  old  sail  for  a  covering,  and  a  pot  and  some  other  small 
articles  no  way  fit^to  cook  in.  Leaviqg  us  these,  which  were 
mucn  less  than  they  appear  in  the  enumeration,  they  pushed  off, 
saying,  "we  will  come  to  see  you  in  a  day  or  two." — Selecting 
the  best  place,  we  spread  the  old  sail  for  an  awning;  but  no  place 
was  free  from  flies,  moschetoes,  snakes,  the  venomous  stinged 
scorpion  and  the  more  venomous  santipee.  Sometimes  they  were 
found  crawling  inside  of  our  pantaloons,  but  fortunately  no  injury 
was  received.  This  afternoon  the  pirates  hove  their  vessel  out 
by  the  lilxertion  and  cleaned  one  sido,  using  her  paints,  oil,  &,e. 
W  tltflt  ourpose.—To  see  my  vessel  in  that  sUuatiou  and  to  tbiak 

28 


mm 


446 


NAnRATIVS  or  CAFTAIir  tmcoLir^ 


of  our  prospects  was  a  source  of  the  deepest  distress.  At  night 
wo  retired  to  our  tent;  but  having  notiting  but  the  cold  damp 
ground  for  a  bed,  and  the  heavy  dew  of  night  penetrating  the  ola 
canvass — the  uituation  of  tho  island  being  titty  miles  from  tlie  usual  - 
track  of  friendly  vessels,  and  one  hundred  and  thirty-live  tirum 
Trinidad — seeing  my  owner's  property  so  unjustly  and  wantonly 
destroyed — considering  n<y  condition,  the  hands  at  whose  mercy 
1  was,  and  deprived  oi  all  hope*,  rendered  sleep  or  rest  a  stranger 
to  mc. 

Wednesday,  2d.  The  pirates  hove  out  and  cleaned  the  other 
side.  She  then  commenced  loading  with  the  Kxeriion's  cargo, 
which  appeared  to  be  flour  and  lard.  In  tho  afternoon  their  boat 
came  and  took  two  of  the  Spaniards  with  them  to  another  iirland 
for  water,  and  aoon  after  returned  with  four  kegs  of  poor,  un- 
wholesome water,  and  left  us,  sayiftg  they  should  not  bring  us 
provisions  again  for  some  time;  as  tney  were  going  away  with 
goods  from  the  prize,  to  be  gone  two  or  three  days."  According- 
ly they  brought  a  present  supply  of  beef,  pork,  and  a  few  potatoes, 
with  some  bedding  for  myself  and  mate.  The  mangrove  wood 
afforded  us  a  good  Are,  as  one  of  the  Spanish  prisoners  happened 
to  have  fire-wurks;  and  others  had  tobacco  and  paper  with  which 
we  made  cigars.  About  this  time  one  of  my  men  began  to  be 
unwell;  his  legs  and  body  swelled  considerably,  but  having  oo 
medicine  I  could  not  do  much  to  relieve  him. 

Thursday,  3d.  The  pirates  had  dropped  off  from  the  Kxcrtion, 
but  kept  their  boats  employed  in  bringing  the  cargo  from  her;  I 
supposed  it  to  be  kegs  of  lard  to  make  stowage.  They  then  got 
under  way  with  a  perough  in  tow,  both  deeply  laden,  ran  out  of 
the  harbor,  hauled  on  the  wind  to  the  eastward  till  out  of  sight 
behind  the  Keys;  leaving  a  guard  on  board  the  Exertion. 

Friday,  4th. — Commenced  with  light  winds  and  hot  sun,  saw  a 
boat  coming  from  the  Esertion,  apparently  loaded;  she  passed 
between  two  small  Keys  to  northward,  supposed  to  be  bound  for 
Cuba.  At  sunset  a  boat  came  and  inquired  if  we  wanted  any 
thing,  but  instead  of  adding  to  our  provisions,  took  away  our 
molasses,  and  pushed  off.  We  found  one  of  the  Exertion's  water 
casks,  and  several  pieces  of  plank,  which  we  carefully  laid  up, 
in  hopes  of  getting  enough  to  make  a  raft, 

Saturday,  oth.— Pirates  again  in  sip;ht  co'ming  from  the  east- 
ward; they  beat  up  along  side  their  prize,  and  commenced  \  lad- 
ing. In  the  afternoon  Nickola  came  to  us,  bringing  with  him 
two  more  prisoners,  which  they  had  taken  in  a  small  sail  boat 
coming  from  Trinidad  to  Man^aneil,  one  a  Fren'  Sman,  the  other 
a  Scotchman,  with  two  Spaniards,  who  remained  on  board  the 
pu-nte,  and  who  afterwards  joined  them.  The  back  of  one  of 
these  poor  fellows  was  extremely  sore,  having  just  suffered  a 
cnuel  belling  from  Bolidar,  with  the  broad  side  of  a  cutlass.  It 
sppoored,  ttiftt  when  the  officer  aiked  him  "  where  their  mow^ 


SB.  At  night 
he  cold  damp 
rating  the  ola 
from  the  usual  - 
lirty-tive  from 
and  wantonly 
whose  mercy 
rest  a  stronger 

ined  the  other 
Bftion's  cargo, 
noon  their  boat 
another  Ulaod 
;a  of  poor,  un- 
d  not  bring  us 
ling  away  with 
,"     According- 
a  few  potatoes, 
nangrovo  wood 
oners  happened 
aper  witli  wluch 
en  began  to  ba 
,  but  having  no 

m  the  Exertion, 
rgo  from  her;  I 

They  then  got 
aden,  ran  out  of 
till  out  of  Right 
Exertion, 
id  hot  sun,  saw  a 
,ded;  she  passed 
i  to  be  bound  for 
f  we  wanted  any 

took  away  our 

Exertion's  water 

:arefully  laid  up, 

jg  from  the  east- 
commenced  1  tad- 
linging  with  him 
a  small  sail  boat 
niSmao,  the  other 
ned  on  board  the 
3  back  of  one  of 
g  ju8t  suffered  a 
I  of  a  cutlass.  It 
here  their  oiQWgr 


HARRATIVE  OF  CArTAIlT  LIRGOUr. 


447 


was,  and  how  much,"  he  answered,  ''  he  was  not  certain  but  be* 
lieved  they  had  only  two  ounces  of  gold'' — Bolidar  furiously 
swore  he  said  "ten,"  and  not  finding  any  more,  gave  him  the, 
beating.  >i'ickola  now  related  to  me  a  singular  fact;  which  was, 
that  the  Spanish  part  of  their  crew  were  determined  to  shoot  him; 
that  they  tied  him  to  the  mast,  and  a  man  was  appointed  for  the 
purpose;  but  Lyon,  a  Frenchman,  his  particular  friend,  stepped 
up  and  told  them,  if  they  shot  him,  they  must  shoot  several  more; 
some  of  the  Spaniards  sided  with  him,  and  he  was  released. 
JNicknln  told  me,  tho  reason  for  such  treatment  was,  that  he  coa« 
tinually  objected  to  their  conduct  towards  me,  and  their  opinion 
was  if  he  should  escape  they  would  be  discovered,  as  he  declared 
he  would  take  no  prize  money.  While  with  us,  he  gave  me  a 
letter  written  in  great  haste,  which  contains  some  particulars  re- 
spectiog  the  cargof — as  follows: — 

January  4,  1832. 

Sir — We  arrived  here  this  morning,  and  before  we  came  to 
anchor,  had  five  canoes  alongside  ready  to  take  your  cargo,  part 
of  which  we  had  in;  and  as  I  heard  you  express  a  wish,  to  know 
what  they  took  out  of  her,  to  this  moment,  you  may  depend  on 
this  account  of  Jamieson,*  for  quality  and  quantity;  if  I  nave  the 
■ame  opportunity  you  will  have  an  account  of  the  whole.  The 
villain  who  bought  your  cargo  is  from  the  town  of  Pritieipe,  his 
name  is  Dominico,  as  to  that  it  is  all  that  I  can  learn;  they  have 
taken  your  charts  on  board  the  schooner  Mexican  and  I  suppose 
mean  to  keep  them,  as  the  other  captain  has  acreed  to  act  the 
same  infamous  part  in  the  tragedy  of  his  life.  Your  clothes  are 
here  on  board,  but  do  not  let  me  flatter  you,  that  you  will  get 
.them  back;  it  may  be  so,  and  it  may  not.  Perhaps  in  your  old 
a^e,  when  you  recline  with  ease  in  a  corner  of  your  collage,  you 
will  have  the  goodness  to  drop  a  tear  of  pleasure  to  the  memory 
of  biiii,  whose  highest  ambition  should  nave  been  to  subscribe 
himself,  though  devoted  to  the  gallows,  your  friend, 

Excuse  haste.  Njckola  Moxacrc. 

P.  S.    Your  aoawer  in  writing  when  I  pome  ag^in. 

Sunday,  6th. — Tho  pirates  were  under  way  at  sunrise,  with  a 
full  load  of  the  Exertion's  cargo,  goinji;  to  Principe  again,  to  sell 
a  second  freight,  which  was  done  readily  for  cash.  I  afterwards 
heard  that  the  flour  brought  only  five  dollars  per  barrel,  when  it 
was  worth  at  Trinidad  thirteen;  so  that  the  villain  who  bought  my 
cargo  at  Principe,  made  very  large  profits  by  it. 

Monday,  7th. — Tho  pirates  brought  more  water,  but  being  very 
brackish,  it  was  unfit  for  use.  Wc  were  now  greatly  alarmed  at 
Thomas*  ill  health,  being  suddenly  attacked  with  a  pain  in  the 
bead,  and  swelling  of  the  right  eye,  attended  with  derangement^ 

'Thisisthoml  aauieof  ^iekols.  )     ' 


,m^;i 


mgBBgBBBmm0 


448 


HARRATIVE  OF  CA?TAIir  LINCOLN. 


He  however  soon  became  better;  but  hia  eye  remained  swollen 
Bevcral  i*.iys  without  much  pain.  In  the  evening  we  had  some 
heavy  showers  of  rain,  and  having  no  secure  cabin,  no  sheltered 
retreat,  our  exposure  made  us  p^ass  a  very  uncomfortable  night. 

Tuesday,  8th. — Early  this  mDrning  the  piratqs  in  sight  again, 
with  fore  top  sail  and  top  gallant  sail  set ;  beat  up  along  side  of 
the  Exertion  and  commenced  loading;  having,  as  1  supposed,  sold 
fend  discharged  her  last  I'rcight  among  some  of  the  inhabitants  of 
Cuba.  They  appeared  to  load  in  great  haste;  and  the  son^  "O 
he  oh,"  which  echoed  from  one  vessel  to  the  other,  was  distnictly 
heard  by  us.  How  wounding  was  this  to  me!  How  diflerent 
was  this  sound  from  what  it  would  have  been,  had  I  been  permit- 
ted to  pass  unmolested  by  these  lawless  plunderers,  and  been 
favored  with  a  safe  arrival  at  the  port  of  jny  destination,  where 
Vny  cargo  would  have  found  an  excellent  sale.  Then  would  the 
"  O  he  ho*,"  on  i(s  di^iuharging,  have  been  a  delightful  sound  to 
me.  In  tite  iifternoon  she  sailed  with  the  perough  in  tow,  both 
with  a  lull  load;  having  chairs,  which  was  part  of  the  cargo,  slung 
at  her  quarters. 

Wednesday,  9th  — Very  calm  and  warm.  The  swarms  of 
moschetoes  and  flies  made  us  pass  a  very  uncomfortable  day. 
We  dug  in  the  sand  for  water,  but  were  disappointed  at  finding 
none  so  good  as  they  leil  us.  In  walking  round  amonz  the 
bushes,  I  accidentally  discovered  a  hole  in  the  sand,  and  saw 
something  run  into  it;  curiosity  led  me  to  dig  about  it.  With  the 
help  of  Mr.  Bracket  I  found  at  the  distance  of  seven  feet  fioro 
its  mouth,  and  one  from  the  surface,  a  large  solitary  rat,  apparent- 
ly several  years  old ;  he  had  collected  a  large  nest  of  grass  and 
leaves;  but  there  was  not  the  least  appearance  of  any  other  being 
on  the  island. 

Thursday,  10th. — No  pirates  in  sight.  The  day  was  passed  in 
anxious  suspense;  David  Warren  being  quite  sick. 

Friday,  11th. — They  came  and  hauled  along-side  of  the  Exer* 
tion,  but  I  think  took  out  none  of  her  cargo:  but  had,  as  I  sup- 
posed, a  vendue  on  board,  wherein  was  sold  among  themselves, 
all  our  clothing,  books,  quadrants,  charts,  spy-glasses,  and  every 
thing  belonging  to  us  and  our  fellow  prisoners.  I  was  aflerwards 
told  they  brought  a  good  price;  but  what  they  could  want  of  the 
Bible,  Prayer-Book  and  many  other  books  in  English,  v/aa 
matter  of  astonishment  to  me. 

Saturday,  12th. — Thej  remained  along  side  the  Exertion;  took 
her  paints,  oil,  brushes,  &c.  and  gave  their  vessel  a  new  coat  of 
paint  i\\  round,  and  a  whito  boot  top — took  .the  perough  to 
anothr  r  key  and  caulked  her — there  was  no  appearance  of  their 
taking  any  cargo  out;  the  Exertion  however  appeared  considerably 
liigh  out  of  water.  About  sunset  the  pirates  went  out  of  the 
harbor  on  a  cruise. — Here  wc  had  been  staying  day  after  day, 
fUoA  exposed  night  after  night— appreheDuions  for  our  safety  were 


■emaincd  swollen 

.ng  we  had  some 

bin,  no  sheltered 

omfortable  night. 

i  in  sight  again, 

up  along  side  of 

I  supposed,  sold 

le  inhabitants  of 

and  the  son^  "O 

her,  was  distnictly 

i\     How  diflerent 

lad  I  been  permit- 

iderers,  and  been 

lestination,  where 

Then  would  the 

delightful  sound  to 

ough  in  tow,  both 

of  the  cargo,  slung 

The  swarms  of 
uncomfortable  day. 
ppointcd  at  finding 

round  amonz  the 
the  sand,  and  saw 
about  it.     With  the 

of  seven  feet  from 
ilitary  rat,  apparent- 
{6  nest  of  grass  and 
:e  of  any  other  being 

e  day  was  passed  in 
sick. 

[)g-side  of  the  Exer* 
:  but  had,  as  I  sup« 
i  among  themselves, 
y-glasses,  and  every 
s.  I  was  afterwards 
;y  could  want  of  the 
{s  in  English,   v/as 

e  the  Exertion;  took 
'easel  a  new  cont  of 
)ok  the  pe rough  to 
appearance  of  their 
ppeared  considerably 
tcs  went  out  of  the 
lying  day  after  day, 
Ls  for  our  safety  were 


KAR^ATIVB  or  CAPTAIN   LIXC0I..X. 


449 


1 


much  increased ;  what  was  to  become  of  us,  seemed  now  to  rush 
into  every  one's  mind. 

Sunday,  Idth. — Deprived  of  our  good  books,  deprived  in  fact 
of  every  thing,  save  life,  and  our  ideas  respecting  our  fate  so 
gloomy,  all  tended  to  render  time,  especially  the  Lord's  day, 
hurdensome  to  us.  In  the  alterno.in  a  boat  came  for  cargo,  from, 
as  1  supposed,  that  villain  Dominico. 

Monday,  14th. — They  again  hove  in  sight,  and  b^t  up,  aa 
usual,  alnng-sido  their  prize.  While  passing  our  solitary  island, 
thoy  laughed  at  our  mistery  which  was  almost  insupportable- 
looking  upon  us  as  though  we  had  committed  some  heinous 
crime,  and  they  had  not  sufficiently  punished  us;  they  hallooed  to 
us,  crying  out,  "  Captain,  Captain,"  accompanied  with  obscene 
motions  and  words,  with  which  I  shall  not  blacken  these  pages- 
yet  I  heard  no  check  upon  such  conduct,  nor  could  J  expect  it 
among  such  a  gang,  who  have  no  idea  of  subordinatiftn  on  board, 
except  wheu  in  chase  of  vessels,  and  even  then  but  very  littlt 
My  resentment  was  excited  at  such  a  malicious  outrage,  and  ) 
felt  a  disposition  to  revenge  myself,  should  fortune  ever  favor  me 
with  an  opportunity.'  It  was  beyond  human  nature  not  to  feei 
end  express  some  indignation  at  such  treatment. — Soon  after, 
Bolidar,  witti  five  men,  well  armed,  cume  to  us;  he  having  n 
blunderbuss,  cutlass,  a  long  knito  and  pair  of  pistols — but  for 
what  purpose  did  he  come?  He  took  me  by  the  hand  saying, 
"  Captain,  me  speak  with  you,  walk  this  way."  I  obeyed,  and 
when  wc  were  at  some'  distanut?  from  my  fellow  prisoners,  (his 
men  following)  he  said,  "  tho  captain  send  me  for  your  wash." 
I  pretended  not  to  understand  what  he  meant  and  replied  "  I  have 
no  clothes,  nor  any  soap  to  wash  with — you  have  taken  them 
all" — for  I  had  kept  my  watch  about  me,  hoping  they  would 
not  discover  it.  He  demanded  it  again  as  before;  and  was 
answered,  "I  have  nothing  to  wash;"  this  raised  his  anger, 
and  lifting  his  blunderbuss  he  roared  out,  "  what  the  d — 1  you 
call  him  that  make  clock?  give  it  me" — I  considered  it  im- 
prudent to  contend  any  longer  and  submitted  to  his  unlawful 
demand. — As  he  was  going  off,  he  gave  me  a  small  bundle  in 
which  was  a  pair  of  linen  drawers,  sent  to  me  by  Nickola,  and  also 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Brooks'  "  Family  Prayer  Book."  This  gave  me 
ffreat  satisfaction. — Soon  after,  he  returned  with  his  captain  who 
had  one  arm  slung  up,  yet  with  as  many  implements  of  war,  as  his 
diminutive  wicked  self  could  conveniently  carry;  he  told  me 
(through  an  interpreter  who  was  a  prisoner)  "  that  on  his  cruise, 
he  had  fallen  in  with  two  Spanish  privateers,  and  beat  them  ofT; 
but  had  three  of  his  men  killed  and  himself  wounded  in  the  atm" 
—Bolidar  turned  to  me  and  said,  "  it  is  a  d — n  lie" — which  words 
proved  to  be  correct,  for  his  arm  was  not  wounded,  and  when  I 
saw  him  again,  which  was  soon  afterwards,  he  forgot  to  sling  it 
up.  He  further  told  me,  "  after  to-morrow  you  shall  go  with  your 

33» 


...miymmim'** 


450 


KAVrtATIVI  or  CArTAI!f   LI!(COI.If. 


vessel  and  we  will  accompany  you  towards  Trinidad.'  This  gave 
mo  some  new  hopes,  and  why  I  could  not  tell.  'J'Uey  then  left  us 
without  rendering  any  assistance.— -This  night  we  got  some  rest. 

Tuesday,  loth. — The  words  "go  after  to-morrow,"  were  used 
among  our  Spanish  fellow  prisoners,  as  though  that  happy  to- 
morrow  would  never  come— in  what  manner  it  came  will  soon  bs 
noticed. 

Wednesdny,  16th. — One  of  their  boats  came  to  inquire  if  we 
hiid  seen  a  boat  pass  by  last  night,  for  their  small  sloop  sail  boat 
was  gone  and  two  men  deserted:  1  told  them  "  no" — at  heart  I 
could  not  but  rejoice  at  the  escape,  and  a|H>rove  the  deserters — I 
said  nothing,  however,  of  this  kind  to  the  pirates.  On  their 
return,  they  manned  three  of  their  boats  and  sent  them  in  different 
directions  to  search,  but  at  night  came  back  without  finding  boat 
or  men.  They  now  took  our  old  sail,  which  hitherto  had  8ome« 
what  shelterecl  us,  to  make,  as  I  supposed,  some  small  sail  for 
their  vessel.  This  rendered  our  night  more  uncomfortable  than 
before,  for  in  those  islands  the  night  dews  are  very  heavy. 

Thursday,  17th,  was  passed  with  great  impatience. — Th« 
Exertion  having  been  unmoored  and  swung  to  her  anchor,  gav* 
some  hopes  of  being  restored  to  her;  but  was  disappointed. 

Oiday,  18th,  commenced  with  brighter  prospects  uf  liberty  than 
ever — the  pirates  were  employed  in  setting  up  our  devoted  schoon- 
er's shroufis,  ettiya,  &c.  My  condition  now  reminded  me  of  the 
hungry  man,  chained  in  one  corner  of  a  room,  while  at  another 
part  was  a  table  loaded  with  delicious  food  and  fruits,  the  smell 
and  sight  of  which  he  was  continually  to  experience,  but,  alas!  hit 
chains  were  never  to  be  loosed  that  he  might  go  and  partake — at 
almost  the  same  moment  they  were  thus  employed,  the  axe  was 
applied  with  the  greatest  dexterity  to  both  her  masts,  and  I  saw 
them  fall  over  the  side!  Here  fell  my  hopes— 1  looked  at  my 
condition,  and  then  thought  of  home. — Our  Spanish  fellow  prison- 
ers were  so  disappointed  and  alarmed,  that  they  recommended 
hiding  ourselves,  if  possible,  among  the  mangrove  trees,  beiiev^ - 
iiig,  as  they  said,  we  should  now  certainly  be  put  to  'leath;  or, 
what  was  worse,  compelled  to  serve  on  board  the  .  xican  as 
piiates.  Little  else  it  is  true  seemed  left  for  us;  however,  we 
Kept  a  bright  look  out  for  them  during  the  day,  and  at  night  "  an 
anchor  watch"  as  we  called  it,  determined  if  wo  discovered  their 
boats  coming  towards  us,  to  adopt  the  plan  of  hiding,  although 
starvation  stared  us  in  the  face;  yet  preferred  that  to  instant 
death.  This  night  was  passed  in  sufficient  anxiety — I  took  the 
first  watch. 

Saturday,  19th. — The  pirate's  large  boat  came  for  us— -it  being 
daylight,  and  supposing  they  could  see  us,  determined  to  stand 
our  ground  and  wait  the  result.  They  ordered  us  all  into  the 
boat,  but  lel\  every  thing  else;  they  rowed  towards  the  Exertion 
—I  noticed  a  dejection  of  spirits  in  one  of  the  pirates,  and  ii^ 


^i 


VARRATivs  or  CArTAiN  iwcour. 


451 


This  gave 
fey  then  left  ui 
ot  some  rest. 
,"  were  used 
hat  happy  to- 
will  soon  bs 

inquire  if  we 

sloop  sail  boat 
—at  heart  1 
e  deserters — I 

tes.  On  their 
em  in  dilTerent 

ut  finding  boat 

erto  had  some« 
small  sail  for 

mfortable  than 

Y  heavy. 

•atience. — Th« 

r  anchor,  gav* 

ppointed. 

s  of  liberty  than 
devoted  schoon- 

nded  me  of  the 
vhWe  at  another 
fruits,  the  smell 
:e,  but,  alas!  hit 
and  partake — at 
ed,  the  axe  was 
asts,  and  I  saw 
1  looked  at  my 
ish  fellow  prison^ 
y  recommended 
e  trees,  believ« 
It  to  rieath;  or, 
he  .  xican  as 
s;  however,  we 
id  at  night  "  an 
discovered  their 
tiding,  although 

that  to  instant 
Jty — I  took  the 

for  us— -it  being 
rmined  to  stand 
us  all  into  the 
ds  the  Exertion 
pirates,  and  ii%> 


quired  of  him  where  they  were  going  to  carry  us?  He  shook 
his  head  and  replied  "  I  do  not  know.  I  now  had  some  hopea 
of  visiting  my  vessel. again»-but  the  pirates  made  sail,  run  down, 
took  us  in  tow  and  stood  out  of  the  narbor.  Bolidar  afterwards 
took  me,  my  mate  and  two  of  my  men  on  board  and  gave  us  some 
cofiee.  On  examination  I  found  they  bad  several  additional  light 
sails,  made  of  the  Exertion's.  Almost  every  man,  a  pair  of  can« 
vass  trousers;  and  my  colors  cut  up  and  made  into  belts  to  carry 
their  money  about  them. — My  jolly  boat  was  on  deck,  and  I  was 
informed,  all  my  rigging  was  disposed  of.  Several  of  the  pirate* 
bad  on  some  of  my  clothes,  and  the  captain  one  of  my  best  shirts, 
a  cleaner  onet  than  I  had  ever  seen  him  have  on  before. — Ho 
kept  at  a  good  distance  from  me,  and  forbid  my  friend  ?Jiukola's 
•peaking  to  me. — I  saw  from  the  companion  way  in  the  captain's 
cabin  my  quadrant,  spy  glass  and  other  things  which  belonged  to 
us,  and  observed  by  the  compass,  that  the  course  steered  was 
about  west  by  south, — distance  nearly  twenty  miles,  which  brought 
thorn  up  with  a  cluster  of  islands  called  by  some  "  Cayman 
Keys."  Here  they  anchrred  and  caught  some  fish,  (one  of 
which  was  nnmed  guaitlJUh)  of  which  we  had  a  taste,  I  ohaerv- 
ed  that  my  friend  Mr.  Bracket  was  somewhat  dejected,  and  asked 
him  in  a  low  voice,  what  his  opinion  was  with  respect  to  our  fate? 
He  answered,  "  I  cannot  tell  you,  but  it  appears  to  me  the  worst 
is  to  come,"  I  told  him  that  I  hoped  not,  but  thought  they  would 
give  us  our  small  boat  and  liberate  the  prisoners.  But  mercy 
even  in  this  shape  was  not  left  for  us.  Soon  after,  saw  the  cap* 
tain  and  officers  whispering  for  some  time  in  private  conference. 
When  over,  their  boat  was  manned  under  the  command  of  Bolidar, 
and  went  to  one  of  those  Islands  or  Keys  before  mentioned,^ 
On  their  return,  another  conference  took  place-— whether  it  was 
a  jury  upon  our  lives  we  could  not  tell — I  did  not  think  conscience 
could  be  entirely  extinguished  in  the  human  breast,  or  that  man 
could  become  fiends.  In  the  afternoon  while  we  knew  not  tlie 
doom  which  had  been  fixed  for  us,  the  captain  was  engaged  with 
several  of  his  men  in  gambling,  in  hopes  to  get  Back  some  of  the 
five  hundred  dollars,  they  said,  he  lost  but  a  few  nights  before; 
which  had  made  him  unusually  fractious.  A  little  before  sunset 
he  ordered  all  the  prisoners  into  the  large  boat  with  a  supply  of 
provisions  and  water,  and  to  be  put  on  shore.  While  we  were 
getting  into  her,  one  of  my  fellow  prisoners,  a  Spaniard,  attempt- 
ed wiin  tears  in  his  eyes  to  speak  to  the  captain,  but  was  refused, 
with  the  answer—"  I'll  have  nothing  to  say  to  any  prisoner,  go 
into  the  boat."  In  the  mean  time  Nickola  said  to  me,  "My 
friend,  I  will  give  you  your  book,"  (being  Mr.  Colnian's  Ser- 
mons,)  "  it  is  the  only  thing  of  yours  that  is  in  my  possession,  I 

*Thl(K«y  WM  fliti  of  manirove  treca,  whoM  topn  turn  down  andtaka  mnt,  rcirmint  t 
kind  ut  iiinhrnlln.  The  tide  at  nlah  waUr  flowi  two  flwt  deiip  under  tham :  II  la  ibaratuit 
impoMUl*  foe  liumui  lteio|i  m  Uvt  lao|  amoDg  Umis,  •«•■  wiUi  food  and  wuar. 


, 


nss 


vSnafssiH'' 


^i> 


452 


NARRATIVE  OP  CAPTAI.f   LlXCOI.Jf. 


dare  not  attempt  nny  thing  ronre."  But  the  captain  forbid  hia 
giving  it  to  ine,  and  I  stepped  into  tlie  boat — at  that  moment 
Nickula  said  in  n  low  voice,  "  never  mind,  I  may  see  you  again 
bel'ure  I  die."  The  smiill  boat  was  well  arrni'd  and  manned,  and 
both  HCt  off  together  for  the  iahind,  wiiere  they  had  agreed  to 
leave  us  to  perish!  The  scene  to  us  was  a  funeral  scene.  There 
were  no  arin-s  in  the  prisoners'  boat,  and,  of  course,  all  attempt* 
to  relieve  ourselves  would  have  been  throwing  our  lives  uvtray,  u 
Bolidar  was  near  us,  well  armed.  We  were  rowed  about  two 
miles  northeasterly  from  the  pirates,  to  a  small  low  island,  lone)/ 
and  desolate.  We  arrived  about  sunset;  ond  for  the  support  of 
us  eleven  prisoners,  they  only  left  a  ten  gallon  keg  of  water,  and 
perhaps  a  few  quarts,  in  another  small  vessel,  which  was  very 
poor;  part  of  a  barrel  of  flour,  a  small  keg  of  lard,  one  ham  and 
some  su'  fish;  a  small  kettle  and  an  old  broken  pot;  an  old  sail 
for  a  covering,  and  a  small  mattrass  and  blanket,  which  was  thrown 
out  as  the  boats  hastened  away.  One  of  the  prisoners  happened 
to  have  a  little  coffee  in  his  pocket,  and  these  comprehended  all 
our  means  of  sustaining  life,  and  for  what  length  of  time  wa 
knetv  not.  We  now  felt  the  need  of  water,  and  our  supply  was 
(Mtinparntivcly  nothing. — A  man  may  live  nearly  twice  as  long 
without  fond,  as  without  water. — Look  at  us  now,  my  friends, 
leH  benighted  on  a  little  spot  of  sand  in  the  midst  of  the  ocean, 
far  from  the  usual  track  of  ve  sels,  and  every  appearance  of  a 
%iiilent  thunder  tempest,  Lid  u  boisterous  night.  Judge  of  my 
ffi'inigs,  and  the  circumstances  which  our  band  of  suflerers  now 
witnessed. — Perhaps  you  can  and  have  pitied  us— I  assure  yoii, 
wc  were  very  wretched;  and  to  paint  the  scene,  is  not  within  my 
power.  When  the  boats  were  moving  from  the  shore,  on  recov- 
ering myself  a  little,  I  asked  Bolidar,  "  If  ho  was  going  to  leave 
u«  so?" — he  answered,  "  no,  only  two  days — we  go  for  water  and 
wood,  then  come  bu^k,  take  you."  I  requested  him  to  give  us 
bread  and  other  stores,  for  they  had  plenty  in  the  boat,  and  at 
least  one  hundred  barrels  of  flour  in  the  Mexican  "  no,  no,  suppc  je 
to-morrow  morning  me  come,  me  give  you  bread,"  and  hurried 
ofi*  to  their  vessel.  This  was  the  last  time  I  saw  him.  We  then 
turned  our  attention  upon  finding  a  spot  most  convenient  for  our 
comfort,  and  soon  discovered  a  little  roof  supported  by  stakes 
driven  into  the  sand;*  it  was  thatched  with  leaves  of  the  cocoa-nut 
tree,  considerable  part  of  which  was  torn  or  blown  off".  After 
spreading  the  old  sail  over  this  roof,  we  placed  our  little  stock  of 
provisions  under  it.  Soon  after  came  on  a  heavy  shower  of  rain 
which  penetrated  the  canvass,  and  made  it  nearlyas  uncomforta- 
ble inside,  as  it  would  have  been  out.  We  were  not  prepared  to 
catch  water,  having  nothing  to  put  it  in.  Our  next  object  was  to 
get  fire,  and  after  gathering  some  of  the  driest  fuel  to  be  found, 

*  Thii  was  prnhably  erecti'd  by  tba  turUe  men  or  fiiben,  wbo  visit  Ihsse  iilonds  in  June, 
bl  Um  purpose:  of  liieir  trads. 


;)tain  forbid  hit 
at  that  moment 
gee  you  again 
d  manned,  and 
had  agreed  to 
scene.     Thcro 
rae,  all  attempt* 
r  lives  away,  u 
wed  about  two 
w  island,  lonely 
the  support  of 
eg  of  water,  end 
which  was  very 
ird,  one  ham  and 
I  pot ;  an  old  sail 
«hich  wM  thrown 
isoners  happened 
:omprehended  all 
sngih  of  time  we 
d  our  supply  was 
fly  twice  as  long 
now,  my  friends, 
lidst  of  the  ocean, 
'  appearance  of  a 
ht.     Judge  of  my 
a  of  sufferers  now 
us — I  assure  you, 
;,  is  not  within  my 
e  shore,  on  vecov- 
was  going  to  leave 
ve  go  for  water  and 
ted  him  to  give  us 
in  the  boat,  and  at 
n"no,  no,  suppcje 
■ead,"  and  hurried 
law  him.     We  then 
convenient  for  our 
upported  by  stakes 
^es  of  the  cocoa-nut 
blown  off.     After 
d  our  little  stock  of 
savy  shower  of  rain 
arlyaa  uncomforta- 
rere  not  prepared  to 
r  next  object  was  to 
;st  fuel  to  be  found, 

vitU  tlieM  lilandt  in  Jam, 


NARRATIVE  OF  CAPTAIN   LINCOL.V. 


453 


and  having  a  smnll  piece  of  cotton  wick-yarn,  with  flint  and  steel, 
we  kindled  a  fire,  which  was  never  atierward.s  suffered  to  be  ex- 
tinguitihed.  The  night  wtis  very  dark,  but  wc  found  n  piece  of 
old  rope,  which  when  well  lighted  served  for  a  can.llc.  On  ex- 
aminiiii;  the  ground  under  tho  roof,  wc  foutid  perhaps  thousands  of 
cree|>ing  insects,  sc.orpionj,  lizards,  crickets,  &.c.  After  scraping 
them  out  as  well  as  we  could,  the  most  of  us  having  nothing  but 
the  damp  earth  for  a  bed,  laid  ourselves  down  in  hopes  of  some 
rest;  but  it  being  so  wet,  gave  many  of  us  severe  colds,  and  one 
of  the  Spaniards  was  quite  sick  fur  several  days. 

Sunday,  i20th. — As  soon  as  daylight  came  on,  we  proceeded  to 
take  a  view  of  our  little  island,  nod  found  it  to  measure  only  one 
•ere,  of  coarse,  white  sand;  about  two  feet,  and  in  some  spots 
perhaps  three  feet  above  the  surface  of  the  ocenn.  On  the  high* 
•St  part  were  growing  some  Pushes  and  small  mangroves,  (the 
dry  part  of  which  was  our  1  .1)  and  the  wild  caster  oil  beans. 
We  were  greatly  disappointed  in  not  finding  the  latter  suitable 
food;  likewise  some  of  the  prickly  pear  bushes,  which  gave  us 
only  a  few  pears  about  the  size  of  our  smnll  button  pear;  the 
outside  has  thorns,  which  if  applied  to  the  fingers  or  lips,  will 
remain  there,  and  cause  a  severe  smarting  similar  to  the  nettle; 
the  inside  u  spungy  substance  full  of  juice  and  seeds,  which  are 
red  and  a  little  tartish — had  they  been  there  in  abundance,  wo 
should  not  have  suffered  so  much  for  water — but  alas!  even  this 
substitute  was  nnt  for  us.  On  the  northerly  side  of  the  island 
was  a  hollow,  where  the  tide  penetrated  the  sand,  leaving  stag* 
nant  water.  Wo  presumed,  in  hurricanes  the  island  was  nearly 
overfiowed.  According  to  the  best  calculations  I  could  make, 
we  were  about  thirty  five  miles  from  any  part  of  Cuba,  one  hun- 
dred from  Trinidad  and  forty  from  the  usual  trnck  of  American 
vessels,  or  others  which  might  pass  that  way.  No  vessel  of  any 
considerable  size,  can  safely  pass  among  these  Keys  or  "  Queen's 
Gardens,"  (as  the  Spaniards  call  them)  being  a  large  number 
extending  from  Capo  jPruz  to  Trinidad,  one  hundred  and  tifty 
niile»  distance;  and  many  more  than  the  charts  have  laid  down, 
most  of  them  very  low  and  some  covered  at  high  water,  which 
makes  it  very  dangerous  for  navirrntors  without  a  skilful  pilot. 
AAer  taking  this  view  of  our  cndition,  which  was  very  gliomy, 
we  began  to  suspect  we  were  left  on  this  desolate  island  by  those 
merciless  plunderers  to  perish.  Of  this  I  am  now  fully  convinced; 
still  ive  looked  an.xiously  for  the  pirate's  boat  to  come  according 
to  promise  with  more  water  and  provisions,  but  looked  in  vain. 
We  saw  them  soon  after  get  under  way  with  all  sail  set  and  lUn 
directly  from  us  until  out  of  our  sight,  and  we  mvcr  saw  them  ae;aiu! 
one  may  partially  imagine  our  feeling's,  but  they  cannot  he  put 
into  words.  Before  they  were  entir».'ly  out  of  sight  of  us,  we 
rnised  the  white  blanket  upon  a  pole,  waving  it  in  the  air,  in 
hopes,  that  at  two  miles  distance  they  would  sec  it  and  be  moved 


H^MUtivr.  *<•  cvni^is  itr«cot».. 


***  <.»  »«  hA  found.    It  w«* 

l^^^wil  .aU  waTei  and  frying  it  '«  l*"^?^  *"Sla.  reserved  for 

^"Tueaday    22d.-We  found  ••'"'J.JS^L?  them  togetJ«'  in 

"rrori'st'LrcoSued.    While  .emng  here  the  j^^  ^^^^ 

""^'^^  !«rfaV?S  oppressive.  '?fl«'=*'»8/"hS  dazzled  the  eye. 
so  powe""'  *"°.|Jl'^-nd  the  white  sand  whicn  «»*  j^  „^. 
^hich  ^«»  ^Jj^^i'";:"^  red  under  the  ^g^fjould  not  be 
wassopamfuUhatJ'       „u„erou9.  that  g«?'*  '^J'^jn  .craping 


„  found.    ItwM 
death,  which  wo 
fccs,  trusting  that 
yet  make  u«o  of 
U  ua.     Our  next 
eral  holes  in  the 
le  tide  penetrates 
1  short  allowance 
!  had  by  lock  and 
and  it  waa  »oon 
we  did  by  mixing 
ng  ouraelvea  eight 
n  was  reserved  for 
»  was  lost  for  want 
passed  in  the  roott 
It,  1  read  prayers 
which  I  most  care- 
...    This  plan  was 
stay  there.— rh«n 
'  either. 

1  round  the  beach. 
On  our  way  picked 
nilar  to  the  Indian 
ike  that  of  a  shovel, 
r  thjB  present.     We 
,;  thev  were  a  pretty 
J  discovered  at  tow 
isterly  from  us,  about 
which  were  covered 
jr  quince  tree.     My 
o  wade  across,  beii^ 
but  were  pursued  by 
t  tide  rises  about  RMir 

es  of  the  palmetto  or 

put  them  together  in 

but  that  proved  ir.et- 

,'  to  reflect  upon  otner 

power  for  our  safety 

ing  here,  the  sun  was 

«  rays  upon  the  sea, 

which  dazzled  the  eye, 

iwning;  there  the  mM- 

ffood  rest  could  not  ue 

fed,  when,  in  scraping 

may  say  thousands  of 

ich  was  to  us  peculiarly 

aterly  wind,  which  |»re- 


IfABRATIVB  or  CAFTAIN   LI!rC0L?r. 


415 


vtiU  there  at  all  seasons,  was  so  cold  as  to  make  it  equally  un- 
comfortable with  the  day. — Thus  day  aAer  day,  our  suiierings 
and  apprehensions  multiplying,  we  were  very  generally  alarmed. 

Wednesday,  '236. — Early  this  morning  one  of  our  Spanish 
fellow  prisoners  crossed  the  bar,  having  taken  with  him  a  pole 
sharpened  ut  one  end;  this  he  said  "  was  to  kill  sharks" — but  he 
saw  none  to  trouble  him.  While  ho  was  gone,  we  tried  for  water 
in  several  places,  but  still  it  was  very  salt;  but  not  having  any 
other,  we  drank  of  it,  and  found  it  had  a  similar  effect,  to  that  of 

flauber  salts.  We  now  concluded  to  reduce  the  allowance  of 
read  or  rather  pancakes,  being  too  sensible  that  our  little  stock 
of  provisions  could  last  but  a  few  days  longer;  we  had  the  faintest 
hope  of  any  supplies,  or  escsipe,  before  it  would  be  too  late  to  save 
life.  Towards  night  the  Sjmniard  returned,  but  almos*.  famished 
for  want  of  water  and  food.  He  reported  that  he  found  some 
plank  on  one  of  the  islands,  (but  they  proved  to  be  suga>box 
•hooks)  which  revived  us  a  little;  but  m*  toaltr. — He  said  he  had 

treat  difficulty  to  make  his  way  through  the  mangrove  trees,  it 
sing  very  swampy;  so  that  we  should  not  better  ourselves  by 
foing  there,  although  the  key  was  rather  larger  than  ours.  This, 
understood  through  Joseph,  the  Englidh  prisoner  who  could 
■peak  Spanish.  After  prayers,  laid  ourselves  down  upon  our  bed 
of  sand,  and  being  nearly  exhausted  we  obtained  some  sleep. 

Thursday,  24th  — This  morning,  after  taking  a  little  coiTeo, 
made  of  the  water  vhich  we  thought  least  salt,  and  two  or  three  of 
the  little  cakes,  wt.  ftlt  somewhat  refreshed,  ajnd  concluded  to  make 
another  visit  to  those  Keys  in  hopes  of  finding  something  more, 
which  might  make  a  r&d  for  us  to  escape  the  pirates,  and  avoid 
perishing  by  thirst.  Accordingly  seven  of  us  set  off,  waded 
■cross  the  bar  and  searched  all  the  Keys  thereabouts. — On  one 
we  found  a  number  of  sugar-box  shooks,  two  lashing  plank  and 
some  pieces  of  old  spars,  which  were  a  part  of  the  Exertion's 
dock  load,  that  was  thrown  overboard  when  she  grounded  on  the 
bar,  spoken  of  in  the  Qrst  part  of  the  narrative. — It  seems  they 
had  drifted  fifteen  miles,  and  had  accidentally  lodged  on  these 
very  Keys  within  our  reach.  Had  the  pirates  known  this,  they 
would  undoubtedly  have  placed  us  in  another  direction.  They 
no  '  <'^':  thought  that  they  could  not  put  us  on  a  worse  place. 
'  <....d  at  this  time  was  blowing  so  strong  on  shore,  as  to  pre- 
vent rafling  our  stufT  round  to  our  island,  and  we  were  obliged  to 
haul  it  upon  the  beach  for  the  present;  then  dug  for  water  in  the 
highest  place,  but  found  it  as  salt  as  ever,  and  then  returned  to 
our  habitation. — But  hunger  and  thirst  began  to  prey  upon  us,  and 
our  comforts  were  as  few  as  aur  hopes. 

Friday,  2ath. — Again  passed  over  to  those  Keys  to  windward  in 
order  to  raft  our  stuff  to  our  island,  it  being  most  convenient  for 
building.  But  the  surf  on  the  beach  wa^  so  very  rough,  that  we 
were  again  compelled  to  postpone  it.    Our  courage  however  did 


456 


NARRATIVE  OF   CAPTAIX   LINCOLN. 


^ 


not  fail  where  there  was  the  slightest  hopes  of  life — Returning 
without  it,  we  found  on  our  way  an  old  top  timber  of  some  vessel; 
't  had  several  spikes  in  it,  which  wo  afterwards  found  very  ser- 
viceable. In  the  hollow  of  an  old  tree,  we  found  two  guarnas  of 
small  size,  one  male,  the  other  female. — One  only  was  caught. 
After  taking  off  the  skin,  we  judged  it  weighed  a  pound  and  a  half. 
With  sofTie  flour  and  lard,  (the  only  things  we  had  except  salt 
water,)  it  made  us  a  tine  little  mess.  We  thought  it  a  rare  dish 
though  a  small  one  for  eleven  half  starved  persons. — At  the  same 
time  p  small  vessel  hove  in  sight;  we  made  a  signal  to  hei  .vith 
the  blanket  tied  to  a  pole  and  placed  it  01  the  highest  tree— 4ome 
took  off  their  white  clothes  and  waved  them  in  the  air,  hoping  they 
would  come  to  us;  should  they  be  pirates,  they  could  do  no  more 
than  kill  us,  and  perhaps  would  gv/e  us  some  water  for  which  we 
began  to  suffer  most  excessivchy;  but,  notwithstanding  all  our 
efforts,  she  took  no  notice  of  us. 

Saturday,  26th. — This  day  commenced  with  moderate  weather 
and  sme  itli  eea;  at  low  tide  found  some  cockles,  boiled  and  eat 
them,  but  they  were  very  painful  to  the  stomach.  David  Warrea 
had  n  fit  of  strangling  with  swelling  of  the  bowels;  but  soon  re> 
covered,  and  said,  "something  like  salt,  rose  in  his  throat  and 
choked  him  "  Most  of  us  then  set  off  for  the  Keys,  where  the 
plcnk  and  shooks  were  put  together  in  a  raft,  which  we  with  pieces 
of  hoards  paddled  over  to  our  island;  when  we  consulted  the  best 

Clan,  either  to  build  a  raft  large  enough  for  us  all  to  go  on,  or  a 
out;  but  the  shocks  having  three  or  four  nails  in  each,  and  having 
a  pieco  of  large  reed  or  uamboo,  previously  found,  of  which  we 
made  pins,  concluded  to  make  a  boat.  '    ' 

Sunday,  27th. — Commenced  our  labor,  for  which  I  know  we 
need  .offer  no  apology.  We  took  the  two  planks,  which  v/ere 
about  fouiteen  feet  long,  and  two  and  n  half  wide,  and  fixed  them 
together  for  the  bottom  of  the  boat;  then  with  moulds  made  of 
piumetto  bark,  cut  timber  and  knees  from  ihungrove  trees  which 
spread  so  much  as  to  make  the  boat  four  feet  wide  at  the  tup, 
placed  them  exactly  the  distance  apart  of  an  Havannn  sugar  box. 
— ilf.-  stern  was  nnuiire  and  tiie  bows  tapered  to  a  peak,  mnkmg 
her  form  resemble  a  Hat-iron.  We  proceeded  thu^  tar  and  retired 
to  rest  fur  the  night — but  Mr.  Bracket  was  too  unwell  to  get  much 
tleep. 

Monday,  28th. — Went  on  with  the  work  as  fast  as  possible.— 
Some  of  (he  Spaniards  had  long  knivps  about  them,  which  proved 
vry  useful  in  firtiog  timbers,  and  a  gimlet  of  mine,  nccidentully 
found  on  hoard  the  pirates,  enabled  us  to  use  the  wooden  pins.— 
And  now  our  spirits  began  to  revive,  thoujjh  "too/«',  water,  was 
continuiilly  in  our  minds.  We  now  Cenred  the  pirates  mi^ht  pos- 
sibly comt!,  find  outuur  plan  and  put  us  to  death,  (allhougii  before 
we  had  wished  to  sec  them,  being  so  murh  in  want  of  water.) 
Our  labor  was  extremely  burdensome,  and  the  Spaniards  cun- 


'liteaMMJMUta 


|f  life— Returning 
T  of  some  vessel; 
1'?  found  very  acr- 
id two  guarnas  of 
only  was  caught, 
pound  and  a  half, 
had  except  salt 
[ght  it  a  rare  dish 
>ns. — At  the  same 
signal  to  hei  .vith 
ighest  tree— some 
le  air,  hoping  they 
could  do  no  more 
water  for  which  we 
itbatanding  all  our 

moderate  weather 
ties,  boiled  and  eat 
;h.  David  Wnrreo 
owels;  but  soon  re« 
e  in  his  throat  and 
le  Keys,  where  the 
t^hich  we  with  pieces 
e  consulted  the  best 
us  all  to  go  on,  or  a 
I  in  each,  and  having 
found,  of  which  wo 

^ 

)r  which  I  know  we 
planks,  which  were 
wide,  and  fixed  them 
^ith  moulds  made  of 
langrove  trees  which 
eet  wide  at  the  top, 
Havannn  sugar  box. 
id  to  a  peak,  makmg 
d  thui*  tar  and  retired 
10  unwell  to  get  much 

18  fast  as  possible. — 
t  them,  wind)  proved 
>f  mine,  nccidentiilly 
le  the  wooden  pi  lis.— 
)jh  'waltr,  water,  was 
;lie  pirates  mitflit  p"S- 
ealh,  (nlthougii  before 
h  in  want  of  water.) 
d  the  Spaniards  con* 


mmmm 


ITARRATIVE   OF    CAPTAI.V    LI.NCOL.X.  45f 

siderably  peevish— but  they  would  often  say  to  mo  •'  never  mind 

capitan,  by  and  by,  Americana  or  Spanyola  catch  them,  me  go 

see  'um  hung."     We  quitted  work  for  the  day,  coiked  some  cakes 

but  found  it  necessary  to  reduce  the  quantity  again,    however 

sniall  belbre.     We  found  some  herbs  on  a  windward  Key,  which 

(he  Spaniards  called  Spanish  tea.— This  when  well  boiled  we  found 

somewhat  palatable,  although   the  water   was  very  salt.     This 

herb  resembles  pennyroyal  in  look  and  taste,  though  njt  so  pun* 

gent.     I'si  the  evening  when  we  were  setting  round  the  fire  to  keep 

off  the  moschetoea,  1  observed  David  Warren's  eyes  shone  like 

glasb.     The  mate  said  to  him—"  David  I  think  you  will  die  befjro 

morning— I  think  you  are  struck  with  death  now."     I  thought  so 

too,  and  told  him,  "  1  thought  it  most  likely  we  should  all  die  here 

toon;  but  as  some  one  of  us  may  survive  to  carry  the  tidings  to 

our  friends,  if  you  have  any  thing  to  say  respecting  your  family, 

now  is  the  time."— He  then  said,  "  I  have  a  mother  in  Saco  where 

I  belong — she  is  a  second  time  a  widow— to-morrow  if  you  can 

•pare  a  scrap  of  paper  and  pencil  I  will  write  something."     But 

no  to-morrow  came  to  him— In  the  course  of  th-  night  he  had 

another  spell  of  strangling,  and  soon  after  expire.  ,  without  much 

pain  and  without  a  groan.     He  was  about  twenty  six  years  old. 

— How  solemn  was  this  scene  to  us!     Here  we  beheld  the  ravages 

of  death  commenced  upon  us.     More  than  one  of  us  considered 

death  a  happy  release.     For  myself  I  thought  of  my  wife  and 

children;  and  wished  to  live  if  God  should  so  order  it,  though  ex- 

trem<^  thirst,  hunger  and  exhaustion  had  well  nigh  prostrated  my 

fondest  hopes. 

Tuesday,  29th. — Part  of  us  recommenced  labor  on  (he  boat, 
while  myself  and  Mr.  Bracket  went  and  se'ected  the  highest  clear 
spot  of  sand  on  the  northern  side  of  the  island,  where  we  dug 
Warren's  grave  and  boxed  it  up  with  shooks,  thinking  it  would  be 
the  most  suitable  spot  for  the  rest  of  us— whose  turn  would  cime 
next,  we  knew  not.  At  about  ten  o'clock,  A.  M.  conveyed  the 
corpse  to  the  grave,  followed  by  us  survivers— a  scene,  whose 
awful  solemnity  can  never  be  painted.  We  stood  around  the 
grave,  and  there  I  read  the  funeral  prayer  from  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Brooks's  Family  Prayer  Book;  and  c  )mmitted  the  bodv  to  the 
earth;  covered  it  with  s.ime  pieces  of  board  and  sand,  and' return- 
ed to  our  labor.  r-One  of  the  Spaniards  an  old  man,  named  Man- 
uel, who  was  partial  to  me,  and  I  t )  him,  made  a  cr  ss  and  placed 
at  the  head  of  the  grave  saying,  "  Jesus  Christ  hnth  him  now." 
Although  I  did  mt  beli?  ve  in  any  mysterious  influence  of  this 
cross,  yet  I  was  perfectly  willing  it  should  stand  there.  The  mid- 
dle pnrt  of  the  day  being  very  warm,  our  miuths  parched  with 
thirst,  and  our  spirits  si  depressed,  that  w«  made  but  little  progress 
during  tlie  remainder  of  this  day,  but  in  the  evening  were  employ- 
ed in  picking'  oakum  out  of  the  bolt  rope  taken  fnmi  tlic  old  sail. 
Wednesday,   3i)th.— Returned   to   labor  on  the  boat   with  as 


I 


411 


KABftATiTX  or  eATTAiir  Lmoour 


■lach  vigor  as  our  week  and  debilitated  state  would  admit,  bnl 
it  was  a  day  of  trial  to  us  all;  for  the  Spaniards  and  we  Aiiwri< 
cans  could  not  well  understand  each  other's  plans,  and  they  b«> 
log  naturally  petulant  would  not  v/ork,  nor  listen  with  any  patience 
ibr  Joseph  our  English  fellow  prisoner  to  explain  our  views — th«y 
would  sometimes  undo  what  they  had  done  and  in  a  few  niinij,tM 
replace  it  again;  however  before  night  we  began  to  calk  h«t 
Mams,  by  means  of  pieces  of  hard  mangrove,  made  in  form  of  • 
ealking-iron,  and  hao  the  satisfaction  of  seeing  her  in  a  form  iom«- 
tikinff  like  a  boat. 

Thursday,  Slst. — Went  on  with  the  work,  some. at  calking, 
ethers  at  battening  the  seams  with  strips  of  canvass,  and  pieces 
of  pine  nailed  over,  to  keep  the  oakum  in.  Having  found  a  suita- 
ble pole  for  a  mast,  the  rest  went  about  making  a  sail  from  the 
one  we  bad  used  for  a  covering,  also  fitting  oars  of  short  pieces  of 
boards,  in  form  of  a  paddle,  tied  on  a  pole,  we  having  a  piece  of 
fishing  line  brought  by  one  of  the  prisoners.  Thus,  at  three  P.  M 
\[  f  the  boat  was  completed  and  put  afloat. — We  had  all  this  time  con- 

fidently hoped,  that  she  would  be  sufficiently  large  and  strong  to 
carry  us  all — we  made  a  trial  and  were  disappointed!  This  was 
indeed  a  severe  trial,  and  the  emotions  it  called  up  were  not  easy 
to  be  suppressed.  She  proved  leaky,  for  we  had  no  carpenters 
jrard,  or  smith's  shop  to  go  to. — And  now  the  question  was,  "  who 
■hould  go,  and  how  many?"  1  found  it  necessary  for  six; 
four  to  row,  one  to  steer  and  one  to  bale.  Three  of  the  Spaniards 
and  the  Freuchman  claimed  the  right,  as  being  best  acquainted 
with  the  nearest  inhabitants ;  likewise,  they  haawhen  taken,  two 
boats  left  at  St.  Maria  (about  forty  miles  distant)  which  they  were 
confident  of  finding.  They  promised  to  return  within  two  or  three 
days  for  the  rest  of  us — I  thought  it  best  to  consent — Mr.  Bracket 
it  was  agreed  should  go  in  my  stead,  because  my  papers  must  ae- 
company  me  as  a  necessary  protection,  and  my  men  apprehended 
danger  if  they  were  lost.  Joseph  Baxter  (I  think  was  his  name)  they 
wished  should  go,  because  he  could  speak  both  languages— leav- 

SI  Manuel,  George,  Thomas  and  myself,  to  wait  their  return, 
aving  thus  made  all  arrangements,  and  putting  up  a  keg  of  the 
'  least  salt  water,  with  a  few  pancakes  and  salt  fish,>they  set  off  a 
little  before  sunset  wit)i  our  best  wishes  and  prayers  for  their  safety 
■nd  return  to  our  relief — ^To  launch  off  into  the  wide  ocean,  with 
iitrength  almost  exhausted,  and  in  such  a  frail  boat  as  this,  you 
will  say  was  very  hazardous,  and  in  truth  it  was;  but  what  else 
was  lento  us? — Their  intention  was  to  touch  at  the  Key  where 
the  Exertion  was,  and  if  no  boat  was  to  be  found  there,  to  pro- 
eeed  on  to  St.  Maria  and  if  none  there,  to  go  to  Trinidad  and  send 
is  relief. — But  alas  I  it  was  the  last  time  fever  saw  them! — Oui 
■aflbring  this  day  was  most  acute. 

Tuesday,  February  1st. — This  day  we  rose  early  and  trnyersad 
the  beach  in  search  of  cocklws,  be.  but  found  very  few— I  itraek 


■^■'rgr- 


rottld  admit,  boi 
and  we  Ameri- 
and  the^  be> 
rith  any  patience 
,  our  viewa— they 
'in  a  few  miniijtee 
sgan  to  calk  het 
jiade  in  form  of  a 
|er  in  a  form  lome- 

someat  calking, 

jnvaH,  and  piecca 

ring  found  a  auita- 

ng  a  tail  from  the 

lofehort  pieceaof 

having  a  piece  of 

lus,  at  three  P.  M 

d  all  this  time  con- 

arge  and  atrong  to 

lointed!    Thia  was 

)d  up  were  not  eaqr 

had  no  carpenter  • 

question wai,  "who 

neceraary  for  aiz; 

ree  of  the  Spaniard* 

ing  best  acquainted 

aa  when  taken,  two 

nt)  which  they  were 

n  within  two  or  three 

nsent — Mr.  Bracket 

my  papers  must  ac- 

ny  men  apprehended 

ik  was  his  name)  they 

)th  language*— leav- 

to  wait  their  return. 

ting  up  a  keg  of  the 

It  fish,  they  set  off  a 

ayers  for  their  safetr 

the  wide  ocean,  with 

ail  boat  as  this,  you 

was;  but  what  else 

h  at  the  Key  where 

found  there,  to  pro- 

to  Trinidad  and  tend 

ver  *aw  them! — Oui 

B  early  and  traTersed 
i  Ttry  few— I  atraek 


HABBATITB  or   OArtAltt  II500UT. 


4B9 


my  foot  against  aomething  in  the  *andj  which  proved  to  be  a  curi- 
ou*  snell,  and  soon  founa  two  others  of  a  different  kind ;  but  they 
were  to  me  like  Crusoe's  lump  of  gold,  of  no  value.  I  could  not 
drink  them;  so  laid  them  by. — I  returned  to  our  tent  and  we 
made  some  skillygolee,  or  flour  and  salt  water  boiled  together, 
which  we  found  better  than  clear  salt  water.  We  passed  the  day 
very  uncomfortably,  and  my  people  were  dissatisfied  at  not  having 
an  equal  chance,  aa  they  called  it,  with  the  others  in  the  boat- 
but  it  is  not  always,  that  we  know  what  is  for  our  good. 

Saturday,  2d. — ^Thomas  and  George  made  another  visit  to  the 
windward  Keys,  where  they  found  some  more  shpoks  and  two 

Eieces  of  spars;  towed  them  round  as  before.    We  now  had  some 
opes  of  finding  enough  to  make  us  a  rafl,  which  would  carry  us 
to  some  place  of  lelief,  in  case  the  boat  should  not  return. 

Sunday,  3d. — A  calm  warm  day,  but  a  very  gloomy  one  to  us, 
it  beins  more  difficult  to  support  life — our  provisions  nearly  ex- 
pended, no  appearance  of  rain  since  the  night  we  first  landed,  our 
thirst  increasms ,  our  strength  wasting,  our  few  clothes  hanging  in 
rags,  our  beards  of  great  length  and  aJmost  turned  white,  nothing 
like  relief  befoce  us,  no  boat  in  sight. — ^Think,  compassionate 
reader,  our  situation.  We  had  marked  out  for  each  one  the  place 
for  his  grtiVG.  I  looked  at  mine,  and  thought  of  my  wife  and  fami- 
ly.— ^Again  we  reduced  the  allowance  of  bread;  but  even  the 
little  ^ich  now  fell  to  my  share,  I  could  scarcely  swallow — I 
never  seemed  to  feel  the  sensation  of  hunger,  the  .xtreme  of  thirst 
was  so  overpowering. — Perhaps  never  ahall  I  be  more  reconciled 
to  death,  but  my  home  made  me  want  to  live,  although  every  breath 
■eemed  to  increase  thirat. 

Monday,  4th. — Having  seriouely  reflected  on  our  situation, 
concluded  to  put  all  the  snooks,  8cc.  together  and  form  a  raft,  and 
aacertain  what  weight  it  would  carry;  but  here  again  we  were 
disappointed,  for  we  had  not  enough  to  carry  two  of  up. 

Tuesday,  5th. — About  ten  o'clock,  A.  M.  discovered  a  boat 
drifting  by  on  the  southeast  side  of  the  island  about  a  mile  distant. 
I  deemed  it  a  providential  thing  to  us,  and  urged  Thomas  and 


George  trying  the  raft  for  ''i 
■et  on,  but  it  was  nearly  tbr- 
her. — It  was  the  same  boat  <> 
friend  Bracket  and  tS-s'i  who 
was  unfavorable. — I  hoped  th 
served  him. — The  two  v.t>x 
water,  without  oars,  p&:.  :!'><i 


They  reluctantly  consented  and 

J  P.  M.  when  they  <•<■.•  -a  up  with 

)  ad  built!     Where  then  was  my 

■ii.t  yr\ih  him?     Every  appearance 

t  a  gucii  Providence  had  yet  pre- 

lio  went  for  the  boat,  found  it  fbll  of 

or  sail;  be!  'g  in  this  condition',  and 


about  three  miles  to  t*^"  1*  eward,  the  ncn  found  it  impossible  to 
tow  her  up,  so  left  he,,  uod  were  till  eleven  o'clock  at  night  get- 
ting back  with  the  rr.ft.  I'hey  were  so  e.vh&(isted,  that  hul  it  not 
been  nearly  caim,  they  cou'.d  never  have  returned. 

Wednesday,  Cth. — ^Thia  morning  was  indeeti  the  most  gloonUr 
I  had  ever  e.\perienced. — ^There  appeared  hardly  a  ray  of  hofn 


460 


NARRATIVE  OF  GAPTAtW    tlXCOLV. 


that  my  friend  Bracket  could  return,  seeing  the  boat  was  lost.--* 
Our  provisions  nearly  gone;  our  mouths  parched  extremely  with 
thirst;  our  strength  wasted;  our  spirits  broken,  and  our  hopes 
imprisoned  within  the  circumrerence  of  this  desola'e  island  in  the 
midst  of  an  unfrequented  ocean;  all  these  things  gave  to  the  scene 
around  us  the  hue  of  death.  In  the  midst  of  this  dreadful  despon- 
dence, a  sail  hove  in  sight,  bearing  the  white  flag.  Our  hopes 
were  raised,  of  course — but  no  sooner  raised  than  darkened,  by 
hearing  a  gun  fired.  Here  then  was  another  gang  of  pirates.^ 
She  soon,  however,  came  near  enough  to  anchor,  and  her  bout 
pushed  oflT  towards  us  with  three  men  in  her. — Thinking  it 
no  worsts  now  to  die  by  sword  than  famine  I  walked  down  imme- 
diatcly  to  meet  them.  I  knew  them  not. — A  moment  before  the 
boat  touched  the  ground,  a  man  leaped  from  h<>r  bows  and  CKUgbt 
mi)  in  his  arms!  ItteasMckola! ! — saying,  "  Do  you  now  believe 
Nickola  is  your  friend?  yes,  snid  he,  Jamtexon  will  yet  prove  hiita- 
eelfso."— No  words  can  express  my  emotions  at  this  moment.—^ 
'l%is  was  a  friend  indeed.  The  reason  of  my  not  recognising 
them  before,  was  that  they  had  cut  oflf  their  beards  and  whiskers. 
Turning  to  my  fellow-sufTerern,  Nickola  asked-'*  Are  these  all 
that  are  left  of  you.'  where  are  the  others?" — At  this  moment 
seeing  David'c  grave — "  Are  they  dead  then?  ah  I  suspected  it, 
I  know  what  you  were  put  here  for."  As  soon  as  I  could  recover 
myself,  gavo  him  an  account  of  Mr.  Bracket  and  the  others.— 
"  How  unfortunate,  he  said,  they  must  be  lost  or  some  pirates 
have  taken  them  " — "  biit,  he  continued,  we  have  no  time  to  lose; 
you  had  better  embark  immediately  with  us,  and  go  where  you 

fllea^'e,  we  are  at  your  service."  The  other  two  in  the  boat  with 
liiu  were  Frenchmen,  one  named  Lyon,  the  other  Parrikete. 
They  affectionately  embraoed  each  of  us;  then  holding  to  my 
mouth  the  noKe  of  a  teakettle,  tilled  with  wine,  said  "  Drink  plenty, 
no  hurt  you."  I  drank  as  much  ns  I  jud^jed  prudent.  They  then 
gave  it  to  my  fellow  sufTerers. — I  experienced  almost  immediate 
relief,  not  feeling  it  in  my  head ;  they  hod  also  brought  in  the 
boat  for  us,  a  dish  of  salt  beef  and  potatoes,  of  which  we  took  a 
little.  Then  sent  the  boat  on  board  for  the  other  two  men,  being 
five  in  all;  who  came  ashore,  and  rejoiced  enough  was  I  to  sec 
among  them  Thomas  Young,  one  of  my  crew,  who  was  detained 
on  board  the  Mexican,  but  had  escaped  through  Niukola's  means; 
the  other  a  Fronchman,  named  John  Cadedt.  I  now  th  lught, 
again  and  iif^ain,  with  troubled  emotion  of  my  friend  Bracket's 
fate.-  i  tc  ■.  the  last  piece  of  papur  I  had,  and  wrote  with  pencil 
a  few  lines,  informing  him  (should  he  come  there,),  that  "  I  and 
the  rest  were  safe;  that  I  wns  not  mistaken  in  the  friend  in  whom 
I  hnd  placed  so  murh  contidcncc,  thnt  he  had  accmpliuhed  my 
hiixiiest  expectations;  and  thut  I  should  go  immediately  to  Trini« 
dad,  and  roqucsted  him  to  go  there  also,  and  apply  to  Mr.  Isaac  W, 
inord,  my  consignee,  for  assistance."    I  put  the  paper  into  a  junk 


[boat  was  lost.— 
extremely  with 
and  our  hopes 
late  island  in  the 
;ave  to  the  scene 
dreadful  despon- 
lag.     Our  hopes 
darkened,  by 
ng  of  pirates.-^ 
>r,  and  her  boat 
T.  -Thinking  it 
liked  down  imme* 
loment  before  the 
bows  and  caught 
>  you  now  believe 
ill  yet  prove  liittH 
\t  this  inoment.~ 
not  recognising 
rds  and  whiskers. 
-"  Are  these  all 
-At  this  moment 
ih  I  suspected  it, 
IS  1  could  recover 
ind  the  others.— 
t  or  some  pirates 
^e  no  time  to  lose; 
[ind  go  where  you 

0  in  the  boat  with 
other   Parrikete. 

en  holding  to  my 
id  "  Drink  plenty, 
ident.  They  then 
almost  immediate 
10  brought  in  the 
r  which  we  tqok  a 
!r  two  men,  being 

1  ugh  was  I  to  seo 
who  was  detained 
Niokola'g  means; 

I  now  th  rjght, 
friend  Bracket's 
wrote  with  pencil 
re,),  that  "I  and 
lie  friend  in  whom 
acc^mpiit^hed  my 
ediatply  to  Trini- 
'  to  Mr.  Isaac  W. 
paper  into  a  junk 


■wfMIWi  I.IWWHMi» 


im. 


VA&RATIVE  OF  CAPTAIIT  LIXCOLX. 


461 


bottle,  previouslj-  'bund  on  the  beach,  put  in  a  stopper,  and  lofl 
it,  together  with  wnat  little  flour  remained,  a  keg  of  water  brought 
from  Nickoia's  vessel,  and  a  few  other  things  which  I  thought 
might  be  of  service  to  him.  We  then  repaired  with  our  friends 
on  board,  where  we  were  kindly  treated.  She  was  a  sloop  from 
Jamaica,  of  about  twelve  tons,  with  a  cargo  of  rum  and  wiue, 
bound  to  Trinidad.  I  asked  "  which  way  they  intended  to  go?" 
they  said  "to  Jamaica  if  agreeable  to  me."  As  I  preferred 
Trinidad,  I  told  them,  "  if  tney  would  give  me  the  E.xertion's 
boat  which  was  along-sic'e  (beside  their  own)  some  water  and  pro* 
visions,  we  would  take  chance  in  her,"  "for  perhaps,  said  I,  you 
will  fare  better  at  Jamaica,  than  at  Trinidad."  Alter  a  few  min* 
Utes  consultation,  they  said  "you  are  too  much  exhausted  to  row 
the  distance  of  one  hundred  miles,  therefore  we  will  go  and  carry 
you — we  consider  ourselves  at  your  service."  I  expressed  a 
wish  to  take  a  look  at  the  Exertion,  possibly  wu  might  hear  some* 
thing  of  Mr.  Bracket.  JVickola  said  "  very  well,  so  got  under 
way,  and  run  for  her,  having  a  light  westerly  wind.  He  then  rc« 
lated  to  me  the  manner  of  their  desertion  from  the  pirates;  ai 
Dearly  as  I  can, recollect  his  own  words,  he  said,  "  A  few  days 
since,  the  pirates  took  four  small  vessels,  I  believe  Spaniards; 
Uiey  having  but  two  officers  for  the  two  first,  the  third  fell  to  me 
u  prize  master,  and  having  an  understanding  with  the  three 
Frenchmen  and  Thomas,  selected  them  for  my  crew,  and  wont 
on  board  with  orders  to  follow  the  Mexican;  which  I  obeyed, 
llie  fourth,  the  pirates  took  out  all  but  one  man  and  bade  him 
also  follow  their  vessel.  Now  our  schooner  leaked  so  bad,  that 
we  left  her  and  in  her  stead  agreed  to  take  this  little  sloop,  (which 
we  are  now  in)  together  with  the  one  man.  The  night  being  very 
ark  we  all  agreed  to  desert  the  pirates — altered  our  course  and 
touched  at  St.  Maria,  where  we  landed  the  one  man — saw  no 
boats  there,  could  hear  nothing  from  you,  and  agreed  one  and  all 
at  the  risk  of  our  lives  tr>  come  and  liberate  you  if  you  were  alive; 
knowing,  as  we  did,  tliat  you  were  put  on  this  Key  to  perish. 
On  our  way  we  boarded  the  Exertion,  thinking  possibly  you  might 
have  been  there.  On  board  her  we  found  a  sail  and  peddle.* 
We  took  one  of  tKe  pirate's  boats  which  they  had  left  along-side 
of  her,  which  proves  how  we  come  by  two  boats.  Mv  friend,  the 
circumstance  I  arv.  now  about  to  relate,  will  somewhat  astonish 
you.  When  tha  piratt^'s  boat  with  Bolidar  was  sent  to  the  before 
mentioned  Key,  on  the  19th  of  January,  it  was  their  intention  to 
leave  you  prisoners  there,  where  was  notbins  but  salt  water  and 
mangroves,  and  no  possibility  of  escape  This  was  the  plan  of 
Baltizar,  their  abandoned  pilot;  but  JBoiidar's  heart  failed  him, 
and  he  objected  to  it;  then,  after  a  conference,  Captain  Jonnia 
ordered  you  to  be  put  on  the  little  island  from  Whence  we  have 


*  Thli  proved  to  me  Uiat  Mr.  Biaelut  iwd  liaan  tbeni,  Ums*  iMing  tbe 
Im  Um  biand.  3^* 


wUOilMtaak 


.«.«^ 


Ij 


n 

m 


46S 


HABBATITX  OP  OAPTAIH  LIKCOLN. 


now  taken  you.  But  after  this  was  done,  that  ofght  the  French 
and  Portuguese  part  of  the  Mexican's  crew  protested  against  it; 
so  that  Captain  Jonnia  to  satisfy  them,  sent  his  large  boat  to  take 
you  and  your  fellow  prisoners  back  aaain,  taking  care  to  select  his 
confidential  Spaniards  for  this  erraniT  And  will  you  believe  me, 
they  set  off  from  the  Mexican  and  after  spending  about  as  much  time 
as  would  really  have  taken  them  to  come  to  you,  they  returned,  and 
reported  they  had  been  to  your  island,  and  landed,  and  that  none  of 
you  were  there;  somebody  having  taken  you  off!  This,  all  my 
companions  here  know  to  be  true.— I  knew  it  was  impossible  you 
could  have  been  liberated,  and  therefore  we  determined  among 
ourselves,  that  s  lould  an  opportunity  occur  we  would  come  and 
save  your  lives,  as  we  now  have."  He  then  expressed,  as  he 
hitherto  had  done,  (and  I  believe  with  sincerity)  his  disgust  with 
the  bad  company  which  he  had  been  in,  and  looked  forward  with 
anxiety  to  the  day  when  he  might  return  to  his  native  country. 
I  advised  him  to  get  on  board  an  American  vessel,  whenever  an 
opportunity  offered,  aad  come  to  the  United  States;  and  on  his 
arrival  direct  a  letter  to  me:  reptutting  my  earnest  desire  tc  make 
some  return  for  the  disinterested  friendship  which  he  had  shown 
toward  me.  With  the  Frenchman  i  had  but  little  conversation, 
being  unacquainted  with  the  iangua^o. 

Here  ended  Nickok's  ivccount.  "  And  now"  said  the  French- 
men, "  our  hearts  be  nosy."  Nickola  observed  he  had  left  all 
4nd  found  us  I  gave  them  my  ^/armest  tribute  of  gratitude, 
saying,  I  looked  upon  them  under  God  as  the  preservers  of  our 
lives,  and  promised  them  all  the  assistance  which  my  situation 
might  ever  enable  me  to  afford. — This  brings  me  to 

Thursday  evening,  7th,  whei^,  at  eleven  o'clock,  we  anchored 
•t  the  creek's  mouth,  near  the  Exertion.  I  was  anxious  to  board 
her;  accordingly  took  with  me  Nickola,  Thomas.  George  and  two 
others,  well  armed,  each  with  a  musket  and  cutlass.  I  jumped 
on  her  deck,  saw  a  fire  in  the  camboose,  but  no  person  there:  I 
called  aloud  Mr.  Bracket's  name  several  times,  saying  "it  is 
Captain  Lincoln,  don't  be  afiraid,.but  show  ycurseff;"  but  no  an- 
swer was  given.  She  had  no  masts,  spars,  rigging,  furniture, 
provisions  or  any  thing  left,  except  her  bowsprit,  and  a  few  bar- 
rels of  salt  provisions  of  her  cargo.  Her  sealing  had  holes  cut 
in  it,  no  doubt  in  their  foolidi  search  for  money.  I  left  her  with 
pecuiinr  emotions,  such  as  I  hope  never  af^ain  to  experience ;  and 
returned  to  the  little  sloop  where  we  remamed  till — 

Friday,  8th — When  I  had  a  disposition  to  visit  the  island  on 
which  we  were  first  imprisoned. — Found  nothing  there — saw  a 
boat  among  the  mangroves,  near  the  Exertion.  Returned,  and 
got  under  way  immediately  for  Trinidad.  In  the  night,  while 
under  full  sail,  run  aground  on  a  sunken  Key,  having  rocks  above 
thv)  «vater,  resembling  old  stumps  of  trees;  we,  however,  soon 
got  off  and  anchored.  Most  of  those  Keys  have  similar  rocks 
kbout  them,  which  navigators  must  carefully  guard  against. 


Ight  the  French 

Isted  against  it; 

fge  boat  to  take 

;are  to  select  his 

rou  believe  me, 

mt  as  much  time 

»y  returned,  and 

ind  that  none  of 

This,  all  mj 

impossible  you 

^termined  among 

rould  come  and 

bpresstid,  as  he 

his  disgust  with 

ted  forward  with 

native  country. 

Isel,  whenever  an 

jates;  and  on  his 

Ist  desire  tc  make 

ich  he  had  shown 

|ltle  conversation, 

said  the  French- 
3d  he  had  left  all 
tute  of  gratitude, 
preservers  of  our 
hich  my  situation 
^e  to 

9ck,  we  anchored 
s  anxious  to  board 
s,  George  and  two 
utlass.  I  jumped 
o  person  there:  I 
e>,  saying  "it  is 
rself;"  but  no  an- 
iggine,  furniture, 
if,  and  a  few  bar- 
ing had  holes  cut 
r.     I  left  her  with 

0  experience ;  and 
ill— 

risit  the  island  on 
ling  there — saw  a 
I.    Returned,  and 

1  the  night,  while 
laving  rocks  above 
e,  however,  soon 
lave  similar  rocks 
•rd  against. 


KABRATIVI  or  GirtAlV   LINOOLir. 


469 


Saturday,  9th.— Got  under  way  again,  and  stood  alons  close  in 
for  the  nuun  island  of  Cuba,  in  order,  that  if  we  should  see  the 
pirates,  to  take  our  boats  and  go  on  shore. 

Sunday,  10th. — Saw  the  highlands  of  Trinidad.  At  night 
came  to  anchor  in  sight  of  the  town,  near  a  small  Key ;  next 
morning — 

Monday,  1 1th — Got  under  way — saw  a  brig  at  anchor  about 
five  miles  below  the  mouth  of  the  harbor ;  we  hoped  to  avoid  her 
■peaking  us;  but  when  we  opened  in  sight  of  her,  discovered  a 
boat  making  towards  us,  with  a  number  of  armed  men  in  her. 
This  alarmed  my  friends,  and  as  we  did  not  see  the  brig's  ensign 
hoisted,  they  declared  the  boat  was  a  pirate,  and  looking  through 
the  spy-glass,  thought  they  knew  some  of  them  to  be  the  Mexi- 
can's men!  This  state  of  things  was  quite  alarming.  They 
■aid,  "  we  will  not  be  taken  alive  by  them."  Immediately  the 
boat  fired  a  musket;  the  ball  passed  through  our  mainsail.  My 
fHenda  insisted  on  beating  them  off:  I  endeavored  to  dissuado 
thorn,  believing,  as  I  did,  that  the  brig  was  a  Spanish  man  of 
war,  who  had  sent  her  boat  to  ascertain  who  we  were.  I  thought 
we  had  better  heave  too.  Immediately  another  shot  came. 
Then  they  insisted  on  fighting  and  said,  "  if  I  would  not  help 
them,  I  was  no  friend."  l  reluctantly  acquiesced,  and  handed  up 
tho  guns — commenced  firing  upon  them  and  they  upon  us.  We 
received  aeveral  shot  through  the  sails,  but  no  one  was  hurt  on 
either  side.  Our  two  boats  had  been  cast  adrift  to  make  us  go 
the  faster,  and  we  sained  upon  them — continued  firing  until  they 
turned  from  us,  and  went  for  our  boats,  which  they  tookin  tow 
for  the  brig.  Soon  after  this,  it  became  calm:  then  I  saw  that  tho 
brig  had  us  in  her  power. — She  manned  and  armed  two  more 
boats  for  us.  We  now  concluded,  since  we  had  scarcely  any 
ammunition,  to  surrender;  and  were  towed  down  along-side  the 
brig,  token  on  board,  and  was  asked  by  the  captain,  who  oould 
■pedi  English,  "what  for  you  fire  on  the  boat.'"  I  told  him 
"  we  thouffht  her  a  pirate,  and  did  not  like  to  be  taken  by  tbom 

Bain,  having  already  suffered  too  much;"  showing  my  papers, 
e  said,  "  Captain  Americana,  never  mind,  go  and  take  some 
dinner — which  are  your  men?"  I  pointed  them  out  to  him,  and 
he  ordered  them  the  liberty  of  the  decks ;  but  my  friend  Nickole 
and  hie  three  associates  were  immediately  put  in  irons.  They 
were,  however,  afterwards  taken  out  of  irons  and  examined;  and 
I  understood  the  Frenchmen  agreed  to  enlist,  ns  they  judged  it 
the  surest  way  to  better  their  condition.  Whether  NickoTa  en- 
listed, I  do  not  know,  but  think  that  he  did,  as  I  understood  that 
oAr  was  made  to  him:  I  however  endeavored  to  expUin  more 
distinctly  to  the  captain,  the  benevolent  eflibrts  of  these  four  men 
by  whom  my  life  had  been  saved,  and  used  every  argument  in  my 
power  to  procure  their  discharge.  I  also  applied  to  the  governor, 
'  exerted  myself  with  peculiar  interest,  dictated  as  I  trust  with 


immm 


liMHi 


rm 


4W 


NARRATIVE  OP  CAPTAIX  LI.XCOLt. 


heartfelt  gratitude — mid  T  ardently  hope  ere  this,  that  l^icknla  ia 
on  Ilia  way  to  tliis  c  luiitry,  where  I  may  have  an  opportunity  of 
convincing  liitii  that  such  an  a<:t  of  benevolence  will  nut  go  uii- 
rewarded.  Previous  to  my  leaving  Trinidad,  I  made  all  the 
arrangements  in  my  power  with  my  influential  friends,  and  doubt 
nut,  that  their  laudable  efforts  will  be  accomplished.  -The  sloop's 
cargo  was  taken  on  board  the  brig;  after  which  the  captain  re- 
quested a  certificate  that  I  was  politely  treated  by  him,  saying  his 
name  was  Ca|itain  Candama,  of  the  privateer  .bris  Prudentee  of 
eighteen  guns.  This  request  I  complied  with.  His  first  lieuten- 
ant  told  mo  he  had  sailed  out  of  Boston,  us  commander  for  T.  C. 
Aniory,  Esq  during  the  last  war.  In  the  course  of  the  evening 
my  friindsi  were  taken  out  of  irons  and  examined  separately,  then 
put  back  avain.  The  captain  invited  me  to  supper  in  his  cabin, 
and  a  birth  for  the  n%^ht,  which  was  truly  acceptable.  The  next 
morning  after  breakfast,  I  with  my  people  were  set  on  shore  with 
the  few  things  we  bad,  with  the  promise  of  the  Exertiori's  small 
boat  in  a  day  or  two.  But  it  was  never  sent  me — the  reason,  let 
the  render  imagine.  On  landing  at  the  wharf  Casildar,  we  were 
immediately  taken  by  soldiers  to  the  guard  house,  which  was  a 
very  filthy  place;  thinking  I  suppose,  and  even  calling  us  pirates.* 
Soon  some  friends  came  to  see  me.  Mr.  Cotton,  who  resides 
there  brought  us  in  8:>me  siup.  Mr.  Isaac  W.  Lord,  of  Boston, 
my  merchant,  came  with  Captain  Tate,  who  sent  immediately  to 
the  governor;  for  I  would  n  :t  show  my  papers  to  any  one  else. 
He  cutiie  about  sunset,  and  aflor  examining  Manuel  my  Spanish 
fellow  prisoner,  and  my  papers,  said  to  me,  giving^  me  the  papers, 
"  Captain,  you  are  at  liberty. "  I  was  kindly  invited  by  Captain 
Matthew  Rice,  of  schooner  Galaxy,  of  Boston,  to  so  on  board 
his  vessel,  and  live  with  him  during  my  stay  there.  This  gener- 
Qus  offer  I  accepted,  and  was  treated  by  him  with  the  greatest 
hospitality ;  for  I  was  an  hungered  apd  he  gave  me  meat,  I  waa 
athirst  Aid  he  gave  me  drink,  I  was  naked  and  he  clothed  me, 
B  stranger  anr  he  took  me  in.  He  likewise  took  Manuel  and  my 
three  men  for  that  night.  Next  day  Mr.  Lord  rendered  me  all 
necessary  assistance  in  making  my  protest.  He  had  heard  noth« 
ing  from  me  until  my  arrival.  I  was  greatly  disappointed  in  not 
finding  Mr.  Bracket,  and  requested  Mr.  Lord  to  give  him  all 
needful  aid  if  ho  should  come  there.  To  Captain  Carnes,  of  the 
ecbooner  Hannah,  of  Boston,  I  would  tender  my  sincere  'hanks, 
for  hiii  kindness  in  giving  me  a  passage  to  Boston,  which  I  gladly 
accepted.  To  those  gentlemen  of  Trinidad,  and  many  captains 
of  American  vessels,  who  gave  me  sea  clothing,  &c.  I  offer  my 
cordial  gratitude. 

Captain  Carnes  sailed  from  Trinidad  on  the  30th  February. 
Fearing  the  pirates,  we  kept  a  long  distance  from  t(  c  land  and 
two  degrees  to  westward  of  Capo  Antonio.  On  our  passage  ex- 
perienced several  gales  of  wind,  in  one  of  which,  while  lying 


^♦> 


MAUUTtTE  07    CAPTAIir  IJ*^COUr. 


4Bft 


that  Nicknia  ia 
opnoitunity  of 
will  not  go  uii- 
I  made  all  the 
[ends,  and  duubt 
d,  -The  sloop's 
the  captuin  re- 
ly him,  Buying  his 
;  Prudcntee  of 
lis  first  lieutcn* 
landcr  for  T.  C. 
of (he  evening 
separately,  then 
per  in  his  cabin, 
table.     The  next 
set  on  shore  with 
Exertiori'a  small 
I — the  reason,  let 
!u8ildar,  we  were 
use,  which  was  a 
calling  us  pirates.* 
tton,   who  resides 
Lord,  of  Boston, 
int  immediately  to 
i  to  any  one  eixe. 
anuel  my  Spanish 
ing  me  the  papers, 
invited  by  Captain 
>n,  to  so  on  board 
lere.     This  gener- 
with  the  greatest 
0  me  meat,  I  wa« 
nd  he  clothed  roe, 
3k  Manuel  and  my 
d  rendered  me  all 
Fe  had  heard  noth- 
isappointed  in  not 
d  to  give  him  all 
:ain  Carnes,  of  the 
ny  sincere  'hanks, 
ton,  which  I  gladly 
nd  many  captains 
ng,  &c.  I  oflier  my 

te  30th  February, 
from  t!  n  land  and 
In  our  passage  ex- 
irbiub,  while  lyiiu 


Id,  shipped  a  sea,  which  did  considerable  iniury,  and  swept  a 
youii^  man  overboard  from  the  pump,  named  Nelson.  We  never 
•aw  him  again.  We  arrived  at  Boston,  March  2dth,  and  when  I 
■tapped  upon  the  wharf,  though  much  emaciated,  I  felt  truly 
happy. 

1  am  fully  of  the  opinion  that  these  ferocious  pirates  are  linked 
in  with  many  inhabitants  of  Cuba;  and  the  government  in  man/ 
respects  appears  covertly  to  encourage  them. 

It  is  wirh  heartfelt  delight,  that,  since  the  above  narrative  was 
written,  I  have  learned  that  Mr.  Bracket  and  his  companions  are 
■afe;  he  arrived  at  Port  d'Esprit,  about  forty  leagues  east  of 
Trinidad.  A  letter  has  been  received  fr^m  him,  stating  that  he 
should  proceed  to  Trinidad  the  first  opportunity. — It  appears  that 
after  reaching  the  wreck,  they  foun4  a  boat  from  the  shore, 
taking  on  board  some  of  the  Exertion's  cargo,  in  which  they  pro- 
oeeded  to  the  above  place.  Why  it  was  not  in  his  power  to  come 
to  our  relief  will  no  doubt  be  satisfactorily  disclosed  when  he  may 
be  so  fortunate  as  once  more  to  return  to  his  native  country  and 
friends. 

,  For  many  months,  I  remained  without  any  certain  information 
respecting  the  fate  of  Mr.  Bracket  and  his  companions.  But  in 
the  course  of  the  ensuing  Autumn,  if  I  recollect  right,  Mr.  Bracket 
very  unexpectedly  paid  me  a  visit,  at  Hingham,  the  place  of  my 
residence.  We  were  mutually  rejoiced  to  see  each  other  once 
more  among  the  living,  as  for  a  time  at  least,  each  had  regarded  the 
other  as  dead.  He  gave  me  an  account  of  his  adventures,  and  of 
the  reasons,  why  he  did  not  return  to  us.  He  told  me  that  when 
they  lefl  us,  and  put  to  sea,  in  the  miserable  boat,  which  we  had 
eonstructed,  they  went  to  the  Exertion,  and  fortunately  found  a 
better  boat,  of  which  they  took  possession,  and  suflered  the  old  one 
to  float  away,  and  it  accordingly  passed  our  solitary  island,  in  its 
random  course,  causing  us  a  great  deal  of  alarm.  From  the 
wreck,  they  steered  among  the  keys  to  the  main-lnnd  of  Cuba, 
and  reached  Principe,  the  town  where  my  cargo  was  sold.  Here 
Mr.  Bracket  related  his  tale  of  BuflTering,  and  requested  assis- 
tance, to  rescue  the  remaining  prisoners,  on  the  key.  The 
authorities  furnished  him  with  several  soldiers,  with  whom  he 
again  put  to  sea,  with  the  humane  intention  of  coming  to  relieve 
us.  They  had  gone  but  a  short  distance,  however,  when  the  sol- 
diers positively  refused  to  go  any  farther,  and  forced  him  to  re- 
turn with  them  to  Principe;  tbuH  all  his  hopes  of  being  able  to 
rescue  us,  were  entirely  extinguished.  A  stranger,  and  helpless 
as  he  wat,  it  was  out  of  his  power  to  do  jny  thing  mure,  and  he 
eould  onl^  hope  that  we  might  have  been  saved  in  some  other 
way.  Friendless,  without  money,  and  debilitated  by  recent  su^ 
fering.  be  hardly  knew  which  way  to  turn.  He  was  desirous  of 
raaening.  home,  and  finally  resolved  to  travel  ^o  the  north  sicU 
«£>Cabt.    After  a  long  and  tadieua  iourjiey,  dnciif  whish  Im 


1^  -^-. 


V 

i 


MMiMHl 


466 


NAMUTIVK  07  CAFTAIN   LIlfOOUT. 


suffered  dreadfully,  from  the  hard  traTellinf,  and  want  of  neee*- 
saitOB  and  comforts,  ho  at  length  arrived  at  Havann  jIi,  from 
whict>  prit  he  took  passage  home  to  Boston.  Thus  the  reasons 
of  his  conduct  were  satisfactorily  explained,  and  my  uncertainty 
respectiug  his  fate,  happily  terminated. 

I  felt  great  anxiety  to  iofirn  what  became  of  Jamieson,  who, 
my  readers  will  recollect,  wf<  •  detained  on  board  the  Spanish  Bri^ 
Prudcntee  near  Triniuad.  I  heard  nothing  from  him,  until  1 
believe  about  eighteen  months  after  I  reached  home,  when  I  re- 
ceived a  letter  trom  him,  from  Montego  Bay  Jamaica,  informing 
me  that  he  was  then  residing  in  that  island.  I  immediately  wrute 
to  him,  and  invited  him  to  come  on  to  the  United  States.  He 
accordingly  came  on  passenger  with  Captain  Wilson  of  Cohas- 
set,  and  arrived  in  Boston,  in  August  1824.  Our  meeting  was  very 
affecting.  Trying  scenes  were  brought  up  before  us;  scenes 
gone  forever,  through  which  we  had  passed  together,  where  our 
acquaintance  was  formed,  and  since  which  time,  we  had  never 
met.  I  beheld  once  more  the  Preserver  of  my  life;  the  instru- 
ment, under  Providence,  of  restoring  me  to  my  home,  my  family, 
and  my  friends,  and  I  regarded  him  with  no  ordinary  emotion. 
My  family  were  delighted  to  see  him,  and  cordially  united  in 
giving  him  a  warm  reception.  He  told  me  that  alter  we  separated 
in  Trinidad,  lie  remained  on  board  the  Spanish  Brig.  The  Com- 
mander asked  him  and  his  companions  if  they  would  enlist ;  the 
Frenchmen  replied  that  they  would,  but  h^  said  nothing,  being 
determined  to  make  his  escape,  the  very  first  opportunity  which 
should  present.  The  Spanish  Biig  afterwards  fell  in  with  o 
Columbian  Patriot,  an  armed  Brig  of  eighteen  guns.  Being  of 
about  equal  force,  they  gave  battle,  and  fought  between  three 
and  four  hours.  Both  parties  were  very  much  injured;  and,  with- 
out any  considerable  advantage  on  either  side,  both  drew  off  to 
make  repairj.  The  Spanish  Brig  Prudeutee,  put  into  St.  Jago 
de  Cuba.  Jamieson  was  wounded  in  the  action,  by  a  musket 
ball,  through  his  arm,  and  was  taken  on  shore,  with  the  other 
wounded,  and  placed  in  the  hospital  at  St.  Jago.  Here  he  re- 
mained for  a  considerable  time,  until  he  had  nearly  recovered, 
when  he  found  an  opportunity  of  escaping,  and  embarked  for 
Jamaica.  He  arrived  in  safety  at  Kingston,  and  from  there, 
travelled  barefoot  over  the  mountains,  until  very  much  exhausted, 
be  reached  Montega  Bay,  where  he  had  friends,  and  where  one 
of  his  brothers  possessed  some  property.  From  this  place,  he 
afterwards  wrote  to  me.  He  told  me  that  before  he  came  to 
Massachusetts,  he  saw  the  villainous  pilot  of  the  Mexican,  the 
infamous  Baltizar,  with  several  other  pirates,  brooght  into  Mon- 
tego Bay,  from  whence  they  were  to  be  conveyed  to  Kingston,  to 
be  executed.  Whether  tbe  others  were  part  of  the  Mexican's 
erew,  or  not,  I  do  not  know.  Bahisar  wm  an  old  mtn,  and  aa 
Jamieaon  aaid,  it  waa  a  roelviiebolj  and  baart«r«ndiDg  aigbt,  to  aaa 


HMM 


want  '  r  neces- 

lavann  th,   from 

fhua  the  reasons 

my  uncertainty 

Jamieson,  wh», 
[the  Spanish  Brig 
on  him,   until  I 
pme,  when  I  re- 
Iniaica,  informing 
mmediately  wrute 
[ited  States.     He 
ilson  of  Cohas- 
'meeting  was  very 
efore  us;    scenes 
;ether,  where  our 
le,  we  had  never 
[y  life;  the  instni- 
home,  my  fa.'iiily, 
jrdinary  emotion, 
ordially  united  in 
atler  we  separated 
Brig.     The  Oom- 
would  enlist;  the 
id  nothing,    being 
opportunity  which 
'ds  fell   in    with  o 
guns.     Being  of 
{ht   between  three 
njured;  and,  with- 
!,  both  drew  off  to 
put   into  St.  Jago 
tion,  by  a  musket 
re,  with  the  other 
;o.     Here  he  re- 
nearly  recovered, 
ind  embarked  for 
and  from  there, 
'  much  exhausted, 
Is,  and  where  ono 
)tn  this  place,  he 
tibre  he  camo  to 
he  Mexican,  the 
roaght  into  Mon- 
)d  to  Kingston,  to 
of  the  MexicaD'e 
old  omn,  and  m 
idiof  light,  to  IM 


•m^^imummm 


HABftATITS  or  OArTAW  LIircOUT. 


46V 


ttim  borne  to  execution  with  those  gray  hairs,  which  might  h«v« 
been  venerable  in  virtuous  old  age,  now  a  shame  and  reproach  to 
this  hoary  villain,  for  he  was  full  of  years,  and  old  in  iniquity. 
When  Jamieson  received  the  letter  whicli  I  wrote  him,  he  imme- 
diately embarked  with  Captain  Wilson,  and  came  to  Boston,  •• 
I  have  before  observed. 

According  to  his  own  account  he  was  of  a  very  respectable 
family  in  Groenoch,  Scotland.  His  father  when  living  was  a 
rich  cloth  merchant,  but  both  his  father,  and  mother,  had 
been  dead  many  years.  He  was  the  youngest  of  thirteen  chiU 
dren,  and  being  as  he  said  of  a  roving  disposition,  had  al- 
ways followed  the  sea  .  He  had  received  a  polite  education, 
and  was  of  a  very  gentlemanly  deportment.  He  spoke  sev- 
eral living  languages,  and  was  skilled  in  drawing  and  paint 
ing.  He  had  travelled  extensively  in  different  countries,  and 
acquired  in  consequence,  an  excellent  knowledge  of  their  man- 
ners and  customs.  His  varied  information  (for  hardly  any 
subject  escaped  him,)  r-ndered  him  a  very  entertaining  companion. 
His  observations  on  th  haracter  of  different  nations  were  very 
liberal;  marking  their  >U3  traits,  their  virtues  and  vices,  with 

playful  humorousne8^  free  from  bigotry,  or  narrow  preju- 

dice. 

He  was  in  France,  during  the  disturbance  between  France 
and  £ngland,  when  all  British  subjects  whatever  in  France 
were  detained  prisoners  of  war.  He  was  one  who  was  thus 
compelled  to  remain  a  prisoner  to  Napoleon.  He  was  there,  at 
the  time  of  Napoleon's  memorable  expedition  to  Russia;  and  saw 
the  splendid  troops  of  the  Emperor  when  they  left  delishtful 
France  to  commence  their  toilsome,  and  fatal  journey;  and  also 
the  remnant  when  they  returned,  broken  down,  dispirited,  hag- 

Eard,  and  wan,  their  garments  hanging  about  them  in  tatters  and 
ardly  life  enough  in  them  to  keep  soul  and  body  together.  The 
particulars  respecting  this  period,  he  could  communicate  with  the 
minuteness  of  an  eye-witness,  which  consequently  rendered  them 
very  interesting.  During  the  first  iiart  of  his  residence  in  France, 
bo  was  supponed  by  remittances  from  his  father,  and  allowed  the 
liberty  of  the  city  of  Valenciennes;  a  gentleman  there,  being 
bound  for  his  good  behavior.  He  thus  had  an  opportunity  of 
visiting,  and  becoming  acquainted  with  the  inhabitants.  He 
lived  in  this  manner  several  years.  At  length  aroused,  as  he 
said,  by  the  consciousness  that  he.  was  spending  the  best  days  of 
his  life  in  idleness,  he  formed  the  determination  to  try  and  make 
his  escape  from  the  country.  He  honorably  released  the  gentle- 
man who  was  bound  for  him,  from  his  obligation,  frankly  telling 
him  tiua  he  should  run  away  the  first  opportunity.  From  this 
time  be  was  alternately  arrested  and  imp  isoned,  and  by  varioui 
■tratageme  effiscted  bis  escape,  until  be  had  been  placed  in  ninety- 
three  diffiurent  prisons.    During  his  wanderings,  he  climbed  tn* 


-.»^.-» 


4fi8 


VARa^iTIIVB  07    OkfTXlV  IWCOLX. 


Alps,  and  visited  the  famous  passage,  cut  through  the  solid  rock, 
b^  Hannibal,  which  as  he  said,  was  of  sufficient  magnitude 
to  admit  n  large  haded  wagon  to  pass  through.  From  his  long 
residence  in  b  ranee,  he  had  learned  to  speak  the  French  languag* 
with  a  facility,  almost  equal  to  a  native.  The  charm  uf  hi* 
ronversati'.in  and  manners  drew  people  around  bim,  they  hardly 
knew  how,  or  why.  ^ 

1  was  ill  trade,  between  Boston  and  Philadelphia,  at  the  time 
he  came  to  Massachusetts,  and  he  sailed  with  me  several  trips 
as  my  mate.  He  a^crwards  went  to  Cuba,  and  was  subsequently 
engaged  in  the  mackerel  Hshery,  out  of  the  port  of  Hingham,  during 
the  warm  se»i)n,  and  in  the  winter  frequently  employed  himtif  't 
in  leaching  navigation  to  young  men,  for  which  he  was  eminen'v 
quuli.ied.  He  remained  with  us,  until  his  death,  which  to<i'r 
place  in  1829.  At  this  time  he  had  been  out  at  sea  two  or  three 
days,  when  he  was  taken  sick,  and  was  carried  into  Cape  Cod, 
where  he  died,  on  the  first  day  of  May  1829,  and  there  biit  re- 
mains lie  buried.  Peace  be  to  his  ashes!  They  rest  in  estrange 
land,  far  from  his  kindred,  and  his  native  country. 

Since  his  dttuth  I  have  met  with  Mr.  Stewart  in  Philadelphia^ 
who  was  Commercial  Agent  in  Trinidad  at  tiie  ti' :ie  of  my 
capture.  He  inrormed  me,  that  the  piratical  schooner  Me.xi« 
can,  was  ailerwards  chased  by  an  English  governm.3nt  vessel, 
from>  Jan:.,  ca,  which  was  cruisinz  in  search  of  it.  Bcin^j;  ^ntly 
pursued  tha  pirates  deserted  their  Vessel,  and  fled  to  the  :viu(i> 
grove  bushes,  ou  an  island  similar  to  that  oh  which  they  li^'j 
placed  me  and  my  crew  to  die.  The  English  surrounded  thi^nn. 
and  thus  they  were  cut  off  from  oil  hope  of  escape.  They  remained 
there,  I  think  fourteen  days,  when  being  almost  entirely  subdued 
by  famine,  eleven  surrendered  themselves,  and  were  taken.  The 
others  probably  perished  among  the  mangroves.  The  few.  who 
wore  taken  were  carried  by  the  government  vessel  into  Trinidad 
JMr.  Stewart  said  that  he  saw  them  himself,  and  such  miserable 
objects  that  had  life  he  never  before  beheld.  They  were  in  • 
state  of  starvation;  their  beards  had  grown  to  a  frightful  length, 
their  bodies  were  covered  wi'h  iilth  and  vermin,  and  their  coun« 
ten«nces  were  hideous.  From  Trinidad  they  were  taken  to 
Kingston,  Jamaica,  and  there  hung.  Thus  there  is  every  reason 
to  believe  that  this  horde  of  monsters  was  at  last  broken  up,  and 
dispersed. 


mm 


^ 


m 


n. 

ffh  the  solid  rock, 
Rcient  magnitude 
From  hi3  long 
J  French  languag«» 
Phe  charm  of  hir 
him,  they  hardly 

ilphin,*at  the  time 
th  me  several  trips 

was  subsequently 
tHingham,  during 
employed  hirr»,(  't 
ihe  was  eminen  >y 
[leath,  which  to<)'< 
it  sea  two  or  three 
sd  into  Cape  Cod, 

and  there  his  re- 
eyrest  in  a  strange 

try. 

rt  in  Philadelphia; 
It  the  l!  :ie  of  my 
al  schooner  Mexi« 
government  vessel, 
of  it.     Beins^i  liotly 
td  fled  to  the  ivii'ti- 
Dti  whicli  they  li-i'^ 
I  surrounded  thijm. 
pe.   They  remained 
jst  entirely  subdued 
d  were  taken.    The 
ves.     The  few  who 
vessel  into  Trinidad 
and  such  miserable 
1.    They  were  in  • 
0  a  friffhtful  length, 
«in,  and  their  coun- 
thoy  were  taken  to 
there  is  every  reason 
;  last  broken  up,  and 


>  vr  1^. 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


n' 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 


Q> 


«ac2nncB  mutitaii. 


46» 


GR£E?iWICH  HOSPITAL. 

Greenwidi,  which  was  formerly  a  distinct  town,  but  is  now  an 
appendageTo  tlie  British  metropolis,  ia  seated  on  the  south  bank 
of  the  Tnames,  five  miles  below  London  bridge.  It  is  celebrated 
for  its  hospital  for  wounded  and  decayed  seamen  of  the  national 


tireenwkli  HoipiUI. 

marine,  which  is  one  of  the  finest  architectural  edifices  in  tha 
world.  The  buildings  consist  of  four  distinct  piles,  two  along 
the  bank  of  the  river,  with  a  noble  terrace  in  front,  eight  hundred 
and  sixty  feet  in  length;  between  these  two  piles  is  a  lawn  two 
hundred  and  seventy  feet  wide;  the  two  other  piles  are  built  be- 
hind, projecting  into  the  square  or  lawn,  so  as  to  form  a  quadran- 
gle with  an  opening  in  the  centre,  which  is  terminated  by  an 
elegant  building  more  recently  erected  for  a  naval  school;  behind 
this,  on  the  summit  of  a  hill,  is  the  royal  observatory,  from  whence 
the  English  and  American  mariners  reckon  their  longitude.  The 
hill  at  this  point,  if  the  atmosphere  happens  by  rare  good  fortuna 
to  be  clear,  commands  a  grand  view  of  London  and  the  spuca 
intervening.  It  projects  to  boldly,  that  the  tops  of  the  trees  ap- 
pear at  the  feet  of  the  spectator— 4he  hospital,  with  its  domes, 
appears  embosomed  in  a  wooded  amphitheatre — and  the  river  ia 
its  serpentine  course,  thicker  and  thicker  covered  with  boata, 
hitfgttf,  wd  large  TeiMls. 

40 


-  ^'mmg:" 


mmmmm 


j^^^^^^UgliUl^maS ' 


470 


LOU  or  THB  IBir  B08T0V. 


Greenwich  hospital  is  decorated  by  several  colossal  statues  and 
beautiful  pieces  of  sculpture.  One  is  an  emblematical  represent- 
ation of  the  death  of  Nelson.  . 

The  pensioners  to  be  received  into  the  hospital  must  be  aged 
and  maimed  seamen  of  the  navy,  or  of  the  merchant  serMce.  if 
wounded  in  batUe,  and  marines  and  foreigners  who  have  served 
two  years  in  the  navy.  The  total  expense  of  the  establishment  is 
sixty-nine  thousand  pounds  per  annum,  which  is  appropriated  to 
the  support  of  about  three  thousand  seamen  on  the  premises,  and 
fifty-four  hundred  out-pensioners. 


LOSS  OF  THE  SHIP  BOSTON. 

An  unusual  degree  of  sensation  was  excited  in  Boston,  on  the 
first  of  June,  by  the  melancholy  tidings  of  the  loss  of  the  packet 
ship  Boston.     This  strong  and  elegant  ship—one  of  the  finest 
packets  that  belong  to  this  country— was  struck  by  lightmng  in 
the  Gulf  Stream,  six  days  out  from  Charleston,  and  burnt  to  the 
water's  edce.*    We  present  the  details  below,  a*  furnished  by 
Captain  Mackay.    "On  Tuesday,  the  25th  May,  lat   39,  SI, 
lone.  63,  46,  commenced  with  fresh  breeie  and  squally  wither 
— 15  2  PM.  heavy  rain  which  continued  until  sunset— at  8  ^.  M. 
forked  lifihtning  in  the  southwest,  and  dark  and  heavy  clouds  ris- 
ing from  the  westward— at  9,  the  wind  hauled  to  the  westwMa-. 
•t  10,  P.  M.  a  heavy  cloud  began  to  nse  in  the  southwest— at 
lOi,  sharp  lightning,  clued  up  the  topgallant-sails,  and  hauled  the 
mainsail  up--at  11,  heavy  thunder  and  sharp  lightning;  the  sec- 
ond fiash  struck*  the  ship,  burst  the  main-royal  from  the  gaskeU 
and  burnt  it;  knocked  down  the  steward  and  Isaac  Hopkins  a 
sailor,  and  filled  the  ship  full  of  electric  fluid.     We  exammed  th« 
ship  immediately  to  ascertain  if  the  masts  were  injured,  or  the 
lightning  had  passed  through  the  deck;  but  the  mast  appeared 
uninjured,  a  bright  complaiaanee  resting  on  each  royal-mast  head. 
We  single  reefed  the  maintop-sail,  and  were  about  to  haul  the 
mainsail,  when  we  ascertained  that  the  ship  was  on  fire     We 
immediately  cleared  the  main  and  after  hatchways,  to  get  at  the 
fire,  heaving  the  cotton  overboard  and  cutting  holes  in  the  deck, 
plying  water  in  every  direction— but  all  in  vain;  the  cotton  in  the 
miin  hold  was  on  fire,  fore  and  aft,  on  both  sides,  burning  like 
tinder.    Our  only  alternative  was  to  clear  away  the  boats  and 
get  them  out,  part  of  the  crew  and  passengers  at  work  keeping  the 
fire  down  as  much  as  possible  by  drawing  and  heavmg  water, 
the  scuppers  being  stopped  up;  we  stove  waler  «»•'•  o^'^™* 
cut  in  the  deck  and  in  the  main  hatchwey;  ttwrting  the  witer, 


\,. 


-r-.  :tmtM^«'iix'litihmKixiiimiiiiiii^''jiAi,'it'-immiiiili'  ;,•. 


iiiiiMiiniiiirtii  [iiiniainViitim-i'nii  iiiih>-Mi>t' ii^tamnniir 


'•'  -TO' 'i 


LOSS  or  THS  8Hir  BOITOir. 


4T1 


il  statues  and 
;al  represent- 

nust  be  aged 
Dt  serxice,  if 
have  served 
abftshment  is 
propriated  to 
iremises,  and 


loston,  on  the 
of  the  packet 

of  the  finest 
y  lightning  in 

burnt  to  the 

furnished  by 
r,  lat  39,  31, 
[ually  weather 
Bt— at  8  P.  M. 
ivy  clouds  ria- 
le  westward- 
southwest — at 
ind  hauled  the 
ling;  the  sec- 
m  the  gaskets 
lac  Hopkins  ai 
s  examined  the 
njured,  or  the 
mast  appeared 
yal-mast  head, 
ut  to  haul  the 

on  fire.  We 
B,  to  get  at  the 
es  in  the  deck, 
le  cotton  in  the 
IS,  burning  lika 
the  boats  and 
irk  keeping  the 
leaving  water, 
uki  over  holee 
ing  the  witi^, 


but  all  to  no  good  purpose,  for  before  we  could  get  the  long  boat 
over  the  ship's  side,  the  fire  had  burst  through  the  deck  and  out 
the  larboard  aidn  of  th«  Bhin,  The  ilames  raged  with  such  vio- 
lence and  consuiaed  the  vessel  so  quick,  that  nothing  could  be 
saved  from  the  wreck.  We  got  about  forty  gallons  of  water  and 
provisions  sufficient,  on  a  short  allowance,  to  keep  the  passengers 
and  crew  alive  for  three  weeks — almost  every  thing  else  was 
burnt  up  in  the  ship,  even  the  money,  watches,  and  clothes— all 
destroyed.  At  3,  A.  M.  the  main  and  mizen  mastn  were  burnt 
off  below  deck,  and  the  masts  fell  in  the  water  at  half-past  3,  the 
passensers  and  crew  were  all  in  the  boats;  the  flame**  had  then 
reached  the  forecastle,  and  the  bhip  was  one  complete  flame  of 
fire,  fore  and  aft.  The  passengers  had  exerted  themselves  to  the 
utmost  to  assist  us.  The  officers  had  with  unwearied  exertion, 
coolness,  and  persevering  activity  done  all  that  men  could  do. 
The  ship's  crew  worked  like  horses  and  behaved  like  men;  but 
all  would  not  do. — ^About  three  hours  time  had  changed  one  of 
the  best  ships  that  ever  swam  to  a  complete  volcano,  and  twenty- 
three  persona  cast  adrift  on  the  open  ocean.  The  cabin  passen- 
gers were  Admiral  Sir  Isaac  Coffin  and  servant,  Dr.  William 
Boag,  and  his  sister  Miss  Ansella  Boag,  Mr.  Niel  McNeil,  and 
Mr.  Samuel  S.  Osgood.  It  was  then  raining  and  the  sea  was 
running  high,  and  every  person  drenched  through  With  water;  in 
this  situation  the  constitution  of  Miss  Boag,  the  only  lady  pas- 
senaer,  soon  gave  way.  This  amiable  young  lady's  firmness  of 
conduct  at  the  first  alarm  of  fire,  and  during  the  whole  srene,  is 
worthy  of  the  highest  praise.  To  the  divine  will  of  her  God  she 
submitted  without  a  murmur,  and  at  1 1  o'clock  on  Wednesday, 
in  the  boat,  she  died  in  the  arms  of  her  brother,  thanking  him  in 
the  most  afiectionate  manner  for  his  kindness,  giving  her  bles- 
sing to  us  all.  On  the  following  day,  she  was  buried  with  the 
church  service,  our  situation  not  admitting  of  the  corpse  being 
kept  longer  ic  the  boat.  We  remained  iu  the  boats  near  the  fire 
of  the  wreck,  two  days,  and  at  three  o'clock  P.  M.  on  Thursday, 
were  taken  on  board  the  brig  Idas,  of  Liverpool,  N.  S.  from 
Deinarara,  bound  to  Halifax,  Captain  Joseph  Barnaby,  who  with 
his  officers  and  crew  treated  us  with  every  kindness  and  attention. 
We  remained  on  board  thr  brig  two  days,  when  Sunday  morning. 
May  30th,  falling  in  with  the  brig  Camilla,  Captain  Robert  B. 
Edes,  he  was  gowl  enough  to  ofier  us  a  passage  to  Boston,  and 
received  us  on  board  his  vessel." 

Admiral  sir  Isaac  Coffin,  after  landing  from  the  brig  Camilla, 
authorized  his  aaent  to  present  Captain  Mackay  with  a  check  for 
five  hundred  dollars;  and  subsequently  sent  him  an  elegant  gold 
watch,  to  replace  one  which  he  had  lost  by  the  destruction  ofthe 
■hip. 


.'  ,ii_4jtgMJ<l'  ' 


in 


THE  LOSS  or  TBS  KEITT. 


THE  LOSS  OF  THE  KENT 

COMSfUNICATED   BT   AX  EYE  WITNESS. 

The  Ktnt,  Captain  Henry  Cobb,  a  fine  new  ship  of  one  thoa> 
sand  three  hundred  and  fifty  tons,  bound  to  Bengal  and  China, 
left  the  Downs  on  the  1 9th  of  February,  with  twenty  ofBcers,  three 
hundred  and  forty-four  soldiers,  forty-three  women,  and  sixty-six 
children,  belonging  to  the  thirty-first  regiment;  with  twenty  pri- 
vate passengers,  and  a  crew  (including  officers)  of  one  hundred 
and  forty-eight  men  on  board. 

On  the  night  of  Monday,  the  28th  of  February  1827,  when  the 
Kent  was  in  lat.  47  degrees  30  minutes.  Ion.  10  degrees,  a  violent 
gale  blew  from  the  wert,  and  gradually  increased  during  the  fi>lluw- 
ing  morning.  The  rolling  of  the  vessel  became  tremendous  about 
midnight,  s:>  that  the  best  fastened  articles  of  furniture  in  the 
principal  cabins  were  dashed  about  with  violence,  and  the  main 
chains  were  thrown  at  every  lurch  under  water. 

It  was  a  little  before  this  period,  that  one  of  the  pflicers  of  tb« 
■hip,  with  the  well-meant  intention  of  ascertaining  that  all  was  fa|t 
below,  descended  with  two  of  the  sailors  into  the  hold,  where  the/ 
carried  with  them,  for  safety,  a  light  in  the  patent  lantern;  and 
seeing  that  the  lamp  bnrned  dimly,  the  officer  took  the  precautioQ 
to  hand  it  up  to  the  orlop-deck  to  be  trimmed.  Having  after- 
wards discovered  one  of  the  spirit  casks  to  be  adrift,  he  sent  the 
Miiors  for.  some  billets  of  wood  to  secure  it;  but  the  ship  in  their 
absence  having  made  a  heavy  lurch,  the  <5fiicer  unfortunat«il]! 
dropped  the  light;  and  letting  go  his  hold  of  the  cask  in  his  eager* 
DeM  to  recover  the  lantern,  it  suddenly  stove,  and  the  spirits  com- 
municating  with  the  lamp,  the  whole  place  was  iostaatly  in  \ 
blaie. 

It  so  happened  that  the  author,  went  into  the  ciuUy  to  obs«r^ 
the  state  of  the  barometer,  when  he  received  from  Captain  SpeuM^ 
the  captain  of  the  day,  the  alarming  information  that  the  sfai p  wm 
on  fire  in  the  after  hold. 

As  long  as  the  devouring  element  appeared  to  be  confined  to 
the  spot  where  the  fire  originated,  ana-  which  we  were  assured 
was  surrounded  on  all  sides  by  water  casks,  we  ventured  to  cherish 
hopes  that  it  might  be  subdued;  but  no  sooner  was  the  light  blii^ 
vapor  that  at  first  arose  succeeded  by  volumes  of  thick  dingy 
smoke,  which  speedily  ascendeo  through  all  the  four  hatchways, 
rolling  over  every  part  of  the  ship,  than  all  farther  coneealnient 
became  impossible,  and  almost  all  hope  of  preserving  the  vespsl 
was  abandoned.  "  The  flames  have  reached  the  cablt;  tier,"  wm 
exclaiined  by  some  individuals,  and  the  strong  pitchy  smell  tj|||( 
pervaded  the  deck  confirmed  the  truth  of  the  exclamation. 

In  these  awful  circumstances  Captain  Cobb,  with  an  abilit/ 


p  of  one  thoa* 
;al  and  China, 
f  officers,  three 
I,  and  sixty-six 
ith  twenty  pri- 
if  one  hundred 

1827,  when  the 
grees,  a  violent 
ring  the  iollow- 
mendous  about 
irniture  in  the 
,  and  the  main 

>  officers  of  the 
hat  all  was  faijl 
»ld,  where  thej 
t  lantern;  ana 
the  precautioQ 
Having  after" 
ift,  be  sent  this 
Ite  ship  in  their 
unfortunatc^j! 
ik  in  his  eager* 
he  spirits  com* 
instantly  in  « 

<Uy  to  obs«nrf 
aptain  SpenM^ 
Lt  the  ship  wiw 

lie  confined  tQ 
were  assured 
iired  to  cherish 
the  light  bluf 
>f  thlcK  dingy 
>ur  hatchways, 
r  concealnient 
ing  the  vessel 
iblt;  tier,"  w«(| 
chy  smell  tlMl 
nation, 
vitb  40  abilU/ 


THE  LOSS  or  TUB  KCXT. 


41t 


anil  ilecifion  of  charactor  that  seemed  to  increase  with  the  iinmi* 
nence  of  the  dungur,  resorted  to  the  only  alternative  now  left  him, 
of  ordering  the  lower  deck  to  be  scuttled,  the  comb'ng  of  the 
hatches  to  be  cut,  and  the  lower  ports  to  be  opened,  for  the  freo 
adiriisMon  ofthe  wave4. 

These  instructions  were  speedily  executed  by  the  united  eflbrti 
of  the  troops  nnd  seamen:  but  not  before  some  of  the  sick  soldiers, 
one  woman,  and  several  children,  unable  to  gain  the  upper  deck, 
hiul  perished.  On  descending  to  the  gun-deck  with  colonel  Fear- 
on,  Captain  Bray,  and  one  or  two  other  officers  of  the  31st  regi- 
ment to  assist  in  opening  the  ports,  I  met,  staggering  towards  tne 
hatchway,  in  an  exhausted  and  nearly  senseless  state,  one  of  the 
mates,  who  informed  us  that  he  had  just  stumbled  over  the  dead 
bodies  of  some  individuals  who  must  have  died  from  suffoca'ioo^ 
to  which  it  was  evident  that  he  himself  had  almost  fallen  a  victim. 
So  dense  and  oppressive  was  the  smoke,  that  it  wtts  with  the  ut« 
roost  difficulty  we  could  remain  long  enough  below  to  fulfil  Capip 
tain  Cobb's  wishes;  which  were  no  sooner  accomplished  than  106 
sea  rushed  in  with  extraordinary  force,  carrying  away  in  its  restat" 
less  progress  ta  the  hold,  the  largest  chests,  bulk-heads,  &c. 

On  the  one  hand  stood  death  by  fir6,  on  the  other  death  by  wa- 
ter; the  dilemma  was  dreadt\il.  Preferring  always  the  more  re- 
mote  alternative,  the  unfortunate  crew  were  at  one  moment  at- 
tempting to  check  the  fire  by  means  of  water;  and  when  the 
water  became  the  most  threatening  enemy,  their  eflTorts  were 
turned  to  the  exclusion  of  the  waves,  and  the  fire  was  permitted 
to  rage  with  all  its  fury.  ' 

The  scene  of  horror  that  now  presented  itself,  baffles  all  de- 
scription— The  upper  deck  yas  covered  with  between  six  and 
■even  hundred  human  beings,  many  of  whom,  from  previous  ^a 
aickness,  were  forced  on  the  first  alarm  to  flee  fironi  below  in  a 
state  of  absolute  nakedness,  and  were  now  running  aboat  in  quest 
of  husbands,  children  or  parents. 

While  some  "were  standing  in  silent  resignation,  or  in  ttnpid 
iitsensibility  to  their  impending  fate,  others  were  yielding  them- 
■elves  up  to  the  most  frantic  despair.  Some  on  their  knees  were 
earnestly  imploring,  with  siirnificant  gesticulations  and  in  noisy 
■applications,  the  mercy  of  Him,  whose  arm  they  exclaimed,  waa 
at  length  outstretched  to  smite  them;  others  were  to  be  seen 
hastily  crossing  themselves,  and  performing  4he  various  external 
acts  required  by  their  peculiar  persuasion,  while  a  number  of  the 
older  and  more  stout-hearted  sailors  suddenly  took  their  seats 
directly  over  the  magazine,  hoping  as  they  stated,  that  by  means 
of  the  explosion,  which  they  every  instailt  expected,  a  speedier 
termination  might  thereby  be  put  to  their  suflerings.* 

•  Captiin  Oobb,  with  graal  fiwelboiiibt,  ordtrad  the  deck 'to  be  nciiltled  frrwiri,  iritbs 
Titw  to  draw  the  flr*  in  timt  dtraetinn,  Knnwlnv  thnl  batwean  it  iind  the  mngnxlne  urais 
Mreml  Iter*  of  wntar  caiki ;  while  he  hoped  tbst  the  wet  enilt,  *e.  Uirawii  Into  Um  sAit 
biM,  would  pnvMit  It  ikom  f.oinmiinh»tlng  with  the  epirttonMin  tiNift. 

40* 


■mw" 


■MM 


J 


474 


THB  LOSS  OF  TBI  KKNT. 


Several  of  the  soldiera'  wives  and  children,  who  had  fled  for 
temporary  shelter  into  the  after  cabins  on  the  upper  decK,  were 
engaged  i  .1  praying  and  in  reading  the  scriptures  with  the  ladies, 
'some  of  whom  were  enabled  with  wonderful  self-possession,  to 
offer  to  others  those  spiritual  consolations,  which  a  firm  and  in- 
telligent trust  in  the  Redeemer  of  the  world  appeared  at  this  aw- 
ful hour  to  impart  to  their  own  breasts. 

All  hope  had  departed!  the  employment  of  the  different  indi- 
viduals indicated  utter  despair  of  rescue— one  was  removing  a 
lock  of  hair  from  his  writmg  desk  to  his  bosom— others  ^9n 
awaiting  their  fate  in  stupor — some  with  manly  fortitude— others 
bewailing  it  with  loud  and  bitter  lamentation— and  part  were  oe- 
cupie<*  in  prayer  and  mutual  encouragement. 

It  was  at  this  appalling  instant,  when  "  all  hope  that  we  should 
be  saved  was  taken  away,"  that  it  occurred  to  Mr.  Thompson, 
the  fourth  mate,  to  send  a  man  to  the  foretop,  rather  with  the 
ardbnt  wish  than  the  expectation,  that  some  firiendly  sail  might 
be  discovered  on  the  face  of  the  waters.  I1ie  sailor,  on  mount- 
ing, threw  his  eyee  round  the  horizon  for  a  moment — a  moment 
ofunutterable  suspense — and  waving  his  hat,  exclaimed,  "  A  sail 
on  the  lee-bow!"  The  joyful  announcement  was  received  with 
aeep-felt  thanksgiving,  and  with  three  cheers  upon  deck.  Our 
flags  of  distress  were  instantly  hoisted,  and  our  minute  guns  fired; 
ana  we  endeavored  to  bear  down  under  our  three-topsails  and  fore- 
sail upon  the  stranaer,  which  afterwards  proved  to  be  the  Caim- 
pria,  a  small  brig  of  two  hundred  tons  burden,  —  Cook,  bound  to 
Vera  Cruz,  having  on  board  twenty  or  thirty  Cornish  miners,  and 
other  agents  of  the  Anslo-Mexican  company. 

While  Captain  Cobb,  colonel  F^ron,  and  major  Mac^egor 
of  the  31  St  regiment,  were  consulting  together,  as  the  brig  was 
approaching  us,  on  the  necessary  preparations  for  getting  out  the 
boats,  &c.  one  of  the  officers  asked  major  M.  in  what  order  it 
was  intended  the  officers  should  move  off?  to  which  the  other 
replied,  "of  course  the  funeral  order;"  which  injunction  was 
instantly  confirmed  by  Colonel  Fearon,  who  said,  "  Most  undoubt- 
edly the  juniors  first— but  see  that  any  man  is  cut  down  who  pre- 
sumes to  enter  the  boats  before  the  means  of  escape  are  printed 
to  tbe  women  and  children." 

Arrangements  having  been  considerately  made  by  Captain 
Cobb  for  placing  in  the  first  boat,  previous  to  letting  it  down,  all 
th<)  ladies,  and  as  many  of  the  soldiers'  wives  as  it  could  safely 
contain,  they  hurriedly  wrapt  tber<^r<*lves  up  in  whatever  article 
of  clothing  could  be  most  conveniently  found;  and  I  think  about 
two,  or  half  past  two  o'clock,  a  most  mournful  procession  advanc- 
ed from  the  after  cabins  to  the  star-board  cudoy  port,  outside  of 
which  the  cutter  was  suspended.  Scarcely  a  word  was  heard— 
not  a  scream  was  uttered— even  the  infants  ceased  to  cry,  as  if 
conscious  of  the  unspoken  and  unspeakable  anguish  that  was  at 


■MM 


■iWiiiiiilteliiiiii*! 


mm 


immnkf, ' 


>  had  fled  for 
er  deck,  were 
rith  the  ladies, 
•poeaeMion,  to 
ft  firm  ana  in- 
ed  at  this  aw- 

different  indi- 
18  removing  a 
— othera  i^ere 
titude— othera 
part  were  oe- 

that  we  ahould 
x.  Thompaon, 
ither  with  the 
\d\y  Bail  might 
lor,  on  mount- 
nt — a  moment 
imed,  "  A  aidl 
received  with 
m  deck.  Our 
ite  guna  fired; 
•sails  and  fore- 

>  be  the  Caim- 
yook,  bound  to 
sh  minora,  and 

jor  Mac^egor 
I  the  brig  waa 
jetting  out  the 
what  order  it 
lich  the  other 
niunction  waa 
Most  undoubt- 
lown  who  pre- 
I  are  printed 

e  by  Captain 
ng  it  down,  all 
it  could  safely 
latever  article 
I  think  about 
easion  advanti- 
}rt,  outaide  of 
1  was  heard— 
i  to  cry,  as  if 
ah  that  waa  at 


i 'iii'wvii  iri"<r'i''iii'iiHii 


I 


fi 


THE  LOSS  or  THX  KIIfT  475 

thia  instant  rending  the  hearts  of  the  parting  parents — nor  waa 
the  silence  of  voices  in  any  way  broken,  except  in  one  or  two 
cases,  where  the  ladies  plaintively  «iilr«alt)d  to  be  left  behind 
with  their  husbands.  But  on  being  assured  that  every  moment's 
delay  might  occasion  the  sacrifice  of  a  human  life,  they  succes- 
sively suffered  themselves  to  be  torn  from  the  tender  embrace, 
and  with  a  fortitude  which  never  fails  to  characterize  and  adorn 
their  sex  on  occasions  of  overwhelming  trial,  were  placed,  with- 
out a  murmur,  in  the  boat,  which  waa  immediately  lowered  into 
a  sea  so  tempestuous,  as  to  leave  us  only  "  to  hope  against  hope  " 
that  it  should  live  in  it  for  a  single  moment.  Twice  the  cry  was 
heard  from  those  on  the  chains  that  the  boat  was  swamping. 
But  he  who  enabled  the  Apostle  Peter  to  walk  on  the  fiice  of  the 
deep,  and  waa  graciously  atfending  to  the  silent  but  earnest 
aspirations  of  those  <  n  board,  had  decreed  its  safety. 

AAer  one  or  two  unsuccessful  attempts  to  place  the  little  frail 
bark  fairly  upon  the  surface  of  the  water,  the  command  was  at 
length  given  to  unhook;  the  tackle  at  the  stern  was  in  conse 
quence,  immediately  cleared;  but  t|^e^ ropes  at  the  bow  having 
lot  foul,  the  sailor  there  found  it  impossible  to  obey  the  order, 
.n  vain  was  the  axe  applied  to  the  entangled  tackle.  The  moment 
was  inconceivably  critical;  as  the  boat,  which  necessarily  follow- 
ed the  motion  of  the  ship,  was  gradually  rising  out  of  the  water, 
and  must,  in  another  instant  have  been  hanging  perpendicularly 
by  the  bow,  and  its  helpless  passengers  launched  into  the  deep, 
had  not  a  most  providential  wave  suddenly  struck  and  lifted  up 
the  stern,  so  as  to  enable  the  seaman  to  disengaae  the  tackle; 
and  the  boat  being  dexterously  cleared  from  the  ship,  waa 
jMtn  after  a  little  while,  battfing  with  the  billows:  now  raised, 
in  its  progress  to  the  brig,  like  9  speck  on  their  summit,  and  then 
disappearing  for  several  seconds,  aa  if  engulphed  "  in  the  horrid 
vale  "  between  them. 

Two  or  three  soldiers,  to  relieve  their  wives  of  a  part  of  their 
families,  sprang  into  the  water  with  their  children,  aud  perished 
in  their  endeavora  to  save  them.  One  young  lady,  who  had  re- 
solutely refused  to  quit  her  father,  whose  sense  of  duty  kept  him 
at  his  pest,  was  near  falling  a  sacrifice  to  her  filial  devotion,  not 
having  been  picked  up  by  those  in  the  boats,  until  she  had  sunk 
five  or  six  times.  Another  individual,  who  was  red-- /:ed  to  the 
frightful  alternative  of  losing  his  wife,  or  his  chilt  :•  hastily 
decided  in  favor  of  his  duty  to  the  former.  His  wife  W5 1  accor- 
dingly saved,  but  his  four  children,  alas!  were  left  to  perith.  A 
fine  rallow,  a  soldier,  who  had  neither  wife  nor  child  of  his  own, 
but  who  evinced  the  greatest  solicitude  for  the  safety  of  those  of 
others,  insisted  on  having  three  children  lashed  to  him,  with  whom 
he  plunged  into  the  Water;  not  being  able  to  reach  the  boat,  he 
waa  drawn  again  into  the  ship  with  his  charge,  but  not  before  two 
of  the  children  had  expired.  ■  One  man  fell  down  the  hatchway 


MMiiiiiiiiMi 


J 


476 


THE  LOSS  O.;  THE  KE.VT. 


into  the  flames,  nnd  another  had  his  back  so  completely  broken 
■3  to  have  been  ol)8ervcd  quite  doubled  lulling  overboard.  Th« 
numerous  spectacles  ol' individual  loss  and  suffering  tvere  not  wn- 
k*  lo  the  entrance  upon  the  perilous  voyage  between  the  two 
jinips.  One  man  who  fell  beneath  the  boat  and  brig,  had  hia 
liead  literally  crushed  fine— and  some  others  were  lost  in  their  at- 
teinnts  to  ascend  the  sides  of  the  Cambria, 

When  the  greater  part  of  the  men  had  been  disposed  of.  th« 
gradual  removal  of  the  officers  commenced,  and  was  marked  by 
a  disciplme  the  most  rigid,  and  an  intrepidity  the  most  exemplary: 
none  nppearmg  to  be  inUuenced  by  a  vain  and  ostentatious  bravery 
wijich  m  cases  of  extreme  peril,  affords  rather  a  presumptive  proo/ 
ol  secret  t,jp»dity  than  of  fortitude;  nor  any  betraying  an  unraanit 
or  unsoldier.hke  impatience  to  quit  the  ship;  but  with  the  beeoni. 

l?i?u f'**.?"*"*  °^  "J**?  '***"^*''  Pwa'ywd  by,  uor  profanely  insed- 
•iWe  to,  the  accumulating  dangers  that  encompassed  them,  tbiy 
progressively  departed  in  the  different  boats  with  their  loldiera: 
—they  who  happened  to  proceed  first  leaving  behind  them  an 
foC  d  *     '^*'***'**'*  ^^'^  *""''*  °°^  ■*«  u«*prolitable  to  those  who 

Every  individual  was  desired  to  tie  a  rope  round  his  waist. 

While  the  people  were  busily  occupied  in  adopting  this  recom- 
mendation.  Im,  surprised.  I  had  almost  said  amused,  by  the 
■ingular  delpcy  of  one  of  the  Irish  recruits,  who  in  searching 
for  a  rope  i»  one  of  the  cabins,  called  out  to  me  that  he  coulS 
find  none  except  the  cordage  belonging  to  an  officer's  cot.  tad 
wwhed  to  know  whether  there  would  be  any  barm  in  bia  app/oori^ 
■tint '?  '«>  his  own  use.  rr    r  r 

«^*'°L  ^  ■"  agreeable  proof  too,  of  the  subordination  and  good 
iMiling  that  governed  the  poor  soldiers  in  the  midst  of  their  suffM^-  • 
ings.  1  ouffht  to  state  that  toward  evening,  when  the  melancholy 
groupe  who  were  passively  seated  on  the  poop,  exhausted  by  pre- 
vious fatiffue,  anxiety  and  fasting,  were  beginning  to  experienoa 
tde  pain  of  intolerable  thirst,  a  box  of  oranges  was  accidentally  dit- 
covered  by  some  of  the  men,  who  with  a  degree  of  mingled  coQ- 
aideration,  respect,  and  affection,  that  could  hardly  hSve  been 
expected  at  such  a  moment,  refused  to  partake  of  the  eratefiil 
beverage,  until  thoy  had  afforded  a  share  of  it  to  their  oflteers 

The  spanker-boom  of  so  large  a  ship  as  the  Kent,  which  oro- 
jecu,  1  should  think,  sixteen  or  eighteen  feet  over  the  stern,  resta 
on  ordinary  occasions  about  nineteen  or  twenty  feet'  above  the 
water;  but  in  the  position  in  which  we  were  placed,  from  the 
greatheight  of  the  sea,  and  consequent  pitching  of  the  ship,  it 
was  frequently  liAed  to  a  height  of  not  less  than  thirty  or  forty 
feet  from  the  surface.  '' 

To  reach  the  rope,  therefore,  that  hung  fmm  its  extremity,  waa 
an  operation  that  seemed  to  require  the  aid  of  as  much  dexterity 
or  band  aa  steadioeas  of  bead.    For  it  was  not  only  the  nervQi)^ 


SSSSKStSBSSOtt 


i.'M.mti,tmts 


M^ 


V 


iomplelel/  broken 
overboard.  Th« 
iiig  ivere  not  cona 
between  the  two 
nd  bri^,  had  his 
re  lost  in  their  at- 

disposcd  of,  thai 
I  WM  marked  by 
I  most  exemplary; 
intatioua  bravery, 
resumptive  proo^ 
lying  an  uomanljr 
t  with  the  beeoOK 
r  profanely  insed- 
uMed  them,  they 
th  their  soldiers; 
behind  them  an 
ble  to  those  who 

td  his  waist. 
pting  this  recom- 
amused,  by  tbo 
rho  in  searching 
le  that  he  could 
(iicer'a  cot,  aad 
1  in  his  appropri- 

inationandgppd 
Bt  of  their  sudiur-  * 
the  melancholy 
hausted  by  pre- 
;  to  experience 
accidentally  dia* 
)f  mingled  con* 
rdly  hiive   be^n 
of  the  grateful 
their  oflieeni. 
ent,  which  pro- 
the  .stern,  rests 
feet  above  the 
laced,  from  the 
;  of  the  ship,  it 
thirty  or  forty 

extremity,  was 
much  dexterity 
ly  the  norvqi)^ 


THE   LOSS  OF  THE  KENT. 


4n 


neas  of  creeping  along  the  boom  itself,  or  the  extreme  difficulty 
of  afterwards  seizing  on  and  sliding  down  hy  the  rop«,  that  we 
had  to  dread,  and  that  occasioned  the  loss  of  some  valuable 
lives,  by  deterring  the  men  from  adopting  this  mode  of  escape: 
but  as  the  boat,  which  one  moment  was  probably  under  the  boom, 
might  be  carried  the  next,  by  the  force  of  the  waves,  fifteen  or 
twenty  yards  away  from  it,  the  unhappy  individual,  whose  best 
calculations  were  thus  defeated,  was  generally  left  swinging  for 
sometime  in  mid-air,  if  he  was  not  repeatedly  plunged  several 
feet  under  water,  or  dashed  with  dangerous  violence  against  tho 
aides  of-the  returning  boat>-or,  what  not  unfrequently  happened, 
waa  forced  to  let  go  his  hold  of  the  rope  uitngcther.  .  As  there 
seemed,  however  no  alternative,  I  did  not  hesitate,  notwiths:and> 
tng  my  comparative  inexperience  and  awkwardness  in  such  a 
situation,  to  throw  my  leg  across  the  perilous  stick;  and  with 
a  heart  extremely  grateful  that  such  means  of  deliverance,  dan« 
gerous  as  they  appeared,  were  still  extended  to  me;  and  more 

Jrateful  still  that  I  had  Been  enabled,  in  common  with  others,  to 
ischarge  my  honest  duty  to  my  sovereign  and  to  my  fellow* 
soldiers;  I  proceeded  after  confidently  committing  my  spirit,  the 

}|reat  object  of  my  solicitude;  into  the  keeping;  ot  Him  who  had 
ormcd  and  redeemed  it,  to  creep  slowly  forward,  feeling  at  every 
■top  the  increased  difficulty  of  my  situation.  On  setting  nearly 
to  the  end  of  the  boom,  the  young  officer  whom  1  ibilowed  and 
oiyseff  were  met  with  a  squall  of  wind  and  rain,  so  violent  as  to 
make  us  fain  to  embrace  closely  the  slippery  stick,  without  at- 
tempting for  some  minutes  to  make  any  progress,  and  to  excite 
our  apprehension  that  we  must  relinquish  all  hope  of  reaching 
the  rope.  But  our  fears  were  disappointed,  and  after  resting  for 
awhile  at  the  boom  end,  while  my  companion  was  descending  to 
the  boat,  which  he  did  not  find  until  ho  had  been  plunged  ouce  or 
twice  over  head  in  the  water.  I  prepared  to  follow;  and  instead 
of  lowering  myself,  as  many  had  imprudently  done  at  the  moment 
when  the  boat  was  inclining  towards  us — and  consequently  being 
unable  to  descend  the  whole  distance  before  it  again  receded— 4 
ealculatcd  that  while  the  boat  was  retiring,  I  ought  to  commence 
my  descent,  which  would  probably  be  completed  by  the  time  the 
returning  wave  brought  it  underneath;  by  which  means  I  was,  I 
believe,  almost  the  only,  officer  or  soldier  who  reached  the  boat 
without  being  either  severely  bruised  or  immersed  in  the  water. 
But  my  friend  Colonel  Fearon  had  nnt  been  so  fortunate;  for 
after  swimming  for  sometime,  and  being  repeatedly  struck  against 
the  side  of  the  boat,,  and  at  ona  tinie  drawn  completely  under  it, 
he  was  at  last  so  utterly  bxhausted,  that  he  must  instantly  have 
let  go  his  hold  of  the  rope  and  perished,  had  not  one  in  the  boat 
seized  him  by  the  hair  of  the  head  and  dragged  him  into  it,  almost 
senseless  and  alarmingly  bruised. 

Captain  Cobb,  in  his  inimovai)lo  resolutions  to  bo  the  last,  if 


U'llUjl.n.- 


"  ^iWiMiiii 


MMMNMIw 


iililiUiiMIWig 


I 


4T8 


nuriBTIU  Of  TBB  MA. 


poHible,  to  quit  hit  •hip,  and  in  his  generous  anxiety  for  the 
pretervation  of  every  life  entrusted  to  hia  charge,  refused  to  leek 
the  boat,  until  he  again  endeavored  to  urse  ontvard  the  fev  still 
around  him,  who  seemed  struck  dumb  ana  powerless  with  dismay. 
But  finding  all  his  entreaties  fruitless  and  hearing  the  guns,  whose 
tackle  was  burst  asunder  by  the  advancing  flames,  successively 
ejmloding  in  the  hold  into  which  they  had  fallen — this  gallant 
officer,  after  having  nobly  pursued,  for  the  preservation  of  others, 
a  course  of  exertion  that  has  been  rarely  equalled  either  in  its  du- 
ration or  difiiculty,  at  last  felt  it  right  to  provide  for  his  own  safety, 
by  laying  hold  on  the  topping  lift,  or  rope  that  connects  the  driver- 
boom  with  the  mizen-top,  and  thereby  getting  over  the  heads  of 
the  infatuated  men  who  occupied  the  ooom,  unable  to  go  either 
backward  or  forward,  and  ultimately  dropping  himseir  into  the 
water. 


*  PROPERTIES  OF  THE  SEA,  &c. 

The  sea  seems  not  less  necessary  to  the  existence  of  man  him- 
self, than  the  solid  earttf  upon  which  be  treads.  It  absorbs  and 
decomposes  the  noxious  particles  of  the  atmosphere ;  and  if  it 
were  dried  up,  the  earth  would  become  as  arid  and  unfruitful  as  a 
desert.  Its  various  basins — which,  .with  the  exception  of  the 
Caspian,  all  stand  in  connexion  with  each  other — facilitate  the 
transactions  of  commerce,  and  the  intercourse  of  nations;  and  its 
productions  form  a  valuable  branch  of  industry  in  every  maritime 
country. 

The  bed  or  basin  of  the  ocean,  being  only  a  continuation  of 
the  land,  e;ihibits  the  same  inequalities  of  surface  which  conti- 
nents present.  Were  the  sea  dried  up,  it  would  present  a  scene 
of  mountains,  valleys,  rocks,  and  plains,  covered  in  some  instances 
with  their  own  peculiar  vegetation,  and  the  abode  of  various  spe- 
cies of  animds.  The  depth  of  the  sea  varies  greatly  in  diffbrent 
placss.  The  greatest  depth  ever  measured  was  that  ascertained 
by  Mr.  Scoresby,  the  captain  of  a  Greenland  whaler,  who  sunk 
a  very  heavy  lead  in  the  Greenland  Sea,  to  the  depth  of  nearly 
4,700  feet,  without  finding  ground.  According  to  the  laws  or 
gravitation,  by  which  in  aUconoeeted  bodies  of  water,  the  higher 
parts  must  flow  towards  the  lower,  tiU  they  attain  the  same  level, 
the  level  of  the  ocean  is,  Ifenerally  npeaking,'  the  same  every- 
where. The  only  exocntion.  tO>  this  position  may  perhaps  be 
found  in  gulfs  and  inland  seas,  which  have  only  a  slight  eomma- 
nication  with  the  ocean. 

The  colrr  of  the  ocean  is  generally  of  a  deep  bluish  green, 
perticiJarly  in  the  deeper  sens;  as  the  depth  diminishes  towards 


'J.I-I1..I.  ,li|t  JUiBW 


M^»<'»  *«».-^»ff  ■>  ifM 


illWII    I     I  -  - 


nwmmi  ov  thb  ha. 


4lf 


IS  anxiety  for  the 
e,  refused  to  seek 
nrsrd  the  few  still 
srless  with  dismay, 
g  the  guns,  whose 
imes,  successively 
Jlen — this  gallant 
ervation  of  others, 
ed  either  in  its  du- 
ror  his  own  safety, 
mnects  the  driver- 
>ver  the  beads  of 
■able  to  go  either 
[  bimseir  into  the 


Iec. 

tence  of  man  him- 
It  absorbs  and 
sphere;  and  if  it 
and  unfruitful  as  a 
exception  of  the 
ler — facilitate  the 
>f  nations;  and  its 
in  every  maritime 

a  continuation  of 
face  which  conti- 
d  present  a  scene 
I  in  some  instancea 
ide  of  various  spe- 
;reatly  in  different 
s  that  ascertained 
whaler,  who  sunk 
e  depth  of  nearly 
ig  to  the  laws  of 
'  water,  the  higher 
in  the  same  level, 
the  same  every- 
may  perhaps  be 
f  a  slight  eomma- 

Bep  bluish  green, 
iicinishes  towards 


the  coasts,  the  water  assumes  a  Jighter  shade.  This  apparent 
color  of  the  sea  may  be  explained  upon  the  same  principle  as 
that  of  the  azure  blue  oi  the  atmosphere,  iloth  fluids  are  color- 
less when  in  a  glass;  the  air  reflects  chiefly.the  most  refrangible 
rays  of  light,  viz.  the  violet,  indigo,  and  blue,  and  therefore 
usually  appears  of  an  azure  color,  the  resuh  of  a  mixture  of 
these:  but  the  sea,  from  its  density  and*  depth,  is  able  to  re- 
flect not  only  many  blue  and  violet,  but  also  some  of  the  less 
refrangible  rays  in  sufficient  proportion  to  compose  a  greenish 
blue.  The  other  shades  in  the  color  of  seawater  depend  on 
illusory  or  local  causes.  The  green  and  yellow  shades  of  the  sea 
arise  ftom  marine  plants;  a  distinct  shade  is  often  communicated 
to  its  surface  by  the  presence  of  myriads  of  minute  insects:  and  in 
ahallow  water,  the  light  reflected  from  the  sand  at  the  bottom  often 
gives  a  reddish  hue  to  the  surface.    In  the  West  Indies,  where 

"  The  floor  ii  of  rand  like  the  mounuin^rift; 
And  the  pearMwIb  epangle  the  flinty  mow," 

the  waters  of  the  ocean  are  often  so  beautifully  transparent,  as  to 
exhibit  the  minutest  object  they  contain  or  cover  at  the  depth  of 
several  fathoms.  In  the  Gulf  of  Guinea  the  sea  is  white;  and 
around  the  Maldive  islands  it  is  black. 

A  very  curious  and  magnificent  spectacle  is  often  presented  at 
night  by  the  luminous  appearance  of  the  sea,— a  phenomenon 
which  seamen  generally  regard  as  the  precursor  of  blowing 
weather.  It  is  of  most  frequent  occurrence  in  summer  anS 
autumn.  Three  species  are  generally  distinguished.  The  first  is 
generally  seen  close  to  a  ship  when  sailing  before  a  fresh  wind, 
and  forms  a  tail  of  light  in  the  wake  of  the  ship;  at  other  times, 
during  stormy  weather,  it  spreads  over  the  whole  surfae^  of  the 
sea,  clothing  it  apparently  in  a  sheet  of  fire.  This  species  is 
ascribed  to  electricity.  The  second  kind  of  marine  phosphores- 
cence, penetrates  beneath  the  surface;  and  when  a  quantity  of 
the  illuminated  water  is  put  into  a  vessel,  it  retains  the  brilliance 
M  long  as  it  is  kept  agitated,  but  loses  it  as  soon  as  the  agitation 
subsides.  This  species  occurs  during  dead  calms  or  ui  very 
hot  weather,  and  seems  to  be  a  true  phosphoric  light,  emanating 
from  particles  of  putrid  animal  matter  suspended  in  the  water. 
The  third  species  exceeds  the  two  former  in  intensity  of  brilliance ; 
and  it  is  supposed  that  the  appearance  is  occasioned  by  innume- 
rable minute. animals  of  a  round  shape,  moving  rapidly  through 
the  water  in  all  directions,  VkmwA  many  luminous  sparks. 

The  sea  is  subject  to  yariooe  motions,  arising  from  diflcre  .t 
causes.  Even  when  unruffled  by  th|^ winds,  it  is  agitated  by  the 
rotation  of  the  earth,  and  the  attr«etioBFef  the  moon  and  the  sun. 
These  three  causes  produce  a  threefold  motion,  viz.  the  motion 
of  the  ipoves,  that  of  the  eumnU,  and  diet  of  the  tiie$. 

Hie  most  wonderful  and  important  mMion  of  the  sea  is  that  of 


! 


^■iw<iitoiTiiiii',n4jitii!>aBia^aUUftliaSBMfciR^'' 


■  1'iii.it^i.ii^lniiiBa 


m 


CLASSIFICATIOX  Of  CLOUDS. 


kU  and  lotoiide,  or  that  regular  ebb  and  flow  of  the  sea  whicl. 
Sr  cverd^'at  a  certain  iuterval.  The  sea  rises  to  itsgreat. 
Jit  heiX  in  about  6  hours,  and  remains  stationary  for  about  6 
minute!-  after  which  U  recedes-for  other  6  hours,  and  having  re- 
ZS  statbnaTy  at  u-  lowest  tide  for  a  few  minutes,  begins  to 
ruTagar  TnThe  Baltic  and  the  Black  Sea  there  is  no  tide;  and 
almost  none  iu  the  Mediterraneao.  .„„,i,-,  „«♦  -a 

BesideB  these  motions  of  the  ocean,  there  »  another  not  so 
eaSfy  accounted  for     There  is  felt  in  the  open  sea  between  the 
Tronics  aiS^  as  far  as  the  30th  decree  of  latitude    a  constant 
ar/rom  e«.  'to  west,  which  »a&.t.  Ujelf J  «he  qujc^saa- 
ins  of  vessels  moving  in  that  direction.    y»»«.  ™<>»5 '^X'*^^".;  J} 
thSse  currents  is  the    Oulfttrtam,   which  rises  in  the  Gulf  of 
Mexico  between  Florida  ind  the  Bahama  is  ands,  and  sets  in  a 
Sed  and  wpanded  flow  northeasterly,  along  the  coast,  of 
North  America,  till  it  reaches  Norway,  whence  repulsed  by  the 
Cinaviau  coasts,  it  turns  N    W.  toward.  Greenland.     The 
current  is  known  by  the  beautiful  blue  color  of  Jf  J»t«";^^,,  ^ 
When  two  or  ueveral  currents  meet  each  other,  or  cros.  at 
•nSes  violent  circular  motion,  of  the  sea  are  produced,  which 
L^act^ierv  thing  coming  within  their  vortex,  and  whirling  it 
S  in  dicrS  gyratTons.  finally  ingulf  it  in  their  bosom.^ 
Thci  Litens  of  Xfea  are.called  »fciW^^^^^^ 
lieliove  that  they  mark  the  situation  of  profound  abysses  in  ine 
borominhes^a.  into  which  the  water  P^^f  ";.7,ra;,KS 
duces'  this  danaerous  suction.      Among   the  most  remarKawe 
ISpooUis  thft  of  Chalcis  in  the  E;.?P«-.  ^^^^^^ 
Smreee,  which  alternately  absorbs  and  rejects  the  water  seven 
time*  everv  twenty-four  hours.     Charybdis,  near  the  Strait  ot 
Srcily   reioct   anyabsorbs  the  water  thrice  in  twenty-four  hour.. 
TheLgirtknown  whirlpool  is  the  M<uUtro^  a.  the  ^orwegl«l 
•ea!  he  circumference  of  which  exceeds  90  league.. 


CLASSIFICATION  OF  CLOUDS. 

Tl.«  <.tnnda  are  aaueou.  vapors,  which  hover  at  a  considerate 
heS^^  atofe  th"  sXce  ^f  th'e  ea'rth.  They  difi-er  fr-  f^J*  «"  X 
•  TSeir  height  and  less  degree  of  transparency.  The  dw«nnce 
ai  the  clouds  from  the  surface  of  the  earth  is  very  d.fler*nt.  i  hm 
Jnd  Lt  ctuds  are  higher  than  the  highest  mountains;  thick 
Ind  heavy  clotds  on  the%ontrary.  touch  low  mountH.ns,  .  eep le^ 
Ind  evJn  trees  The  average  height  of  the  clouds  is  cslcu  nfed 
to  bo  lio  miles  and  a  half,  innumerable  a.  the  forms  of  cloude 


'EJnWwWSWlW'' 


Mimmimiimtmmmtmmmrif-- 


in 

08t 


ndfl 


ig 


r  the  sea  whic!. 
rises  to  Us  great- 
lary  for  about  6 
I,  and  having  re- 
nutes,  begins  to 
e  is  no  tide;  and 

J  another  not  so 
sea  between  the 
tude,  a  constant 
the  quick  sail- 
A  celebrated  of 
in  the  Gulf  of 
and  sets  in  a 
,  the  coasts  of 
,  repulsed  by  the 
Greenland.    The 
its  waters, 
ther,  or  cross  at 
produced,  which 
,  aud  whirling  it 
,  in  their  bosoms.^ 
Some.naturalists 
nd  abysses  in  the 
pitating  itself  pro- 
most   remarkable 
near  the  coast  of 
B  the  water  seven 
lear  the  Strait  of 
twenty-four  hours, 
in  the  Norwegian 
agues* 


UDS. 

sr  at  a  consideral^le 
lifTer  from  iogs  only 
[icy,-  The  distance 
ery  diflenent.  Thin 
it  mountains;  thick 
mountHiriB,  fleeplen, 
clouds  is  calculntnd 
the  forms  of  cluuda 


CLASSiriCATIOX  OP  CLOUDS. 


481 


may  apocnr  to  be,  correct  observers  have  stated  that  they  maj 
be  all  comprised  in  seven  modifications. 


w . 


ii 


These  following  modifications  are  arranged  in  the  order  of 
•Heir  o^inary  elevation,  but  which  is  very  Irequently  deranged. 
We  aTve  the  names  both  in  Latin  and  English;  the  'ormer  are 
]«5,f;rmoJt  generally  used.     The  figures  reler  t.  the  above 

•^""'f^o.     1.   C.HKt;s    ......     ^-'-^''"fv, 

2     CiRROCUMOLUS       .     .    .     Sonier-Cloud, 

41 


I 


L 


««M 


488 


«U9>I7ICATI0II  OF  CLOUDS. 


'-i-i^r 


; 


Fig.  3,  4, 5, 6,  7,  CiBKOsTBATUs        ...     Wane-Cltmd 

9,  CuMDLOSTaATua    .    .    .  Twain-Cloud 

9,  Cumulus Stacken- Cloud. 

U,  Ni»kBUs        .....  Boin-Cloud. 

U.  StaATW       .....  FaH-Cloud. 

Fig.  1 .  The  cur/tiig  and  flexaous  forma  of  this  cloud  constitute 
its  most  obvious  external  character,  and  from  these  it  derives  its 
naow.  It  may  be  distinguished  from  all  others  by  the  lightness 
of  its  appearance,  its  fibrous  texture,  and  the  great  and  perpetually 
changing  variety  of  figures  which  it  presents  to  the  eye.     It  is 

S;nerally  thi  mort  elevated,  occupying  the  highest  regions  of 
e  atmoaphtre.  The  earned  eimu  cloud,  vulgarly  called  the 
Mar«'«  M,  is  the  proper  cirrus.  It  has,  aa  represented  in  the 
engraving,  somewhat  IM  appearance  of  a  disteooed  look  of  wnite 
hair,  or^fa  baach  of  w««|  pulled  out  into  fine  pointed  ends. 
This  variati^  m^  oeotrnpaoimeat  of  a  variabla  state  o£  weather, 
and  forebom  wind  and  nun. 

Fig  9.  This  conststs  of  ettciisive  beds  «f  a  nnmber  of  little, 
well  defined,  orbicular  masses  of  clouds,  or  small  twatifi,  in  close 
horizontal  oppesitioa:  but  at  the  same  time  lying  quite  asunder 
{tomUr-chua),  or  separate  from  one  another.  Their  picturesque 
appearanoe  ia  Mimnier  Mien  presenu,  as  Bloomfield  espreaaes  it, 

Inm  kmmun  mwMiiiw  rf  •  tmk  at  iwt. 
This  variety  is  eeoBnealy  afortrttuerofstorms,  and  has  been 
rer..arked  as  aueh  by  the  peets. 

Fig.  S.  4,  &,  0, 1.  This  dond  is  dirtinguishable  by  its  flntness, 
and  great  herixoAtal  extansion  in  proportion  to  its  perpendicurar 
'  height.  Under  all  its  various  forms,  it  preserves  this  character- 
istic.  As  it  is  generally  changing  iU  figure,  and  slowly  subsiding, 
it  has  received  the  name  of  isaiw-tloafr  Sometimes  this  cloud  u 
disposed  in  wavy  bare  or  etreeks,  in  elose  horisontal  opposition, 
and  these  bare  vary  iufiattely  in  aise  and  eubr,  senerally  blended 
in  the  middle,  but  diatiaei  tewarda  ite  edges,  jif  4.  A  variety 
not  unlike  thie,  is  the  sMdbn/<4odb  si^  of  summer  evenings.  It 
is  often  very  high  in  the  atmeephere.  Another  eonunon  variety 
appears  like  along  streah,  thiekest  in  the  middle,  and  wasting 
away  at  its  cdfcs.  This,  when  viewed  in  the  horiton,  Ims  the 
appearance  of  jv.  7.  Another  principal  variety  of  the  eirrostratua 
is  one  which  eonsists  of  sauill  rows  of  little  clouds,  curved  in  a 
peeuliar  manner;  it  is  from  this  curvature  called  cmtoid.fijf.  5. 
This  cloud  k  a  aure  indieatien  of  stormy  weather.  Fig.  6  is  the 
ftpreeentatien  of  a  similar  one,  less  perfectly  formed,  having  more 
of  the  eharaeter  of  the  cirrocumulus,  and  ia  often  produced  w^tt 
a  lerge  eumulus.pesses  under  the  variety  marked^.  7.  Another 
remarkable  developement  of  this  varying  genus  is,  that  extensive 
and  shallop  sort  of  cloud,  which  occurs  particularly  thef  Vening 
and  during  night,  throogh  which  the  sun  and  mo      but  (hintly 


u 


'^iiiii^M»-'- 


'■:\^k'?«*-ft*^'i'Wiwi**-'  "**'i^'* 


^aru-CJoud 
wain- Cloud 
acken- Cloud, 
ain- Cloud. 
tU-Cbntd. 

is  cloud  constitute 
these  it  derives  its 
B  by  the  lightness 
iBt  and  perpetually 
to  the  eye.  It  is 
ighest  regions  of 
ligariy  called  the 
epresented  in  the 
iMd  look  of  wnite 
ine  pointed  ends. 
state  of  weather, 

^  namber  of  little, 
lUtwatifi,  in  close 
ring  quite  asunder 
Their  picturesque 
ifield  cspresaes  it, 

ns,  and  hu  bees 

tbie  by  its  flatness, 
its  perpendicuFar 
ma  this  cbaracter- 
i  slowly  subsiding, 
tinses  this  cloud  ts 
iiontal  opposition, 
jenerally  blended 
% .  4.  A  variety 
initr  evenings.  It 
r  oooHnOn  variety 
iddle,  and  wasting 
I  horiton,  Iras  the 
of  the  cirrostratua 
loudy,  curved  in  a 
led  ewnoid.fig.  6. 
ifir.  Fig.  6  is  tlie 
rmed,  having  mora 
en  produced  wlmi 
dM.  1.  Another 
1 18,  that  extensiva 
arly  thffvening 
I  mo      but  Aintly 


CLASsiricATioir  of  ctotros. 


483 


anpear.  It  is  in  this  cloud  that  those  peculiar  refractions  of  the 
liSt  of  thoRC  bodies,  called  hsios.  mock  suns.  &c.  usually  appear. 
1*18  vwiety  is  the  surest  prognostic  we  are  acquainted  wUfc, 
of  an  impending  fall  of  rain  or  snow.  «.♦  .-j 

Fie  9  The  base  of  this  modification  is  generally  flat,  and 
lies  on  the  surface  of  an  atmospheric  stratum,  the  super«tructura 
resembling  a  bulky  cumulus  overhdnging  its  base  in  large  Heegf 
protuberances,  or  rising  into  the  forms  of  rocky  mountain*.  CoB^ 
siderable  mnsses  of  these  frequently  are  grouped  upon  a  eomrtott 
stratum  or  base,  from  which  it  hasbeen  named  ««'»«»«';«J"-  .» 
derives  the  other  appellation.  <i«iin-«/o«(l.,  from  the  fr«quen  If 
visible  coalescence  of  two  other  modifications,  as,  for  example, 
the  cirrus  and  the  cumulus.  Cumulostratus  otten  •»«??"»»«• 
sometimes  changes  to  cumulus,  »>"».««««•'- J»  •j?l' '"j."' „  JJl 
and  falls  in  rain*  In  long  ranges  of  these  fi^ .  rJi  imSiJj 
served  that  part  has  changed  into  nimbus,  and  the  rest  rewttwa 

unchang^ed.^^.^  clond  is  easily  known  bf  h*  i^rtguUr  heml#| 
pherical  or  heaped  superstructure,  hence  its  nf^  ^J"^*'- «  *SS 
Sr  piU.  It  has  usually  a  flattened  base.  Tfc|  "»o^«  «  »•  T'* 
maSon  is  by  the  gathering  tog^her  of  detac^d  clouds^«cb 
then  appear  «tocfc«d  into  one  large  and  elevated  »»>'».  ^^-Jj**^ 
chud.  The  best  lime  for  viewing  its  progressive  formation  !«» 
line  settled  weather.  It  may  be  called  the  elovd  of  dajf,  ••  tt 
UBually  exists  only  during  that  period.  ^^     j  ..ly-* 

Fi«»    1 1 .     This  is  not  a  modification  depending  vpmn  tumva 
change  of  form,  but  rather  from  increase  of  density  nnd  «e«P«"«"| 
of  shade  in  the  cumulostratus.  indicating  a  flange  of  jrtructure. 
which  is  always  followed  by  the  fa"  oi  ram.    Ihis  has  been, 
therefore,  called  nSmhui,  {a  rainy  bhck  cloud.)    Any  one  of  the 
preceding  six  modifications  may  increase  so  much  aatoobsturj 
the  sky.  and.  without  falling  in  rain.  ••  dissolve."  and  "leavOnM 
a  rack  behind."    But  when  cumulostratus  has  been  wrmed.  n 
sometimes  goes  on  to  increase  in  density,  and  assume  a  black  ettd 
portentous  "darkness.    Shortly  ifterwards  the  '«f"««;r  ««  tjj 
Itaokness  yieW,  lo  a  more  gray  obscurity,  which  is  an  «J'Wjn«« 
that  a  ne'v  arrangement  has  taken  place  in  the  aqueous  pal ticlei 
of  th^'cloud;  the  nimbus  i^  formed,  and  rnin  begins  to  fall. 
iFiie.  n.    This  kind  of  cloud  re-ts  upon  the-  surlico  of  the 
•  elobe.    It  is  of  variable  extent  and  thiekness  and  is  called  Hmlvt, 
abdt^  coverim.     It  is  generally  formed  by  the  subsidenco  of 
vaJTr  Wthe  atmosphere,  and  has.  therefore    been  denommated 
(iMHikud    This  genus  includes  all  fogs,  and  those  creopinjj  mfciM, 
ihiOh  In  summe?  evenings  fill  the  valleys,  ^^a'"  «•"""«:  »!» 
night,  and  disappear  in  the  morning.     This  cloud  «"i'W  at  it. 
density  about  midnight,  or  between  that  time  and  mommg.  and  it 
Btnerally  disappears  about  sunrise.    It  Is,  for  this  i>eaaon,  CWIM 
Igmm.Hutlouiofiiigkt. 


mm* 


nm^MHnKBMiMia 


LITEnART  rCR»CtTS   OF  SAILORS 


LITERARY  PURSUIT  3  OF  SAILORS. 


There  are  many  cases  on  record  of  individuals  who,  even  wUh 
scarcely  any  other  education  than  what  they  contrived  _  to  ^ive 
Ihemselves  while  serving  in  subordinate  and  laborious  situatioM 
in  the  camp  or  on  shipboard,  have  attained  to  sreal  familiantjr 
with  books,  and  sometimes  risen  to  considerable  literary  or  scien- 
tific distinction.      The  celebrated  English  navigator,  Damintr, 
although  he  had  been  some  time  at  school  biforo  he  left  his  native 
country,  yet  went  to  sea  at  so  early  an  age  that,  considering  he 
for  a  long  time  led  a  vagabond  and  lawless  life,  he  must  hare 
very  soon  forgotten  every  thing  he  had  been  taught,  if  he  bad 
not,  in  the  midst  of  all  his  wild  adventures,  taken  great  pains  both 
to  retain  and  extend  his  knowledge.     That  he  must  have  dane  ao. 
ie  evident  from  the  accounts  of  bis  different  voyages,  which  he 
afterwards  published.     We  have  few  works  of  the  kind  more  vig- 
orously or  graphically  written  than  these  volumes;  and  they  con- 
tain abundant  evidences  of  a  scientific  and  philosophical  knowl- 
edge  of  no  ordinary  extent  and  exactness.   Along  with  Dampier  a, 
we  may  mention  an  older  name,  that  of  John  Davit,  the  discover- 
er  of  the  well-known  strait  leading  into  Baftin's  Bay.    Davis  aJM 
went  to  sea  when  quite  a  boy,  and  must  have  acquired  all  bia 
knowledge  both  of  soience  end  of  the  art  of  composition,  whUe 
engaged  among  the  duties  of  his  profession.      Yet  we  not  only 
have  from  his  pen  accounts  of  several  of  his  voyages,  but  also  a 
treatise  on  the  general  hydrography  of  the  earth.      He  was  the 
inventor,  besides,  of  a  quadrant  for  taking  the  sun's  altitude  ^ 
era.     Robirt  Drury,  too,  who  wrote  an  account  of  the  Island  of 
Madagascar,  and  of  his  strange  adventures  there,  deserves  to  be 
remembered  when  we  are  making  mention  of  authors  bred  at  see 
Drary  was  only  fourteen  when  he  set  out  on  his  voyage  in  a  vee- 
fel  proceeding  to  India,  and  he  was  shipwrecked  in  returning 
IwiBe  on  the  island  we  have  mentioned,  wherr  he  remained  in  a 
•pectes  of  captivity  for  fifteen  years;  so  that  when  he  at  last 
Mntrived  to  make  hta  escape,  he  had  almost  forgotten  his  tt«tive 
language.  He  afterwards,  however,  set  about  writing  an  aceouot 
efhia  Ofe— a  task  which  he  accomplished  whilst  acting  in  the 
Iramble  capacity  of  a  porter  at  the  India  House.      The  work  ia 
eompoaed  in  a  plain  but  sensible  stylo,  and  conUias  many  interest- 
ing details  respecting  the  manners  of  the  natives  of  Madagascar. 
i^  perhaps  somewhat  better  for  having  been  compressed  by  one 
of  the  friends  of  the  author,  whose  original  mannscript  ia  laid  to 
bave  extended  to  eight  hundred  large  folio  |Nt|ce. 

Fmkoner,  the  author  of  "The  Shipwreck,"  as  is  generally 
kMWB.  epent  hie  Ufe,  from  childhood,  at  sea.    He  was  probaUjr 


T 


\ 


SJ— JH-lU-i" 


LORS. 

ils  who,  even  with 
Bontrived  to  ^ive 
borioua  aitustioM 

f|real  fatniliaritjp 
iterary  or  uien- 
iricator,  Damintr, 
e  he  left  hie  native 
It,  considering  he 
t'e,  he  must  nave 
taught,  ir  he  bad 
n  great  paint  both 
nust  have  dane  ao. 
royagea,  which  be 
:he  kind  more  vif 
ea;  and  they  eon- 
iloaophi/ial  knowU 
ig  with  Dampier'e, 
^avit,  the  discover* 
I  Bay.    Davis  also 
9  acquired  all  bis 
compoaition,  while 
Yet  we  not  only 
oyages,  but  also  a 
rth.      He  was  the 
le  sun's  altitude  at 
t  of  the  Island  of 
Bre,  deserves  to  be 
uthora  bred  at  ae* 
is  voyage  in  a  vee> 
icked  in  returning 
rbe  remained  in  « 
t  when  he  at  last 
)rgntten  bis  native 
writing  an  eeeoaot 
whilst  acting  in  the 
le.      The  work  ie 
Mint  many  interest' 
es  of  Madagascar, 
compressed  by  one 
innseript  is  said  to 

|CS. 

i,"  as  is  generally 
He  was  probiMjr 


\ 


/ 


/ 


llTBHABT  MWSriTS  OF   SAIIXMS. 


•m 


bom  in  one  of  the  small  towns  in  the  <  ^vxAy  of  Fife,  which  border 
the  Frith  of  Forth;   but  nothing  is  very  certainly _ ascertained 
either  as  to  his  native  place  or  his  parentage.     Nor  haa  any  ac- 
count been  given  of  how  he  acquired  the  elements  of  education, 
with  the  exception  of  a  report  that  he  found  an  instructer  iu  a 
person  of  the  name  of  Campbell,  a  manofsjjme  literary  taste  and 
acquirements,  who  happened  to  be  purser  in  one  of  the  ves««lsm 
which  young  Falconer  sailed,     However  this  may  be,  Falconer 
appeared  as  an  author  at  a  very  early  age,  having  been  onlpr,  U  is 
said,  in  his  twcnty-first  year  when  he  gave  to  the  world  his  flret 
production,  a  poem  on  the  death  of  Frederick,  Prince  of  Walee, 
the  father  of  his  late  Majesty,  George  HI.   He  was  ten  or  twelve 
years  older  when  be  published  his  "  Shipwreck,"  which  is  said  to 
be  founded  in  a  great  measure  on  the  personal  adventures  of  tta 
author.    Faltsoner  did  not  permit  the  success  of  bis  poetical  ef- 
forts to  withdraw  him  from  his  profession,  in  which,  having  OOW 
transferred  himself  from  the  merchant  service  to  the  navy,  he  con- 
tinued to  rise  ateadilv  till  he  waa  appointed  purser  of  a  man-ol-war. 
Sometime  after  attaining  this  promotion,  be  published  the  other 
work  by  which  he  is  chiefly  known,  his  "  Universal  Marine 
Dictionary,"  which  waa  very  favorably  received,  and  w  et"!  • 
standard  work.    He  had  previously  to  this  written  several  otWW 
poetical  pieces  on  temporary  subjects,  which  have  long  been  wr- 
eotten.    Shortly  after  the  publicarion  of  his  dictionary,  he  stfl- 
cd  for  Bengal  as  purser  of  the  frigate  Aurora.    Tliia  vosel, 
however,  was  never  heard  of,  after  she  passed  the  Citpe  of  Qood 
Hope,  having  in  all  probability  foundered  at  sea. 

Oioi'dam,  an  Italian  engineer  and  mathematician  of  the  seveili. 
teenth  century,  was  originally  a  common  soldier  on  board  one  of 
the  Pope's  gallies.  In  tliis  situation  his  capacity  and  good  co)V 
duct  attracted  the  attention  of  his  admiral;  and  as  a  reward  tip 
was  promoted  to  the  jiost  of  purser  of  one  of  the  veMew-  «  «'•• 
bis  appointment  to  this  situation  which  first  formed  his  mind  to 
•tody;  Having  accounts  to  keep,  he  soon  found  bow  n«|eessary 
it  was  that  he  aliould  know  somethina  of  arithmetic,  of  wMch  he 
was  till  then  quiterignorant;  and  he  determined  therefore  to  teeOB 
himself  the-science,  which  it  is  said  he  did  without  wsietance. 
By  Bttr#uing  hia  studies  from  this  commencement,  he  eventuany 
•equired  considerable  reputation  as  a  mathematician;  aod,  hav- 
;  Wpubliahed  several  able  works,  was  appointed  at  last  to  a  pro- 
/  fMsorahip  in  the  Sapienza  College  at  Rome.    Oiordani  died  w 

The*llate  Mr.  John  Frarukam.  who  died  at  Norwich  in  IStO. 
WAS  altogether  one  of  the  most  eccentric  characters  to  be  f.jund 
in  the  list  of  self-educated  persons.  His  name  suggcata  itaelf  to 
OS  hero  from  the  circumstance  of  hia  having  paaaed  part  of  his 
early  life  aa  a  common  aoldier.  He  had  been  origmally  appren« 
liee^  to  a  oooper,  wUh  whom  be  remained  for  abowt  two  ye»% 

4^* 


•  f  *HMffi1ii  -  iW^' 


■iiTTin 


4I§  uTEXAmr  rcMuiTi  or  tAitoM. 

and  it  was  in  this  situation  tliat  lie  taught  himself  mathematics. 
But  although  he  obtained  the  situation  of  clerk  to  an  attornev, 
bis  restless  disposition  would  not  allow  him  to  remain  at  his  a«sk; 
sod  after  wandering  for  some  time  about  the  country,  he  enlisted 
In  the  armv,  where,  however  they  did  not  keep  him  long,  finding 
him  qttite  unfit  for  service.     Indeed,  it  was  by  this  time  become 
pretty  evident  that  lAs  mind  was  not  a  little  deranged.— a  n««tter 
wbfeh  he  shortly  afler  put  beyond  doubt  by  renouncing  chrwtiamr 
ty,  and  making  a  formal  prolession  of  paganism.    Although  ha 
published  several  works,  however,  in  support  of  his  peculiar  the- 
ology, and  in  other  respects  conducted  himself  with  great  ecee»> 
IriMty,  he  contrived  to  maintain  himself  by  teaching mathematies, 
in  which  necupation  he  is  said  to  have  displayed  very  consioera* 
bio  ability.    He  resided  and  took  pupils  for  some  years  in 
London.      Somewhat  similar  to  Franshnm's  history  is  that  of 
Jlfr.  Jjhn  Otwald,  who  is  said  to  have  taught  himself  Greek,  Latin, 
and  Arabic,  while  holding  a  lieutenant's  commission  ma  regiment 
of  infantry  in  India.     He  afterwards  returned  to  England,  whero 
bo  published  a  succession  of  poetical  and  politicar.  pamphlets, 
making  himself  remarkable  at  the  same  time  by  various  nngular- 
Uios  of  behavior  and  opinions,  and  especially  by  a  ri^id  absti* 
Bsnee  from  animal  food,  and  a  professional  predilection  lor  tbo  re- 
ligious doctrines  of  the  Brahmins.     When  tbo  revolution  broko 
out  in  France,  Oswald  went  over  to  that  country,  and  eirtered  the 
service  of  the  republic,  in  which  he  obtained  the  rank  of  colons]. 
Ho  was  at  length  killed  in  battle.  ,.    j  •<>  u 

ColuaUm  himself,  one  of  the  greatest  men  that  over  lived,  u  It 
bo  grand  ideas  grandly  realized  that  constitute  greatness,  whilo 
Isaoing  the  life  of  a  seaman,  not  only  pursued  sssiduously  tho 
Studies  more  (>articularly  relating  to  his  profession,  rendering 
bimself  the  most  accomplished  geographer  and  astronomer  of  his 
ttms,  but  kept  up  that  acquaintance  which  be  had  begun  at 
school  with  the  different  branches  of  elegant  literature.    We  aro 
luld  that  be  was  even  wont  to  amuse  himself  .by  the  compositioo 
of  Latin  verses.    It  was  at  sea,  too,  that  Cook  acquired  for  him- 
Botf  those  high,  scientific,  and  we  may  even  add  literary  aceom- 
plisbments.  of  which  he  showed  himself  to  be  possessed.      Iho 
parents  of  the  celebrated  navigator  were  poor  peasants,  and  all 
tbo  school  education  he  ever  had  was  a  little  reading,  writing,  snd 
arithmetic,  for  which  he  was  indebted  to  the  liberality  of  a  gentle- 
man in  tbo  neighborhood.      He  was  apprenticed,  at  the  age  of 
thirteen,  to  a  shopkeeper  in  the  small  town  of  Snaith,  near  JNew- 
eastle;  snd  it  was  while  in  this  situation  that  he  was  first  seized 
with  a  passion  for  the  sea.    After  some  time,  he  prevailed  upon 
his  master  to  give  up  his  indentures,  and  entered  as  one  of  tho 
crsw  of  a  coasting  vessel  engaged  in  tho  coal  trade.     He  oootin- 
nod  io  this  service  till  he  bad  reached  his  twsnt^-seventb  year, 
iHma  1m  oxobasged  it  fiur  that  of  the  navy,  ia  wbidi  Jw  SQO^i  diSf 


ptm^ffPff^mmtr^ 


n. 


leir  oMthematiea. 

to  un  attorney, 
nain  at  hii  dtaki 
intry,  he  enlisted 

tim  long,  finding 

lie  time  become 
inged,>— a  matter 
uncing  christianir 
Although  he 

hie  peeuliar  the* 
with  great  eeeeap> 
lingaiathematiea, 
i  very  considera* 
r  some  yeara  in 
liatory  ie  that  of 
lelf  Greek,  Latra, 
•ion  in  a  regiment 
o  England,  where 
liticai.  pamphleta, 

varioue  aiogular- 
by  a  ri|;id  abeti» 
ilection  ior  the  re- 
\  revolution  broke 
y,  and  entered  the 
le  rank  of  colonel. 

lat  ever  lived,  if  it 
»  greatness,  while 
id  assiduously  the 
ifession,  rendering 
astronomer  of  hie 
he  had  begun  at 
terature.  We  are 
f  the  composiltoD 
ac<}uired  for  him- 
i  literary  aceom* 
possessed.  The 
peasant!,  and  dl 
idin^,  writing,  and 
eralityofagentle* 
ed,'at  the  age  of 
inaith,  near  iVew« 
>  was  first  seised 
lie  prevailed  upon 
ired  as  one  of  the 
rade.  He  cootin- 
int^'sevcnth  year, 
vkdi  iM  ■otui  dia> 


■^ 


^ 


J/ 


UTBmAmr  ramsirm  or  sailoss. 


487 


tinguisbed  himself  so  greatly,  that  l)e  was  three  or  four  yean 
after  appointed  miuter  of  the  Mercury,  which  belonged  to  a 
squadron  thon  proceeding  to  attack  Quebec.  Here  he  first 
showed  the  proficiency  he  had  already  made  in  the  scientific  part 
of  his  profesHion,  by  an  admirable  chart  which  he  conatructed 
and  published  of  the  river  St.  Lawrence.  He  felt,  however,  the 
disadvantages  of  his  ignorance  of  mathemaXica;  and,  while  still 
aaaiating  in  the  hoatile  operations  carrying  on  againat  the  French 
on  the  coast  of  JNorth  America,  he  applied  himself  to  the  study 
of  Euclid's  Elements,  which  he  soon  mastered,  and  then  began 
that  of  aatronomy.  A  year  or  two  after  this,  while  again  station- 
ed  in  the  same  quarter,  he  communicated  to  the  Royal  Society 
an  account  of  a  solar  eclipse  which  took  place  on  the  «kh  of  Au* 

i^ust,  1766:  deducing  from  it.,  with  great  exactness  and  skill,  the 
ongitude  of  the  place  of  obaervation ;  and  his  paper  waa  printed 
in  tne  Philoaophical  Transactions.  He  had  now  completely  ee> 
tablished  his  reputation  as  an  able  and  ecientific  seaman ;  and  it 
having  been  determined  by  government,  at  the  request  of  tho 
Royal  Society,  to  send  out  qualified  persons  to  the  South  Sea  to 
observe  the  approaching  transit  of  the  planet  Venus  over  the 
■un's  disc — a  phenomenon  which  promised  aevcral  interealing  re> 
■ults  to  astronomy, — Cook  .was  appointed  to  the  command  of  tho 
Endeavour,  the  vessel  fitted  out  for  that  purpose.  Ho  conducted 
this  expedition,  which,  in  addition  to  the  accompliahment  of  its 
principal  purpose,  was  productive  of  a  large  accession  of  impor^* 
tant  sengraphical  discoveries,  with  the  most  consummate  skill 
K^d  ability;  and  was,  the  year  after  he  returned  home,  appointed 
to  Uk3  command  of  a  second  vessel  destined  for  the  same  regions^ 
but  having  in  view  more  particularly  the  determination  of  tho 
question  as  to  the  existence  of  a  southern  polar  continent.  He 
waa  nearly  three  years  absent  upon  this  voyase;  but  so  admirable 
were  tho  methods  he  adapted  for  preserving  tlie  health  of  his  aea^' 
men,  that  he  reached  home  with  the  loss  of  only  one  man  from 
hie  whole  crew.  Having  addressed  a  paper  to  the  Royal  Society 
upon  this  subject,  he  waa  not  only  chosen  a  member  of  that 
learned  body,  but  waa  farther  rewarded  by  having  the  Copley 
gold  medal  voted  to  him  for  his  experiments.  Of  thia  second  voy- 
age he  drew  up  the  account  bimselt',  and  it  has  been  universally 
oetecmed  a  model  in  that  species  of  writing. 

'All  our  readers  know  the  termination  ol  Cook's  distinguished 
/career.  His  third  voyage,  undertaken  for  the  discovery  of  a 
passage  from  the  Atlantic  to  the  Pacific  along  the  north  coast  of 
America,  although  unsuccessful  in  reference  to  this  object,  waa 
Artile  in  geographical  discoveries,  and  equally  honorable  with 
those  by  which  it  had  been  preceded,  to  the  sagacity,  good  man« 
•gement,  and  scientific  skill  of  its  unfortunate  comniander.  The 
death  of  Captain  Cook  took  place  at  Owyhee,  in  a  sudden  tumult 
of  tb»  tuoivos  of  tiMt  island,  oa  the  14th  of  Fobruiry,  mft. 


- '"  -"'-itiifliwir 


•MMfeWtMudwu. 


uTsaiRT  nmsviTt  or  tAitoas. 

The  newt  of  the  event  was  received  with  general  lamen'tatiotij 
oot  only  in  his  own  country  but  throughout  Europe.     Pensions 
were  bestowed  on  his  widow  and  throe  sons  by  the  governnnent; 
the  Royat  Society  ordered  a  medal  to  be  struck  in  commemoration 
of  him;  his  eulogy  was  pronounced  in  the  Florentine  Academy; 
and  various  other 'honors  were  paid  to  his  memory,  both  by  puh- 
lie  bodies  and  individuals.     Thus,  by  his  own  persevering  efforts, 
did  this  great  man  raise  himself  from  the  lowest  obscurity  to '  a 
Toputation  wide  as  the  world  itself,  and  certain  to  last  as  long 
•a  the  age  in  which  bo  flourished  shall  be  remembered  by 
history     But  better  still  than  even  all  this  ihme— than  either 
the  honors  he  received  while  living,  or  those  which,  when  bo 
woe   no  more,  his  country  and   mankind   bestowed  upon  hto 
■lemory,— he  had  exalted  himself  in  the  ecale  of  moral  and 
intellectual  being;  bad  won  for  himself,  by  his  unwearied  striving, 
•  now  and  nobler  nature,  and  taken  a  high  place  among  the  in> 
•trueters  and  benefactors  of  mankind.    This  alone  is  true  happi* 
Boss—the  one  worthy  end  of  human  exertion  or  ambition— iho 
only  satisfying  reward  of  all  labor,  and  stud^,  and  virtuous  activ- 
ity or  endurance.    Among  the  shipmates  with  whom  Cook  mixed 
When  he  first  went  to  sea,  there  was,  perhaps,  no  one  who  ever 
oiri^er  raked  himself  above  the  condition  to  whi^h  he  then  bo* 
longed  in  point  of  outward  cireumstances,  or  enlarged  in  ai^ 
eonsiderable  degree  the  knowledge  or  mental  resources  he  thon 
possessed.     And  some  will  perhaps  say  that  this  was  little  to  be 
regrett<nd,  at  least,  on  their  own  account;  that  the  many  who 
■pent  their  lives  in  their  original  sphere  were  probably  as  happr 
••  the  one  wha  succeeded  in  risins  above  it;  but  this  is,  iodeed, 
to  east  a  hasty  glance  on  human  ufii  and  human  nature.    That 
man  was  never  truly  happy — happr  upon  reflection,  and^  while 
looking  to  the,  oast  or  the  future— who  eould  not  say  to  himself 
that  he  had  made  something  of  the  fkeulties  God  gave  litm,  and 
had  not  lived  altngethor  without  progression,  like  one  of  the  inferior 
animals.    We  do  not  apeak  of  mere  wealth  or  station ;  th^  are 
eomparatively  nothing;  are  as  oAen  nnssed  as  attained,  even  by 
those  who  best  merit  them;  and  do  not  of  themselves  constitute 
kappinoss  when  tbejr  ate  puatoasai.    Bet  there  must  be  some 
eunaeiousness  of  an  intelleetual  or  moral  progress,  or  there  can 
bo  no  satisfaction— no  self-congratuletion  on  reviewing  what  of 
life  may  be  already  gone-~no  hope  in  the  prospect  of  what  is  jH 
to  eome.    All  men  feel  this,  and  Ael  it  strongly ;  and  if  they  eould 
lecuro  for  themselves  the  source  of  happiness  in  question  by  a 
wish,  would  avail  themselves  of  the  privilege  with  suflicient  a!ae< 
lity.     Nobody  would  pass  his  life  in  ignorance,  if  knowledge 
migfat  be  had  by  merely  looking  up  to  the  clouds  for  it;  it  is  the 
labor  necessary  for  its  acquirement  that  aoares  them;  and  thia 
labor  Uiey  have  not  resolution  to  encounter.    Yet  it  is,  in  truth, 
iitiee  by  wkiob  it  niMt  be  elMaiMd,  that  knowledge 


mmn 


mum 


mmsm 


1 


neral  lamentation, 
Europe.     Pensions 
f  the  government; 
in  commeinoriitioa 
rentine  Academy; 
ory,  both  by  pub« 
lertevering  efforts, 
est  obscurity  to '  a 
in  to  last  as  long 
B  remembered  by 
ikme— than  either 
e  which,  when  he 
estowed  upon  his 
ale  of  moral  and 
inwearied  striving, 
ice  among  the  in- 
lone  is  true  happi> 
I  or  ambition— th9 
and  virtuous  activ« 
whom  Cook  mixed 
,  no  one  who  ever 
nrbi^h  he  then  b«« 
T  enlvged  in  aajr 
resources  he  thm 
liis  was  little  to  be 
tat  the  many  who 
probably  as  happr 
)Ut  this  is,  indeed, 
ntn  nature.    That 
tfleetion,  and  while 
not  say  to  himself 
iod  gave  him,  mid 
ie  one  of  the  inferior 
station;  th^e  ar« 
B  attained,  even  by 
emselves  constitute 
lere  must  be  some 
^ess,  or  there  can 
reviewing  what  of 
ipect  of  what  is  y?l 
Y;  and  if  they  could 
s  in  question  by  a 
with  sufficient  alae- 
mce,  if  knowledee 
ids  for  it;  it  is  the 
res  them;  and  this 
Yet  it  is,  in  truth, 
•d.that  koewledge 


ABBTHACT  or  AMKKICAir  KAUTICAL  LAtVi. 


48il 


T 


derives  at  least  half  its  value;  for  to  this  entirely  we  owe  the 
sense  of  merit  in  ourselves  which  the  acquisition  brings  along 
with  it;  and  hence  no  little  of  the  happiness  of  which  we  have 
just  described  its  possession  to  be  the  source,  besides  that,  the 
labor  itself  soun  becomes  an  enjoyment. 

'J'o  the  example  of  Cook,  if  it  were  necessary,  wo  might  add 
those  of  others  of  his  countrymen,  who,  smce   his  time,  have 
shown,  in  like  manner,  the  possibility  of  uniting  the  cuilivolion 
of  literature  and  science  to  the  most  zealous  performance  of  the 
duties  ofthe  same  laborious  profession.     For  instance,  Vancouver 
was  a  sailor  formed  under  Cook;  and  to  him  we  owe  an  interest^ 
ing  and  ably  written  account  of  the  vo)  oge  which  he  made  round 
the  world,  in  1790,  and  the  four  following  years.     Lieulenant 
Fitnders  commanded  the  expedition  sent  out  in  1801,  to  tturvey 
th»  coast  of  New  Holland,  and  allerwards  published  an  account 
of  his  voyage,  accompanied  by  a  volume  of  charts,  which  are 
considered  as  placing  the  author  in  tho  highest  rank  of  m  dern 
bydrographers.     Nor  ought  we  here  to  forjjet  the  late  Lord  Col' 
Imgwood,  second  in  command  to  Kelson  at  Trafalgar,  and,  in  all 
respects,  a  man  of  first-rate  merit,  who,  although  he  never  sent 
any  production  to  the  press,  has  been  proved  by  his  correspon- 
de'ice,  published  since  his- death,  to  have  been  in  reality  one  of 
die  best  of  writers.     Yet  he  was  only  thirteen  when  he  first  en- 
tered the  navy,  and  during  the  remainder  of  his  life  be  was 
scarcely  ever  ashore— circumstances  which  used  to  make  his  ae- 
qusintances  wonder  not  a  little  where  ho  got  his  style.     He  had 
always,  however,  been  fond  of  reading  and  tho  study  of  elegant 
literature;  and  lie  found  that  even  a  life  at  sea  afforded  him  many 
opportunities  o(  indulging  his  taste  for  these  enjoyments. 

It  does  not  belong  to  the  plan  of  this  work  to  notice  any  living 
examples:  but  the  names  of  a  crowd  of  naval  officers  of  our  own 
times,  who  have  distinguished  themselves  as  men  of  science  and 
learning,  as  well  as  skilful  eonunanders,  will  present  themselvet 
at  ooce  to  the  memory. 


^^   jkBSTRACT  OF  AMEUCAN  NAUTICAL  LAWfc. 

Shipping  articles  are  required  to  be  signed  by  every  mariner, 
declaring  the  vovago  and  the  term  of  time  for  which  tho  pcamon 
are  shipped,  and"  when  they  are  to  render  themsolves  on  board. 
Seamen  are  liable  ^^imprisonment  for  desertion.  But  if  the 
master  sails  and  leavSa  seaman  in  imprisonment  abroad,  he  will 
la  entitled  to  his  wage!  till  his  return  to  the  United  States;  de- 
duetiog  the  time  of  imprisonment.    Ftrovision  is  made  for  tho 


410  ABIXaACT  or    AMIRICAW  MAOTlCAt   tAWa. 

prompt  recovery  of  teamen',  wage.,  by  admiralty  proceM  againit 
th- .hi.,  if  the  waire.  be  not  pa  d  within  ten  day.. 

TrfbUd  trtS:  them    not  «ee«ling  two  for  every  huadrad 
too^  at  a  rata  not  axceedic,  ♦•«  Wlw-  PJ^"*;  ^  ^„„ 

S^S.*S..«I  three  "wnth.*  wage.  ba.ide.  the  amount  thw^^^^^^ 

IS  month,  to  be  paid  to  the  •%•««"  *,tf»*'yiXfJ^H& 
and  ona  month*,  pay  to  the  fund  for  th»ratom  of  Amarioaa  Ba«« 

°*The  master  ha.  tha  right  to  diteharge  a  •««"  J'J  j^VS 

**Threxpcni.e  of  curing  a  .Ick  .eaman  in  the  courw  of  tha  v<^ 
.,Ju  a  cCJe  Spon  the%hip5  and  thi.  ru  e  ^^^^^X^^i'^HS^^- 
Such  by  it.  i^rinsic  eouity  and  .ound  P^''«/v"  "^^ 2*  "f'^SS 

nance  .uch  a  contract,  nor  permit  any  one  toulaua  tlia  wagw  oi 

'Tl'/aman  i.|«l|W.d  to  hi.  •ar*  <^' I'^J.^jlV^ThX 
thouirh  he  i.  uatWe  to  render  hi.  wrvice  by  .ickncM,  «»r  oomj 
inhiry  hap^XTio  tha  courM  of  tha  voyage,  «/ jNule  m  th^ 
'SJSS  hf.  duty ;  or  if  wruogfuHy  -^f  ^^J^iSr  fy  tS 
K  the  cour«»  of  th,  Ifoyge.  or  *»««*»<»  J"";**;;  Sed  m  ll 
cruelty  of  the  roailar.  In  thi.  caw  "•JR'** 'VrSjT  J^ 
himVand  ha  i.  im«rfi«*ly  "ti****  *»  W"*^**  ^ 
"Wgw-ral  prinripl»i»  to  «aria.  law  i..  that  fjrdgit  i.  lb. 


tAWfl. 

y  proceM  againil 

■. 

tmmereial  agenti, 

eatitute  in  foreign 

tort  in  tlie  United 

American  vetseia 

>r  every  huodred 

n. 

port,  or  a  eMjmaa 
Iter  (a'6IHi|ed  to 
amount  thea  due, 
ley  engegi  tiiail, 
of  Anerioaa  B«i* 

Ban  for  juet  eaiiM     - 
ifhe4oeiitifMito> 
intheehip     Tlw 
laea,  and  prnhibllt 
cauae,  in  a  forelgl 

icoareeofthe  vof- 
commends  itself  ta 
as  by  the  eanotiM' 
the  nature  of  addU 
iitea  a  material  in- 
for  their  labor  and 
for  wagea,  may  bt 

•hip,  is  bound,  from 
I  duty  to  th«i  utmost 
by  tlfn  master  wbea 
irew  are  aiek  or  tiM 

0  extraordinary  •■• 

1  eerviea  not  wtthia 
oming  a  hostage  or 
tei.  No  wagea  can 
lair  li^li  aot  coimte- 
iiclBia»that*ageaor 

#fao(e  »oyage.a»gB 
f  sickness,  «r  boiljr 
ge,  and  «Hule  in  the 
barged  by  Ine  matter 
quit  the  ahip  by  tha 
j^age  ia  ended  as  te 
Wagea  ferj||l  wbala 

ia.  that  fralgkVi*  ^ 


AtSIBACT  Of  AMtaiCAH  IfAUTIAiL  lAWS. 


4M 


mother  at  wages,  and  if  no  freight  be  earned,  no  wages  are  due 
ffVhe  sWp  pefish  by  the  perils  of  the  sea.  as  tempest,  fire,  ene- 
nlil.  fcc  ihemariirsloM  their  wages.    Otherwise  they  might 
^  usftkiir  eXTor.  to  save  the  alfip     But  the  seamen  do  ncj 
£.0  their  wages,  if  tha  freight  u  lust  by  the  misconduct  of  the 

""when  a  seaman  dies  on  the  voyage.  hU  wages  are  due  to  l.ia 
ropni-^Statives.  «p  to  the  time  ofbi.  death  J^'rXiiaS 
on  the  outward  voyage  are  duajrhen  the  sbji^daUyaroly  ogwaig 
earao.  A«d  if  the^wners  aad  the  charterer  w^m  »  «»»«*!! 
Se  voyages  out  and  home  as  one  entire  voyage,  they  ««o»J.J2 
Su.\i?iv.  the  aeamen.  without  their  consent  otti^n^h^,!^ 
lonaiM  to  them  by  the  general  principles  of  the  marme  law. 
SSufe  by  an  enimy  e&nguishis  the  seamen's  con  ract  for 
SUw!  but  if  by  recapture,  tlie  owner  recovers  his  freight,  tha 
^n  Jecover  their  wage*.  &'  «■"«'»»  »  »>»•  P^'M^SS 
Zd  tWa  holds  for  tbo«a  aeamen  who  remam  f  »»«;••  •'7 ''"^^ 
Boaasistanee  in  the  recapture  or  afterwards,  because  they  aro 

SiSTntbe  sc-vice.    i»di'»«'ri»''?'P"'"'M^»'!!7iSi'^ 
affreight  is  paid  for  the  cargo  saved,  the  wagea  ot  tha  aeaiaaa 

ara  due  in  tha  same  proportion.  _.«. 

JBvery  aareeraent  that  goes  to  separate  the  demand  for  'ragM. 
from  thi  fiTct  of  freight  being  earned,  is  viewed  with  distrust  bj 
tha  court,  aa  an  encroachment  on  the  righu  of  seamen.  -  laa 
eourta  of  marHime  law  extend  to  them  a  pecuhar  Pr»t««»'»?  y"'; 
Za  treat  them  aa  wards  of  tne  admiralty;  and  though  tliey  va 
not  iaeanable  of  makiag  valid  contracU.  they  are  treated  by  the 
SuttTin  the  same  manner  that  eourta  of  equity  are  accustomed 
to  treat  youn?heira  dealing  with  their  expectancies,  wards  with 
their  eirdiSis.  fitc.  'Ihey  are  considered  as  placed  under  tha 
iSJaS?  of^  who  havi  naturally  acQuired  *  ™a.tery  over 
them.  Every  deviaUon  from  the  terma  of  the  common  shipping 
imwr  la  rwldly  inspected,  and  if  additional  burdens  are  imposed 
SpTn  the  ifSnin  viSthout  adequate  remuaera^o.  the  courts  wjl 
Interfere,  and  moderate  or  aanul  tha  i|ipulation. 

Midairs  are  bound  to  contribute  out  of  their  wagea  for  am- 
teulemaats  of  the  cargo.  Jiniuries  produced  by  the  misconduct 
If  Sy  ^hl  «r.w.    Bit  the  indfividual  criminal  must  be  unknow^ 

r„nrctt««anc^  must  be  such  «•  el««ly  »»  ^  *"^^irui5l 
wroaff  upon  some  of  4he  crew;  and  then  ^ose  otlhe  crew  upon 
whoStii  presumption  of  guilt  resU.  must  a*"^ •*•»!?•  j^' ""=» 
SheramlWiibute  rateably  to  the  loss.  If  •«»l««''7»"/>./" 
Sie  himself  from  suspicion,  he  does  «°\\^'J^^\./f^)X 
raaaonabia  presumption  lies  against  any  of  tbacrew,  the  lose  OUia 

"^  X.'SiipwrXind  there  are  materi^of  the  ship  saved 
the  s^man  by  whose  eiertions  they  are  sated,  are  entitled  to 
their  waiea  out  of  the  proceeda  of  tha  firagmeats,  even  although 


408 


ABSTI^ACT  9W   AMBRICAIT   NAUTICAL  LAWa. 


no  fteight  WMftniM^Jhe  owncri.  Chancellor  Kent,  liowevcr, 
t.ynk!i  thHt  \u  mich  »:%ase.  the  allownnce  to  leainen  out  of  llio 
wreck  ought  to  be  called  lalvnge,  "  Wage*,  in  Much  cases,  would 
be  contrary  to  the  graat  principle  in  mariM  i«w,  that  freight  m 
the  mother  of  wages,  and  the  safety  of  the  ship  the  mother  of 

freight."  ..  L      u-        1-  1 

The  wages  of  seamen  constitute  a  lien  upon  the  ship,  wlnuli 
does  not,  like  other  liens,  depend  on  possession.  Seamen's  wagea 
•re  hardly  «arned,  and  liable  to  many  contingencies,  by  which 
thoy  may  be  entirely  lost,  without  any  fault  on  their  part,  tew 
elaiWare  so  highl>  favored  by  law,  and  when  due  th«  vewel, 
OwnerH,  aad  master,  are  all  liable  for  them.  Their  demand  lakes 
precedence  of  all  bottomry  bonds,  and  is  go<»d  against  even  « 
subsequent  6onn  fide  purchaser.  It  i*  a  sacred  claim,  and  as 
long  as  a  tingle  plank  of  the  ship  remains,  the  sailor  is  entitled, 
as  against  all  other  persons,  to  the  proceeds,  as  security  for  his 
wages.  The  wages  of  seamen  do  not  contribute  to  the  general 
average,  when  a  loss  of  goods,  roasts,  or  the  like,  is  voluntarily 
Incurred  at  sea  for  the  common  safety,  excep*  in  thft  single  in- 
stunce  of  the  ransom  of  the  ship.  Tiiev  are  exempted  h«rv'«,  lest 
the  fear  of  personal  loss  should  restrain  them  from  making  tn« 
nqniMie  sacrifice.  And  the  hardship*  and  perils  they  endure, 
well  entitle  them  to  au  exemption  from  farther  distress.  ^ 

Desertion  from  a  ship  without  just  cause,  or  the  justifiable  dis- 
charge of  a  seaman  by  the  master  for*td  conduct,  will  work  a 
forfeiture  of  the  wages  previously  ealriM.  This  is  At9  rule  of 
justice  aud  of  policy.  But  if  the  seaitf^uits  the  vessel  inTOl- 
untarily,  or  is  driven  ashore  by  reason  of  criwl  usage,  and  for 
personal  safety,  the  wages  are  not  forfeited.  On  the  other  hand, 
it  is  the  duty  of  the  seamen  to  abide  by  the  vessel  u$  long  as 
reasonable  hope  remains;  and  if  they  desert  the  ship  in  the  perils 
of  the  sen.  when  they  might  have  prevented  damage,  or  saved 
the  vessel,  they  forfeit  their  wages  and  are  answerable  in  dama- 

'*8o  liberal  and  kind  is  the  care  which  onr  laws  have  taken  for 
the  interests  of  seamen  in  the  merchant  service.  It  would  seem 
that  nothinff  more  is  wanting  for  ihtir  benefit,  excepting  a  more 
efl'tictual  security  for  the  ifcind  of  provision  which  ts  tobe  niiida 
for  them  when  they  fall  into  sickness  or  diitress  in  a  toreign 
port,  and  some  arrangement  for  their  eomfart^le  suppoit,  wlien  « 
worn  out  and  decrepit  at  home.  *     _, 


^/  — , 


:xL  i.An-a. 

celtor  Kent.liowevcr, 
to  Beamen  out  of  llio 
I,  in  Much  «ases,  would 
M  l«\v,  that  freiglit  iii 
«  abip  tbe  mother  uf 

upon  the  ship,  wliiuli 
ion.  Seumen's  wage* 
ntingencies,  by  which 
t  oil  their  part.  Few 
when  due,  th«  vesitel, 
Their  demand  lakes 

good  againit  eveo  a 
•acred  clutm,  and  aa 

the  sailor  it  entitled, 
dt.  aH  security  f(kr  hia 
itribute  to  the  general 
the  like,  i«  voluntarily 
xcep*  in  thd.  single  in* 
e  exempted'  hera,  lest 
hem  Trom  making  the 
d  perils  they  endutre, 
her  distrest). 
I,  or  the  justifiable  dia> 

conduct,  will  work  a 
,  This  is  tlie  rule  of 
^quits  the  vessel  inj^ol- 
'  crvel  usage,  and  for 
i.    Oa  the  other  baud, 

tbe  vessel  a«  long  as 
rt  tbe  ship  in  the  perils 
ited  damage,  or  saved 
e  answerable  in  daam* 

Mir  laws  have  taken  for 
ervice.  It  would  seem 
nefit,  excepting  a  more 
n  which  is  to  be  made 
r  diitress  in  a  foruign 
ifertiAla  support,  when «: 


.*»■ 


«.* 


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